北京大学英美文学考研真题精讲
2024年北京大学文学考研真题
2024年北京大学文学考研真题文艺学一、名词解释（每题10分，共40分）“神与物游”、“气盛宜言”、小说界革命、现实主义二、论述题（每题20分，共60分）1.试论文学语言2.结合具体例子说明“意境”3.雪莱说：“诗人是一只夜莺，栖息在黑暗中，用美好的声音歌唱，以安慰自己的寂寞。
”请结合文学理论知识谈谈你对这一看法的理解。
三、任选下面一则材料写一篇文学评论（80分）1.海明威《真正的高贵》风平浪静的大海上，每个人都是领航员。
但只有晴天没有阴霾，只有快乐没有悲伤，那就全然不是人生。
就拿最幸福的人来说吧——他们的命运就是一团纠缠不清的纱线。
丧亲之痛和神恩赐福此起彼伏，让我们悲欢交替。
甚至连死亡本身也使生命更加珍贵。
人们在生命的庄严时刻，在哀伤和丧亲的阴影之下，最接近真实的自我。
在生活或事业中，性格比才智更能指导我们，心灵比头脑更能引导我们，而由判断而得的克制、耐心和教养比天分更能让我们受益。
我一向认为，内心开始生活得更为严谨的人，他外在的生活会开始变得更为简朴。
在物欲横流的年代，但愿我能向世人表明：人类的真正需求少得多么可怜。
反思自己的过错以至于不重蹈覆辙才是真正的悔悟。
高人一等并没有什么值得夸耀的。
真正的高贵是超越原来的你。
2.杜甫《江亭》坦腹江亭暖，长吟野望时。
水流心不竞，云在意俱迟。
寂寂春将晚，欣欣物自私。
江东犹苦战，回首一颦眉。
古代文学一、名词解释（每小题6分，共30分）《世说新语》、文以载道、《西昆酬唱集》、“永嘉四灵”、狭邪小说二、论述题（每小题40分，共120分）1.试释《诗》可以观2.刘勰《文心雕龙·明诗》云：“庄老告退，山水方滋”，说明了晋宋之交山水文学兴盛的原因，你对这句话是如何理解的。
3.论述宋元明时期话本及拟话本小说的发展概况，并对其艺术成就做出评价。
2024年北京大学文学考研真题当代文学一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）《我们夫妇之间》、“中间人物”论、浩然、现代派的四只小风筝、人文精神大讨论、《繁花》二、论述题（每题30分，其120分，5选4，第1和第2题必答）1.请在赵树理《三里湾》、周立波《山乡巨变》、柳青《创业史》中选择两部，谈谈其主题、情节、人物及其艺术风格的异同2.请结合具体作品，阐述王小波知青书写与1980年代“知青文学”的异同3.请结合具体作品，谈谈1950到1970年代文学中“民族形式”的建构问题4.请以《三体》为例，谈谈刘慈欣科幻文学与当代文学传统之间的关系5.请结合具体作家作品，谈谈中国当代文学中北京城市书写的演变现代文学一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）新潮社、《倪焕之》、《鲁迅杂感选集》、东北作家群、新月派、零余者二、论述题（每题30分，其120分，5选4，第1题必答）1.结合《呐喊》《彷徨》中的具体作品，谈谈鲁迅对现代中国小说形式上的贡献2.瞿秋白将茅盾的《子夜》誉为“中国第一部写实主义的成功的长篇小说”，谈谈你对这一看法的理解。
北京师范大学英美文学考研真题
【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.北京师范大学英美文学考研试题（721）基础英语一.完形填空（20分）一篇短文，挖出20个空，讲learning second language对人大脑的好处，没有选项，没有首字母提示，全凭上下文分析，应该能填出来，只是不确定是否为最佳答案，难度不是很大。
二.阅读一（18分）heading搭配，多给了两个备选项，讲的是一个小型电影节三.阅读二（18分）段落排序，原文少了六个段落，给了七个选项，选进去，讲的是一些科学结论及research可信性，大家要学会辨别四.阅读三（24分）两道主观大题，一道12分，文章讲thinking分三个level，第一题阐释三个level是什么，并自己举例，第二大题elaborate作者最后一句话五.翻译（30分）一段比较formal的文章，从中截取了五六个长句子，讲的是在学校实行的种族隔离对儿童的影响，号召取消这样的隔离六.作文（40分）encouraging young people that they canaccomplish great things if they try hard enough is misleading and potentially harmful谈谈你的看法（941）英语语言文学一.单选（10分）唯一的五道选择题，范围比较宽，比如说以下作品共有的特点（lyrical啊，还是ballad之类的），或是以下五位作者属于哪个时代，还出了一个Emerson的self-reliance的小选段，分析作者这样说的意义等等（以前没看过也没关系，和阅读题一样直接分析就行）总之这五道应该是把基础知识看了就差不多。
北京外国语大学 北外 2004年英美文学 考研真题及答案解析
北京外国语大学2004年硕士生入学考试英语语言文学专业试卷Time Limit: Three Hours Total Points: 150All answers must be written on the answer sheets.Section 1 Matching（30 points）Match each of the following ten passages with its source. There are more sources than passages here, and one source may be matched with more than one passage.Write the passage number and the corresponding source letter for each answer. For example, suppose Passage 11 is the following:Only one same reason is shared by all of us: we wish to create worlds as real as, but other than the world that is. Or was. This is why we cannot plan. We know a world is an organism, not a machine. We also know that a genuinely created world must be independent of its creator; a planned world (a world that fully reveals its planning) is a dead world. It is only when our characters and events begin to disobey us that they begin to live.And its source is [M] John Fowles. Then your answer will be 11M.Sources (From A to L)[Al Geoffrey Chaucer [G] Ernest Hemingway[B] Kate Chopin [H] John Keats[C] Joseph Conrad [I] D. H. Lawrence[D] Frederick Douglass [J] Percy Bysshe Shelley[E] T. S. Eliot [K] John Steinbeck[Fl Thomas Hardy [L] Harriet Beecher StowePassages1. The meaning of an episode was not inside like a kernel but outside, enveloping the tale which brought it out only as a glow brings out a haze, in the likeness of one of these halos that sometimes are made visible by the spectral illumination of moonshine.2. The migrant people, scuttling for work, scrabbling to live, looked always for pleasure, dug for pleasure, manufactured pleasure, and they were hungry for amusement.3. A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over:"Allez vous-en.t Allez vous-en! Sapristi.t That's all fight!"4. In that dizzy moment her feet to her scarce seemed to touch the ground, and a moment brought, her to the water's edge. Right on behind they came, and, nerved with strength such as God gives only to the desperate, with one wild cry, and flying leap, she vaulted sheer over the turbid current by the shore, on to the raft of ice beyond.5. I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it.By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant.6. We two whites stood over him, and his lustrous and inquiring glance enveloped us both. I declare it looked as though he would presently put to us some question in an understandable language; but he died without uttering a sound, without moving a limb, without twitching a muscle. Only in the very last moment, as though in response to some sign we could not see, to some whisper we could not hear, he frowned heavily, and that frown gave to his black death-mask an inconceivably somber, brooding, and menacing expression.7. It is the same! —For, be it joy or sorrow,The path of its departure still is free;Man's yesterday may ne'er'be like his morrow;Nought may endure but Mutability.8. A snake came to my water troughOn a hot, hot day, and I in pajamas for the heat,To drink there.9.The river's tent is broken: the last fingers of leafClutch and sink into the wet bank. The windCrosses the brown land, unheard. The nymphs are departed.10.Good table manners she had learnt as well:She never let a crumb from her mouth fall;She never soiled her fingers, dipping deepInto the sauce; when lifting to her lipsSome morsel, she was careful not to spillSo much as one small drop upon her breast.Her greatest pleasure was in etiquette.The following sections of the examination will be graded on both what you say and how you say it.Section2 Short Essays (90 points)I. Summarize the plot of the following story in your own words (around200 words). (30points)2. Comment on the role of the wicked boy in the story. (30points)3.What is the theme of the story? Pay particular attention to the ending. (30points)A Wicked BoyBy Anton ChekhovIvan Ivanych Lapkin, a young man of nice appearance, and Anna Semionovna Zamblitskaia, a young girl with a little mined-up nose, went down the steep bank and sat down on a small bench. The bench stood right by the water among some thick young osier bushes. What a wonderful little place! Once you've sat down, you were hidden from the world—only the fish saw you, and the water-tigers, running like lightning over the water. The young people were armed with rods, nets, cans of worms, and other fishing equipment. Having sat down, they started fishing right away."I'm glad we're alone at last," Lapkin began, looking around. "I have to tell you a lot of things, Anna Semionovna... an awful lot... when I saw you the first time.... You've got a bite.... then I understood what I'm living for, understood where my idol was--to whom I must devote my honest, active life... that must be a big one that's biting.... Seeing you, I feel in love for the first time, feel passionately in love! Wait before you give it a jerk.... let it bite harder.... Tell me, my darling, I adjure you, may I count on--not on reciprocity, no! I'm not worthy of that, I dare not even think of that—may I count on .... Pull!"Anna Semionovna raised her hand with the rod in it, yanked, and cried out. A little silvery-green fish shimmered in the air."My Lord, a perch! Ah, ah.... Quickly! It's getting free!"The perch got free of the hook, flopped through the' grass toward its native element.... and plopped into the water!In pursuit of the fish, Lapkin somehow inadvertently grabbed Anna Semionovna's hand instead of the fish, inadvertently pressed it to his lips.... She quickly drew it back, but it was already too late; their mouths inadvertently merged in a kiss. It happened somehow inadvertently. Another kiss followed the first, then vows and protestations.... What happy minutes! However, in this earthly life there is no absolute happiness. Happiness usually carries a poison in itself, or else. is poisoned by something from outside. So this time, too. As the young people were kissing, a laugh suddenly rang out. They glanced at the river and were stupefied: a naked boy was standing in the water up to his waist. This was Kolia, a schoolboy, Anna Semionovna's brother. He was standing in the water, staring at the young people, and laughing maliciously."Ah-ah-ah... you're kissing?" he said. "That's great! I'll tell Mama.""I hope that you, as an honest young man..." muttered Lapkin, blushing. "It's low-down to spy, and to tell tales is foul and detestable... I assume that you, as an honest and noble young man...""Give me a ruble and then I won't tell!" said the noble young man. "Or else I will."Lapkin pulled a ruble out of his pocket and gave it to Kolia. Kolia squeezed the ruble in his wet fist, whistled, and swam off. And the young people didn't kiss any more that time.The next day Lapkin brought Kolia some paints and a ball from town, and his sister gave him all her empty pill-boxes. After that they had to give him some cuff-links with dogs' heads on them. The wicked boy obviously liked all these things very much and, in order to get still more, he started keeping his eye on them. Wherever Lapkin and Anna Semionovna went, he went, too. He didn't leave them alone for a minute."The bastard!" Lapkin gnashed his teeth. "So little, and already such a real bastard! What's he going to be like later?!"All through June, Kolia made life impossible for the poor lovers. He threatened to tell on them, kept his eye on them, and demanded presents; it all wasn't enough for him, and he finally started talking about a pocket watch. And what then? They had to promise the watch.One time at dinner, when the waffle cookies were being passed, he suddenly burst out in aguffaw, winked an eye, and asked Lapkin:"Shall I tell? Huh?"Lapkin blushed terribly and started eating his napkin instead of the cookie. Anna Semionovna jumped up from the table and ran into the other room. And the young people found themselves in this position until the end of August, until the very day when, at last, Lapkin proposed to Anna Semionovna. Oh, what a happy day that was! Having talked to the parents of his bride, and having received their consent, Lapkin first of all ran out into the garden and started looking for Kolia. Once he had found him, he almost sobbed from delight and seized the wicked boy by the ear. Anna Semionovna, who had also been looking for Kolia, ran up, and seized him by the other ear. And you really ought to have seen what joy was written all over the lovers' faces as Kolia cried and begged them:"Dearest, darling, angels, I'll never do it again! Ow, ow! Forgive me!"And afterwards they both admitted that during the whole time they had been in love with each other they had never once felt such happiness, such breath-taking bliss as during those moments when they were pulling the wicked boy's ears.Section 3 Creative Thinking (30points)If you were the author, Somerset Maugham, what title would you give to the story below? Generate as many titles as you can before deciding on the best one. Be creative and go for quantity; list at least 10 titles.There was a merchant in Bagdad who sent his servant to market to buy provisions, and in a little while the servant came back, white and trembling, and said, "Master, just now when I was in the market, I was jostled by a woman in the crowd and when I turned I saw it was Death that jostled me. She looked at me and made a threatening gesture; now, lend me your horse, and I will ride away from this city and avoid my fate. I will go to Samarra and there Death will not find me." The merchant lent him his horse, and the servant mounted it, and he dug his spurs in its flanks and as fast as the horse could gallop he went. Then the merchant went down to the market, and he saw Death standing in the crowd and he came to Death and said, “Why did you make a threatening gesture to my servant when you saw him this morning?” “That was not a threatening gesture,”Death said. “It was only a start of surprise. I was astonished to see him in Bagdad, for I had an appointment with him tonight in Samarra.”Section4 Critical Thinking (20-point bonus)You do not have to do the task in this section, but you will get a 20-point bonus if you do it correctly.Identify errors in logic, if any, in the following arguments. Justify your answers.1. Hey, John, check this out! Two weeks ago, I bought this good luck charm, and I’ve been carrying with me every day. Since the, I’ve been carrying it around with me every day. Since then, I found $50 on the street, I got the apartment I was hoping for, and I got a date with Elaine! This good luck charm really works!2. Look, either we do a full-color glossy brochure or we don’t do anything at all. It’s better to have nothing than to have something shabby. Do it right or don’t do it at all.3. If we legalize marijuana, watch out-the legalization of cocaine and other drugs can’t be far behind.4. Do you support the ban of nuclear and biological weapons that would leave us defenseless against those countries that will continue to build nuclear and biological warheads in secret?5. One of the things those animal rights people want to do is to make you believe that a monkey has the same rights as a human being.This is the end of the examination.答案部分：北京外国语大学2004年硕士生入学考试英语语言文学专业试卷Time Limit: Three Hours Total Points: 150All answers must be written on the answer sheets.Section 1 Matching（30 points）（北京外国语大学2004年研）Match each of the following ten passages with its source. There are more sources than passages here, and one source may be matched with more than one passage.Write the passage number and the corresponding source letter for each answer. For example, suppose Passage 11 is the following:Only one same reason is shared by all of us: we wish to create worlds as real as, but other than the world that is. Or was. This is why we cannot plan. We know a world is an organism, not a machine. We also know that a genuinely created world must be independent of its creator; a planned world (a world that fully reveals its planning) is a dead world. It is only when our characters and events begin to disobey us that they begin to live.And its source is [M] John Fowles. Then your answer will be 11M.Sources (From A to L)[Al Geoffrey Chaucer [G] Ernest Hemingway[B] Kate Chopin [H] John Keats[C] Joseph Conrad [I] D. H. Lawrence[D] Frederick Douglass [J] Percy Bysshe Shelley[E] T. S. Eliot [K] John Steinbeck[Fl Thomas Hardy [L] Harriet Beecher StowePassages1. The meaning of an episode was not inside like a kernel but outside, enveloping the tale which brought it out only as a glow brings out a haze, in the likeness of one of these halos that sometimes are made visible by the spectral illumination of moonshine.2. The migrant people, scuttling for work, scrabbling to live, looked always for pleasure, dug for pleasure, manufactured pleasure, and they were hungry for amusement.3. A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over:"Allez vous-en.t Allez vous-en! Sapristi.t That's all fight!"4. In that dizzy moment her feet to her scarce seemed to touch the ground, and a moment brought, her to the water's edge. Right on behind they came, and, nerved with strength such as God gives only to the desperate, with one wild cry, and flying leap, she vaulted sheer over the turbid current by the shore, on to the raft of ice beyond.5. I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant.6. We two whites stood over him, and his lustrous and inquiring glance enveloped us both. I declare it looked as though he would presently put to us some question in an understandable language; but he died without uttering a sound, without moving a limb, without twitching a muscle. Only in the very last moment, as though in response to some sign we could not see, to some whisper we could not hear, he frowned heavily, and that frown gave to his black death-mask an inconceivably somber, brooding, and menacing expression.7. It is the same! —For, be it joy or sorrow,The path of its departure still is free;Man's yesterday may ne'er'be like his morrow;Nought may endure but Mutability.8. A snake came to my water troughOn a hot, hot day, and I in pajamas for the heat,To drink there.9.The river's tent is broken: the last fingers of leafClutch and sink into the wet bank. The windCrosses the brown land, unheard. The nymphs are departed.10.Good table manners she had learnt as well:She never let a crumb from her mouth fall;She never soiled her fingers, dipping deepInto the sauce; when lifting to her lipsSome morsel, she was careful not to spillSo much as one small drop upon her breast.Her greatest pleasure was in etiquette.参考答案：1C 2K 3B 4L 5D 6C 7J 8I 9E 10 ?The following sections of the examination will be graded on both what you say and how you say it.Section2 Short Essays (90 points) （北京外国语大学2004年研）I. Summarize the plot of the following story in your own words (around200 words). (30points)2. Comment on the role of the wicked boy in the story. (30points)3.What is the theme of the story? Pay particular attention to the ending. (30points)A Wicked BoyBy Anton ChekhovIvan Ivanych Lapkin, a young man of nice appearance, and Anna Semionovna Zamblitskaia, a young girl with a little mined-up nose, went down the steep bank and sat down on a small bench. The bench stood right by the water among some thick young osier bushes. What a wonderful little place! Once you've sat down, you were hidden from the world—only the fish saw you, and the water-tigers, running like lightning over the water. The young people were armed with rods, nets, cans of worms, and other fishing equipment. Having sat down, they started fishing right away."I'm glad we're alone at last," Lapkin began, looking around. "I have to tell you a lot of things, Anna Semionovna... an awful lot... when I saw you the first time.... You've got a bite.... then I understood what I'm living for, understood where my idol was--to whom I must devote my honest, active life... that must be a big one that's biting.... Seeing you, I feel in love for the first time, feel passionately in love! Wait before you give it a jerk.... let it bite harder.... Tell me, my darling, I adjure you, may I count on--not on reciprocity, no! I'm not worthy of that, I dare not even think of that—may I count on .... Pull!"Anna Semionovna raised her hand with the rod in it, yanked, and cried out. A little silvery-green fish shimmered in the air."My Lord, a perch! Ah, ah.... Quickly! It's getting free!"The perch got free of the hook, flopped through the' grass toward its native element.... and plopped into the water!In pursuit of the fish, Lapkin somehow inadvertently grabbed Anna Semionovna's hand instead of the fish, inadvertently pressed it to his lips.... She quickly drew it back, but it was already too late; their mouths inadvertently merged in a kiss. It happened somehow inadvertently. Another kiss followed the first, then vows and protestations.... What happy minutes! However, in this earthly life there is no absolute happiness. Happiness usually carries a poison in itself, or else. is poisoned by something from outside. So this time, too. As the young people were kissing, a laugh suddenly rang out. They glanced at the river and were stupefied: a naked boy was standing in the water up to his waist. This was Kolia, a schoolboy, Anna Semionovna's brother. He was standing in the water, staring at the young people, and laughing maliciously."Ah-ah-ah... you're kissing?" he said. "That's great! I'll tell Mama.""I hope that you, as an honest young man..." muttered Lapkin, blushing. "It's low-down to spy, and to tell tales is foul and detestable... I assume that you, as an honest and noble young man...""Give me a ruble and then I won't tell!" said the noble young man. "Or else I will."Lapkin pulled a ruble out of his pocket and gave it to Kolia. Kolia squeezed the ruble in his wet fist, whistled, and swam off. And the young people didn't kiss any more that time.The next day Lapkin brought Kolia some paints and a ball from town, and his sister gave him all her empty pill-boxes. After that they had to give him some cuff-links with dogs' heads on them. The wicked boy obviously liked all these things very much and, in order to get still more, he started keeping his eye on them. Wherever Lapkin and Anna Semionovna went, he went, too. He didn't leave them alone for a minute."The bastard!" Lapkin gnashed his teeth. "So little, and already such a real bastard! What's he going to be like later?!"All through June, Kolia made life impossible for the poor lovers. He threatened to tell on them, kept his eye on them, and demanded presents; it all wasn't enough for him, and he finally started talking about a pocket watch. And what then? They had to promise the watch.One time at dinner, when the waffle cookies were being passed, he suddenly burst out in a guffaw, winked an eye, and asked Lapkin:"Shall I tell? Huh?"Lapkin blushed terribly and started eating his napkin instead of the cookie. Anna Semionovna jumped up from the table and ran into the other room. And the young people found themselves in this position until the end of August, until the very day when, at last, Lapkin proposed to Anna Semionovna. Oh, what a happy day that was! Having talked to the parents of his bride, and having received their consent, Lapkin first of all ran out into the garden and started looking for Kolia. Once he had found him, he almost sobbed from delight and seized the wicked boy by the ear. Anna Semionovna, who had also been looking for Kolia, ran up, and seized him by the other ear. And you really ought to have seen what joy was written all over the lovers' faces as Kolia cried and begged them:"Dearest, darling, angels, I'll never do it again! Ow, ow! Forgive me!"And afterwards they both admitted that during the whole time they had been in love with each other they had never once felt such happiness, such breath-taking bliss as during those moments when they were pulling the wicked boy's ears.