初中英语语法过去完成时
初中英语语法——过去完成时
初中英语语法——过去完成时初中英语语法——过去完成时过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
过去完成时是一种相对状态，情调动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
1.过去完成时谓语动词的结构形式过去完成时谓语动词的结构形式为：助动词had+过去分词。
had在句中没有人称和数的变化。
如：My father had left before I came here.My parents had begun to work by the time I got up.2.过去完成时的用法（1）表示在过去某时刻或在过去另一动作之前所完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
如：She had learned English before she came to English.I asked him if he had ever seen a whale blowing.注意：与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：by the end of last week到上周为止，since he left自他离开以来，by that time到那时为止，before that year那年之前，long before很久以前，before I arrive在我到达之前，when I arrived在我到达时（2）表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到那个时间并可能继续下去的动作或状态，常与for 或since引导的表示时间的短语或从句连用。
如：He had studied English for five years when he went to the middle school.He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital.（2）由after，before，as soon as等连词引导时间状语从句，由于这些连词已经清楚地表明了主从句谓语动词的先后顺序，所以对于先发生的动作也可用一般过去时表示。
最全初中英语语法之现在完成时和过去完成时教案
最全初中英语语法之现在完成时和过去完成时教案一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握现在完成时的构成和用法，能正确运用现在完成时描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或状态。
2. 让学生掌握过去完成时的构成和用法，能正确运用过去完成时描述在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
3. 培养学生运用现在完成时和过去完成时进行交际的能力。
二、教学重难点1. 现在完成时的构成：have/has + 过去分词2. 过去完成时的构成：had + 过去分词3. 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别及运用三、教学方法情境教学法、交际法、任务型教学法四、教学过程1. 导入：通过图片和简短对话引导学生思考过去和现在之间的关系，激发学生学习兴趣。
2. 讲解现在完成时：讲解现在完成时的构成、用法和关键时间状语，如already, yet, just等。
3. 讲解过去完成时：讲解过去完成时的构成、用法和关键时间状语，如already, yet, just等。
4. 实例分析：通过例句和练习让学生区分现在完成时和过去完成时，加深对两种时态的理解。
5. 小组讨论：学生分小组讨论现在完成时和过去完成时的用法，分享学习心得。
6. 交际练习：设计情景，让学生运用现在完成时和过去完成时进行角色扮演和对话。
7. 总结：对本节课的内容进行总结，强调现在完成时和过去完成时的用法及区别。
8. 作业布置：布置相关练习题，巩固所学知识。
五、教学评价1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的参与程度，了解学生的学习兴趣。
2. 练习完成情况：检查学生作业完成情况，评估学生对知识的掌握程度。
3. 交际能力：评估学生在角色扮演和对话中的表现，检验学生运用所学知识进行交际的能力。
4. 小组讨论：评价学生在小组讨论中的表现，了解学生的合作能力和思维能力。
六、教学活动设计1. 图片匹配：展示一系列图片，每张图片代表一个过去发生的动作，让学生用现在完成时描述这些动作对现在的影响或状态。
2. 时间线游戏：制作一个时间线，标注过去和现在的关键时间点，让学生根据时间线用过去完成时描述过去的动作。
初中英语语法过去完成时
用法：
1. 过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某 一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去 某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。
1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he _h_a_d__s_e_e_n______ (see) you before. 2. 到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。 By six o’clock they __h_a_d__w_o_r_k_e_d___(work) for eight hours.
过去完成时与 by then(截止到那时); by 9 o’clock(直到
九点钟) by the end of …(在…结束/末之前); by the time…
(在…时之前); up till then (直到那时); up until last night(直到昨晚）等连用，表示过去的过去。
She said that she _h_a_d_n_’_t_b_e_e_n__to___(not go to) the Great Wall yet.
