2023-2024学年湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上学期期中英语试题
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语试题
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解If you’re planning to visit Japan, it is a good idea to understand some basic customs. DON’T WALK AND CHEW GUM.Americans are always in such a hurry that we grab lunch at the drive with one hand while holding onto the steering wheel with the other.The Japanese don’t walk around while eating or drinking. This seems strange in a culture that like vending machines (自动售卖机). In fact, the Japanese will often get a snack or soda out of a vending machine and then stand there, next to the vending machine, until they’ve finished it.SURGICAL MASKSSeeing photos of people in Japan wearing surgical masks, you might wonder if surgical masks are just a fashion. Meanwhile, in America, we cough into the open air, and sneak out of restrooms without washing up.In Japan, it’s not nice to share germs (细菌). If you’re sick and you must leave your home, you put a surgical mask because that’s polite. Surgical masks are also worn out of caution — if you travel in a packed train during flu season, it’s a good idea to do so.THE MISUSE OF SOY SAUCEYou’re probably used to eating white rice with soy sauce (酱汁) all over it in American Asian restaurants, but don’t do it in Japan. Soy sauce in Japan is not meant for drowning out the subtle flavor of white rice.About YOUR SHOESWearing shoe in the house is just not something people do in Japan. You should remove your shoes immediately after entering a Japanese home and also when entering most historic buildings.1．The author is telling American tourists in Japan to ________.A．drink while walking B．eat while drivingC．eat food quickly D．drink near the vending machine 2．The Japanese consider wearing a surgical mask as ________.A．a fashion B．a dangerC．good manners D．a good idea3．When you are visiting a Japanese home, you are advised to ___________.A．get a snack B．remove your shoesC．put soy sauce over the rice D．wear a maskOne in five teens suffers from mental illness Parents of depressed (忧郁的) teens often think their child is just going through a certain stage, and don’t take the symptoms (症状) seriously. When I was 12 years old, I noticed something was not right with me. I told my mom, but she said I was just going through normal “teenage stuff”. I went on with everyday life, but was not able to function well. I felt depressed and seemed to be crying all the time. I never wanted to come out of my room or be around people. I even pushed people away who meant a lot to me.I told my mother again what was going with me. Again, she explained away my symptoms by saying my hormones (荷尔蒙) were probably just acting up, but she did agree to take me to the doctor. I knew deep down that whatever was wrong with me was more than just hormones.Parents need to take their children’s mental health seriously. Brushing it off as nothing will not make it go away. I want parents to understand that 20 percent of teens between the ages of 13 and 18 are suffering. Many of these teens feel like their voices won’t be heard if they tell their parents what they are experiencing. Parents and family members need to come together so that teens who suffer can get treatment.I was very scared to tell my mom about what I was feeling, and it made me feel worse to be told I was just being a teen and that was hormonal. I truly believe that if teens were mere comfortable talking with their parents and telling them personal things, teen suicide and mental breakdowns would decrease. Teens will get treatment, feel more positive, and be able to live a more normal life.4．How did the mother take the writer’s mental illness at first according to the text?A．Seriously.B．Nervously.C．Casually.D．Badly5．What does the underlined phrase “Brushing it off” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Cutting it out.B．Concentrating on it.C．Paying no attention to it.D．Making fun of it.6．What is a proper way for parents to deal with children’s mental illness?A．Treating their symptoms as something normal.B．Taking their children to hospital for treatment.C．Staying with their children more often.D．Leaving their children alone.7．What is the purpose of this text?A．To criticize the writer’s mum.B．To draw public attention to teenage problemsC．To introduce the writer’s suffering of teenage life.D．To persuade parents to be serious about children’s mental illness.It isn’t easy to climb the Old Man of Hoy, one of the tallest in the United Kingdom. It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber, as Jesse Dufton is. The 34-year-old was born with a rare genetic disease (遗传病) that left him with less than 20 percent of his vision (视觉), which then kept dropping over the years. He chooses to climb, because it’s better than sitting at home feeling sorry for yourself, right? Climbing is not the most dangerous thing I do on an average day; crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy.”Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood. As a skilled climber, his father would take him out at weekends. He was always physical then, always up for adventure. He played sports at school, though quickly grew frustrated (沮丧) with many of them. Badminton was a joke for someone like me, and even blind cricket — with a ball with a bell in it — annoyed me. “Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing, and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake. “True, you can’t see the handholds, or the footholds. You can’t see where the opportunities are, or where to place your hands and your gear (齿轮), so you just have to take it slowly. You search around until you can feel for something to hold onto, and then basically repeat the process over and over again. To keep calm in these situations helps.”It was Jesse himself who made a documentary happen. He told the filmmaker Alistair Lee about his pastime, believing it might be worth capturing on film. I realized my story was quite unusual,” he says, adding that he felt almost duty-bound to share it. If somebody likeme watches it, and they find it inspirational, then it wouldn’t be right for me to keep that from them, wouldn’t it?”8．What is more dangerous in Jesse Dufton’s eyes?A．Losing eyesight gradually.B．Daily routines in his life.C．Climbing the Old Man of Hoy.D．Staying at home all day.9．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?A．Dufton’s passion for climbing.B．Skills needed for climbing.C．Father’s influence on Dufton.D．The limited choice for disabled people. 10．Jesse persuaded Alistair Lee to make a documentary to _________.A．show his unique talent for climbingB．inspire more people with disabilityC．give credit to the brave climbersD．educate people about risky sports11．From the story, we may infer Jesse Dufton is _________.A．responsible and helpful B．caring and carefulC．patient and brave D．adventurous and optimisticWhat does it mean to live a good life? This question has been debated by may philosophers(哲学家). In the field of psychology (心理学), two main ideas of the good life are influential: A happy life, full of stability, enjoyment and positive emotions, and a meaningful life, full of purpose, virtue and devotion. But what if these aren’t the only choices?In recent years, the psychologically rich life has been receiving greater research attention. It is full of strong emotions, both positive and negative, and new and interesting experiences. They are, however, seldom boring or dull.In a new study, Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues found that many people’s self described ideal lives include psychological richness. When to chose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a meaningful life. Even so, some people still favored the psychologically rich life.These findings suggest that while most people do struggle to be happy and have meaning and purpose in their lives, a sizable number of people are content only living a psychologically rich life. Indeed, other new research suggests that for a lot of people, theintensity (强度) of the experience matters more than only how “positive” or “negative” it was. As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “we believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen, broaden and enrich our understanding of well-being.”At the end of the day, there is no one acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you. As Nietzsche put it: “No one can build you the bridge on which you, and only you, must cross the river of life. There may be countless bridges but there is one path in the world that none can walk but you. Where does it lead? Don’t ask, walk!”12．The author mentions the two main ideas of the good life to _________.A．introduce another aspect of a good lifeB．compare two different ways of lifeC．explain how to live a good lifeD．tell readers some good ways to live13．According to the passage, the psychologically rich life is _________.A．full of meaning and purposeB．nothing but different emotionsC．strong emotions and interesting experiencesD．all about being content with what you have14．Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues hold the view that ________.A．the psychologically rich life is the best oneB．more people prefer to live a psychologically rich lifeC．there is no difference between,’ positive’ and ‘negative’ experienceD．studying psychological richness helps to understand well-being better 15．Nietzsche’s words in the last paragraph imply that __________.A．the suitable one is the best oneB．all roads lead to RomeC．God helps those who help themD．nothing is impossible for willing heart二、七选五Several studies suggest there are some very good reasons to think about ways to be kindan important part in how humans developed. In other words, they say scientific evidence suggests that we are designed to be kind.Oliver Curry is the research director at Kindlab, a non-profit organization. 17 Curry claims that “kindness is much older than religion.” “The basic reason why people are kind is that we are social animals.” he explained.18 University of London psychologist Anat Bardi studies value systems in people. In one study, researchers gave people a list of values - such as kindness, creativity, ambition, tradition, security, and seeking social justice. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won.But research shows that our bodies can also reward us for being kind. University of California Riverside psychology professor Sonja has tested this idea in many experiments over the past 20 years. In one experiment, she asked people to perform three acts of kindness for other individuals each week. She asked a different group to do three acts of self-kindness.19 The people who were kind toothers reported feeling happier and more connected to the world.20 Sonja studied a group of people with the disease multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化). She found that they felt better physically when helping others. Her research also showed that people who performed more acts of kindness had less inflammation (发炎) in their bodies.A．Other research has shown that many people prize kindness over other values.B．Research shows that kindness can be good for many speciesC．These acts could be small, like opening a door for someone.D．Its goal is to educate and urge people to choose kindness.E．Research shows that acts of kindness can improve our health.F．But it is not just emotional but also physical.G．That is why we help strangers in need.三、完形填空He came from somewhere south of Rome. One Sunday evening I found him standing in the driveway, extremely thin.“My name Tony and I mow (割) your lawn (草坪).” he said. It was hard to understandhis 21 English. I told him I couldn’t afford a 22 . “I mow your lawn,” he said again and walked away. When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the walks 23 . My wife and I thought it strange that he had not asked for 24 . The next few days were busy, and I 25 about him. But on Friday, saw him again, behind my garage and busy around.I 26 to work out some small weekly pay for him. Summer passed into fall and winds blew cold. “Mr. Craw, when winter come, let me clean the snow in the factory.” Tony 27 . Well, how could I resist such determination? 28 , Tony got his job.“I want to be an apprentice (学徒),” he said one day. 29 we had a good apprentice school training laborers, I doubted whether he could even read blueprints (图纸). However, I decided to give him a try. To his 30 , he graduated as a killed grinder.After about two years, Tony turned up at our usual meeting spot, much 31 than he used to be and taking on a look of 32 . He had his own house and a cute family!Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it — he 33 it himself. Tony didn’t begin on the first 34 . He began in the basement. All he had were 24 hours a day. He 35 none of them and succeeded finally. 21．A．broken B．fluent C．standard D．simple 22．A．designer B．gardener C．partner D．survivor 23．A．decorated B．dug C．swept D．blocked 24．A．award B．advice C．pay D．leave 25．A．wandered B．thought C．worried D．forgot 26．A．managed B．happened C．pretended D．refused 27．A．ordered B．stressed C．requested D．applied 28．A．However B．Instead C．Yet D．Thus 29．A．Even if B．Now that C．In case D．Ever since 30．A．regret B．amazement C．credit D．disappointment 31．A．paler B．heavier C．stranger D．thinner 32．A．amusement B．confidence C．confusion D．annoyance 33．A．discovered B．revived C．appreciated D．created 34．A．place B．floor C．step D．stage 35．A．wasted B．floor C．treasured D．explored四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2024届华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语第一学期期末检测试题含解析
2024届华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语第一学期期末检测试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Did you pass your driving test?—Yes, otherwise I ________ to the picnic next month.A．couldn't drive B．couldn't have drivenC．won't drive D．wouldn't have driven2．Nowadays, more and more young ladies, figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.A．who B．whoseC．of whose D．of whom3．—Do you know our town at all?—Surely, this is the third time I ________ here.A．came B．come C．have come D．am coming4．There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise.A．being there B．should there beC．there was D．there having been5．—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring! The road was being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.A．had B．haveC．would have D．have had6．If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.A．can B．willC．may D．shall7．—Where can we park car?—Don’t worry. There’s sure to be parking lot nearby.A．the; the B．the; aC．不填; a D．不填; the8．No decision __A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A．will be made B．is madeC．is being made D．has been made9．Li Hua ____ his money for dollars before he went on a holiday in America. A．exchanges B．has exchangedC．will exchange D．had exchanged10．—I keep on meeting with difficulties in the experiment. I can hardly go on. —Where there are difficulties, there are ways to get over them. ________A．Suit yourself. B．Good for youC．Pull yourself together! D．What’s the deal?11．Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ________sweet dreams. A．keep up with B．put up with C．end up with D．catch up with 12．Careers Advice service is only available to people on day-time courses.A．to study B．studyC．studied D．studying13．I like suc h houses with beautiful gardens in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy .A．it B．one C．that D．this14．Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train.A．to be born and brought up B．born and brought upC．having born and brought up D．having been born and brought up15．To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people ______ the idea. A．supported B．supporting C．to support D．having supported 16．Although the Roma couldn’t be forced to pay taxes, they couldn’t vote ______they agreed to ______a government.A．unless, submit to B．until, correspond toC．when, resign to D．while, compromise to17．_______ a record-breaking seven Golden Globes, the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.A．Winning B．WonC．Having won D．To win18．People tend to love agricultural products ________ without the use of fertilizers, pesticides or chemical additives.A．growing B．grownC．being grown D．having been grown19．No one believes his reasons for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam,_______ made him embarrassed.A．it B．which C．that D．why20．The disaster-stricken village was inaccessible ___________ by helicopter, and the storm added to the rescuers’ difficulty.A．instead of B．other than C．rather than D．regardless of第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2020-2021学年湖北华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案
