机电一体化专业英语 Unit 5
新机电英语 Unit5课文讲解
新机电英语
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9.设计师 designers 10.简洁线条 simple lines 11.无法广泛使用 was not widely available. 12.麻省理工学院 MIT 13.拓展 expanded 14.由于电脑普及 due to computers’ availability 15.互动 interact with 16.互动 monitor显示器
新机电英语
课文讲解Unit 5
In 1950, Dr. Paul J. Hanratty invented a numerically controlled program数控程序 that allowed designers设计师 to draw simple lines简洁线条 with a computer. At the time, computers were the size of a room, so this type of program was not widely available无法广泛使用.
新机电英语
课文讲解Unit 5
The development of CAD software for personal desk-top computers个人台式电 脑 was the impetus动力 for almost universal application in many areas 许多 领域广泛运用. Initially首先, with 2D二维软 件 in the 1970, it was typically limited to producing drawings similar to类似于 hand-drafted drawings手工绘图. Advances进步 in programming编程 and computer hardware硬件 ,
新机电英语 课文译文Unit5
Unit 5 课文译文Reference1计算机辅助设计计算机辅助设计缩写成CAD。
很久以来都是用手工绘图。
这个过程耗时乏味，一个小错误或设计变化就会将绘图员送回到画板。
1950年Paul J. Hanratty博士发明了设计师可以用电脑画简洁线条的数控程序。
当时电脑与房间一样大小，所以这种程序无法广泛使用。
到1957年，麻省理工学院的研究员进一步拓展Hanratty的成果从而创建了Pronto程序。
由于早期电脑价格昂贵并且机械工程的特殊需求，大型航天航空公司和汽车公司是CAD软件的早期商业用户。
随着计算机越来越便宜，（CAD）应用范围逐渐扩大。
个人台式电脑使用CAD软件的发展将成为在许多领域通用的动力。
首先，20世纪70年代用二维CAD软件限于创建类似于手工绘制的图纸。
随着编程技术和计算机硬件的进步，80年代，三维造型使得计算机在设计中更为通用。
优点：计算机对设计工艺的最大贡献是创建软成型，即创建基于计算机测试的三维计算机模型的设计工艺。
制造软成型比实体模型快捷、经济且更强的功能；这是因为通常制模车间的模型与最终产品制造时使用的工艺和材料截然不同。
总结CAD帮助各个行业的工程师和设计员设计、制造有形产品，从建筑物，大桥，公路，飞机，船只，和汽车到数码相机，手机，电视，服装以及计算机。
因为速度快、操作简单、误差少，它将慢慢代替手工绘图。
原来需10天完成的图纸现用计算机只需10分钟。
计算机辅助设计的未来取决于对不同程序的功能的需求。
Reference2计算机辅助制造自从工业革命，加工制造工艺经历许多引人注目的变化。
计算机的应用对该产业运作的变革起了巨大作用。
最显著的变化之一是计算机辅助制造（CAM）的引入，即使用计算机技术辅助加工制造的系统。
计算机辅助制造通常与计算机辅助设计结合。
CAD与CAM集成系统是软件，它能用CAD软件创建的3D模型转换为数控编程语言用来创建计算机数控（CNC）编码(即以G码编写的驱动数控机床的基本操作指令), 再直接将G码输入加工制造系统；然后此设计转换成多种计算机控制的工艺，如钻孔或车削。
机电一体化专业英语
机电一体化专业英语English Answer:Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, computer, and software engineering to design, build, and operate systems. It has become increasingly important in modern engineering due to the growing demand for automated and intelligent systems.中文回答：机电一体化是一门综合了机械、电气、计算机和软件工程的交叉学科，用于设计、建造和操作系统。
随着对自动化和智能系统需求的不断增长，它在现代工程中变得越来越重要。
Components of Mechatronics.The core components of mechatronics include:Sensors: Collect data from the physical world.Actuators: Convert electrical signals into physical movement.Controllers: Process sensor data and generate control signals.Software: Designs and implements control algorithms.Applications of Mechatronics.Mechatronics has a wide range of applications, including:Industrial automation: Assembly lines, robotic welding, and automated material handling.Automotive systems: Engine control, brake systems, and advanced driver assistance systems.Aerospace engineering: Flight control systems, navigation systems, and life support systems.Medical engineering: Surgical robots, diagnostic instruments, and prosthetics.Benefits of Mechatronics.Mechatronics offers several benefits over traditional engineering approaches:Increased productivity: Automated systems can work faster and more accurately than humans.Improved quality: Automated systems can produce products with consistent quality.Reduced costs: Automated systems can eliminate the need for manual labor and reduce maintenance costs.Enhanced flexibility: Mechatronic systems can be easily reconfigured to adapt to changing requirements.Challenges in Mechatronics.Despite its advantages, mechatronics also faces some challenges:Complexity: Mechatronic systems can be highly complex, making design and implementation difficult.Cross-disciplinary nature: Mechatronics engineers must have knowledge in multiple engineering disciplines.Integration: Integrating different components from different disciplines can be challenging.Career Prospects in Mechatronics.The demand for mechatronics engineers is expected to continue to grow in the coming years. Mechatronics engineers can work in a variety of industries, including automotive, manufacturing, aerospace, and medical engineering.中文回答：机电一体化的组成部分。
