英语精读荟萃(基础篇)一
大学英语精读第一册--Unit_1
Speaking
Reading
Read widely A page a day is a great start Writing compositions
Writing
Have a pen pal Keep diary Write short story
Summarize the daily news
Some Strategies for Learning English
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Global Reading
Go over the text the fastest you can, and then find out the following information: 1 2
1 2
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Before Reading
English Emerging as an International Language
Over 1.4 billion people
live in countries where English has official status
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Detailed Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
大学英语精读一(上海外语教育出版社)
give up 放弃
be determined to (do) 决心(做)
(all) by oneself (完全地)独立地
in spite of 尽管；虽然
by far ……得多
turn over (使)翻倒，(使)倾覆
can not help 禁不住
3 / 14
relative ['rel4tiv] n.亲属，亲戚
broadcasting ['br3:dk1sti6] n.广播
prohibit [pr4'hibit] vt.禁止
proposal [pr4'p4uz4l] n.提议，建议
actually ['1ktju4li] ad.实际上
generation ['d9en4'rei54n] n.(一)代
gap [g1p] n.缺口，间隙；分歧，隔阂
determined [di't4:mind] a.下定了决心的
retire [ri'tai4] vi.退休
voyage [v3id9] n.航海；航行
route [ru:t] n.路线
clipper ['klip4] n.快速帆船
crew [kru:]
2 / 14
n.全体船员；全体乘务员
steer [sti4] vt.为……掌舵；驾驶
at other times 在别的时候；平时
round/around the corner 在附近；即将来临
after all 毕竟，终究
be sure of 对……有把握，确信
pick up 拿起，捡起
worthwhile ['w4:7'wail] a.值得花时间(或精力)的；有价值的
大学英语精读1课文翻译全
Unit 1 How to Improve Your Study Habits你也许是个智力一般的普通学生。
你在学校的学习成绩还不错，可你也许会觉得自己永远也成不了优等生。
然而实际情况未必如此。
你要是想取得更好的分数，也还是能做到的。
是的，即使中等智力水平的学生，在不增加学习负担的情况下，也能成为优等生。
其诀窍如下：1．仔细安排你的时间。
把你每周要完成的任务一一列出来，然后制定一张时间表或时间分配图。
先把用于吃饭、睡觉、开会、听课等这样一些非花不可的时间填上，然后再选定合适的固定时间用于学习。
一定要留出足够的时间来完成正常的阅读和课外作业。
当然，学习不应把作息表上的空余时间全都占去，还得给休息、业余爱好和娱乐活动留出一定的时间，这一点很重要。
这张周作息表也许解决不了你所有的问题，但是它会使你比较清楚地了解你是怎样使用你的时间的。
此外，它还能让你安排好各种活动，既有足够的时间工作，也有足够的时间娱乐。
2．寻找一个合适的地方学习。
选定某个地方作为你的“学习区”。
这可以是家里或者学校图书馆里的一张书桌或者一把椅子，但它应该是舒适的，而且不该有干扰。
在你开始学习时，你应能够全神贯注于你的功课。
3．阅读之前先略读。
这就是说，在你仔细阅读一篇文章之前，先把它从头至尾迅速浏览一遍。
在预习材料时，你就对它的内容及其结构有了大致的了解。
随后在你正式开始阅读时，你就能辨认出不太重要的材料，并且可以略去某些章节不读。
略读不仅使你的阅读速度提高一倍，还有助于提高你的理解能力。
<4．充分利用课堂上的时间。
上课时注意听讲意味着课后少花力气。
要坐在能看得见、听得清的地方。
要作笔记来帮助自己记住老师讲课的内容。
5．学习要有规律。
课后要及早复习笔记。
重温课堂上提到的要点，复习你仍然混淆不清的地方。
阅读教科书上讲到这些内容的有关章节。
如果你知道第二天老师要讲述的内容，那你就把这部分材料浏览一下。
这有助于你听懂下一堂课。
如果你定期复习笔记和课本，你就能更深刻地领会这些材料的内容，你的记忆也会保持得更长久。
(完整word版)现代大学英语精读1课本内容及翻译
Lesson Eight The Kindness of StrangersMike Mclntyre1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I cameupon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him.There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto.2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much.What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator.3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on thekindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road?4. The idea intrigued me.5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to theAtlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip.6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a signdisplaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America."7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning meabout someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests.8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed intheir Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them forstopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road.9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on thegrass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore."10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people boughtme food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it.11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touchingwas the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.12. One day I walked into the chamber of commerce in Jamestown, Tenn. to find out about camping in the area. The executivedirector, Baxter Wilson, 59, handed me a brochure for a local campground. Seeing that it cost $12, I replied, "No, that's all right. I'll try something else." Then he saw my backpack. "Most people around here will let you pitch a tent on their land, if that's what you want," he said. Now we're talking, I thought. "Any particular direction?" I asked. "Tell you what. I've got a big farm about ten miles south of here. If you're here at 5:30, you can ride with me."13. I accepted, and we drove out to a magnificent country house. Suddenly I realized he'd invited me to spend the night in hishome. His wife, Carol, a seventh-grade science teacher, was cooking a pot roast when we walked into the kitchen. Baxter explained that local folks were "mountain stay-at-home people" who rarely entertained in their house. "When we do," he said, "it's usually kin." This revelation made my night there all the more special.14. The next morning when I came downstairs, Carol asked if I'd come to their school and talk to her class about my trip. Iagreed, and before long had been scheduled to talk to every class in the school. The kids were attentive and kept asking all kinds of questions: Where were people the kindest? How many pairs of shoes did you have? Did anybody try to run you over? Did you fall in love with someone? What were you most afraid of?15. Although I hadn't planned it this way, I discovered that a patriotic tone ran through the talks I gave that afternoon. I told thestudents how my faith in America had been renewed. I told them how proud I was to live in a country where people were still willing to help. I told them that the question I had had in mind when I planned this journey was now clearly answered.In spite of everything, you can still depend on the kindness of strangers.第八课陌生人的仁慈1一个夏天，我正驱车从我的家乡加利福尼亚州的塔霍湖市前往新奥尔良。
大学英语精读课文、翻译
大学英语精读一课文加翻译（转自baidu知道）Some Strategies for Learning EnglishLearning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort.学习英语绝非易事.它需要刻苦和长期努力.Nevertheless, while you cannot export to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them.虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语,然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些.一下便是其中的几种.1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according it how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committedto memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary.不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词.你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差?其实,责任并不在你的记忆力.如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑,必定有一些生词会被挤出来.你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们.积极词汇需要经常练习,有用的词汇必须牢记,而在日常情况下不常出现的次只需要见到时认识即可.你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径.2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, “I am interested in English”, but “I am good at French”? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, “learn the news or secret”, but “learn of someone’s success or arrival”? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives.密切注意地道的表达方式.你可曾纳闷过,为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”, 而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”? 你可曾问过自己,为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”, 而“获悉某人的成功或到来”是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”?这些都是惯用法的例子.再学习英语时,你不仅必须注意词义,还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它.3. Listen to English every day. Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. In addition to language tapes especially prepared for your course, you can also listen to English radio broadcasts, watch English TV, and see English movies. The first time you listen to a taped conversation or passage in English, you may not be able to catch a great deal. Try to get its general meaning first and listen to it over and over again. You will find that with each repetition you will get something more.每天听英语.经常听英语不仅不提高你的听力,而且有助你培养说的技能.除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外,你还可以听英语广播,看英语电视和英语电影.第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段,你也许不能听懂很多.先试着听懂大意,然后再反复地听.你会发现每次重复都会听懂很多更多的东西.4. Seize opportunities to speak. It is true that there are few situations at school where you have to communicate in English, but you can seek out opportunities to practice speaking the language. Talking with your classmates, for example, can be an easy and enjoyable wayto get some practice. Also try to find native speaker on your campus and feel free to talk with them. Perhaps the easiest way to practice speaking is to rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and without a partner. For instance, you can look at pictures or objects around you and try to describe them in detail. You can also rehearse everyday situations. After you have made a purchase in a shop or finished a meal in a restaurant and paid the check, pretend that all this happened in an English-speaking country and try to act it out in English.抓住机会说.的确,在学校里必须用英语交流的场合并不多,但你还是可以找到练习的英语的机会.例如,跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式.还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈.或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读,因为这在任何时间,任何地方,不需要搭档就可以做到.例如,你可以看着图片或身边的物件,试着对它们详加描述.你还可以复述日常情景.在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后,假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家,试着用英语把它表演出来.5. Read widely. It is important to read widely because is our learning environment; reading is the main and most reliable source of language input. When you choose reading materials, look for things that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying toomuch on a dictionary. A page a day is a good way to start. As you go on, you will find that you can do more pages a day and handle materials at a higher lever of difficulty.广泛阅读.广泛阅读很重要,因为在我们的学习环境中,阅读是最重要,最可靠的语言输入来源.在选择阅读材料时,要找你认为有趣的,不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西.开始时每天读一页是个好办法.接下去,你就会发现你每天可以读更多页,而且能对付难度更高的材料.6. Write regularly. Writing is a good way to practice what you already know. Apart from compositions assigned by your teacher, you may find your own reasons for writing. A pen pal provides good motivation; you will learn a lot by trying to communicate with someone who shares your interests, but comes from a different culture. Other ways to write regularly include keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.经常写,写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法.除了老师布置的作文,你还可以找到自己要写的理由.有个笔友可以提供很好的动力;与某个跟你趣味相投但来自不同文化的人进行交流,你会学到很多东西.经常写作的其他方式还有记日记,写小故事或概述每天的新闻.Language learning is a process of accumulation. It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.语言学习是一个积累的过程.从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西,然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写.。