参考答案：1. A young man, Lapkin fell in love with Anna. One day by the river as they were doing fishing, he expressed his love for her and they kissed. However, their kissing was discovered by Anna’s brother, Kolia. Kolia asked for a ruble, or he would go to Mama to tell on them. And he got the ruble. The next day Lapkin and Anna again gave him some presents for him to shut his mouth. Then the boy saw how much he could benefit from them. From time to time he demanded presents from the lovers and his small tricks would always work. While Kolia was content, it was the lovers who suffered. On the one hand, they were forced to meet Kolia’s demands for presents. On the other hand, Kolia kept a close watch on them so that they did not have free time of their own. It lasted about three months until the day when Lapkin proposed to Anna and got her parents’approval. Finally they got rid of the threat of Kolia and became librated. Then the lovers found out Kolia and punished him by seizing his ears.2. The wicked boy mainly plays two roles, one is that of obstruction, and the other is that of catalyst. Firstly, the wicked boy keeps a close watch on the lovers and goes wherever they go. Therefore, the lovers do not have time that belongs to them. So the wicked boy is an obstruction to the lovers. However, paradoxically, the wicked boy is also a catalyst in the development of the lovers’ relationship. On the one hand, with his tricks, the wicked boy becomes the common enemy of the lovers. And the two lovers work together to solve the problems raised by the wicked boy,which promotes the development of their relationship and also avoids the possibilities of their quarreling. Meanwhile, Lapkin’s proposal to Anna so early also to some extent attributes to the wicked boy’s tricks.3. The theme of the story is that freedom is the most valuable of all things. As we can see in the story, the lovers are kept watch by the wicked boy and are never left alone for even a minute. The wicked boy’s interference with the lovers’ life makes their life miserable so that they are not able to enjoy fully the time when they are dating. At last, after the proposal, they suddenly become overjoyed, as they finally bring their freedom back. That’s why at the end of the story, the lovers admits that they have never been so happy during their dating time as during the moments when they are punishing the boy by pulling his ears.Section 3 Creative Thinking (30points) （北京外国语大学2004年研）If you were the author, Somerset Maugham, what title would you give to the story below? Generate as many titles as you can before deciding on the best one. Be creative and go for quantity; list at least 10 titles.There was a merchant in Bagdad who sent his servant to market to buy provisions, and in a little while the servant came back, white and trembling, and said, "Master, just now when I was in the market, I was jostled by a woman in the crowd and when I turned I saw it was Death that jostled me. She looked at me and made a threatening gesture; now, lend me your horse, and I will ride away from this city and avoid my fate. I will go to Samarra and there Death will not find me." The merchant lent him his horse, and the servant mounted it, and he dug his spurs in its flanks and as fast as the horse could gallop he went. Then the merchant went down to the market, and he saw Death standing in the crowd and he came to Death and said, “Why did you make a threatening gesture to my servant when you saw him this morning?” “That was not a threatening gesture,”Death said. “It was only a start of surprise. I was astonished to see him in Bagdad, for I had an appointment with him tonight in Samarra.”参考答案:How Far Can He Escape?; The Doomed; Fate; Appointment with Death; The Meeting with Death: Escape Into His Destiny; To Escape or Not to Escape, That is a Question; The Servant and the Death; Stay Where You Are; Is to Escape the Best Strategy out of the Thirty-six Stratagem?Section4 Critical Thinking (20-point bonus)（北京外国语大学2004年研）You do not have to do the task in this section, but you will get a 20-point bonus if you do it correctly.Identify errors in logic, if any, in the following arguments. Justify your answers.1. Hey, John, check this out! Two weeks ago, I bought this good luck charm, and I’ve been carrying with me every day. Since the, I’ve been carrying it around with me every day. Since then, I found $50 on the street, I got the apartment I was hoping for, and I got a date with Elaine! This good luck charm really works!2. Look, either we do a full-color glossy brochure or we don’t do anything at all. It’s better to have nothing than to have something shabby. Do it right or don’t do it at all.3. If we legalize marijuana, watch out-the legalization of cocaine and other drugs can’t be far behind.4. Do you support the ban of nuclear and biological weapons that would leave us defenseless against those countries that will continue to build nuclear and biological warheads in secret?5. One of the things those animal rights people want to do is to make you believe that a monkey has the same rights as a human being.This is the end of the examination.参考答案：1. Doubtful cause. The good luck charm is not the cause of his recent good luck.2. False dilemma. The speaker gives only two extreme options and no middle ground.3. Slippery slope. The legalization of marijuana does not necessarily leads to the legalization of cocaine and other drugs.4. Begging the question.Nuclear and biological weapons are being discussed here.5. Straw man. The speaker intends to misrepresent the opinions of the animal rights people.本文档来源于布丁考研网（），全国最真实、最全面的考研真题及资料库。
北大美学专业考研真题+详解。西方美学含哲学
北大美学专业考研真题+详解。
西方美学含哲学1.名解___提出的此在（Dasein）（5）___（fecility）（5）___的悲剧（5）___的无意识（5）2.简答1.___在《诗学》中的文艺思想（10）2.19世纪俄国美学思想概述（10）3.___对诗和诗人的看法（15）4.___的文艺观（15）3.论述1.艺术概念与现代美学的起源，以及二者的关系和对20世纪西方美学的影响（40）2.___解释学的意义，以及与美学的关系（40）解析：本文是一篇考试题目，需要将其格式规范化。
同时，删除了明显有问题的段落。
在改写时，尽量保留原文的意思，但进行了一些小幅度的修改，使其更加通顺易懂。
___是___的弟子，但与其师不同，他认为文艺不是对理式影子的模仿，而是对现实世界的模仿。
他提出了“过失说”，认为悲剧是最高超的艺术形式，可以净化灵魂，具有陶冶情操的作用。
他同时为古典主义的发展奠定了基础，提出了“时间、地点、人物”的三一律和典型刻画的重要性。
在艺术起源方面，他认为艺术起源于“音乐感”“节奏感”，即人的生理活动的自我调节。
___的哲学为整个西方哲学奠定了基础，他是客观唯心主义的创始人。
在他的哲学中，“理念论”、“理式”、“相”(Ideal)是最高实体，先产生了现实世界，然后文艺在对现实世界的模仿上产生，即“真理隔三层”。
每个事物都有一个相来对应，树有树的，植物有植物，而艺术只是真理的影子。
___的这种哲学思想对诗和诗人的地位产生了负面影响。
后来的哲学家如、___的“自在之物”、___的“物自身”、___的“绝对精神”等都难以逃脱“理念论”/“理式”/“相”(Ideal)这个本体的窠臼。
在___之前，美感和快感常常被混淆。
然而___明确指出美感与快感不同，认为美不是概念、推理或逻辑判断，而是纯粹的，美感是一种无功利、纯粹的愉悦感。
___将美分为“纯粹美”和“附庸美”，其中纯粹美是一种形式之美，即想象力和知性的自由谐和。
2022北京大学英语语言文学考研真题考研经验考研参考书
北京大学英语语言文学考研真题经验参考书目录第一章考前知识浏览1.1北京大学招生简章......................1.2北京大学专业目录........................ 1.3北京大学英语语言文学专业历年报录比....... 1.4北京大学英语语言文学初试科目解析......第二章英语语言文学专业就业前景解读2.1北京大学专业综合介绍.................2.2北京大学专业就业解析.................2.3北京大学各方向对比分析.......第三章北京大学英语语言文学专业内部信息传递3.1报考数据分析..............3.2复试信息分析..............3.3导师信息了解........第四章北京大学英语语言文学初试专业课考研知识点4.1参考书目分析..........4.2真题分析................4.3重点知识点汇总分析（大纲）....第五章北京大学英语语言文学初试复习计划分享5.1政治英语复习技巧5.2专业课复习全程详细攻略5.3时间管理策略及习题使用第六章北京大学英语语言文学复试6.1复试公共部分的注意事项6.2复试专业课部分的小Tips“天高云淡，望断南飞雁，不到长城非好汉”，考研之路亦是如此!一直想写一篇关于考研经验的文章。
一是希望能够帮助接下来的考研的学弟学妹们；二是希望给自己过去的一年做个总结。
如果能和一些人产生共鸣，甚至能帮到一些人，那就再好不过了。
北大外国语学院的英语语言文学不区分研究方向，考试科目如下：【参考书目】李赋宁主编：《欧洲文学史》4卷本，古希腊罗马，西欧，俄国部分，商务印书馆，1999年。
罗经国：《新编英国文学选读》2卷本，北京大学出版社，1996年。
陈嘉：《英国文学作品选读》2卷本，商务印书馆，1982年。
李宜燮、常耀信主编：《美国文学选读》2卷本，南开大学出版社，1991年。
北京大学英美文学考研参考书,考研经验、考研真题
北京大学英语语言文学2013年考研真题育明教育孙老师整理，欢迎大家来育明教育学习。
专业能力：（1）英翻中（50）The Poetry of Architecture:Cottage,Villa,Etc.to Which Is Added Suggestions on Works of Art作者：John Ruskin第41页和42页,google图书从I must take notice of its effect in scenery.When one has been wandering for a whole morning through a valley到because they are useless,uneaning and incongruous.主要讲瑞士cottage,个人感觉还是有一定难度的,因为有好几个句子感觉比较复杂，很容易译偏了，相反那几个如雷贯耳的建筑名字我觉得大家应该都知道，不算很难，除了Pyramid of Cheops(胡夫金字塔)这个。
这篇文章我花了好长时间，还是没翻全，能力还没到家，平时训练太少了。
（2）中翻英（40）个人感觉特别简单，和往年有人回忆的很像，是梁实秋的文章，还是很简单很直白的（语言很有英语文法的痕迹）。
主要讲浪漫主义和新古典主义之间的关系，最后说这浪漫主义的情感和新古典主义的理性一直激荡在每个时期的作品中。
（3）阅读写作（60）主要讲American学术自由的。
阅读足足三页纸，我由于之前浪费在第一道题太多时间，明显觉得时间不够唉。
Paraphrase和单词解释以及一篇30分的写作，主要是两个词，那两个名词的含义特别相似，都有思想殿堂的意思吧，不过这两个词出现在文章的不同位置，题目要问的是这两个词分别在文中的意思以及每一个词在那个位置是怎么揭示它要表达的主题的，根据上下文来response。
经验：时间分配特别重要，阅读理解大家好好做，一定要读懂。
北大英文考研真题答案解析
北大英文考研真题答案解析北京大学英语考研真题答案解析近年来，越来越多的学子选择报考北京大学英语研究生入学考试（考研）来进一步提升自己的学术能力。
而英语考研作为考试的重要一环，备受广大考生的关注。
本文将对北大英语考研真题中的一些典型问题进行解析，帮助考生更好地应对考试。
第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解一直是英语考研中的难点和重点，需要考生具备较强的阅读和理解能力。
以下列举了北大英语考研真题中的一个例子：Passage 1:In America, people often use the word "network." A network is a group of people who help one another. They help one another in many ways. They tell one another about new jobs. They give one another good advice. They are like friends. Why do people in America have such good networks? One reason is that Americans move around a lot. Most Americans have moved many times in their lives. When they move, they leave many friends behind. They have to make new friends. So they are always looking for new people to meet. This is one reason why Americans are such good networkers.Another reason is that Americans do not like to be bored. They do not like to do the same thing every day. They like tolearn new things. So they go to school many times in their lives. When they go to school, they meet new people. They become friends with these new people. These new people become a part of their network.A third reason is that Americans like to make money. Money is important to them. In America, many jobs come from people's networks. For example, someone might be looking for a job at a restaurant. They could ask their friends if they know of any jobs. Someone could tell them about a job at a new restaurant that is going to open. This is how many jobs in America are found. Friends help friends.In conclusion, networks are very important in America. People use networks to find jobs. They use them to learn new things. They use them to help one another. Networks help make life better for everyone.Questions:1. What are networks in America?A. TelevisionsB. ComputersC. HospitalsD. Groups of people答案解析：D。
【北京外国语大学-英美文学-考研真题及答案】英美文学2010