机电专业英语U5 Listening
machined bedways (床身导轨), as well as our 7_p_a_t_e_n_te_d_
locking mechanism are all standard features of this
Mariah: Well, different from other products, the 1236SD Lathe is designed to enable the user to take a 3____s_it_ti_ng_____ position when they operate it.
√C. At random. D. Every day.
4. When is the Final Inspection usually carried out?
√A. Before the lathes are ready for packaging.
B. After the lathes are transported to the customers. C. Before the lathes are installed for a testing. D. When the material and the parts from the suppliers arrive.
Task 4 Diana, a new assistant in Quality Inspection Department
is asking Michael about First Piece Inspection. Listen to the conversation and answer the following questions.
机电英语(教育部07版)Unit 5 Printing equipment
经常性维修保养计划涉及4个方面：润滑、检验、清洗和零件调试及修理。
Paragraph 3
In regard to preventive maintenance , the primary lubrication-related concerns are types of the lubricants , lubrication devices or systems to use , general effectiveness of the lubrication program , lubrication schedules , and personnel to perform lubrication .
然而，在印刷业中，任何零部件几乎都无法预定其寿命期限，因此， 检验计划有助于确定更换零部件的时间。
Paragraph 6
Part replacement will decrease if machine adjustment are checked on a regular basis .
加入机器调试精度得以定期检查的话，那么零件的更换也会减少。
只有印刷质量得以保证并且机器有效使用期得以延长，经常性 维修保养计划才是行之有效的。
谢谢倾听！
See you next time!
Paragraph 6
Regular inspection of machine adjustment ensures consistent endproduct printing quality as well as cost saving in that wear factors will be decreased.
要使印刷品的质量达到要求，部件调试及修理就必须定期进行。
机电一体化专业英语 Unit 5
Mark the following statements with T (True) or F (False) according to the passage.
1. CNC stands for Control Numerical Computer and has been around since the late1970’s.
Automatic tool changer
Most machining centers can hold many tools in a tool magazine. When required, the required tool can be automatically placed in the spindle for machining
Programmable Accessories
A CNC machine wouldn't be very helpful if all it could only move the work-piece in two or more axes. Almost all CNC machines are programmable in several other ways. The specific CNC machine type has a lot to do with its appropriate programmable accessories. Here are some examples for one machine type.
The CNC Program
A CNC program is nothing more than another kind of instruction set. It's written in sentence-like format and the control will execute it in sequential order, step by step. A special series of CNC words are used to communicate what the machine is intended to do. CNC words begin with letter addresses (like F for feed-rate, S for spindle speed, and X, Y & Z for axis motion). When placed together in a logical method, a group of CNC words make up a command that resemble a sentence. For any given CNC machine type, there will only be about 4050 words used on a regular basis. So if you compare learning to write CNC programs to learning a foreign language having only 50 words, it shouldn't seem overly difficult to learn CNC programming.
机电一体化专业英语
Closed-loop: Motor-return is connected directly to the pump-inlet. To keep up pressure on the low pressure side, the circuits have a charge pump that supplies cooled and filtered oil to the low pressure side. Closed-loop circuits are generally used for hydrostatic transmissions in mobile applications.
