江苏高考高三“任务型阅读”训练.
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(89)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（89）含答案解析【题文】The changes facing fast-food companiesFast food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cut spending, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. As a result, fast-food chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.But in this ongoing recession(萧条), which is more severe, not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In the recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. Smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl’s Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they cut back spending on advertising.In face of such challenges, some fast-food companies have sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping to tempt more customers through the door. But in many cases that strategy doesn’t work. Some companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5 to attract consumers away from $1 specials.Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald’s started sell ing better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “McCafe” line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. As fast-food companies shift from “super size” to “more buys”, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see break fast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald’s has started selling porridge in America, because the profits can be high.But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity(肥胖). These offerings don’t necessarily lead to profit loss, as they can broaden the appeal of stores to groups of diners that include some people who don’t want to eat a burger.But calls for tougher government regulation never wear down. This year Congress passed America’s health-reform bill, which requires restaurant chains with 20 or more stores to put the calorie-content of items they serve to the menu. And the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald’s from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals”, because law makers believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests that fast-food companies will have to continue trying something new.The changes facing fast-food companies【答案】51. survivors/competitors/businesses/companies52. appeals 53. instead 54. decreased/reduced/less55. Strategies/Measures/Approaches/Solutions/Ways56. high/higher 57. added 58. profitable 59. healthy/healthier60. creative/innovative/flexible/adaptable【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了快餐公司在经济衰退中面临的挑战以及他们所采取的对策，同时指出随着更严格的食品法的实施，快餐公司应变得更有创造性。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（98）含答案解析
江苏⾼考英语百⽇训练之任务型阅读（98）含答案解析江苏⾼考英语百⽇训练之任务型阅读（98）含答案解析【题⽂】请认真阅读下⾯短⽂，并根据所读内容在⽂章后表格中的空格⾥填⼊⼀个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Pretending you're someone else can make you creativeOne great irony(讽刺) about our collective fascination with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: We are either “creative” people or we aren't，without much of a middle ground.Pillay, a tech businessman and Harvard professor has spent a good part of his career destroying these ideas. Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges you to “believe i n yourself”. In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.In a recent column for Harvard Business Review, Pillay pointed to a 2016 study showing the impact of stereotypes(刻板印象)on one's behavior. The authors, education psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college-student subjects into three categories, instructing the members of on e group to think of themselves as “eccentric(古怪的) poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians”(people in the third category, the control group, were left alone for this part). The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects，including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as “eccentric poets” came up with the widest range of ideas for th e objects, while those in the “rigid librarian”group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity level s across academic majors—in fact, the physics majors inhabiting(寄⽣) the personas(伪装的外表) of “eccentric poets” came up with more ideas than the art majors did.These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a “malleable(可塑的) product of context and perspective.” Everyone can be creative, as long as they feel like creative people.Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody else. This exercise, which he calls “psychological halloweenism”，refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of “conscious unfocus”，a way of positively stimulating the default mode(默认模式) network, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.Most of us spend too much time worrying about two things: How successful/unsuccessful we are, and how little we're focusing on the task at hand. The former feeds the latter—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe. Thus, we force ourselves into quiet areas, buy noise-canceling headphones, and hate ourselves for taking breaks.What makes Pillay's argument stand out is its healthy, forgiving realism: According to him, most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of “unfocus”. This doesn't make us lazy people—it makes us human. The idea behind psychological halloweenism is: What if we stopped judging ourselves for our mental down time, and instead started using it? Putting this new idea on daydreaming means addressing two problems at once: You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.Title: Pretending you're someone else can make you creative【答案】71. fascinated/impressed 72. Contrary 73. worked/acted/served/functioned 74. given 75. creativity 76.individual/personal 77. positively 78. subscribes 79. realistic/practical 80. forgive【解析】本⽂是⼀篇说明⽂，创造性是促进社会进步的重要品质，哈佛⼤学教授Pillay认为我们要摈弃传统观念，要把⾃⼰想象成别⼈。
江苏高考英语 高考题分类练——补弱项+任务型阅读专练4篇+Word版含答案
任务型阅读专练4篇Passage 1(2018江苏)How Arts Promote Our EconomyWhen most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater. But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art. These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.Another group of folks is needed to help market the event.“If you build it they will come”is a misleading belief. Painters, digital media experts, photographers, booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect(连锁反应) throughout a community.In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.No doubt the theater has contributed to the area’s development and economic growth. Today, there are galleries, studios, restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences, where there is renewed life and energy. In this way, arts and culture also serve as a public good.TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg’s investment of $35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period. Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce$298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than Dallas, the arts have an economic impactof almost $3 billion and support 44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers, construction workers, hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entiresmall-business community benefits.It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in order to stay in business, arts groups must produce returns. If you are a student studying the arts, chances are you have beenill-advised to have a plan B. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.Arts as an economicdriverOur communities(1)▲from arts in terms of economy.(2)▲of arts’ promoting our economy Arts activity demands a(n) (3)▲effort. It involves creation, performance, and(4)▲.◆Artists make a living through their creative work.◆Others get paid by marketing the event.Arts have a gradually spreading(5)▲. They could help promote other industries whether they lie inside or outside arts.◆Besides tickets, some jazz lovers will pay their(6)▲to and from the events.◆Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience and renew their energy.Investment in arts could produce potential (7)▲economic results.◆TeCo used a $35,000 art investment to attract an overall support of $400,000.◆In Dallas, one dollar invested in arts could harvest an extraordinary return of nearly $300.◆In Philadelphia the arts have created about 35,000 job opportunities for workers (8)▲arts industry.Art students makinga good living With these (9)▲in mind, art students need not worry about their career and have a(n) (10)▲plan.答案[语篇解读]本文为说明文。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(23)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（23）含答案解析【题文】As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identi fied along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you).This is especially true for the development of emotional intelligence because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good lis teners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI. The key is to find one that guarantees confidentiality to those giving you feedback and that is focused on development and not on performance assessment.Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consid er what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in hour sense of self that being intrinsically(内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations(渴望). Understanding the impacts of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over the long haul as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.Once you’ve determined which EI skills you want to focus on, identify specific actions that you’ll take. If you’re working on becoming a better listener, for example, you might decide that when you’re conversing with someone you’ll take the time to pause, listen to what they have to say, and check that you understand before you reply. Keep it specific. Youshould also take every naturally occurring opportunity to practice the skill you’re developing, no matter how small.By starting to change your routine reactions, you’ll be well on your way to figuring out the old habits that aren’t serving you well and transforming them into new, improved ones that do.【答案】51. confuses/puzzles52. differences53. capable54. motivated55. assess 56. matters/counts57. recognize/know/identify58. Combining59. specific/clear/explicit60. Remove/Abandon/Quit【解析】本文探讨了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，确定改变具体的行动。
江苏省高考试卷中的任务型阅读的设计和反思
The 9.____ 8Aurangzeb son of Shah Jehan
10.Buried his father next to his mother
Topic: The significance of female (1) ___________ in developing countries Viewpoint Families Attitudes Educating girls is more beneficial than any other 2 investment.