【北京外国语大学-英美文学-考研真题及答案】英美文学方向专业试卷（考试时间3 小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）Section 1 Matching (30points)Match each of the following ten passages with its. author. There are more authors than passages here, and one author may be matched with more than onepassage.Write the passage number (1-10) and the corresponding author letter (A 句for each answer. For example, thefollowing is Passage2:Only one same reason is shared by all of us: we wish to create worlds as real as, but other than the world that is. Or was. This is why we cannot plan. We know a world is an organism, not a machine. We also know that a genuinely created world must be independent of its creator; a planned world (a world that fully reveals its planning) is a dead world. It is only when our characters and events begin to disobey us that they begin to l ive.And its author is [M] F owles. Then your answer should be: 2M.Passages1.Whoso would be a man must be a non-conformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of our own mind. Aboslve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world.2.It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger - but I done it, and I wam't ever sorry for it afterwards, neither. I didn't do him no more mean tricks, and I wouldn't done that one ifl'd a knowed it would make him feel that way.3.While arranging my hair, I looked at my face in the glass and felt it was no longer plain: there was hope in its aspect and life in its colour; and my eyes seemed as if they had beheld the fount of fruition and borrowed beams from the lustrous ripple. I had often been unwilling to look at my master, because I feared he could not be pleased at my look: but I was sure I might lift my face to his now, and not cool his affection by its expression.4.Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.5.Some say the world will end in fire,Some say in ice.From what I've tasted of desire,I hold with those who favour fire.But if it had to perish twice,I think I know enough of hateTo say that for destructionice Is also greatAnd would suffice.6.I wander thro' each charter'd street,Near where the charter'd Thames does flow,And mark in every face I meetMarks of weakness, marks of woe.7.Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:What if my leaves are falling like its own!The tumult of thy mighty harmoniesWill take from both a deep, autumnal tone,Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!8.Another thing in Joe that I could not understand when it fi订st began to develop itself, but which I soon arrived at sorrowful comprehension of, was this: As I became stronger and better, Joe became a little less easy with me.9.All Nature is but art, unknown to thee;All chance, direction, which thou canst not see;All discord, harmony not understood;All partial evil, universal good;And, spite of pride, in erring reason's spite,One truth is clear: whatever IS, is RIGHT.10.The grass-plot before the jail, in Prison Lane, on a certain summer morning, not less than two centuries ago, was occupied by a pretty large number of the inhabitants of Boston, all with their eyes intently fastened on the iron-clamped oaken door. Amongst any other population, or at a later period in the history of New England, the grim rigidity that petrified the bearded physiognomies of these good people would have ugured some awful business in hand.AuthorsA.Henry Divid ThoreauB.William WordsworthC.Charles DickensD.Alexander PopeE.Francis BaconF.Charlotte BronteG.Percy Bysshe ShelleyH.Robert FrostI.Mark TwainJ.William ShakespeareK.Nathaniel Haw出orneL.Ralph W. EmersonM.Willam BlakeSection 2 Short Story (120points)1.Summarize the p lot o f t hefollowing .sto疗in y our own words. (30points)2.De fine the ma j or theme o f the following short sto叮'.(40points)3.Make a brief comment on the characterization of the man and his wife. (30points)4.C omment on the ending part o f the story.{20points)The Enormous RadioJim and Irene Wescott were the kind of people who seem to strike that satisfactory average of income, endeavor, and respectability that is reached by the statistical reports in college alumni bulletins. They were the parents of two young children, they had been married nine years, they lived on the twelfth floor of an apartment house near Sutton Place, they went to the theater on an average of 10.3 times a year, and they hoped someday to live in Westchester. Irene Wescott was a pleasant, rather plain g订l with soft brown hair, and a wide, fine forehead upon which nothing at all had been written, and in the cold weather she wore a coat of fitch skins dyed to resemble mink. You could not say that Jim Westcott looked younger than he was, but you could at least say of him that he seemed to feel younger. He wore his graying hair cut very short, he dressed in the kind of clothes his class had worn at Andover, and his manner was earnest, vehement, and intentionally na'ive. The Westcotts differed from their friends, their classmates, and their neighbors, only in an interest they shared in serious music. They went to a great many concerts - although they seldom mentioned t压s to anyone - and they spent a good deal of time listening to music on the radio.Their radio was an old instrument, sensitive, unpredictable, and beyond repair. He promised to buy Irene a new radio, and on Monday when he came home from work he told her that he had got one. He refused to describe it, and said it would be a surprise for her when it came.The radio was delivered at the kitchen door the follo劝ng afternoon, and with the assistance of her maid and the handyman Irene uncrated it and brought it into the living room. She wasstruck at once with the physical ugliness of the large gumwood cabinet. Irene was proud of her living room, she.had chosen its furnishings and colors as carefully as she chose her clothes, and now it seemed to her that her new radio stood among her intimate possessions like an aggressive intruder. She was confounded by the number of dials and switches on the instrument panel, and she studied them thoroughly before she put the plug into a wall socket and turned the radio on. The dials flooded with a malevolent green light, and in the distance she heard the music of a piano quartet. The quintet was in the distance for only an instant; it bore down upon her with a speed greater than light and filled the apartment with the noise of music amplified so mightily that it knocked a china ornament from a table to the floor. She rushed to the instrument and reduced the volume. The violent forces that were snared in the ugly gumwood cabinet made her uneasy. Her children came home from schoc,l then, and she took them to the Park. It was not until later in the afternoon that she was able to return to the radio.The maid had given the children their suppers and was supervising their baths when Irene turned on the radio, reduced the volume, and sat down to listen to a Mozart quintet that she knew and enjoyed. The music came through clearly. The new instrument had a much purer tone, she thought, than the old one. She decided that tone was most important and that she could conceal the cabinet behind the sofa. But as soon as she had made her peace with the radio, the interference began. A crackling sound like the noise of a burning powder fuse began to accompany the singing of the strings. Beyond the music, there was a rustling that reminded Irene unpleasantly of the sea, and as the quintet progressed, these noises were joined by the many others. She tried all the dials and switches but nothing dimmed the interference, and she sat down, disappointed and bewildered, and tried to trace the flight of the melody. The elevator shaft in her building ran beside the living-room wall, and it was the noise of the elevator that gave her a clue to the character of the static. The rattling of the elevator cables and the opening and closing of the elevator doors were reproduced in her loudspeaker, and, realizing that the radio was sensitive to electrical currents of all sorts, she began to discern through the Mozart the ringing of telephone bells, the dialing of phones, and the lamentation of a vacuum cleaner. By listening more carefully, she was able to distinguish doorbells, elevator bells, electric razors, and Waring mixers, whose sounds had been picked up from the apartments that surrounded hers and transmitted through her loudspeaker. The powerful and ugly instrument, with its mistaken sensibility to discord, was more than·she could hope to master, so she turned the thing off and went into the nursery to see her children.When Jim came home that night, he was tired, and he took a bath and changed his clothes. Then he joined Irene in the living room. He had just turned on the radio when the maid .announced dinner, so he left it on, and Irene went to the table.Jim was too tired to make even·pretense of sociability, and there was nothing about the dinner to hold Irene's interest, so her attention wandered from the food to the deposits of silver polish on the candlesticks and from there to the music in the other room. She listened for a few minutes to a Chopin prelude and then was surprised to hear a man's voice break in. ."For Christ's sake, Kathy," he said, "do you always have to play the piano when I get home?" The music stopped abruptly. "It's the only chance I have," the woman said. "I'm at the office all day." "So am I," the man said. He added something obscene about an upright piano, and slammed a door. The passionate and m elancholy music began again."Did you hear that?" Irene asked."What?" Jim was eating his dessert."The radio. A man said something while the music was still going on -- something dirty.""It's probably a play.""I don't think it is a play," Irene said.They left the table and took their coffee into the living room. Irene asked Jim to try another station. He turned the knob. "Have you seen my garters?" A man asked. "Button me up," a woman said. "Have you seen my garters?" the man said again. "Just button me up and I'll find your ga廿ers," the woman said. Jim shifted to another station. "I wish you wouldn't leave apple cores in the ashtrays," a man said. "I hate the smell.""This is strange," Jim said."Isn't it?" Irene said.Jim turned the knob again. "'On the coast of Coromandel where the early pumpkins blow,"' a woman with a pronounced English accent said, "'in the middle of the woods lived the Yonghy-Bonghy-Bo. Two old chairs, and half a candle, one old jug without a handle "' "My God!" Irene cried. "That's the Sweeneys' nurse.""'These were all his worldly goods,"' the British voice continued."Turn that thing off," Irene said."Maybe they can hear us." Jim switched the radio off. "That was Miss Armstrong, the Sweeneys' nurse," Irene said. "She must be reading to the little girl. They live in 17-B. I've talked with Miss Armstrong in the Park. I know her voice very well. We must be getting other people's apartments.""That's impossible," Jim said."Well, that was the Sweeneys' nurse," Irene said hotly. "I know her voice. I know it very well. I'm wondering if they can hear us."Jim turned the switch. First from a distance and then nearer, nearer, as if borne on the wind, came the pure accents of the Sweeneys' nurse again: '"Lady Jingly! Lady Jingly!"' she said, '"sitting where the pumpkins blow, will you come and be my wife? said the Yonghy-Bonghy-Bo '"Jim went over to the radio and said, "Hello" loudly into the speaker.'"