翻译三级笔译实务模拟12

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全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试德语三级《笔译实务》试卷(样题)

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试德语三级《笔译实务》试卷（样题）Teil IÜbersetzen Sie die folgenden Texte ins Chinesische!（共60分）Text1（30分）Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland gehört zu den international führenden Wirtschaftsnationen.Mit ihrer wirtschaftlichen Gesamtleistung steht sie in der Welt an dritter Stelle;im Welthandel nimmt sie sogar den zweiten Platz ein.Nach neuesten Statistiken ist Deutschland(vor den USA)Exportweltmeister und behauptet einen Anteil am Weltmarkt von gut zehn Prozent.Schon seit Anfang der fünfziger Jahre wird mehr exportiert als importiert,ist die Handelsbilanz also positiv.Produkte…made in Germany“sind begehrt.Daran hat sich in Jahrzehnten kaum etwas geändert,auch wenn die Konkurrenz auf den Weltmärkten gewaltig geworden ist.Dieser Exportweltmeister punktet mit der Größe seines Sozialproduktes,mit Patentmeldungen,als Hightech-und Forschungsstandort.Die deutsche Wirtschaft wuchs nach der Katastrophe des Zweiten Weltkrieges überraschend schnell zu einer der führenden Wirtschaften Europas und dann der Welt heran.Ein solides Konzept,das der sozialen Marktwirtschaft,die solide D-Mark, ehrgeizige Menschen und technisches Können brachten die deutsche Wirtschaft schnell voran.Auch der Wohlstand wuchsüber Jahrzehnte.Weltweit liegt zwar noch ein Dutzend Länder mit ihrem Pro-Kopf-Einkommen vor Deutschland,dennoch gehört Deutschland zu der Gruppe der sehr wohlhabenden Länder,und die Einkommen sind relativ gleichmäßig verteilt.Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland befürwortet den freien Welthandel und ist gegen jede Form von Protektionismus.Da sie rund ein Drittel ihres Bruttoinlandsprodukts exportiert,ist sie auf offene Märkte angewiesen.Für die deutsche Wirtschaft ist es lebenswichtig,den europäischen Binnenmarkt auszubauen und sich außerhalb der Europäischen Union alte Märkte zu erhalten und neue zu erschließen.Dem marktwirtschaftlichen Kurs nach innen entspricht nach außen das beharrliche Eintreten für offene Märkte und freien Welthandel.Text2（30分）Berlin ist politische Hauptstadt,ein wirtschaftliches und wissenschaftliches Zentrum,ein bedeutender Messe-und Kongressplatz,eine Kulturmetropole und ein Einkaufsparadies.Berlin ist die meistbesuchte Stadt Deutschlands und folgt im europäischen Vergleich auf London,Paris und Rom.Berlin zählte2002fast fünf Millionen Hotelgäste mit knapp11MillionenÜbernachtungen.Hinzu kommen jährlich rund60Millionen Touristen und knapp sieben Millionen Geschäftsreisende, die sich nur einen Tag in der Stadt aufhalten.Etwa550Beherbergungsbetriebe bieten weitüber60000Gästebetten.7000gastronomische Betriebe sorgen für ein internationales Angebot.Der Tourismus ist ein bedeutender Zweig der Berliner Wirtschaft.66000Beschäftigte erzielten in dieser Branche zuletzt einen Jahresumsatz von5,2Milliarden Euro.Charlottenburg war zu Zeiten der Teilung der Stadt das Zentrum Westberlins. Der Bahnhof Zoo,der Kurfürstendamm und die Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche, die nach ihrer Zerstörung1943als mahnende Ruine erhalten blieb,sind heute noch erste Anlaufstellen.Der Schloss Charlottenburg ist eine prächtige Barock-Residenz.Der Tiergarten ist das politische Zentrum Deutschlands.Der Bundespräsident residiert im Schloss Bellevue,der Bundeskanzler arbeitet und lebt im mächtigen Bau des neuen Bundeskanzleramtes,und der Bundestag tagt im umgestalteten Reichstagsgebäude.Am Südrand des Tiergarten-Parks wurde mit zahlreichen Botschaften das Diplomatenviertel wiederbelebt.Köpenick ist der größte Berliner Stadtbezirk.Das auf einer Insel gegründete einstige Fischerdorf hat sich mit seinem Rathaus und den engen Gassen den Charme einer Kleinstadt erhalten.Kreuzberg war schon in der geteilten Stadt der Berliner Szenebezirk,geprägt von dem Zusammenleben verschiedener Kulturen,sozialen Randgruppen und einer alternativen Szene.Nach dem Mauerfall rückte der Bezirk in das geographische Zentrum Berlins,wurde schicker,ohne allerdings seinen alternativen Flair zu verlieren.Sehenswert ist der verbliebene Mauerstreifen an der Niederkirchnerstraße und natürlich der Checkpoint Charlie,der einstige Grenzübergang zwischen Ost-und Westberlin,an dem sich1961nach dem Bau der Berliner Mauer sowjetische und amerikanische Panzer gegenüber standen.Die Geschichte der Mauer wird in einem Museum gezeigt.Das Brandenburger Tor steht für Teilung und Wiedervereinigung der Stadt.Den Alexanderplatzüberragt der365Meter hohe Fernsehturm.Die Museumsinsel mit ihren klassizistischen Prachtbauten ist Weltkulturerbe.Teil IIÜbersetzen Sie die folgenden Texte aus dem Chinesischen ins Deutsche!（共40分）Text1（20分）2002年底，中国共有女性人口6.2亿人，占人口总数的48.5%。