Teacher ：The student is fantastic.So we must know the general idea of the passage before we do the exercises. Besides, look at the first sentence of the last paragraph. “Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits.” According to the Chinese meaning of the sentence“很少人争 论教育女孩有很大的社会益处。” In other words， “教育女孩对社会是有益处的。”
Step3 Brain-storming
Why does the puzzle setter design the testing type? What’s the function of the testing type? Which is better, paying attention to the method when doing exercises or doing it at random？ What steps will you take when doing the task-based reading？ Give the Ss some time to think over.
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(20)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（20）含答案解析【题文】The 17th-century French tragedian Pierre Corneille wrote: The manner of giving is worth more than the gift”. He had a point, according to Charles Spence, head of Crossmodal Research Laboratory at the University of Oxford.Th e professor’s work focuses on how our brains sense the world around us. His research has shown that high-frequency sounds and curved shapes seem to increase the sweetness wine tastes better if it is accompanied by the popping sound of a cork and drunk from all these created multisensory experiences.So, what’s his advice if you want to impress this holiday season?Bulk it up hide“We’ve just published research on eating a box of chocolates，” Mr Spence said. “If you are 30-gram weight in a box of chocolates, that weight translates to a significant increase perceived(感知)quality of the chocolate.”There are exceptions, but the association between weight and the perception of luxury(奢侈)applies to many items including tableware，perfume(香水)and wine，Mr. Spence said. “That's why in a restaurant，a waiter might artfully give you the bottle to weigh in your hand,” he added.Black is basicBlack is the color most associated with luxury because, Mr. Spence said，“it seems to be the color that we perceive to be the heaviest.”Such luxury indications are learned, rather than inborn, so they can change over time. I’m doing a lot of work on transparency(透明) at the moment; high-quality packaged goods should have a transparent window because it suggests freshness or quality,” he said.But the trend is recent，the professor added, because “traditionally luxury goods used to have nontransparent packaging. I think it has to do with the current desire for originality.”Layer it onUnnecessary wrapping(包裹)can be an ecological concern but, when it comes to luxury goods like wine in a presentation case, it does make an impression.“Tissue layers are really good,” Mr. Spence said，“because the crinkle adds an extra sense to the experience.”Consider a little perfume in the box or wrapping, and, if you want to involve other senses, work out some way for classical music to be playing when the gift is opened because we associate it with quality.Engaging several senses at once is beneficial.“The brain combines the inputs from each sense, both t o determine what something is, but also to determine a reward value,”Mr. Spence said. Also,the more stimuli(刺激)to the senses，the more activity is produced in the orbitofrontal cortex, a small part of brain situated just beside the eyes. And the more activity there,the more rewarding something is perceived to be.You can go too far“Engaging an extra sense is more effective, but you can potentially have a disagreement if that extra sense doesn’t match the others.” the professor said.【答案】71. How 72. senses 73. Advice/Suggestions/Tips74. weight 75. Package/Pack/Wrap 76. tend/prefer77. appeal 78. hearing 79. extremes 80. matters/counts【解析】这是一篇说明文。
江苏高考任务型阅读精选专练
一、In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men. Even today, it's still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that's something aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered."Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women."Mary Mattis is the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures."We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it's a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can't start thinking about taking those courses when you're a junior in high school."Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting."It's about designing things. It's about changing the world for people. It's about making a difference. And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get."While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering."There's a section called 'why be an engineer,' and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income."Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there’s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies of some notable women engineers.二、Filmmakers in Hollywood produce hundreds of films each year and audiences around the world watch them. In many films, characters smoke cigarettes and other forms of tobacco. In the past, researchers have documented how adolescents in the United States are influenced by watching those images of smoking on the screen. They found that kids who watch many movies where characters smoke are more likely to try smoking themselves.Dr. James Sargent, a researcher with Dartmouth University Medical School in New Hampshire, says those research findings are strong and reliable, but he says that many people are unconvinced when they hear that movies might contribute to adolescent smoking. “How can movies be to blame for a third of adolescent smoking when there’s only, you know, 30 seconds to a minute of smoking in every movie? So what we wanted to do with this study was really range the exposure for people so that they understood how much exposure kids really get when it comes to seeing these actors modeling smoking on the big screen.”Sargent and some international colleagues counted how often images of smoking were seen by adolescents. They watched about 500 popular movies and counted the images of smoking in each. Then they multiplied that number of images by the number of adolescents estimated to have seen the films. They estimate that billions of images of smoking in American films are seen by kids around the world.“So it is a big international problem to the extent that American movie companies are exporting smoking in youth-rated movies, the kids in other countries are seeing the smoking, and it’s positioning smoking as something they want to do,” he concludes.Sargent says almost nothing else compares with smoking in terms of public health problems around the world. Each year millions of people die of diseases caused by smoking: lung and other cancers, heart diseases and respiratory diseases. Sargent says many of those people started smoking during their adolescent years.