2020-2021学年湖北华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.Oh, that’s too bad.Wait. What about your taxes?My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse.And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?A.Sow nothing, reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express?A.AdmirableB.RegretfulC.AnnoyedD.Indifferent3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A radio programB.A magazineC.A brochureD.A novelBFrom Mozart to Metallica, tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Most believe that music helps increase creativity, but an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that view. The study results wereechoedby scientists fromLancasterUniversity, and theUniversityofGavle, saying their findings show music actually weakens creativity.To reach their conclusions, researchers had volunteers complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room, and then again while music played in the background. They found that background music significantly weakened the volunteers’ ability to complete tasks connected with verbal creativity. The team also tested background noises like those commonly heard in a library, but found that such noises had no influence on subjects’ creativity.The tasks were simple word games. For example, volunteers were given three words, such as dress, rise, and flower. Then, they were asked to find a single word connected with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun” (sundress, sunrise, sunflower). Volunteers completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while listening to two different types of music: rock music or light music“We found strong evidence of weakened performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions,” says co-author D. Neil McLatchie ofLancasterUniversity. He and his colleagues find that music negatively influences the verbal working memory processes of the brain, preventing creativity. Also, as far as the library background noises having seemingly no effect, the study’s authors believe that was the case because library noises create a “regular state” environment that doesn’t affect concentration.“To conclude, the findings here challenge the popular view that music increases creativity, and instead showthat music, whatever type it is, is always a disadvantage for creative performance in problem solving,” the study reads.4. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by ________.A. challengedB. acceptedC. doubtedD. heard5. What were the volunteers asked to do in the study?A. To play music.B. To combine given words.C. To create new words.D. To connect words with music.6. What can we infer from the study?A. Quiet background inspires creativity best.B. Library noise does no harm to creativity.C. Music has a bad effect on language ability.D. Music types matter in creative performance.7. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Quiet Environments Prevent Concentration.B. Background NoiseAffects Concentration.C. Composing Music Weakens Creativity.D. Listening to Music Reduces Creativity.CThe Chinese philosopher (哲学家) Confucius once said, “Time flows away like the water in the river.” This is especially true as the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has affected millions of people in China, andthe whole nation has been working day and night to fight the epidemic.In late January, when an increasing number of people in Wuhan were suspected to be infected, and hospitals didn't have adequate beds for them, two special hospitals—Lei shenshan Hospital and Huo shenshan Hospital were built. These two makeshift (临时的) hospitals were built to treat pneumonia patients infected with the novel coronavirus.HuoshenshanHospitalhas 1,000 beds and covers 33,900 square meters, andLeishenshanHospitalhas 1,500 beds and a total area of about 79,000 square meters. More than 4,000 workers worked 24/7 in two shifts, and nearly 1,000 large-scale pieces of equipment and transport vehicles helped the project on site. The two hospitals were built in an amazingly short time. It only took 10 days for people to build Huo shenshan, and 14 days for Lei shenshan.This certainly wowed many people overseas. “It's incredible that two hospitals with 2,500 beds can be built in a short period. It's just hard to believe,” a foreigner named Stuart told People's Daily. In the meantime, Chinese companies have also taken actions quickly in this battle.“The automobile industry is highly industrialized with strong capabilities in comprehensive manufacturing, purchasing materials, production lines and output of technologies,” Shi Jianhua, deputy secretary-general of ChinaAssociation of Automobile Manufacturers, told CCTV News. “In this special time, when the nation needs more masks, it's time for us to quickly respond and shoulder the social responsibilities.”Indeed, a fast response is crucial in any crisis. In this special time,Chinacan't afford to waste a second in the fight against the epidemic. After all, time equals life during this crisis.8. Confucius' saying “Time flows away like the water in the river.” is mentioned to ______.A. arouse readers' interest in the passage.B. introduce the subject of the passage.C. present the background information.D. stress the value of time in epidemic.9. What can we learn about Lei shenshan hospital and Huo shenshan hospital?A. They are new hospitals for health care inWuhan.B. They were built in minimal time.C. Over 4,000 workers worked continuously.D. Stuart found them too massive to believe.10. We can infer from Shi Jianhua's words that the automobile industry inChina______.A. had no medical supplies factories before.B. guarantees whoever in need enough masks.C. has capabilities to give timely response.D. has strong abilities in manufacturing.11. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. China fights epidemic against the clock.B. Twospecial hospitals were constructed.C. Chinese firms acted quickly and effectively.D. Time is crucial for people in overcoming crisis.DThe China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was formed in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 police dogs. The team brings help and hope to those whose lives are changed by astorm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disasters.After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue tasks in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes inAlgeriaandIran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outsideChinawhose members won high praise for bravery and skill.Since then, the CISAR has completed many tasks. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. Theteam treated more than 3,000 people who were wounded in the 2006 earthquake inIndonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake that hitHaitiin 2010, and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 people suffering from the 2010 floods inPakistan. On April 26, 2015, a group of 62 people from CISAR went toNepalafter the 8.1 magnitude earthquake that happened there.Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat wounds, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and other dangers. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury the dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed.12. What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3?A. To advertise for the CISAR.B. To add some basic information.C. To praise Recue Workers’ contributions.D. To stress the dangers Rescue Workers face.13. What is the author’s attitude towards Rescue Workers?A. Hopeful.B. Respectful.C. Curious.D. Supportive.14. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?A. The duty rescue workers must perform.B. The qualities rescue workers must own.C. The difficulties rescue workers must go through.D. The willingness rescue workers should require.15. What may be the best title of the passage?A. China to the RescueB. How to train CISARC. Welcome to CISARD. Rescue on request第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________1．According to Philippa, what should Mr. Perfect do to live by “internally referencing”?A．Seek others’ advice.B．Make sensible choices.C．Follow his own heart.D．Leave good impressions.2．Why should Mr.Perfect stop impressing others?A．He can never be good enough.B．He is a worthy person as he is.C．His relationship decides his worth.D．His academic performance matters. 3．What does the underlined word “relating” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Showing empathy.B．Turning for help.C．Establishing new relationships.D．Pleasing people.Soaring to 29, 035 feet, the famous Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable due to the freezing weather, the obvious potential fall from cliffs and the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called “mountain sickness.” But that was to be changed by Edmund Hillary.When he was invited to join the British Everest expedition in 1953, Edmund Hillary was a highly capable climber. The glacier-covered peaks in his hometown in New Zealand proved a perfect training ground for the Himalaya. It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.On May 28, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, an experienced Sherpa (夏尔巴人) set out and reached the South Summit by 9 a. m. next day. But after that, the ridge (山脊) slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur (尖坡) about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.At 11:30 a. m, the two men found themselves standing at the top of the world. “Not until we were about 50 feet of the top was I ever completely convinced that we were actually going to reach the summit.” Hillary later recounted, “Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise. After all, this is the ambition of all mountaineers.”Emerging as the first to summit Mount Everest, Hillary Hillary continued by helping explore Antarctica, and establishing the Himalayan Trust (信托基金), through which he provided a number of beneficial services to the Himalayan peoples. He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”4．What made Edmund Hillary a capable climber on the 1953 expedition?A．His undisputed reputation.B．His remarkable physical condition.C．His previous training on Mount Everest.D．His exceptional ability to adapt to the cold.5．What does the Hillary Step refer to?A．A mistake Hillary avoided making.B．A steep spur of rock Hillary conquered.C．An ax Hillary used to scratch snow.D．A sudden fall of a ridge Hillary skipped. 6．What was Hillary’s initial feeling upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest?A．Overwhelming joy.B．Enormous pride.C．Complete disbelief.D．A touch of astonishment.7．What was the impact of Hillary’s achievement on mountaineering?A．It opens up possibilities for other climbers.B．It enabled him to give back to his hometown.C．It left financial benefits for climbers to pursue.D．It led to friendly regulations for mountaineering.With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions.The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased,but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.8．What is the primary purpose of DNA testing for dogs?A．To identify a dog’s personality traits.B．To reveal a dog’s future behavioral changes.C．To determine a dog’s socialization preferences.D．To obtain a dog’s breed and genetic information.9．How does DNA testing for dogs typically work?A．By analyzing the dog’s hair and fur.B．By conducting a blood test on the dog.C．By matching the dog’s DNA with a database.D．By studying the dog’s genetic health history.10．What is the correct order of having an DNA test?①get the sample processed①rub the swab gently①receive the result①select the type of test①place the swab into the container①mail the sample back to the labA．①-①-①-①-①-①B．① ①-①-①-①-①C．①-①-①-①-①-①D．①-①-①-①-①-①11．What is the text?A．A dog advertisement.B．A dog DNA experiment.C．A dog DNA testing survey.D．A dog DNA test kit promotion.In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home,” says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty,fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. “We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.”Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution — due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker still. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials-often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen, from the minor footprint of upclycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.12．What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2?A．The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes.B．The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.C．The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.D．The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.13．The author illustrates “Fashion is a huge polluter” by ______.A．making a comparison B．giving examplesC．listing numbers D．introducing a new topic14．What does the underlined phrase “a quiet act of rebellion” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．A protest against turning to natural fiber.B．An objection to upcycling old clothing.C．A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry.D．A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing.15．What would be the most suitable title for the passage?A．The Environmental Impact of Natural DyeingB．Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden PresentationC．The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical AppealD．The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges二、七选五Some pals and I were in the midst of a pinball competition at a bar the other night when the machine kept breaking down. We called over a very busy employee who’s responsible for helping keep the place running. He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinballwas just doing the job he was paid to do. I insisted and got the group to agree to the plan, although somewhat reluctantly.My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered? 17 There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey.18 I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra. But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. 19Plus, tipping is good karma (因果报应). It’s always worth it to tip in unexpected situations- ones that don’t necessarily involve a hint on a payment screen.20 He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play.So next time, there must be no arguments with my friends when times come to tip.A．This leads to what’s been called ”tipping fatigue (疲劳)”B．So, why am I willing to go against the trend and say yes?C．I suggested we tip him $10 and split the tip among all of us.D．There’s an argument that we should ban tipping altogether.E．Guess what happened next with my pinball-machine fixer at the bar?F．One dollar or two won’t make or break me, but it can possibly help with their rent.G．Should they earn far below the minimum wage, employers must make up the difference.三、完形填空said to me, “You’re not going to finish college. There are other things for you to do, but that’sas a child. Having my 24 taken from me, I felt entirely 25 .I worked and worked, and 26 graduated from college, which took me four years longer than others. After that, I applied to a graduate program and 27 someone, my advisor Susan to take me on, and so I 28 at Princeton. I still felt I was not supposed to be there. The night before my first-year 29 I was so afraid that I called her and said, “I’m 30 ” She said, “You’re going to stay, and this is what you’re going to do. You are going to 31 it and do every talk that you ever get asked to do, even if you’re 32 until you have this moment where you say, ‘Oh my gosh, I’m doing it. I have become this.’”So that’s what I did. I spent five years in graduate school and got my degree. Now I am a public speaker. I realized that I had not just faked it till I made it, I had faked it till 33 it. Our 34 can change our behavior, and our behavior can change our 35 . 21．A．face B．head C．back D．skin 22．A．withdraw B．graduate C．escape D．return 23．A．patient B．reserved C．gifted D．diligent 24．A．mood B．dream C．career D．identity 25．A．cheerful B．powerless C．indifferent D．optimistic 26．A．suddenly B．naturally C．eventually D．reluctantly 27．A．convinced B．reminded C．instructed D．allowed 28．A．drop out B．end up C．start over D．fall behind 29．A．exam B．interview C．reception D．talk 30．A．staying B．leaving C．quitting D．dreaming 31．A．fake B．practice C．recall D．ignore32．A．discouraged B．inspired C．enlightened D．terrified 33．A．failed B．became C．forgot D．cherished 34．A．lessons B．experience C．insight D．minds 35．A．outcomes B．beliefs C．personality D．talent四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中数学试题(解析版)