Байду номын сангаасydraulic pump
Hydraulic pumps supply fluid to the components in the system. Pressure in the system develops in reaction to (以应
对)(反应, 影响,反对,对抗, 起化学反应,对食物不良 反应,过敏 )the load. Hence, a pump rated
Advantages: No directional valve (换向 阀)and better response(反应), the circuit can work with higher pressure. The pump swivel (旋转,转动 )angle covers both positive and negative flow direction. Disadvantages: The pump cannot be utilized for any other hydraulic function in an easy way and cooling can be a problem due to (由于)limited exchange of oil flow.
机电专业英语 Five Safety Labels
burnt [bəːnt] adj. 烧伤的 destroyed or badly damaged by fire environment [in'vairənmənt] n. 环境；周围状况 conditions, circumstances, etc.affecting people’s lives booklet ['bʊklət] n. 小册子 a small book, usually with a paper cover make sure 弄清楚；讲得通； 言之有理 do a good job 做得好；工作干得好
The items listed below consist of those matters that are to be observed at all times to prevent in advance injury to the operator and surrounding persons as well as damage to the machine itself. After careful reading,confirm the nameplates affixed to the components of the machine along with the safety items described in the operation manual.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (Please Observe at All Times)
During the operation of this machine, it is extremely important to have a understanding of this functions and performance of the machine in terms of making effective use of this operation manual. This is the basis for safe, accident-free and injury-free operation.
机电一体化 英文
Mechatronics——机电一体化1 A blend of mechanics and electronics, mechatronics has come to mean the synergistic use of precision engineering, control theory, computer science, and sensor and actuator technology to design improved products and processes.2 The standard clothes dryer is typically controlled by a mechanical timer. The user adjusts the timer according to the size and dampness of the load. If the timing device is not set properly, the drying cycle may be too short and the laundry may come out wet, or the machine could run long and waste energy.3 A clothes dryer, however, might be fitted with a sensor-based feedback system that lets the machine measure the moisture content of the fabrics or the exhaust air, and turn itself off when the load is dry. Operating performance is enhanced and energy use is lowered as a result. The redesigned dryer might even be cheaper to buy, depending mainly on the cost of the components that comprise the electromechanical control system.4 The computer disk drive, such as Cheetah from Seagate Technology, is one of the best examples of mechatronic design because it exhibits quick response, precision, and robustness.5 Many U.S.-trained design engineers would say that the improved dryer is the result ofup-to-date but conventional design practices. A reliable yet relatively inaccurate mechanical device was replaced by a "smarter" electronic control. In much of the rest of the world, however, design engineers would say that the dryer redesign followed the principles of mechatronics.6 Mechatronics is nothing new; it is simply the application of the latest techniques in precision mechanical engineering, controls theory, computer science, and electronics to the design process to create more functional and adaptable products. This, of course, is something many forward-thinking designers and engineers have been doing for years.7 The vaguely awkward word was first coined in Japan some 30 years ago. Since then, mechatronics has come to denote a synergistic blend of mechanics and electronics. The word's meaning is somewhat broader than the traditional term electromechanics, which to many connotes the use of electrostatic or electromagnetic devices. It is also an amorphous, heterogeneous, and continually evolving concept with 1,001 definitions, many of which are so broad or so narrow to be of seemingly marginal use.8 Mechatronics is more than semantics, however. It's a significant design trend that has a marked influence on the product-development process, international competition in manufactured goods, the nature of mechanical engineering education in coming years, and quite probably the success mechanical engineers will have in becoming team leaders or engineering managers.Defining Mechatronics9 For Takashi Yamaguchi, who works at Hitachi Ltd.'s Mechanical Engineering Laboratory in Ibaraki, Japan, mechatronics is "a methodology for designing products that exhibit fast, precise per网formance. These characteristics can be achieved by considering not only the mechanical design but also the use of servo controls, sensors, and electronics." He added that it is also very important to make the design robust. Computer disk drives, for example, are a prime example of the successful application of mechatronics: "Disk drives are required to provide very fast access, precise positioning, as well as robustness against various disturbances," he said.10 For Giorgio Rizzoni, associate professor of mechanical engineering at Ohio State University in Columbus, mechatronics is "the confluence of traditional design methods with sensors and instrumentation technology, drive and actuator technology, embedded real-time microprocessor systems, and real-time software." Mechatronic (electromechanical) products, he said, exhibit certain distinguishing features, including the replacement of many mechanical functions with electronic ones, which results in much greater flexibility and easy redesign or reprogramming; the ability to implement distributed control in complex systems; and