虚拟语气讲解与练习(可用)

虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气的作用：1、表示与事实相反的或难以实现的情况2、表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感。

虚拟语气的用法：用在简单句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句中。

二、虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令.

May you be happy. May you have a good time.

May the friendship between us last long. Have a good journey!

三、虚拟语气用在主语从句中的用法

(1) 表情绪观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising. funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。 It is.....that 结构后的主语从句中的谓语动词都要用 should+原型或只用动词原型。It's natural that he should feel hurt.

(2) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (过去时或should + 动词原形)...。

It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home.

(3) It be + 过去分词＋that... (should)。该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词：

desired, suggested, advised, demanded, requested, ordered, proposed, insisted等。与以上词语有关的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句都需要用虚拟语气。

It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month.

四、虚拟语气用在宾语从句中的用法

1、在wish后的用法

a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。

b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done(动词过去分词） I wish I had known the truth of the matter.

c、表示将来难以实现的愿望：谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形I wish I should have a chance again.

2、虚拟语气用在希望、要求、建议和命令后的用法

一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advise. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”

He suggested that we (should) take his advice. The police insisted that we (should) hand in the money. 注：（1）insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气，如果翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。

He insist he is a student. He insisted that he didn’t steal the knife.

（2） suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示、说明”则不用虚拟语气。

His face suggests that he is worried . What he said suggested that he was not the thief.

五、虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后要使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词为：should + 动词原形，连接从句的that不能省略。

My suggestion is that we should go there at once. My suggestion that he should go there at once is reasonable. The order was that all the work be finished in two days. The order came that all the work be finished in two days.

六、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： if+主语+did/be(were)+其他，主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他（1）If I were you, I would take an umbrella. （2）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. （3）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.

（4）If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. （5）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.

2、表示与过去事实相反的情况： if+主语+had done +其他，主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他（1） If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.