汇报结束
谢谢大家! 请各位批评指正
1. 到昨晚上，他已写完那封信。
By yesterday evening he _h_a_d_w__r_it_te_n__ (write) that letter. 2. 他说他以前见过你。 He said that he __h_a_d__s_e_e_n___(see) you before. 3. 当我进来时，他已做完了作业。 When I came in he __h_a_d_f_in__is_h_e_d_____(finish) his homework.
By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习
初中过去完成时态讲解带练习过去完成时态是用来表示过去某一时间或动作前发生的完成的动作，通常由had + 过去分词构成。
例如：- I had finished my homework before I went to bed.- They had already left when we arrived.在使用过去完成时态时需要注意以下几点：1. 表示两个过去的动作，其中一个动作发生在另一个之前，这时要用过去完成时态。
例如：- He had worked there for 2 years before he was promoted.- She had already eaten before I came to her house.2. 句子中需要明确表示一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，可以使用过去完成时态。
例如：- When I got home, my mother had already cooked dinner.- By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started.3. 注意过去完成时态的时间范围，它仅限于过去发生的动作，而不包括现在的动作。
例如：- I have been to Japan before. (不可用过去完成时态)以下是一些练，请用过去完成时态填空：1. By the time I ______ (arrive) at the party, everyone had left.2. She _______ (not finish) her work, so she had to stay late.3. When he __________ (arrive) at the station, the train had already left.4. They _________ (cook) dinner before their guests arrived.5. We _______ (already watch) that movie before.答案：1. arrived2. had not finished3. arrived4. had cooked5. had already watched。
初中英语语法八大时态总结
初中英语语法八大时态总结初中英语时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，同学们在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，为了让大家能更深刻地记住英语语法中的各种时态，下面是小编为您收集整理的初中英语语法八大时态总结，供大家参考!初中英语语法八大时态总结一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：always，usually，often，sometimes，everyweek(day，year，month…)，onceaweek，onSundays，etc.基本结构：①be动词;②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago，yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday，lastweek(year，night，month…)，in1989，justnow，attheageof5，oneday，longlongago，onceuponatime，etc.基本结构：①be动词;②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now，atthistime，thesedays，etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
初中英语语法-八种时态详解与练习
初中英语语法:八种时态详解与练习一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。
二．种类：（基本时态）一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时一般现在时一、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
二、常搭配的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week,on Sundays, etc.三、基本结构①be动词（is,am,are）；②行为动词(主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加s或es外) 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。
Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
四、基本用法：1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。
中考初中英语语法-现在完成时和过去完成时地区别
中考初中英语语法-现在完成时和过去完成时地区别语法----现在完成时和过去完成时的区别1.从结构上区别现在完成时：主语 + have / has + 过去分词（肯定式）主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词（否定式）Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词（疑问式）过去完成时：主语 + had + 过去分词（肯定式）主语 +had + not + 过去分词（否定式）Had + 主语 + 过去分词（疑问式）2.从时间状语区别现在完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“now, today, tonight, this week, this year, already, yet, just, recently…etc”。
过去完成时: 常用的时间状语包括“by, at, before等构成的短语”。
注意：当表示一段时间，现在完成时和过去完成时都可以用for 或since引导的状语。
例如：Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃午饭了吗？Yes, I have . I’ve just had it. 是的，我刚吃完。
I have had a clock now. 我现在有一个闹钟了。
Have you already posted the photos? 你把照片寄走了吗？The meeting had begun when we got there. 我们到那儿时，会议已经开始了。
We had learned about 5000English words by the end of last term.到上学期末我们已经学了5000个英语单词。
They had done the work at five o’clock. 在五点钟的时候他们已经完成了那项工作。
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李蕾已经三年了。
I have worked here since ten years ago. 自从十年前我就在这工作。
初中英语语法——过去完成时
初中英语语法——过去完成时概念及用法⒈表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句（在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句）来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。
例如：By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨天晚上 9 点钟，我们已经收到 200 张飞船发来的图片。
⒉表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和 for，since构成的时间状语连用。