华中师大一附中2023-2024学年度上学期高二期中检测数学试题时限：120分钟 满分：150分一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 如图所示，在平行六面体1111ABCD A B C D −中，M 为11A C 与11B D 的交点，若1,,AB a AD b AA c === ，则BM = （ ）A. 1122−+ a b cB. 1122++a b cC. 1122−−+ a b cD. 1122a b c −++【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用空间向量的线性运算进行求解.【详解】1111111111111()()()22222BM BB B M BB A D A B AA AD AB c b a a b c =+=+−=+−=+−=−++.故选：D2. 平面内到两定点(6,0)A −、(0,8)B 的距离之差等于10的点的轨迹为（ ） A. 椭圆 B. 双曲线C. 双曲线的一支D. 以上选项都不对【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据动点满足的几何性质判断即可.【详解】因为(6,0)A −、(0,8)B ，所以10AB ==，而平面内到两定点(6,0)A −、(0,8)B 的距离之差等于10的点的轨迹为一条射线.故选：D3. “4k >”是“方程22(2)50x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆的方程”的（ ） A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据()22250x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆得到2k <−或4k >，然后判断充分性和必要性即可. 【详解】若()22250x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆，则()222450k k +−−×>，解得2k <−或4k >， 4k >可以推出()22250x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆，满足充分性， ()22250x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆不能推出4k >，不满足必要性， 所以4k >是()22250x y kx k y +++−+=表示圆的充分不必要条件. 故选：A.4. 已知椭圆22:141x y C k +=+的离心率为12，则实数k 的值为（ ）A. 2B. 2或7C. 2或133D. 7或133【答案】C 【解析】【分析】利用椭圆的标准方程、椭圆的离心率公式分析运算即可得解.【详解】由题意，椭圆22:141x y C k +=+，则10k +>，且14k +≠，由离心率12c e a ==，解得：2234b a =，若椭圆的焦点在x 轴上，则221344b k a +==，解得：2k =； 若椭圆的焦点在y 轴上，则224314b a k ==+，解得：133k =； 综上知，2k =或133. 故选：C.5. 如图，一种电影放映灯的反射镜面是旋转椭圆面（椭圆绕其对称轴旋转一周形成的曲面）的一部分．过对称轴的截口BAC 是椭圆的一部分，灯丝位于椭圆的一个焦点1F 上，片门位于另一个焦点2F 上．由椭圆的一个焦点1F 发出的光线，经过旋转椭圆面反射后集中到另一个焦点2F ．已知112BF F F ⊥，153F B =，124F F =．若透明窗DE 所在的直线与截口BAC 所在的椭圆交于一点P ，且1290F PF ∠=°，则12PF F △的面积为（ ）A. 2B.C.D. 5【答案】D 【解析】【分析】由椭圆定义12||||6PF PF +=，根据1290F PF ∠=°，结合勾股定理可得可得12||||F P P F ⋅的值，则即可求12F PF △的面积．【详解】由112BF F F ⊥，1||F B =12||4F F =，得213||3BF ==， 则椭圆长轴长122||||6a F B F B =+=，由点P 在椭圆上，得12||||26PF PF a +==，又1290F PF ∠=°， 则2222121212121216||||||(||||)2||||362||||F F PF PF PF PF PF PF PF PF =+==+−=−， 因此12||||10PF PF ⋅=，所以12F PF △的面积为121||||52PF PF ⋅=. 故选：D6. 已知圆221:()(3)9C x a y −++=与圆222:()(1)1C x b y +++=外切，则ab 的最大值为（ ）A. 2B.C.52D. 3【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用两圆外切求出,a b 的关系，再利用基本不等式求解即得.【详解】圆221:()(3)9C x a y −++=的圆心1(,3)C a −，半径13r =，圆222:()(1)1C x b y +++=的圆心2(,1)C b −−，半径21r =，依题意，1212||4C C r r =+=， 于是222()24a b ++=，即22122224a b ab ab ab ab =++≥+=，因此3ab ≤，当且仅当a b =时取等号，所以ab 的最大值为3. 故选：D7. 如图所示，三棱锥A BCD −中，AB ⊥平面π,2BCD BCD ∠=，222BC AB CD ===，点P 为棱AC 的中点，,E F 分别为直线,DP AB 上的动点，则线段EF 的最小值为（ ）A.B.C.D.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据给定条件，建立空间直角坐标系，利用空间向量建立EF 的函数关系求解即可. 【详解】三棱锥A BCD −中，过C 作Cz ⊥平面BCD ，由π2BCD ∠=，知BC CD ⊥， 以C 为原点，直线,,CD CB Cz 分别为,,x y z 建立空间直角坐标系，如图，由AB ⊥平面BCD ，得//AB Cz ，则1(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,2,0),(0,2,1),(0,1,)2C D B A P ，令1(1,1,)(,,)22t DE tDP t t t ==−=− ，则(1,,)2tE t t −，设(0,2,)F m ，于是||EF ==≥， 当且仅当33,224t tm ===时取等号，所以线段EF. 故选：B8. 已知12,F F 分别为椭圆2222:1(0)x y E a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点，椭圆E 上存在两点,A B 使得梯形12AF F B 的高为c （c 为该椭圆的半焦距），且124AF BF =，则椭圆E 的离心率为（ ）A.B.45C.D.56【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据124AF BF =，可得12AF BF ∥，则1AF ，2BF 为梯形12AF F B 的两条底边，作21F P AF ⊥于点P ，所以2PF c =，则可求得1230PF F ∠=°，再结合124AF BF =，建立,,a b c 的关系即可得出答案.【详解】如图，由124AF BF =，得12//AF BF ，则1AF ，2BF 为梯形12AF F B 的两条底边，作21F P AF ⊥于点P ，则21F P AF ⊥，由梯形12AF F B 的高为c ，得2PF c =，在12Rt F PF 中，122F F c =，则有1230PF F ∠=°，1230AF F ∠=°， 在12AF F △中，设1AF x =，则22AF a x =−，22221121122cos30AF AF F F AF F F =+−°，即()22224a x x c −=+−，解得1AF x ==，在12BF F △中，21150BF F ∠=°，同理2BF =，又124AF BF =，所以4=，即3a =，所以离心率c e a ==. 故选：C二、选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分.9. 直线:10l x y −+=与圆22:()2(13)C x a y a ++=−≤≤的公共点的个数可能为（ ） A. 0 B. 1C. 2D. 3【答案】BC 【解析】【分析】根据给定条件，求出圆心到直线l 距离的取值范围，即可判断得解.【详解】圆22:()2C x a y ++=的圆心(,0)C a −，半径r =当13a −≤≤时，点(,0)C a −到直线l 的距离d， 因此直线l l 与圆C 的公共点个数为1或2. 故选：BC10. 下列四个命题中正确的是（ ）A. 过点(3,1)，且在x 轴和y 轴上的截距互为相反数的直线方程为20x y −−=B. 过点(1,0)且与圆22(1)(3)4x y ++−=相切的直线方程为51250x y +−=或1x = C. 若直线10kx y k −−−=和以(3,1),(3,2)M N −为端点的线段相交，则实数k 的取值范围为12k ≤−或32k ≥D. 若三条直线0,0,3x y x y x ay a +=−=+=−不能构成三角形，则实数a 所有可能的取值组成的集合为{1,1}−【答案】BC 【解析】【分析】利用直线截距式方程判断A ；求出圆的切线方程判断B ；求出直线斜率范围判断C ；利用三条直线不能构成三角形的条件求出a 值判断D.【详解】对于A ，过点(3,1)在x 轴和y 轴上的截距互为相反数的直线还有过原点的直线，其方程为13y x =，A 错误；对于B ，圆:C 22(1)(3)4x y ++−=的圆心(1,3)C −，半径2r =，过点(1,0)斜率不存在的直线1x =与圆C 相切，当切线斜率存在时，设切线方程为(1)y k x =−2=，解得512k =−，此切线方程为51250x y +−=，所以过点(1,0)且与圆22(1)(3)4x y ++−=相切的直线方程为51250x y +−=或1x =，B 正确； 对于C ，直线10kx y k −−−=恒过定点(1,1)P −，直线,PM PN 的斜率分别为 ()()211131,312312PN PM k k −−−−====−−−−，依题意，PM k k ≤或PN k k ≥，即为12k ≤−或32k ≥，C 正确；对于D ，当直线0,3x y x ay a +=+=−平行时，1a =，当直线0,3x y x ay a −=+=−平行时，1a =−，显然直线0,0x y x y +=−=交于点(0,0)，当点(0,0)在直线3x ay a +=−时，3a =， 所以三条直线0,0,3x y x y x ay a +=−=+=−不能构成三角形，实数a 的取值集合为{}113−,,，D 错误. 故选：BC11. 已知椭圆2225:1092x y C k k+=<<的两个焦点分别为12,F F ，点P 是椭圆C 上的动点，点Q 是圆22:(2)(4)2E x y −+−=上任意一点．若2||PQ PF +的最小值为4（ ）A. k =B. 12PF PF ⋅的最大值为5C. 存在点P 使得12π3F PF ∠= D. 2||PQ PF −的最小值为6−【答案】ABC 【解析】【分析】首先得到圆心坐标与半径，即可判断E 在椭圆外部，在2|||PQ PF PE +≥求出2EF ，即可求出k ，再根据数量积的运算律及椭圆的性质判断B 、C ，根据椭圆的定义判断D.【详解】椭圆2225:1092x y C k k+=<<，则3a =，所以1226PF PF a +==，圆22:(2)(4)2E x y −+−=的圆心为()2,4E ，半径r =所以2222419k+>，所以点E 在椭圆外部，又2|||PQ PF PE +≥，当且仅当E 、P 、2F 三点共线（P 在E 2F 之间）时等号成立，所以24EF ，解得2c =，所以294k −=，解得k =（负值舍去），故A 正确；()()1212PF PF PO OF PO OF ⋅=+⋅+21122PO PO OF PO OF OF OF +⋅+⋅+⋅()21121PO PO OF OF OF OF +⋅+−⋅22214PO OF PO =−=− ，又PO ∈ ，所以[]25,9PO ∈ ，所以[]121,5PF PF ⋅∈ ，即12PF PF ⋅的最大值为5，当且仅当P 在上、下顶点时取最大值，故B 正确；设B 为椭圆的上顶点，则OB =，22OF =，所以2tan OBF ∠> 所以2π6OBF ∠>，所以12π3F BF ∠>，则存在点P 使得12π3F PF ∠=，故C 正确；因为()121||||6||6PQ PF PQ PF PQ PF −=−−=+−11||666PE PF EF ≥+−≥−−，当且仅当E 、Q 、P 、1F 四点共线（且Q 、P 在E 1F 之间）时取等号，故D 错误.故选：ABC12. 在棱台1111ABCD A B C D −中，底面1111,ABCD A B C D 分别是边长为4和2的正方形，侧面11CDD C 和侧面11BCC B 均为直角梯形，且113,CC CC =⊥平面ABCD ，点P 为棱台表面上的一动点，且满足112PD PC =，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A. 二面角1D AD B −−B. 棱台的体积为26C. 若点P 在侧面11DCC D 内运动，则四棱锥11P A BCD −D. 点P 【答案】ACD【解析】【分析】A 选项，建立空间直角坐标系，写出点的坐标，利用空间向量相关公式求出二面角的余弦值；B 选项，利用棱台体积公式求出答案；C 选项，设出(),0,P u v ，求出轨迹方程，得到P 点的轨迹，从而得到点P 到平面11A BCD的最短距离为43PF EF EP =−=−，利用体积公式求出答案；D 选项，考虑点P 在各个面上运算，求出相应的轨迹，求出轨迹长度，相加后得到答案. 【详解】A 选项，因为1CC ⊥平面ABCD ，,BC CD ⊂平面ABCD ， 所以11,CC BC CC CD ⊥⊥，又底面1111,ABCD A B C D 分别是边长为4和2的正方形， 故BC CD ⊥，故1,,CC BC CD 两两垂直，以C 为坐标原点，1,,CD CB CC 所在直线分别为,,x y z 建立空间直角坐标系， 则()()()()112,0,3,4,4,0,4,0,0,0,0,3D A D C ，平面ADB 的法向量为()0,0,1n =，设平面1D AD 的法向量为()1,,n x y z =，则()()()()111,,0,4,040,,2,4,32430n AD x y z y n AD x y z x y z ⋅=⋅−=−= ⋅=⋅−−=−−+= ， 解得0y =，令3x =得，2z =，故()13,0,2n =，则111cos ,n n n n n n ⋅==⋅， 又从图形可看出二面角1D AD B −−为锐角， 故二面角1D ADB −−A 正确；B选项，棱台的体积为(221243283V=+×=，B 错误；C 选项，若点P 在侧面11DCCD 内运动，112PD PC =， 设(),0,P u v，整理得()22216339u v ++−=， 故P 点的轨迹为以2,0,33E−为圆心，43为半径的圆在侧面11DCC D 内部（含边界）部分，如图所示，圆弧QW 即为所求，过点E 作EF ⊥1CD 于点F ，与圆弧QW 交于点P ， 此时点P 到平面11A BCD 的距离最短，由勾股定理得1CD =，因为11128233ED EC CD =+=+=，1111sin C C CD C CD ∠=1118sin 3EF D E CD C =∠=故点P 到平面11A BCD 的最短距离为43PF EF EP =−=−， 因为11A D 与BC 平行，且BC ⊥平面11CDD C ， 又1CD ⊂平面11CDD C ，所以BC ⊥1CD ，故四边形11A BCD 为直角梯形，故面积为()1112A D BC CD +⋅=，则四棱锥11P A BCD −体积的最小值为1433 ×× ，C 正确； D 选项，由C 选项可知，当点P 在侧面11DCC D 内运动时，轨迹为圆弧QW ，设其圆心角为α，则1213cos 423C E EW α===，故π3α=， 所以圆弧QW 的长度为π433⋅当点P 在面1111D C B A 内运动时，112PD PC =， 设(),,3P s t整理得2221639s t ++=，点P 的轨迹为以2,0,33E−为圆心，43为半径的圆在侧面1111D C B A 内部（含边界）部分，如图所示，圆弧QR 即为所求轨迹，其中1213cos 423C E QER ER ∠===，故π3QER ∠=， 则圆弧QR 长度为π44π339⋅=，若点P 面11BCC B 内运动时，112PD PC =， 设()0,,P k l，整理得()22433k l +−=，点P 的轨迹为以()10,0,3C 11BCC B 内部（含边界）部分， 如图所示，圆弧GH 即为所求，此时圆心角1π2GC H =， 故圆弧GH长度为π2经检验，当点P 在其他面上运动时，均不合要求， 综上，点P的轨迹长度为π4π29×=，D 正确. 故选：ACD在【点睛】立体几何中体积最值问题，一般可从三个方面考虑：一是构建函数法，即建立所求体积的目标函数，转化为函数的最值问题进行求解；二是借助基本不等式求最值，几何体变化过程中两个互相牵制的变量（两个变量之间有等量关系），往往可以使用此种方法；三是根据几何体的结构特征，变动态为静态，直观判断在什么情况下取得最值.三、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.13. 已知(2,),(,4)P m Q m −，且直线PQ 与直线:20+−=l x y 垂直，则实数m 的值为______． 【答案】1 【解析】【分析】首先求出直线l 的斜率，由两直线垂直得到斜率之积为1−，即可求出PQ k ，再由斜率公式计算可得.【详解】因为直线:20+−=l x y 的斜率1k =−， 又直线PQ 与直线:20+−=l x y 垂直，所以1PQ k =，即412m m−=−−，解得1m =.故答案为：114. 以椭圆2251162x y +=的焦点为顶点，顶点为焦点的双曲线的标准方程为______．【答案】221916y x −=【解析】【分析】根据给定的椭圆方程求出双曲线的顶点及焦点坐标，即可求出双曲线方程.【详解】椭圆2251162x y +=的长轴端点为(0,5),(0,5)−，焦点为(0,3),(0,3)−，因此以(0,3),(0,3)−为顶点，(0,5),(0,5)−4=，方程为221916y x −=. 故答案为：221916y x −=15. 椭圆22:44E x y +=上的点到直线20x y +−=的最远距离为______．【解析】【分析】设出椭圆上任意一点的坐标，再利用点到直线距离公式，结合三角函数性质求解即得.【详解】设椭圆22:14x E y +=上的点(2cos ,sin )(02π)P θθθ≤<，则点P到直线20x y +−=的距离：π2sin 4dθ=−+， 显然当5π4θ=时，max d =， 所以椭圆22:44E x y +=上的点到直线20x y +−=16. 已知点A 的坐标为(0,3)，点,B C 是圆22:25O x y +=上的两个动点，且满足90BAC ∠=°，则ABC 面积的最大值为______．【解析】【分析】设()11,B x y ，()22,C x y ，BC 的中点(,)P x y ，由题意求解P 的轨迹方程，得到AP 的最大值，写出三角形ABC 的面积，结合基本不等式求解． 【详解】设()11,B x y ，()22,C x y ，BC 的中点(,)P x y ，点B ，C 为圆22:25O x y +=上的两动点，且90BAC ∠=°，∴121225y x =+，222225x y +=①，122x x x +=，122y y y +=②，1212(3)(3)0x x y y +−−=③由③得1212123()90x x y y y y +−++=，即121269x x y y y +=−④， 把②中两个等式两边平方得：221122224x x x x x ++=，222121224y y y y y ++=， 即221212502()44x x y y x y ++=+⑤，把④代入⑤，可得2234124x y+−= ，即P 在以30,2为半径的圆上．则AP 的最大值为．所以()22222111244ABC S AB AC AB AC BC AP =≤+==≤ ．当且仅当AB AC =，P 的坐标为 时取等号．四、解答题：本题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17. 已知ABC 的顶点(4,1)A ，边AB 上的高线CH 所在的直线方程为10x y +−=，边AC 上的中线BM 所在的直线方程为310x y −−=． （1）求点B 的坐标； （2）求直线BC 的方程． 【答案】（1）(1,4)−−；（2）7110x y ++=. 【解析】【分析】（1）由垂直关系求出直线AB 的方程，再求出两直线的交点坐标即得.（2）设出点C 的坐标，利用中点坐标公式求出点C 坐标，再利用两点式求出直线方程. 【小问1详解】由边AB 上的高线CH 所在的直线方程为10x y +−=，得直线AB 的斜率为1， 直线AB 方程为14y x ，即3y x =−，由3310y x x y =− −−=，解得1,4x y =−=−， 所以点B 的坐标是(1,4)−−.【小问2详解】由点C 在直线10x y +−=上，设点(,1)C a a −，于是边AC 的中点2,122a a M+−在直线310x y −−=上，因此3611022a a+−+−=，解得2a =−，即得点(2,3)C −，直线BC 的斜率4371(2)k −−==−−−−， 所以直线BC 的方程为37(2)y x −=−+，即7110x y ++=. 18. 如图，在三棱柱111ABC A B C 中底面为正三角形，1114,2,120AA AB A AB A AC ==∠=∠=°．（1）证明：1AA BC ⊥；（2）求异面直线1BC 与1AC 所成角的余弦值． 【答案】（1）证明见解析 （2【解析】【分析】（1）根据数量积的运算律及定义得到10AA BC ⋅=，即可得证； （2）取AB 中点M ，连接1AC 交1AC 于点O ，连接CM 、OM ，即可得到COM ∠为异面直线1BC 与1AC 所成角或其补角，再由余弦定理计算可得.【小问1详解】因为BC AC AB=−，所以()1111AA BC AA AC AB AA AC AA AB ⋅=⋅−=⋅−⋅1111cos ,cos ,0AA AC AA AC AA AB AA AB =⋅−⋅=，所以1AA BC ⊥，即1AA BC ⊥.【小问2详解】取AB 的中点M ，连接1AC 交1AC 于点O ，连接CM 、OM ，则O 为1AC 的中点，所以1//OM BC ，所以COM ∠为异面直线1BC 与1AC 所成角或其补角， 在等边三角形ABC中CM =在平行四边形11ACC A 中()222211112AC AC AA AC AC AA AA =−=−⋅+22122244282−×××−+，所以1A C =，所以OC =，因为1AA BC ⊥，11//AA BB ，所以1BB BC ⊥， 在矩形11BCC B中1BC，所以OM =在OCM中由余弦定理cos COM ∠=的所以异面直线1BC 与1AC.19. 已知圆C 的圆心在x 轴上，其半径为1，直线:8630l x y −−=被圆CC 在直线l 的下方．（1）求圆C 的方程；（2）若P 为直线1:30l x y +−=上的动点，过P 作圆C 的切线,PA PB ，切点分别为,A B ，当||||PC AB ⋅的值最小时，求直线AB 的方程．【答案】（1）()2211x y −+=（2）2x y +=【解析】【分析】（1）设圆心C (),0a ，根据直线l 被圆Ca ，然后写圆的方程即可； （2）根据等面积的思路得到当1PC l ⊥时，PC AB 最小，然后根据直线AB 为以PC 为直径的圆与圆C 的公共弦所在的直线求直线方程.【小问1详解】设圆心C (),0a 到直线l 的距离为d，则12d =1a =或14−， 因为点C 在直线l 的下方，所以1a =，()1,0C ， 所以圆C 的方程为()2211x y −+=. 【小问2详解】因为12PACB S PC AB PA AC =⋅==，所以PC AB 最小即PC 最小， 当1PC l ⊥时，PC 最小，所以此时1PC k =，PC 的直线方程为：1y x =−，联立130y x x y =− +−= 得21x y = = ，所以()2,1P ，PC 中点31,22 ，PC =所以以PC 为直径的圆的方程为：22311222x y −+−=， 直线AB 为以PC 为直径的圆与圆C 的公共弦所在的直线，联立()222231122211x y x y −+−=−+= 得2x y +=， 所以直线AB 的方程为2x y +=. 20. 已知12,F F 分别为椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b +=>>的左、右焦点，离心率e =，点B 为椭圆上的一动点，且12BF F △面积的最大值为2．（1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）若点A 为椭圆C 的左顶点，点(,)P m n 在椭圆C 上，线段AP 的垂直平分线与y 轴交于点Q ，且PAQ △为等边三角形，求点P 的横坐标．【答案】（1）22142x y += （2）25− 【解析】【分析】（1）根据三角形12BF F 的面积、离心率以及222a b c =+列出关于,,ab c 的方程组，由此求解出,a b的值，则椭圆C 的方程可求；（2）表示出AP 的垂直平分线方程，由此确定出Q 点坐标，再根据PAQ △为等边三角形可得AP AQ =，由此列出关于,m n 的等式并结合椭圆方程求解出P 点坐标.【小问1详解】依题意当B 为椭圆的上、下顶点时12BF F △面积的取得最大值，则2221222c ab c a b c = ×= =+，解得2a b = = ， 所以椭圆C 方程为：22142x y +=. 【小问2详解】依题意(,)P m n ，则22142m n +=，且()2,0A −， 若点P 为右顶点，则点Q 为上（或下）顶点，则4AP =，AQ =， 此时PAQ △不是等边三角形，不合题意，所以2m ≠±，0n ≠.设线段PA 中点为M ，所以2,22m n M −， 因为PA MQ ⊥，所以1PA MQ k k ⋅=−， 因为直线PA 的斜率2AP n k m =+，所以直线MQ 的斜率2MQ m k n +=−， 又直线MQ 的方程为2222n m m y x n +− −=−−， 令0x =，得到()()2222Q m m n y n+−=+， 因为22142m n +=，所以2Q n y =−， 因为PAQ △为正三角形，的所以AP AQ =，即， 化简，得到2532120m m ++=， 解得25m =−，6m =−（舍） 故点P 的横坐标为25−.【点睛】关键点点睛：解答本题第二问关键在于AP 垂直平分线方程的求解以及将PAQ △的结构特点转化为等量关系去求解坐标，在计算的过程中要注意利用P 点坐标符合椭圆方程去简化运算. 21. 如图，在多面体ABCDEF 中，侧面BCDF 为菱形，侧面ACDE 为直角梯形，//,,AC DE AC CD N ⊥为AB 的中点，点M 为线段DF 上一动点，且2,120BC AC DE DCB =∠=°．（1）若点M 为线段DF 的中点，证明：//MN 平面ACDE ；（2）若平面BCDF ⊥平面ACDE ，且2DE=，问：线段DF 上是否存在点M ，使得直线MN 与平面的ABF 所成角的正弦值为310?若存在，求出DM DF的值；若不存在，请说明理由． 【答案】（1）证明见解析（2）存在，1DM DF=−【解析】【分析】（1）根据中位线和平行四边形的性质得到MN DG ∥，然后根据线面平行的判定定理证明； （2）建系，然后利用空间向量的方法列方程，解方程即可.【小问1详解】取AC 中点G ，连接NG ，GD ，因为,N G 分别为,AB AC 中点，所以NG BC ∥，12NG BC =， 因为四边形BCDF 为菱形，M 为DF 中点， 所以DM BC ∥，12DM BC =， 所以NG DM ∥，NG DM =，则四边形NGDM 为平行四边形，所以MN DG ∥，因为MN ⊄平面ACDE ，DG ⊂平面ACDE ，所以MN ∥平面ACDE .【小问2详解】取DF 中点H ，连接CH ，CF因为平面BCDF ⊥平面ACDE ，平面BCDF ∩平面ACDE CD =，AC CD ⊥，AC ⊂平面ACDE ， 所以AC ⊥平面BCDF ，因为CH ⊂平面BCDF ，CB ⊂平面BCDF ，所以AC CH ⊥，AC CB ⊥，因为120DCB ∠=°，四边形BCDF 为菱形，所以三角形DCF 为等边三角形，因为H 为DF 中点，所以CH DF ⊥，CH CB ⊥，所以,,CH CB AC 两两垂直，以C 为原点，分别以,,CA CB CH 为,,x y z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，()N ，()4,0,0A，()0,B，()F，()0,D，()0,DF =，()4,AB =−，()AF =−，()2,ND =−− 设DM DF λ=，则()0,,0DM DF λ==，()2,NM ND DM =+=−− ， 设平面ABF 的法向量为(),,m x y z = ，则40430m AB x m AF x z ⋅=−+= ⋅=−++=，令x =2y =，z =，所以m = ，3cos ,10NM m NM m NM m ⋅==，解得1λ=或1+（舍去）， 所以线段DF 上存在点M ，使得直线MN 与平面ABF 所成角的正弦值为310， 此时1DM DF =−22. 已知椭圆22:143x y C +=的左、右顶点分别为,A B ，右焦点为F ，过点A 且斜率为(0)k k ≠的直线l交椭圆C 于点P ．（1）若||AP =k 的值； （2）若圆F 是以F 为圆心，1为半径的圆，连接PF ，线段PF 交圆F 于点T ，射线AP 上存在一点Q ，使得QT BT ⋅ 为定值，证明：点Q 在定直线上．【答案】（1）1±（2）证明见解析【解析】【分析】（1）设():2l y k x =+，(),P P P x y ，联立直线与椭圆方程，求出P 点坐标，再由两点间的距离公式求出k ；（2）由P 点坐标可求得PF 斜率，进而得到PF 方程，与圆的方程联立可得T 点坐标；设()(),2Q m k m +，利用向量数量积坐标运算表示出()224841k m QT BT k −⋅=+ ，可知若QT BT ⋅ 为定值，则2m =，知()2,4Q k ；当直线PF 斜率不存在时，验证可知2m =满足题意，由此可得定直线方程.【小问1详解】依题意可得()2,0A −，可设():2l y k x =+，(),P P P x y ， 由()222143y k x x y =+ += ，消去y 整理得()2222341616120k x k x k +++−=， ()22Δ483441440k k ∴=+−=>，221612234P k x k −∴−=+， 226834P k x k −∴=+，222681223434P k k y k k k −=+= ++ ， 2226812,3434k k P k k −∴ ++，所以A P=21k =或23132k =−（舍去）， 所以1k =±.【小问2详解】 由（1）知2226812,3434k k P k k − ++，()1,0F ， 若直线PF 斜率存在，则2414PF k k k =−，∴直线214:14k PF x y k−=+，由()222141411k x y k x y −=+ −+= 得222441k y k = + ，又点T 线段PF 上， 所以22241441x k ky k = + = + ，即2224,4141k T k k ++ ，又()2,0B ， 22284,4141k k BT k k ∴=− ++， 设()(),2Q m k m +，则()()322242242,4141m k m k mk m QT k k −++−−+−= ++， ()()()()()()()22422222228421628448414141k mk m m k m k k m k QT BT k k −+−++−−+∴⋅=++ ()224841k m k −=+； 当480m −=时，0QT BT ⋅= 为定值，此时2m =，则()2,4Q k ，此时Q 在定直线2x =上；当480m −≠时，QT BT ⋅ 不为定值，不合题意；若直线PF 斜率不存在，由椭圆和圆的对称性，不妨设31,2P ，从而有()1,1T ，()2,0B ， 此时12AP k =，则直线()1:22AP y x =+， 设()1,22Q m m +，则()11,122QT m m =−−+ ，()1,1BT =− ，112QT BT m ∴⋅=− ， 则2m =时，0QT BT ⋅=，满足题意； 综上所述：当0QT BT ⋅= 为定值，点Q在定直线2x =上.【点睛】关键点点睛：本题考查椭圆与向量的综合应用问题，涉及到椭圆中的向量数量积问题的求解；本在题求解点Q 所在定直线的关键是能够根据Q 点横纵坐标之间的关系，结合向量数量积坐标运算化简QT BT ⋅ ，将QT BT ⋅ 化为关于Q 点横坐标和直线斜率的关系式，从而分析确定定值后，再得到Q 点坐标的特征.。
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中检测数学试题
=
3h ，并得到 A1B1 = B1C1 = 10 ， 3
根据 ÐA1B1D1 + ÐC1B1D1 = π 得到 cos ÐA1B1D1 + cos ÐC1B1D1 = 0 ，结合余弦定理得到方程，求 出 h = 20 ，得到筑物的高度 DE .
答案第31 页，共22 页
【详解】设 D1E = h ，因为 tana =
故选：C.
答案第11 页，共22 页
4．C 【分析】根据指数函数、对数函数的性质判断即可.
【详解】因为 a = 1.20.5 > 1.20 = 1， 0 = log51 < log5 2 < log5
5
=
1 2
，即 0
<
b
<
1 2
，
0.5
=
0.51
<
0.50.2
<
0.50
=1
，即
1 2
<
c
< 1，
b
g
，
，其中 tana
=
6 ， tan b = 2 ， tan g = 2
3 ，点 D 为点 E 在地面上的正投影，点 D1 为
DE 上与 A1 ， B1 ， C1 位于同一高度的点，则建筑物的高度 DE 为（ ）米．
A．20
B．22
C．40
D．42
( ) 8．设函数 f ( x) = ex-1 - e1-x + sin ( x -1) ，则关于 x 的不等式 f x2 - x - 2 + f (-2x) ³ 0 的解集
( ) (3)设
g
(
x)
=
sin
名校教研联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试 英语参考答案