/ am tired of living singly, "' the nurse went on, '"on this coast so wild and shingly, I'm a-weary of my life; ifyou 'll come and be my wife, quite serene would be my life '""I guess she can't hear us," Irene said. "Try something else."Jim turned to another station, and the living room was filled with the uproar of a cocktail party that had overshot its mark. Someone was playing the piano and singing the "Whiffenpoof Song," and the voices that surrounded the piano were vehement and happy. "Eat some more sandwiches," a woman shrieked. 1h e r e were screams of laughter and a dish of some sort crashed to the floor."Those must be the Fullers, in 11-E," Irene said. "I knew they were giving a party this afternoon. I saw her in the liquor store. Isn't this too divine? Try something else. See if you can get those people in 18-C."The Westcotts overheard that evening a monologue on salmon fishing in Canada, a bridge game, running comments on home movies of what had apparently been a fortnight at Sea Island, and a bitter family quarrel about an overdraft at the bank. They turned off their radio at midnight and went to bed, weak with laughter.The following morning, Irene cooked breakfast for the family - the maid didn't come up from her room in the basement until ten - braided her daughter's hair, and waited at the door until her children and her husband had been carried away in the elevator. Then she went into the living room and tried the radio. "I don't want to go to school," a child screamed. "I hate school. I won't go to school. I hate school." "You will go to school," an enraged woman said. "We paid eight hundred dollars to get you into that school and you'll go if it kills you." The next number on the dial produced the worn record of the "Missouri Waltz." Irene shifted the control and invaded the privacy of several breakfast tables. She overheard demonstrations of indigestion, carnal love, abysmal vanity, faith, and despair. Irene's life was nearly as simple and sheltered as it appeared to be, and the forthright and sometimes brutal language that came from the loudspeaker that morning astonished and troubled her. She continued to listen until her maid came in. Then she turned off the radio quickly, since this insight, she realized, was a furtive one.Irene had a luncheon date with a friend that day, and she left her apartment a little after twelve.Irene had two Martinis at lunch, and she looked searchingly at her friend and wondered what her secrets were. They had intended to go shopping after lunch, but Irene excused herself and went home. She told the maid that she was not to be disturbed; then she went into the living room, closed the doors, and switched on the radio. She heard, in the course of the afternoon, the halting conversation of a woman entertaining her aunt, the hysterical conclusion of a luncheon party, and hostess briefing her maid about some cocktail guests. "Don't give the best Scotch to anyone who hasn't white hair," the hostess said. "See if you can get rid of the liver paste before you pass those hot things, and could you lend me five dollars? I want to tip the elevator man."As the afternoon waned, the conversations increased in intensity. From where Irene sat, she could see the open sky above the East River. There were hundreds of clouds in the sky, as though the south wind had broken the winter into pieces and were blowing it north, and on her radio she could hear the arrival of cocktail guests and the return of children and businessmen from their schools and offices. "I found a good-sized diamond on the bathroom floor this morning," a woman said. "It must have fallen out of the bracelet Mrs. Dunston was wearing last night." "We'll sell it," a man said. 'Take it down to the jeweler on Madison Avenue and sell it. Mrs. Dunston won'tknow the difference, and we could use a couple of hundred bucks " "'Oranges and lemons, say the bells of St. Clement's,'" the Sweeneys' nurse sang. "Halfpence and farthings, say the bells of St. Martin's. When will you pay me? say the bells at old Bailey ..."' "It's not a hat," a womancried, and at her back roared a cocktail party. "It's not a hat, it's a love affair. That's what Walter Florell said. He said it's not a hat, it's a love affair," and then, in a lower voice, the same woman added, "Talk to somebody, for Christ's sake, honey, talk to somebody. If she catches you standing here not talking to anybody, she'll take us off her invitation list, and I love these parties."Jim came home at about six the next night. Emma, the maid, let him in , and he had taken off his hat and was taking off his coat when Irene ran into the hall. Her face was shining with tears and her hair was disordered. "Go up to 16-C, Jim!" she screamed. "Don't take off your coat. Go up to 16-C. Mr Osborn's beating his wife. They've been quarreling since four o'clock, and now he is hitting her. Go up there and stop him."From the radio in the living room, Jim heard screams, obscenities, and thuds. "You know you don't have to listen to this sort of thing," he said. He strode into the living room and turned the switch. "It's indecent," he said. "It's like looking into windows. You know you don't have to listen to this sort of thing. You can turn it off.""Oh, it's so terrible, it's so dreaful," Irene was sobbing. I've been listening all day, and it's so depressing.""Well, if it's so depressing, why do you listen to it? I brought this dammed radio to give you some pleasure," he said. "I paid a great deal of money for it. I thought it might make you happy. I wanted to make you happy.""Don't , don't, don't,,don't quarrel with me," she moaned, and laid her head on his shoulder. "All the others have been quarreling all day. Everybody's been quarreling. They're all worried about money. Mrs. Hutchinson's mother is dying of cancer in Florida and they don't have enough money to send her to the Mayo Clinic. At least, Mr Hutchinson says they don't have enough money. And some woman in this building is having an affair with the handyman - with that hideous handyman. It's too disgusting. And Mrs. Melville has heart trouble, and Mr. Hendricks is going to lose his job in April and Mrs. Hendricks is horrid about the whole thing and that girl that plays the "Missouri Waltz" is a whore, a common whore, and the elevator man has tuberculosis and Mr. Osborn has been beating his wife." She wailed, she trembled with grief and checked the stream of tears down her face with the heel of her palm."Well why do you have to listen?" Jim asked again. "Why do you have to listen to this stuff if it makes you miserable?""Oh, don't, don't, don't," she cried; "Life is too terrible, too sordid and awful. But we'venever been like that, have we, darling"? Have we? I mean, we've always been good and decent and loving to one another, haven't we? And we have two children, two beautiful children. Our lives aren't sordid, are they, darling? Are they?" She flung her arms around his neck and drew his face down to hers. "We're happy, aren't we, darling? We are happy, aren't we?""Of course we're happy," he said tiredly. He began to surrender his resentment. "Of course we are happy. "I'll have that dammed radio fixed or taken away tomorrow." He stroked her soft hair. "My poor girl," he said."You love me, don't you? she asked. "And we're not hypercritical or worried about money or dishonesty, are we?"A man came in the morning and fixed the radio. Irene turned it on cautiously and was happy to hear a California-wine commercial and a recording of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, including Schiller's "Ode to Joy." She kept the radio on all day and nothing untoward came toward the speaker.A Spanish suite was being played when Jim came home. "Is everything all right?" he asked. His face was pale, she thought. They had some cocktails and went to dinner to the "Anvil Chorus" from II Trovatore. This was followed by Debussy's "La Mer.""I paid the bill for the radio today," Jim said. "It cost four hundred dollars. I hope you'll get some enjoyment out of it.""Oh, I'm sure I will," Irene said."Four hundred dollars is a good deal more than I can afford," he went on. "I wanted to get something that you'd enjoy. It's the last extravagance we'll indulge in this year. I see that you haven't paid your clothing bills yet. I saw them on.your dressing table." He looked directly at her. "Why did you tell me you paid them? Why did you lie to me?""I just didn't want you to worry, Jim," she said. She drank some water. "I'll be able to pay my bills out of this months allowance. There were the slipcovers last month, and that party.""You've got to learn to handle the money I give you a little more intelligently, Irene," he said. "You've got to understand that we don't have as much money this year as we had last. I had a very sobering talk with Mitchell today. No one is buying anything. We're spending all of our timepromoting new issues, and you know how long that takes. I'm not getting any younger you know. I'm thirty-seven. My hair will be gray next year. I haven't done as well as I hoped to do. And I don't suppose things will get any better.""Yes dear," she said."We've got to start cutting down," Jim said. "We've got to think of the children. To be perfectly frank with you, I worry about money a great deal. I'm not at all sure of the future. No one is. If anything should happen to me, there's the insurance, but that won't go very far today. I've worked awfully hard to give you and the children a comfortable life," he said bitterly. "I don't like to see all my energies, all my youth, wasted in fur coast and radios and slipcovers and -""Please Jim," she said. "Please. They'll hear us.""Who'll hear us? Emma can't hear us.""The Radio.""Oh, I'm sick! He shouted. "I'm sick to death of your apprehensiveness. The radio can't hear us. Nobody can hear us. And what if they can hear us? Who cares?"Irene got up from the table and went into the living room. Jim went to the door and shouted from there. "Why are you so Christly all of a sudden? What's turned you overnight into a convent girl? You stole your mother's jewelry before they probated her will. You never gave your sister a cent of that money that was intended for her - not even when she needed it. You made Grace Rowland's life miserable, and where was all your all your piety and your virtue when you went to that abortionist? I'll never forget how cool you were. You packed your bag and went off to have that child murdered as if you were going to Nassau. If you had any reasons, if you had any good reasons -Irene stood for a minute before the hideous cabinet , disgraced and sickened, but she held her hand on the switch before she extinguished the music and the voices, hoping the instrument might speak to her kindly, that she might hear the Sweeney's nurse. Jim continued to shout at her from the door. The voice on the radio was suave and noncommital. "An early-morning railroad disaster in Tokyo," the loudspeaker said, "killed twenty-nine people. A frre in a Catholic hospital near Buffalo for the care of blind children was extinguished early this morning by nuns. The temperature is forty-seven. The humidity is eighty-nine."。