全国人事部英语翻译三级考试样题(笔译实务)

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 residents at the tip of a fin-shaped peninsula on Russia’s northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet, or 5 to 6 meters, a year. Eventually, homes will be lost as more ice melts each summer, and maybe all of Bykovsky, too.“It is practically all ice —permafrost —and it is thawing.” The 4 million Russian people who live north of the Arctic Circle are feeling the effects of warming in many ways. A changing climate presents new opportunities, but it also threatens their environment, the stability of their homes, and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. Discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil or liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed for the eager markets of Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by air and water pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit coastal villages at a projected cost of US$100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with cultural traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and笔译实务（英语·三级）试卷第 1 页（共3 页）wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, the northernmost province of Norway, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too, though in another way. “The reindeer are becoming unhappy,” said Issat Eir a, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and as a result Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring are melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.“The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns,” said Eira, sitting beside a birch fire inside his lavvu, a home made of reindeer hides. “They don’t mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it.”Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.中国为种类繁多的菜肴感到十分自豪。

翻译三级笔译实务-历史文化(History)

翻译三级笔译实务-历史文化(History)(总分：140.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Ⅰ{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The manager sat in his office amid his morning mail.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：经理坐在办公室里处理早上到的邮件。

2.He is a man above vulgar interests.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：他是一个脱离了低级趣味的人。

3.The ancient compass is of high sensibility.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：古代的指南针具有很高的灵敏度。

4.It looks as if we are in for a storm.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：看来我们免不了要碰上一场暴风雨了。

5.He was between sheets by eleven.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：十一点时，他已钻进被窝了。

CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题

CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题Keep trying no matter how hard it seems. it will get easier.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region. “The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,” Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green Wall. First proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15 kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead,with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,” Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview here. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine an d anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,” the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in.After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to three meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer. There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,” Professor Peiry said in an interview. “The trans piration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,” he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,” Mr. Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求。

