定语从句总结

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定语从句总结

定语从句总结

定语从句总结
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰性从句,用于对先行词
或主句中的名词或代词进行进一步说明或限制。

以下是对定语从句的精辟
总结:
1. 关系代词引导定语从句,包括:who/whom(人),which(物),that(人或物),whose(表示所属关系)。

关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。

2. 关系副词引导定语从句,包括:where(地点),when(时间),why(原因),how(方式),等等。

关系副词在从句中充当状语。

3.定语从句可以放在被修饰名词的前面或后面,但关系代词的选择要
根据从句在整个句子中的成分来确定。

同时,从句与先行词之间要有一定
的语义上的关联。

4.定语从句的谓语动词通常与关系代词或关系副词前面的先行词一致,并且从句的时态和语气要与主句保持一致。

5.定语从句可以进一步修饰名词或代词,使句子更具体、详细或限制性。

6.定语从句可以通过省略关系代词或谓语动词的形式来简化句子,但
被省略的部分仍然可以从整个上下文中推测出来。

7.定语从句的位置灵活,可以出现在句首、句中或句尾,但要注意从
句的语序和标点符号的使用。

总之,定语从句在英语中起到了丰富语言表达和精确交流的作用,掌
握好定语从句的用法可以帮助我们提高语言表达的准确性和表达能力。

定语从句归纳总结

定语从句归纳总结

定语从句一.几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。

﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as/whose﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why4.关系词的功能:﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。

﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语、宾语或表语,关系副词充当状语)。

5.定语从句的类型:(限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。

He always makes fun of me, which upsets me.2.非限定性定语从句的作用:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。

The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)二、关系代词1.who/that指人,作定语从句的主语,不能省略。

Do you know the gentleman who/that is sitting there?2.whom/who/that指人是宾格,作定语从句的宾语(动宾或介宾)。

①当作动宾(动词后接宾语)时,关系代词可省略。

Do you know the gentleman (whom/who/that) we met just now?②当作介宾(介词后接宾语)时:介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省The man (whom/who/that) I spoke with is my teacher.The man with whom I spoke is my teacher.※注:固定的动词短语(动词+介词)如look for, take care of等不能把动词与介词拆开,既介词不能提至引导词前。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,在句中充当定语的作用。

它可以用来进一步描述、限定或补充名词或代词的含义。

定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

以下是一些关于定语从句的语法总结:1.关系代词:(1)主格:who,which,that- Who用于指人,作主语时代替的人- The person who is standing over there is my brother.- Which用于指物,作主语时代替的事物- The book which is on the table is mine.- That用于指人或物,作主语时代替的人或事物,比who和which 更常用- The man that is talking to Mary is her boss.(2)宾格:whom,which,that- Whom用于指人,作宾语时代替的人- The person whom I met yesterday is my teacher.- Which用于指物,作宾语时代替的事物- The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.- That用于指人或物,作宾语时代替的人或事物,比whom和which 更常用- The man that I saw in the park is my neighbor.(3)所有格:whose- Whose用于指人或物,表示所有关系- The woman whose husband is a doctor is my aunt.2. 关系副词:when,where,why- When用于指时间,修饰表示时间的名词- The day when we met was sunny and beautiful.- Where用于指地点,修饰表示地点的名词- The city where I was born is very beautiful.- Why用于指原因,修饰表示原因的名词- The reason why he came late is that he missed the bus.注意事项:-在非限定性定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词前面需加逗号或分号- 关系代词who,which,that在口语和非正式的书面语中,常可省略-在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,并且其人称、数要与先行词保持一致-定语从句的谓语动词通常与先行词保持一致,但也有例外情况,如当先行词表示所有者时,谓语动词要与关系代词的先行词保持一致。

最全英语定语从句总结

最全英语定语从句总结

最全英语定语从句总结定语从句(Adjective Clause)是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

下面总结了最全的英语定语从句的用法。

1.关系代词引导定语从句:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that-关系代词在定语从句中的用法:- who/whom/whose:修饰人- which/that:修饰事物、动物2.常用句型:- 主格定语从句:The person who is standing there is my friend.- 宾格定语从句:The woman whom I talked to is a doctor.- 物主定语从句:The book whose cover is red belongs to me.- 非限制性定语从句:My brother, who lives in London, came to visit me.3.关系代词的选择:- who/that:表示人,可做主语或宾语- whom/that:表示人,只能做宾语- which/that:表示事物或动物,做主语或宾语- whose:表示物或人,表示所有关系4.关系副词引导定语从句:- 关系副词:where, when, why-关系副词在定语从句中的用法:- where:表示地点- when:表示时间- why:表示原因5.非限制性定语从句:-非限制性定语从句用逗号与句子主体隔开,几乎与主句无关,可以省略-非限制性定语从句对句子的主要内容起补充或解释作用- 非限制性定语从句中常用关系代词who, which, that 或者关系副词when6.定语从句省略:- 在定语从句中,如果从句主语和主句的主语相同并且是人称代词,可以省略关系代词who/whom/which/that7.定语从句中的动词形式:-定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的人称和数的特点进行变化,但受关系代词引导的从句不存在时态变化总之,定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,可以由关系代词或关系副词引导。