the ability to conduct automated data collection and reporting. The diagram at left illustrates that mechatronics is where mechanics, electronics, computers, and controls intersect11 "Mechatronics is really nothing but good design practice," said Masayoshi Tomizuka, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. "The basic idea is to apply new controls to extract new levels of performance from a mechanical device." It means using modern, cost-effective technology to improve product and process performance and flexibility. In many cases, the application of computer and controls technology yields a design solution that is more elegant than the purely mechanical approach. By having a good idea of what can be done using other than mechanical means, design freedom increases and results improve, according to Tomizuka, who is also editor-in-chief of the quarterly IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics jointly published by the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers and ASME.12 The journal, first published in March 1996, is another indication that the importance of this interdisciplinary area is being recognized. Transactions covers a range of related technical areas, including modeling and design, system integration, actuators and sensors, intelligent control, robotics, manufacturing, motion control, vibration and noise control, microdevices and optoelectronic systems, and automotive systems.The Roots of Mechatronics13 Mechatronics was first used in terms of the computer control of electric motors by an engineer at Japan's Yaskawa Electric Co. in the late 1960s. The word has remained popular in Japan, and has been in general use in Europe for many years. Although mechatronics has been slow to gain industrial and academic acceptance as a field of study and practice in Great Britain and the United States, its increasingly prominent place worldwide is shown by the growing number of undergraduate and postgraduate mechatronics courses now being offered.14 Many engineers would contend that mechatronics grew out of robotics. Early robotic arms, then unable to coordinate their movements and without sensory feedback, benefited greatly from advances in kinematics, dynamics, controls, sensor technology, and high-level programming. The same battery of modern technologies that made robots more flexible and thus more useful was then brought to bear on the design of new generations of high-performance, adaptable machinery of all kinds.15 In the 1970s, mechatronics was concerned mostly with servo technology used in products such as automatic door openers, vending machines, and autofocus cameras. Simple in implementation, the approach encompassed the early use of advanced control methods, according to Transactions editors.16 In the 1980s, as information technology was introduced, engineers began to embed microprocessors in mechanical systems to improve their performance. Numerically controlled machines and robots became more compact, while automotive applications such as electronic engine controls and antilock-braking systems became widespread.17 By the 1990s, communications technology was added to the mix, yielding products that could be connected in large networks. This development made functions such as the remote operation of robotic manipulator arms possible. At the same time, new, smaller--even microscale--sensor and actuator technologies are being used increasingly in new products.Microelectromechanical systems, such as the tiny silicon accelerometers that trigger automotive air bags, are examples of the latter use.18 As significant as these developments may seem, a good deal of skepticism remains about the idea of codifying them in an engineering field called mechatronics. "It's certainly a catchy word," said controls expert Ernest O. Doebelin, professor emeritus at Ohio State and an ASME Fellow, "but it's an evolutionary, rather than revolutionary, development. Now that computers are small and relatively cheap, it just makes sense for designers to build them into products. Mechatronics is really the familiarity with all the other technologies--computers, software, advanced controls, sensors, actuators, and so forth--that make the advanced products possible."19 Similar sentiments were expressed by Davor Hrovat, senior staff technical specialist at the Ford Research Laboratory in Dearborn, Mich.: "The word singles out an area that perhaps is not a single area. Mechatronics is mixture of technologies and techniques that together help in designing better products."20 However mechatronics is defined, it means "we now have viable technology for computer control of mechanical systems at all levels, from toasters to autos," said David M. Auslander, professor of mechanical engineering at Berkeley. "Today we have mechanical systems for which performanceis defined by what's in a computer, whether it's software algorithms, neural networks, or fuzzy logic. That alone makes it different from anything you could do 25 years ago."21 Auslander takes a very generalized view of the topic. "Any system in which you control or modulate power is a candidate for computer control. For any mechanical component you can ask the question: What is its purpose? Does it transmit power? Or is its purpose control and coordination? Computers, software, and electronics can generally do this second function more efficiently--simpler, cheaper, with much more flexibility." This approach, he emphasized, constitutes a totally different view of how mechanical systems work compared with previous