(.)秦秀白 大学英语c 课后翻译
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit
Unit7一、词汇短语Text Astrip[]n.窄条,条纹;带v.剥,剥去;剥光例句①England are playing in the blue and white strip.赛场上,英格兰队穿着蓝白色条纹的运动衣在打比赛。
②The doctor told me to strip down to my shorts.医生让我脱得只剩一条短裤。
词组strip sb.of sth.剥夺某人的(财产﹑荣誉等)deprive[]vt.使丧失,剥夺例句The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance.法庭裁决剥夺了我们全部的继承权。
词组deprive sb.of…剥夺某人的…,使某人丧失…;免去某人(职务)助记dep―深的(deep)的近似拼写;rive―河(river)的近似拼写。
记忆:这条很深的河夺去了她的生命。
派生deprivation n.剥夺;损失;免职curtail[]vt.缩减;剪短;剥夺…特权等例句The new government plans to curtail big government construction projects,a hallmark of the LDP.新政府计划减少大型政府建设工程,而这恰恰是自民党的特点。
suburban[]adj.郊区的,城郊的;土气的;见闻不广的n.郊区居民例句It travels on rails down a suburban road,and the cars travel underneath it.它会沿着郊区的路上轨道行驶,车辆可以在它下面穿行。
birch[]n.桦木;桦树;桦条clutter[]n.杂乱,混乱vt.使凌乱;胡乱地填满cosmetic[]adj.美容的;化妆用的n.化妆品;装饰品wardrobe[]n.衣柜,衣厨;行头,剧装,例句The red dress hung in her wardrobe.那件红裙子挂在她的衣柜里。
大学英语4 秦秀白版 cloze和翻译
第一章clozerealmelementalobtainstubbornlytransferredtransformedsubduedexpansionirreplaceableextinctdynamicvergemoderateecologicalrational翻译:1. The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear ofattacks from the enemy.2. In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advancedindustrial power.3. This company has evolved into one of the major chemical manufacturingbases in this region.4. Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will befurther devalued.5. The government's call for suggestions about the control of water pollutionproduced very little response from the citizens.6. The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government calledupon us to get prepared for floods.7. At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atombut now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles.8. The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spendingat least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9. The department store lost out because loans were very hard to come by andit could not start business on time.10. We can't go there for a walk because there is a navy base there, which isoff limits to tourists.第二章clozeemphasizeOppositeimprovedluxuriesbenefitedobviouslyconsciouslyfractureseternalgroundbreakingentitledcorrelationdependsexclusively翻译:1. He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, heseems to be quite ignorant.2. The latest survey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support/ supported the government's plan to build a new library.3. The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific andtechnological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.4. I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won'tcome to mind for the moment.5. He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hoursevery day on average.6. Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is irrelevant to whether hecan be a good lawyer or not.7. The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and isconvenient to use.8. These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is thattheir job is more dangerous.9. Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time shestudies philosophy as her second major.10. What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problemsby yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.第三章clozetopiccreatesreallygraspsureoppositecontradictoryrealityphysicalrigidityindividualhumilityrainbowfalsehood翻译:1. Most people strongly believe that the court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely.2. The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest for a cure for the disease.3. Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers.4. We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first year.5. The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed.6. To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to improve its services.7. He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month.8. The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government safety regulations.9. It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponent.10. Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use / employment of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude oil.第四章clozephysicalcompellednecessitysupportmentalidealizestatusvaluesclassifiedessentialmindattitudefortunate翻译:1. As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign her post as general manager (or: resign as general manager / resign from the post of general manager) of the company.2. She is very satisfied with her new job as it coincides with her interests.3. I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan.4. To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.5. The police have ruled out murder in the case of the old lady's death.6. The municipality (municipal government) promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.7. I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg.8. If you can get the support of the majority of the girls, you stand a good chance of winning the election and becoming Chairman of the Students Union.9. Not all the books he wrote were as successful as this one so I recommend that you borrow it from the library and read it.10. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang won the championship of the men's 110-meter hurdle and broke the world record, which had been previously held by an American athlete.第五章clozechasereputationdedicaterewardsufficientlymeasuredassureMomentarycelebritytargetfranklibertyillusoryregard翻译:1. He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.2. The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term.3. The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.4. She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.5. I’m afraid that you’ll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.6. To be frank, I don’t think you stand a good chance of getting promoted even if you are loyal to the company.7. It was obvious that his speech aroused the sympathy of the audience for the victims of the earthquake.8. Though he has repeatedly assured me of his ability to promote our company’s products, I’ll give him another interview before hiring him. 9. The company’s investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out.10. I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the peak in half an hour.第六章clozewithersensefaithfulcommitaspirationsgratitudedawnsaccumulatednourishmentpreoccupiedflowerstenderedweaveelevate翻译1. The ambassador to the U.N. was invested with full authority to deal with all the foreign affairs concerning his country on behalf of his government.2. All the way on the train I had been preoccupied with the result of the term examination until the conductor reminded me of the arrival of my destination.3. Although her husband's name did not appear on the list of the people who got killed in the traffic accident, she kept walking to and fro, anxious to see him back home sooner.4. I was setting out to translate the contract into English when it dawned upon me that both parties involved were Chinese companies.5. At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.6. With the great aspirations to become an astronaut, Jackson committed himself to the 2-year strenuous constitution training.7. His paintings, drawing on timeless fairy stories, exemplified the Europeans' taste of that period.8. The bus driver didn't want to take any responsibility for the accident and so he took every means to put the blame on the passengers on board.9. He not only risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house but made some room in his own house for him to settle down.10. From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standards of conduct.第七章clozeluxuriesfrugaltradingcurtailsplendidhobbiesimpulsebarewastefuldenydeprivationmaintainresolveconsumption翻译:1. She is a very capable housewife but she likes to purchase things on impulse. Her kitchen cabinets are always full of clutter that will eventually be discarded.2. University students should have the resolve to live a frugal lifestyle and should not try to keep up with the Joneses or follow trends and fads. They should know that only when you mind the pennies will the dollars take care of themselves.3. The couple are high-ranking executives of big companies. They eat out at least five days a week due to the lack of time for home cooking.4. The two signatures appear all of a piece. Even experienced experts may find it difficult to identify any difference between them.5. The editor of the journal cut out all the pictures attached to the article because the length of the article was restricted to only two pages.6. As a member of the standing committee, he has been tackling unemployment and traffic problems during the past three years.7. The old man made a will before his death, giving away all his savings to our school as scholarships, a decision sanctioned by his children.8. The doctor assured his patient that if he took the medicine three timesa day for three months without interruption, he would recover from the illness for good.9. Only when I looked back on my past experiences did I realize that my four-year period at university was the most care-free time in my life. 10. If we want to excel others in technological innovation, we must keep track of all the new ideas and developments in the field of science and technology.第八章clozedisasterssuredhastenedgentlyafflictedtenderparalyzedabandonmentsubtlepossessperceptionprocessionimposetravel-stained翻译:1. Fearing that she couldn't stand the blow, the police broke to the old woman as gently as possible the news of her son's death in the air crash.2. Investigations revealed that the road accident was caused solely by the driver who drove against traffic regulations.3. He is as mean as Shylock. When it comes to money, all the promises he's made to his friends count for nothing.4. Since last year, the company has been unable to sell its products, but it was the recent unsuccessful foreign trade deal that hastened its bankruptcy.5. He booked his ticket half a month in advance to assure himself of going back home on time to spend the Spring Festival with his family.6. At first, she had some worries about telling the truth. However, at length, she spoke out the secret that she had kept in her heart for several years.7. Helen tried to control her mood, but her trembling hands betrayed her nervousness.8. Annie was awarded a scholarship at school. When she told her parents the good news, she could not conceal her eagerness for praise from them though she claimed that it was nothing special at all.9. The leader of the rescue team told me under his breath that he had little hope of finding more survivors from the mine accident.10. In the early days of World War II, the German submarines ran riot in the Atlantic Ocean. However, when radar was invented in Britain, the Germans began to suffer heavy losses.。