2024英语三级笔译(Catti 3)实务真题及参考译文

2024年英语三级笔译（CATTI3）实务真题及参考译文1.英译汉（原文）The last vestiges of Covid Restrictions have finally been removed, and international tourism is exploding—more than 900 million eager tourists took to the skies in 2022, doubling the number from 2021.But as world travel recovers from the pandemic, the rise in tourism is, among other things, overwhelming foreign infrastructure, disrupting local residents and diminishing the overall tourist experience.Although tourism still boosts the economies of hotspot cities, municipal authorities are concerned about the impact over tourism has on their communities and cultural heritage sites and have thus started taking matters into their own hands to mitigate overcrowding.To counter the downsides of overtourism, the travel industry can utilize tech-based tools that combat the root causes of tourist congestion and actively encourage travel to lesser-known places, thereby satisfying tourists without burdening the local residents.According to one study, when tourist numbers exceed a city’s carrying capacity, residents’ perception of their home as a good place to live begins to deteriorate, increasing feelings of resentment toward tourists during peak seasons.Amsterdam, with its picturesque canals, stunning brick architecture and leisurely bicycle paths, is just one of several cities reeling from the effects of overtourism; more than 20 million tourists are anticipated to visit the city this year alone.To curb the flow of visitors without destabilizing the tourism market, the city introduced a cap on overnight guests and is proposing further measures that include relocating some popular tourist attractions to outside the city center—or even removing them altogether.To give the city more “breathing space”, the mayor of Dubrovnik（杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚城市）shut down 80% of its souvenir stalls and restricted cruise ship and tour bus operations. City officials in Barcelona instituted taxes for overnight tourists and barred entry to certain food markets. And in Venice, officials banned the development of new hotels and installed turnstiles along popular routes to redirect tourist traffic.To thrive with resident communities, the tourism industry must cultivate a new approach that better serves local interests when promoting destinations and trip options.Marketing trips through the use of thoughtful ad campaigns and tech tools that inspire tourists to venture away from conventional hotspots and explore lesser-known attractions could lead to a more even distribution of travelers across various destinations.To that end, dispersing tourists should be a top business goal for travel providers rather than focusing only on the high-traffic destinations. This not only enables travelers to genuinely experience diverse cultures but also provides vital support torural-located businesses, restaurants and cultural establishments, which stand to gain the most from tourist dollars.In order to empower travelers to visit new or unfamiliar destinations, the industry should consider leveraging tech-based tools to convince them. Airbnb（爱彼迎公司）, for example, rolled out flexible search features in 2021 that divert bookings away from destinations at times when overtourism occurs, encouraging tourists to make accommodations in alternative cities or towns.With tourists overrunning major destinations, the tourism industry and local municipalities must find some middle ground. Heavily visited cities will otherwise be forced to impose further tourist restrictions, putting an entire revenue stream at risk.1.英译汉（译文）新冠疫情最后剩余的限制终于被解除，国际旅游业也因此迎来了爆发式增长——2022年，有超过9亿热切的游客乘飞机出行，人数是2021年的两倍。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题_翻译资格证书_

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译实务模拟试题Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes).I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an astrolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. "We have three of the oldest known," he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: "He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated near the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet."I want to take the measure of Cuba's past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that illumine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cuba's long reign as counting house and command center for Spain's New World colonies.I see knickknacks destined for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle of very Old Spanish wine.On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of ElMorro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havana's harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havana's past. As torches light the darkness, I watch Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes the end of day. In Spanish times the cannon signaled the closing of the city gates and the drawing of a great chain across the harbor. Now the nightly ritual keeps open the sea-lane of memory between colonial past and present nationhood.Near the waterfront of Old Havana stands the Palace of the Captains General. Once the headquarters of the Spanish bureaucracy that governed Cuba, the palace now is the Museum of the city. Light and shadow play along its walls of coral limestone. Royal palms rustle in its lust courtyard. Up a stone stairway a gallery leads to the spacious office of Eusebio Leal Spengler, historian of the city of Havana and preserver of its past.A slight, precise man in a well-tailored dark suit, he is the obvious ruler of the palace.We had hardly shaken hands before he began rapidly talking about Havana, a city he sees simultaneously in past and present. The jewels I had viewed in the vault were about to become part of the treasure he guards for Cuba. He has selected an old fort to be their new home. "This," he said with a sweep of his hand, "is the city that changed history. Because of a decision by PhilipⅡ all ships had to gather here to carry treasure back to Spain. And what treasure! Silk and aromatic wood from China, emeralds, silver."Part 2 Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points, 80 minutes).中国海洋事业的发展海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分，也是资源的宝库，环境的重要调节器。