大学英语四级考试精读荟萃100篇
大学英语四级考试精读荟萃100篇(44):露天演出的服装Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of theuse of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands—anything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. Pageants. [B]. Costumes on the stage.[C]. Costumes for pageants. [D]. How to arrange a pageant.2. It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is[A]. money. [B]. color. [C]. harmony [D]. texture3. Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]. Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.[B]. Because different characters require different costumes.[C]. Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]. Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4. Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]. Because most pageants take place for celebration.[B]. Many pageants take place for amusement.[C]. A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D]. Because pageants usually take place for competition.Vocabulary1. conceive 设想，想象to be conceived 设想好的，构思好的2. under the auspices of 在……的主办下3. meager 贫乏的，不足的4. mount 登上，制作，上演5. flavour 风味，风格，情趣6. archive(s) 档案(馆)7. distraction 使人分心的事8. ivy 常春藤9. mellow 柔和的10. recourse (to) 依赖，求助于11. drape 覆盖，披上12. invaluable 无价的，非常贵重的13. tunic (古时)长达膝盖的外衣，穿在盔甲上的战袍14. chenille 绳绒绒(织品)15. jumble 混乱，搞乱16. pennant 细长三角旗17. garland 花环，花冠难句译注1. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.[结构简析] 复合结构。
现代大学英语精读第一册1课单词详解
现代大学英语精读第一册1课单词详解1. overlook vt. over-上+look看，?由上往下看忽视Don't overlook the slower students. 别忽视后进同学。
原谅We decided to overlook his mistake. 我们决定宽容他的过错。
监督, 管理The foreman overlooked a large number of workers.工头监督着许多工人。
俯视We overlooked the sea.我们俯瞰大海。
overlook a valley from a hill从山上俯视山谷a tower overlooking the city俯瞰全市的塔楼词性变化overlook n.疏忽眺望; 视察俯瞰中的景色; 了望四周的高地It was a slight overlook on my part. 这是我的一个小疏忽。
There are plenty of overlooks and trails. 有许多可供俯瞰之处和小径。
继承用法Overlooker n. 监工, 工头同义词:disregard face ignore let slip miss neglect pass overskip view watch反义词:notice2.palm n. 源自拉丁语palma手掌手掌, 掌状物Buddhist monk sat with folded palms. 和尚合掌打坐。
(象征胜利的)棕榈叶The coconut palm trees planted after the war added to the beauty of the city.战后栽植的这些椰子树使这个城市显得更加美丽。
相关资料n.[C] 1. 手掌,手心 She placed the money in his palm. 她把钱放在他的手心里。
2. (四足动物的)前足掌 3. 一手宽;一手长 4. (手套的)掌部 5. 掌状物 6. (桨等的)扁平部 7. 【海】掌皮(缝1帆布顶针用) 8. 动物(如鹿)角的扁平部 9. 棕榈(树) They sat in the shade beneath the palms.他们坐在棕榈树的树荫下。
大学英语精读1,U1 Some Strategies for Learning English
• Watch out for pickpocket.
• Watch out for the car! 注意汽车!
concentrate vt.& vi. 集中；全神贯注
concentrate on sth./ doing sth.
I can't concentrate (on my studies) with all
remember
表示记得，多指无意识地回忆起往事。例如： He remembers every detail of that occurrence as though it happened yesterday.
recall
指想方设法回忆已经遗忘之事。例如： I seem to recall I've met him before somewhere. remind 指经某人或某事的提醒而回忆起某件已遗忘之事。例如： If I forget, please remind me.
diligent adj. 勤奋的，勤勉的
Eg: He is a diligent student.
be diligent in sth/ doing sth. 勤勉于
Eg: Try to be more diligent in your work
from now on.
从今往后要勤勉于你的工作。
sustainable adj.
sustainable development 可持续发展
employ vt.
1．雇用: • The firm employs about 100 people. 这家公司大约雇了100人。 • The firm employs the retired professor as an adviser. 这家公司聘用退休的这位教授担任顾问。 2. 使用: • employ force 使用武力 • She employs her free time in sewing. 她把闲暇时间花在缝纫上。
现代大学英语精读1 Unit1知识点汇总
Expressions, Collocations & Phrases1. a useful word 一个有用的词2. a helpful suggestion 一个有用的建议3. a painful experience 一段痛苦的经历4. a tearful voice 一个撕心裂肺的嗓音5. a hopeless war 一场无望的战争6. a priceless stone 一块无价的石头7. a useless book 一本无用的书8. a careful look 仔细一看9. an eventful year 多事之秋10. a harmful habit 一个有害的习惯；不良习惯11. a harmless animal 一个无害的动物12. a shameless liar 一位无耻的撒谎者13. a classless society 无阶级社会14. a hopeful situation 一种有希望的形势15. a fruitful visit 一次有成就的访问16. a powerful army 一支强有力的军队17. a careless mistake 一个粗心的错误18. a homeless child 一个无家可归的孩子19. a toothless old man 一个牙齿掉光的老男人20. a nameless flower 一支无名花21. take steps 采取措施22. hold back/dry one's tears 忍着眼泪/擦干眼泪23. play games 玩游戏24. take/have/steal a nap 打盹25. tell a story 讲故事26. face trouble/challenge/truth/fact/pressure 面对麻烦/挑战/事实/真相/压力27. announce a thing 宣布一件事28. invade a place/one's life/one's privacy 攻占某地/干涉某人生活/侵犯某人隐私29. cross the desert/channel/mountains/ocean 穿越沙漠/海峡/高山/横跨海洋30. reach some places/the stage 到达某些地方/达到某种地步31. employ people 雇用某人32. in vain 徒劳无益33. show off 炫耀，卖弄34. resort to 采取35. cling to 坚持，保留36. burst into 突然开始37. bring about 造成，引起，导致；创造；实现38. give rise to 造成，引起，导致39. on their own 独立地(凭自己的力量)40.41.42.Translations1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
Cindldw大学英语精读第一册课文翻译
秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。
第一单元想知道怎样提高你的成绩而又不必花太多的时间去学习吗？听上去是不是好得令人难以置信呢？那就读读看吧……怎样改进你的学习习惯你也许是个智力一般的普通学生。
你在学校的学习成绩还不错，可你也许会觉得自己永远也成不了优等生。
然而实际情况未必如此。
你要是想取得更好的分数，也还是能做到的。
是的，即使中等智力水平的学生，在不增加学习负担的情况下，也能成为优等生。
其诀窍如下：1.仔细安排你的时间。
把你每周要完成的任务一一列出来，然后制订一张时间表或时间分配图。
先把用于吃饭、睡觉、开会、听课等这样一些非花不可的时间填上，然后再选定合适的固定时间用于学习。
一定要留出足够的时间来完成正常的阅读和课外的作业。
当然，学习不应把作息表上的空余时间全都占去。
还得给休息、业余爱好和娱乐活动留出一定的时间，这一点很重要。
这张作息表也许解决不了你所有的问题，但是它会使你比较清地了解你是怎样使用你的时间的。
此外，这张表还能让你安排好各种活动，既有足够的时间工作，也有足够的时间娱乐。
2.寻找一个合适的地方学习。
选定某个地方作为你的“学习区”。
这可以是家里或者学校图书馆里的一张书桌或者一把椅子，但它应该是合适的，而且不该有干扰。
在你开始学习时，你应能够全神贯注于你的功课。
3.阅读之前先略读。
这就是说，在你仔细阅读一篇文章之前，先把它从头至尾迅速浏览一遍。
在预习材料时，你就对它的内容及其结构有了大致的了解。
随后在你正式开始阅读时，你就能辩认出不太重要的材料，并且可以略去某些章节不读。
略读不仅使你的阅读速度提高一倍，还有助于提高你的理解能力。
4.充分利用课堂上的时间。
上课时注意听讲意味着以后少花力气。
要坐在能看得见、听得清的地方。
要作笔记来帮助自己记住老师讲课的内容。
5.学习要有规律。
课后要及早复习笔记。
重温课堂上提到的要点，复习你仍然混淆不清的地方，阅读教科书上讲到这些内容的有关章节。
如果你知道第二天老师要讲述的内容，那你就要把这部分材料先浏览一下。
英语基础精读荟萃：theonlywaytotravelisonfoot
英语基础精读荟萃：The only way to travel is onfootPassage one（The only way to travel is on foot）The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like Palaeolithic Man , Neolithic Man , etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label Legless Man . Histories of the time will go something like this: in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird s-eye view of the world or even less if the wing ofthe aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea. The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says I ve been there. You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say I ve been there meaning, I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else.When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. Heexperiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.1、Anthorpologists label nowaday s men Legless becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people s focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say we are deprived of the use of our eyes ?A People won t use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can t see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does a bird s-eye view mean?A See view with bird s eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.VOCABULARY1.Palaeolithic 旧石器时代的2.Neolithic 新石器时代的3.escalator 自动电梯，自动扶梯4.ski-lift 载送滑雪者上坡的装置5.mar 损坏，毁坏6.blur 模糊不清，朦胧7.smear 涂，弄脏，弄模糊（尤指画面、轮廓等）8.evocative 引起回忆的，唤起感情的9.El Dorado11.Irkutsk 伊尔库茨克（原苏联亚洲城市）难句译注与答案详解The only way to travel is on foot 旅游的唯一方法是走路难句译注1.Air travel gives you a bird s-eye view of the world or even if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. 【参考译文】飞机旅行，你只可俯视世界――如果机翼碰巧挡住了你的视线，就看得更少了。
早读英语精华本基础篇
早读英语精华本基础篇Lesson1Tell Me The Truth About LoveSome say that love's a little boy, And some say it's bird. Some say it makes the world go round, And some say that's absurd, And when I asked the man next-door, Who looked as if he knew, His wife got very cross indeed, And said it wouldn't do. Does it look a pair of pyjamas, Or the ham in a temperance hotel? Does its odor remind one of llamas, Or has it a comforting smell? Is it sharp or quite smooth at the edges? Oh tell me the truth about love. When it comes, will it come without warning Just as I'm picking my nose? Will its knock on my door in the morning, Or tread in the bus on my toes? Will it come like a change in the weather? Will it greeting be courteous or rough? Will it alter my life altogether? Oh tell me the truth about love.告诉我爱情的真相有人说爱情是个小男孩也有人说像只小鸟有人说它令世界运行也有人说那是荒谬，当我去询问邻居的男子他仿佛对爱情了燃而他的妻子怒火填腐，说那并无可能。
大学英语精读第一册Unit-1-The-dinner-Party
spacious bare spirited outgrow era crisis slam impulse argument emerge contract image motion likely commanding commotion faint
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Para 7 His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone.
