高一英语必修三 宾语从句资料讲解
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一般疑问句：Is he a writer ? 我想知道他是否是个作家吗？
I wonder whether / if he is a writer .
陈述句：He is a writer . 老师说他是个作家。
My teacher says ( that) he is a writer .
Exercise Combine the following sentences
1、Mark Twain was born in Florida . 2、I was told ...
I was told ( that ) Mark Twain was born in Florida .
1、Are you an American ? 2、Roderick asked Henry ...
I ask if/whether he wants to go swimming.
特殊疑问句做宾语
我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？
特殊疑问句做宾语
我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？
I wonder
Which tie do you like best
特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序 连接词就是疑问词本身
I wonder which tie you like best?
Where he lives 4.What language does she speak? What language she speaks
5.Why do you like pandas? Why you like pandas
特殊疑问句：Who is he ? 我不知道他是谁。
I don‘t know who he is .
1、当陈述句作宾语时 结构:主句+that + 从句
2. 当一般疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+ if(whether) +从句
3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+特殊疑问词+从句
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），由连词that引导。that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略。
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应 的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进 行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时） ❖I knew who lived here. ❖I saw she was talking with her mother. ❖He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. ❖He said that he had seen it .
宾语从句
The Object Clause
什么是宾语从句 宾语从句的分类 宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的时态
一 什么 是宾语从句？
试比较
我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming．
主s 谓v 宾o
我们 知道
他是一个著名的篮球运动员
We know that he is a famous basketball player
5. I didn’t know what time he _w__r_o_t_e_ the letter. (write)
六、小结
that（陈述句 ）
宾 引导词 if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
语
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
从
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
句 时态
一般过去时 过去将来时
三
主句为一般过去时 从句 过去进行时
C. where she lives
D. where she live
2. His parents wanted to know what he __B____at
that time.
A. is doing C. has done
B. was doing D. will do
3.—We don’t know __C____.
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。
❖The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
1. The radio says it __w_i_l_l _b_e cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything _g__o_e_s_ well. (go)
4. 介词之后用whether。如：
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
Practice time
if / whether
1. I asked her _i_f_/_w__h_e_th_e_r she had a bike.
There is a shop near here.
2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序
Is there a shop near here?
宾语从句必须用 陈__述__语___序_
一般疑问句做宾语
我问他是否想去游泳
I ask
Does he want to go swimming?
1, 改为陈述语序， 2，用if/whether连接
2. We’re worried about ________ he is
safe.
whether
3. I don’t know ___________ he is well
or not.
whether /if
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is
well.
whether
将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
1.Is there a bank near here?
There is a bank near here
2.Are they doing homework? They are doing homework
将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 3. Where does he live?
e.g. I can’t say (that) I have any plans. Do you think (that) it’s genuine?
练一练 1. I think (that) __I’_l_l _b_e_o_n__m_y__w_a_y___. （我要上路了）
2. I’m afraid (that)_I__d_o_n_’t_q_u_i_te__fo_l_lo_w__y_o_u__. （我不太明白你的意思）
主s 谓v
主s
谓v
宾o
连接词
宾o
宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的 宾语，并有一个连接词引导。
二、宾语从句的分类
1、做动词的宾语 e.g. We know you’re harding-working.
2、做介词的宾语 e.g. I’m really interested in what is happening.
-- It is said that he was born in Canada.
A. what he is
B. when he was born
C. where he comes from D. if he lives here
Байду номын сангаас
4．Linda said the moon_C__ round the earth. ?
3、做形容词的宾语
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是 宾语从句 e.g. I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount of money.
三、连接词（引导词）
宾语从句结构： 主句 +连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
注意以下情况只用whether，不用if。
1. whether引导的从句常可以与or或or not直接连用。
如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let me know if you can come or not. Let me know if or not you can come.
要
客观真理 自然现象
过去完成时
素
公式定理 名言警句 时态不变
语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
巩固练习：
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
１．Do you know _______C___________?
A. where does she live B. she lives where
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
❖I know he lives here . ❖I know he lived here ten years ago . ❖I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled
❖Do you know what he said just now ? ❖ I don’t remember when we arrived . ❖ I asked him where I could get so much money .
四、宾语从句的语序
句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序
3. Tom says that they _w__e_r_e_p__la_ying (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
4. I hear they _h_a_v_e__r_e_t_u_rned (return) it already.
Roderick asked Henry whether / if he was an American . 1、How is that possible ? 2、Oliver wants to know...
Oliver wants to know how that is possible .
五、宾语从句的时态
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：
I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. I don’t know if to accept or refuse.
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if 引导（口语中常用if），意为“是否”，具有一定 的意义，所以不能省略
例如：
I didn’t know whether (if) I could survive until morning.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
5. I don’t know _______ to go.
whether
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代 词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连 接副词（when, where, how, why）引导， 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一 定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以 不可以省略
I wonder whether / if he is a writer .