例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.我在车站已经等了 20 分钟，一辆公共汽车终于来了。
⒊叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补充以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
例如：Mr.Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天就去世了。
他以前是我的好朋友。
⒋在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost.她发现她失去了的钥匙。
⒌过去完成时常常用在told，said，knew，heard,thought 等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
例如：He said that he had known her well.他说他早就很了解她了。
⒍状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，“发生在过去的过去”，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
初中英语过去完成时及详细讲解
初中英语语法及过去完成时详解过去完成时是英语中一种表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况的时态。
它由"had + 过去分词"构成。
过去完成时的用法如下：1. 表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作：①She had already finished her homework when I arrived.（我到达时，她已经完成了作业。
）这里表示在我到达之前，她已经完成了作业。
②They had left before the concert started.（音乐会开始之前，他们已经离开了。
）这里表示在音乐会开始之前，他们已经离开了。
2. 表示在过去某一时间点之前持续的动作或状态：①He had been studying English for three years before he moved to England.（在他搬去英国之前，他已经学习英语三年了。
）这里表示在他搬去英国之前，他一直在学习英语。
需要注意的是，过去完成时强调的是过去某一时间点之前的动作或情况。
因此，常与过去的时间状语连用，如before、after等，以明确指定过去的时间点。
另外，过去完成时常与过去简单时连用，用于表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后顺序。
过去完成时的动作通常发生在过去简单时的动作之前。
例如：①She had finished her homework before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。
）②They had already left when I arrived at the party.（当我到达派对时，他们已经离开了。
）总结起来，过去完成时用于表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作或情况，常与过去的时间状语连用，以明确指定过去的时间点。
同时，过去完成时通常与过去简单时连用，以表示两个过去的动作或情况的先后关系。
过去完成时讲解
过去完成时用法讲解一、概念：表示过去的过去，其构成是had +过去分词。
二、用法：1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。
例如:He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已上床去睡了。
)2. 与一般过去时搭配，表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。
例如：The train had started when I got to the station. (当我到达车站时火车已开走了。
)The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus, I knew it was she, for I had seen her before. (我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她，因为我以前看见过她。
)解说：使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时，该过去的时刻常以“by +过去时间”的短语来表达。
例如下面的说法是不正确的：He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night.若是要说“at 10:00 last night”就必须用一般过去时“He went to bed...”。
请再观察下面的句子试比较：It had rained yesterday. (误)It rained yesterday.(正)或许你会说：“昨天下了雨，可是今天已放晴了，下雨已是过去的事，而且已经下完了，所以就用过去完成时……。
”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。
实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。
1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。
2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外，应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。
三、过去完成时常用的连词有：before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 等。
初中英语语法——现在完成时和过去完成时
初中英语语法——现在完成时和过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时主要表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或从过去一直持续到现在的动作，包含已完成与未完成”两种意义。
其构成形式为主语have/has+过去分词”。
1. 现在完成时的构成eg: Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管他已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望能再读一遍。
eg: I have not heard from my pare nts for a long time. 我很长时间没有收到父母的来信了。
eg: Have you travelled to another place?你去过别的地方旅行吗？2. 现在完成时的用法(1) 表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响。
eg: He has tur ned off the light.eg: I have n ever see n such fine pictures before.eg: He has just gone to En gla nd.eg: Have you packed yet ?(2) 表从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态。
eg: He has lived here since 1995.eg: I have been away from my hometown for thirty years. 我离开家乡有30 年了。
eg: Un cle Wang has worked in the factory since it ope ned.自从该工厂成立以来，王叔叔就一直在这里工作。
eg: 1 have lived in Bejing since I came to China.自从我来至U中国就一直住在北京。
(3) have gone to和have been to的区另have gone to表示去而未归” have been to表示去已归来”。
2024年初中英语语法专项复习归纳之将来完成时与过去完成时的用法
2024年初中英语语法专项复习归纳之将来完成时与过去完成时的用法将来完成时的构成与用法1.构成：will/shall have+过去分词,表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
注意：常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有。