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。

1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。

二、关系代词的用法。

1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的句子,常常用来给出进一步的描述或限定。

以下是一些定语从句的语法知识点总结:1. 引导词:定语从句通常由关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导。

2.关系代词的选用:- that: 可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句;用于人和物;- which: 用于非限定性定语从句,用于物;- who/whom: 用于人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom;- whose: 用于人和物,表示所属关系。

3.关系副词的选用:- where: 用于地点,在从句中作地点状语;- when: 用于时间,在从句中作时间状语;- why: 用于原因,在从句中作原因状语。

4.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:-限定性定语从句用来限定所修饰名词或代词的范围,不能省略,不用逗号与主句分开;-非限定性定语从句用来对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明,可以省略,用逗号与主句分开。

5.关系代词作宾语的省略:- 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略:即省略关系代词that/which/who/whom,但要保留动词的宾语位置。

6.关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用:-关系代词在定语从句中充当一个成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语等;-关系副词在定语从句中充当一个状语,只能作时间、地点或原因状语。

7.先行词和定语从句的一致性:-关系代词的单复数和人称应与其在定语从句中的先行词保持一致;- 关系代词whose引导的定语从句是表示所属关系的,后面的先行词是被关系代词修饰的名词。

需要注意的是,定语从句的位置可以是句首、句中或句尾,要根据具体情况进行调整。

(完整版)定语从句讲解总结

(完整版)定语从句讲解总结

定语从句讲解一.定语从句1.注意英汉差异:汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面,而英语中的定语则不然,是一个词时,放在被修饰词的前面,如:①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面,如:③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。

④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。

⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。

2.分清主句与从句,看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。

如上面第5:主句:He is the man从句:who you are looking for在从句中,looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首,便是定语从句。

3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略,故第5题可以写成:He is the man you are looking for.二.定语从句(从句部分)1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。

数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。

(2)先行词与关系词是等量关系。

必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。

在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。

二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。

例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。

)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。

例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。

)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。

从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。

定语从句知识总结精彩5篇

定语从句知识总结精彩5篇

定语从句知识总结精彩5篇英语的定语从句总结篇一1、由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which; 关系副词when, where, why 引导。

(下面十个句子请读5遍并脱口译出!)e.g.1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.2、The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.3、The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4、Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5、The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.6、He still remembers the day when he went to school.7、It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.8、He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.9、Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.10、In the Sunday paper there are ics, which children enjoy.2、只能用that和who引导的定语从句A.all, nothing, anything, a few, one做先行词指物时B.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时,后面常跟that而不是whichC.先行词前有the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等词修饰时,引导词只能用thatD.当先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时,后面要用who或whome.g. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并非都是金子。

总结定语从句知识点

总结定语从句知识点

总结定语从句知识点1. 定语从句的基本结构定语从句通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导,与所修饰的名词或代词构成一个从句。

定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/关系副词 + 谓语 + 其他成分。

例如:The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.在这个句子中,定语从句是“which/that I bought yesterday”,它修饰的是名词“book”,其中关系代词“which/that”引导引导定语从句,而谓语是“bought”,其他成分是“yesterday”。

2. 关系代词的选择在选择关系代词时,需要根据其在定语从句中的成分以及其所修饰的名词的性质来决定。

通常情况下,关系代词的选择有以下几点:(1)指人的名词一般用关系代词 who/whom/whose,指物的名词一般用which/that。

(2)在非限制性定语从句中,只能使用关系代词who/whom/whose/which,而不能使用that。

(3)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,要根据所修饰的名词是人还是物,决定使用who/which或that。

例如:The woman who/that is standing over there is my English teacher.The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.3. 定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词之后,形成一个完整的句子。

但在特定情况下,定语从句也可以放在被修饰的名词之前。

通常情况下,定语从句的位置有以下几点:(1)定语从句放在被修饰的名词之后时,一般不用逗号与主句分开,因为这种情况下定语从句与主句构成一个紧密结合的句子。

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

xx定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、where(地点状语)可以修饰人的关系代词:that, who, whom, whose可以修饰事的关系代词:that, which, as, whose,The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window faces the sea.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法:●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语)4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语)7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.(= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。