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(1)

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（1）(1/1)Section ⅠEnglish Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese .第1题Both societies, moreover, have developed to the highest levels the arts of business and commerce, of buying and selling, and of advertising and mass producing. Few sights are more reassuring to Americans that the tens of thousands of bustling stores seen in Japan, especially the beautiful, well-stocked department stores. To American eyes, they seem just like Macy's or Neiman Marcus at home. In addition, both Japan and America are consumer societies. The people of both countries love to shop and are enthusiastic consumers of convenience products and fast foods. Vending machines selling everything from fresh flowers to hot coffee are as popular in Japan as they are in America, and fast-food noodle shops are as common in Japan as McDonald's restaurants are in America.下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following passage into English .第2题情感是人们对于某种重大事件或想法产生的感觉或反应。

11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷

11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷Section 1：英译汉（50 分）This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made tolocal water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency's report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency's proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That's especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of differentapproaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.Section 2：汉译英（50 分）即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(13)

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（13）(1/1)Section ⅠEnglish Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese .第1题obal IndustrializationIndustrialization changed the world. Few places on earth have escaped its impact. However, the nature of the impact varies from place to place. Understanding the global consequences of industrialization requires an understanding of how industrialization differed in each place.Industrialization is always initially a regional, not a national, phenomenon as demonstrated by the long industrial lag of the American South. Many other parts of Western Europe plus the United States followed Britain in the early 19th century. A few other European regions -- Sweden, Holland, northern Italy -- began serious industrialization only at mid-century. The next big wave of new industrialization, beginning around the 1880s, embraced Russia and Japan. A final round (to present) included the rapid industrialization of the rest of the Pacific Rim (especially South Korea and Taiwan) by the 1960s.Various factors shaped the nature of industrialization in each place. In Britain, for example, industrialization succeeded when it depended on individual inventors and relatively small companies. It began to lag, however, in the corporate climate of the later 19th century. In contrast, Germany surged forward when industrialization featured larger organizations, more impersonal management structures, and collaborative research rather than artisan-tinkerers. In Germany, the state was also more directly involved in industrialization than in Britain.French industrialization emphasized updated craft products. This reflected not only earlier national specialties, but also less adequate resources in coal, a factor that held heavy industry back. Furniture workers, for example, used pre-set designs to turn out furniture quickly, but they resented dilutions of their artistic skill. The United States´industrialization depended on immigrant labor. Unlike Germany, however, the United States introduced laws that combated businesses big enough to throttle competition, though the impact of these laws was uneven. The United States with its huge market also pioneered the new economic stage of mass consumerism that ultimately had a worldwide impact.The consequences of industrialization are, ultimately, global. By the early 19th century, Europe´s factories pushed back more traditional manufacturing in areas like Latin America and India. At the same time, industrial centers sought new food resources and raw materials, prompting these sectors to expand in places like Chile and Brazil.Gradually, however, other societies copied industrialization or at least developed an independent industrial sector. Much of 20th-century world history, in fact, involves efforts by societies like India, China, Iran, or Brazil to reduce their dependence on imports and mount a selective export operation through industry. Industrialization´s environmental impact has also been international. Industrialization quickly affected local water and air quality around factories. Industrial demands for agricultural products, like robber, caused deforestation and soil changes in places like Brazil. These patterns have accelerated as industrial growth has spread more widely, creating modern issues such as global warming. The world impact of industrialization, in these senses, remains an unfinished story as the 21st century begins.Given the global impact of industrialization, it is increasingly important that we understand its nature and its consequences. Whereas the impact of industrialization is easy to understand on apersonal level -- how it affects where and how we work or live our lives -- it is more difficult to understand its nature on a global level, particularly when its global pattern is so complex. History provides a means toward this understanding. By understanding the causes, the variations, and the historic consequences of the Industrial Revolution, we can better understand our present circumstances and, hopefully, shape future industrializations for the good. _____下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following passage into English .第2题贸易保护主义考验全球经济2000年全球共有反倾销案251起，略高于20世纪90年代年均232起的数字。