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(3)》【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit 5)【圣
Unit5一、词汇短语※Text Acyberspace[]n.虚拟信息空间;网络空间例句The laws of libel,privacy,and copyright still apply in cyberspace.关于诽谤,隐私和版权的法律也适用于网络空间。
peculiarly[]adv.特有地,特别地例句Hunting foxes is a peculiarly English sport.猎狐是英国人特有的运动。
counsel[]n.讨论,商议;辩护律师vt.劝告,忠告;建议例句I listened to an old man’s counsel.我听从了一个老人的劝告。
派生counselor n.顾问;法律顾问;参事(等于counsellor)counselling n.辅导;建议keyboard[]n.键盘vt.用键盘输入(信息)例句What do you think of the keyboard on this laptop?你觉得这种笔记本电脑的键盘怎么样?flunk[]n.失败,不及格vi.失败;放弃;考试不及格vt.使…不及格例句Several students have been flunked out.有几名学生因考试不及格而被迫退学。
词组flunk in an examination考试不及格virtual[]adj.虚拟的;实际上的,实质的例句She is the virtual president,though her title is secretary.虽然她的头衔是秘书,她是实际上的董事长。
decline[]n.下降;衰退;斜面vi.下降;衰落;谢绝vt.谢绝;婉拒例句I declined their offer of help.我谢绝了他们提出的帮助。
词组on the decline在走下坡路;在衰退中in decline在衰退中助记de(向下)+clin(弯曲)+e→向下弯曲→衰落派生declination n.倾斜;偏差;衰微secretarial[]adj.秘书的,书记的例句Good secretarial skills should enhance your chances of getting a job.出色的秘书工作技能会增加你找工作的机会。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》(课文精解 Unit 1)【圣才出品】
二、课文精解Text A1.Not only has man transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions,he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals.人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境,也改变了他生活环境的地貌和气候并使动植物因之而发生转变。
句子的主干为:not only has man transferred…,he has also changed…and transformed…;本句采用not only...but also句型引导的并列句,前半句中not only 置于句首,所以使用了倒装结构。
transfer sb./sth.from…to…把某事物/某人从…调动、转移到…。
例:He was transferred from Weston Hospital to Frenchay.他从韦斯顿医院转院到了法兰查。
climate既可指“气候”,又可指“氛围”,例:a tropical climate热带气候。
a favorable climate of opinion有利的舆论氛围。
transform改变;改造。
与change,alter,convert的区别是:transform指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化,失去原状成为全新的东西。
change 指任何变化,完全改变,强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。
alter常指轻微的改变,强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。
convert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。
也指信仰或态度时,强调较激烈、大的改变。
例:I believe she would transform me into a talker.我相信,她会把我这个沉默寡言的人变成个碎嘴子。
秦秀白 大学英语c课文翻译
课文参考译文(Text A)送给史蒂维的一点心意丹·安德森1 我力求不存偏见,不过在雇用史蒂维时我的确心存疑虑。
他的就业顾问向我保证,说他会成为出色、可靠的餐馆杂工。
我从未雇过智障的员工,是否要招收一位,我举棋不定。
我的顾客会有什么反应,我没有把握。
史蒂维是个矮个儿,胖墩墩的,如其他唐氏综合症患者一样,面部光滑,口齿不清。
2 对大多数来就餐的卡车司机们,我还是很放心的。
只要食物好,馅饼地道,他们基本不在乎谁收碗碟。
真正让我担心的是那些高谈阔论的大学走读生,那些因惧怕“路边餐馆的细菌”而用餐巾悄悄擦拭银餐具的雅皮士势利眼儿们,还有那些穿白色衬衫、使用公款消费、认为餐馆里每个女服务员都渴望调情的商务人员。
我知道,史蒂维在这里工作,他们会感到别扭,所以开头几个星期我密切地关注着他。
3 我的担心是多余的。
第一周过后,史蒂维就抓住了我每位员工的心。
不足一个月,我的老顾客−那些卡车司机们−就正式认定史蒂维为卡车司机休息站的吉祥人物。
自此以后,我不再介意其他顾客的看法了。
4 史蒂维21岁,蓝色牛仔裤,耐克运动鞋,满面笑容,讨人喜爱,极端地敬业。
他收拾好一张餐桌后,盐瓶和胡椒瓶归于原位,丝毫不差,桌面不见一点面包屑、一滴咖啡液。
5 我们唯一的问题是得说服他等待客人用餐完毕再去收拾桌子。
他总是在不起眼的地方守候,左右脚替换着支撑体重,眼睛巡视整个餐厅。
一看见哪张餐桌边的客人都离去,他立即赶过去,仔细地把碗碟收拾到餐车上,拿起抹布仔细地擦桌子,动作娴熟、夸张。
要是他觉得有顾客正在看他,他就会眉头紧锁,更加专注。
工作一丝不苟,这是他自豪的源泉。
他取悦面前的每一个人,那煞费苦心的劲头真是惹人喜爱。
6 后来,我们得知史蒂维和母亲一起生活。
他母亲是个寡妇,因患癌症经历多次手术而落下残疾。
母子俩靠社会保险金生活,住在离餐馆两英里以外的廉租房里。
社工人员偶尔登门看望,说他们母子生活着实艰辛贫困。
他们手头拮据,我所付的工资仅能保证母子俩相依为命,史蒂维才不至于沦落到被“集体之家”(为残障人士提供护理的机构)收容。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(3)》【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit 4)【圣
Unit4一、词汇短语※Text Aancestor[]n.祖先(女性为ancestress);原型,先驱vt.是…的祖先;给…提供祖系,为…续家谱例句Our grandfathers ancestored some of the well-known families in Beijing.我们的祖父辈是北京几家望族的祖先。
派生ancestry n.祖先;血统respect[]n.尊敬,敬重;方面;敬意vt.尊敬,尊重;遵守词组with respect to关于,谈到,尊敬,尊重;仔细考虑,顾及in respect of关于,涉及助记re(反复)+spect(看)→反复看→尊敬派生respectful adj.恭敬的;有礼貌的respectable n.可敬的人maternal[]adj.母亲的;母性的;母系的;母体遗传的例句The greatest love in the world is maternal love.母爱是世界上最伟大的爱。
rare[]adj.稀有的,珍奇地;稀薄的例句That bird is very rare in this country.那种鸟在这个国家很稀有。
助记稀有的(rare)东西要小心(care)对待。
人〈r〉是(are)稀有的高级动物。
派生rarely adv.很少地;难得;罕有地namely[]adv.即,也就是adj.有名的,著名的例句Only one boy can swim,namely Thomas.只有一个男孩会游泳,那就是托马斯。
descendant[]adj.下降的;祖传的n.后裔;子孙例句Today’s bicycles are descendants of the earlier velocipede.今天的自行车是从早期的脚踏车发展而来的。
助记来自descend(v.下来,下降)infancy[]n.幼年时代,婴儿期;初期,幼年期例句①He came to England in his infancy.他幼年就来到英国。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(3)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(3)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】Unit1一、词汇短语※Text Anotion[]n.概念,想法,意愿,打算例句State-control is a very un-American notion.实行国家控制是根本违背美国观念的。