2、在时间从句和条件从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时，表示将来某时业已完成的动作。
3.将来完成时还可以表示"可能性"，或"设想"。
将来完成时概念：将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。
经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。
•将来完成时与一般将来时的比较：1、有具体的时间状语要用一般将来时。
如：Mr Smith will return home on the first Sunday next month. 史密斯先生将于下月的第一个星期日回家。
2、将来完成时的时间状语一般用介词by引入。
如：Mr Smith will have returned home by next month. 到下个月史密斯先生将已回到家了。
典例精析：1、They_____on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we_____it as no good results have e out so far.A. had been working; are still workingB. had worked; were still workingC. have been working; have workedD. have worked; are still working答案：A。
解析：不难看出第一空的动作发生在I joined them以前，且持续了一个周，应该用过去完成进行时；and now说明下面的动作仍在进行之中，应该用现在进行时。
初中英语语法16种英语时态总结
英语时态时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。
动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。
将这时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例)：现在现在一般时 do现在完成时 have done现在进行时 is doing现在完成进行时 have been doing过去过去一般时 did过去完成时 had done过去进行时 was doing过去完成进行时 had been doing将来将来一般时 will do将来完成时 will have done将来进行时 will be doing将来完成进行时 will have been doing过去将来过去将来一般时 would do过去将来完成时 would have done过去将来进行时 would be doing过去将来完成进行时 would have been doing注：构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has, have), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。
在这16种时态中，其中有8种时态是最重要的，也是用得最多的，是初学者必须要掌握的，它们是一般现在时(也称一般现在时)、一般过去时(也称一般过去时)、一般将来时(也称一般将来时)、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来一般时(也称过去将来时)，其余的时态相对用得较少。
1、一般现在时用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
B) 习惯用语。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。
例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。
）D) 客观事实和普遍真理。
尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。
E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。
初中英语语法——现在完成时与过去完成时
现在完成时与过去完成时一、现在完成时过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
2.用法（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3．结构1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。
have not=haven’t has not=hasn’t.2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它？3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它？eg. He has already finished his homework.He hasn’t finished his homework yet.Has he finished his homework yet?--Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet.4.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
初中英语语法八大时态总结
初中英语语法八大时态总结一、一般现在时态（Simple Present）1.表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或状态：- Lucy goes to school by bus every day.- They often play basketball in the park.2.表示客观事实或普遍真理：- The sun rises in the east.- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.3.表示评论、观点等：- I think it's a good idea.- He doesn't like swimming.二、一般过去时态（Simple Past）1.表示过去一些时间发生的动作或状态：- They visited their grandparents last weekend.- I lived in London for two years.2.表示过去的经常性动作或状态：- We often played soccer after school.- She worked in a restaurant when she was a student.3.表示与现在相反的情况或假设：- If I had money, I would buy a new car.- I wish I could go to the concert with you.三、一般将来时态（Simple Future）1.表示将来要发生的事情：- I will meet him at the airport tomorrow.- They are going to have a party next week.2.表示意愿、打算或承诺：- I promise I will help you.- She is going to study abroad next year.四、现在进行时态（Present Continuous）1.表示现在正在进行或暂时的动作：- They are playing football in the park.- He is studying for the exam.2.表示现阶段的变化或趋势：- The population of the city is increasing rapidly.- More and more people are using smartphones.五、过去进行时态（Past Continuous）1.表示过去一些时间正在进行中的动作：- I was watching TV when she called me.- They were having dinner when the power went out.2.表示过去一些时间同时发生的两个动作：- While he was reading, his sister was playing the piano.- When I arrived, they were still waiting for you.六、将来进行时态（Future Continuous）1.表示将来一些时间正在进行的动作：- He will be sleeping when you arrive.2.表示将来一些时间同时发生的两个动作：- While you are washing the dishes, I will be cleaning the bathroom.- When I call you, she will be cooking dinner.七、现在完成时态（Present Perfect）1.表示过去发生但对现在有影响的动作或状态：- I have lost my key, so I can't open the door.- She has finished her homework, so she can watch TV now.2.表示经历或遭遇过的事情：- Have you ever been to Paris?- He has never seen such a beautiful sunset.八、过去完成时态（Past Perfect）1.表示在过去一些时间之前已经发生的动作或状态：- When I arrived, they had already left.2.表示过去一些时间之前一直存在或保持的状态：- He had lived in that house for 10 years before he moved out.- She had been planning the party for weeks.。