conceptions. "This is a machine viewed from the controls outward.22 Following mechatronic principles, General Electric's Profile Super 32 clothes washer features a sensor-based feedback control that maintains correct water temperature no matter the load size "23 Consider the standard multicolor printing press this magazine used to be printed on," Auslander added. "Until recently, web presses had line-shaft controls in which a long shaft coordinates operations from station to station. Now it's done all by computer control, which makes it much easier to change the machine over to a new setup."24 The view of Belgian robotics researcher Hendrik M. J. Van Brussel, published in Transactions (June 1996), follows a similar fundamental theme but with a different emphasis. "In the past, machine and product design has, almost exclusively, been the preoccupation of mechanical engineers," he wrote. Solutions to control and programming problems were added by control and software engineers, after the machine had been designed by mechanical engineers.25 This sequential-engineering approach usually resulted in suboptimal designs. "Recently, machine design has been profoundly influenced by the evolution of microelectronics, control engineering, and computer science," Van Brussel wrote. "What is needed, as a solid basis for designing high-performance machines, is a synergistic cross-fertilization between the different engineering disciplines. This is exactly what mechatronics is aiming at; it is aconcurrent-engineering view of machine design." He then offered his working definition of the term: "Mechatronics encompasses the knowledge base and the technologies required for the flexible generation of controlled motion."26 An essential feature in the behavior of a machine, Van Brussel continued, is the occurrence of controlled and/or coordinated motion of one or more machine elements. "The generation and coordination of the required motions, such that the increasingly growing performance and accuracy requirements are satisfied, is the raison d'etre of mechatronics."27 Van Brussel pointed out that traditional mechanisms are limited in their flexibility in generating a wide variety of motions. Also restricted is their potential for creating complex functional relationships between the motion of the actuator and that of the driven element. Yet another limitation of purely mechanical drive systems is their inherent lack of accuracy, caused by friction, backlash, wind-up errors, resonances, dimensional errors, and so forth.28 "These restrictions can be alleviated by eliminating or simplifying the 'forced-motion' mechanism between actuator and driven elements," he wrote. Instead, each driven element is provided with a drive motor and a position sensor. A motion controller generates the required relationships between the motions of the different driven elements. "The motion synchronization function is shifted from the error-prone hardware mechanism to the flexible software controller.By applying the mechatronics approach, a large number of motions can be synchronized, even at long distances away from each other."29 Under external forces, a range of secondary effects such as vibration and noise can adversely affect the functional behavior of machine elements and instruments, according to Van Brussel. Passive damping treatments are available, but they have limited applicability. "The mechatronic approach can provide more effective solutions. Based on the state information about vibration and noise levels, captured by appropriate sensors, the vibrations are counteracted by actuators distributed over the structure. The machine elements become active (smart structures)." The term adaptive structures can be used "when the behavior of the structure can be changed at will, without mechanical modifications."Institutional Implications30 Beyond design theory, Auslander said, "mechatronics is also saying something about industrial structure." In the new paradigm, "the focal point is not traditional machine design, which is what industry and therefore universities are presently geared to teach. In the future, the focal point will be the mechatronics specialist."31 "It's always a bit embarrassing to talk about mechatronics," said Kevin Craig, associate professor of mechanical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N.Y. "As far as engineering practice goes, there really isn't anything new here, except evolutionary advances in computers, sensors, actuators, and the rest. What is new from the educational viewpoint is that we're teaching mechanical engineers how to use electronics, how to program computers to do real-time control, how to do control design, and then to integrate all this into the design process.32 "It's an interdisciplinary approach," he added. "Do the integration right from the beginning; don't just add a control system at the end. Controls used to be left to specialists--mostly electrical engineers. That's not true anymore." Besides teaching a three-day short course on mechatronics as part of an ASME Professional Development program, Craig has also worked on two videotape series on the topic.33 "Mechatronics does not change the design process," Craig said. "It gives the engineer greater knowledge, so the concepts that are developed are better, and communications with other engineering disciplines is improved. The result is a highly balanced design."34 "One thing that is not at all not clear is how all this additional material should be delivered to the student," observed Ed Carryer, consulting associate professor