北京大学外国语学院专业能力历年考研真题及详解
北京大学外国语学院专业能力历年考研真题及详解，益星学习网有全套资料目录2004年北京大学外国语学院661专业能力考研真题及详解2007年北京大学外国语学院661专业能力考研真题及详解2012年北京大学外国语学院664专业能力考研真题及详解2004年北京大学外国语学院661专业能力考研真题及详解一、Translate the passage into Chinese. （50分）HE THAT hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune; for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief. Certainly the best works, and of greatest merit for the public, have proceeded from the unmarried or childless men; which both in affection and means, have married and endowed the public. Yet it were great reason that those that have children, should have greatest care of future times; unto which they know they must transmit their dearest pledges.Some there are, who though they lead a single life, yet their thoughts do end with themselves, and account future times impertinences. Nay, there are some other, that account wife and children, but as bills of charges. Nay more, there are some foolish rich covetous men, that take a pride, in having no children, because they may be thought so much the richer. For perhaps they have heard some talk, Such an one is a great rich man, and another except to it, Yea, but he hath a great charge of children; as if it were an abatement to his riches. But the most ordinary cause of a single life, is liberty, especially in certain self-pleasing and humorous minds, which are so sensible of every restraint, as they will go near to think their girdles and garters, to be bonds and shackles. Unmarried men are best friends, best masters, best servants; but not always best subjects; for they are light to run away; and almost all fugitives, are of that condition.A single life doth well with churchmen; for charity will hardly water the ground, where it must first fill a pool. It is indifferent for judges and magistrates; for if they be facile and corrupt, you shall have a servant, five times worse than a wife. For soldiers, I find the generals commonly in their hortatives, put men in mind of their wives and children; and I think the despising of marriage amongst the Turks, making the vulgar soldier more base.Certainly wife and children are a kind of discipline of humanity; and single men, though they may be many times more charitable, because their means are less exhaust, yet, on the other side, they are more cruel and hardhearted (good to make severeinquisitors), because their tenderness is not so oft called upon. Grave natures, led by custom, and therefore constant, are commonly loving husbands, as was said of Ulysses, vetulam suam praetulit immortalitati.Chaste women are often proud and froward, as presuming upon the merit of their chastity. It is one of the best bonds, both of chastity and obedience, in the wife, if she think her husband wise; which she will never do, if she find him jealous. Wives are young men's mistresses; companions for middle age; and old men's nurses. So as a man may have a quarrel to marry, when he will.But yet he was reputed one of the wise men, that made answer to the question, when a man should marry. —A young man not yet, an elder man not at all. It is often seen that bad husbands, have very good wives; whether it be, that it raiseth the price of their husband's kindness, when it comes; or that the wives take a pride in their patience. But this never fails, if the bad husbands were of their own choosing, against their friends consent; for then they will be sure to make good their own folly.【参考译文】成了家的人，可以说对于命运之神付出了抵押品。
北京语言大学英语语言文学英美文学考研真题
北京语言大学英语语言文学英美文学考研真题英美文学一选择10*1 1.utopia Thomas More 2.有关于TS Eliot的文学理论，我选的是objective corelation 3.18C 既有小说实践又有小说理论，选几个小说家，选项有henry fielding，samuel johnson，defoe，swift，sheridan，oliva goldsmith每三个人一个太奇考研2016年早起计划咨询热线：4000-855-866 在线咨询YY：86489962 英美文学一选择10*11.utopia Thomas More2.有关于TS Eliot的文学理论，我选的是objective corelation3.18C 既有小说实践又有小说理论，选几个小说家，选项有henry fielding，samuel johnson，defoe，swift，sheridan，oliva goldsmith每三个人一个选项4.选谁是a writer's writer，启发了海明威，我选的sherwood anderson，还有Gertrude stein5.Mark Twain 的贡献Local colorism6.Fitzgerald的jazz age7.wordsworth's monumental work：lyrical ballads8.king james' Bible二填空15*2 1空1分1.大学才子派突出人物christopher marlowe ，突出作品Dr Faustus2.metaphysical school得名的由来是John dryden 评价John donne的诗歌。
3.critical realistic时期三个不同阶段代表人物Dickens，填Thackeray，Thomas Hardy4.英国作家，谁生活在20C早期，劳伦斯吧，认为the most sacred thing is love between man and woman，the expression of individuality是什么5.Walter Scott作品主要是historical novels 主要作品Ivanhoe6.Samuel Beckett，waiting for Godot，the theater of absurd7.Dos Passos的USA trilogy8.calvinism三项教义，original sin ，total depravity 填第三个，应该是赎罪什么的redemption9.Ezra Pound，the Imagist movement，他的The cantos发源于中国的孔子儒学10.American sociological writer……难道是Sinclair Lewis?与William Dean Howells 类比的一个作家，同样都deal with 什么11.Eugene O'neill的自传体戏剧Long Day's journey into night12.有关于女诗人Elizabeth Bishop.没复习到，在常老师的美国文学史里找着了：she was a (Postmodernist) both in he acceptance of life for what it is and in her openness in theme and form. one basic feature of her poetry lies in its at once material portrayal of life and (immaterial) suggesyion about it.13.关于John Barth，也不会。
英美文学考研名校英语专业考研真题分析
英美文学考研名校英语专业考研真题分析第1章全国院校英语专业英美文学考研真题分析对于报考英语专业研究生的考生而言，“英美文学”是全国各院校英语专业研究生入学考试专业课科目（一般而言，英语专业专业课分语言学、文学及翻译等三个研究方向）。
需要说明的是，有的院校会将研究方向与考试科目紧密挂钩，即报考英美文学研究方向就只考英美文学试题，报考语言学方向就只考语言学试题，英美文学为单卷，分值为150分；有的院校试卷考察内容会同时涉及文学、语言学、翻译等内容（有的院校涉及两部分），各占50分，满分150分。
1.1 英美文学考研真题分析全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考研考试大纲时，虽然“英美文学”科目一般都有指定参考书，但考生在复习中抓不住重点，在考试中生搬硬套，考试成绩不甚理想，所以对各大院校的英美文学历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。
分析各大院校的英美文学试题能够使考生对“英美文学”考试有一个全面的了解，更加清楚出题者的思路，从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，使复习具有针对性，使复习的效果更上一层楼。
1．考核要求对于“英美文学”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。
但国内大部分院校在命题时都会把1999年教育部批准实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》作为指导标准，因此，这个大纲仍能反映目前高校对英语专业学生英美文学课程的大体要求。
其要求如下：英美文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。
通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。
授课的内容可包括：（a）文学导论；（b）英国文学概况；（c）美国文学概况；（d）文学批评。
需要注意的是，个别院校英美文学试题涉及的范围与《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》指明的授课内容会略有出入，考生复习时应以报考院校所指定参考书的内容为主要参照依据。
北京大学2023年802中外文学基础考研真题(回忆版)
北京大学2023年802中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）
一、名词解释（5分一题，共30分）
东方主义、民间叙事的三叠式、大谢体、桐城派、平行研究、《人生》
二、简答题（15分一题，共60分）
1、请结合作品和中晚唐诗歌史，说明韩孟诗派的创作特色及对当时诗坛之影响。
2、简析鲁迅杂文的艺术特点。
3、结合具体作家作品，谈谈你对于上世纪九十年代文学的认识。
4、举例说明西方现代派文学的特点。
三、论述题（20分一题，共60分）
1、《沧浪诗话》云：“诗者，吟咏情性也。
盛唐诸人，惟在兴趣……近代诸公乃作奇特解会，遂以文字为诗，以才学为诗，以议论为诗。
夫岂不工，终非古人之诗也。
”请结合具体文学作品阐述之。
2、以具体作品为例，比较茅盾和老舍都市书写的异同。
3、有学者指出，中国古代长篇小说有一种所谓的“聚散大结构”。
请你结合明清小说史对这一观点进行评价。
英美文学北京历年真题
英美文学北京历年真题（00-04）2000年(上)英美文学选读试卷及答案PART ONEⅠ. Multiple Choice1. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?" i s the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s .A. comediesB. tragediesC. sonnetsD. historiesAnswer: C2. "So much the worse for me, that I am strong. Do I want to live? What kind of living will it be when you -oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?"In the above passage quoted from Emily Bronte’s "Wuthering Heights", the word "soul" apparently refers to________.A. HeathcliffB. CatherineC. ghostD. one’s spiritual lifeAnswer: B3. "And where are they? and where art thou,My country? On thy voiceless shoreThe heroic lay is tuneless now-The heroic bosom beats no more!"(George Gordon Byron, Don Juan)In the above stanza, "art thou" literally means .A. "are you"B. "art though"C. "are though"D. "art you"Answer: A4. The major concern of fiction lies in the tracing of the psych ological development of his characters and in his energetic crit icism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrializatio n on human nature.A. Charles Dickens’sB. D. H. Lawrence’sC. Thomas Hardy’sD. John Galsworthy’sAnswer: B5. Daniel Defoe describes as a typical English middle-class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist.A. Tom JonesB. GulliverC. Moll FlandersD. Robinson CrusoeAnswer: D6. "To be so distinguished is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge."The above quoted sentence is presented by Samuel Johnson with a(n)A. delightfulB. jealousC. ironicD. humorousAnswer: C7. "She lived unknown, and few could knowWhen Lucy ceased to be;But she is in her grave, and, oh,The difference to me?"The word "me" in the last line of the above stanza quoted from Wordsworth’s poem "She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Way s" may possibly refer to .A. the poetB. the readerC. her loverD. everybodyAnswer: C8. is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.A. Bitter satireB. Elegant styleC. Casual narrationD. Complicated sentence structureAnswer: A9. The statement "It reveals the dehumanizing workhouse syst em and the dark, criminal underworld life" may well sum up th e main theme of Dickens’s .A. David CopperfieldB. Bleak HouseC. Great ExpectationsD. Oliver TwistAnswer: D10. "Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? ... And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it a s hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. "The above quoted passage is most probable taken from .A. Pride and PrejudiceB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Great ExpectationsAnswer: B11. It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important and m ature poems are in the form of .A. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnetAnswer: A12. G. B. Shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a realistic exposure of the in the English society.A. slum landlordismB. inequality between men and womenC. political corruptionD. economic exploitation of womenAnswer: D13. In William Blake’s poetry, the father (and any other in wh om he saw the image of the father such as God, priest, and king) was usually a figure of .A. benevolenceB. admirationC. loveD. tyrannyAnswer: D14. " ’I believe you are made of stone,’ he said, clenching his fingers so hard that he broke the fragile cup ... ’You seem t o forget,’ she said, ’that cup is not!’ "F rom the above pouted passage, we can find the woman’s to ne is very .A. sarcasticB. amusingC. sentimentalD. facetiousAnswer: A15. The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for .A. material wealthB. spiritual salvationC. universal truthD. self-fulfillmentAnswer: B16. Alexander Pope strongly advocated , emphasizing that liter ary works should be judged by rules of order, reason, logic, r estrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. idealismD. neoclassicismAnswer: D17. After reading the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, we may come to know that Mrs. Bennet is a woman of .A. simple character and quick witB. simple character and poor understandingC. intricate character and quick witD. intricate character and poor understandingAnswer: B18. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "comicepic in prose," and the first to give the modern novel its stru cture and style.A. Daniel DefoeB. Samuel RichardsonC. Henry fieldingD. Oliver GoldsmithAnswer: C19. "Not on thy sole but on thy soul, harsh Jew, /Thou mak’st thy knife keen."In the above quotation taken from The Merchant of Venice, S hakespeare employs a(n) .A. oxymoronB. punC. simileD. synecdocheAnswer: B20 In Hardy’s Wes*** novels, there is a apparent touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural li fe.A. humorousB. romanticC. nostalgicD. sarcasticAnswer: C21. "O prince, O chief of many throned powers,That led th’embattled seraphim to warUnder thy conduct, and in dreadful deesFearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual King."In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Pa radise Lost, the phrase "the conduct" refers to conduct.A. Satan’sB. God’sC. Adam’sD. Eve’sAnswer: A22. We can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley’s poe m "Ode to the West Wind" with all the following terms except .A. tamedB. swiftC. proudD. wildAnswer: A23. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled atHarvard, Which was hiled by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."A. "Nature"B. "self-Reliance"C. "Divinity School Address"D. "The American Scholar"Answer: D24. In Hawthorne’s "Young Goodman Brown," a satanic figure leads the credulous protagonist to a witches’ Sabbath in the w oods, There he recognizes many pillars of Salem’s Puritan so ciety as well as his wife, Faith. The story illustrates Hawthorn e’s allego rical theme of human evil or what Melville called the "power of .A. blacknessB. whitenessC. terrorD. hypocrisyAnswer: A25. For Melville, as well as for the reader and , the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the univer se.A. AhabB. IshmaelC. StubbD. StarbuckAnswer: B26. Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-mass" and the as well.A. natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. lifeAnswer: C27. Emily Dickinson’s poem (441) "This is my letter to the Wo r ld" expresses the poet’s about her communication with the ou tside world.A. indifferenceB. joyC. anxietyD. indignationAnswer: C28. Which of the following statements about writers in 1920s i s true?A. Mark Twain published his last and most important novelB. F. Scott Fitzgerald received the Nobel PrizeC. Freudian psychology influenced many modern writersD. Most writers were politically radicalAnswer: C29. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but mor e ironic and more .A. rationalB. humorousC. optimisticD. pessimisticAnswer: D30. Mark Twain’s first novel , written in collaboration with Char les D. Warner and published in 1873, though not an artistic s uccess, gives its name to the America of the post-Civil War p eriod which it attempts to satirize.A. The Gilded AgeB. The Age of InnocenceC. The Roughing TimeD. The Jazz AgeAnswer: A31. Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire includes three novels. They areThe Financier, The Titan and .A. The GeniusB. The TycoonC. The StoicD. The GiantAnswer: C32. Daisy Miller’s tragedy of indiscretion is intensified and enla rged by its narration from the point of view of .A. the author Henry JamesB. the Italian youth GiovanelliC. the American youth WinterbourneD. her mother Mrs. MillerAnswer: C33. The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the America n thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French li terature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet anoth er school of realism: American .A. local colorismB. vernacularismC. modernismD. naturalismAnswer: D34. It is on his that Washington Irving’s fame mainly rested.A. childhood recollectionsB. sketches about his European toursC. early poetryD. tales about AmericaAnswer: D35. "If honest labor be unremunerative and difficult to endure; if it be the long, long road which never reaches beauty, but w earies the feet and the heart; if the drag to follow beauty be such that one abandons the admired way, taking rather the d espised path leading to her dreams quickly, who shall cast th e first stone?"Where is the underlined phrase taken from?A. The BibleB. MiltonC. ShakespeareD. HawthorneAnswer: A36. Most recognizable literary movement that gave rise to the twentieth-century American literature, or we may say, the seco nd American Renaissance, is the movement.A. transcendentalB. leftistC. expatriateD. expressionisticAnswer: C37. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms -the sonnet, rhyming couplets, blank verse -with a clear American local sp eech rhythm, the speech of farmers with its idiosyncratic dictio n and syntax.A. SouthernB. WesternC. New HampshireD. New EnglandAnswer: D38. As an autobiographical play, O’Neill’s (1956) has gained it s status as a world classic and simultaneously marks the clim ax of his literary career and the coming of age of American d rama.A. The Iceman ComethB. Long Day’s Journey Into NightC. The Hairy ApeD. Desire Under the ElmsAnswer: B39. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include , symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.A. impressionismB. expressionismC. multiple points of viewD. first person point of viewAnswer: C40. Stylistically, Henry James’ fiction is characterized by .A. short, clear sentencesB. abundance of local imagesC. ordinary American speechD. highly refined languageAnswer: DPART TWOII Reading Comprehension41. Read the quotation carefully and then answer the question s:The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea,The plowman home ward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me.Questions:A. Scan the first line of the stanzaB. Find the irregular foot in the second lineC. Briefly explain the significance of this irregularity Answers:A. Iambic pentameter with the rhyming scheme of abab.B. The third foot contains two accented Syllables.C. Tow accented syllables slow down the pace in keeping with the literary meaning of the phrase "wind slowly".42. The following is a passage taken from a dramatic work: Had I as many souls as there be starsI’d give them all for Mephistophilis!By him I’ll be great emperor of the world,And make a bridge thorough the moving airTo pass the ocean with a band of men;I’ll join the hills that bind the Afric shoreAnd make that country continent to Spain,And both contributory to my crown;The emperor shall not live but by my leave,Nor any potentate of Germany.Now that I have obtained what I desireI’ll live in speculation of this artTill Mephistophilis return again.Questions:A. Name the playwright and the title of the work from which t he passage is taken.B. Name the speaker of the passage quoted above.C. Use the above passage as a guide and write down in one or two sentences the theme of the play.Answers:A. Dr. Faustus, a play by Christopher Marlowe.B. Dr. Fausturs.C. Man’s aspiration, bounding achievements, and the inevitable failure.43. Read the following passage and then answer the question s:... I glanced back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby’s house, making the night fine as before, and surviving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sud den emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of th e host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gest ure of farewell.Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the novel from which thi s passage is taken.B. The passage describes the end of an event. What is it?C. What implied meaning can you get from reading this passa ge?Answers:A. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.B. It is a description of the end of a big party.C. The passage hints at the meaninglessness, spiritual emptin ess and vanity of such a life of pleasure-seeking. There is a t ragic sense that the "party" will be over.44. Read the following part of a poem and then answer the q uestions:My tongue, every atom of m y blood, form’d from this soil, this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and t heir parent the same,I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,Hoping to cease not till death.Questions:A. Identify the poet and the title of the poem.B. What do "soil" and "air" represent in the first line?C. What does the poet try to say in the above four lines? Answers:A. Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself"B. America, his country, his native land.C. I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now o n devote my whole life to the country.III Questions and Answers45. The following quotation is the ending of a poem by Rober t Browning:Nay, we’ll goTogether down, sir, Notice Neptune, though,Taming a sea horse, though a rarity,Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me.What is the title of the poem? Who is the speaker? What is t he importance of the allusion "Neptune.../Taming a sea horse" in the whole Poem?Answers:A. "My Last Duchess".B. The Duke, or the husband of the Duchess.C. Placed at the end of the poem, the allusion serves as the conclusion that tells the reader-listener that the speaker is a tyrant.46. Novum Organum ("New Instrument"), along with other wor ks, won the author the honour "Father of modern science". W ho is the author? What is the main concern of the work? Wh y the work is so important for the development of modern sci ence?Answers:A. Francis Bacon.B. The work is an argument for the inductive reasoning in pla ce of the Aristotelian deductive reasoning.C. The Aristotelian reasoning only states the fact, not capable of discovery while the inductive reasoning, although starting with a hypothesis and developing with experiments, may lead to the discovery of true knowledge.47. Ezra Pound is one of the pioneers in modern poetry. Wha t is the poetic school of which he is a chief member? What is Pound’s representative work of many years of poetic creation? What is the title of his frequently quoted one-image poem? P ound has translated some literary works from two great ancien t civilizations. One is Greece. What is the other? How do you understand his famous comment "The image itself is the spe ech"?Answers:A. Imagism.B. The Cantos.C. "In a Station of the Metro".D. ChinaE. Pound means that image should not be ornaments only, bu t should be the focus of poetic expression. By emphasizing th e exterior object, Pound hopes to avoid moralizing and achieve clarity and exactness.48. William Faulkner, a Noble Prize winner, has an important position in American