初中英语语法——现在完成时和过去完成时
初中英语语法——现在完成时和过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时主要表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或从过去一直持续到现在的动作，包含“已完成”与“未完成”两种意义。
其构成形式为“主语have/has+过去分词”。
1.现在完成时的构成eg: Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管他已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望能再读一遍。
eg: I have not heard from my parents for a long time. 我很长时间没有收到父母的来信了。
eg: Have you travelled to another place? 你去过别的地方旅行吗?2.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响。
eg: He has turned off the light.eg: I have never seen such fine pictures before.eg: He has just gone to England.eg: Have you packed yet ?(2)表从过去开始一直延续到现在（可能延续下去）的动作或状态。
eg: He has lived here since 1995.eg: I have been away from my hometown for thirty years. 我离开家乡有30年了。
eg: Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.自从该工厂成立以来，王叔叔就一直在这里工作。
eg: 1 have lived in Bejing since I came to China. 自从我来到中国就一直住在北京。
(3) have gone to 和have been to 的区别have gone to 表示“去而未归”; have been to 表示“去已归来”。
初中英语语法八大时态总结
1.一般现在时2 .一般过去时3 .一般将来时4 .现在进行时5 .过去进行时6 .现在完成时7 .过去完成时8 .过去将来时1.一般现在时1．一般现在时的构成一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数则动词也要用第三人称单数形式。
动词第三人称单数的构成方式如下：构成方法例词一般在词尾加-s work—works；spend—spends在以s，z，ch，sh，x等字母结尾的动词之后加-es pass—passes；wash—washes；teach—teaches；mix—mixes以不发音的e结尾的动词只在e后加-s write—writes；ride—rides 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-esstudy—studies；try—tries 以o结尾的动词，在词尾加-es do—does；go—goes2.一般现在时的用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与often，always，usually，sometimes，once a week，every day/...等表示频率的副词或时间状语连用。
如：I often go to school by bike.我经常骑车去上学。
(2)表示客观事实或普遍真理。
如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
(3)在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
如：If it rains tomorrow，we won't go to the park.如果明天下雨，我们将不去公园。
When I grow up，I will go to America.当我长大后，我将去美国。
即学即练( )1.If Nancy ________ the exam ，she will go to Australia for English study.A ．passB ．passedC ．passesD ．will pass ( )2.The Greens will visit Hainan as soon as they ________ to China.A ．comesB ．comeC ．cameD ．will come ( )3.Now my father ________ his bike to work every day instead of driv ing.A ．rideB ．rodeC ．ridesD ．will rideC B C2.一般过去时1．一般过去时的构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示，即：主语＋动词的过去式。
初中英语语法基础学习知识汇总
初中英语语法基础学习知识汇总一、时态1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性、客观真理、现在的事实等。
构成形式为：主语+动词原形/三单动词形式。
例如：I go to school every day.（我每天去上学。
）2. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成形式为：主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词ing形式。
例如：She is reading a book.（她正在读一本书。
）3. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。
构成形式为：主语+动词过去式。
例如：He went to the park yesterday.（他昨天去了公园。
）4. 现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
构成形式为：主语+have/has+动词过去分词。
例如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了我的作业。
）5. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
构成形式为：主语+was/were+动词ing形式。
例如：We were playing football at 6 o'clock yesterday.（昨天六点我们在踢足球。
）6. 过去完成时过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。
构成形式为：主语+had+动词过去分词。
例如：She had learned English before she came to China.（她来中国之前已经学过英语了。
）二、被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成形式为：be动词(am/is/are/was/were/have/has/had)+过去分词。
例如：The book was written a famous author.（这本书是一位著名作家写的。
）三、情态动词情态动词表示能力、允许、请求、建议等。
常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, should等。
初中英语语法--过去完成时
(2) “未完成”用法
• 表示一个动作在过去某一时间以前就已开 始，一直延续到另一个过去的时间，并有 可能继续下去。
• e.g. He had worked in this school for five years before he moved here.