绝密★启用前高二英语参考答案第一部分听力1-5CBBCC6-10ABACB11-15BBCBA16-20CABCA听力录音文本Text1W:It’s raining heavily outside.Let’s order in.M:But we’ll have to wait about25minutes to get our food.W:That’s OK.We are in no hurry.Text2W:What’s our schedule for tomorrow?M:Sunrise at6:00AM,market at9:00AM,historic site till4:00PM,and back by5:30PM.W:Sounds good.Text3W:Phillip,our project deadline is November20th,isn’t it?M:Well,the20th is the final deadline,but let’s aim to finish everything by the17th,so we can attend the campus concert the next day.W:Sounds like a plan.Text4W:Excuse me,could you help me reach that book on the top shelf?M:Of course.Here you go,“The Great Gatsby”.W:Thank you so much!That’s exactly the one I was looking for.Text5M:Honey,why did you buy such a large yogurt?W:I’m trying to reduce waste and larger containers can help me do that.They actually use less plastic packaging. M:Oh,that’s a thoughtful idea.Text6W:Mr.Smith,the robotics club members are eager to visit the science exhibition this weekend.Would it be possible for me to take them?M:What about their robotics competition preparations?Have they completed everything?W:Well,they’re just about done.Actually,they are doing some final checks right now.M:That’s good to hear.W:Absolutely,they’ve put in a lot of hard work,and this exhibition could be a great source of inspiration for them. M:Well then,go ahead.Make sure it’s a one-day trip so they have Sunday to rest.W:Understood.I’ll plan accordingly.Text7M:Have you checked out the smart home exhibition yet?W:Not yet,but I’ve heard it’s amazing.What’s on display?M:The leaflet says they have all sorts of smart devices—wireless lights that respond to voice commands and AI-powered device that can adjust the indoor temperature.It’s really futuristic.W:Sounds interesting.Will there be smart curtains that can change colors to match the mood?M:Well,I’m not entirely sure about smart curtains.Want to go check it out?W:Absolutely!I’d love to explore it with you.But I’d love to search online for the newest smart home technology in advance.Text8M:How old did you say your pet dog is,Nancy?W:Well,Max is Eleven.M:Wow,that’s pretty old.W:Yeah,I love him so much.I don’t know what to do when he’s gone.M:Well,you can clone him,you know.I heard there is a company in California that offers a pet cloning service.For $15,000,you can have an exact copy of your pet.W:Clone him?That kind of scares me.Pretty soon,they’ll start cloning people,and then...M:I don’t think it’s going to happen.I think cloning will be used in positive ways.W:Like what?M:Like saving endangered animal species before they become extinct.W:Well,I’m all for that.But honestly,having my pet cloned is really beyond my comfort zone.M:I completely understand.It’s quite a personal choice.W:Thanks.By the way,do you know of any dog-friendly spots in the area?I’m still exploring the neighborhood. Text9M:Hi,I’m Alex.Let me show you around.Here’s the weight room.We’ve got the newest machines,our instructors can show you how to use them.W:This is cool.I really need to start lifting weights.M:And right next to this room is a cardio class.W:I’ve never tried cardio,is it just dancing?M:Not really.Actually,they are working harder than you think.Cardio is very good for your heart.But you should do it three times a week if you want to be in good shape.W:Well,I already jog three times a week.M:That’s terrific.W:You also have boxing and yoga classes here,don’t you?M:Yes,I’ll give you schedules of classes when we finish our tour.Now here is our swimming pool.W:Wow,look at that lady in the middle lane.She is really fast with graceful moves,isn’t she?M:Oh,yeah.That’s Ellen,one of our instructors.W:I’d like to take lessons from her.M:You are not the only one.If you join her now,you can enjoy a student discount.Text10Dear listeners,Goldspotters is a musical talent discovery and star-making platform for teens and young adults.Our audience mainly consists of young people who use their phones and social media to discover new artists and enjoy music.Many of our platform’s users are young talents themselves.They favor authentic,do-it-yourself approaches to producing and promoting their music.Currently,we’re in the process of launching a podcast program called Goldspotters Pod.Each episode will feature a new musician who can offer valuable tips to newcomers who are eager to make a name in the music industry.We are always looking for voices that can briefly introduce various topics related to making music and getting it heard.These introductions will last approximately15to20minutes,and the content may vary from how-to tips to personal stories or anecdotes from young musicians.Our goal is for the podcast to offer valuable advice on online music creation and self-promotion.Join us and share your knowledge with fellow musicians!第二部分阅读第一节A【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章为图书爱好者介绍了三种图书订阅盒。
2020届湖北华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案
2020届湖北华中师范大学第一附属中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOvernight French ToastWhat You’ll Need•16-ounce loaf of French bread•5 eggs•1 1 /2 cups milk•1/2 cup half-and-half•1/3 cup maple syrup（枫糖浆）•1/2 teaspoon salt•foil（锡箔纸）•2 tablespoons melted butter（for topping）•2 tablespoons maple syrup（for topping）What to Do•With an adult’s help, cut the bread into 1-inch slices.•Place the eggs, milk, half-and-half, maple syrup, and salt into a large bowl. Stir（揽拌）the mixture until blended（混合均匀）.•Place the sliced bread into a baking dish. Pour the mixtureover the bread and press the slices into it. Cover the dish with foil and refrigerate overnight.•Remove the dish from the refrigerator at least one hour before baking. Ask an adult for help to preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake the French toast for 35 minutes or until golden brown.•For the topping, combine the melted butter and 2 tablespoons of maple syrup. Pour it over the French toast before serving.1.How much salt will you need to make a French toast?A.1/3 cup.B.1/2 teaspoon.C.2 tablespoons.D.16 ounces.2.How will you use foil?A.Place the sliced breadB.Cover the dish.C.Remove the dish.D.Eat the French toast.3.Who is the passage written for?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Cooks.D.Kids.BIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”4. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.5. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.6. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easilyB. helping do research on other butterfly-like insectsC. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehiclesD. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?CShanghairesidents passing through the city’s eastern Huangpu district in Octobermight have astonished at an unusual sight: a “walking” building. An 85-year-old primary school has been lifted off the ground in its entirety and relocated using new technology named the “walking” machine.In the city’s latest effort to preserve historic structures, engineers used nearly 200 mobile supports under the five-story building. The supports act like robotic legs. They’re split into two groups which in turns rise up and down, imitating the human step. Attached sensors help control how the building moves forward.TheLagenaPrimary School, which weighs 7,600 tons, faced a new challenge — it’s T-shaped, while previously relocated structures were square or rectangular. Experts and technicians met to discuss possibilities and test a number of different technologies before deciding on the “walking machine”.Over the course of 18 days, the building was rotated 21degrees and moved 62 meters away to its new location. The old school building is set to become a center for heritage protection and cultural protection. The project marks the first time this “walking machine” method has been used inShanghaito relocate a historical building.In recent years,China’s rapid modernization has seen many historic buildingsrazedto clear land for skyscrapers and office buildings. But there has been growing concern about the architectural heritage loss as a result of destruction across the country.Shanghaihas beenChina’s most progressive city when it comes to heritage preservation. The survival of a number of 1930s buildings in the famous Bund district and 19th-century “Shikumen” houses in the repairedXintiandi neighborhood has offered examples of how to give old buildings new life. The city also has a track record of relocating old buildings. In 2018, the city relocated a 90-year-old building in Hongkou district, which was then considered to beShanghai’s most complex relocation project to date.8. How did the primary school get moved?A. By reducing the weight of it.B. By using movable supports.C. By dividing it into several parts.D. By using robotic legs.9. What does the underlined word “razed” probably mean in Paragraph 5?A. Replaced.B. Burnt.C. Protected.D. Destroyed.10. What can we infer about the heritage preservation inChina?A. The use of advanced technology leads to growing concern.B. Shanghai is the pioneer in preserving architectural heritage.C.A number of old buildings have been given new life.D. Many historic buildings will be relocated.11. What is the passage mainly about?A. New preservation campaigns are launched inChina.B. New technology gives new life to historic buildings.C. A building inShanghai“walks” to a new location.D. “Walking machine” makes heritage protection simpler.D“Tell her,” I whispered to my daughter as she pressed her body against mine. She folded my free arm around her little shoulders while I finished loading the groceries onto the conveyer belt.I smiled at the young cashier who had a butterfly knot tied to her black ponytail(马尾辫). My daughter was right when she'd whispered to me, “Her hair is so pretty.”“Tell her,” I repeated witha gentle push. My girl only dug her pink cheeks deeper into my side as she nervously twisted the edge of my sleeve in her small fist.The cashier looked down at my daughter, her expression showing a little concern. “My daughter thinks your hair is beautiful.” I explained.The cashier's face lit up. “You do?” This led my little one out of her hiding place. She looked up and nodded.“Thank you so much! You made my day,” the cashier said with a smile brilliant enough to compete with her highlights. My daughter returned it with a shining smile of her own.As I walked out of the store, holding my daughter's hand, I stole a glance back at the young woman. Her energy was clearly brighter now than it had: been when we first entered her line.After loading my groceries in the trunk, I climbed into the driver's seat. It was then that my daughter made a declaration, “Mom, I think I'm going to start telling everyone when I like their hair.” “You should, honey.” And she did. She still does.It's a rare occasion if we make a trip out in public without her telling someone that she loves their hair, or nails, or shirt, or shoes. To be honest, I think she even does so more than me. And it's one of my favorite things about this girl. She learned, at a very young age, that by simply telling people when you see beauty in them, you can draw out the beauty of human connection.12. Why was the author's daughter nervous in the store?A. She was frightened of the cashier.B. She was too shy to express herself.C. She was unable to pay the groceries.D. She was unhappy to greet a stranger.13. What made the cashier more energetic in her work?A. The praise from a little girl.B. The support of the customers.C. The competition environment.D. The understanding of a mother.14. What does the author think of her daughter now?A. Kind and independent.B. Lively and cheerful.C. Careful and generous.D. Smart and proud.15. What is the best title of the text?A. The Beauty Of Good MannersB. The Power In Raising Others UpC. A Girl's New Way OutOf TroubleD. A Mother's Love For Her Daughter第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三第二次学业质量评价检测英语试题(2)
2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三第二次学业质量评价检测英语试题(2)一、听力选择题1. Why does the woman look so tired?A．She is not feeling very well today.B．She thinks that the weather is pleasant.C．She has been staying up quite late recently.D．She has been working hard for too long a time.2. What color was the jacket the man wore yesterday?A．Blue.B．Black.C．Green.3. What is probably the man?A．A journalist.B．A student.C．A teacher.4. 听下面句子。
从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出你所听到的单词或短语。
A．potential B．powerful C．practical5. What are the speakers talking about?A．How to improve work efficiency.B．How to choose secretaries.C．The responsibilities of secretaries.D．The secretaries in the man’s company.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What do we know about the first house?A．It’s near a farm.B．It’s well-equipped.C．It’s decorated with fruits.2. What is unnecessary in the second place according to the man?A．The washing machine.B．The refrigerator.C．The swimming pool.3. Which place will the speakers choose?A．The first one.B．The second one.C．The third one.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中英语试题
湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解The 3 best cameras to film a TikTokWhile a high-end smartphone can record TikToks at a capable quality, using a camera has several advantages. They usually have interchangeable lenses and better dynamic range. They also have high image quality. Here are the 3 best TikTok cameras to create wonderful content with:1. Canon Powershot G7X Mark IIIThe Canon Powershot G7X Mark III is an outstanding high-end pocket camera. The1-inch sensor and Digic 8 processor capture stunning 4K video clips up to 10 minutes long. This pocket camera can livestream directly to YouTube and has a flip-out screen for a pleasant vlogging (拍摄并上传视频) experience.AdvantagesImpressive colorLive video streamingFlip LCD, ideal for vloggingDisadvantagesBelow average battery life, up to an hour10 minute limit on 4K video2. Panasonic Lumix GH5Panasonic Lumix GH5 is an outstanding mirrorless camera that steadily drops in price. It boasts excellent low-light performances. If you’re looking for a camera that is great for TikTok but also captures beautiful stills (剧照), consider the GH5.AdvantagesBreathtaking image qualityAffordable for a mirrorlessAlmost no noiseDisadvantagesFairly large and heavyBelow average battery life, up to 120 minutes3. Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 6KThe Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 6K is no toy and it’s not for beginners. It’s a camera with excellent build and controls. With an incredible dynamic range, the BPCC 6K captures stunning color with a great light sensitivity range. It’s the best camera for the most experienced content creator.AdvantagesBest of the bestOutstanding build and controlsCompatible with a range of Canon EF lensesDisadvantagesPrice tag to match the skillsComplex for TikTokWhat’s next?Let’s get started! Entertain and amaze your viewers with the best content on TikTok in 2023. If you are unsure where to start, click on how to use TikTok for a step-by-step guide. 1．What belongs to the advantage of Panasonic Lumix GH5?A．Flip-out screens.B．Excellent build and controlsC．Small size and light weight.D．Excellent low-light performances. 2．Who would you recommend Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 6K to?A．Those who enjoy vlogging.B．Those who are senior photographers. C．Those who just get started in photography.D．Those who are unwilling to spend much money.3．Where can you see the text probably?A．On a website.B．In a magazine.C．In a newspaper.D．In a guidebook about cameras.Sirine Jahangir has been singing, writing and performing music since she was a little girl. She lost all her vision in one eye by the time she turned 5, so now the teen uses her gift “as a way to —not escape, but to help me through.” Not only did her passion get her through some difficult times, but when she was 14 it also brought her to the “Britain’s Got Talent” stage, where she impressed everyone with her performance.Sirine has a rare condition that left her completely blind by the time she was 10 years old. While her parents and doctors have tried to find treatments for her, there isn’t much they can do. So her parents focused on helping her adjust to her new life, which was when her dad said she was first introduced to music. “I remember one day, we were driving in the car. This is about when she was getting to the stage where she couldn’t look out the window anymore to see things, and I didn’t know what to do. I just put the music on really loud. She started singing in the car, and she was so happy. And then she just found happiness every time I put it on,” her father said.It didn’t take long for them to realize Sirine has tremendous talent. When she appeared on “Britain’s Got Talent”, she told everyone just how much her passion means to her. “I guess music is my vision,” she said. “That’s just what I live by, and music is my thing.” Then she headed over to the piano, where she played the piano and sang beautifully enough to bring the audience to tears! Unsurprisingly to everyone but Sirine, all four judges voted her into the next round of the competition!Afterward, she said, “I can’t even say it’s a dream come true, because I didn’t even dream of it at any point... I never thought that would be realistic in my life.”4．What helped Sirine get through her difficult times?A．Britain’s Got Talent.B．Her passion for music.C．Support from her parents and doctors.D．Encouragement from four judges. 5．What can we learn from the passage?A．Sirine displayed all her passion on stage.B．Sirine lost her sight totally at the age of five.C．Her parents focused on treatments all the way.D．Sirine was not surprised at the judges’ decision.6．What does the underlined “it” refer to in the second paragraph?A．Music.B．Clothes.C．Talent.D．Microphone. 7．Which of the following would be the best title for the story?A．Never give up your dream.B．Music lights up the world.C．True happiness lies in competition.D．