at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif. "Most mechanical engineering curricula are already stuffed to the gunnels," he said. "It's either overload the undergrads or make it the focus of a certificate program at the master's level."35 Few academics expect mechatronics to attain the level of a formally accepted engineering discipline. "Our academic system tends to resist the forming of new disciplines," Auslander said. "For example, controls has been a well-recognized and important discipline since the Second World War. However, there are few control departments in the United States. It's mostly taught in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and some chemical engineering departments. Yet we graduate lots of people who do the controls function." He concluded that mechatronics' place in the academic hierarchy is really an organizational and bureaucratic issue.36 In the short courses he teaches, "besides students you get the occasional professor who wants to learn what the universities are doing in mechatronics, so they can set up their own programs. The rest are practicing mechanical engineers who basically want to know 'What's this mechatronics stuff we keep hearing about?'37 The practicing engineers Craig meets still tend to rely on results of experiments--build and test methods. Surprisingly, "they don't do much modeling or analysis. We're saying that they won't be able do that much longer, because you can't get products to market quickly enough in today's markets. You need to model and predict, build a prototype, then validate your predictions."38 Ford's Hrovat also stressed the need for mechanical engineers to learn advanced modeling and simulation methods. He cited particularly the use of bond graphs--transfer-function block diagrams that denote power flows and information flows--to depict "means shifting," the process of finding alternative means to accomplish a design goal. For example, if there is no suitable electrical means of providing some desired actuation, the designer could go to a pneumatic or hydraulic system--the means to an end are shifted to a substitute technology. "From what I see, the use of bond graphs is definitely the trend," Hovrat said.Career Paths in Mechatronics39 "Mechanical engineers are often at a loss to communicate and understand the issues electrical engineers and the software specialists bring up" at meetings of interdisciplinary product teams, said Carryer. "The idea is to get rid of the uncertainties associated with electronics and computers. We want to develop people who are comfortable making the necessary trade-offs among a wide range of approaches based on the given design constraints."40 "Maybe the mechanical engineer is not going to do the detail work in any specialty," Craig said, "but they could do it, and they certainly could lead a team doing it. That's what we're trying to train mechanical engineers to do."41 With a focus on these kinds of skills, mechatronics is seen as a prime career path for mechanical engineers of the future. "I believe that mechanical engineers with a mechatronics background will have a better chance of becoming managers," said Thomas S. Moore, general manager for liberty and technical affairs at Chrysler Corp. in Madison Heights, Mich. "We see mechatronics as the career of the future for mechanical engineers."42 "Classically trained mechanical engineers will run the risk of being left out of the interesting work" carried on by multidisciplinary product design teams, according to John F. Elter, vice president of strategic programs at Xerox Corp. in Webster, N.Y. "At Xerox, we need designers who understand the control theory well enough to synthesize a better design. These people will have much more of a chance to lead." Elter added that "the mechanical engineers who know some computer science are far more valuable than the computer scientists who know some mechanical engineering. The mechanical engineers have a better feel for the overall system and do a better job of making the crucial trade-offs. One possibility is that the mechatronics practitioner will prototype the whole design, then the specialists in the various disciplines will take over the detail design."。
机电专业英语U5 Speaking
Task 3 Work in pairs. Suppose Lily is a new assistant in Quality Inspection Department. She is asking George about First Piece Inspection. Make a conversation according to the instructions below.
A: : Hello! Is that Michael speaking? B: Speaking, please. A: Michael, this is David, the Production Manager. I’m
calling to inform you of the meeting at 10 am tomorrow. B: What is it for? A: For the preparation of 1236SD Lathe production.
Lily
● Greet. ● Tell him you have
difficulty in understanding the inspection scheme. ● Accept the offer and ask him what “first piece” in the First Piece Inspection means. ● Ask whether First Piece Inspection is important. ● Express thanks.
George
Greet. Ask how Lily spent the weekend. ● Offer help. ● Explain. ● Show Lily the importance of
机电英语Unit 5
2. Do you think product inspection is important to people’s life? Did you ever buy things that are not to standard and how did you deal with them?
Unit 5 Product Inspection
a manufacturing company.
□F 3. Inspection and testing are only performed after
the product is manufactured.
Unit 5 Product Inspection
Reading A
□F 4. The objective of testing is to examine whether a
Unit 5 Product Inspection
Task 1 As a quality inspection engineer, Michael Button may
experience the following situations. Match each situation with its corresponding picture.