陈述句：He is a writer . 老师说他是个作家。
My teacher says ( that) he is a writer .
Exercise Combine the following sentences
1、Mark Twain was born in Florida . 2、I was told ...
I was told ( that ) Mark Twain was born in Florida .
1、Are you an American ? 2、Roderick asked Henry ...
I ask if/whether he wants to go swimming.
特殊疑问句做宾语
我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？
特殊疑问句做宾语
我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？
I wonder
Which tie do you like best
特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序 连接词就是疑问词本身
I wonder which tie you like best?
Where he lives 4.What language does she speak? What language she speaks
5.Why do you like pandas? Why you like pandas
特殊疑问句：Who is he ? 我不知道他是谁。
I don‘t know who he is .
1、当陈述句作宾语时 结构:主句+that + 从句
2. 当一般疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+ if(whether) +从句
3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+特殊疑问词+从句
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），由连词that引导。that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略。
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应 的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进 行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时） ❖I knew who lived here. ❖I saw she was talking with her mother. ❖He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. ❖He said that he had seen it .
宾语从句
The Object Clause
什么是宾语从句 宾语从句的分类 宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的时态
一 什么 是宾语从句？
试比较
我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming．
主s 谓v 宾o
我们 知道
他是一个著名的篮球运动员
We know that he is a famous basketball player
5. I didn’t know what time he _w__r_o_t_e_ the letter. (write)
六、小结
that（陈述句 ）
宾 引导词 if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
语
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
从
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
句 时态
一般过去时 过去将来时
三
主句为一般过去时 从句 过去进行时
C. where she lives
D. where she live
2. His parents wanted to know what he __B____at
that time.
A. is doing C. has done
B. was doing D. will do
3.—We don’t know __C____.
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。
❖The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
1. The radio says it __w_i_l_l _b_e cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything _g__o_e_s_ well. (go)
4. 介词之后用whether。如：
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
Practice time
if / whether
1. I asked her _i_f_/_w__h_e_th_e_r she had a bike.
There is a shop near here.
2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序
Is there a shop near here?
宾语从句必须用 陈__述__语___序_
一般疑问句做宾语
我问他是否想去游泳
I ask
Does he want to go swimming?
1, 改为陈述语序， 2，用if/whether连接
2. We’re worried about ________ he is
safe.
whether
3. I don’t know ___________ he is well
or not.
whether /if
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is
well.
whether
将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
1.Is there a bank near here?
There is a bank near here
2.Are they doing homework? They are doing homework
将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 3. Where does he live?
e.g. I can’t say (that) I have any plans. Do you think (that) it’s genuine?
练一练 1. I think (that) __I’_l_l _b_e_o_n__m_y__w_a_y___. （我要上路了）
2. I’m afraid (that)_I__d_o_n_’t_q_u_i_te__fo_l_lo_w__y_o_u__. （我不太明白你的意思）
主s 谓v
主s
谓v
宾o
连接词
宾o
宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的 宾语，并有一个连接词引导。
二、宾语从句的分类
1、做动词的宾语 e.g. We know you’re harding-working.
2、做介词的宾语 e.g. I’m really interested in what is happening.
-- It is said that he was born in Canada.
A. what he is
B. when he was born
C. where he comes from D. if he lives here
Байду номын сангаас
4．Linda said the moon_C__ round the earth. ?
3、做形容词的宾语
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是 宾语从句 e.g. I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount of money.
三、连接词（引导词）
宾语从句结构： 主句 +连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句
注意以下情况只用whether，不用if。
1. whether引导的从句常可以与or或or not直接连用。
如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let me know if you can come or not. Let me know if or not you can come.
要
客观真理 自然现象
过去完成时
素
公式定理 名言警句 时态不变
语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
巩固练习：
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
１．Do you know _______C___________?
A. where does she live B. she lives where
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
❖I know he lives here . ❖I know he lived here ten years ago . ❖I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled
❖Do you know what he said just now ? ❖ I don’t remember when we arrived . ❖ I asked him where I could get so much money .
四、宾语从句的语序
句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序
3. Tom says that they _w__e_r_e_p__la_ying (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
4. I hear they _h_a_v_e__r_e_t_u_rned (return) it already.
Roderick asked Henry whether / if he was an American . 1、How is that possible ? 2、Oliver wants to know...
Oliver wants to know how that is possible .
五、宾语从句的时态
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：
I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. I don’t know if to accept or refuse.
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if 引导（口语中常用if），意为“是否”，具有一定 的意义，所以不能省略
例如：
I didn’t know whether (if) I could survive until morning.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
5. I don’t know _______ to go.
whether
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代 词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连 接副词（when, where, how, why）引导， 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一 定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以 不可以省略