Life can be too good to be true.I am standing next to a five-year old girl in Pormpuraaw, a small Aboriginal (土著的) community in northern Australia. When I ask her to point north, she points precisely andwithout hesitation. My compass says she is right. Later, back in a lecture hall at Stanford University, I make the same request of an audience of excellent professors. Many refuse; they do not know the answer.A five-year-old in one culture can do something with ease that great scientists in other cultures struggle with. This is a big difference in cognitive (认知的) ability. What could explain it? The surprising answer, it turns out, may be language.Around the world people communicate with one another using a variety of languages— 7,000 or so all told— and each language requires very different things from its speakers. For example, suppose I want to tell you that I saw Uncle Vanya on 42nd Street. In Mian, a language spoken in Papua New Guinea, the verb I used would reveal whether the event happened just now, yesterday or in the distant past, whereas in Indonesia, the verb wouldn’t even give away whether it had already happened or was still coming up. In Russian, the verb would reveal my gender.Research in my lab and in many others has been uncovering how language shapes even the most basic concept of human experience: space, time, and relationships to others. Unlike English, the language spoken in Pormpuraaw does not use relative spatial terms such as left and right. Rather speakers talk in terms of absolute directions. Of course, in English we also use direction terms but only for large spatial scales (标度). We would not say, for example, “They set the salad forks southeast of the dinner forks!” But in Pormpuraaw, absolute directions are used at all scales. This means one ends up saying things like “the cup is southeast of the plate” or “the boy standing to the south of Mary is my brother.”8．How does the author mainly explain the role language plays in the different cognition? A．By giving numbers.B．By making comparisons.C．By describing personal experiences.D．By presenting different viewpoints. 9．What contributes to the girl’s success in pointing the direction?A．Her training in Stanford University.B．The challenge from professors. C．The language she speaks.D．The English culture she absorbs. 10．What can be shown from the verb used in the language Mian?A．The time.B．The gender.C．The space.D．The event. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards the language spoken in Pormpuraaw? A．Favorable.B．Cautious.C．Negative.D．Objective.In the book Consciousness Explained, the cognitive scientist Daniel Dennett describes a kind of fish, which wanders through the sea looking for a suitable rock to make its home for life. On finding one, the fish no longer needs its brain and eats it. Humanity is unlikely to adopt such an eating habit but there is a worrying trend that people are dumping themselves down by becoming overly dependent on “intelligent” machines, especially when ChatGPT comes out.Since its launch in November 2022, ChatGPT has drawn 1 million people to register during the first week. Its allure is obvious: ChatGPT can produce jokes, write undergraduate essays and create computer code from a short writing prompt (提示).But this is a false impression. Computers have become more capable but they lack genuine thinking, developed in humans through constant social practices. ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; and cannot tell if it is making sense. So why all the fuss? Google’s new AI-powered search tool, Bard was released in March 2023, making its ambition obvious in its promotional video. Theprofit-driven competition to fill our daily lives with artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly fierce.Humans have a long track of turning a blind eye to the risks of new breakthroughs. Web companies want to draw their users to think extremely highly of their AI tools, encouraging humanity to think them far beyond human’s cognitive competence. As we know, the rise of civilization through art and agriculture contributes mostly to the remarkable human mental powers. No one knows what will happen to such technologies if the software engineers of the future make themselves become software programs. Maybe the danger is not machines being treated like humans, but humans being treated like machines.12．Why does the author mention “the fish” in the first paragraph?A．To stress the importance of intelligent machines.B．To introduce a new kind of eating habit in animals.C．To compare with human’s unwillingness to think.D．To praise the excellence of human thinking ability.13．What does the underlined word “allure” mean in the second paragraph?A．Target.B．Attraction.C．Setting D．Access. 14．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A．Human beings are being treated like machines.B．Money matters much behind the AI competition.C．Computers are skilled at completing cognitive tasks.D．People should trust software more than themselves.15．What does the text mainly talk about?A．ChatGPT has both benefits and risks.B．Human depends overly on intelligent tools.C．More intelligent technology is always better.D．Human’s cognitive competence is irreplaceable.二、七选五When I was a child, my grandparents bought a second home in Arkansas and wouldwould collect cool-looking rocks and refill the hummingbird feeders. Almost every afternoon we would drive down to Bull Shoals lake, the “swimming hole,” and take a swim.I always remember my grandparents calling me over to the window when a deer family was in the yard or a few hummingbirds were at the feeders so that I could watch them.____17____. I remember repeating to myself “oak trees, dogwood trees, maple trees” over and over so that I could impress him by remembering. I would search around the yard, and if I was lucky I would find a turtle. If I did find a turtle I would go to get my grandfather so that he could pick it up and put it in the kiddy pool for me to observe for a few minutes.____18____ After I finished observing the turtle, my grandfather would pick it back up and return it to the bush I found it in. I would watch in amazement as it slowly stuck its legs out and crawled back under.____19____ It was quiet and full of interesting natural things I never got to see in Illinois. I could definitely tell that my grandparents had an appreciation for nature as well. They disturb the land around them as little as possible and didn’t see it as annoyance, rather a beautiful view.I think we should take the time to appreciate and observe the natural world around us. When we do this, we find that it brings us happiness and has a great value beyond just that of resources. Preservation of the natural world is important as we are dependent upon it for life. ____20____A．I was always amazed by creatures like this.B．I followed my grandfather while he did yard work.C．I always felt very at peace at my grandparents’ homeD．Our experiences with nature have shaped my life values.E．Walking in the forest always makes me feel relaxed and energetic.F．My grandfather taught me the names of different trees in the yard.G．We can’t harm it at such a rate where it will never return to what it once was.三、完形填空I recently spent a week on the Greek island of Ikaria with my partner, exploring the22．A．disadvantages B．philosophies C．functions D．intentions 23．A．noticed B．confirmed C．recorded D．assumed 24．A．ordinary B．sudden C．constant D．illegal 25．A．seriously B．slowly C．quickly D．personally 26．A．rest B．lesson C．ride D．leave 27．A．expected B．refused C．managed D．needed 28．A．appreciate B．accept C．provide D．promote 29．A．makes out B．stirs up C．focuses on D．adapts to 30．A．light B．rich C．hot D．salty 31．A．tended B．used C．promised D．decided 32．A．boating B．skating C．hiking D．driving 33．A．Besides B．Therefore C．However D．Overall 34．A．process B．conduct C．amount D．pace 35．A．admire B．copy C．balance D．measure四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省黄冈市部分普通高中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
湖北省黄冈市部分普通高中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Best apps to learn how to play guitarTrueFireTrueFire is a video lesson platform with a lot of big-name teachers. Courses range from the introduction of whole types to deep-dives into specific theory concepts. For most courses, there’re multiple camera angles offering close-ups of the left and right hands. Because of this presenting style, however, things can get crowded on the mobile app—it’s definitely a platform that works better on a desktop.Courses can be purchased individually, but this’ll be expensive if you’re planning on buying more than a couple. Grabbing an All Access subscription will instead give you unlimited streams of TrueFire’s entire list.Price: Either per-course, or $ 29/month or $249/yearThe Gibson AppGibson’s new smartphone app is aimed at guitarists of all levels. Essentially, this is a system that responds to you as you play along to lessons and exercises, making the experience feel like an interactive lesson. What we especially like about the app is how players get a free one-on-one video guidance with a professional Gibson guitar tech.Price: $ 14.99 a month or $ 89.99 a yearYousicianYousician is designed for both beginners and intermediate players. Suitable for guitar, bass and even ukulele, the app offers step-by-step video tutorials, plus the ability to provide instant feedback on your performance. The app is free to download but it does require a subscription for unlimited and uninterrupted playtime across all platforms.Price: Free(subscription service offered starting at $19.99 per month)BandLabBandLab is the perfect DAW(Digital Audio Workstation) for cooperation. You can upload tracks to the cloud-based workstation to further your music with over 100 guitar and bass presets. Not in the mood to write? Then discover and stream millions of tracks made byemerging and established artists to stimulate your creativity. It’s also totally free, with no paywalls or subscriptions.Price: Free1．What is suggested for the first app?A．Using it on a desktop.B．Selecting your favorite teacher.C．Buying the courses individually.D．Starting with specific theory concepts. 2．What do The Gibson App and Yousician have in common?A．Neither of them can be downloaded for free.B．Neither of them is suitable for beginners.C．They both provide paid video tutorials.D．They both provide real-time feedback.3．Which app can be used totally free?A．TrueFire B．BandLab C．Yousician D．The Gibson AppOn March 25,2010, Kate and David Ogg heard the words every parent fears: Their newborn wasn’t going to make it. Their twins—a girl and a boy—were born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds each. Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no improvement. His heartbeat was nearly gone, and he’d stopped breathing. The baby had just moments to live.“I saw him gasp, but the doctor said it was no use,” Kate told the Daily Mail five years later. “I know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a sign of life. I wasn’t going to give up easily.”Still, the Sydney couple knew this was likely goodbye. In an effort to cherish her last minutes with the tiny boy, Kate asked to hold him.“I wanted to meet him, and for him to know us,” Kate told Today. “We’d resigned ourselves to the fact that we were going to lose him, and we were just trying to make the most of those last, precious moments.”Kate unwrapped the boy, whom the couple had already named Jamie, from his hospital blanket and ordered David to take his shirt off and join them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his condition. They also talked to him.“We were trying to persuade him to stay,” Kate told the Daily Mail. “We explained hisname and that he had a twin that he had to look out for and how hard we had tried to have him.”Then something miraculous happened. Jamie gasped again—and then he started breathing. Finally, he reached for his father’s finger.The couple’s lost boy had made it.“We’re the luckiest people in the world,” David told Today. Eight years later, Jamie and his sister, Emily, are happy and healthy. The Oggs only recently told the kids the story of their birth. “Emily burst into tears,” Kate said. “She was really upset, and she kept hugging Jamie. This whole experience makes you cherish them more.”4．Why was the newborn not going to make it?A．Because he had just moments to live.B．Because his heartbeat was nearly gone.C．Because he was 14 weeks premature.D．Because he weighed just over 2 pounds.5．What does Kate’s words mean in paragraph 4?A．The doctors thought it no use saving the boy.B．The doctor had no idea how to save the boy.C．Kate was prepared to resign her position.D．Kate cherished her last minutes with the boy.6．What did the first-time parents did to save the boy?A．To have eye contact.B．To touch him skin to skin.C．To tell him stories.D．To grasp his hands tightly.7．Which is the best title of the article?A．Wonders of love B．Premature twinsC．Life-giving touch D．Precious momentsIn the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England created “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded(嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow.Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing.In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically. Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi’s and Adidas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly. Researchers said they could soon unlock an era where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help.At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabric s that can shape-shift. Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave into sheets of fabric. These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes. But challenges still remain for Do’s team, notably around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics.Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential.” It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry, she said. Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward. “Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life.” she said.8．What inspired the researchers to come up with “The Right Trousers”?A．A film.B．A blood issue.C．The way electrical pumps work.D．The way the elderly and disabled move.9．What did scientists at MIT do last year?A．They put sensors in clothes.B．They created movable robotic fibers.C．They made batteries for robotic clothing.D．They released smart clothing connected to cellphones.10．What does Do’s team find challenging?A．Making robotic tubes smaller.B．Keeping robotic tubes properly shaped.C．Producing stronger robotic tubes.D．Programming the shape of robotic tubes.11．What is Rebecca’s attitude toward the future of smart clothing?A．Doubtful.B．Indifferent.C．Worried.D．Hopeful.You can see it with the naked eye and pick it up with a pair of tweezers (镊子) — not bad for a bacterium. Scientists say they have discovered the world’s largest variety in the mangroves (红树林) of Guadeloupe, putting its small peers to shame.Bacteria are the planet’s oldest life forms, essential to most living organisms. But at up to 2cmin length, the “Thiomargarita magnifica” is around 5,000 times bigger than most bacteria and has a more complex structure, according to a study published in the journal Science.The discovery “shakes up a lot of knowledge” in microbiology, co-author of the study Olivier Gros said. In his laboratory, Professor Gros was amazed at a test tube holding white strands (细丝). Originally, he thought it was “anything but a bacterium” because normal bacteria are only between 1-5 micrometers long. The largest-known bacterium until now had a maximum length of around 750 micrometers. This species averages 10,000 micrometers (around 1cm), with some growing up to twice that length. Techniques revealed it was a bacterial organism, but there was no guarantee it was a single cell. Associate Professor Silvina Gonzalez-Rizzo found it belonged to the Thiomargarita family. Next a researcher in Paris suggested they were indeed dealing with just one cell — but a first attempt at peer review a few years later was abandoned.“We were told, ‘This is interesting, but we lack the information to believe you’,” Professor Gros said, adding that they needed stronger images to provide proof.Then with financial backing and access to some of the best tools in the field, Dr Jean-Marie Volland and his colleagues began building up a picture of the bacterium. It was clearly enormous by bacterial standards. Scaled up (增大) to human proportions, it would be like meeting someone as tall as Mount Qomolangma”, Dr V olland said. Specialist 3D microscope images finally made it possible to prove that the entire strand was indeed a single cell.They also helped Dr V olland make a “completely unexpected” discovery. Normally, a bacterium’s DNA floats freely in the cell. But in this giant species, it is pressed firmly in small structures, which are “normally a feature of human, animal and plant cells, complex organisms... but not bacteria,” Dr V olland said.12．