literature. Name two of his major novels. Do you know anything about "Yoknapatawpha County?" What is unique of Faulkner’s fiction, historically and geographically? Answers:A. (下列作品中任选两部): Soldiers’ Pay, Sartoris, The Sound a nd the Fury, As I Lay Dying, Light in August, Absalom, Absal om!, The Hamlet, The Town, The Mansion, and Intruder in the Dust.B. Yoknapatawpha County is an imagined place based on Fau lkner’s own hometown, a p lace that he took for the setting of 15 of his 19 novels and many short stories. This many regionin the American South becomes in Faulkner’s fiction an alleg ory or a parable of the Old South.IV. Topic Discussion49. A possible theme of James Joyce’s sho rt story "Araby" is disillusionment. Briefly discuss the symbolism Joyce employs i n presenting this theme.Answers:A. "Short days of winter", "silent" the street of "blind end", "da rk muddy lanes" with "feeble lanterns", "dark dripping gardens", and many others foretell the inevitable failure of the boy’s att empt to reach his desire.B. Mangan’s sister, for whom the boy had tender feelings, sy mbolizes hope/aspiration, but she was symbolically confine ("h ave a retreat in her convent").C. The journey to the bazaar is a quest for the fulfillment of t he aspiration, but the journey was "intolerably" delayed, and w hen the boy got to the bazaar, half of it was already dark. W hat’s more, the young lady at the door of a stall was "not enc ouraging", and spoke to the boy "out of sense of duty". When the upper part of the hall was completely dark, the boy’s disi llusionment was announced. And thus, "gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanit y; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger".50. What makes Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn more than a child’s adventure story? Briefly discuss the question from THREE of the following aspects: the setting, th e language, the character(s), the theme and the style. Answers:A. Setting: In the novel Mark Twain recreates a small-town wo rld of America and presents the local color.B. Language: He uses simple, direct language faithful to the c olloquial speech, the vernacular language of the local people.C. Character(s): The author recreates two rebels and fugitives running away from civilization, especially Huckleberry Finn, an innocent boy who refuses to accept the conventional village morality.D. Themes: The novel is a criticism of social injustice, hypocri sy, conservativeness and narrow-mindedness of the American small town society.E. Style: The novel employs a humorous style of narration an d is also highly symbolic with the raft as the central symbol.。
(NEW)北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础历年考研真题汇编
目 录2011年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）2015年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）2017年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）2011年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）一、分析《旧约·约伯记》中约伯的形象。
（20分）二、李白的《玉阶怨》和庞德的译作，要求进行分析和比较。
（20分）三、试分析《古诗十九首》中的生命意识。
（30分）四、谈谈异域书写在徐志摩作品中的意蕴。
（30分）五、结合具体作品分析中外家族小说中的代际关系。
（50分）2015年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）一、选择题（50分）说明：本部分题目缺失。
二、名词解释（6*5分=30分）1．盛唐气象2．陌生化3．今天诗群4．左联5．十四行诗6．题目缺失二、简答题（4*8分=32分）1．杜甫的诗为什么被称为“诗史”？2．论述文学与现实的关系。
3．谈谈T.S.艾略特对中国现代诗歌的影响。
4．分析《伊利亚特》中的英雄。
三、论述题（共38分）1．试比较分析明代以《西游记》为主的神魔小说与唐代（含）之前的文言小说的联系。
（20分）2．论述80年代“先锋小说”的文学变革。
（18分）2017年北京大学中国语言文学系中外文学基础考研真题（回忆版）一、名词解释（6×5分）1．民间四大传说故事2．《人间词话》3．母题4．形象思维5．敦煌变文6．不可靠的叙事者二、简答（4×15分）1．谈谈卡夫卡《变形记》的叙事艺术。
2．鲁迅说《儒林外史》“虽云长篇，颇同短制”，你是否认同？请结合文本回答。
3．简述艾略特对20世纪30年代现代诗人的影响。
4．你认为文学的意义取决于什么？说说你的看法。
三、论述（2×30分）1．论韩孟诗派诗歌史背景及艺术特色。
2．结合具体作品（至少两篇）谈谈你对“赵树理方向”的理解。
平台简介及版权声明圣才电子书平台是一家人人可参与制作、发布、分享并销售电子书（图文、视频、直播）的知识变现平台。
北京大学(北大)翻硕硕士英语考研真题、难度解析(精)
北京大学英语笔译 MTI 考研信息整理北京大学英语笔译考研参考书、招生人数、历年分数线、报录比、复试信息1.招生人数2015年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15~20人;实际招生人数为:18人(2人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 2016年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15人;实际招生人数为:18人(1人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 学制:两年北大翻硕学费:2016年:5万/两年;2015年:8万/两年;前几年北大翻硕的学费都比较高,16年进行了调整,降至 5万。
2.初试考试科目:1、101思想政治理论(100分2、211翻译硕士英语(100分3、357英语翻译基础(150分4、448汉语写作与百科知识(150分★★★育明宋老师解析:北大英语 MTI 只有笔译一个方向,初试除了思想政治理论是全国统一试卷, 剩下的三门专业课, 都是北大自主出题, 出题的整体方向都偏文学性, 特别指出的是, 北大英语 MTI 和日语的 MTI 的专业课汉语写作与百科知识,考的是同一张试卷,分为基础知识(100分和专业知识(50分两部分,满分 150分.北大考研(翻译技巧——形容词的翻译形容词与比较级形容词的第三大难点即形容词比较级的翻译,说到这里,很多小伙伴不以为然,不就是“比…更…” 吗,但是,你要相信考试的时候是不会出“this stick is longer than that one”这类弱智句子的, 下面我们一起来缕缕这些时常困扰着我们的比较级~1, “比较级+than”结构,这类句式比较常见,在翻译时,要先翻译 than 后面的内容,如:①Marseilles has proved to be a better racial melting pot than Lyons.事实证明,与里昂相比,马赛是一个更好的种族大熔炉。
②She’s much happier performing live than in a recording studio.与在录音棚里录音相比,她更喜欢现场表演。
北京大学英语语言文学考点讲解及分析
北京大学英语语言文学考点讲解及分析笔者文学卷考了120多分，这在北大英语语言文学专业知识这张试卷子上，任何一年都是数一数二的。
而2014年专业能力压分严重，所以在文学这张卷子上得到一个好的分数，更是尤为重要。
以下为原文，需复习的重点作家和时期我依照真题有所修改，也增加了一些解释，突出了重点：对于这门专业课，招生简章上给出的复习建议是：“考生应当熟悉英国文艺复兴以来的诗歌和18世纪以来的主要小说，以及19世纪以来美国的小说和诗歌。
”至于文学作品的背景知识，简章上推荐的是Cambridge Companion系列(不过这个系列只用读相关作家/时期的部分论文)。
最后又说，参考用书为Norton Anthology ofEnglish/American/Western Literature，同时说，这仅是一个框架性的书目，并非硕士考试的出题范围。
注意，虽这么说，但这套推荐用书可不是忽悠您了!其中英国、美国两卷无比重要，大量必读选篇。
Norton(打不出中文，论坛不让发)也是PKU英美文学专业课复习的根本，是重中之重。
一套Norton Anthology of English Literature，去掉目录和附录什么的，大概就已经5000多页了，在加上美国和西方文学，总共接近15000页，摞起来和我家的猫一般长了。
不要说三个月，慢慢看都可以看三年。
另外还有一个问题，使用过Norton的童鞋应该会注意到，Norton是以韵文为主，散文(prose)部分多为essay，而少选小说(fiction)。
究其原因，其实英国选集的主编Abrams在序里写的很清楚，他说：The novel is,of course,a stumbling block for an anthology.许多伟大的小说作品，其伟大之处[o]ften depends upon amplitude or upon the slow development of character or upon the onrushing urgency of the story.所以与其将小说肢解，读一个片段，还不如索性不选。
北师大外国文学考研题库
北师大外国文学考研题库
北师大外国文学考研题库涵盖了广泛的外国文学作品、文学理论、文
学流派以及文学批评方法等内容。
以下是一些可能包含在题库中的问
题类型和示例题目：
1. 文学作品理解题：
- 请简述《安娜·卡列尼娜》中安娜的悲剧命运及其对当时社会的
影响。
2. 文学理论分析题：
- 结合现代主义文学理论，分析《荒原》中的意象和象征手法。
3. 文学流派辨析题：
- 描述现实主义与自然主义在文学创作上的不同特点，并举例说明。
4. 作家作品比较题：
- 比较海明威和福克纳在描写战争主题时的写作风格和技巧。
5. 文学批评方法应用题：
- 使用女性主义批评方法分析《简·爱》中的女性形象。
6. 文学作品的文化背景题：
- 探讨《百年孤独》中拉丁美洲文化对作品主题和叙事结构的影响。
7. 文学翻译与接受题：
- 分析《红楼梦》在不同文化背景下的翻译策略及其对作品接受的
影响。
8. 跨文化文学交流题：
- 讨论东西方文学交流中的相互影响，以《西游记》在西方的接受为例。
9. 文学与社会关系题：
- 论述19世纪英国工业革命对文学作品主题和形式的影响。
10. 文学创作技巧题：
- 分析《了不起的盖茨比》中的象征主义手法及其对主题的深化作用。
结尾：
北师大外国文学考研题库的目的是帮助考生深入理解外国文学的多样性和复杂性，培养批判性思维和分析能力。
通过这些题目的练习，考生可以更好地准备考研，同时也能够提升自己的文学素养和学术研究能力。
希望每位考生都能够在考研的道路上取得优异的成绩。
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【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.北京大学英美文学考研真题精讲1.英译汉，考的主题大概是一个国家的衰落如何首先在文学及语言的衰落显现出来，语言不算难，偶有生词，比如你要知道Tacitus怎么翻译，divagation是什么意思等。
其他不难。
2.汉译英，考得是一篇比较西方哲学辩证法和中国古典哲学辩证法的区别的一片文章，语言不难，只要知道辩证法、二元论、词源学等专业术语怎么说就行了。
3.句子改写和写作，改写题，就是把拗口的难句改写成简单句，文章经后来考证，是出自联邦党人文集，文字有些难度，好多人没看懂，其实讲的就是hereditary monarchism，democracy以及representative republic各自的优劣，看明白这个结构和层次，改写很容易，后面的作文也是建立在理解文章的基础上，以问题的形式提出，文章看不懂，作文是没法写的。
The founders of our republics have so much merit for the wisdom which they have displayed,that no task can be less pleasing than that of pointing out the errors into which they have fallen.A respect for truth,however,obliges us to remark,that they seem never for a moment to have turned their eyes from the danger to liberty from the overgrown and all-grasping prerogative of an hereditary magistrate,supported and fortified by an hereditary branch of the legislative authority.They seem never to have recollected the danger from legislative usurpations,which,by assembling all power in the same hands, must lead to the same tyranny as is threatened by executive usurpations.In a government where numerous and extensive prerogatives are placed in the hands of an hereditary monarch,the executive department is very justly regarded as the source of danger,and watched with all the jealousy which a zeal for liberty ought to inspire.In a democracy, where a multitude of people exercise in person the legislative functions,and are continually exposed,by their incapacity for regular deliberation and concerted measures, to the ambitious intrigues of their executive magistrates,tyranny may well be apprehended, on some favorable emergency,to start up in the same quarter.But in a representative republic,where the executive magistracy is carefully limited;both in the extent and theduration of its power;and where the legislative power is exercised by an assembly,which is inspired,by a supposed influence over the people,with an intrepid confidence in its own strength;which is sufficiently numerous to feel all the passions which actuate a multitude, yet not so numerous as to be incapable of pursuing the objects of its passions,by means which reason prescribes;it is against the enterprising ambition of this department that the people ought to indulge all their jealousy and exhaust all their precautions.专业知识部分：1.英国文学试题，二选一：a.discuss the difference between Richardson and Fielding,and how each in their own way contributes to the development of english novel.b.ilustrate by specific textual examples how Milton in Paradise Lost applied the Bible.2.英国文学试题，二选一：a.Victorian age is one of complexities and paradoxes...discuss in detail two vicotrian novels how,by their characterization,plot,etc.,reflect the victorian society.b.引述了Elizabeth Browning的一段诗，然后问这句诗体现了什么"problem"，细节记不清楚了。
3.美国文学部分：三选二：a.elaborate and discuss how,both in prose and poetry,imagery was applied in Puritan writings.b.关于southern dialect的题目，细节不记得了。
c.考了一首十四行诗，要求对其进行close textual analysis，描述to which aspect of the poem do you most strongly respond to，以及从多方面对诗歌进行分析。
后经考证，是Edna St. Vincent Millay所写。
Hearing your words,and not a word among themby Edna St.Vincent MillayHearing your words,and not a word among themTuned to my liking,on a salty dayWhen inland woods were pushed by winds that flung themHissing to leeward like a ton of spray,I thought how off Matinicus the tideCame pounding in,came running through the Gut,While from the Rock the warning whistle cried,And children whimpered,and the doors blew shut;There in the autumn when the men go forth,With slapping skirts the island women standIn gardens stripped and scattered,peering north,With dahlia tubers dripping from the hand:The wind of their endurance,driving south,Flattened your words against your speaking mouth.专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧，虽然每个考生的专业不同，但是在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。
以下就是针对考研专业课的一些十分重要的复习方法和技巧。
一、专业课考试的方法论对于报考本专业的考生来说，由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基础和知识储备，相对会比较容易进入状态。
但是，这类考生最容易产生轻敌的心理，因此也需要对该学科能有一个清楚的认识，做到知己知彼。
跨专业考研或者对考研所考科目较为陌生的同学，则应该快速建立起对这一学科的认知构架，第一轮下来能够把握该学科的宏观层面与整体构成，这对接下来具体而丰富地掌握各个部分、各个层面的知识具有全局和方向性的意义。
做到这一点的好处是节约时间，尽快进入一个陌生领域并找到状态。
很多初入陌生学科的同学会经常把注意力放在细枝末节上，往往是浪费了很多时间还未找到该学科的核心，同时缺乏对该学科的整体认识。
其实考研不一定要天天都埋头苦干或者从早到晚一直看书，关键的是复习效率。
要在持之以恒的基础上有张有弛。
具体复习时间则因人而异。
一般来说，考生应该做到平均一周有一天的放松时间。
四门课中，专业课（数学也属于专业课）占了300分，是考生考入名校的关键，这300分最能拉开层次。
例如，专业课考试中，分值最低的一道名词解释一般也有4分或者更多，而其他专业课大题更是动辄十几分，甚至几十分，所以在时间分配上自然也应该适当地向专业课倾斜。