定语从句：精讲精例精练(完整版)
定语从句精讲精练
定语从句精讲精练(一)关系代词的选用1.首先找准先行词，并弄清先行词是人还是物。
2.必须弄清先行词在从句中所作的成分，这是选择关系代词的关键。
⑴先行词指人，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用who/that; as；⑵先行词指物，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用that/which/as;⑶先行词指人、指物、并在从句中作表语，关系代词用that/as/who/which;⑷先行词指句子，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词用which,as；⑸先行词是“时间名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用when;⑹先行词是“地点名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用where;⑺先行词是reason ，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用why;⑻先行词指人、物，并在从句中作定语，用whose,指物时，可与 the＋名词＋of which互换；⑼先行词是way,manner等词，关系代词用that，in which,亦可省略；⑽关系代词前有介词时，关系代词用which(指物),who(指人)。
3.选择关系代词时应注意的几点：⑴that 不能放在介词之后作宾语， which,who则可以，如介词在句子后面时，也可用that,也可省略。
This is the room in which we lived last year.=This is the room we lived in last year.这是我们去年住过的房间。
⑵that不能引导非限定性定语从句，其它关系词可以，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。
We walked down the village street,where they were having market day.我们沿着村子的大街走去，村民们正在那里赶集。
2022届高考英语语法精讲精练：定语从句
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（定语从句）考点清单一、关系代词that和which要点精讲1：1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语；2.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（that相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合：①先行词既为人又为物时；②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时；③先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时；④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7. (2018·全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案与解析】1. that。
定语从句精讲精练
定语从句 2012、3、13
基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义
指代人 who, whom, that 指代事物 which, that, as 所属关系 whose 指地点 where 关 指时间 when 系 指原因 why 副 词 关 系 代 词
归 纳 总 结
考点归纳&高考题练习
观察思考
that 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? that 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. that 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her which money, has been stolen. which 5) She heard a terrible noise， ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
先行词前有thatonly, the very, the
等词修饰时,用that
that , which or who?
1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me. that 2.This is the very thing _______ I am after. that 3.We talked about the men and the things _______ that we remembered at school. that 4.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say. that 6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked that with. 7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate. that 8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth. that
定语从句讲解练习完整版
定语从句精讲点拨一，定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red如果定语是句子，便称为定语从句。
I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)→I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。
这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。
☆总结：关系词有三个作用：1、;2、；3、。
二，关系代词的句法功能观察下列句子，找规律：This is the pen that you are looking for. 这是你要找的那支钢笔。
(宾语)The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。
（主语）1．that指或，在定语从句中可作或。
The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well.天津产的自行车销售很好。
（主语）The fish which we bought were not fresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。
(宾语)2．which指，在定语从句中可作或。
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.打碎窗户的男孩叫Tom. （主语）The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。
(宾语)He is the old man who/whom we looked after last year.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。
高考英语必考语法点精讲精练：定语从句(含高考真题)
7. I have borrowed many books. Many of them are about music. I have borrowed many books, many of which are about music. 8. There are 50 students in their class. Most of them are from Tonglu. There are 50 students in their class, most of whom are from Tonglu.
真题重现：
1. （2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. 2. 【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of
（一）、Relative pronoun（关系代词）
充当成分 主语 宾语 定语
指人 who/ that/ as whom/ who/that/ as
whose
指物 which/ that/ as that/ which/ as
whose
关系代词的作用：
1、连接作用，连接主、从句； 2、指代作用，指代先行词，与先行词保持意义一致； 3、充当成分，在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
3. We paid a visit to the city museum and some places of interest. This trip made me have a deeper insight into the English society, culture and history.