What does the underlined word “peers” in paragraph 1 refer to?A．other bacteria B．other scientistsC．a pair of tweezers D．mangroves in other places13．What can we learn about Professor Gros’ initial judgment on the white strands?A．It was confirmed by Silvina Gonzalez-Rizzo.B．It represented a breakthrough in the field of microbiology.C．It was made based on his previous knowledge about bacteria.D．It gave inspiration to other scientists’ research on the strands’ structure.14．What did researchers need to provide to prove their findings?A．The process of their research.B．Data on the weight of a single cell.C．Stronger pictures of the bacterium.D．Comparison among various bacteria.15．What is another discovery about the “Thiomargarita magnifica” according to the last paragraph?A．It has the feature of complex organisms.B．Its DNA floats freely inside it.C．Its length is twice its width.D．It is a single cell.二、七选五Fear of missing out or FOMO is “a pervasive apprehension that others might be having rewarding experiences from which one is absent”. This social anxiety is characterized by “ashow the concern that he or she might miss an opportunity for social interaction, a novel experience, profitable investment or other satisfying events.Does FOMO make us happy? 17 Researchers have found that FOMO leads us to check social media more frequently, leading to a negative cycle that can be hard to break. FOMO can lead to feelings of depression, loneliness, and boredom. Your mood will be easily influenced by others and your life starts to be controlled by the outside world. What should people do to get rid of FOMO?Change your focusRather than focusing on what you lack, try noticing what you have. You can change your feeling that triggers your FOMO. “Meritocracy (精英) society” is advocated today, but in fact, everyone owns their own success. Try to reduce our screen time, focus on building your own path to success and do what you like. 18Keep a journalIt is common to post on social media to keep a record of the fun things you do. However, you may find yourself noticing a little too much about whether people are validating your experiences online. If this is the case, you may try to keep a personal journal of your best memories, either online or on paper. 19 This shift can sometimes help you to get out of the cycle of FOMO.20You may find yourself seeking a greater connection when you are feeling depressed or anxious, and this is healthy. Feelings of loneliness or exclusion are actually our brain’s way of telling us that we want to seek out greater connections with others and increase our sense of belonging. Rather than trying to connect more with people on social media, why not arrange to meet up with someone in person? Talking with families, making plans with a good friend, or creating a group outing that can help you to shake that feeling that you are missing out. It puts you in the center of the action.A．Seek out real connectionsB．The answer is definitely: NO.C．You should be confident in what you do and you’ll succeed one day.D．Live in the moment, you will find nothing is missing out in our life!E．As long as you focus on what you like, you will feel content with yourself.F．FOMO is also defined as a fear of regret, which may lead to a compulsive concern.G．Keeping a journal can help you to shift your focus from public approval to private appreciation of the things that make your life great.三、完形填空Joshua JJ Rowland, a 2-year-old boy, had been missing for 24 hours. It was believed thatOver 500 volunteers helped in 22 the baby. Nearly 24 hours passed. 23 , they could find the baby nowhere. “That long period everybody starts 24 the worst, and it’s hard not to. How can all these people search all this and not 25 a clue ?” Roy Link, one of the 26 , said. He decided to start searching on his own.When he came to an open field he was met with a(n) 27 two wooded areas with an open space in between. He 28 the forest on his left and heard the first cry. As it got louder, he 29 JJ. He could sense that the boy was 30 . The 2 year old held onto him closely and wouldn’t go to any place without him. “He had scratches (划痕) all over his arms and legs, but he really looked in good 31 . You know all the bad things start going through your mind, but then finding him healthy and alive, it’s just ... wow,” Link said. “And I was 32 that he managed to survive a day in the wild. Some adults wouldn’t have made it that long either.”Online commenters 33 Link for saving the 2 year old and named him the “Man of the Year”. Link was 34 about such a big title.“How could you not go when you heard that there was a need for volunteers to search for a 2-year-old child?” Link said.“I was just doing the 35 thing.”21．A．working B．traveling C．cooking D．sleeping 22．A．caring for B．looking for C．waiting for D．standing for 23．A．Unluckily B．Unsurprisingly C．Obviously D．Actually 24．A．avoiding B．wanting C．thinking D．experiencing 25．A．need B．give C．find D．receive 26．A．volunteers B．experts C．adults D．adventurers 27．A．challenge B．choice C．accident D．failure 28．A．managed B．protected C．cleared D．entered 29．A．tracked B．contacted C．discovered D．reminded 30．A．positive B．frightened C．awkward D．curious 31．A．health B．humor C．company D．position 32．A．thankful B．confident C．scared D．amazed 33．A．excused B．praised C．remembered D．lectured 34．A．confused B．worried C．excited D．moved 35．A．wise B．honest C．simple D．right四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省A9期中联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
A9高中联盟2023年秋季期中联考高二英语试卷试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are they talking about?A. Hobbies.B.Part-time jobs.C.Schoolwork.2. Where does the woman want to go?A.Korea.B.Canada.C.China.3. What street is the gas station on?A.South Street.B. Central Street.C.Turner Lane.4.What does the woman like best?A. Oranges.B. Apples.C.Watermelons.5.What does the man want to do?A. Ask for advice.B. Buy a shirt.C.Change a shirt.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Friends.B. Neighbors.C.Couples.7.What does the man do?A. A secretary.B.A manager.C. A math teacher.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解FOOTLOOSE FUNThe Isle of Wight Walking Festival is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year — and a number of similar events are taking place across the UK as the weather warms up.BEST FOR ISLANDSIsle of Wight Walking FestivalThis festival celebrates its 25th anniversary in 2024, with an event in spring and another in autumn. Book onto the spring session to see the island’s natural world beginning to stir — guided walks take participants in search of red squirrels, passing through bluebell (风铃草) woods, wading the shallows on a seagrass harvesting project and exploring the steep, splendid scenery of West Wight. 11-19 May.BEST FOR MOUNTAINSArran Mountain FestivalAnyone wishing to dip their toe into Scottish mountaineering should head to the Isle of Arran: not only are its hills said to represent the Highlands in mini size, but it also hosts the Arran Mountain Festival, with a programme of walks for multiple abilities. Head up Goatfell — the island’s highest point (874m) — or cross the A’Chir ridge, with vertical drops below. 17-20 May.BEST FOR EASY W ALKSSuffolk Walking FestivalIf the contours (等高线) of Wales, the English Lakes or the Scottish Highlands seem too hard, head to the more kindly slopes of Suffolk for this walking festival. Close to 60 guided walks explore this famously flat county, ranging from wanders beside the North Sea coast at mysterious Orford Ness to strolls amid the more picturesque landscapes of Dedham Vale. 11-26 May. 1．What makes Isle of Wight Walking Festival special?A．Location.B．Arrangement.C．Bio-diversity.D．Culture.2．What do readers know about Arran Mountain Festival?A．It offers some water sports.B．It will last for more than a week.C．It is famous for flat walking routes.D．It’s friendly for hikers of various abilities.3．Who is this passage mainly written for?A．An extreme athlete willing to challenge himself.B．A college researcher studying British geography.C．A tourist thinking of a hiking experience in UK.D．A businessman investing in UK’s tourist industry.For Mother’s Day I asked for one thing: a house cleaning service. Bathrooms and floors specifically, windows if the extra expense was reasonable. The gift, for me, was not so much in the cleaning itself but the fact that for once I would not be in charge of the household office work. I would not have to make the calls, get multiple quotes (报价), research and compare each service, arrange payment and schedule the appointment. The real gift I wanted was to be relieved of the emotional labor of a single task that had been nagging (唠叨) at the back of my mind. The clean house would simply be a bonus.My husband waited for me to change my mind to an “easier” gift than housecleaning, something he could one-click order on Amazon. Disappointed by my unwavering desire, the day before Mother’s Day he called a single service, decided they were too expensive, and promised to clean the bathrooms himself. He still gave me the choice, of course. He told me the high dollar amount of completing the cleaning services I requested (since I control the budget) and asked repeatedly if I still wanted him to book it.What I wanted was for him to ask friends on Facebook for a recommendation, call four or five more services, do the emotional labor I would have done if the job had fallen to me. I had wanted to hire out deep cleaning for a while, especially since my freelance (自由职业的) work had picked up considerably. The reason I hadn’t done it yet was part guilt over not doing my housework, and an even larger part of not wanting to deal with the work of hiring a service. I knew exactly how exhausting it was going to be. That’s why I asked my husband to do it as a gift.But, I was gifted a necklace for Mother’s Day while my husband stole away to deep sweep the bathrooms, leaving me to tend to our children as the rest of the house fell into total mess…4．Why did the author request a housecleaning service for Mother’s Day?A．To reduce her husband’s financial burden.B．To force her husband to do some housework.C．To treat herself to a break from household chores.D．To experience a pricy service for a special occasion.5．What does the underlined word “unwavering” in the 2nd paragraph mean?A．Unyielding.B．Undemanding.C．Unbearable.D．Unreasonable. 6．What did the author’s husband decide to do the day before Mother’s Day?A．He arranged for the service as a gift.B．He searched relevant information online.C．He determined to clean the bathroom himself.D．He purchased a necklace instead as an apology.7．How did the author feel about her husband’s final solution?A．She felt completely satisfied with it.B．She felt being ignored with her real needs.C．She was relieved to see her problem solved.D．She was disappointed but tried to understand him.One long gray ship at the Port of Los Angeles is doing its part to combat climate change. On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的) seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas.After a yearlong experiment, Captura is planning to open a 1000-ton-per-year facility that will bury the captured CO2in rock formations under the North Sea. Equatic, another Los Angeles-based startup, is launching an even larger 3650-ton-per-year ocean CO2 capture plant this year in Singapore.Supporters say capturing CO2from the ocean should be easier and cheaper than aseemingly more direct approach: extracting it directly from the air. Direct air capture, which relies on fans to sweep air past absorbent chemicals, currently costs between $600 to $1000 per ton of CO2 removed, largely because atmospheric CO2 is so thin, making up less than 0.05% of the air. Earth’s oceans, in contrast, hold the gas at a concentration nearly 150 times higher, and absorb roughly 30% of all CO2emissions each year. Companies say they should ultimately be able to capture CO2 at $100 per ton, or less.Ocean capture advocates are seeking government support. In the US, direct air capture plants earn a $180 tax credit per ton of removed CO2, but Ocean efforts currently don’t qualify. “A similar tax incentive (激励政策) for water-based CO2 removal is absolutely needed,” says Ruben Brands, CEO of Equatic.Even if the technology takes off, it will have to scale up massively to make a meaning contribution in offsetting (抵消) global emissions. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, by 2050 we will need to remove some 5 billion tons of CO2 every year to limit the global temperature increase to 1.5℃. So far, the ocean capture companies are pulling out only thousands of tons. Matthew Eisaman, a chief scientist at Captura, says, “We have an enormous challenge ahead of us.”8．How does the system in para. 1 work?A．It converts seawater into CO2.B．It releases CO2 into the atmosphere.C．It absorbs seawater and extracts CO2.D．It stores decarbonated seawater on the ship.9．What makes extracting CO2 from the ocean easier and cheaper?A．CO2 in seawater is more absorbent.B．CO2 is stored in solid form in seawater.C．CO2 in the ocean is more readily accessible.D．CO2 is naturally more concentrated in seawater.10．What is the Ruben Brands’s attitude toward the new form of capturing technology?A．Doubtful.B．Objective.C．Supportive.D．Indifferent. 11．What would be the best title of the passage?A．Combining Ocean CO2 Capture with Air CaptureB．Setting a New Example of Climate Change SolutionC．Analyzing Ocean CO2 Capture against Climate ChangeD．Exploring Oceanic Solutions for Reducing CO2 EmissionsThis is going to sound weird, but I want you to look closely for a moment at your thumbs. See how they bend flexibly forwards as well as back. The human thumb is not just a device for giving the thumbs-up sign or for picking up dropped keys. It is also one of the most efficient and sensitive tools in existence for determining the ripeness of fruit.However, most of us don’t use them that way anymore. One of the most striking things about eating in the modern world is that we act as if we were sense-blind. Our noses can distinguish fresh milk from sour milk, and yet we prefer to look at the use-by date rather than sniffing. Senses, wrote the late anthropologist Jack Goody, are “our windows on the world” —the main tools through which humans acquire information about our environments.But today, we have yielded many of the functions of our own senses to the modern food industry — which suits that industry just fine. A survey of 7,000 young people in 2011 found that most of them would be hypothetically (假设地) prepared to give up their sense of smell if it meant that they could keep their laptop or phone.In reality, it is not easy to live without a sense of smell. According to the survey data produced by Fifth Sense, more than half of the respondents having smell loss said that cooking had become a source of stress and anxiety because they could no longer experience the joy of trying new recipes, and could not easily tell when something was burned, which even increases feelings of loneliness and depression and leads to the breakdown of relationships.No human activity is more multi-sensory than eating, but to eat in the modern world is often to eat in a state of profound sensory disengagement. We order groceries on a computer, or takeaways on a phone, and they arrive wrapped in plastic, so that we can neither smell them nor see them before we take the first mouthful.12．In which way we mostly don’t use our thumbs according to the author?A．Squeeze a fig.B．Push a button.C．Hold a fork.D．Pick a key. 13．Why does the author mention the survey in 2011?A．To show the addiction to the Internet.B．To focus on the senseless young people.C．To highlight the ignorance about senses.D．To introduce a popular and modern lifestyle.14．What does the paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A．Daily troubles of sense loss.B．An uneasy world without senses.C．Mental concerns about sense loss.D．The robbed pleasure of cooking food. 15．What makes people lose sensory connection with food?A．A fast-paced modern lifestyle.B．Lessening interests about food.C．The development of computers.D．