医学超声术语(1).doc

超声医学术语胃肠心脏疾患方面一、胃肠：胃Stomach(STo) 贲门Cardia(Ca) 胃底Fundus of stomach(SF) 胃体Body of stomach(SB) 幽门Pylorix (Py) 肠Bowel(Bo) 十二指肠Duodenum(Du) 小肠(Small intestine ) 空肠Jejunum 回肠Ileum 盲肠Cecum阑尾Appendix(Ap)结肠Colon(Co)直肠Rectum 二、疾患方面：淋巴结Lymphaden(Ly) 结节Nodule(N) 脓肿Abscess(Abs) 积液Effusion(Eff) 腹水Ascites(Asc) 坏死Necrosis(Nec) 沉积物Sediment(Sed) 转移灶Metastasis(Met)钙化Calcification(Cal)结石Stone(ST)肿瘤Turmor(T)血肿Hematoma(HMA)肌瘤Myoma(Myo)血栓Thrombus(Th) 血管瘤Angioma(Ang) 囊肿Cyst(Cy) 半月板Meniscus 脂肪瘤Lipoma 错构瘤Hamartoma 肿块Mass(M) 斑块Plaque 蛔虫Ascariasis(As) 息肉Ployp(P) 肾盂积水Hydronephrosis(Hydro) 幼稚子宫Pubescent uterus(PU) 双角子宫Uterus bicornis (UB) 脑积水Hydrocephalic(HYD) 葡萄胎hydatidiform mole (HM) 三、心脏解剖术语左房Left Atrium(LA) 左心耳LAA 肺静脉PV 房间隔IAS 左室LV 室间隔IVS 左室前壁LVAW 左室后壁LVPW 左室侧壁LVLW 左室下壁LVIW 左室流出道LVOT 左室流入道LVIT 二尖瓣MV 三关瓣TV 二尖瓣前叶AML 二尖瓣后叶PML 乳头肌PM 主动脉AO 主动脉根部AOR 升主动脉AAL 降主动脉DAL 主动脉弓ALA 主动脉窦AS 主动脉瓣AV 右冠瓣RCC 左冠瓣LCC 无冠瓣NCC 左主冠状动脉 LMCA 左前降支LAD上腔静脉SVC下腔静脉IVC 肝静脉HV 卵圆孔FO 冠状静脉窦CS 右室RV 右室流出道RVOT 右室流入道RVIT 三尖瓣TV 三尖瓣隔叶STL 三尖瓣前叶ATL 三尖瓣后叶PTL 主肺动脉MPA 肺动脉PA 肺动脉瓣PV 心包P 压差降半时间PHT 四、部分测量术语左房内径LAD 右房内径RAD 左室舒张末期内径LVDd 主动脉内径AoD 主动脉环内径AoAd 左室流出道内径LVOTD 右室流出道内径RVOTD 左室短轴缩短率FS 左室射血分数EF 左室舒张末期压LVEDP 反流量PV 反流面积RA 反流分数RF 反流指数RI 1 颅脑大脑 cerebrum 大脑纵裂longitudinal cerebral fissure 大脑皮质cerebral cortex 大脑镰falx cerebri 大脑导水管，中脑水管cerebral aqueduct 中脑midbrain, mesencephalon小脑 cerebellum 小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli 丘脑，视丘 thalmus 延髓 medulla oblongata 侧脑室 lateral ventricle 第三脑室 third ventricle 第四脑室 fourth ventricle 第五脑室 fifth ventricle 脑桥，桥脑pons 脑干brain stem 间脑diencephalon 中间块intermidiate mass 尾状核caudate nucleus 脉络丛choroid plexus 胼胝体corpus callosum 脑岛，岛叶insula 大脑脚cerebral peduncles 大脑外侧沟（窝、裂）lateral sulcus , sylvius fissure 穹窿fornix 透明隔septum pellucidum 透明隔腔cavity of septum pellucidum 额叶 frontal lobe 顶叶 parietal lobe 枕叶 occipital lobe 颞叶 temporale lobe 缘叶 limbic lobe 大脑动脉环 Willi's artery circle 大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery 大脑中动脉middle cerebral artery 大脑后动脉posterior cerebral artery 基底动脉basilar artery 前交通支（动脉）anterior communicating branch 后交通支（动脉）posterior communicating branch 颅前窝，凹 anterior cranial fossa 颅中窝，凹 middle cranial fossa 颅后窝，凹 posterior cranial fossa 2 眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺眼球optic bulb ,eyeball 角膜cornea 前房 anterior chamber 虹膜 iris 睫状体 ciliary body视网膜 retina 脉络膜 choroid 巩膜 sclera 房水 aqueous humour 玻璃体 vitreous 玻璃体膜 hyaloid membrae 晶状体 lens （眼）直肌recti muscles 视神经optic nerve 眶上动脉supraorbital artery 眼动脉 ophthalmic artery 视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery 睫状后长（短）动脉posterior long (short) ciliary artery 泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery 滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery 眼静脉ophthalmic vein 眶上静脉suprorbital vein 滑车上静脉supratrochlear vein 视网膜中央静脉central retinal vein 涡状静脉vorticose veins 眼眶orbit 结膜conjunctiva 唾液腺、涎腺sali<I>var</I>y gland 腮腺parotid(gland) 颌下腺submaxillary gland 舌下腺sublingual gland 甲状腺thyroid(gland) 甲状旁腺parathyroid(gland) 上颌窦maxillary sinus 气管trachea 食管esophagus 乳腺 breast, mammary gland 额 front 枕 occiput 颞temples 颊cheek 胸廓、胸腔thorax, thorax cavity 肋骨ribs,costae 肋软骨costal cartilages 胸骨sternum 乳腺组织breast tissue 悬韧带suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament乳腺后组织retromammary tissue 横膈diaphragm 颈总动脉common carotid artery 颈外动脉 external carotid artery 颈内动脉internal carotid artery 椎动脉vertebral artery 无名动脉innominate artery 