英语翻译三级口译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析(12)

英语翻译三级口译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析（12）(1~10/共10题)Part ⅠAPlay00:00…Volume第1题Success has something to do with leadership.A.正确B.错误第2题The ability to lead is not necessary to everyone.A.正确B.错误第3题A leader must possess a leadership position.A.正确B.错误第4题Teammates and classmates should not be considered as leaders.A.正确B.错误第5题Getting other people to do willingly what we want them to do is the true meaning of leadership.A.正确B.错误第6题Sometimes we may force people to do things, and that is also a kind of leadership.A.正确B.错误第7题The most important element of leadership is communication.A.正确B.错误第8题An ideal leader should be a good listener.A.正确B.错误第9题A good leader should be ready to accept others´ ideas.A.正确B.错误第10题Ideal leaders are those who are most capable of communicating.A.正确B.错误下一题(11~15/共10题)BPlay00:00…Volume第11题Which of the following is true according to the speaker?A.Joe bought this for her.B.Joe did not have money for shirts and ties.C.Joe had money for shirts, ties and her.D.Joe bought a shirt and a tie.第12题How did the speaker comment on Gerome´s speech?A.Gerome spoke last but not best.B.Gerome spoke last but the best.C.Although last, Gerome spoke fast.D.Gerome spoke at a speech.第13题Which of the following statements is true according to the speaker?A.It will be in orbit on March 15.B.Fleas are infesting the pets.C.Yours is a position of great honour.D.March 15 is the last day to submit a petition.第14题How many people came?A.Only ten people came.B.We expected 10C.Twenty people showed up.D.We expected 20 people to come.第15题Which of the following is true?A.Alex will help you in a half hour, with your English.B.English takes about half my spare time.C.Studying English one half hour per day is good.D.Half the paper was in English.上一题下一题(16~20/共10题)BPlay00:00…Volume第16题Which of the following is true about Gloria?A.Gloria was the manager of a sporting goods store.B.The manager never got a call from Gloria.C.Gloria never got a satisfactory response from the manager.D.The manager was running around the store when Gloria called.第17题What does he want to do?A.He wants to make a business trip.B.He would like to borrow the book next week.C.He would like to have the book by next week.D.He wants to take a business trip next week.第18题When did the James leave?A.The James left that afternoon.B.The James didn´t get away until afternoon.C.The James left in the evening.D.The James were supposed to leave in the evening.第19题Which of the following is tree about Susan?A.Susan needed $ 2B.She was short changed.C.She had $ 2D.Susan lost $ 2第20题What does the speaker suggest doing?A.People should get a reasonable amount of exercise regularly.B.People should moderate the exercise they get.C.People should be in good health before exercising.D.It is important to have good health in this modem age.上一题下一题(21~25/共15题)Part ⅡListen to the following passages and then choose the best answer to each question by blackening the corresponding circle. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to answer the questions satisfactorily. There are three passages in this part, each with five questions. And each question carries two points. You will hear the passages only once.Play00:00…Volume第21题Which of the following seems an unlikely topic over dinner?A.The weather is going to be stormy.B.A child was abused to death by his stepfather.C.Oscar ceremony.D.Family reunion at Christmas.第22题Which of the following is NOT considered bad table manner?A.Smack one´s mouth to show that he enjoys the meal.B.Make a loud sound when one is drinking soup.C.Speak only when one has swallowed the food in his mouth.D.Excuse oneself from dinner table by saying he is going to the toilet.第23题Concerning one´s sitting posture, which of the following is correct?A.One should prop his head with his elbows on the table.B.One should hold an extra napkin.C.One should be upright in his chair.D.One should lean against the back of his chair.第24题Which of the following describes the proper use of one´s hands over dinner?A.One is never allowed to have both hands on dinner table.B.One is allowed to use his recessive hand when he is cutting meat.C.One must keep his dominant hand in his lap.D.One must keep a knife in his recessive hand for cutting.第25题What should one do if he wants to help himself to food on the other side of the table?A.Ask the person sitting close to it to help.B.Stand up and get it.C.Sit where one is, but stretch one´s arms for it.D.Don´t know.上一题下一题(26~30/共15题)Part ⅡListen to the following passages and then choose the best answer to each question by blackening the corresponding circle. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to answer the questions satisfactorily. There are three passages in this part, each with five questions. And each question carries two points. You will hear the passages only once.Play00:00…Volume第26题When did the disaster happen?A.In 1957B.In 1956C.In 1925D.In 1706第27题Where was Andrea Doria going?A.Nantucket.B.New York.C.Stockholm.D.Europe.第28题Which of the following factors did NOT contribute to the sea disaster?A.Andrea Doria was not very far from other ships.B.It was dark and foggy.C.Andrea Doria was going at a fast speed.D.Andrea Doria´s killer had an ice-breaker like bow.第29题How many passengers on board Andrea Doria were rescued?A.All the passengers.B.About 1,650.C.52.D.Not sure.