The convenient packaging technology.Culture shock is the feeling of losing direction experienced by someone suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture and way of life. 16 . This guide will inform you of the different stages of culture shock, helping you be better mentally prepared.1. The Honeymoon StageThe first stage of culture shock is often overwhelmingly positive during which travelers become fascinated with the language, people and food in their new surroundings. 17 . On short trips, the honeymoon phase may take over the entire experience as the later effects of culture shock don’t have time to set in.2. The Frustration StageFrustration may be the most difficult stage of culture shock and is probably familiar to anyone who has lived abroad or who travels frequently. At this stage, the stress of not understanding gestures, signs and the language sets in and miscommunications may be happening frequently. Small things — losing keys, missing the bus or not being able easily order food in a restaurant-may trigger frustration. 18 . These are common phenomenon that people tend to see as natural reactions.3. The Adjustment Stage19 . Navigation becomes easier, friends and communities of support are established and details of local languages may become more recognizable during the adjustment stage. People are comfortable with the cultures, people, food and languages of new environments.4. The Acceptance StageGenerally — though sometimes weeks, months or years after wrestling with the emotional stages outlined above — the final stage of culture shock is acceptance. Acceptance doesn’t mean that new cultures or languages are fully grasped. 20 . During the acceptance stage, travelers have the familiarity and are able to draw together the resources they need to feel at ease. A．It will fade out eventually as a result.B．It can be a difficult and overwhelming time.C．Travelers interpret culture shocks in unexpected ways.D．Then, depression and homesickness are bound to follow.E．People realize a complete understanding isn’t necessary.F．The experience seems like the greatest decision ever made.G．Frustration often moderates as travelers begin feeling familiar.二、完形填空As an artist, I am constantly struck by the profound impact that art can have on people’s lives. Recently, I have had an experience that 21 the great power of human connection.One day, as I was 22 my stand at an outdoor show, a young mother and her daughter caught my attention. The young girl was 23 fascinated by one of my earlier works, “The Children’s Spirit.” The piece 24 a young girl holding both of her hands up, 25 a butterfly. The work was mostly red in color, with one side dark and sad, and the other bright and 26 .As they explored my artwork, the mother began to tell me the little girl’s story. The child used to be an orphan who had experienced a lot of 27 during childhood, but had finally found a new 28 who cherished and raised her. The mother was moved by the piece and decided to buy a 29 of it. However, as she was leaving, she turned back and said, “I really want the original painting. But I need to 30 on it tonight.”Finally she came the next morning and quickly paid for the original and take it home with a huge smile.As an artist, I drew inspiration from my own experiences, emotions, and observations, creating pieces that are very 31 to me. But I am never quite sure how they will be32 by others. This encounter reminds me of the 33 bond art fosters. Each of the 34 emphasizes its ability to touch hearts, bridge gaps, and bring comfort. It showcases the timeless impact of art to unite and 35 us all.21．A．denied B．highlighted C．decreased D．transformed 22．A．adjusting to B．appealing to C．setting up D．wiping out 23．A．mildly B．barely C．apparently D．potentially 24．A．represented B．exposed C．predicted D．clarified 25．A．comforting B．bothering C．releasing D．casting 26．A．vivid B．cheerful C．exceptional D．abstract 27．A．growth B．hardships C．changes D．adventures 28．A．organization B．school C．team D．family 29．A．copy B．part C．photograph D．draft 30．A．sleep B．insist C．depend D．thunder 31．A．dramatic B．logical C．personal D．practical 32．A．crafted B．grasped C．processed D．interpreted 33．A．spiritual B．ideal C．fundamental D．conventional 34．A．perception B．interaction C．application D．interruption 35．A．separate B．devote C．uplift D．defend三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期阶段性检测(一)英语试题
湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期阶段性检测（一）英语试题一、阅读理解With all the dietary information online, it can be hard to know what tips to follow. Watch out for these words and expressions.Fat Is GoodIt doesn’t matter if you are part of the fat is GOOD for you or BAD for you group, the important question to ask is the source of the fat. If it comes from a land-based animal, and is likely to be solid at room temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it comes from fish or plants, and it is likely to be liquid at room temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating more unsaturated fat than saturated fat lowers your risk of dying early.Natural Sugar Is BetterThe vast majority of sugar we consume is sucrose (蔗糖). It is the white powdered stuff we cook with and is made up of glucose and fructose. How about sugar from honey? It is often marketed as natural and better for you. Actually, it just has its own distinct flavour, but is as sweet because of glucose and fructose.High-pH WaterSome people think we need to eat alkali (碱) food to maintain our blood at a pH of 7.4. But everything we eat or drink passes through the stomach, which, at a pH of 1.5, is the most acidic part of the body. It is then neutralised to a pH of 7. So, nothing we eat will change the pH of our blood.Don’t Eat Anything That Y ou Can’t PronounceWhether foods are natural or highly processed, they are all full of chemicals. Are you supposed to fear “phenylthiocarbamide”, because you can’t pronounce it? This is simply the chemical responsible for the bitter taste found in brassicas, the plants in the cabbage and mustard family.Don’t Eat Food With More Than Five Ingredients(佐料)Simple foods are not necessarily healthier for you. If I, for instance, use Chinese five spice powder in a recipe, that would count as one of the five ingredients. However, what if I added the typical components of five spice powder separately into a dish? Does that mean my recipe suddenly becomes bad because it has more than five ingredients?1．According to the passage, healthier fat ______.A．can be found in fish and plants B．comes from land-based animalsC．remains solid at room temperature D．can lower the death rate of elders2．The passage suggests that ______.A．diets can help adjust the pH of our blood B．honey sugar can do more good than sucrose C．foods with more ingredients may be as healthy D．chemicals we can recognize are safer to take in3．What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To compare tips on food choices.B．To introduce different health concepts.C．To recommend fitness recipes to readers.D．To warn us of some dietarymisunderstandings.Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor,” the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one’s mind by telling all one’s heart.” While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain-climbing trip with my 15-year-old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn’t breathe properly.Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.“You know,” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started.But with practice and proper pace, you’ll get there too.”“Yeah, don’t let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It’s okay to admit when you’re struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it’s important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That’s how we improve and grow.”Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it’s okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I’ve come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better. 4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage?A．To question the common belief of courage.B．To argue for the true nature of courage.C．To show the changing meaning of courage.D．To compare different interpretations of courage.5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do?A．Keep to a suitable pace.B．Seek help whenever possible.C．Challenge her own limits.D．Stick with experienced climbers. 6．Which action in the mountain-climbing story is an example of true courage?A．The mother asked the girl to rest.B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.C．The two students pointed out the group’s fault.D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.7．What does the author intend to tell us?A．Kindness connects us all.B．Being a beginner takes courage.C．We don’t have to be a hero to be brave.D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.Five times stronger than steel, spider silk’s unique qualities were recognized by the Ancient Greeks—and more recently, scientists have looked at applications from medicine to engineering. Now, a Japanese startup, Spiber, has begun to change the textile industry with this remarkablematerial.The company started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar to spider silk in structure. After studying thousands of different spider species and other silk-producing life forms, Spiber successfully produced an alternative to spider silk. This breakthrough was achieved by fermenting (发酵) a mixture of water, sugar, and nutrients with special microbes to produce protein polymers (聚合物). These polymers are then made into fibers, paving the way for a range of innovative fabrics.However, shifting from lab to practical application presented challenges. In 2015, Spiber partnered with The North Face Japan to produce a limited-edition run of 50 “Moon Parka” jackets to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landings. But during the design process, the team discovered that spider silk became smaller when exposed to water, and had to transform the protein to make the fiber suitable for an outdoor jacket, which took them four years to perfect.Currently, the company uses sugarcane and corn for its fermentation process — crops that use large volumes of land and change food resources. To reduce its environmental impact, Spiber is developing a process called “biosphere circulation” that will transform deserted clothes made from natural materials like cotton into the sugars needed for fermentation.With approximately 100 billion yen ($783 million) in funding, Spiber plans to significantly speed up its production of protein polymers by the end of 2025. “Mass production will help bring the price of fibers down and allow Spiber to expand beyond the high-end designer market and thus we have the means to create solutions to enable more circular fashion,” says Higashi, head of business development at Spiber. “It’s our mission to bring those solutions to the world.”8．What breakthrough did Spiber achieve in the early research?A．It mixed various protein polymers.B．It produced a silk making machine.C．It identified different spider species.D．It created a replacement for spider silk. 9．What was the challenge in making the “Moon Parka” jackets?A．High design costs.B．Spider silk’s sensitivity to water.C．Limited raw materials.D．The partner’s unwillingness to help. 10．What can we know about Spiber’s “biosphere circulation” process?A．It will replace the current fermentation process.B．It will use recycled materials for needed sugars.C．It will promote the development of food industry.D．It will simplify the procedure of clothing production.11．What is Spiber’s plan?A．To raise more money for mass production.B．To increase the output of proteinpolymers.C．To work with other high-end fashion brands.D．To develop a wider range of expensive fibers.My father started learning French at 57, drawn by the potential benefits of bilingualism (双语能力) in delaying dementia (失智症). Now, 20 years later, he’s on his third teacher. Many people like my father have attempted to pick up a new language. But can this really boost brain health?According to experts, regularly using a new language brings cognitive (认知的) benefits. If you’re trying to recall the right words in another language, your brain is forced to inhibit your mother tongue. This process, called cognitive inhibition, helps improve your brain function. Repeating this process makes your brain more resistant to diseases like dementia. The more you challenge your brain, the better it functions, even if your brain health starts to decline.However, evidence for the benefits of learning a second language in your 60s is weaker. Research by Dr. Leo Antoniou found that older Italians who took English lessons for four months didn’t see any difference in their cognition scores, but people who didn’t saw their scores decline. Prof. Diana Smith’s 2023 studies found similar results.Researchers offered a few potential explanations for their disappointing results. One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers, probably of high cognitive level for their age, making it hard to see any improvements. “When choosing participants, we have to be careful, are they really representative of the population?” said Dr. Judith Ware. Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short. These studies have used language lessons that “were very different in their length and frequency,” said Prof. Laura Grossman.To Dr. Antoniou, the limited findings are not entirely surprising. No one would say that learning a new language for six months would be the same as having used two languages for your entire life. But he does think that language lessons can provide cognitive benefits by beingcognitively stimulating.Perhaps more important, Prof. Grossman said, learning another language offers other potential advantages, like traveling or connecting with new communities. My father, for example, has remained pen friends with his first teacher and traveled to France numerous times.And at 76, he’s as sharp as ever.12．What happens in the process of “cognitive inhibition”?A．Memory improves.B．Brain health worsens.C．Dementia is cured.D．Native language is held back.13．Which is a possible explanation for the disappointing research results?A．The poor choice of research participants.B．The great length of the language course.C．The intervention of the first language.D．The age difference of the research subjects.14．Whose opinion does the author support by mentioning his father’s experience?A．Leo Antoniou’s.B．Diana Smith’s.C．Laura Grossman’s.D．Judith Ware’s.15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Is it never too late to learn a new language?B．Can learning a new language delay dementia?C．Why does my father start learning a new language?D．How does learning a new language benefit aging brain?Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 16 Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 17 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 18 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.19 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 20 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.A．This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.B．However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.C．AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.D．The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.E．Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.F．The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork. G．With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.二、完形填空I have had no interest in football for as long as I can remember. While my classmates played, I 21 to stay in the library. I never 22 the passion for the game and would throw away the sports section of the newspaper, as if it 23 the rest of it. As I grew up, I proudly wore my 24 .But occasionally, whether in a taxi or when meeting a friend's father, I found myself faced with a 25 opener like, “Terrible season we’re having, eh?” or simply, “Who do yousupport?” My heart sank, knowing my response would unavoidably 26 them, despite their good intentions.I realized that my 27 had closed off many conversations, outings, and even potential friendships I might have 28 enjoyed. Although I couldn't change the fact that I found football boring, I began to regret being a(n) 29 .Then I became a father. I didn’t want my boy to 30 this valuable social experience, so I took him to watch the Lions play. During those matches, we sat close to the field, surrounded by families who had a genuine 31 with the players. My kid’s questions kept me somewhat 32 in the game. Slowly, I started to 33 for the Lions.During one victorious match, we even met David, the Captain, who happily 34 for a photo with my son. 35 , I had an answer to the question,“Who do you support?”21．A．preferred B．intended C．wished D．pretended 22．A．believed B．understood C．noticed D．hid 23．A．confused B．poisoned C．defended D．preserved 24．A．doubt B．smile C．confidence D．dislike 25．A．well-informed B．well-prepared C．well-meant D．well-presented 26．A．challenge B．disturb C．amuse D．disappoint 27．A．attitude B．personality C．interest D．habit 28．A．otherwise B．ever C．still D．therefore 29．A．loser B．fan C．outsider D．passer-by 30．A．go wild for B．turn away from C．get the hang of D．miss out on 31．A．agreement B．conversation C．competition D．connection 32．A．stressed B．engaged C．successful D．busy 33．A．cheer B．change C．vote D．play 34．A．danced B．waved C．posed D．clapped 35．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Unexpectedly D．Luckily三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷含解析