Unit 5 Product Inspection
Reading A
Inspection and testing are performed before, during, and after manufacturing to ensure that the quality of the product is able to meet the design standards.
机电英语 Unit 5
Unit 5
Section Ⅰ Speaking and Listening
Unit 5
W: Mr. Hua, please tell me what kind of construction work you can undertake. M: We are able to undertake a great variety of projects. Industrial plants of various natures, for example. W: Well, anything else? M: Besides, we are also experienced in the construction of hotels, theaters, hospitals, schools, and other type of civil structures. W: That's wonderful. We're going to have a huge building project in Saudi Arabia. I hope you will be able to cooperate with us. M: To tell you the truth, we have a branch office in Riyadh. W: Oh, really. By the way, how many overseas branch offices do you have? M: Altogether we have more than 20 overseas branch offices. Many of them are located in the Middle East. W: OK. Now I have a clear idea about your company.
机电专业英语.Lesson 5
Many times a machinist is concerned with press or interference fits. In this case two parts are forced together usually by mechanical or hydraulic pressing. The frictional forces involved then hold the parts together without any additional hardware such as keys or set screws. Tolerances for press fits can become very critical because parts can be easily damaged by attempts to press fit them if there is an excessive difference in their mating dimensions. In addition, press fitting physically deforms the parts to some extent. This can result in damage, mechanical binding, or the need for a secondary resizing operation such as hand reaming or honing after the parts are pressed together.
Shrink
and expansion fits can have superior holding power over press fits, although special heating and cooling equipment may be necessary. Like press fits, however, allowances are extremely important. Consult a machinist’s handbook for proper allowance specifications.
机电英语1-10单元高等教育出版社
Unite 1 CAD/CAM计算机辅助设计与制造CAD/CAM is a term which means computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing.CAD/CAM是表示计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造的专业术语。
It is the technology concerned with the use of digital computers to perform certain functions in design and production.它是一种使用计算机完成某些设计和生产功能的技术。
This technology is moving in the direction of greater integration of design and manufacturing, two activities which have traditionally been treated as distinct and separate functions in a production firm. 在企业中，人名通常把设计和制造视为两项有着明显不同职能的分工，而这项技术正朝着设计与制造的更大程度一体化方向发展。
Ultimately, CAD/CAM will provide the technology base for the computer-integrated factory of the future.最终，CAD/CAM将会为未来的计算机集成工厂提供技术基础。
Computer-aided design (CAD) can be defined as the use of computer systems to assist the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design.计算机辅助设计（CAD）可定义为运用计算机系统对设计的创意、修改、分析、优化予以辅助。
机电英语Unit5
机电英语Unit5在现代工业领域，机电一体化技术的应用日益广泛，而机电英语作为这一领域中重要的交流工具，对于相关专业人员来说至关重要。
Unit 5 主要涵盖了机电领域中的一些关键概念和技术，包括电气系统、机械传动以及自动化控制等方面。
首先，让我们来探讨一下电气系统。
在机电设备中，电气系统就如同设备的“神经中枢”，负责控制和驱动各种机械部件的运行。
从简单的电路原理到复杂的电力控制系统，都需要我们用准确的英语术语来描述和理解。
例如，“voltage”（电压）、“current”（电流）、“resistance”（电阻）等基础概念，是理解电气系统的基石。
当涉及到机械传动时，各种传动方式及其相关的英语表述也需要我们熟练掌握。
比如，“belt drive”（皮带传动）、“gear drive”（齿轮传动）和“chain drive”（链条传动）等。
这些传动方式在不同的机电设备中发挥着重要作用，而能够准确地用英语表达它们的特点、工作原理以及应用场景，对于国际间的技术交流和合作是必不可少的。
自动化控制是当今机电领域的核心发展方向之一。
诸如“programmable logic controller”（可编程逻辑控制器，简称 PLC）、“sensor”（传感器）和“actuator”（执行器）等词汇频繁出现在相关的技术文档和交流中。
了解这些术语以及它们所代表的技术，能够帮助我们更好地理解和描述自动化控制系统的工作流程和性能。
在学习机电英语 Unit 5 的过程中，我们还会遇到大量的专业词汇和短语，如“motor control”（电机控制）、“power supply”（电源）、“feedback loop”（反馈回路）等等。
这些词汇不仅要求我们能够准确地识别和理解，更要能够在实际的交流和写作中正确运用。
为了更好地掌握这部分知识，我们可以通过阅读相关的英文技术文献、观看英文的技术讲解视频以及参与国际技术交流会议等方式来提高自己的机电英语水平。
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2、So if you compare learning to write CNC programs to learning a foreign language having only 50 words, it shouldn't seem overly difficult to learn CNC programming. 本句中if引导的条件状语从句中有两个to。第一个to与 learn构成learn to do sth.“学习做某事”；第二个to与compare构成固定搭配， 译为：“将……比作……”。本句译为：所以如果您将学习写计算机数控机 床程序比作是学习一门只有50个单词外语的话，那么计算机数控机床编程 似乎并不十分难学。 3、As it reads the program, the CNC control will activate the appropriate machine functions, cause axis motion, and in general, follow the instructions given in the program. 这句中as引导时间状语从句。后面的主 句中主语为CNC control，谓语为三个动词：activate，cause，follow。本 句译为：当读程序时，计算机数控机床的控制器会使适当的机床功能生效并 产生轴的运动，总之，会执行程序中的指令。
