雅思写作报告类写作方法

雅思写作：报告类范文例文Cause and suggestIn cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem. What are the causes of this and what actions can be taken to solve this problem?开头段It is undoubtedly the case that urban areas around the world increasingly suffer from congestion. In this essay, I examine the reasons for this trend and suggest some practical policies the authorities could implement to reduce the level of traffic in our cities主体段 1 The first step is to understand why traffic has increased in towns and cities. Broadly speaking, there are three main reasons for this. One is that cars have become more affordable for the average consumer and they are no longer a luxury item, but something that most families expect to own. A second reason is that public transport has become increasingly unreliable in recent years, not least because many bus and train services have been reduced because of the difficulty in funding them. The third reason is that society has in general becomemore mobile and this means more people are prepared to commute to work by car than they were before.主体段 2 There is almost certainly no one solution to this problem given the complexity of its causes. However, one option has to be to improve the reliability of public transport to encourage people to take the bus or the train rather than get in the car. It would also be possible to discourage people from driving to work by introducing special tariffs for using the roads, especially during peak periods. A successful example of this is the congestion charge scheme in London which has certainly reduced the level of traffic in inner-city areas.结尾段In conclusion, there are a variety of different factors that have led to rising levels of traffic in urban areas. While it may not be possible to find a complete solution, any action should probably involve encouraging greater use of public transport and making it more expensive for the motorist to drive in urban areas.题目特征：调查某件事情的“原因”，“后果”以及“解决方案”〔就像写一个调查报告的感觉〕报告类中会用到的高频词汇：原因：Reason; Cause; Trigger 措施：Measure; Method; Approach采取：Take; Adopt; Work out题目：Many young people nowadays leave schools with negative attitude towards learning. Why does this happen?(原因) What do you think would encourage young people to have a positive attitude?(解决方案)〔纸质版见讲义P32 页〕开头段1). In present-day society, there seems to be a worrying trend that young students hold a negative attitude towards study after graduation. (第一个句子描述事件，作为背景句；由于报告类题目中一定会描述事件，只需改造题目即可，方法同辩论类一样) 2). The focus of this essay is toprovide some of the most common causes and suggest possible solutions (这个句子过于模版，最好不好；即，只写第一句做报告类开头段即可)主体第一段：(此题第一个提问是问原因，本段就写两个原因) 1). A wide range of causes are responsible for this phenomenon〔这个句子说明本段要阐述题目所给事件的原因；也可不写这个句子〕2). The root cause is excessive stress of study(题目所给事件的第一个原因) 3).To be specific, students in school nowadays have to do a large amount of homework after school, which reduces their interest in study and even makes them tired of learning (第一个原因的扩展，用的是因果论证，和辩论类扩展方式完全相同)4). Another trigger is that they may face unemployment after graduation 5). Since there are far less job opportunities available, the competition for jobs becomes increasingly fierce and students are less likely to find a decent job. Inevitably, some of them may have the feeling that learning is useless. (第二个原因的扩展，也用的是因果论证)主体第二段：(此题第二个提问是问原因，本段就写两个解决方案) (注：原因和解决方案应该是配套的。

如：雅思没考好的原因一为“词汇量不够”，原因二为“语法不好”，那么解决方案相对应就应该是“扩大词汇量”和“补习语法”)1).According to the above mentioned, various approaches should be adopted to deal with this problem. (这个句子说明本段要阐述题目所给事件的解决方案，这个句子要写) 2). First of all, reducing study load is the most effective method (对应上一段的第一个原因，找到第一个解决方案) 3). For example, cutting the amount of homework will give students more leisure hours, making them find a balance between study and rest. (第一个解决方案的扩展，用的是举例论证，和辩论类扩展方式也完全相同) 4). In addition, the government should play a more positive role in creating jobs (对应上一段的第二个原因，找到第二个解决方案). 5). For instance, laws should be made to impel businesses to recruit students fresh out of school. This will help them build confidence in school education (第二个解决方案的扩展，也用的是举例论证)结尾段(结尾段写两句话，分别总结主体两段即可)1). To sum up, this unpleasant phenomenon can be attributed to (可被归因于) several factors, including study stress and unemployment. (第一句话: 总结主体第一段，此题中为原因段。

本句可完全照背，但不一定要像划线部分那样再次提到主体段的两个原因) 2). Relevant methods should be worked out to resolve this problem before things get worse (第二句话: 总结主体第二段，此题中为解决方案段。