2023—2024学年度第一学期高二年级12月月考英语试卷（答案在最后）时限：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why did the police officer stop the woman?A.Because of the driving speed.B.Because of the license problem.C.Because of the broken tail light.2.How does the man feel?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.3.What is the woman telling the man?A.She likes him.B.She forgot him.C.She remembers him.4.What will happen in the speakers’company?A.The office building will change.B.Many employees will lose their jobs.C.All employees will earn more money.5.What does the man suggest?A.Buying a phone.ing his phone.C.Charging the phone.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2023-2024学年湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上学期期中英语试题There is a day in the life with AI, who follows your move: the way you travel, the food you eat, how you spend your money, the news you read and your social interactions...7a.m You wake up and glance at your iPhone, which unlocks itself using facial recognitionApple’s Face ID changes your face to a set of numbers that act as your own unique identifier. This biometric portrait is not set in stone-it uses AI to track changes in your appearance, updating its model if you grow a beard, change your makeup style or get older and it also detects whether your eyes are open and your attention is directed at your phone.8:30a.m You drive to work in your electric carCars such as the Tesla can do most of the ordinary aspects of driving. The vehicle’s AI system collects data from eight cameras, identifies obstacles, lanes, intersections and traffic lights and decides what action to take, whether moving skillfully into an awkward parking spot or overtaking a slow lorry. But self-driving cars know only how to deal with situations they have seen before and an ongoing challenge is how to equip them for rare and unexpected events.4:30p.m Your phone rings with a message from your Amazon Ring doorbell-a package has been delivered to your doorstepLast year, about one in five households in the UK reported having an AI-based home security system. Amazon Ring uses a motion-activated camera, heat sensor and radar and uses computer vision software to make users different when a person, or a package, is outside their property. Humans have a heavy heat signature and with the radar, the object moving in 3D spaces can be detected.9:30p.m You scroll (滚动) through a newspaper article that contains a special adAs you read news articles, scroll through social media, make Google searches and buy things online, you leave a trail of clues about who you are, what you might want to spend your money on-that is incredibly valuable for digital advertisers. AI sift (筛) this data for insights into your age, gender, lifestyle, income and your hobbies. This allows companies such as Google to serve up specific, targeted adverts that pop up as you scroll through a news article.1. Which of the following is the disadvantage of electric cars?A．Tendency to cut in. B．Speeding on the lane.C．Uncontrolled parking areas. D．Lack of information about emergencies.2. What can we learn about AI from the text?A．Apple’s Face ID may change your facial features.B．Self-driving vehicles can replace human drivers.C．About 20% of English homes adopt Amazon Ring.D．AI can work out your personal online preference.3. What information does the text convey?A．We will live a better life with AI. B．AI enters many aspects of our life.C．The smartphone is a necessity for us. D．Personal information is no longer secure. During the summer of 2021, I flew to Greece to learn more about the wildfires there. I wanted to hear people’s stories, to understand what it meant to be displaced by environmental disaster.In a cafe for people surviving the fire, I met brave children who now have to live with terrible scars, physical and emotional. I met a man who could not even speak to me, his eyes filling with tears.I was expecting to hear a lot about loss; I was not expecting to learn so much about the attribution (归因) of blame. I came to understand how desperately people needed to blame a tangible entity (实体) –a person, a group of people, the government. Indeed, this was understandable and reasonable. The outbreak and mishandling of the fire needed to be explored, looked into and dealt with.What surprised me, however, was that the survivors were completely silent over any mention of the climate crisis and global heating. It was made clear to me that this subject was unacceptable. Survivors felt that these issues had nothing to do with what they had suffered, and that the people actually responsible needed to pay.But when it comes to climate breakdown, blame did not come to just one person, one corporation, one country. In Greece, the fire didn’t rage so hard because someone had set of a spark-it raged so hard because years of global heating had dried up the land, part of a set of unsustainable (不能持续的) practices and inaction that had set our planet on fire. And now the fires are even worse.The more I spoke to people, including climate scientists, the more I came to see that there is often a gap that separates science from public awareness. In her book “Engaging With Climate Change” Sally Weintrobe says that “many people who accept global warming continue to regard it as a problem of the future”. To my astonishment, this seemed to apply even to people who had themselves been affected directly by wildfires.4. What did the author hardly expect to learn in Greece?A．Kids’ scars.B．Economic loss.C．Survivors’ blame.D．Duration of the fire.5. What did the survivors think of the fire?A．It was closely related to global heating.B．They couldn’t accept its massive destruction.C．The government should be responsible for it.D．It resulted from someone’s setting fire to the forest.6. What does Sally Weintrobe say about global warming?A．Much attention has been given to it.B．People don’t consider it serious now.C．Scientists are urged to apply efficient way to it.D．People should make their opinions about it heard.7. What is the purpose of the passage?A．To inform readers of wildfires in Greece.B．To encourage readers to donate to survivors.C．To equip people with surviving skills in wildfires.D．To raise people’s awareness about the climate crisis.Compassion has not been a traditional characteristic of sport. With its UK roots in 19th-century British public schools and universities, modern sport developed as way of creating strong military leaders, training them to develop adaptability defined in those times by iron will and biting the bullet. Fear and harsh criticism were crucial to toughening up players and soldiers alike. The “tough guy” narrative was strengt hened by 20th-century media stereotypes and Hollywood’s heroes and became rooted into sport and society.I’ve heard countless stories like the popular culture I found when I joined the Olympic rowing team in the mid-1990s. We were expected to suffer after mistakes or losses to show that we truly cared, and everyone believed coaches needed to be severe and unforgiving to get results. These approaches still exist. But an alternative approach with compassion at its center addresses aims of performance and wellbeing for those with greater ambitions.This isn’t some soft option which plays down hard work, as supporters of the earlier traditional sporting mindset might criticize. Research across branches of psychology — behavioral, sports, positive — shows how compassion creates the strongest foundation for adaptability and sustained performance under pressure whether in sport, the military, healthcare or business. Rather than activating our threat system which began to help us survive way back, compassion helps us to feel safe and protected, leaving us free to learn, connect with others and start exploring what we’re capable of.The continuous need to improve performance has led top coaches to appreciate that high performance requires levels of support to match the level of challenge. When you provide that, players start thriving while striving to achieve more. Rooted in compassion, a different coach-athlete relationship thus develops.The dictionary definition of compassion includes the recognition of another’s suf fering and the desire and support to relieve it. Compassion has been shown to decrease fear of failure and increase the likelihood of trying again when failure does happen. But how many talented athletes experience that depth of support in moments of crisis and failure?8. What does the underlined phrase “biting the bullet” in paragraph one mean?A．Commitment. B．Ambition. C．Suffering. D．Toughness.9. Why is the example of rowing team mentioned in the second paragraph?A．To arouse people’s interest about ro wing.B．To recall a painful training experience.C．To draw a distinction between training approaches.D．To bring out a compassion-centered training approach.10. What does the paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．Criticism about the compassion. B．Necessity of employing compassion.C．Characteristics about the compassion. D．Fields that compassion is involved in.11. What would the author possibly agree?A．The media is active in developing tough training style.B．Extraordinary athletes rarely received enough support.C．The compassion-centered training is widely used in sports.D．Compassion means more openness to failure and less training.The past three weeks have witnessed the dramatic rise and fall of a new candidate for the materials science: a superconductor (超导体) that works at room temperature. On July 22th 2023, a team of researchers in South Korea reported their findings on a substance they called LK-99, claiming that its discovery was a “brand new historical moment”. A hit of online physics d iscussions followed, only to fall flat two weeks later. LK-99, it seemed, was a bubble (泡沫).Whenever electrical power runs through a transmission (传送) line, some is lost as waste heat, a common tax forced by the laws of nature. The huge potential of superconductors is that they carry electricity over large distances with perfect efficiency, having the greatest impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution. If we ever figure out how to produce them cheaply and make them work at room temperature rather than only at hundreds of degrees below zero, it would revolutionize our economy and help save the environment.Superconductors can also achieve things like powerful magnetic (磁场的) fields in mid-air, enabling new electronic devices, computers and modes of transportation. This technology has been in development in Japan for decades, with maglev trains originally projected to open to the public in 2027, running at speeds up to 375 miles per hour between Tokyo and Nagoya.The pull of a room-temperature superconductor grows as our economic and environmental picture darkens. It’s the kind of miracle material that could slow climate change while driving global economy, realized new technologies seen in science fiction.We still don’t know whether the field of superconductivity research will benefit from the new paths opened up by the LK-99 in the last few weeks. It’s a field where theory and experiment have oftenchallenged each other, and our expectations of what is possible have frequently been questioned by what has been observed. Although public interest will no doubt fade for now, an obvious promise remains: a superconducting golden age might be just over the horizon, and the role of science is clear-to find a way to get us there.12. What can we learn about electricity from the text?A．We should pay the tax using electricity.B．The law of nature regulates the electricity tax.C．Electricity loss during transmission is unavoidable.D．Electricity loss can be reduced to zero by superconductors.13. What may happen if superconductors are materialized?A．The electricity bill will become a huge burden.B．The issue of climate change will be dealt with.C．The economy and environment will start to fade.D．The new modes of transportation are more available.14. What is the author’s attitude to superconductors?A．Neutral. B．Doubtful. C．Confident. D．Indifferent.15. What would be the best title of the passage?A．Bubble Burst: Where Is Superconductor LK-99 Going.B．Superconductor: Why It Sends Scientists Heart Racing.C．Material Science: How It Booms with Superconductors.D．Superconductor: How It Becomes the Commander of Technology.Take a Leap to Find LuckWhat is luck? I’ve realized, by watching so long, that luck is rarely a lightning strike, isolated an d dramatic. 16 Sometimes it’s calm, and sometimes it blows in gusts, and sometimes it comes from directions that you didn’t even imagine.So how do you catch the winds of luck? 17 So I’m going to share three things with you that you can do to build a sail to capture the winds of luck. The first thing to do is to change your relationship with yourself. 18 When we’re children, we do this all the time. We have to do this if we’re going to learn how to walk or talk or ride a bike. The problem is, as we get older, we rarely do this. We sort of lock down the sense of who we are and don’t stretch anymore.The second thing to do is to change your relationship with other people. You need to understand that everyone who helps you on your journey is playing a huge role in getting you to your goals. 19And if you don’t show appreciation, not only are you not closing the loop, but you’re missing an opportunity.And third, you want to change your relationship with ideas. Most people look at new ideas that come thei r way and they judge them. “That’s a great idea” or “That’s a terrible idea.” But it’s actually much more different. Ideas are neither good nor bad. And in fact, the seeds of terrible ideas are often something truly remarkable. 20So, yes, sometimes people were born into terrible circumstances, and sometimes, luck is a lightning bolt that hits us with something wonderful or something terrible. But the winds of luck are always there.Today was another enlightening day at my new American school. Back in China, lunchtime is a________ hour. We eat, talk, and most importantly, take a short nap (小睡) to ________ for the afternoon. This relaxing ro utine of our midday break allowed for a ________ escape from the day’s demands. But here? It’s like a ________ against the clock.The bell rang, and everyone ________ to the cafeteria. I followed, naively (天真地) thinking I’d have ________ time to eat and perhaps even close my eyes for a moment. However, I barely had time to finish my sandwich before the next bell hit. Where did the time go?And the nap? Forget about it. There’s no ________ for that comfort here. In China, we have these cozy mats in the classroom for our post-lunch rest. But in America, the ________ of napping in school seems as ________ to them as the absence of a nap is to me.At first, I felt quite sleepy in the afternoon classes. I ________ that brief break we get in China. But then I noti ced something. Even without the nap, my classmates were hardly tired. Perhaps they’re used to this fast schedule, or maybe they ________ on pure youthful energy. Who knows?I’m beginning to ________ that life here is simply faster. People eat ________, con verse rapidly, and shift swiftly. It’s a(n) ________ with the life style back in China, but perhaps it’s not harmful, just another ________ of life.21.A．cherished B．productive C．fixed D．secure22.A．fight B．recharge C．settle D．evaluate23.A．narrow B．secret C．desperate D．peaceful24.A．march B．test C．race D．game25.A．paraded B．wandered C．leapt D．rushed26.A．inadequate B．sufficient C．limited D．golden27.A．excuse B．doubt C．boundary D．access28.A．concept B．application C．benefit D．knowledge29.A．scary B．odd C．awkward D．shallow30.A．replaced B．postponed C．missed D．supported31.A．operate B．insist C．concentrate D．reflect32.A．consider B．question C．grasp D．imagine33.A．regularly B．hurriedly C．properly D．eventually34.A．agreement B．interaction C．connection D．contrast35.A．manner B．circumstance C．moment D．challenge阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。