常用机械加工英语

第1章切削加工基础知识

1.1切削加工概述

切削cutting;

加工machining;

金属切削metal cutting (metal removal); 金属切削工艺metal-removal process; 金属工艺学technology of metals;

机器制造machine-building;

机械加工machining;

冷加工cold machining；

热加工hot working;

工件workpiece;

切屑chip;

常见的加工方法universal machining method;

钻削drilling;

镗削boring;

车削turning；

磨削 grinding;

铣削milling;

刨削planning;

插削slotting ;

锉filing ;

划线lineation;

錾切carving;

锯sawing;

刮削facing;

钻孔boring;

攻丝tap;

1.2零件表面构成及成形方法变形力deforming force;

变形deformation;

几何形状geometrical;

尺寸dimension ;

精度precision;

表面光洁度surface finish;

共轭曲线conjugate curve;

范成法generation method;

轴shaft;

1.3机床的切削运动及切削要素

主运动main movement;

主运动方向direction of main movement; 进给方向direction of feed;

进给运动feed movement;

合成进给运动resultant movement of feed;

合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting;

合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting ;

切削速度cutting speed;

传动drive/transmission;

切削用量cutting parameters;

切削速度cutting speed;

切削深度depth of cut;

进给速度feed force;

切削功率cutting power;

1.4金属切削刀具

合金工具钢alloy tool steel;

高速钢high-speed steel;

硬质合金hard alloy;

易加工ease of manufacturing ;

切削刀具cutting tool;

刀具cutter;

车刀lathe tool;

主切削刃main cutting edge;

副切削刃assistant cutting edge;

刀体tool body ;

刀柄tool shank;

前刀面rake face;

主后刀面major flank;

刀尖nose of tool;

主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system;

切削平面tool cutting edge plane;

主剖面tool orthogonal plane;

切削宽度width of the uncut chip;

进给平面系assumed working plane system;

加工表面transient surface;

前角rake angle;

后角clearance angle;

主偏角tool cutting edge angle;

刀尖角nose angle;

1.5刀具切削过程及磨削机理

塑性变形plastic distortion;

微观组织，显微结构microstructure ;

切削力cutting force;

切削温度cutting temperature;

积屑瘤built-up edge; 刀尖磨损nose wear;

月牙洼crater;

残留应力 residual stress;

应力stress;

硬度rigidity;

磨削grinding;

砂轮grinding wheel;

磨粒grain;

剪切shear;

摩擦friction;

内力internal force ;

1.6~1.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择

加工精度machining accuracy;

表面质量surface finish;

工艺性能technological performance;

材料切削加工性指标machinability index of material;

切削液cutting fluid ;

切削油cutting oil;

1.9 件的装夹及夹具

定位梢dowel;

定位allocation;

机床夹具jig;

组装线Assembly line;

机械零件mechanical parts;

钳工locksmith；

精加工finish machining;

粗加工rough machining;