• 搬到这里以前，他已经在那所学校工作了5 年了。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
2、常与过去完成时连用的时间状语
• by yesterday 到昨天为止 • by the end of last week 到上周为止 • by the time... 到...时为止 • for+一段时间 • since+过去的某一个时间
3、构成
• 助动词had+动词的过去分词
句型转换
• 原句：They had worked for more than 12 hours, by the time of 6 o'clock.
• 否定句： • They hadn't worked.... • 疑问句： • Had they worked ... ? • 肯定回答： Yes, they had. • 否定回答： No, they hadn't.
过去完成时
1、用法
• (1) “已完成”用法 • 表示一个动作在过去某一时间或某一动作
之前已完成。 • e.g. By the time I was five, I had learnt 600
English words. • 我到5岁时，已经学了600个英语单词。
• 在宾语从句中，也经常使用过去完成时， 表示从句动作先于主句动作发生。
最全初中英语语法之现在完成时和过去完成时教案
一、教学目标：1. 让学生掌握现在完成时和过去完成时的基本结构和用法。
2. 培养学生运用现在完成时和过去完成时进行交际的能力。
3. 提高学生对英语语法的兴趣和自信心。
二、教学内容：1. 现在完成时的结构：主语+ have/has + 过去分词。
2. 现在完成时的用法：表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响或结果。
3. 过去完成时的结构：主语+ had + 过去分词。
4. 过去完成时的用法：表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
三、教学重点和难点：1. 重点：现在完成时和过去完成时的结构及用法。
2. 难点：区分现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
四、教学方法：1. 任务型教学法：通过完成各种任务，让学生在实践中学习和运用现在完成时和过去完成时。
2. 情境教学法：创设各种情境，让学生在真实的环境中感受和理解现在完成时和过去完成时的用法。
3. 互动式教学法：鼓励学生积极参与，进行小组讨论和合作，提高学生的口语表达能力和交际能力。
五、教学步骤：1. 导入：通过图片或故事引入现在完成时和过去完成时的概念。
2. 讲解：讲解现在完成时和过去完成时的结构、用法及区别。
3. 练习：进行现在完成时和过去完成时的填空、改写等练习。
4. 任务：分组完成关于现在完成时和过去完成时的任务，如角色扮演、故事编写等。
5. 总结：对本节课的内容进行总结，强调重点和难点。
6. 作业：布置相关的练习题，巩固所学知识。
六、教学评估：1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的积极参与程度和表现。
2. 练习完成情况：检查学生完成练习的情况，及时给予反馈和指导。
3. 任务完成情况：评估学生在任务中的表现，包括口语表达和交际能力。
4. 作业完成情况：检查学生完成作业的情况，对有问题的学生进行个别辅导。
七、教学延伸：1. 进行现在完成时和过去完成时的扩展练习，如写作、翻译等。
2. 组织学生进行语法竞赛，激发学生的学习兴趣和竞争意识。
3. 结合其他语法点，进行综合练习，提高学生的语法综合运用能力。
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初中英语过去完成时态讲解试题过去完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词否定式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had.No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法过去完成时的用法：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
他表示的时间是"过去的过去 "常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。
如：She said she had seen the film 4 times.When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading.By the time they arrived, the bus had left.2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing.A. studied, had goneB. had studied, wentC. has studied, goesD. had studied, had gone解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年 "。
在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。
此题选B。
2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink.A. enjoyedB. was enjoyingC. had enjoyedD. would enjoy解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。
应选C。
3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months.A. has been inB. had been inC. had been toD. had gone to解析："小培说她去了海南三个月 "。
have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。
所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.时态综合例题解析：１--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ?---They _____ tea in the garden.A. are drinkingB. drankC. have drunkD. drink2. My mother often asks me _____early .A. get upB. got upC. getting upD. to get up3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.A. taughtB. caughtC. boughtD. brought4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light.A. got onB. got offC. slowed downD. picked up5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks.A. has lentB. has borrowedC. has boughtD. has had6. ---Do you know ______?---Sorry, but if he _____ back, I ____ you know as soon as possible.A. when will he be back, comes, will letB. when he will be back, will come, will letC. what time will he be back, will come, letD. what time he wil l be back, comes, will let7. We ____ to the park if it is fine tomorrow.A. will goB. have goneC. go8. A new shoe factory will ______ in this part of the city.A. be buildingB. be builtC. build9. ---______ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there.---Ok, Mom.A. Put upB. Put onC. Put downD. Put away10. --- How about going hiking this weekend?--- Sorry, I prefer ____ rather than _____.A. to stay at home, go outB. to go out, stay at homeC. staying at home, go outD. going out, stay at home解析：1.根据问句的时态现在进行时，答句时态要一致，故选答案: A2.根据句中的谓语动词ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：D3.根据第一句的固定动词词组 catch up with sb 及第二句的过去时态，故选答案:B4.此题主要考查四个动词词组的掌握.根据后半句在红灯时停下来,故选答案: C5.此题主要考查现在完成时的延续和非延续动词，根据for two weeks 时间短语。