女人，你的名字叫脆弱。 Of all people, servants and women are the most difficult to behave to. ——Confucius
唯小人与女子难养也。
1.Who do you think are braver in a case of crisis, men or women?
Unit 1 The Dinner Party
1 2 3
Warm-up Questions
Background Information Activities Text Text Analysis
New words and Phrases
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5 6
Frailty, thy name is woman!——William Shakespeare
• Cobras, found in some parts of Africa and Asia, are poisonous snakes. Most cobras bite their victims and their bite may cause death within a few hours. •
现代大学英语精读基础英语paraphrase
Unit 1 Text ⅠThinking as a HobbyParaphrases of the Text1.The leopard was Nature, and he was being natural.3The leopard symbolizes Nature,which stands for all animal needs or desires.美洲豹象征着自然,它在那里显得很自然而已;2.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left meout.15Everybody, except me ,is born with the ability to thin大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我;3.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of his chest and struggling with allthe unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.19你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住,遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音;他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而摇摇晃晃,脸色变得惨白;4.In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible andirresistible spring in his neck.20Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought, instead, he would feel a strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.在这种情况下,我认为他不是受思想,而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制;5.Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmen’s golf, as honest as mostpolitician’s intentions, or to come near my own preoccupation - as coherent as most books that get written.23This ironical sentence shows that the author not only considers those people incompetent,dishonest and incoherent but also despises most businessmen, distrust most politicians and dislikes most publications.从技术上而言,它娴熟如同商人玩高尔夫,诚实如同政客的意图,或者——更接近我自己的领域——有条理如同大多数写出来的书;6.We had better respect them, for we are outnumbered and surrounded.24The Grade 3 thinkers usually represent the great majority, so we has to respect them because we are surrounded by them.我们最好尊重他们,因为我们处于他们的包围之中,势单力薄;7.Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill.24 The author thinks that just like cows always eat the grass of the same side of a hill, it is probably human nature to enjoy agreement because it seems to bring peace, security, comfort and harmony.人是一种爱群居的动物,就象牛喜欢沿着山坡的同一条道路吃草一样喜爱共识;8.I slid my arm round her waist and murmured breathlessly that if we were countingheads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. She fled. The combination of my arm and those countless Buddhists was too much for her.27我伸手揽过她的腰屏住呼吸低声说,如果算人数我该捐钱给佛教徒;露丝的确是为我好,因为我人这么好;但是我的手臂加上那些数不胜数的佛教徒实在让她无法忍受了;9.It was Ruth all over again. I had some very good friends who stood by me, and stilldo. But my acquaintances vanished, taking the girls with them.32What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. My grade-two thinking frightened away many of my acquaintances.又是露丝的问题;我曾有一些很要好的朋友站在我这边,他们现在仍然站在我这边;但是我的熟人都不见了,带着他们的女孩子消失了;Unit 2 Text ⅠSpring SowingParaphrases of the Text1....sleep and yet on fire with excitement, for it was the first day of their first springsowing as man and wife.3Although they were still not fully awake, the young couple was already greatly excited, because that day was the first day of their first spring sowing since getting married.有些困乏,也很兴奋,因为这是他们作为夫妇第一个春播的第一天;2.But somehow the imminence of an event that had been long expected loved, fearedand prepared for made them dejected.3The couple had been looking forward to and preparing for this spring planting for a long time. But now that the day had finally arrived, strangely, they felt somehow a bit dejected, unhappy, sad, or depressed.但是随着春播的迫近,这一他们为之期待许久,热爱,害怕和准备的大事的临近,他们反而有些沮丧;3.Mary, with her shrewd woman’s mind, thought of as many things as there are in lifeas a woman would in the first joy and anxiety of her mating.3Mary, like all sharp and smart women, thought of everything that was going to happen in the rest of her life. At that time, she had the complex thoughts of a woman at the first crucial moment of her marriage. She was filled with joy and anxiety and was bothered by many thoughts.玛丽用她精明的女性的思维,思考着一个女人在新婚生活中所得到的快乐和生活中的琐事;4.Martin fell over a basket in the half-darkness of the barn, he swore and said that aman would be better off dead than (4)It would be better for him to die than tripped over a basket.马丁再昏暗的谷仓中被一只篮子绊倒了;5.And somehow, as they embraced,all their irritation and sleepiness left them. Andthey stood there embracing until at last Martin pushed her from him with pretended roughness and said:“Come, come, girl, it will be sunset before we begin at this rate.”4All the anger, unhappiness and drowsiness melted away with their hug. They remained in each others arms until finally Martin pushed her away, with pretended roughness.他们就这样拥抱着,直到最后马丁推开了玛丽,并假装强硬的说道：“来吧,快点,姑娘,再这样下去当我们开始时太阳都要下山了;”6....as they walked silently...through the little hamlet, there was not a soul about.5 When they walked silently through the small village, they saw not a single person around.当他们穿着生皮鞋穿过小村庄时,那还没有其他人;7.And they both looked back at the little cluster of cabins that was the center of theirworld, with throbbing hearts. For the joy of spring had now taken complete hold of them.5他们带着悸动的心跳同时回头看看村庄中相似的小屋,那就是他们生活的世界的中心;春播的喜悦已经紧紧地包裹住了他们;8.Suppose anybody saw us like this in the field of our spring sowing, what would theytake us for but a pair of useless, soft, empty-headed people that would be sure to die of hunger12If people should see us like this with your arm around my waist, what would they think of us They were sure to regard us as a pair of good-for-nothings, people who are unable to endure hardships and foolish and, therefore, were sure to die of hunger.“想想如果有人看到我们在春播的土地上这样,他们只会把我们当成一对没用、软弱、没脑子的会被饿死的傻瓜,呼”9.She became suddenly afraid of that pitiless, cruel earth, the peasant’s slave master,which would keep her chained to hard work and poverty all her life until she would sink again into its bosom.13She became afraid of the earth because it was going to force her to work like a slave and force her to struggle against poverty all her life until she died and was buried in it.10.It overpowered that other feeling of dread that had been with her during themorning.17But when she sat and looked around the village, the fields and the people, a strange feeling of happiness arose in her. The feeling of joy drove away the feeling of terror that she had had in the morning.11.The strong smell of the upturned earth acted like a drug on their nerves.2012.All her dissatisfaction and weariness vanish from Mary’s mind with the deliciousfeeling of comfort that overcame her at having done this work with her husband.34Unit 3 Text ⅠGroundless BeliefsParaphrases of the Text1.They rest upon mere tradition, or on somebody’s bare assertion unsupported byeven a show of proof (1)They are only based on tradition, or on somebody’s assertion, but are not supported even by the least amount of proof.这些说法仅仅根据传统,或者根据某人毫无证据的断言……2.But if the staunchest Roman Catholic and the staunchest Presbyterian had beenexchanged when infants,and if they had been brought up with home and all other influences reversed, we can had very little doubt what the result would have been.3 If they were exchanged when they were infants and brought up different homes and under different influences, then the staunchest Roman Catholic would be the staunchest Presbyterian, vice versa. This shows that our beliefs are largely influenced by surroundings. 不过,如果在婴儿时期把最虔诚的罗马天主教徒和长老会教义信徒予以交换,然后使他们在相反的家庭与影响下长大,所能得出的结果是毋庸置疑的;3.It is consistent with all our knowledge of psychology to conclude that each wouldhave grown up holding exactly the opposite beliefs to those he holds now (3)我们可以根据所掌握的心理学知识得出结论,两人长大后会持有与现在恰好相反的观点……4.Of course we do not cease, when we cease to be children, to adopt new reliefs onmere suggestion.4Of course it does not mean that when we grow up we no longer have these mistaken beliefs. We are still easy and often willing victims of newspapers and advertising.当然,我们长大后也不会停止仅仅根据建议接受新观点;5.We should remember that the whole history of the development of human thoughthas been full of cases of such “obvious truths” breaking down when examined in the light of increasing knowledge and reason.8我们应该记住,在人类思想发展的整个历史过程中充满了这种“明显的真理”现象,经过人类不断增长的知识与理性的检验,这些“真理”不攻自破;6.The age-long struggle of the greatest intellects in the world to shake off thatassumption is one of the marvels of history.9世界上最伟大的学者们经过长期斗争否定了这一假设,这也是人类历史上的一大奇迹;7.Many modern persons find it very difficult to credit the fact that men can even havesupposed otherwise.10许多现代人发现很难相信人们曾有过另一种假设;8.We adopt and cling to some beliefs because—or partly because—it “pays” us to doso. But, as a rule, the person concerned is about the last person in the world to be able to recognize this in himself.14Peoples who hold those beliefs through self-interest usually will not admit this. They usually try to cloak themselves with beautiful altruistic words.