词组have a good notion of很懂得have a notion that…认为助记not(知道)+ion(性质)→知道了→有一定概念派生notional adj.概念性的;想像的;抽象的;不切实际的criteria[]n.标准例句An experiment was made to check up on the reliability of certain criteria.已经进行了一项实验以检查某些标准的可靠性。
搭配evaluation criteria评估标准;评定标准quality criteria质量判据;质量准则setting[]n.安置;(太阳)落山;(固定东西的)框架,底座;环境例句This machine has two settings,fast and slow.这台机器的速度有快、慢两挡。
genuine[]adj.真实的,真正的;诚恳的例句All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience.一切真知都来源于直接经验。
助记音:真牛呢→真的牛,真的,天真,真诚派生genuineness n.真实,真正;真诚,真挚utility[]n.效用,有用之物adj.有多种用途的例句It is necessary to develop public utilities in western areas rapidly.有必要迅速发展西部地区的公共事业。
助记util(使用)+ity→效用,有用,实用impermanent[]adj.暂时的,非永久的例句We are reminded just how small and how impermanent we are.它让我们意识到我们有多么渺小,我们的生命是何其短暂。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(2)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Unit
Unit 4一、词汇短语※Text Apessimism [] n. 悲观,悲观情绪;厌世主义optimism [] n. 乐观,乐观主义例句He was still full of optimism for the future despite his many problems.他尽管有许多问题,但对未来十分乐观。
词组a mood of optimism乐观的气氛助记optim(联想optimum)+ism(主义,学派,教派)→经常寻找最适合条件的人是乐观的。
outlook [] n. 景色,风光;观点;展望,前景vt. 比…好看;用目光压倒vi. 朝外看例句My whole outlook on life has changed. 我的整个人生观已经改变。
词组outlook on 对…的看法;对…眺望sufficient [] adj. (for)足够的,充分的(比enough拘谨、正式)例句We have not sufficient information to state the exact damage.我们还没有充足的资料来说明确切的损失情况。
词组sufficient for充分的,足够的助记suf(在…下面)+fici(做)+ent(形容词后缀)→从下面一直做一充分的,足够的。
rational [] adj. 理性的,合理的例句No rational person would go to work in his pyjamas. 任何神智正常的人都不会穿睡衣去上班。
curse [] n. 诅咒,咒语vt. 诅咒,咒骂,使受罪例句He cursed the waiter who had spilled soup on him. 他咒骂那个把汤溅在他身上的男侍者。
词组be cursed with 受…折磨be under a curse 被诅咒,遭天灾助记克死(谐音)→诅咒;curse,克死(相克),咒诅;咒语。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】目录Unit 1 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 2 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 3 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 4 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 5 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 6 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 7 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案Unit 8 一、词汇短语 二、课文精解 三、全文翻译 四、练习答案弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录内容简介本书是《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》(第2版)的配套辅导用书,按照原教材的课次进行编写,每单元涉及词汇短语、课文精解、全文翻译以及练习答案内容。
词汇短语中精选每单元的重、难点词汇,每个词后除了释义,还给出了相应的例句,及一些常用的搭配、词组、助记方法等。
课文精解从文中选出重点句子及难以理解的句子加以讲解,其中包括对句子结构分析、相关知识点讲解和延伸。
全文翻译是在参阅了大量与教材相关用书的基础上总结编写而成的。
练习答案提供每单元习题的参考答案。
本书旨在帮助学生更好、更高效地学习和掌握教程中的重点及难点知识,具有很强的针对性和实用性。
在编写过程中,该书力求突出重点,答疑难点,语言言简意赅,讲解深入浅出,希望它能得到广大英语学习者的喜爱和认可。
弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Arealm [relm] n. 王国,国土;领域【例句】He was banished from the realm. 他被驱逐出境。
【词组】in the realm of 在…领域里【助记】real(真正的)+m→真正的好东西(如音乐、艺术)无国界→领地,范围dweller [dwelE] n. 居住者;居民subdue [sQb5dju:] v. 征服,克服,压制【例句】We subdued a desire to laugh.我们强忍住了笑。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(3)》【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit 2)【圣
Unit2一、词汇短语※Text Adefy[]vt.藐视;公然反抗;挑衅;使落空n.挑战;对抗例句If you defy the law,you may find yourself in prison.如果不服从法律,就可能会坐牢。
助记接近deny;de+fight反过来打→反抗。
given[]adj.沉溺的,有…倾向的;特定的,假设的;赠予的prep.考虑到v.给予(give的过去分词)例句①They were to meet at a given time and place.他们要在规定的时间和地点会晤。
②Given the government’s record on unemployment,their chances of winning the election look poor.鉴于政府在解决失业问题上成绩不佳,他们在选举中获胜机会似乎不大。
indulge[]v.纵容,迁就;沉迷,纵情享受;肆意从事例句His father sometimes indulges in a cigarette.他的父亲有时沉迷于抽烟。
词组indulge oneself/sb(with sth.)放纵自己[某人]助记in进入+dug(dig的过去分词)挖洞被埋进去了,陷进去了,比喻放纵欲望陷进去了。
派生indulgence n.嗜好;放纵;纵容;沉溺crush[]n.&v.压碎,压坏v.压服,压垮例句Her refusal crushed all our hopes.她一拒绝,我们的希望就全都破灭了。
词组get/have a crush on迷恋crush in压成,碾成;挤进,把…塞进助记音:磕+rush冲,磕磕碰碰地冲过去,汽车磕磕碰碰地冲过去,碾碎了很多东西。
moustache[]n.小胡子,八字须;(哺乳动物)触须例句When he was twenty years old,he began to have a moustache.当他二十岁的时候,他长了胡子。
秦秀白《新世纪大学英语综合教程(4)》(全文翻译 Unit 4)【圣才出品】
三、全文翻译Text A工作、劳动和玩耍威斯坦·H·奥登1就我所知,汉娜·阿伦特小姐是界定工作和劳动之间本质区别的第一人。
一个人要想快乐,第一要有自由感,第二要确信自己有价值。
如果社会迫使一个人去做他自己不喜欢的事,或者说,他所喜欢做的事被社会忽视,看作没有价值或不重要,那他就不会真正快乐。
在一个严格意义上已废除奴隶制的社会里,一个人做的事情是否具有社会价值取决于他是否为完成此项工作得到了报酬。
然而,今天的劳动者可以被称为名副其实的工资奴隶。
如果社会给一个人提供一份他本人不感兴趣的工作,他出于养家糊口的需要不得已才从事这项工作,那这个人就是一个劳动者。
2与劳动相对的是玩耍。
玩游戏时,我们能从中得到乐趣,否则就不会玩这个游戏。
但这完全是一种私人的活动,我们玩不玩这个游戏社会是不会关注的。
3处在劳动和玩耍之间的是工作。
如果一个人对社会为他支付报酬的工作感兴趣,他就是一个工作者。
从社会角度看是必需的劳动在他自己看来却是自愿的玩耍。
一个职位是劳动还是工作,并不取决于这个职位本身,而是取决于占据这个职位的个人自己的情趣。
这种差异与体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的差异并不吻合。
譬如,一个园丁或者鞋匠也许就是一个工作者,而一个银行职员则可能是一个劳动者。
一个人是工作者还是劳动者可以从他对闲暇的态度上看出来。
对于一个工作者来说,闲暇不过是他需要放松、休息从而进行有效工作的几个小时,所以,他可能只有少量的闲暇,而不会有大量的空闲。
工作者可能会死于心脏病,并会忘记自己妻子的生日。
而对于劳动者来说,闲暇就意味着摆脱强制,所以,他自然会想象:他不得不花费在劳动上的时间越少,而自由自在地玩耍的时间越多,那才越好。
4在一个现代化的技术社会里,总人口中有多大比例的人能够像我一样有幸成为工作者呢?我估计大概有16%,而且,我认为这个数字将来也不会增加。
5技术和劳动的分工成就了两件事:通过在许多领域取消了特别才能和技术的需要,把过去本来令人愉快的大量受雇职业的工作变成了令人厌倦的劳动;通过提高生产力,缩短了劳动所需的时间。
2018年英语专家秦秀白谈英语的学习方法-推荐word版 (1页)
2018年英语专家秦秀白谈英语的学习方法-推荐word版
本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!
== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==
英语专家秦秀白谈英语的学习方法
好学生都不是在课堂上由老师“教”出来,而是靠老师在课堂内外“导”
出来的。
就学习英语而言,不要把“宝”都押在课堂教学上,而要靠自学。
We live in and by language.要学会在生活中学英语。
生活的范围有多大,你的
英语学习天地就有多么宽广。
诚然,你周围的语言环境是汉语,但你完全可以
自己创造虚拟的“英语世界”。
常问问自己:这层意思或这个事物用英语该怎