颈内静脉internal jugular vein 甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery 3 腹部血管、周围血管腹主动脉 abdominal aorta 腹腔动脉 celiac artery 肠系膜上动脉superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉inferior mesenteric artery 肝总动脉 common hepatic artery 肝动脉hepatic artery 胃左动脉left gastric artery 胃十二指肠动脉gastroduodenal artery 脾动脉 splenic artery 肾动脉 renal artery 卵巢动脉o<I>var</I>ian artery 髂总动脉common iliac artery 髂内动脉 internal iliac artery 髂外动脉 external iliac artery 锁骨下动脉subclavian artery 椎动脉vertebral artery 乳房内动脉internal mammary artery 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein 颈外静脉 external jugular vein 腋静脉 axillary vein 奇静脉 azygos vein 大隐静脉 great saphenous vein 下腔静脉 inferior vena cava 门静脉 portal vein 肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein 肝静脉hepatic vein 肾静脉renal vein 腰静脉lumbar vein 精索静脉spermatic vein 肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries 股动脉 femoral artery 肱动脉 humeral artery桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery 面动脉 facial artery 锁骨下动脉subclavian artery 颈浅动脉superficial cervical artery 颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery 4 肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖肝左叶left liver lobe(LL) 肝右叶right liver lobe(RL) 尾状叶caudate lobe(CL) 方叶quadrate lobe(QL) 附垂叶Riedel's lobe 胆囊gallbladder(G 胆囊管 cystic duct(CD) 肝管 hepatic duct(HD) 胆总管common bile duct(CBD) 肝门porta hepatis 胆囊窝gallbladder forssa 肝圆韧带hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligament 肝镰状韧带falciform ligament 肝静脉韧带venose ligament 胆管、胆道 bile duct(BD) 螺旋状瓣 spiral valve 肝总管common hepatic duct 肝外胆管extrahepatic duct 乏特壶腹Vater's ampulla 胰腺 pancreas 胰管 pancreatic duct , Wirsung's duct 副胰管 Santorini duct 胰头 head of pancreas 胰颈 neck of pancreas 胰体body of pancreas 胰尾tail of pancreas 钩突uncinate process 脾spleen 脾门splenic hilum 肾周脂肪perinephrit fat 集合系统 collective system 肾 kedney 肾盂 renal calyes 锥体 pyramids 肾柱 renal colums 肾上腺 adrenal gland输尿管 ureters, ureteral , uretero 膀胱 urinary bladder , bladder 尿道urethra 睾丸testis 附睾epididymis 鞘膜tunica vagialis, vagina tunic 白膜tunica albuginea , albuginea 输精管ductus deferens, deferent duct 精囊 vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle 射精管ejaculatory ducts 阴囊scrotum, scrotal sac 精索spermatic cord 腹股沟 inguen 前列腺 prostate 5 妇产科子宫uterus 输卵管uterine tube, oviduct 卵巢o<I>var</I>y, o<I>var</I>ies 子宫颈cervix 子宫腔uterine canal 子宫内膜endometriosis 子宫直肠陷凹rectouterine fossa 子宫内口internal ostium of the uterus 子宫口orifice of the uterus 阴道vagina 胚胎embryo 卵黄囊yolk sac 羊膜amnion 羊膜腔amniotic cavity 蜕膜decidua 绒毛villus 绒毛膜chorion 胎盘placenta 胎儿fetus 胎心fetal heart胎动fetal movement, feta motion 胎儿脊柱 fetal spine 胎儿胃泡 fetal stomach bubble 胎儿胸部fetal thorax 胎儿肾 fetal kidney 胎儿肢体 fetal limb脐带umbilical cord 卵泡，滤泡follicle 附件adnexa 羊水amniotic fluid 宫内节育器 intrauterine device 妊娠囊 gestational sac 顶臀长度 crown-rump length 双顶径 biparietal diameter 胎头指数cephalic index 枕额径occipito-frontal diameter 头围head circumference 胸围thoracic circumference 腹围abdominal circumference 小脑径 cerebellum diameter 头（径）指数cephalic index 双眼间距ocular distance 腹部横径transverse trunk diameter 腹部前后径anteroposterior trunk diameter 椎骨长度（胸6～腰3）length of vertebrae 脊柱spine, vertebral colum 股骨长度femur length 肱骨长度humerus length 胎儿体重fetal weight 脐动脉umbilical artery 脐静脉 umbilical vein 胎盘 placenta 孕周 gestational week 孕龄gestational age 超声成像 ultrasonic imaging 实时成像 real-time imaging 灰阶显示gray scale display 彩阶显示color scale display 