故选答案: C6.此题主要考查宾语丛句和状语丛句的习惯用法。
第一句是特殊疑问句的宾语丛句，要用陈述句语序。
第二句是if 条件句。
丛句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
故选答案：B7.此题考查if 条件句的主句时态，要用一般将来时，故选答案； A8.此题考查语态。
根据全句的意思，使用被动语态。
故选答案： B9.此题考查四个动词词组put up ,张贴，举起; put on 穿上，上演； put away 把---收拾好。
根据后半句"我讨厌到处乱放"，故选答案: D10.此题主要考查一个固定词组：prefer to do sth rather than do sth. 故选答案：C.练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：1. A policeman saw two thieves ______a girl's mobile phone on the bus and h ecaught them at once.A. to stealB. stealingC. stoleD. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the 's ______them success.A. wish wish hope3. He is so careless that he always ______his school things at home.A. forgets4. ----Who ______the computer? I want to use it.----Timmy. He ______ it for a week.A. borrowed, has borrowed borrowed, boughtborrowed, has kept , has borrowed5. Look! One of the girls ______the door.A. cleans cleaning cleaning6. If you don't feel well, you may just ______.stopped reading reading to read to read7. ----Where can we get a baseball?----Let's ______.A. lend Jim one one to Jimone from Jim one of Jim8. ----My model ship doesn't work.----Don't worry. I'll have it ______this afternoon.A. repairing9. You ______wash your hands before meals.A. need10. Will you ______the light? It's dark in the room.A. get on off on off11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may ______me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang.A. ask12. There is going to ______a game in our school this afternoon.A. has13. You'd better______smoking. It's bad for your health.A. eat up up up up14. ----How do you like this book?----I think it has nothing to______with our study.A. make15. ----Where is Mr Brown? I have some questions to ask him.----He ______the office.A. has been to been in gone to gone inbus kept the people ______for twenty minutes.A. wait waitbelieve the scientists will______a better way to heal the disease.A. get on with up with on with up withdo you often ______this pink blouse?----Because it fits me well.A. put on on19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he ______him.A. went over behind off off20. The Internet ______it easy to get much new information in a short time.A. finds参考答案：1--5 BACCB 6-10 BCCBC 11--15 DCBBC 16-20 CBBBB二、选择最佳答案填空(动词时态)：1. We __________out by that time that he_________ a thief for a longtime.A. had found, had beenB. had found, wasC. found, had beenD. found, was2. It so happened that they________ the novel before.A. had readB. would readC. were readingD. read3. She________ for nearly two hours.A. kept talkingB. kept to talkC. has kept talkingD. kept to talking4. Spring_______ after winter.A. comesB. cameC. has comeD. had comehear some noise in the next room.-Oh, yes. Your sister_______ there.A. criesB. is cryingC. criedD. was crying6. All the students__________ to plant trees and there's nobody in the cla ssroom.A. goB. will goC. have goneD. wound go7. Stop! A little boy_________ the street.A. is crossingB. crossesC. crossedD. has crossed8. The girl________ to milk since last winter.A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. would learn9. What__________ to you this morning?A. happensB. is happenedC. happenedD. was happened10. -The old man looks healthy.