么表达?在这种场合或情景下,“老外”会说些什么话?带着这类问题去读书,去请教他人,就能“立竿见影”。
有了这种意识,你就会发现:你走到哪里都
可以学英语,一辈子都在学英语。
要读大量的英文小说。
就英语学习而言,一部英文小说其实就是英语建构
的一个“虚拟世界”。
那里有人,有人的心灵和人与人之间关系的揭示,有人
与自然、与社会的冲突和调和。
走进一部英文小说,你实际上就已经“生活”
在一个“英语世界”里了,还愁没有东西可学?经典作品要读,写得好的当代
通俗小说也要读,因为后者的语言更新鲜,更有时代感。
大学英语综合教程2(秦秀白、张怀健版)课后练习答案
第一单元Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main Ideas1 Choose the best answer to complete each of the followingsentences according to the information contained in the listeningpassage.1 Before graduating from college, the speaker was asked to ________.A) make a piece of cake for the classB) write down people’s response to her smileC) observe how people smile at each otherD) act kindly to someone2 While waiting for her turn to get her breakfast at the local McDonalds, the speaker ________.A) was ready to serve the two poor homeless men who smelledB) saw a terrible dirty man standing in the lineC) found that a short gentleman was waiting for his mealD) noticed that a homeless man was smiling at her3 The two poor homeless men went to the local McDonalds to ________.A) warm themselves B) have their breakfastC) wait for someone D) search for a friendly smile4 At the sight of the two homeless men, the speaker ________.A) turned away from them to join her familyB) ordered for them two cups of hot coffeeC) bought them two breakfast mealsD) asked them what they wanted to eat5 After the speaker turned in her “project,” the speaker’s professor and her classmates ________.A) had a heated discussion about smileB) exchanged their unusual experiencesC) were deeply touched by her smileD) were greatly moved by her storyTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording carefully and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1 The speaker is a mother of three and has recently completed her college degree . The last project the professor assigned her to do was to go out and smile at three people and then write down their reaction .2 Soon after she was assigned the project, she went with her family to the local McDonalds on a cold March morning . Just when they were standing in line,waiting to be served, she smelled a horrible “dirty body” smell . Two poor homeless men were also standing in line. They just wanted to sit in the restaurant and warm up , so they only asked for coffee . Obviously, it was all they could afford.3 Then she was suddenly filled with sympathy . All eyes in the restaurant were set on her, judging her every action . She smiled and bought the two homeless men two breakfast meals .4 She returned to college, with this story in hand. She turned in her “ project .” Her professor read it to the whole class. The whole class was touched . She graduated with one of the biggest lessons she would ever learn —UNCONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE .Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) Why didn’t the author stop for the hitchhiker?He thought that someone else would stop for him. And he was afraid of a possible robbery.2) Did he feel guilty for not helping the young man?No. He didn’t. But he was bothered by his easy and quick decision of leaving the young man stranded alone in the desert.3) Why did the author decide to start his journey across America pennilessly? He wanted to test if a person could still rely solely on the kindness of strangers or the good will of his fellow Americans these days.4) What did he discover as he travelled?He found out that others shared his fear. Yet they still stubbornly helped strangers like him.5) What had happened to the trucker the author met on a rainy day?He was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker.6) What conclusion did the author draw from his experiences mentioned in Paras. 15–18?He found that people were generally compassionate. And those who had the least to give often gave the most.7) Why did Carol invite the author to talk to her class about his trip?She thought the children should be exposed to what else was out there — the good and the bad.8) What conclusion did the author make about his trip when he talked to the students?He concluded that his faith in America had been renewed and that people could still depend on the kindness of strangers.2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1–7; Main Idea: Because of a past experience of neglecting a hitchhiker in need of help, the author decided to travel across America without any money to find out if one could still rely on the kindness of strangers these days.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 8–28; Main Idea: During his trip, he found out that people were generally compassionate and willing to help although they might have fears.Part: Three; Paragraph(s):29-31; Main Idea: He talked to school children and concluded in a patriotic manner that in America people could still depend on the kindness of strangers.