经颅多普勒transcranial doppler 彩色多普勒血流显像color doppler flow imaging 彩色血流造影color flow angiography 彩色多普勒能量图color doppler energy 彩色能量图color power angio 超声内镜ultrasound endoscope 超声导管ultrasound catheter 血管内超声 intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声显像intravascular ultrasonic imaging 管腔内超声显像intraluminal ultrasonic imaging 腔内超声显像endoluminal sonography心内超声显像intracardiac ultrasonic imaging 内镜超声扫描endoscopic ultrasonography 内镜超声技术 endosonography 膀胱镜超声技术cystosonography 阴道镜超声技术vaginosonography 经阴道彩色多普勒显像transvaginal color doppler imaging 经直肠超声扫描transrectal ultrasonography 直肠镜超声（技术） rectosonography 经尿道扫查 transurethral scanning 介入性超声interventional ultrasound 术中超声监视intraoperative ultrasonic monitoring 超声引导经皮肝穿刺胆管造影ultrasound guided percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography 超声引导经皮穿刺注射乙醇US guided percutaneous alcohol injection 超声引导经皮胆囊胆汁引流US guided percutaneous gallbladder bile drainage 超声引导经皮抽吸US guided percutaneous aspiration 超声引导胎儿组织活检US guided fetal tissue biopsy 超声引导经皮肝穿刺门静脉造影US guided percutaneous transhepatic portography 三维显示three dimensional display 三维图像重建3D image reconstruction 组织特性成像tissue specific imaging 动态成像dynamic imaging 数字成像 digital image 血管显像 angiography 声像图法 echography sonography 声像图 sonogram echogram 多用途探头 multipurpose scanner 宽频带探头 wide-band probe 环阵相控探头phased annular array probe 术中探头intraoperative porbe 穿刺探头 ultrasound guided probe 食管探头transesophagel probe 经食管超声心动图探头transesophagel echocardiography probe 阴道探头transvaginal probe 直肠探头 transrectal probe 尿道探头 transurethral probe 膀胱探头intervesical probe 腔内探头intracavitary probe 内腔探头 endo-probe 导管超声探头 catheter-based US probe 扫描方式 scan mode 线阵 linear array 凸阵 convex array 扇扫 sector scanning传感器 sensor 换能器 transducer 放大器 amplifier 阻尼器 buffer 解调器、检波器demodulator 触发器trigger 零位调整zero adjustment 定标、校正calibration 快速时间常数电路fast time constant 自动增益控制automatic gain control 深度增益补偿depth gain compensation 时间增益补偿time gaincompensation 对数压缩 logarithmic compression 灵敏度时间控制 sensitivity time control 动态范围 dynamic range 消除 erase, eliminate 变换shift 倒置、反转invert 消除clear 注释annotation 放大 magnification ,magnify ,zoom 写入 write 记录record 聚焦focus 帧率<I>frame</I> rate 冻结freeze 字符character 抑制 rejection, reject , suppression 增益 gain 帧相关<I>frame</I> correlation 回放 rendering , play back 彩色极性color polarity 彩色边界 color edge 彩色增强 color enhance 菜单选择menu selection 彩色余辉color persistence 彩色捕获color capture 彩色壁滤波color wall filter 彩色速度显像color velocity imaging 彩色转向 color steering 彩色消除 color cut 彩色锁定 color lock成像数据 imaging data 预设置 preset 前处理 pre process 后处理post process 重调、复原reset 动态频率扫描dynamic frequency scanning 焦距focal distance 动态聚焦dynamic focusing 滑动聚焦 sliging focusing 区域聚焦 zone focusing 连续聚焦sequential focusing 电子聚焦electric focusing 分段聚焦segment focusing 多段聚焦multistage focusing 全场连续聚焦confocusing 图像均匀性image uniformity 运动辨别力motion discrimination 穿透深度penetration depth 空间分辨力spatial resolution 瞬时分辨力temporal resolution 帧分辨力<I>frame</I> resolution 图像线分辨力 image-line resolution 对比分辨力 contrast resolution 细节分辨力 detail resolution 多普勒取样容积doppler sample volume 多普勒流速分布分辨力doppler flow-velocity distributive resolution 多普勒流向分辨力doppler flow-direction resolution 多普勒最低流速分辨力doppler minimum flow-velocity resolution 彩色多普勒空间分辨力spatial resolution of color doppler 彩色多普勒时间分辨力time resolution of color doppler 彩色多普勒最低流速分辨力minimum flow-velocity of color doppler 彩色多普勒强度color doppler level 彩色多普勒处理功能板 CFM processing board 彩色视频监视器 color video monitor。