“We’ve already shown pretty convincingly that seeing smoking in movies is bringing kids to the tobacco industry,” he says. “So the movie industry has some responsibility here. The movie industry could do something that would reduce smoking in youth-rated movies; they could rate smoking R （for restricted）.” He notes that’s wh at public health activists are trying to get filmmakers to do. And if they did that, it would reduce 60 percent of growth of impressions the三、The Children’s Place Retail Stores Incorporated is a leading specialty retailer of children’s merchandise (商品)，ages newborn to ten years old. The Company designs, contracts to manufacture and sell high-quality, valuepriced merchandise under the brand name. “The children’s Place”. By March 1 , 2008, the Company owned and operated 906 The Children’s Place stores in North America and one online store, .As a growing specialty retailer of clothing for kids, we provide our customers with a high-quality, focused goods selection at prices that represent real value relative to our competitors. Meanwhile, the clothes we provide are specifically designed for children and cover almost all the fashionable colors.The Children’s Place creates freshness in i ts stores by introducing seasonal merchandise lines throughout the year. Each store offers spacious (宽敞的), bright and airy shopping in a friendly atmosphere for both children and adults. Each shop is clearly identified and dedicated to serving the needs of Girls and Boys (sizes 4-14),Baby Girls and Boys (sizes 6 mos.-4T) and Newborn Babies (sizes 0-12 mos.). Display shelves are neatly arranged to distinctly separate each department and provide easy viewing of the latest collection available. Customers are also able to shop at their convenience in our online store.What’s most important to us is keeping customers happy. Th rough our knowledgeable sales associates, we provide the best in customer service and shopping ease. Our flexible return policy allows our customers to shop without risk. A toll-free customer service number, 1 877 PLACE USA, answers specific customer questions or directs customers to the nearest store location.We love kids and our commitment to the welfare of children is very important to us. We proudly support many national and local charities that focus on improving the lives of children.The Children’s Place71. age group Children aged 0 to 10The number of the stores 72.73. 74.·high-quality·75. prices·special designs·various colorsshopping·76. atmosphere·neatly-arranged display shelves·77. online store 78.·flexible return 79.·toll-free customer service numberWelfare commitment Support national and local 80. for children四、In a society such as the United states or Canada, which has many national, religious, and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.In most Asian societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, andKorea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is , however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school,一、71. Encourages 72.situation 73. history 74.Purpose/Aim/Goal/Intention 75. aware76. excitement 77. Benefits/Advantages 78. change 79. independence 80. related二、71. smokers 72. effect 73. believe 74. exposed 75. frequently76. abroad 77. deaths 78. duty 79. habit 80. chance/possibility三、71、Targeted 72、907 73、Features 74、goods 75、reasonable76、friendly 77、convenient 78、service 79、policy 80、charities四、71. Canada 72. individualism 73. group 74. reciting 75. Advantages76. science 77. high 78. discipline 79. creative 80. graduation。
江苏高考任务型阅读解题技巧及强化训练
高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧及强化练习海园教育余老师纵观江苏高考近五年任务型阅读文章的体裁以说明文为主，偶有议论文出现，词数在400～500之间，一般都比较难。
这类文章结构清晰，很容易把握文章脉络。
在题材的选取上更加富有时代气息，更加贴近考生的实际生活。
2017年江苏高考任务型阅读“难度依旧”，是全卷中难度最大的题。
可以预判，2018江苏高考会继续延续过去高考的指数，要想任务型阅读得高分，考生必须具备极强的信息转换和概括能力！[江苏高考任务型阅读近五年考情统计]在复习中，要注意以下几点：1．注意对词义和词性转化的积累，提高对固定搭配的敏感度。
2．重视对句子、段落与文章之间的逻辑关系的剖析，多进行概括总结题的训练。
3．熟读课文和历年高考真题中的任务型阅读、完形填空和阅读理解经典篇目，培养对原汁原味文章深入理解的语感。
[感悟真题](2017·江苏高考)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个．．最恰当的单词。
每个空格只填一个单词。
Population ChangeWhy is the world's population growing? The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30. By 2000 the average age was 65. But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the world's population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e. 2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world's people now live in such nations), but you'd be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%. Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961. Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends don't bend, Russia's population will be about the size of Yemen's by the year 2050.In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% of India's working-age population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally uneducated.One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010－2030. Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.[把握考情]任务型阅读题在测试考生阅读理解能力的基础上，对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，筛选、整合和综合概括零散信息，以表格的形式侧重考查考生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(82)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（82）含答案解析【题文】Regret is as common an emotion as love or fear, and it can be nearly as powerful. We feel it when we either blame ourselves for things that turned out badly, or long to undo a choice we made in the past. The effect regret has on our lives and how we deal with regret are equally important.In some cases, regret can be disastrous. In 1995, a British man who regularly played one set of lottery numbers forgot to renew his ticket during the week that his numbers came up. He was so filled with regret and self-blame that he committed suicide. While this is an extreme consequence of regret, it can have many other lesser effects on the mind and body that can still seriously affect our lives.According to recent research, women have more regrets about romantic relationships than men do—not surprising, since women “value social relationships more than men”. In collectivist culture where many aspects of life are arranged, people feel less regret, since many choices were made for them. There was an even split between regrets about inaction (not doing something) and action (do something you wish you didn’t). The research found that some regrets are more likely than others to stay over time: people tend to hang on longer to the regret of inaction or the opportunities they have missed; meanwhile, regrets of action tend to be more recent.Held inside for too long, regret can affect the immune system. If one fails to learn and grow from past mistakes, deep feeling of regret can stay locked inside, keeping one from fully engaging with life. This can put stress on relationships, careers, and many other aspects of life. In addition, too many regrets can lead to severe depression, which may require professional help. Therefore, it is important that we understand what regret is and how we can learn to deal with it.To cope with regret, be aware that it is there for a reason. Our brain is telling us to take another look at our choices because they may be having negative consequences. Take “I can’t believe I crashed my car. I’m so stupid.” and turn it into “I’m so lucky I didn’t die in the accident. How wonderful!” However, when the situation can’t be changed, and there is nothing left for us to do, we have to let go of the situation and forgive ourselves.We have to see the mistakes we make as necessary lessons in life. If we can learn from them and make changes, we can turn our regrets into passive actions. We can use them to improve, guide, and shape our lives for the better.【答案】51. choice52. Factors/Elements53. more 54. missed55. Effects/ Influences/Impacts56. cost 57. mentally/psychologically58. exist 59. gratefulness/thankfulness/gratitude60. beyond【解析】本文为说明文。
江苏高考英语真题任务型阅读
2013 江苏卷第四部分：任务型阅读（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分10 分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一．个．最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
每个空格只填一个单词。
Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责 )—being punctual, careful in doing work,self-disciplined, and scrupulous ( 一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities —are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driverwho is always on time.Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today ’s constantly changing market, because employeeswith thisquality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better thanthey actually are. Their reputation for dependability influences managers ’evaluations of their work, giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental whe n others don’sthow the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity (自发性) are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however;without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothingto show for their imaginativeness.题型自主分析：1、原词重现（信息查找）：2、词性转换（信息加工）：3、提炼概括（信息归纳）：2012江苏卷第四部分 : 任务型阅读(共10 小题;每小题1 分,满分10 分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(58)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（58）含答案解析【题文】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
每个空格只填一个单词。
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space instead of on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? With the wide spread of a species, human beings can get high chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no need of them right now, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts of technological developments in the space.While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.【答案】46. Questions47. rather 48. instinct49. wider 50. prepared51. immediately52. improving53. predicting54. creativity55. solve【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类进行太空探索的原因及意义。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(6)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（6）含答案解析【题文】Is Cash Becoming Outdated?When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank, Barkhad Dahir doesn’t get out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone, he pays for virtually everything he needs: groceries at the supermarket, a few oranges from a market stall, or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. Mr. Dahir boasts, “Even lying in bed, you can be paying your bills.”Electronic payments offer consumers convenience, provide revenue for banks, credit card companies and payment processors, and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. “I don’t even carry money any more,” says Adan Abokor, a democracy activist. “I haven’t seen c ash for a long time. Almost every merchant, even hawker (小贩) on the street, accepts payment by cellphone. There’s no waiting for it and no counting of cash.”The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN, and then entering the retailer’s payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment.Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well. The printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous and hard to track criminal activities to be conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off. Do they choose to barter (物物交换) and rob? Do they sit at home and wait? What happens to people who rely on their cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted? A world affected by terrorism and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency. “Ironically, the day after the largest bank in Norwa y, DNB, proposed ending all cash dealings, I went to my local grocery store and when I tried to pay by phone, I was told that I needed to go to the ATM to get cash because the system was broken.” said an interviewee.Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology. New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.【答案】56. access57. Advantages/Benefits58. save/free/spare59. safe/secure60. cost/expense61. convenient/easy62. failure/cut63. privacy64. use/effect/adoption65. disappear/vanish【解析】这是一篇议论文。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(42)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（42）含答案解析【题文】Self-esteem (自尊) is all about how much people value themselves, and how worthwhile they feel. Self-esteem is important because feeling good about yourself can affect how you behave. A person who has high self-esteem will make friends easily, control his or her behavior properly, and will enjoy life more.Some teens struggle with their self-esteem when they begin puberty (青春期) because the body goes through many changes. These changes, combined with a natural desire to feel accepted, mean it can be tempting for people to compare themselves with others. They may compare themselves with the people around them or with actors they see on TV or in magazines.It’s not just development that affects self-esteem, though. Many other fact ors can affect a person’s body image too. Family life can sometimes influence self-esteem. Some parents spend more time criticizing (批评) their kids and the way they look than praising them, which can reduce kids’ ability to develop good self-esteem. Sometimes, classmates and peers may also make negative comments and laugh at the way they look. Sometimes racial and ethnic prejudice (种族偏见) is the source of such comments. Although these often come from ignorance, sometimes they can affect someone’s body image and self-esteem.Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually, all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.The first thing to do is recognize that your b ody is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you’re very worried about your weight or size, check with your doctor to prove that things are OK. It’s no one else’s but your own business what your body is like—finally, you have to be happy with yourself.Next, identify which aspects of your appearance you can realistically change and which you can’t. If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can, do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a plan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your self-esteem by giving yourself three compliments(赞扬) everyday. By focusing on the good things you do and the positive aspects of your life, you can change how you feel about yourself.【答案】71. behavio(u)r(s)72. Factors73. physical74. comparison75. praise 76. tease77. Approaches78. regardless79. instead80. positive【解析】这是一篇说明文。
江苏高考英语新题型-任务型阅读13篇附答案
1．Events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, and tornadoes are all natural disasters. They are mostly related to the weather. Some are predictable ----like a hurricane. Some, like an earthquake, surprise us. It is necessary for us to learn about them, so we can be prepared!Flooding happens during heavy rains, when rivers overflow, when ocean waves come onshore, when snow melts too fast or when dams or banks break. Flooding is the most common of all natural disasters.Hurricanes are severe tropical storms that form in the southern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and in the Pacific Ocean. Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters. Evaporation from the seawater increases their power.Hurricanes have winds at least 74 miles per hour. When they come onto land, the heavy rain, strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings, trees and cars.Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms. To rnadoes must always be taken seriously. Tornadoes can be very dangerous ---- sometimes even deadly. They come from powerful thunderstorms and appear as moving. Tornado winds can reach 300 miles per hour. They cause damage when they land the ground. They can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long.While thunder won't hurt you ----lightning will! So it's important to pay attention when you hear thunder. Thunderstorms happen mostly in summer and every thunderstorm has lightning. Lightning can strike people and buildings, which is very dangerous.Thunderstorms affect small areas when compared with hurricanes and winter storms. The typical thunderstorm is 15 miles in diameter and lasts an average of 30 minutes.A volcano is a mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock, steam, gases escape from time to time with violent force from inside the earth. When pressure increases, eruptions occur. Gases and rock shoot up through the opening fill the air with small pieces. Eruptions can cause lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, falling ash and floods, which is likely to knock down entire forests, cause floods and earthquakes. Fresh volcanic ash can cause damage to the lungs of older people, babies and people with respiratory problems.Terrible Natural Disasters76. Natural disasters 77. Hurricanes 78. Volcanic eruptions 79. Ocean waves 80. Heavy rain 81. Dangerous, even deadly 82. Trees and cars 83. A large area 84. People and buildings 85. Entire forests2．Different countries and different people have different manners . We must find out their customs , so that they will not think us ill-manners . Here are examples of the things that a well- educated person does or does not do .If you visit a Chinese family you should knock at the door first . When the door opens , you will not move before the host says “Come in, please .” After you enter the room , you should not sit down until the host asks you to take a seat . When a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hand , you will say , “Thank you .” And receive it with two hands , not one hand , or they will think you are ill-mannered . Before entering a house in Japan , it is good manners to take off your shoes . In European countries , even though shoes sometimes become very dirty , this is not done . In a Malay house , a guest never finishes the food on the table . He leaves a little to show that he has had enough . In England , a guest always finishes a drink or the food to show that he had enjoyed it . This will make the host , especially the hostess pleasant .76. China 77. with two hands 78. with one hand79. Japan 80. take off 81. take off shoes82. Malaysia 83. leave a little 84. not leave /not 85. England3．In towns ,there were few bus shelters until about thirty years ago .Since then they haveappeared everywhere ,probably because most people no longer wear the kinds of clothes that protect them from the wind ,cold and rain .Country bus shelters have been with us for a good deal longer .Before the Second world War, many of them were paid for by rich local people ,often in memory of a member of their family .Some were well built and very attractive ,to fit in with the surroundings.By the 1870s public lavatories（厕所）were being installed （设置）all over Britain. Many of them , for gentlemen only ,were made of iron ,highly decorated and often in the shape of Indian or Greek temples .A little later ,in the 1880s ,more solid structures of brick or stone were being built ,with rooms for ladies and gentlemen. Some of these looked like cottages or medieval（中世纪）castles.Public drinking fountains are to be found everywhere . Most of them were built in the nineteenth century and some are very grand .The old type of drinking fountain was not very hygienic（卫生的）.It usually had an iron drinking cup ,fixed to a chain ,and everyone used it .Firstly ,they provided people with pure water to drink ,at a time when much of the drinking water available ,especially from wells and pumps ,was dangerous to health .Secondly ,they were memorials to local residents .Finally ,they were intended to persuade people to drink water ,instead of beer or spirits.76．Questions 77．Look like? 78．Bus shelters 79．from bad weather 80．Attractive 81．in the 1870s 82．iron, brick, stone 83．Drinking fountains 84．nineteenth century 85．very grand4．Most Americans have a city they like best. Over the years, American songwriters have described these feelings in music. More songs have been written about America's biggest city, New York, than about any other city. Many others dream about leaving their small towns to go there. They want to become rich and famous. Frank Sinatra sings about this dream in the most popular song written about New York.Almost three-million people live in the middle western city of Chicago, Illinois. It is now America's third largest city. It used to be the second largest city. So, of course, it needed its ownsong. Judy Garland sings the song, "Chicago, Chicago. "One of America's most exciting cities is Las Vegas, Nevada. In nineteen-sixty-four, Elvis Presley starred in a movie called "Viva Las Vegas." Here is the song from that movie. It is sung by the group Z-Z Top.As we all know, one of the most beautiful cities in America is San Francisco, California. The most popular song about the city is called "I Left My Heart in San Francisco." Tony Bennett recorded it in nineteen-sixty-two. It sold more than three-million records.Many people love Los Angeles, California. It is now America's second largest city. Los Angeles is popular because the weather is warm and the sun shines almost all the time. Randy Newman sings about his feelings for the city in the song, "I Love L.A." Not everyone, however, loves Los Angeles. Some people do not like all the big roads around the city. They like living in a smaller place. A place like San Jose, California. Dionne Warwick sings about going back to this city. The song is, "Do You Know The Way To San Jose."76. Cities 77. California 78. Frank Sinatra 79. third largest. 80. Los Angeles81. "I Love L.A”82. beautiful 83. Tony Bennett 84. San Jose 85. Z-Z Top5．“Trick or treat, trick or treat! Give me something good to eat!” It is Halloween! Kids dressed in costumes, neighbors giving out candy! It is just an amazing holiday! This year I decided to be a black cat.The black cat is a sign of bad luck, but is also a sign of Halloween. Halloween began in the Mediaeval-years. A festival was celebrated in Rome and people walked in parades with masks and costumes. The people carved faces into pumpkins and lit them with a candle inside. These were thought of as to ward off all the evil and bad spirits. That is why people sell pumpkins everywhere during the Halloween season. Soon after the name of this festival evolved into what we call present day-Halloween!Every year in New York City, there is a huge parade, there are floats and people walk around in costumes. Some are animal featured, some are scary and spooky like the skeleton and some are funny like the clown. It is very fun!!!Some people have Halloween parties. Stores sell a variety of costumes; the most popular costumes are the witch, the ghost, many from the old movies. Many stores sell decorating accessories(附属品) like fake spider webs, real pumpkins and plastic ghosts. So, if you are a Halloween lover, you can turn your home into a haunted house! That is absolutely cool!76. Black cat 77. Making-ups 78.Ways of perform 79. Halloween parties80. celebrated in Rome 81. a huge parade82. some funny clowns 83.carved pumpkins84. selling pumpkins 85. selling decorating accessories6．