我们之所以接受并且坚持某些观点的原因是——或者部分原因是——这样做对我们“有好处”;9.There is many a man who is unconsciously compelled to cling to a belief because heis a “somebody”in some circle—and if he were to abandon that belief, he would find himself nobody at all.15Many people are forced to hold a belief because he has become an important person in his group. If he gave up that belief, he would turn insignificant at once.许多人无意识地被迫坚持某种观点,因为他是某个圈子里的“重要人物”——如果他放弃这一观点,就会成为无足轻重的小人物;10.Somewhat similar is the acceptance of an opinion through the desire—probably notrecognized by the person concerned—to justify his own nature, his own position, or his own behaviour.17另一种类似的情况是有些人出于证明自己的性格、立场或行为的愿望而接受某一种观点,也许当事人不承认这一点;Unit 4 Text ⅠLions and Tigers and BearsParaphrases of the Text1.Of course, anybody who knows anything about New Y ork knows the city’s essentialplatitude --- that you don’t wander around Central Park at night --- and in that, needless to say, was the appeal; it was the thing you don’t do.1Everybody who knows New York knows the widely discussed topic there, that is, you should not wander in Central Park at night because it’s dangerous. However, precisely because of the risk, there are always people attracted to do so. They just wish to do what people normally don’t do.当然,了解纽约的人都知道关于这座城市老生常谈的话题——夜里不能在中央公园闲逛——而这,不用说,正是吸引力所在：它是你平常不会做得事情;2.So far , so normal, and this could have been an outdoor summer-stock Shakespeareproduction anywhere in America, except in one respect (3)And tonight’s performance could be any outdoor performance of Shakespeare’s play one regularly finds in summer in America. There was only one difference.到目前为止,一切还算正常,这和美国任何地方在室外上演的莎士比亚夏令剧目没什么不同,除了一点：3....the rotating red light was like a campfire in the wild, warning what’s out there tostay away.3旋转着的红色警灯就像野外的篝火,警告四周存在的威胁不要靠近;4.I got my bearings.6 I found where i was. 我终于认清了方向;5.The park was to be strolled through, enjoyed as an aesthetic experience, like a walkinside a painting.7人们漫步于公园,享受美的体验,犹如走进一幅油画中一样;6.I was emboldened by the realization: I was no longer afraid; I was frightening.9意识到这点,我的胆子就大了起来：我不再害怕了,令人害怕的是我;7.The park is now framed, enveloped even, by the city, but there was no escaping therecognition that the city—contrived, man-made, glaring obtrusive, consuming wasteful and staggering quantities of electricity and water and energy--- was very beautiful.12But there was no denying the fact you have to admit that the city was very beautiful, although it was not a natural kind of beauty, it was artificial and showy, and it used up a great amount of water and energy.公园现在被镶嵌在城市中,甚至被城市包裹,但不可否认的是这座城市——这座经过雕琢的、人工打造的、灯火辉煌8.And then, nature finding herself unable to resist, it started to pour.24Unit 9 Text ⅠThe Damned Human RaceParaphrases of the Text1.That is to say, I have subjected every postulate that presented itself to the crucialtest of actual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result.para.2In other words, I have put every theory or hypothesis there is to the decisive test of actual experiment.也就是说,通过实验,我对每一种假设都进行了检测,并根据实验结果采纳或者否定了这一假设;2.I was aware that … have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out oftheir poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. para.4I knew that many man who have more money than they can ever use have shown a maddesire to get more, and they have not ed to cheat poor people and their few saving in order to y that desire.我意识到,许多人虽然聚敛了不计其数的财富,然而他们仍然渴望更多,并且从无知又无助的人身上肆无忌惮地夺取微薄的财富,以便来平息心中的愿望;3.Men keep harems but it is by brute force, privileged by atrocious laws which theother sex were allowed no hand in making. para.6人妻妾成群,只是依靠暴力,由暴力的法律来授予特权;然而女性是无权参与制定这些法律的;4.He will not even enter a drawing room with his breast and back naked, so alive arehe and his mates to indecent suggestion. para.8他甚至不会裸露着乳房和屁股走进卧室,但他和同伴对下流的暗示又十分敏感;5.No--- Man is the Animal that Blushes. He is the only one that does it --- or hasoccasion to. para.8No, man is not the only animal that laughs, but it is true that man is the animal that blushes. He is the only animal that does it or has the need to.不——人是会脸红的动物;是唯一会脸红的动物——或者说有必要脸红;6.Man---when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses ared-hot iron; para.9In the case of King John who wanted to get rid of his nephew he used a red-hot iron to torture him.当他作为约翰国王的时候,为了除掉侄子,他会用烧红的烙铁来折磨他；7.The cat is moderate---unhumanly moderate, she only scares the mouse, she does nothurt it; she doesn’t dig out its eyes, or tear off its skin, or drive splinters under its nails---man-fashion; when she is done playing with it she makes a sudden meal of itand puts it out of its trouble. para.9猫是适度的——与人不同的是它在吓唬老鼠,并不去伤害它;它不去挖老鼠的眼睛,剥它的皮,或者把木条钉进它的指甲里——像人一样;在它戏弄玩老鼠之后,他、便突然把它当饭吃了,使它脱离痛苦;8.He sets himself apart in his own country, under his own flag, and sneers at the othernations, and keeps multitudinous uniformed assassins on hand at heavy expense to grab slices of other people’s countries…para.13It is claimed that man is the only Patriot. Only man is capable of such noble sentiment. But what does it mean It simply means that he keeps himself away from others, occupies a piece of land, calls it his own country, and thinks that he is better than others, then he puts up a flag and gathers together a group of killers and steals land from others.他打着国旗,在自己的国度里自诩与众不同,并嘲笑其他国家;他不惜花费重金,屯兵无数,就是为了吞噬大片他人的国土9.He is the only animal that has the True Religion, several of them. He is the onlyanimal that loves his neighbor as himself, and cuts h is throat if his theology isn’t straight. He has made a graveyard of the globe in trying his honest best to smooth his brother’s path to happiness and heaven. para.14In trying to make it easy for his brother to find happiness and go to heaven, he has turned the world into a graveyard he has caused the death of millions around the world in converting them to his religion人是唯一信仰宗教的的动物;他是唯一信奉正统宗教——几种宗教的动物,也是唯一爱邻居就像爱自己一样的动物,如果邻居的神学理论不纯正,人就割断她的喉咙;他把全球变成了一个大墓地,千方百计为他的兄弟谋求幸福,为其上天堂铺平道路;10.The higher animals have no religion. And we are told that they are going to be leftout, in the Hereafter. I wonder why It seems questionable taste. para.14And we are told that they will not be allowed to go to the next world heaven. I wonder why It seems to show poor taste to leave out the higher animal and allow only human beings to go to heaven.高级动物没有宗教信仰;我们被告知,它们死后将被排除在天堂之外;我不明白这是为什么看来这是值得怀疑的选择标准;Unit 11 Text ⅠSoldier’s HeartParaphrases of the Text1.There is a brief purring sound, then a rhythmic drumming. para.2There is the sound of the plane dropping bombs or guns firing shells rhythmically.2.…it was the course for upper division students known as the colloquium. para.43.I don’t suppose many of our soldiers in the Gulf War have suffered from it --- theywere spared a long engagement. para.74.Two of the guards were the kind Chekhov describes in “Ward No.6” para.95.Once he waggled the stump under my face with a sly smile. This, he gave me tounderstand, was why he had been excused from military service. para.9Once he waved what remained of his trigger finger in front of me with a tricky smile. By doing this, he made me believe that this the cutting of his finger was the reason why he was able to escape being drafted into the army.6.Speaking only for myself, I think they brought me out of the fog in which I had beenwalking. para.10As far as I’m concerned, I think the shock treatment was effective and it helped me to regain my senses and become normal.7.I believe with Shakespeare that there are more thinkgs in heaven and earth than aredreamed of in the philosophy of those who serve the world, and who administer its institutions, and grow rich. para.11I agree with what Shakespeare says, that is there are more important things in heaven and in the world, things that are missing in the philosophy of the rich and powerful, things that these people have never dreamed of.8.The men and women I worked with in universities were pale and unreal incomparison. They were hollow and filled with words. para.22Compare to the people with whom I fought side by side during the war, the people I worked with in universities were pale and unreal. They talked a lot but their words were empty and meaningless because they had not experienced real life.9.They were deaf to the music. para.27My war experience gave me poetry and music. I would never get tired of writing about it. But they just didn’t care to know what happened in the war.。
大学英语精读1-笔记(1-4课)
Lesson one导言第一句中“how to improve your grades…?” 作的是know的宾语，是宾语从句how you can improve your grades…的省略形式。
有些带疑问词的宾语从句往往能省略成：“疑问词＋动词不定式”的形式。
如：Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?可省略为：Can you tell me how to get to the railway station?如：I don’t know what I should do.可省略为：I don’t know what to do.导言第一句中的without后面接的是动名词结构。
without是介词，介词后一般接名词（词组）作宾语，有时也接动名词（短语）或从句作宾语。
如：He went to work without breakfast.They left without saying goodbye to the host and the hostess.The instrument is important to us, without which we can never do the experiment.spend：a.花费（钱，时间等）常见的结构是：spend money/time on something 和spend time (in) doing如：I spent ten dollars on the shirt.They spent two and a half hours on their homework.They spent two and a half hours (in) doing their homework.b.度过如：How do you spend your spare time?He has spent all his life in the small village.导言第二句中的sound是连系动词，意思是“听上去”，该词后面的结构作的是句子的表语。
基础英语,精读1 Unit 1-10单词汇总