定语从句知识总结与归纳

定语从句知识总结与归纳

定语从句知识总结与归纳(一)结构限定性定语从句:先行词+关系词+定语从句非限定性定语从句:先行词,关系词+定语从句(二)关系词关系代词:that;who;which;whose关系副词:when;where;why w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m说明先行词的内容指:人;关系代词用:that;who先行词指:物,用关系代词:which;whose表示:先行词和从句中的第一个词为从属关系,表示……的……;that;who;which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;关系副词:when;where;why在定语从句中做时间,地点,原因状语;表示:“在那时”;“在那里”和“为什么”The bright star which is shining just above the roof is called Sirius.The people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned in history book at all.We saw a church among the trees, whose tower(the tower of which)was clear against the blue sky.She adopted a child whose parents are dead.He came at six, when I am usually in the garden.Would you please give us a reason why you are late for class ?关系词前面可以带有介词、限定词,结构为:限定词(Both;Many;All等)of which / whom…介词(in;on;at;for等)+which / whom …He felt that his pupils, most of whom lived in the towns, should get to know the wonders of the countryside.This is the road by which we came.(三)先行词指“物”时,关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况,先行词的特点是:1. 先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰2. 先行词是不定代词3. 先行词有only;any;few;little;no;none;all;very 等词修饰4. 先行词既有“人”也有“物”You should hand in all that you have.The only thing that we can do is to wait patiently.This is the last train that goes to Beijing.(四)way 后面的定语从句:the way + in which / that /省略/+定语从句I don’t understand the way in which / that /—/ they worked out this problem.(五)as 引导的定语从句,句型:1. such +先行词as +定语从句:像……一样/之类的……2. the same +先行词as +定语从句:和……一样的……3. as +定语从句,主句:正如……一样He is not the same as he was.We have found such materials as are used in their factory.As is expected, he has been absent.She has read widely in Romantic literature, as appears from her essay.(六)定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词的形式一致。

定语从句知识总结(最新9篇)

定语从句知识总结(最新9篇)

定语从句知识总结(最新9篇)英语的定语从句总结篇一一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。

Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that 在从句中作宾语)(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4)he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。

(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day whenI first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason 后面。

定语从句知识点详细总结

定语从句知识点详细总结

定语从句知识点详细总结一、定语从句的定义定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,它用来修饰名词或代词,限定其具体的内容或范围。

定语从句充当一个形容词的作用,对名词进行修饰、限定或补充说明。

二、定语从句的分类1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。

2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有:when, where, why。

关系代词用来引导修饰人或物的定语从句,关系副词专门用来引导修饰时间、地点和原因等的定语从句。

三、定语从句的引导词的选择1. 指人时可用关系代词who, whom, whose, that引导;2. 指物时可用关系代词which, that引导;3. 指人或物的地点时可用关系副词where引导;4. 指人或物的时间时可用关系副词when引导;5. 指人或物的原因时可用关系副词why引导。

四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,作为一个整体来修饰它。

如:the man who is talking over there(正在那里说话的人)。

五、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词或代词定语从句用来对名词或代词进行修饰,起到限定或补充说明的作用。

如:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting(你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣)。

2. 表示所属关系定语从句还可以表示所属关系,用来说明名词或代词所属的人或物。

如:The man whose car is parked over there is my friend(停在那里的那辆车的主人是我的朋友)。

3. 表示时间、地点、原因定语从句还可以用来修饰表示时间、地点、原因等的名词或代词。

如:I still rememberthe day when we first met(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天)。

六、关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的用法1. who, whom, whose, thatwho, whom, whose, that都可用来引导修饰人的定语从句,其中who常用作主语,whom常用作宾语,whose用来表达所属关系或修饰名词。

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,起到形容词的作用。

以下是定语从句的知识点总结:1. 定语从句的构成:定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在从句中充当一定的成分,如主语、宾语或状语。

2. 关系代词:关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that,它们用来指代先行词,并在从句中担任相应的语法角色。

- who:指代人,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- whom:指代人,在从句中作宾语。

- whose:表示所有格,指代人或物。

- which:指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- that:既可以指代人也可以指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

3. 关系副词:关系副词包括where, when, why,它们在从句中作状语,分别表示地点、时间、原因。

4. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用,不可省略;非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用,可以省略。

5. 先行词:先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,它在句子中的位置通常在定语从句之前。

6. 定语从句的位置:定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,但如果先行词是句子的主语,定语从句可以放在主句的末尾。