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. (Para. 1) By doing so, the young man was telling the passing drivers that he wanted to hitchhike as his car had run out of gas.2) The week I turned 37, I realized I’d never taken a gamble in my life. (Para. 7)This week I would be 37 years old, yet I realized that I had always been very careful in my life and I had never taken a risk, for example, trusting on the kindness of others.3) It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. (Para. 7)The author is being a bit sarcastic here. He would take no money with him and travel across the US, where it is believed that money can do everything and anything. The phrase "almighty dollar" is a playful allusion to the familiar term "Almighty God"4) Yet I was treated with kindness in every state I traveled. I was amazed by the stubborn capacity of Americans to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. (Para. 11)I was amazed by the continual show of kindness of my fellow Americans, even though helping a stranger would mean taking a risk.5) I didn’t know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. (Para. 13)The author had mixed feelings: whether to kiss the two women for their kindness, or give them a lesson by cautioning them not to trust any stranger, for they could have run into a bad person instead of himself.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.1) c2) d3)a4) j5)h6)b7) e8) i9) g10) f2 A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. Write S before each pair of synonyms and A before each pair of antonyms. The first word in each pair is taken from Text B and the corresponding paragraph number has been indicated for you.Example: S virtually, almost (Para. 1)1) S govern, control (Para. 3)2) S signal, sign (Para. 4)3) S participate, join (Para. 5)4) A heave, lower (Para. 6)5) S collapse, fall (Para. 7)6) S establish, found (Para. 10)7) S locate, situate (Para. 10)8) A occasional, frequent (Para. 15)Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.1) What is the author and his wife’s opinion about becoming a true friend to someone whose name they don’t know?The author and his wife used to think that it was virtually impossible to be a true friend to someone whose name they didn’t know. But now they realize they were wrong. Years of Sunday-morning bus trip through the city with the same “nameless” people have completely changed their thinking.2) Why does the author say that taking the Sunday-morning bus trip requires teamwork though they don’t know each other’s names?There is always the same group of regular passengers. The bus driver and the passengers acted routinely with due care and attention, as if they were cooperating in a team. The driver should perform his duties well and the passengers should obey the written and unwritten rules. There should be no smoking, no littering, and everyone should behave in a polite and decent manner. Under such circumstances, names are no longer important.3) What can we learn about the silent woman from Para. 5?The silent woman always sits up front and never responds to others’ greetings. Her worn clothing suggests that she is not rich. However, she is considerate enough to bring the bus driver a cup of coffee each time she takes the bus ride.4) Why does the factory security guard always slump down in his seat with his eyes closed?He has just come off a long night shift and he feels sleepy and tired.5) Why was the bus very late one Sunday morning?On that morning a regular passenger collapsed on the sidewalk as he was moving forward to board the bus. The other passengers tried to help him and waited with him for an ambulance to arrive.6) What do you know about the Mexican couple?The Mexican couple love each other very much. They always board the bus hand in hand and are still holding hands when they get off the bus. The woman was pregnant late last year and now they have a new baby. All the regular passengers feel happy for the young Mexican couple.7) Why do the passengers enjoy the company of a group of Haitians?The Haitians have a great sense of fun. The passengers are all delighted to have their company. They always chuckle and nod when the Haitians are all aboard.8) Why is the woman who sits up front always silent?She has a speech impediment. Talking is hard for her.9) What do you know about the silent woman’s family life?She is a single mother with a disabled son who is receiving special care away from home. She lives alone and feels lonely and misses her son very much. The Sunday-morning bus ride is the best thing she does all week, and an occasional visit to the fish restaurant is almost as good as the second best thing. She rides the Sunday-morning bus simply for the companionship of the driver whose name she doesn't know, but who appreciates the hot coffee she brings.10) How did the author and his wife feel about the dinner with the silent woman?They all had a wonderful time. For the silent woman, an occasional visit to the fish restaurant was a pleasant experience and this time it was even better with the companionship of the author and his wife. The author and his wife alsoenjoyed the dinner and they felt that the fish had never tasted better. When they left the restaurant, they were already friends with each other. And they shared their names.2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information contained in Text B. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.1) T On Sundays the author and his wife take the bus to go to church regularly for years.2) F The bus driver is required to remember the stop of every regular passenger.(He is not required to do so. But he makes it his business to remember where every regular passenger should get off the bus.)3) F The silent woman always gets the driver a cup of coffee because she is well-off.(The worn clothing of the silent woman suggests she doesn’t have much money to spare, but she always clutches an extra cup of coffee for the driver.)4) F The driver has to wake up the factory security guard every time and reminds him of getting off the bus.(The security guard closes his eyes until the precise moment that the bus approaches his stop. Then, he opens his eyes and gets off the bus.)5) T The rotund fellow is very grateful because other people have helped him.6) T The passengers enjoy their ride together and words or names are not necessary to them.7) F The author and his wife developed a good relationship with the silent woman after taking the same bus for some months.(For many months, the only sadness for the author and his wife is that they can’t establish the same rapport wit h the silent woman.)8) F They found their fish tasted better because they shared a good dinner with the silent woman.(They found their fish tasted better because they had finally learned the story of the silent woman and made friends with her.)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.1) My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people.2) Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world.3) The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift .4) The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm.5) A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I’d like to post a letter.”6) The little girl’s capacity for learning languages astonished me.7) How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games?8) I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic.9) They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce .10) They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.11) In many cultures, the lion is the symbol of courage.12) Your help was greatly appreciated . We are very grateful to you for it.13) It’s the first time the painting has been displayed to the public.14) During the exam, the naughty boy tried to slip a note to his classmate while the teacher w asn’t looking.15) As the saying goes, conquer the desires, or they will conquer you.16) Before the dinner party, Mother has ordered a roast from the butcher.17) I didn’t wait for you at home because I figured that you wouldn’t come.2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) In this painting, a single red rose stands in rich contrast to the grassland.2) The factory workers are exposed to poisonous gases and many of them suffer from lung diseases.3) During the war, the soldier risked his life helping others to escape.4) Do trust me. You can rely on me to keep your secret.5) If you are attacked or robbed at knifepoint , how would you react then?6) She is such an extraordinary girl that she always stands out in a crowd.7) Obviously, this foolish idea runs contrary to common sense(常识).8) I was very tired and had to flag down a taxi in order to get home early.9) The mother picks/picked up her children from the kindergarten at 5:00 p.m. every day.10) The publishers took a gamble on an unknown author, and the books have sold well.11) The driver waved to us as he pulled away .12) The driver pulled over to the side of the road to see what was wrong with his truck.Increasing Your Word Power1 CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.1) No need to thank me — I was just glad to help out a friend.2) Yesterday a drunken man was run over and killed by a bus.3) When I look back on my college days, I can’t believe the crazy things we did as students.4) He looks down on his colleagues because he has a PhD degree but they don’t have.5) A policeman was standing by the side of the road, signaling to me to pull over .6) Peter didn’t have anywhere to stay so Sarah put him up for a few days.7) Don’t worry. Everything will turn out well.8) You promised you would do it. Why did you go back on your word?9) Their business was losing money so they had to close down .10) You can’t miss him. That haircut makes him stand out in a crowd.11) I gave up smoking when I got pregnant.12) The doctor checked her over yesterday. All the tests were OK and she seemed to be fine.13) She tends to hang back in a crowd because she is so shy.14) What problems should I watch out for when buying an old house? I don’t want to be cheated.15) They offered her the job but s he didn’t like it and turned it down .16) It’s hard to comfort Sandra. She doesn’t seem able to get over her mother’s death.2 Study the different meanings of the word than in the following sentences.Task: Now put the following sentences into English, using than in your translation.1) 行动比言语更响亮。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