border v.与……接界；与……相邻circus n.马戏团cling v.(clung,clug)to hold closely；to refuse to let go抓紧;紧握clown n.a person who performs in a circus,wears funny clothes and makeup，and tries to make people laughclutch v.to hold tightly紧紧抓住;紧握住conjurer n.a person who entertains people by performing tricks in which things appear,disappear,or change as if by magic 魔术师creator n.one who makes sth.for the first time 创造者,the Creator.（宗教）造物主crossroads n.a place where two or more roads cross each other 交叉路口curiosity n.the desire to learn and know 好奇心daze n.in a~：a state of being unable to think clearly 茫然状态exertion n.great effort努力；尽力halt n.a stop or pausehatred n.feelings of strong dislikeintricate adj.containing many small parts or details that all work or fit together 错综复杂的invade v.to enter an area in large numbers,crowd into 涌入irritated adj.annoyed and impatientjoyfully adv.very happilylift v.抬，举；weight～ers:people who compete in contests of strength by lifting heavy objects lord n.master,male ruler;good Lord:reference to God,used when one is suddenly surprised,annoyed or worriedmisgivings n.(pl)feelings of doubt and fear顾虑nap n.a short sleepobservant adj.quick to notice;(here)careful to obey rules遵守规则的opportunity n.a chanceoverlook v.to see a place from above,e.g.from a high building orwindow俯视palm n.棕榈树；date ~：椰枣树paradise n.heaven天堂perseverance n.determination to keep trying to do sth.in spite of difficulties坚持不懈；不屈不挠rank n.a line or row of people or things排；列resort v. ~ to sth.:to do or use sth.especially because no other choices are possiblerevolve v.to move or turn in a circle around a central pointrivalry n.竞争sort n.a kind or a type v.to put things in a particular orderstartled adj.surprised and often slightly frightenedstretch v.伸展；~out：伸出sweetheart n.a person one lovestrace n.a sign or indication of sth./sb.being present迹象；痕迹unclouded adj.without any cloud；(here)untroubled byvain n.in ~：without result；without success;without producing a good or desired result alternative n.choiceapparently adv. seemingly;as it seems看来；似乎branch n. ~ office:a local office(银行的）分行：支行bully n.sb.who frightens,hurts,or threatens weaker people仗势欺人者；横行霸道者conclud v.下结论damn adv. used for emphasis in spoken English; ~ well:certainlydismay n.distress;a strong felling of fear,worry or sadness that is caused by sth. unpleasant or unexpected 失望；绝望；气馁fortyish adj.about 40guy n.(infml)a manhelpless adj.unable to react normally to a situation because one has no power or strength hopefully adv. with a feeling of optimism,i.e.,expectation that the outcome will be good 怀着希望地idiot n.a foolish personinterfere v.to deliberately(故意地）get involved in a situation that does not concern you,which may be annoying to others 干涉irritation n.the feeling of being annoyed about sth.恼怒khaki n.(infml)khaki is a name given to a particular grey-green color.The boy is wearing shorts of that color.卡其布裤子loafer n.a low-cut step-in leather shoe with no laces没有鞋带的皮便鞋；懒汉鞋mustache n.hair growing on a man's upper lipneatly adv. in a tidy,orderly wayoverlit adj.too brightly-lit；having too much light过度照明的passion n.very strong feelings(of hate,anger,love)prep n. ~ school:(U.S.)a private school that prepares students for collegeprotest v.to complainrear adj. the back part of sth；~ pocket: back pocket裤子后面的口袋sandy adj.(of hair)having a yellowish-brown colorsavings n.(pl.）存款；a ~ account:（银行）储蓄账户，定期存款series n.a number of things of the same class coming one after anothershake v.~ down:to extort money,to steal money with threatsshrug n.raising one's shoulders slightly and momentarily to express doubt，ignorance,or indifference耸肩（表示冷淡，怀疑等）slightly adv. a littleteller n.(U.S.)sb.whose job is to receive and pay out money in a bank(美国）银行出纳员withdrawal n.the act of taking money out of a bank accountBangkok n.曼谷（泰国首都）barter v.to exchange goods for other goods without the use of money以货易货breeze n.a light gentle windbuffalo n.美洲野牛；water～：水牛colorful adj.having bright colors or a lot of diferent colorscomplain v. to express dissatisfaction or annoyance 抱怨condemn v.to criticize ,to censure. 谴责crab n.蟹craft n.handmade items手工产品dusk n.after sunset,early evening when it is not yet dark黄昏employment n.having paid work雇用；受雇；~ agency:a business that makes money by finding jobs for people 职业介绍所evil n.sth.that is very harmful or very bad邪恶；罪恶exhausted adj.very tiredfashionable adj.stylish,modern时尚的；时髦的fate n.命运fertile adj.肥沃的；富饶的forefathers n.(pl.)ancestors 祖先fortunately adv. luckily,happening because of good luckgardener n.a person who takes care of land and grows flowers,trees and shrubsgreed n.avarice,a strong desire for money,power,etc.,more than one needs贪婪hairdresser n.a person who cuts and shapes hair理发师heal v.to become healthy again;to recover from a wound,esp.to grow new skin愈合infancy n.early childhood；babyhoodinsult v.offend；to say or do sth. that is rude；to act offensively to sb.侮辱litter v.to leave rubbish such as plastic bags,waste paper,water bottles,cigarette, cartons, etc.on the ground in a public place乱扔lust n.very stong dsire for sex, money or power淫欲；金钱欲；权力欲monk n.和尚；僧人pierce v.to make a hole through sth.;to ~ ones heart:to make one feel very sadplough n.a large piece of farm equipment used to dig into and turn over soil,esp.to prepare the soil for planting犁reap v.harvest, to cut and gather a crop such as rice orwheat收割replace v.to take the place of替代ripe v.变成熟ripple n. liquid moving in very small wavesscarcity n.a lack；not having enough, esp.foodscent n.a pleasant smellsheaf n.a bunch of wheat, rice, corn,tied together after it has been cut(禾）束，捆shimmer v.to shine with a soft trembling light发微光，闪烁sickness n.illnessspite n.in ~ of sth.:without being prevented;without being affected by the particular factor mentionedtrip n.a narrow piecerely adv. without doubt(used to mean that you are certain about sth.）；certainlytextile n.any material made by weaving纺织品toe n.脚趾ungrateful adj.unappreciative; not showing thanks or appreciationagent n.=secret agent特工人员；特务；间谍armchair n.a comfortable chair with sides to rest your arms on扶手椅；单人沙发Berlin n.the capital and largest city of Germany 柏林blackly adv.in an angry,threatening,or unpleasant way(or:with feelings of anger or hate)blink v.to shut and open one's eyes quickly眨眼bore v.to make sb. feel tired and uninterested by being dull or tedious使某人感到厌烦Boston n.the capital and largest city of Massachusetts,U.S.波士顿（美国城市）chuckle v.to laugh inwardly or quietly暗笑；咯咯地轻声笑commanding adj.命令式的；威严的confounded adj.an old-fashioned term used to express annoyancecorridor n.a long,narrow passage between two rows of rooms in a building走廊crack n.a sudden loud noise like the sound of a stick being broken噼啪声；爆裂声devil n.evil spirit 魔鬼; raise the ~ (=raise hell): to behave in an angry and threatening way好好闹一下，好好抗议一下disillusioned adj.feeling disappointed and unhappy because sb.or sth. is not as good as one thought幻想破灭的doorknob n.门把；拉手drama n.the excitement that is created by a lot of action and emotionespionage n.spying；the activity of secretly finding out secrets 间谍活动evilly adv.邪恶地explanatorily adv. to glance ~：with a look of clarification作为解释地，说明地extend v.to continue for a longer distance or time延伸frustrated adj. feeling upset and impatient because one cannot control a situation or achieve sth.有挫折感的gloomy adj.dark,esp. in a way that seems sad阴暗的grimly adv.seriously；sternly阴沉着脸地halfway adv. in the middle of the room,or at a place which is equally far from two other places位于中间：位于两处之间heavily adv. slowly as if with a lot of effort缓慢地；吃力地，没劲地management n.the people who are in charge of a company or organization (here)the hotel moodily adv. gloomily；sullenly网闷不乐地，阴郁地murmur v.to say sth. in a soft quiet voice that is difficult to hear clearlymysterious adj.puzzling,curious,odd;hard to understand or describeParis n.the capital and largest city of Francepassable adj.good enough to be accepted;not badpasskey n.(=master key)a key that can open many different lockspistol n.手枪romantic adj.浪漫的shrilly adv.in a sharp or high-pitched sound or voicesill n.the narrow shelf at the base of a window frame窗台slender adj.slimslip v.to put sth. somewhere quietly or smoothly 悄悄地放入sloppy adj.careless about clothes衣着随便的stammer v.to speak with difficulty,repeating parts of words because one is nervous or afraid 结结巴巴地说stiffly adv.not moving freely；unable to move easily and without pain僵硬地swiftly adv.fast ;rapidlythrill n.a sudden strong feeling of excitement or pleasuretray n.盘子uncork v.to open a bottle by removing the cork 开瓶塞unlocked adj.not lockedwheeze v.to breathe noisily喘息wheezily adv.（说话）呼哧呼哧响地bloom v.(of flowers)to open or to be open(花儿）开放blossom v.to produce flowersbreast n.(here)the chest or front part of the bird bodybridegroom n.a man about to be married,or just marriedbubble v.to make a sound like water boiling发出汩汩的流水声bud n.a young tightly rolled-up flower(or leaf)before it opens花蕾：芽cartwheel n.大车车轮chamberlain n.an important official in charge of housekeeping affairs in aking court内侍总管chill v.to make sb.or sth.coldcoral n.珊瑚crimson adj.having a deep rich red color inclining to the blue rather than the yellow spectrumcrystal n.a transparent natural mineral that looks like ice or glass水晶cynic n.sceptic；a person who sees little or no good in othersdaffodil n.水仙花daisy n.雏菊deny v.to say that sth.is not true否认dove n.a small pigeon-like bird used as a sign of peaceebb v.to flow away from the shore；to gradually decreaseecstasy n.a very strong feeling of joy and happinessemerald n.a bright green precious stone 绿宝石faint adj.not strong or clear；weakfling v.