7. 定语从句的时态:定语从句的时态通常与主句的时态保持一致,但也可以根据不同的语境进行调整。

8. 定语从句的省略:在某些情况下,定语从句中的某些成分可以省略,尤其是当关系代词在从句中作宾语时。

9. 定语从句的分隔:有时,为了强调或避免混淆,定语从句可以被分隔开来,即先行词和定语从句之间插入其他成分。

10. 定语从句的复杂结构:在复杂句中,定语从句可以嵌套使用,即一个定语从句内部还可以包含另一个定语从句。

掌握定语从句的这些知识点,可以帮助我们更准确地理解和使用英语中的定语从句,从而提高英语表达的准确性和丰富性。

定语从句知识点归纳总结

定语从句知识点归纳总结

一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有 that, which, who, whom, whose 等;关系副词有 when, where, why 等。

1. 关系代词的用法that 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

which 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。

who 指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。

whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语。

whose 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。

2. 关系副词的用法when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。

where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。

三、定语从句的分类1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系紧密,一般不可缺少,否则主句的意思就不完整。

2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用,关系较松散,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。

四、定语从句中关系词的选择1. 先行词是人时,关系词用 who/whom/that当先行词在从句中作主语时,用 who/that。

当先行词在从句中作宾语时,用 whom/who/that(在口语或非正式文体中常用 who 代替 whom)。

2. 先行词是物时,关系词用 which/that当先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时,用 which/that。

3. 先行词是人和物时,关系词用 that4. 先行词是时间名词时,关系词用 when当先行词在从句中作时间状语时,用 when。

5. 先行词是地点名词时,关系词用 where当先行词在从句中作地点状语时,用 where。

6. 先行词是 reason 时,关系词用 why当先行词在从句中作原因状语时,用 why。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结介词的选用可按照从句中的相关词组决定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。

下列是我为大家收拾共享的定语从句语法总结,欢送阅读参考。

定语从句语法总结一.几个根本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词〔名词或代词〕之后。

4.引导词:引导定语从句的词〔包括关系代词和关系副词〕。

〔1〕关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as〔2〕关系副词:when/where/why5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前〔先行词之后〕。

【as除外】6.引导词的功能〔作用〕:〔1〕衔接先行词和定语从句。

〔2〕在定语从句中充当肯定的成分〔关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语〕。

7.定语从句的类型:〔1〕限定性定语从句〔主句和定语从句之间无逗号〕。

①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词〔whom/which〕引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可按照从句中的相关词组决定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。

示例:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting isfrom Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.〔2〕非限定性定语从句〔主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开〕。

定语从句总结

定语从句总结

定语从句定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。

一.词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。

(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom。

(3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

(4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人。

(5) that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中。

(6) which可作表语,既可指人,以可指物。

指人时,一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征.品性或才能的人。

Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。

(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则用who。

(8) 先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that。

(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom,不用which。

3.“介词+关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构(1) “介词+关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

英语定语从句总结完整

英语定语从句总结完整

英语定语从句总结完整定语从句(Attributive clauses)在句中修饰名词或代词的从句,因其修饰作用相当于形容词,故称形容词性从句,即通常所说的定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

引导定语从句的有:(1)关系代词:先行词为人:who, whom, that, whose先行词为物:which, that, whose(2)关系副词:when, where, why注意:关系词起三个作用:①连接先行词和定语从句②替代先行词③在从句中担任成分 what不能引导定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后,但有时也被一个短语隔开。

例如:I was the only person in my office who was invited.I. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的`名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

定语从句的构成: 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句人物主格 Who/ that Which/ that宾格 Whom/ that/ who Which/ that定语whose Whose: …of which(1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。

关系代词充当宾语可以省略。

例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(2)whose 用来指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,。

例如:Please pass me the book whose cover is red.(指物)The lawyer whose name is Wang Jin lives in Nanjing.(指人)(3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等。