第30题Which of the following is NOT tree of Andrea Doria?A.The ship was luxuriously decorated.B.The ship was carrying several million dollars.C.The ship had some precious sculptures on board.D.The ship has attracted a lot of treasure hunters ever since its sinking.上一题下一题(31~35/共15题)Part ⅡListen to the following passages and then choose the best answer to each question by blackening the corresponding circle. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to answer the questions satisfactorily. There are three passages in this part, each with five questions. And each question carries two points. You will hear the passages only once.Play00:0002:12Volume第31题What are the most prominent features of Cambridge according to the passage?A.Busy, wealthy and intellectual.B.Busy, wealthy and traditional.C.Busy, abstemious and traditional.D.Busy, intellectual and socially deprived.第32题Who made the survey?A.Secretary of State for Health.B.Liverpool.C.Patrick Tate.D.A company named CACI.第33题People seem to think the findings of the survey are ______.A.unbelievableB.confusingC.surprisedD.baffled第34题What seems to be a reasonable explanation for the findings according to the passage?A.Students in Cambridge tend to be heavy smokers.B.Students in Cambridge are poor.C.Students in Cambridge smoke a lot.D.Smoking can help people to concentrate.第35题What conclusion can you reach according to the passage?A.Smoking is usually associated with poverty.B.Smoking is not as unhealthy as it seems.C.Smoking is the students’ best pastime.D.Cambridge ranks No. 1 in smoking in Britain, with an average resident here smoking 25 cigarettes a day.上一题下一题(36~55/共20题)Part ⅢParts of the following text are missing. While listening to the tape, complete the passage by filling in each blank space with an appropriate word or words. There are 20 blanks, each carrying one point. You will hear the passage only once.Play00:00…VolumeEarthquakes often happen near volcanoes, but this is not always true. The centers of some are__36__. The bottom of the sea suddenly__37__. The powerful forces inside the__38__break the rocks. The coast is shaken and great waves appear. These waves travel__39__and rush over the land when they reach it. They are strong enough to__40__houses and other buildings; sometimes they break__41__than the earthquake itself.Very often fires followed the__42__earthquakes. In 1906, the great earthquake at San Francisco broke the gas-pipes. The gas__43__, and soon large numbers of fires were burning in the city. The water-pipes were also__44__; so it was not possible to put the fires out. There was__45__. The Tokyo earthquake of__46__happened just before the middle of the day. People were__47__on their fires at that time. When the ground shook, the fires shook too.__48__were thrown on the different parts of the houses, some of which were__49__. Soon 134 fires were burning in the city. What kind of building__50__in an earthquake? A building with concrete walls is perhaps the best. A__51__will make it even stronger. The frame holds the__52__together, and the walls do not easily fall. There is__53__of fire because concrete and steel do not burn. The Americans__54__the results of the earthquake in San Francisco, and they are convinced that this kind of building is the__55__.第36题第37题第38题第39题第40题第41题第42题第43题第44题第45题第46题第47题第48题第50题第51题第52题第53题第54题第55题上一题下一题(1/1)Part ⅣPlay00:00…Volume第56题Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around 150 words of what you have heard on the ANSWER SHEET. This part of the test carries 30 points. You will hear the passage only once. At the end of the recording, you will have 25 minutes to finish this part.You may need to scribble a few notes to write your summary. __________上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~10/共10题)Part ⅠAPlay00:0002:31Volume[听力原文]For most of us, success and the ability to control our own fate are linked to our ability to lead. Leadership, in fact, is something that concerns everyone. A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position, for example, as the assistant secretary of state or the chief executive officer. Very often people with leadership titles are not necessarily leaders. Parents, spouses, teammates, colleagues, friends, classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire. A teacher can also be as a leader as he or she is a friend. In fact, most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do, and that, in the purest sense of the term, is what leadership is all about. Of course, we can force people to do things for a short period of time, but that is not leadership. A true leader is apt to persuade and influence other people to accept his ideas, to follow him and to take action.So, what is the essence of leadership? Basically, what is required of a true leader? It is communication. Without communication, leadership does not exist. It is impossible to get someone to do something without verbal or nonverbal communication. We rely on communication to manage and motivate. We use communication to resolve conflict and facilitate innovation as well as to negotiate.We may expect our leader to be frank, direct, and to the point. We may also expect that our ideal leader listens, is willing to talk, is open to discussion and constructive suggestions, is receptive to new ideas, and is supportive. But, in most social interactions and economic activities, an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator.Success has something to do with leadership.A.正确B.错误参考答案： A 您的答案：未作答答案解析：词义理解题。