(flung,flung)to move(oneself) quickly with a lot of forceflush n.blush；a red appearance of the face or body脸红flutter v.to move(the wings)quickly and lightly up and downfoam n.泡沫frown v.to move one's eyebrows together to show disapprovalgallery n.楼座，走廊（这里指乐师演奏的地方）girdle n.女用腰带grove n.a small group of treesgutter n.a channel at the edge of a road next to the pavement where water collects and flows away 排水沟harp n.a large musical instrument with strings竖琴jewel n.a precious stonelean v.to move or bend one's body in a particular directionlinger v.to take a long ime to leave or disapear逗留；消磨lizard n.蜥蜴marvelous adj.extremly good or enjoyable; wonderfulmeadow n.a field with wild grass and flowersmermaiden ually mermaid, a woman in fairy tales who has a fish's tail instead of legs美人鱼metaphysics n.形而上学，玄学mystery n.sth.that is dificult to understand or to explain 谜团nightingale n. a small bird that sings beautiful,esp.at night夜莺nip v.to take off；to keep sth. from growing or developingoak n.栎属树；栎树；橡树opal n.a precious stone which looks like milky water with colors in it蛋白石outright pletely and at oncepang n.a sudden sharp painpetal n.colored segment of the head of a flower 花瓣philosophy n.the study of ideas about knowledge,truth,the nature and meaning of life哲学pluck v.to pickruby n.a red jewel红宝石sincerity n.the quality of being honest and truesoar v.to fly high up in the skyspray n.a single small branch or stem with leaves and flowers on itstringed adj. ~ instrument:a musical instrument with one or more strings弦乐器sunbeam n.a ray ofsunlightsun-dial n.日晷thorn n.sharp pointed growth on a plant.刺；棘tomb n.a grave；the place in the ground where a dead person is buried坟墓topmost adj.highestunpractical ually impractical;not suitable;not fit for purposevein n.a tube that carries blood from any part of the body to the heart血管wretched adj.very unhappyaccelerator n.the part of a car that a driver presses down to increase speed油门，加速器addict n.a drug ~ :a person who cannot stop taking drugs吸毒成瘾者，痛君子almighty adj.having unlimited power 无所不能的；万能的；~ dollar：taking money as the main goal in life or basis of power 金钱万能；拜金主义amaze v.to fill with great surpriseattentive adj.observant；vigilant；focused专注的；留意的backpack n.a bag carried on the back,often supported by a metal frame, used especially by mountain climbers or walkers 旅行专用背包brake n.刹车brochure n.a thin book giving information小册子；介绍材料campground n.a place where people can pitch a tent to sleep for a small fee露营地cape n.headland；an area of high land that sticks out into the sea海角：岬cashless adj.not having or using moneychamber n. ~ of commerce:an organization or group of business people who gather for support and information商会chilly adj.cool;rather coldcommerce n.trade；the buying and selling of goods and services and all the associated businesses贸易；商务compasionate adj.feeling or showing care,understanding,consideration or sympathy for people in trouble有同情心的conquer v.to defeat or overcome击败；征服contrary adj.opposite相反的cowboy n.a person who looks after cattle in the westerm parts of theU.S.（美国西部的）牛仔display v.to show informationentertain v.to invite people to one's home,usually for a meal招待executive adj.执行的，负责的，行政的；an ~ director:行政长官（此处指商会负责人）folk n.peoplegamble n.a risky action or decision冒险的事；赌博；take a ~：to take an action that is risky or depends on chance rather than take an action that is risky or depends on chance rather than on a rational decisiongang n.a group of people who stick together，esp. for criminal or other antisocial purposes goodwill n.kind feelings towards or between people and a willingness to be helpful友善：发好hitch v.=hitchhike:to travel by asking drivers of passing cars for a free ride 沿途搭车旅行（hitchhiker:搭便车旅行者）intrigue v.to arouse interest or curiosity激起……好奇心involved adj.taking part in an activity or event，or being connected with it in some way参与：有关联jerk n.(infl）an idiot；a rather unpleasant，silly or foolish personkin n.(collective noun)relatives亲戚knifepoint n.at ~：while being threatened,or threatening sb. with a knife在刀子威胁下lumber-mill n.a place where trees are cut up to make wood planks,staves,etc.锯木厂lurk v.to wait quietly and secretly,sometimes in order to attack埋伏以便间机攻击magnificent adj.extremely good,beautiful or impressive 不平凡的；了不起的motto n.a short statement used as a guide to behavior 座右铭murderer n.a person who unlawfully kills another personpatriotic adj.feeling or showing love,support and loyalty to one's country 爱国的pitch v.to set up a tent or a camp搭（帐篷）：扎（营）rapist n.a criminal who forces a woman or girl to have sex esp. by using violencerarely adv.not very oftenreadiness n.willingness or eagerness to do sth.愿意，敏捷，就绪recall v.to remember sth.renew v.to restore；to resume；to reaffirm；to reassert重新恢复revelation n.disclosure;sth. which is made known that was previously unknown 透露的真相：内心的透露roadside n.the edge or side of a roadshaby adj.in bad repair or condition often due to age破旧不堪的skid v.to suddenly slide sideways out of control 滑向一旁solely adv.onlystranded adj.unable to move from the place where you arebarely adv. only just; no more than; hardly; almost notbeat n. the area which a police officer walks around regularly and for which he or she is responsible管区; 辖区; 巡逻地段bless v. 祝福: ~my soul: used to express surprisecareer n. a job or profession one is trained for and intends to do for several years职业; 生涯cast v. (cast，cast)to throw; to ~an eye: to look atclub n. a stout, heavy stick, usually thicker at one end, suitable for use as a weapon darkened adj.(here)dim; unlitdine v. to eat dinnerdismally adv. in a cheerless mannerdoorway n. the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building, the space that a door can close门口，门道doubtful adj. uncertain; feeling unsureexclaim v. to speak or say suddenly and loudly because one is surprised, angry or excited eyebrow n. the line of hair above one's eyegaze v. to look with concentration for a long time凝视guardian n. protector保护人; 卫士gust n. a~of wind: a sudden, strong movement of wind 一阵狂风hardware n. ~store: a shop selling tools, machinery, nails, screws, etc. 五金店impressively adv. in a way that gives a deep impression 给人印象深刻地keen adj. interested; eager to do sthmoderately adv. fairly but not veryoddly adv. unusually; in an unusual wayrelease v. to let go; to stop holding sth.scar n.a mark left on the skin after a cut or wound heals伤疤sensible adj. reasonable, practical, and able to judge things well明智的; 切合实际的sharply adv. in a severe and disapproving way厉声地simultaneously adj.happening or done at exactly the same time 同时发生地spectator n.(here)an onlooker 旁观者square-jawed adj. having a relatively square jaw宽下巴的superiority n.an attitude that shows sb. is better than others优越感; 优势telegraph n. apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code) synonym电报tiepin n. a pin used to hold the tie in place synonym领带扣针; 领带别针unfold v. unroll; to open out; to straighten out展开; 打开unlighted adj.unlit; not set afire or burningwatchful adj. careful to notice what is happening around警觉的arrange v.(here) to decide,plan,or organize for sth. to happen安排aspect n.方面cell n.(here) a small room for a person (persons) in prisonchili n.干辣椒（粉）；(here) pepper 辣椒construct v.to buildcontact n.the act or state of touching or meeting 接触cultivate v.种植，栽培decline v.to become weaker or worse 变衰弱document n.文件dump n.a place for leaving garbage垃圾倾倒场eliminate v.to remove；to get rid of除去：消灭enduring stingeventually adv.in the endfertilizer n.肥料flourish v.to grow quickly in a healthy way长得好fulfill v.to perform a duty or a task with satisfaction 完成；实现hallway n.the entrance lobby (hall) of a house or buldingintellectual adj.mental；cognitive；of the mind脑力的issue n.topicmanual ing the hands体力的metaphor n.隐喻miner n. a person who works in a mine矿工mixture n.混合物nourish v.to help sth. to grow especially by providing food 培育onion n.洋葱patch n.a small area of groundpeanut n.花生permission n.act of allowing允许pursue v.(here) to go on with；to be busy with从事，进行section n.a part of a larger place；(here)one part of the prison 监狱的一个区survive v.to continue to live生存下去tend v.(here)to take care of；to look aftertender adj.delicate,easily broken or damaged 娇嫩的tennis n.网球warder n.the head of a prison监狱长，看守，狱卒wither v.to dry up；to be reduced in size and color 枯萎。
北京大学英语精读Unit 1
New words (Noun)
B) boundary, budget, device, digest (n./v.), fee, household, improvement, insurance, premium, profit, requirement, scale, stack, temptation, freelance (n./a./vi.), frustration, ballet, barn, bean, contentment, cupboard, deer, den, gallon, hawk, honey, horsepower, machinery, monster, orchard, organ, plum, policy, pumpkin, solitude, squash, suburb, sunset, typewriter // blessing, freezer, retirement, jelly, wilderness (area) , asparagus, beehive, canned-goods, cherry, chick, , cornfield, cultivator, dogsled, firewood, raspberry, sled, rotary cultivator [schedule, routine]
Practice 1
• 7. He _________________________ (用图表来说明 说明自己的论点) on 说明 the blackboard. • 8. We __________________________ (已在这个项目上不仅投入 投入了 投入 资金而且还有时间和精力), so we don’t want it to fail. • 9. They always __________________ (光顾 光顾这家餐馆) ---the food is 光顾 so good there. • dy Catherine __________________ (对年轻人总摆出颐指气使 颐指气使 的样子) 的样子 who were very intelligent and hard-working. • 11. ________________ (抵制 抵制诱惑) to buy the item until you're 抵制 certain you need it. • 12. Harold __________________________ (被怀疑 怀疑泄露政府机密) 怀疑 to the enemy. • 13. Cathy __________________ (降低 降低了她的声音) as they 降低 approached.