Hale Waihona Puke The CNC control
The CNC control will interpret a CNC program and activate the series of commands in sequential order. As it reads the program, the CNC control will activate the appropriate machine functions, cause axis motion, and in general, follow the instructions given in the program. In general, the CNC control allows all functions of the machine to be manipulated.
How CNC works
CNC machines are programmed by a CNC programmer, who uses a machining print to determine X, Y, and Z, coordinates for each cutting tool inside the CNC to move to. This causes, the part that is load to be cut, drilled, tapped, bored, counter bored, chamfered, etc. Everything that an operator would be required to do with conventional machine tools is programmable with CNC machines. Once the machine is setup and running, a CNC machine is quite simple to keep running. In fact CNC operators tend to get quite bored during lengthy production runs because there is so little to do. With some CNC machines, even the work-piece loading process has been automated
Part I Technical and Practical Reading
Passage A
Basics of Computer Numerical Control
What is CNC? CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control and has been around since the early 1970's. Prior to this, it was called NC, for Numerical Control. While people in most walks of life have never heard of this term, CNC has touched almost every form of manufacturing process in one way or another.
EXERCISE 1
Mark the following statements with T (True) or F (False) according to the passage.
1. CNC stands for Control Numerical Computer and has been around since the late1970’s.
The CNC Program
A CNC program is nothing more than another kind of instruction set. It's written in sentence-like format and the control will execute it in sequential order, step by step. A special series of CNC words are used to communicate what the machine is intended to do. CNC words begin with letter addresses (like F for feed-rate, S for spindle speed, and X, Y & Z for axis motion). When placed together in a logical method, a group of CNC words make up a command that resemble a sentence. For any given CNC machine type, there will only be about 4050 words used on a regular basis. So if you compare learning to write CNC programs to learning a foreign language having only 50 words, it shouldn't seem overly difficult to learn CNC programming.
Notes
1、CNC machines are programmed by a CNC programmer, who uses a machining print to determine X, Y, and Z, coordinates for each cutting tool inside the CNC to move to. 此句中who引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 programmer。而who引导的定语从句当中有两个动词：use和coordinate。 整句可译为：计算机数控机床由数控编程员来编程控制，他用加工板来决定 X，Y和Z，协调数控机床内部的每种切割工具的移动。
Coolant Many machining operations require coolant for lubrication and cooling purposes. Coolant can be turned on and off from within the machine cycle.
Motion Control
All CNC machine types share this commonality: They all have two or more programmable directions of motion called axes. An axis of motion can be linear (along a straight line) or rotary (along a circular path). One of the first specifications that implies a CNC machine's complexity is how many axes it has. Generally speaking, the more axes, the more complex the machine. In the beginning stepper motors, which rotate in increments, or steps, were the standard in motion control technology. Positional accuracy defines the precision with which a system can control the actual placement of the X, Y, and Z axes. Three-axis systems are the norm today, although some machines control five to seven axes of motion
Spindle speed and activation
The spindle speed (in revolutions per minute) can be easily specified and the spindle can be turned on in a forward or reverse direction. It can also, of course, be turned off.