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
高考英语(精讲+精练+精析)专题10 定语从句习题(含解析)1
专题10 定语从句【2017年高考命题预测】高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。
因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。
预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布（1）考纲要求定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
（2）命题规律一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【考点pk】名师考点透析考点1：关系代词一览表关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who 人主语Do you know the man who is talkingwith your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关whom 人宾语Mr. Smith i s the person with whomI am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in thewar..whose 人，物定语I like those books whose topics areabout history.The boy whose father works abroad ismy desk mate.系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatthat 人，物主语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which 物主语宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as 人，物主语宾语He is such a person as is respectedby all of us.This is the same pen as I lostyesterday.as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when wemet there.可用onwhichwhere 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用inwhichwhy 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why heturned down my offer.可用forwhich考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别that和which的用法区别:在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。
初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习
初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法（一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
定语从句精讲精练
定语从句精讲精练定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) (2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the veryperson that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is theboy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词已用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that Who is the person that is standing at the gate?4.as引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
定语从句精讲精练55页PPT
谢谢！
36、自己的鞋子，自己知道紧在哪里。——西班牙
37、我们唯一不会改正的缺点是软弱。——拉罗什福科
xiexie! 38、我这个人走得很慢，但是我从不后退。——亚伯拉罕·林肯
39ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ勿问成功的秘诀为何，且尽全力做你应该做的事吧。——美华纳
40、学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。——孔子
定语从句精讲精练
36、“不可能”这个字(法语是一个字 )，只 在愚人 的字典 中找得 到。--拿 破仑。 37、不要生气要争气，不要看破要突 破，不 要嫉妒 要欣赏 ，不要 托延要 积极， 不要心 动要行 动。 38、勤奋，机会，乐观是成功的三要 素。(注 意：传 统观念 认为勤 奋和机 会是成 功的要 素，但 是经过 统计学 和成功 人士的 分析得 出，乐 观是成 功的第 三要素 。
(完整word版)中考定语从句精讲+练习答案
中考定语从句精讲一、定语从句的概念(参照行知先下P118 127)在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等，关系副词包where, when, why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
关系词的三个作业：1•引导定语从句 2.代替先行词3•在定语从句中担当一个成分。
定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的名(代)词叫作先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。
1. The students (who don ' t study hard) will not pass the exam.先行词定语从句主句：The students will not pass the exam2. The woma n (who you saw in the park) is our En glish teacher.先行词定语从句主句:The woman is our English teacher3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句： A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语：which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句：The book is on the desk从句的主语：you 从句的宾语：that引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom 等。
关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the n ext room.主语I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me).宾语三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
定语从句精讲精练
我们 买的蔬 菜都 不太新 鲜 了。（ 作宾语 ） ３ ｗｏ ． ｈ 指人 ，在定语从 句 中作 主语 或宾 语 。注意关系代词 ｗ ｏ 也指人 ， ｈｍ， 在定 语从句 中只作 宾语 ， 一般 可 以与 ｗ ｏ 换 ， ｈ互 但在 介词 后 只用 ｗ ｏ ｈ ｍ，在 口语或非正式语体 中往往 省
Ｔｈ ｎ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｍａ ｈａ／ｗｈ ｓｓａ ｄ ｎ ｙ ｔ ｅ ｄ ｏ ｏ ｉ ｔｎ ｉ ｇ ｂ ｈ ｏ ｒ
ｉ ｅ ｇｉｈ ｔａ ｈ ｒ ｓ ｈ ｒＥｎ ｌｓ ｅ ｃ ｅ ．
教 我们英语 的老师是 美国人 。（ 主语 ） 作
ｈ ｄ ｗ ｏ ｏ ） ｅｉ ｔ ｋｎ ｉ Ｔ ｅｌ ｙ（ｈ／ ｈｍ ｈ ｌｉｇｔ ｉ ｈｓ ａ ｗ ｓａ ｏｓ
请递给我那本绿皮 的书。（ 指物 ） 三、 系副词的用法 关 １ｗ ｅ ． ｈ ｎ指 时间 ， 在定语 从句 中作 时 间状 语， 只能 跟 在 表示 时 间 的 名词 （ ｄｙ ｙａ， 如 ａ ， ｅｒ ｓａｏ ， ｏ ｔ 等 ） 面。例 如 ： ｅｓｎ ｍ ｎｈ 后
Ｓ ｐ ｅ ｅ ｅ ｅ ｉ ｎｈ ｗｈ ｎ ｔｅ ｗｅ ｔ－ ｅ ｔｍｂ ｒｈ ｒ ｓａ ｍｏ ｔ ｅ ｈ ａｈ
Ｚｈ ｎ ． ａ ｇ
刚跟 你 说话 的那 个人 是 张 先 生 。（ 只用
ｗｏ ｈ ｍ）
４ ｈｓ 常指 人 ， 可以指物， 若指 物 ， 它还 可 以同 ｏ ｈｃ 互 换 。例 ｆ ｉｈ ｗ
如 ：
Ｉ ｖｓｔｄ ｃ ｅ ｔｓ ｏ ｅ ｎ ｍｅ ｉ ｎ ｗｎ ｉｉｅ ａ ｓ ｉｎ ｉｔ ｗｈ ｓ ａ ｓ ｋ ｏ
ｇ ｒ ｒｅ ｄ ｉｌ ｎ ． ｆ ｉ
正在和他 交谈 的那位 女士是他 的女朋友 。
（ 作宾语 ）
定语从句精讲精练
定语从句精讲精练定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句第一部分精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点3】关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which 结构。
语法精讲精练限制性定语从句选修 7 unit 4
语法精讲精练限制性定语从句选修7 unit 4一、概念：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句,称为定语从句,也叫形容词性从句。
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
二、相关知识点精讲：1、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that：这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(作宾语)The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
高考英语复习 语法专题精讲精练 定语从句