-Yes. He________ some running after he gets up.A. doesB. didC. has doneD. will do11. She didn't pass the exams because she________ her lessons well.A. wasn't preparedB. wasn't been preparedC. hadn't preparedD. was preparing12. This story_______ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago.A. is happenedB. was happenedC. happenedD. has been happened13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really? For what?-The old man________ the noise in the city.A. is hatingB. hatesC. was hatingD. has hated14. His father ________ for a week.A. diedB. will dieC. has been diedD. has been dead15. My mother is ill. I _______stay at home and look after her.A. has toB. mustC. wouldD. have toyou know the Frenchman?---Yes. I ______him for two years.A. knowB. have knownC. knewD. have been known17. They______ all their money, so they have to walk home.A. spendB. had spentC. have spentD. will spend18. Great changes_______ in the city, and a lot of factories_______.been taken place, have been set uptaken place, have been set uptaken place, have set uptaken place, were set up19. ---When did Kate's grandma die?---While the doctors______ on her.A. are operatingB. were operatingC. operateD. operated20. ---Who are you looking for?---Mr White.---Wait here for a while. The class meeting_______ over in half an h our.A. isB. will beC. wasD. has been21. If she's not at home, you ______ try telephoning her at the office.A. willB. couldC. wouldD. need22. All the new words ______ up in the dictionary yet.A. have lookedB. haven't lookedC. have been lookedD. haven't been lookeddon't want to speak to her, but I ______.A. doB. have toC. have to speakD. must to24. Hurry up, or you _____ the train.A. missB. loseC. will missD. will losenew library ____ next week.A.. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built's Mabel?---She _____ ping pong behind the teaching building.A. is playingB. was playingC. playedD. had played27. Quite a few tall buildings _______ the last two years.A. have been put upB. were put upC. had put upD. put up28. Man-made-satellites______ into space by many countries.A. was sent upB. is sent upC. have been sent upD. has been sent up29. I _______ all the words on the black board. May I go home now?B. copy B. will coupC. copiedD. have copied30. Nobody knew _______ a living in that country.A. to doB. to makeC. how to doD. how to makeold man needs at most five hour's sleep a night ,but he__________ for over seven hours tonight.A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep'm really getting too fat. From now on, I________ more exercise and eat l ess food.A have doneB doC am doingD will do33. You don't need__________ her. I_________ her for several times.A describe, had metB describe, meetC to describe, have metD describe, met34. His speech in English was difficult__________.A in followingB for being followedC to followD to be followed by35. When he was a child, he tried to find ways_______ people________ life m ore.A. to help, enjoyB. help, to enjoyC. help, enjoyingD. to be helped, to enjoydid your class teacher ________you to _______at the meeting?A. tell, sayB. ask, speakC. tell, speakD. ask, talkbus until it _______.A. Get off, stopsB. get off, will stopC. Don't get off, stopsD. Don't get off, will stop百度文库- 让每个人平等地提升自我11 38 The living standard of the people in Shanghai_______ in the last ten years.A. has raisedB. has risenC. has been raisedD. has been risen39 -What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?-He_______ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. has drivenB. droveC. drivesD. is driving40. Hurry up! The play _______ for ten minutes.A. had begunB. beganC. has been onD. has begun1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCBBB 21-25 ADBCB 26-30 AACDD 31-35 BDCCA 36-40 ACBBC。