概要写作练习

(Para 2 )In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. (Para 3)Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? (Para 4)Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
(Para 3) Though the belief in the merit of dirt was longlived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically ? speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Argumentation (议论文） Topic Supporting ideas Conclusion
概要写作（满分 25 分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容 概要。
(Para 1 )Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
Step 1:
Read
①topic sentence: There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt ② structure ③ supporting ideas Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph
You may need to pay attention to some words like: think, believe, consider, regard, argue, support, be convinced that, in one’s opinion, from one’s point of view
3、词数少于 40 的和多于 80 的，从总分中减去 2 分。
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑： (1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况； (2)应用语法结 构和词汇的准确性； (3)上下文的连贯性； (4)对各要点表达的独立性情况；
Argumentation (议论文） Forms of Literature Exposition （说明文） Narration （记叙文）
浙江高考英语新题型“概要写作”
After this class, you will be able to know: 1 235
what the summary writing is the criteria of a good summary how to write a good summary
《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 科考试说明》
概要写作： 提供一篇 350 词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文 写出一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。（满 分 25 分） 词数少于 40 的和多余 80 的， 从总分中减去 2 分
评分原则 1、本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。 2、评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确 定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来 衡量、 确定或调整档次，最后给分。
句型转换
The attitudes to dirt is not always the same. ▲ People’s attitudes to dirt vary in different times. ▲ People hold different opinions towards dirt over time. ▲
② In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease. Have a try!
(Para 4) Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the
dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
Step 2: Make an outline Topic: There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt In the suppor 16th century -ting (Para 2 ) Ideas since18th century (Para 3) nowadays (Para 4) People thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease …has no longer been regarded as… cleaning away dirt is good to health …encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system
Para 2: In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirtEuropean in a friendly way. Henry Examples of some countries IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Step 3:
Rewrite
the sentences in other ways
① There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. different, mixed, various 反义转换
towards opinions, views, ideas 同义词替换