New Year traditions all around the world“Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasn’t always January 1 that marked the New Year.At least 4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers’ fields. This happened at the end of September.The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cycle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days.The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forward and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day.In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnamese custom.Thailand has its specific New Year’s date; it’s different from the normal calendar. The Thai New Year is celebrated on April 13. On this day, Thai people play with water, throwing it on each other. It is intended to bring good luck during the New Year ahead.In China, the more favorable New Year is usually celebrated in February according to lunar calendar (阴历). On New Year’s Eve, all family members sit together at table, enjoying lots of auspicious foods such as dumplings, chicken to bring good luck.76. Egypt 77. Rome 78. Vietnam 79. Dates 80. March 23 81. April 13 82. holding a festival 83. enjoying auspicious food84. enrich farmers’ fields 85. represent a break7．ApolloFor lovers of the arts, Apollo is a truly necessary magazine. Covering the ages and the great civilizations of the world, Apollo brings you well-illustrated yet academic articles by internationally famous scholars, as well as information on exhibitions and sales. Experience five monthly issues for as little as ￡5 each.The Guardian WeeklyThe Guardian Weekly gives you a global view with articles from four of the world’s most respected newspapers. Read the news from different views and draw your own conclusions on the stories shaping our world. Try it for 3 months for just ￡15.55. Plus get a free copy of the Guardian Year 2003.New InternationalistFull of excellent writing and photography, the NI covers one key subject each month, from Terrorism to Poverty to Climate Change. Reporters from around the globe provide you with a comprehensive world view. PLUS: masses of fresh reports and stories to keep you up-to-date on world affairs. 3 months free and free World Map.The WeekThe Week is the only weekly summary giving you the best of the British and foreign newspapers in just 35 pages. Designed to be read in just 1 hour, it provides you with everything you need and want to know. Try The Week now with 13 issues for just ￡13.75. If you decide it’s not for you, just tell us within the first 6 weeks and you can get your money back.London WeeklyLondon Weekly is about the news happening in London this week. It can offer you the latest news. Try it for 3 months just for ￡12.5.76. Subjects 77.arts 78. The Guardian Weekly 79. news 80. weekly summery81. Not mentioned 82. The Week 83.￡13.75 84. London Weekly 85. London news8．Many animal and plant species have become extinct (灭绝的) and many more are in critical danger.DodoThe Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by human such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.RhinosThe Rhino (犀牛) horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most Rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves (保护区). Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers (偷猎者).The Giant PandaThe future of the Giant Panda is far from certain. As far as 1000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals. However, the panda’s black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose (造成) one of the most serious threats to the animal’s continued existence.WhalesDespite the fact that one-third the world’s oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries (保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions (碰撞) with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.TigersThe last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5000 and 7000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tiger’s bones and organs are sought after for traditional medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.76. The Giant Panda 77. Present situation 78. far from certain79. close to disappearing 80. endangered81. Reasons for/ Causes of decreasing 82. attacked by poachers83. threat from poachers 84. highly priced medicine 85. rich oil9．Each year there is an increasing number of cars as millions of new cars are produced in America. Americans will not live without cars! However, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution by cars. It is necessary to find ways to solve the problem of air pollution.One way to clean the air is to build a new kind of clean car. That’s what several of the large car factories are trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else. Engineers are now working on it. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that can please man.To prevent the world being polluted by cars, Americans have to make some changes in the way of their life. They have to cut down on the number of their cars and are encouraged to travel and go to work by bike. But this change does not close down—many workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down. And the problem of their pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.Americans may live a happy but sad life for a long time because of the car problem.76. Cars 77. Air pollution 78. car engine 79. Cutting down80. by bike 81. Disadvantage 82. slow 83.practical model84. Workers 85. happy but sad10．Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia. They also want their children to take extra-courses activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter.However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap.Parents c an see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking , sewing and doing other housework.Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his jobsuccessfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of confidence.Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious and arouse his interest. He will spend hours looking at them, trying to fix them; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.76. Educating/ Teaching/ Bring up/ Cultivating/ Promoting 77. Generous/ Serious/ Devoted 78. take extra-course activities 79. investment/ cost/ expense80. Varied/ Different/ Various skills 81. self-respect and self-confidence82. Reasons for/ Causes of 83. take (multiple-choice) tests84. settle/ solve/ work out 85. teaching practical skills11．