大学英语精读1课文文本
UNIT 1TEXTWant to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on...How to Improve Your Study HabitsTerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here's how:1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn't occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It's important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on test.6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won't end if you don't pass a test, so don't worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your knowledge permanent.There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with yourclassmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades.NEW WORDSaveragen. ordinary 普通的；中等的intelligencen. ability to learn and understand 智力necessarilyad. inevitably 必定casen. what has really happened; actual condition 实情additionala. added 附加的，额外的n. additionweeklya. done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的schedulen. timetable 时间表chartn. (sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 图〔表〕commitvt. 指定...用于asidead. to the side在旁边；到〔向〕一边etc(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things等等normala. usual正常的readingn. the act or practice of reading阅读assignmentn. sth. given out as a task(布置的)作业occupyn. take up占用relaxationn. (sth. done for) rest and amusement休息，娱乐relaxv.hobbyn. what one likes to do in one's free time业余爱好entertainmentn. show, party, etc. that people enjoy娱乐entertainvt.solvevt. find an answer to (a problem)解决〔问题〕awarea. having knowledge or understanding知道的；意识到的furthermoread. moreover; in addition而且；此外enablevt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使〔某人〕能〔做某事〕activityn. sth. (to be) done 活动adequatea. as much as one needs; enough充分的；足够的distractionn. sth. that draws away the mind or attention分心〔或分散注意力〕的事物concentrate (on or upon)vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注〔于〕skimvt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)略读previewvt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand预习contentn. what is written in a book, etc.内容organizevt. form into a whole组织laterad. 后来；以后skipvt. pass over略过portionn. part; share一部分；一份doublev. make or become twice as great or as many〔使〕增加一倍comprehensionn. the act of understanding or ability to understand理解〔力〕mentionvt. speak or write about (sth.) in a few words提及confuseda. mixed up in one's mind迷惑的，混淆的confusevt.textbookn. a standard book for the study of a subject教科书；课本performancen. achievement成绩meaningfula. having important meaning or value富有意义的attituden. what one thinks about sth.态度，看法purposen. aim目的，意图excessivelyad. too much过多地，过分地excessivea.permanenta. lasting for a long time; never changing持久的；永久的techniquen. way of doing sth.技巧，方法helpfula. useful; providing help or wiling to help有益的；给予帮助的，肯帮助的PHRASES & EXPRSSIONSfill inwrite in填写，填充decide onmake a choice or decision about选定，决定set asidesave for a special purpose留出as wellalso; too; in addition也，还；同样be aware (of)know (sth.); know (what is happening)知道，意识到concentrate ondirect one's attention, efforts, etc. to全神贯注于look overexamine (quickly)把...看一遍，过目go overreview 复习lead toresult in 导致UNIT 2TEXTAt sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world. This is the story of that adventure.Sailing Round the WorldBefore he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed. That was in 1931.The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August, 1963, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in this new 16-metre boat, Gipsy Moth.Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chicheater did it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14, 100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed alone.He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends' attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.On 29 January he left Australia. The mext night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, bed and went to sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, Wild be on an island 885 miles away.After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the followiing radio message to London:" I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again."Juat before 9 o'clock on Sunday evening 28 May, 1967, he aeeived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him. Queeh Elizabeth II knigthed him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had sailed round the world for the first time. The whole voyage from England and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine months , of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.NEW WORDSsingle-handeda & ad. (done) by one person alone 单独的〔地〕adventuren. 冒险〔活动〕soloa. single-handed 单独的transatlantica. crossing the Atlantic Ocean 横度大西洋lungn. part of the body with which one breathes 肺cancern. 癌determineda. with one's mind firmly made up 下定了决心的determinev.determinationn.retirevi. stop working at one's job(because of age) 退休voyagen. sea journey 航海；航行routen. way from one place to another 路线clippern. 快速帆船crewn. group of people who work together on a ship or aeroplane 全体船员；全体乘务员steervt. make (esp. a boat or road vehicle) go in a particular direction 为...撑舵devicen. a piece of equipment设备；装置steering devicen. 操舵装置damagevt. cause harm or injury to 损坏ad. harm, injury 损坏galen. very strong wind大风covervt. travel (a certain distance)行过〔一段距离〕previouslyad. before 以前UNIT 3TEXTThey say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort to please he?The PresentIt was the old lady's birthday.She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.Today she was sure the would be something. Myra wouldn't forget her mother's birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work the aged.The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to live with her mother, and teach in a primary school round the corner.One evening, however, Enid said, "I've arranged for Mrs. Morrison to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I have to go into hospital--just a minor operation, I'll soon be home."In the morning she went, but never came back--she died on the operating table. Myra came to the funeral, and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.The old lady was eight today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps--perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lined or endured just as you chose to look at it.Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited--like a child. She would enjoy her day.Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldn't go out to play until the post had come."I guess you'll get lots and lots of presents," he said, "I did last were when I was six."What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blue's such a pretty colour. Jim had always liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door."Granny, granny," he shouted, "I've got your post."He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends. The fourth wassealed, in Myra's writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment."No parcel, Johnnie?""No, granny."Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.Almost reluctantly she tore the envelope open. Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday -- Buy yourself something nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold.The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.NEW WORDSrelativen. 亲属，亲戚presentn. gift 礼物，赠品postmann. 邮递员rarea. not happening often 罕见的；不常发生的occasionn. special time; time when sth. happens 时刻，时机；场合mayorn. chief official of a city or town 市长medaln. 奖章ageda. oldcontenta. satisfied; pleased 满意的；高兴的primarya. first; earliest 首要的；最初的arrangevi. make preparations; plan 作安排，筹划minora. not serious or important 较小的；次要的operatevi. cut the body in order to set right or remove a diseased part 开刀，动手术operating tablen. a special table in a hospital, where operations are done 手术台funeraln. 葬礼efficienta. able to plan and work well 效率高的decaden. ten yearsendurevt. bear (pain, suffering, etc.) 忍受，忍耐spotn. a round area that is different from the main surface 点，斑点brightenvt. make bright or brighter 使发光；使发亮cheekn. either side of the face below the eye 面颊extraa. additional 额加的，外加的cleann. cleaningbunchn. things of the same kind that are tied together 〔一〕束，〔一〕串marigoldn. 万寿菊〔花〕packetn. small parcel box 小包〔裹〕mintn. 薄荷糖slippern. 拖鞋cardigann. 〔羊毛〕开衫clattern. a number of rapid short knocking sounds 咔嗒声grannyn. (colloq. for)grandmotherenvelopen. a paper cover for a letter 信封unsealeda. 未密封的sealvt.sealeda. 密封的writingn. handwriting 书法；笔迹pangn. sudden, sharp pain 剧痛disappointmentn. sadness because one does not get what one hopes for 失望disappointvt.parceln. 包裹reluctantlyad. unwillingly 不情愿地，勉强地reluctanta.foldvt. bend into two or more parts 折叠chequen. 支票fluttervt. move quickly to and fro in the air 飘动stoopvi. bend the body forwards and downwards 弯腰tremblevi. shake uncontrollably with quick short movements 颤抖PHRASES & EXPRESSIONSat other timeson other occasions 在别的时候；平时round / around the cornervery near in distance or time 在附近；即将来临after allin spite of everything; it must be remembered 毕竟；终究be sure of对...有把握，确信pick uptake hold of and lift up from a surface 拿起，捡起PROPER NAMESMyra迈拉〔女子名〕Enid伊妮德〔女子名〕Morrison莫里森〔姓氏〕Grant格兰特〔姓氏及男子名〕Johnnie约翰尼〔John的昵称〕Jim吉姆〔James的昵称〕Haroldpreviousa.attemptn. try 试图，尝试dissuadevt. prevent (sb.) from doing sth. by reasoning 劝阻treacherousUNIT 4TEXTMany people in the United States spend most of their free time watching television. Certainly, there are many worthwhile programs on television, including news, educational programs for children, programs on current social problems, plays, movies, concerts, and so on. Nevertheless, perhaps people should not be spending so much of their time in front of the TV. Mr Mayer imagines what we might do if we were forced to find other activities.Turning off TV: a Quiet HourI would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited by law.Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our problems -- everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness -- are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each other what is disturbing us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming. Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Fewpastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might even be forced to come up with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio -- which at least involved the listener's imagination -- but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn't that difficult. Honest. The truth is we had a ball.NEW WORDSworthwhilea. good enough for the time or effort needed; valuable 值得花时间〔或精力〕的；有价值的program (me)n. performance on radio or television 节目educationala. of or for education; providing education or information 教育的；有教育意义的currenta. of the present time 当前的sociala. of or in society 社会的movien. film that one sees at a cinema 电影neverthelessconj. but; however 然而，不过proposevt. suggest 建议broadcastingn. the action of sending out sound (or images) by radio (or television) 广播prohibitv & n. forbid by law 禁止proposalvt. suggestion 提议，建议actuallyn. in actual fact, really 实际上generationn. all the people about the same age 〔一〕代gapn. an empty space between two things or two parts of a thing; a wide difference of opinion, character, or the like 缺口，间隙；分歧，隔阂divorcen. end of a marriage by law 离婚raten. 率mentala. of the mind 精神的；思想上的communicatevi. share or exchange opinions, ideas, etc. 交流意见，思想等disturbvt. make (sb.) worried 使烦恼emotionala. 感情的pastimen. anything done to pass time pleasantly 消遣，娱乐sunsetn. the going down of the sun; the time when the sun goes down日落〔时分〕neighborhoodn. the area around a point or place 邻近地区；地段adultn. 成年人typicala. 典型的educatorn. a person whose profession is education 教育家barelyad. hardly 仅仅，勉强；几乎没有literatea. able to read and write 能读写的；有文化的productn. sth. made or grown 产品networkn. 广播〔或电视〕联播公司；广播〔或电视)网glancen. quick look 一瞥；扫视radicala. extreme; very different 激进的electronica. 电子的electronn.baby-sittern. someone who looks after a child when the parents are away for a short time 〔代人临时〕照看婴儿childhoodn. time when one is a child 童年partlyad. not completely; in some degree 部分地；在一定程度上involvevt. have as a part or result 〔必须〕包括imaginationn. the ability to imagine 想像力learningn. the gaining of knowledge or skill through studying; knowledge or skill gained through studying 学习；学问，知识inventvt. produce (sth.) for the first time 发明PHRASES & EXPRESSIONSgeneration gapfailure of the younger and older generations to communicate and understand one another 代沟in partin some degree; partly 在一定程度上；部分地grow upchange from a child to a man or a woman 成长，长大bring togethercause to meet 使相聚come up withthink of; produce 想出；提出at first glancewhen first seen or thought about乍一看；最初考虑时have a ball(sl.) enjoy oneself, have a very good time 玩得开心PROPER NAMESMayer迈耶〔姓氏〕the United States美国a. more dangerous than it seems 暗藏危险的；奸诈的capen. 海角rougha. (of weather or the sea) stormy; not calm 〔气候〕有暴风雨的；〔海〕波涛汹涌的fortunatelyad. luckily 幸运地；幸亏fortunatea.contactvt. get in touch with 联系，接触nearbyad. close by 在附近followinga. next; to be mentioned immediately 接着的；以下的wakenv. (cause to) wake 唤醒；醒来nightmaren. terrible dream 恶梦dragvt. pull along with great effort 拖，拉sinistera. 凶恶的，邪恶的knightn. 爵士vt. 封... 为爵士swordn. 剑，刀accomplishvt. finish successfully完成conquervt. overcome征服undoubtedlyad. certainly无疑地moreoverad. in addition此外，而且humana. of or concerning people人们beingn. a living thing, esp. a person生物；人PHRASES & EXPRESSIOMSset outbegin a course if action着手，开始give upatop doing放弃be determined to (do)have a strong will to (do)决心〔做〕(all) by oneself(completely) alonein spite ofnot taking notice of; not caring about 尽管；虽然by farby a large amount or degree...得多turn over(cause to) fall over, upset〔使〕翻倒，〔使〕倾覆can not helpcan not keep oneself from禁不住PEOPER NAMESFrancis Chichester弗朗西斯. 奇切斯特Gipsy Moth吉普赛. 莫斯Sydney悉尼〔澳大利亚城市〕Cape Horn合恩角〔智利〕London伦敦Elizabeth伊丽莎白〔女子名〕Drake德雷克〔姓氏〕UNIT 5TEXTA miserable and merry Christmas? How could it be?A Miserable, Merry ChristmasChristmas was coming. I wanted a pony. To make sure that my parents understood, I declared that I wanted noting else."Nothing but a pony?" my father asked."Nothing," I said."Not even a pair of high boots?"That was hard. I did want boots, but I stuck to the pony. "No, not even boots.""Nor candy? There ought to be something to fill your stocking with, and Santa Claus can't put a pony into a stocking,"That was true, and he couldn't lead a pony down the chimney either . But no. "All I want is a pony," I said. "If I can't have a pony, give me nothing, nothing."On Christmas Eve I hung up my stocking along with my sisters.The next morning my sisters and I woke up at six. Then we raced downstairs to the fireplace. And there they were, the gifts, all sorts of wonderful things, mixed-up piles of presents. Only my stocking was empty; it hung limp; not a thing in it; and under and around it -- nothing. My sisters had knelt down, each by her pile of gifts; they were crying with delight, till they looked up and saw me standing there looking so miserable. They came over to me and felt my stocking: nothing.I don't remember whether I cried at that moment, but my sisters did. They ran with me back to my bed, and there we all cried till I became indignant. That helped some. I got up, dressed, and driving my sisters away, I went out alone into the stable, and there, all by myself, I wept. My mother came out to me and she tried to comfort me. But I wanted no comfort. She left me and went on into the house with sharp words for my father.My sisters came to me, and I was rude. I ran away from them. I went around to the front of the house, sat down on the steps, and, the crying over, I ached. I was wronged, I was hurt. And my father must have been hurt, too, a little. I saw him looking out of the window. He was watching me or something for an hour or two, drawing back the curtain so little lest I catch him, but I saw his face, and I think I can see now the anxiety upon on it, the worried impatience.After an hour or two, I caught sight of a man riding a pony down the street, a pony and a brand-new saddle; the most beautiful saddle I ever saw, and it was a boy's saddle. And the pony! As he drew near, I saw that the pony was really a small horse, with a black mane and tail, and one white foot and a white star on his forehead. For such a horse as that I would have given anything.But the man came along, reading the numbers on the houses, and, as my hopes -- my impossible hopes -- rose, he looked at our door and passed by, he and the pony, and the saddle. Too much, I fell upon the steps and broke into tears. Suddenly I heard a voice."Say, kid," it said, "do you know a boy named Lennie Steffens?"I looked up. It was the man on the pony, back again."Yes," I spluttered through my tears. "That's me.""Well," he said, "then this is your horse. I've been looking all over for you and your house. Why don't you put your number where it can be seen?""Get down," I said, running out to him. I wanted to ride.He went on saying something about "ought to have got here at seven o'clock, but--"I hardly heard, I could scarcely wait. I was so happy, so thrilled. I rode off up the street. Sucha beautiful pony. And mine! After a while I turned and trotted back to the stable. There was the family, father, mother, sisters, all working for me, all happy. They had been putting in place the tools of my new business: currycomb, brush, pitchfork -- everything, and there was hay in the loft.But that Christmas, which my father had planned so carefully, was it the best or the worst I ever knew? He often asked me that; I never could answer as a boy. I think now that it was both. It covered the whole distance from broken-hearted misery to bursting happiness -- too fast, A grown-up could hardly have stood it.NEW WORDSmiserablea. causing unhappiness; very unhappy 悲惨的merry。
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英语精读荟萃(基础篇)一Passage one(The only way to travel is on foot)The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like‘PalaeolithicMan’,‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this:‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that the y didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks.’The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get fromone place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world–or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song:‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.’The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says‘I’ve been there.’You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say‘I’ve been there’–meaning,‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else.’When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, ismeaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.1、Anthorpologists label nowaday’smen‘Legless’becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people’s focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers’great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’?A People won’t use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can’t see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does‘a bird’s-eye view’mean?A See view with bird’s eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.VOCABULARY1. Palaeolithic旧石器时代的2. Neolithic 新石器时代的3. escalator 自动电梯，自动扶梯4. ski-lift 载送滑雪者上坡的装置5. mar 损坏，毁坏6. blur 模糊不清，朦胧7. smear 涂，弄脏，弄模糊(尤指画面、轮廓等)8. evocative 引起回忆的，唤起感情的9. El Dorado (由当时西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲)黄金国，宝山，富庶之乡10. Kabul 喀布尔(阿富汗首都)11. Irkutsk 伊尔库茨克(原苏联亚洲城市)难句译注与答案详解The only way to travel is on foot 旅游的唯一方法是走路难句译注1.Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of theworld–or even if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way.【参考译文】飞机旅行，你只可俯视世界――如果机翼碰巧挡住了你的视线，就看得更少了。
2.When you travel by car or train a blurred image ofthe country-side constantly smears the windows.【参考译文】如果乘车或火车旅行，郊外模糊朦胧的景象不断地掠过窗口。
写作方法与文章大意文章以因果写作方法，写出了由于种种现代化交通设施、人们不需用脚走路，甚至也不需要用眼看景，出门就坐汽车、公交车、地铁、飞机……，车、机速度飞快，外边的景物难以看清，最终导致人们忘记用脚、用眼成为“无脚之人”。