高级英语修辞

LESSON1 Where Do We Go from Here1.As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.(Antithesis 对仗)2.Psychological freedom , a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon againstthe long night of physical slavery.(Metaphor 暗喻)3.It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes themajor crisis of our times.(Chiasmus 回文)4.Put God’s children on their own two feet.（Metaphor 暗喻）5.Without recognizing this we will end up with solutions that don’t solve, answers that don’tanswer and explanations that don’t explain.(Paradox 隽语)6.And I am still convinced that it is the most potent weapon available to the Negro in hisstruggle for justice in this country. And the other thing is that I am concerned about a better world. I’m concerned about truth.(Parallelism 排比)7.For through violence you may murder a murderer but you can’t murder a murder.(Antithesis对仗)8.He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door tothe meaning of ultimate reality.( Metaphor 暗喻)9.What I am saying today is that we must go from this convention and say, “America, you mustbe born again!”(Parody 仿拟)10.Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfortand the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering rams of the forces of justice.(Metaphor 暗喻)11.Let us be dissatisfied until every state capitol houses a governor who will do justly, who willlove mercy and who will walk humbly with his God.(Allusion 暗示，引用典故)12.Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall (Metonymy 换喻), justice will roll down likewaters (Simile 明喻)and righteousness like a mighty stream.13.When our days become dreary with low-hovering clouds (Metaphor 暗喻) of despair andwhen our nights become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is a creative force in this universe, working to pull down the gigantic mountains (Metaphor 暗喻) of evil, a power that is able to make a way out of no way (Paradox 隽语) and transform dark yesterdays into bright(Antithesis 对仗) tomorrows.LESSON4Professions for Woman1.No demand was made upon the family purse. (Metonymy 换喻)2.The cheapness of writing paper is, of course the reason why woman have succeeded in theother professions.(语气：Sarcasm 讽刺)3.I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon [bread and butter], rent, [shoes andstockings][Alliteration 押头韵](Synecdoche, Metonymy的特殊形式), or butcher’s bills(Metonymy 换喻), I went out and brought a cat—a beautiful cat, a Persian cat, which very soon involved me in bitter disputes with my neighbours.4.What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cat with the profits？(Rhetorical question 反诘问句)5.What is simpler than write books? (Rhetorical question 反诘问句)LESSON5 Love Is a Fallacy1.There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (Metaphor 暗喻)2.Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin?( Rhetorical question 反诘问句)3.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as ascalpel. (Simile 明喻)4.It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (Hyperbole 夸张)5.Same background, but dumb as an ox.( Simile 明喻)6. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. (Metaphor 暗喻)7.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.( Metaphor 暗喻)8.I was not one to let my heart rule my head. (Metonymy 换喻)9.It is after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful. (Antithesis 对仗)10.In other words, if you were out of the picture,the field would be open, is that right?(Metaphor 暗喻)11.First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at a bakery window. ( Simile 明喻)12.Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning. (Antithesis 对仗)13.What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly？(Parody 仿拟)14.We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak.(Allusion暗示，引用典故)15.If there is an immovable force, there can be no immovable object .If there is an immovableobject, there can be no irresistible force. (Antithesis 对仗)16.Petey lay snoring in his bed, the raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet.(Simile 明喻)17.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered.( Metaphor 暗喻)18.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.(Synecdoche, Metonymy的特殊形式)19.The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it. ( Metaphor 暗喻)20.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ( Metaphor 暗喻)21.It was like digging a tunnel. (Simile 明喻)22.Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, so I loved mine. (Allusion暗示，引用典故)23.You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outerspace. (Hyperbole 夸张)24.I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. (Allusion暗示，引用典故)LESSON9 The Way to Rainy Mountain1.The hardest weather in the world is there. (Hyperbole 夸张)Winter brings blizzard, hottornadic winds arise in the spring, and in summer the prairie is an anyil’s edge. ( Metaphor 暗喻)2.The grass turns brittle and brown, and it cracks beneath your feet.(Alliteration 押头韵)3.Willow and witch hazel. (Alliteration 押头韵)4.At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire.( Metaphor 暗喻)5.My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.( Metaphor 暗喻)6.There is a perfect freedom in the mountains, but it belongs to the eagle and the elk, thebadger and the bear. (Alliteration 押头韵)7.Descending eastward, the highland meadows are a stairway to the plain. ( Metaphor 暗喻)8.The great billowing clouds that sail upon it are shadows that move upon the grain like water.( Metaphor 暗喻)9.Not yet would they southward to the caldron of the land( Metaphor 暗喻) that laybelow:they must wean their blood( Metaphor 暗喻)from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.10.A dark mist lay over the Black Hills, and the land was like iron. (Simile 明喻)11.There to beg and barter for an animal from the Goodnight herd. (Alliteration 押头韵)12.But there was something inherently sad in the sound, some merest hesitation upon thesyllables of sorrow. (Alliteration 押头韵)13.The aged visitors who came to my grandmother’s house when I was a child were made oflean and leather, and they bore themselves upright. (Alliteration 押头韵)14.They made loud and elaborate talk among themselves, full of jest and gesture, fright andfalse alarm. (Alliteration 押头韵)LESSON10 Before and After September 111.We watch wistfully as the pre-9/11 world drifts away on its raft of memory, cast inTechnicolor shades of nostalgia. ( Metaphor 暗喻)2.Which assumes the public is thinking in red, white and blue (Metonymy 换喻), whenactually the spectrum of emotions, ideas and opinions is, like America itself, multihued.(Simile 明喻)3.The men in suits are telling us what the men in uniforms are going to do to the men inturbans if they don’t turn over the men in hiding. (Parody 仿拟)4.The most visible symptom of our profound psychological trauma is a zealous new patriotism.Seeking solace, the country drapes itself in the American flag like a child in a superhero cape who plays at being invincible.(Irony 正话反说)5.There are few places in the country where the Stars and Stripes has not found apurchase.(Synecdoche , Metonymy的特殊形式)munity cannot compete with shopping malls or 200 satellite television channels, withGameboys or the 70-hour work week.( Synecdoche , Metonymy的特殊形式)7.This Frankensteinian creation asserts that consumption is an American value. (Allusion暗示，引用典故)8.What massages do Hiroshima and Babi Yar, or Dresden and Antietam.(Antonomasia 换称要区别于Metonymy)9.From insecurity to confidence, from national paranoia to collective poise?(Alliteration 押头韵)。