Two influential thinkers of the twentieth century have died. John Kenneth Galbraith, the economist, died on April twenty-ninth at the age of 97. Jane Jacobs, a defender of cities, died April twenty-fifth at the age of 89.Jane Jacobs believed cities should be densely populated and full of different people and activity. She believed in the value of natural growth. She opposed the kind of city planning thatinvolves big development and renewal projects that tear down old communities.She is best known for her book "The Death and Life of Great American Cities," published in nineteen sixty-one. Another book was "The Nature of Economies." Yet she never finished college. Jane Jacobs was an activist in New York City. Her work defeated a road plan to build a big highway through the Greenwich Village area.She was also against the war in Vietnam. She had sons almost old enough to be called for duty. In nineteen sixty-eight the family moved to Canada. But she remained a community activist. Soon she was fighting a road plan in Toronto.Jane Jacobs was born in the United States but lived and died in Canada. John Kenneth Galbraith was born in Canada but lived and died in the United States.Among his best-known books is "The Affluent Society," from nineteen fifty-eight. He wrote that American society had too many goods but not enough social services that show people care about each other. He warned about widening divisions between the very rich and the very poor. John Kenneth Galbraith believed in the power of government to improve lives. He believed in a system of progressive taxes, and in public support for the arts and government involvement in education. He also supported the idea of public ownership of housing and medical services. Experts say John Kenneth Galbraith and Jane Jacobs led many to question not only how and where they want to live and work. It also led them to wonder what kind of society they wanted to leave for their children.Title: The death of 76 _______________76. Two influential thinkers 77. Names 78. April twenty-ninth 79.Status80. Best-known books 81. The Affluent Society 82.road plan83. about widening divisions 84. the government’s power 85. Comments12．C ountries also use animals as symbols. From eagles to lions, manycountries use an animal to show its national spirit and character.The image of an eagle is on the US President's flag, and on the one-dollar bill. The bald eagle is a large, powerful, brown bird with a white head and tail.The US declared that the eagle was its national bird in 1782. It was chosen because of "its long life, great strength, and noble looks".But, one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin didn't agree with the choice. "The bald eagle...is a bird of bad moral character; like those among men who live by robbing" he argued. Franklin wanted the turkey as the country's national bird.If Americans chose their national symbol deliberately(人为地), the symbol of England arose out of history.King Henry I (1068-1135) was a brave warrior but also wise. He was the first English King to use a lion as a royal symbol, which is popularly known as the "king of the jungle". By the year Richard I, known as "The Lion Heart" for his bravery, came to the throne in 1189, the famous Three Lions badge had been formed. Now it can be seen on the shirts of England's sports teams.Everyone knows about the Australian kangaroo. Legend has it that the kangaroo gets its name from an early meeting between local aborigines and white settlers. When asked by the Europeans what these strange-looking animals were, a native replied "kangaroo" meaning, "I don't understand you."The kangaroo is an individualistic animal. Although it does gather in groups, the kangaroo is not a herd animal. If a group is attacked, individuals run off in different directions. Australians think the kangaroo represents positive values, such as individual responsibility and pride.76. National Symbols 77. Lion 78. The US 79. Australia 80. Large 81. Brave 82. Its long life 83. Noble looks 84. Its long history 85. Representing positive values13．Have you ever been frustrated (沮丧的) when left talking to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call?If yes, then here comes some good news. Scientists are now perfecting a way to recharge (充电) electrical equipment while on the move.Researchers from the Netherlands, France and Portugal announced last week that they have developed very thin solar panels (太阳能板) that can be put on clothes. They can also be added to furniture and rooftops. They change light from the sun into electricity.In about three years, you'll be able to wear a jacket that will recharge your phone as you walk. For camping fans, the development could lead to a tent which charges batteries all day so you canhave light or music at night.The basic technology of wearable solar panels is the same as that used for conventional (传统的) solar panels. Pairs of sheets of semi-conducting silicon (半导体硅) are linked together to form the panel.But scientists made them much thinner by using different silicon. At one micro-metre, they are the same thickness as photographic film."This technology will make it easier for people to use clean energy sources," said Gerrit Kroesen, a physicist in the Netherlands who led the team of scientists.But the thin panels are not as efficient as the thicker ones. While some solar panels now operate at an efficiency of about 20 per cent, the new flexible (柔韧的) panels are only 7 per cent efficient. But the scientists believe that this is worth accepting for a stronger and more useful panel.But the thinner panel is cheaper. An A4 sized panel put onto the back of a jacket costs less than US$13. It could charge a cellphone during a summer walk in the countryside. As long as you stay within range of the transmitting masts (发射天线) that relay a call to the networks, phones will never again run out of power.76. Recharging solar battery 77. Function 78. Semi-conducting silicon 79. Thinner 80. Flexible 81. Advantages 82. Clothes 83. Furniture 84. Countries of researchers 85. The Netherlands。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(15)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（15）含答案解析【题文】Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile. "With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed(有缺陷的) concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects.A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.【答案】71. Inadequate 72. what 73. counts/matters74. success 75. employment 76. poorly 77. performance78. varieties/ranges 79. resulting 80. highly/much【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了据GDP显示，英国拥有令西方国家羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据，但英国民众的幸福感不强，这说明GDP不能真实地反映出民众的幸福指数，政策制定者应该将精力重新集中在改善民生上，而不仅仅是担心GDP数据。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(60)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（60）含答案解析【题文】Who’s Really Addicting You To Technology?“Nearly everyone I know is addicted in some measure to the Internet”, wrote Tony Schwartz in The New York Times. It’s a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headl ines accuses the Net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction.There’s little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the Net has difficulty disconnecting. Then who’s at fault for its overuse? To find solutions, it’s important to understand what we’re dealing with. There are four parties cooperating to keep you connected: the tech, your boss, your friends and you.The technologies themselves and their makers are the easiest suspects to blame for our distraction. Online services like Facebook, Google, twitter and the like rely on advertising revenue, so the more frequently you use them, the more money they make. No wonder these companies employ teams of people focused on improving their services to be as attractive as possible.Good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them from coming too close. However, less than 15 percent of smartphone users are willing to adjust their notification settings meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to (默认)the app makers’ every preset devices.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. Take email, for example. We check email at all hours of the da y we’re obsessed, because that’s what the boss wants. For almost all white-collar jobs, email is the primary tool of corporate communication. A slow response to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.Your friends are also responsible for the addiction. Think about this familiar scene. People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others’ company. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what. Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.The reality is taking one’s phone out at the wrong time is more than an impolite behavior because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious (传染). Once one person looks at their phone, other people tend to do the same, starting a chain reaction.Hie technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing) these gadgets. But there’s still someone who deserves careful examination the person holding the phone.When people are doing something difficult they’d rather not do, the phone is used to transport them elsewhere. They can easily escape discomfort temporarily, by answering email or browsing the web under the excuse of so-called “research”.The truth is that we are working unproductively out of our bad habits.Personal technology is indeed more attractive than ever, which doesn’t mean we shouldn’t attempt to control our use of technology, instead, we should come to terms with the fact that it’s more than the technology that’s responsible for our habits. Our workplace culture, social norms and individual behaviors all play a part.【答案】71. extent/degree 72. blame 73. economic/financial74. bother 75. cost 76. granted 77. follow 78. free/liberate/release79. rise/birth 80. alone/itself【解析】这是一篇议论文。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(92)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（92）含答案解析【题文】Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere, once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effec t on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. "Rice is an essential food," sail Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. "Wine is not."Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”【答案】81. mothballed/ unused/abandoned/deserted82. Effects/Influences/Impacts83. included84. expanding85. sharply/rapidly/quickly86. change / vary87. Solutions88. Replace89. profit/benefit90. unavoidable【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们介绍了如今的水稻危机，全球变暖影响了水稻的生长，导致全球大米短缺，文中提到研究人员正在寻找这一问题的解决方案，同时作者通过这篇文章告诉我们不能浪费粮食。
专题11 任务型阅读(解析版)
2019年高考英语母题题源系列专题11 任务型阅读【母题来源一】【2019·江苏卷】请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
每个空格只填一个单词。
The Cost of ThinkingDespite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics. such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals(哺乳动物)weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I's not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull(倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes(类人猿)require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee(黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks.We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus humans who lived a million years agodespite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(61)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（61）含答案解析【题文】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rushing into business. Firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank within a consultancy, forecasts that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value of $2.7trn over the next 20 years.Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope. Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace.Start with the benefits.AI ought to improve productivity. Humanyze, a people analytics software provider, combines data from its badges（工牌）with employees’ calendars and e-mails to work out, say, whether office layouts favour teamwork .Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.Employees will gain, too. Thanks to advance in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms（算法）, if designed correctly, can be more unprejudiced. Software can flag patterns that people might miss.Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers, which can have unintended consequences. The length of a travel may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity. And surveillance（监控）may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives.As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymized where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated（整合）form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contesta dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.The march of Al into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it chains employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt and a strong dose of humanity.【答案】51. promise/hope 52. monitoring 53. ensure/guarantee 54. system 55. disadvantage 56. violated/disturbed/invaded 57. guiding 58. Inform59. Permit/Allow 60. willing【解析】这是一篇议论文。
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根据表格填词： 对比表格信息
根据表格填词：对比表格信息
Words filled based on the form
differences advantages—— disadvantages strengths—— weaknesses directly—— indirectly
similarities——
7. topic
8. unexpectedly 9. exchanging
10. evaluation
题目特点 1.teamwork 原词： 2. ideas 3. Support(n.)
4. Suggestions 5. given 7. topic
原词转换词——词性、词形：
高三英语复习专题
——任务型阅读
考纲解读
2010年考纲要求考生认真阅读短文，并 根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概 括关键内容或作要词词语转换。
注意：每空只填一个单词，补全填空应 符合语法和搭配要求。
题型(types)
表格型 (table-shaped) 树状型 (Tree shaped)
表格型 table-shaped
Change in Today’s Children
Sub-topic
Sub-topic
Sub-topic
树状型 Tree shaped
The Internet
Sub-topic Sub-topic
文章特点
主题明确 Obvious topic sentence 文章脉络结构清楚 Clear structure
Necessary Skills
解题步骤一
浏览表格，理清脉络； 通读全文，掌握大意
有标题要先看、 易题先做
解题步骤二
划分段落，对照表格 确认细节，找出关键词(句)
易题先做
解题步骤三
整合信息，填写表格 确保形式、语法正确
Passage One
Look through the form and Passage 1, and find its topic.
语境转换词——句型转换、固定搭配：
1. self-centred (centrality) 6. Reading 8. conveying 总结归纳词：none
10. cannot
08 、09高考题: 信息查找题 (原词)
08高考 Passage1 1， 2， 3， 4， 5， 7 信 词性、 3，6，9，10
息 转 换 题
09高考 Passage2 2， 5， 7， 9
3， 4 1，6，8，10 \
词形 转换 语境 转换 信息归纳题
8 4
Rules for competition: Two groups: Boys PK Girls
Passage 3
Round One: Look through the form quickly and fill in as many blanks as possible. Round Two: Find detailed information and fill in the blanks with correct words.
__________ Suggestions for effective team performance
Part4 (Para5): Explore the issue
Part5 (Para6): _________effectiveness Evaluate
Compare the structure of the form with that of the text--- almost the same!
参阅《读本》 P204-207
Passage 2
Title: Communicateys: 1. self-centred / subjective 2. involves 3. determine / define / know / understand 4. expectations / hops / desires / wishes 5. occurs / happens / exists / arises 6. reading / understanding / knowing 7. behaviors / acts / actions / activities 8. conveying / expressing 9. erase / remove / delete / change 10. cannot / can’t
Key words
1. teamwork
2. ideas
3. support/encourage →Support / Encourage 4. suggestions
5. given
6. responsible
→Suggestions →responsibility →just in case →Exchange →Evaluate
Key word: Teamwork
Structure of the text
Part1 (Para1) : Importance of __________ Teamwork Part2 (Para2&3):______ Rules for teamwork Part3 (Para4):
3. Support(n.--v.)
6. responsibility (responsible)
9. Exchange(exchanging)10. Evaluate (evaluation)
语境转换词——句型转换、固定搭配：
8. case (just in case)
总结归纳词： 4. Suggestions
题目特点(characteristics of the chosen words)
原词： 2. involves 5. occurs 7. behaviors 9. erase
原词转换词——词性、词形：
3.determine (determining) 4.expectations (expects