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练定语从句（含练习习题及解析）一、that与which,who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时只用that的情况③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被the only,the very修饰时①He told me everything that he knows.②All the books that you offered has been given out.③This is the best film that I have ever read.④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.⑤He is the only man that I want to see.⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?复时①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代①He has a son,who has gone abroad for只用which, who,whom的情况只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those, one,he时多用who。
the way做先行词时further study.②I like the person to whom the teacher istalking.③Those who respect others are usuallyrespected by others.①Mary,there is one way that you couldstop others talking about you andcriticizing you.②I was struck by the beauty of the way inwhich she stood.③What surprised me was not what he saidbut_______he said it.A. the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which二、as与which,that的用法区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中非限制性He is not such a fool as he looks.名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代Don’t read such books as you can’t 词用as,不能用whichunderstand.as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。
定语从句讲解及例题分析(精)
定语从句精讲定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。
而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。
在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。
但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。
排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart at tack三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中：signs是：被修饰的名词；that是：关系词；that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句2）those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中：those是：被修饰的名词；who是：关系词;who drink a lot是：定语从句通过面上的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)要点提示：1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系："先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。
例如：They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations（先行词）where (关系词) people normally would not be afraid .他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。
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定语从句：精讲精例精练一、定语从句及相关术语1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句, 一般紧跟它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
①关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；②关系副词：where, when, why等。
3. 关系词的作用：①引导定语从句；②代替先行词；③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人, 在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人, 在定语从句中充当宾语, 常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替, 可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物, 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语, 做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时, 相当于who 或者whom；指物时, 相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语, 做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人, 也可指物, 在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时, 常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时, 从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用, 如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前, 关系代词指人时用whom, 不可用who或者that；指物时用which, 不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with who you talked is my friend. (F)(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (T)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.4. 介词+which/whom，介词的选择方法：(1)动词+？介词：talk +with/to/about/of…(2)介词？+先行词: at school/home on this day on the farm(3)句子意思: behind/in front of/beside/next to/…+ the classroom四、关系副词引导的定语从句: 主谓宾齐全，考虑关系副词when,where,why1. when指时间, 在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点, 在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因, 在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the citywhere / in which I was born.五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句的引导词：who(m), which, when, where, 介词+which/whom（*that, why 不能引导定语从句）1. 限制性定语从句: 句子必不可少的部分, 没有逗号, 翻译成1句。
(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.2. 非限制性定语从句：主句或主句名词或代词的补充说明, 与主句有逗号隔开, 译成2句。
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.[注意] 区分下面句子(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。
（他还有其他的哥哥）(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是当医生的, 常鼓励他要考上大学。
（他只有一个哥哥）六、难点分析（一）限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况:【助记】①最②不③虚④心⑤正是⑥一(疑)⑦表⑧人才。
说明：①最高级；②不定代词；③序数词；④某些形容词；⑤正是the only, the very, the just;⑥疑问词；⑦表语；⑧既有人又有物+=先行词1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时, 或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3) All that can be done has been done.(4) There is little that I can do for you.注意：当先行词指人时, 也可以用who(4) Any man that/who has a sense of duty won't do such a thing.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时(1) This is the best film that I have seen.4. 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时, 也可以用who(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时(1) Who is the man that is standing there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词既有人, 也有动物或者物体时(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句, 有相同之处也有不同之处。