TranslationUnit1当时大家生活都很艰难,我们家靠我开出租车的收入勉强度日。
一天深夜我接到要车电话,令我吃惊的是,到达那个地址时发现是一位柔弱的老太太在等我。
她上车后,我便与她攀谈起来。
我了解到她要去安养院,医生说她的时间不多了。
老太太叫我开车穿过市中心。
她指着一些老房子告诉我那是她曾居住或工作过的地方。
最后当车子停在安养院门口时,我没有接收她的车费。
在那天余下的时间里我陷入了沉思:虽然我得谋生,但是生活的意义不仅仅是为了生存。
当周遭情形一片阴暗时,我的一个小小善举可能就是一束烛光,尽管烛火微弱,却温暖了一颗心灵,也令我高尚。
我真的为自己的小小善举感到自豪。
That was a time when life was difficult for everyone. My family could barely get by on my small income from driving a cab. One late night I responded to a call for a cab ride. To my surprise, when I arrived at the address, I found it was a frail old lay who was awaiting me. After she got into the cab, I engaged her in conversation.I learnt that she was going to the hospice. Her doctor said she didn’t have very long. The old lady told me to drive through the downtown area. She pointed at some old buildings, telling me those were the places where she used to work or live. When the cab finally pulled up in front of the hospice, I didn’t accept her fare. In the rest of the day, I was lost in thought. Though I had to make a living, I lived not for the sole purpose of surviving. When circumstances looked gloomy, the small favour I had done could be a candle light. However faint the light was, it managed to warm up a soul and ennobled me as well. I did take pride in that small favour. Unit2晚饭后,我们大家围坐在壁炉(hearth)旁。
苏珊姨妈还沉浸在失去罗伯特姨父的悲伤之中。
她轻声讲起了他俩从前的岁月。
订婚不久,姨父就去参军了。
考虑到当时的严峻形势,许多军人无法生还,你就可以想象姨妈每天有多恐惧。
而当姨父从欧洲战场平安返回时姨妈甭提有多开心了。
之后,他们结婚成家,抚育了五个孩子。
这么多年来,在共同克服生活的艰辛磨难的过程当中,夫妻间的感情越来越深。
我被姨妈的故事深深迷住了,这完全不同于我理想中的爱情。
在日常生活中,他们并不追求激情浪漫,并没有牢骚满腹,而是实践着“付出”和“分享”。
令人感慨的是,这样的爱延续了一辈子。
After dinner, we all sat around the hearth. Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert. In her soft voice she told us about their past years. Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged. Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didn’t return alive, you can imagine how much horrified Aunt Susan was every day, and how much overjoyed she was to see Uncle Robert back safe and sound from the European battlefield. Then they got married and brought up five children. For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life. I was fascinated by Aunt Susan’s story, which was totally different from my ideal of love. They practiced, in their daily life, giving and sharing instead of pursuing passion and romance, or making complaints. Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life.Unit3大家普遍认为人是社会性的动物,生活在同一社会的我们自然指望有朋友。
至于什么是友谊,我们已经学习了古希腊大哲学家亚里士多德、古罗马政治家西塞罗各自不同的定义。
这种不可否认有些人交朋友仅仅是为了彼此有用,一旦失去这个基础,这种友谊也就中止了。
但更多的人渴望“心灵之友(soul pats)" ,即那种拥有高尚情操,能共度磨难的朋友。
这样的友谊使我们远离贪欲、暴力,鼓励我们敢于按照自己的信念说话和做事。
这样的友谊才是我们说的“真挚的友谊”。
正是由于这些朋友的相伴,我们发现自己总在超越原来的自己,成为更好的人。
As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognised that humans are social animals. Living together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends. As to what friendship is, we have read different definitions given by Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher,and Cicero, a Roman statesman. No one will deny that some people make friends simply for mutual utility. Once the ground for such friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up. However, a lot more people long for “soul pals”— those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together. Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and inspire us to have the courage of our convictions. Such is what we call “truefriendship”. It is with such friends’ company that we find ourselves surpassing our old selves and becoming better persons / people.Unit4一枚金牌证明了奥运冠军的运动才能、决心和勇气。
那么这些运动员又是如何让自己有幸获得如此巨大的荣耀呢?登上领奖台的冠军们能用他们自己的亲身经历为我们提供答案。
首先,在训练的时候,他们就把自己想象成冠军。
一旦有了冠军的梦想,他们就勇敢地坚守梦想。
此外,优秀的运动员内心迫切地要发挥最佳潜能。
他们严于律己,挤出每天的每一分钟去练习。
尽管他们锲而不舍,有时还有可能失败或者因毫厘之差与金牌失之交臂,但是他们相信自己,不灰心。
他们时刻准备接受心理上,技巧上最具挑战性的任务或比赛。
事实上,为了获得毕生中那至关重要的机会,所有的冠军都经历过很多的艰难困苦。
因此,我们不会说也不能说冠军是幸运的。
好运毕竟只眷顾那些准备好迎接好运的人。
A gold medal is a tribute to the athletic talent, determination and courage of an Olympic champion. Then how do the athletes make themselves fortunate enough to be so highly honored? The champions who have mounted the winners’ stand can offer an answer based on their own experiences. First, in the course of training, they visualize themselves as champions. Once their dreams of becoming champions take shape, they will cling to them courageously. What’s m ore, top performers are driven to bring out their best. They discipline themselves and s queeze in every possible minute to practice every day. Despite their relentless efforts, they may sometimes fail to win or narrowly miss a gold medal, yet they believe in themselves and never lose heart. They are ready to take on the most psychologically and technically challenging tasks or competitions. In reality, all champions have experienced lots of hardships on their way to the vital break of their lifetime. So we won’t and can’t say that a champion is lucky. After all, luck only strikes those prepared to capitalize on it.Unit5我们都想要健康,在应对各种严峻挑战时想要自己处于最佳状态:健康方面的好建议并不少:例如:均衡饮食睡眠充足以及每周安排一些时间做运动:一门新学科一一时间生物学一一为我们提供了一个能取得最佳效率的新方法:这个方法就是协调我们的日常活动与自身身体能力:我们将每一天中每隔四小时所测得的六个体温读数标记在坐标纸上,让自己熟悉以下信息:我的体温何时开始上升,何时体温升至最高,何时降到最低。