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六、where 的抽象化用法: 高考中对 where 的考查趋于复杂,从先行词为“明显的地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。 当先行词表示某人/物的 situation,或某事所发展的 stage,或表达某事的某个方面时都 可以用关系副词 where。 They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分开的地步。 I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. 我可以想到很多这样的情形:学生显然知道很多英语单词和词组,但写不出一篇好文章。 He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. 他让自己进入了一个他可能无法控制的危险情景之中。
五、关系副词: when 先行词为表示时间的名词,且 when 在定语从句中充当时间状语 when=表时间的介词(in, at, during 等)+which where 先行词为表示地点的名词,且 where 在定语从句中充当地点状语 where=表地点的介词(in, at, on, under 等)+which
why 先行词为 the reason, 且 why 在定语从句中充当原因状语 why=表原因的介词(for)+which 例句: 1. I’ll never forget the day when I met you. ==I’ll never forget the day on which I met you. (先行词为 the day, when 代指 the day 引导定语从句,在定语从句中做时间状语,指“I met you”的时间) 2. The building where he lives is very old.=The building in which he lives is very old. (先行词是 the building, where 代指 the building 引导定语从句,在定语从句中做地点状语, 指“he lives”的地点) 3. I know the reason why he was late this morning. =I know the reason for which he was late this morning. (先行词是 the reason, why 代指 the reason 引导定语从句,在定语从句中原因状语,指“he was late this morning”的原因)
四、关系代词的特殊用法 定语从句关系代词只能使用 that 的情况: 1. 当 先 行 词 是 不 定 代 词 all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing, none 等时,或是先行词被这些不定代词修饰时:只能用 that; There is nothing in the world that can frighten him. 在这个世界上没有什么事能吓到他。 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词 the first, the second…, the last 修饰时: This is the best novel (that) I know. The first English film that interested me was Gone with the Wind. 3. 当先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时: The only thing that matters is to find our way home. 4. 先行词既有人又有物时: They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school. 5. 当主句是由 who 或 which 引导的特殊问句时,为避免重复,定语从句中常用 that: Who is the man that is standing by the door? Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词用 which,另一个用 that: They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. 7. 当先行词在从句中作表语时: Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 定语从句关系代词只能使用 which 的情况 1. 在非限制性定语从句中,先行词用来代指前面整句话的意思,只能用 which Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 莫言被授予 2012 年诺贝尔文学奖,这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变为了现实。 2. 当定语从句中的介词提前时,只用 which 不用 that Is this the library which/that you borrowed books from? = Is this the library from which you borrowed books? (介词提前)
一、关系词的作用 1. 连接作用:关系词引导从句,把从句和主句连接起来; 2. 替代作用:关系词在从句中替代它前面的先行词; 3. 成分作用:关系词在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
二、关系词的分类
先行词为人 关 系 代 词
先行词为物 关 系 词
who 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 whom 在定语从句做宾语 that 在定语从句做主语、宾语 whose 在定语从句做定语
九、as 引导的定语从句 as 既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,as 在定语从句中做主语、 宾语、表语。 1. as 引导限制性定语从句: 当先行词有 the same, such, as, so 修饰时,要用 as 代替引导定语从句,而不用 who,whom, which, that: I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school. 我想要和你们在学校使用的一样的书。 He is not such a person as I expected. 他不是我预期的那种人 2. such...as...引导的定语从句与 such...that...引导的状语从句区别 He is such a clever boy as everyone likes. 从句中缺少宾语,为定语从句。 He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. 从句不缺少成分,为状语从句。 3. as 引导非限制性定语从句 as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾;而 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面: As anybody can see, the elephant is like a snake. =The elephant, as anybody can see, is like a snake. =The elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. as 引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意,而 which 则无此意。常用句型有: as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected 等。 As we all know, paper was first made in China.
which 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 that 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 whose 在定语从句做定语,表物主

when 先行词为时间名词,在定语从句中做时间状语


where 先行词为地点名词,在定语从句中做地点状语

why 先行词为 the reason,在定语从句中做原因状语

三、关系代词
1. 先行词为人,关系代词用 who, whom, that, whose I thank the woman who/that helped me. (关系代词做主语) The man who/that/whom I saw in the office told me to come back. (关系代词做宾语,此时关 系代词可以省略) ☆I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. (关系代词做定语,可用 of whom 来代替) = I know the girl of whom the mother is a teacher. = I know the girl the mother of whom is a teacher. 2. 先行词为物,关系代词用 which, that, whose Did you hear about the earthquake that/which happened in San Francisco last week? (关系代 词做主语) The movie that/which we saw last night wasn’t very good. (关系代词做宾语,此时关系代词 可省略)
七、关系代词和关系副词的选择与区别: 1. 首先分清主句和定语从句; 2. 确定定语从句的先行词; 3. 把先行词带到定语从句中,看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分(主语、宾语、定语、 状语) 4. 若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语、定语则选择关系代词,若在从句中做状语,则选择 关系副词。 练习: I will never forget the day _____________ I spent in Hongkong. I will never forget the day _______________ Hongkong returned to its motherland. The reason _____________ he gave for not coming to school yesterday isn’t believable. The reason ______________ he didn’t come to school yesterday isn’t believable. This is the park _____________I once wrote about to you. This is the park _______________ I used to spend my weekend.
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