英语笔译实务 3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉(一)Classes at American College

笔译实务3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉（一）英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉（一）Classes at American CollegeThe year at an American college is divided into 2 semesters or 3 quarters. Semesters are 15 weeks; quarters are 10 weeks. American college students usually attend school from September to May. Occasionally their academic pursuits extend into the summer.Students choose their classes a few weeks prior to the start of each term. Universities offer a great many classes in the students’ main area of study and in other areas as well. Students must take both. These include science, mathematics, computer, history and English. Other classes may be just for fun, like dance, theater or sports. Tests usually are given in the middle of the term and at the end. The final examinations are extremely important. In some classes, the professor asks the students to write a research paper or complete a certain task instead of taking a test.Classes usually are organized through lectures. For example, a student may attend 2 or 3 lectures a week by the professor. As many as several hundred students sit at each lecture. Sometimes they also attend a smaller class to ask questions and discuss what the professor1 / 3Unit 12 EN-CH (I) Classes at American Collegesays. These small classes are taught by professor’s assistants. In science classes, students also have a long laboratory class each week.What do American students study at college? The US Department of Education says the most popular area of study is science and management. Next is social science, which encompasses history, sociology, literature, public relations and political science. English is another popular field of study. Then comes computer science and health and life sciences like biology, chemistry and physics. Education is popular, too. Foreign languages are not popular as a main area of study among American college students. However, students at many colleges must study a language other than English before they can graduate. The most popular foreign language is Spanish, followed by French and German.课文词汇semester (每学年分为二学期制度中的)学期quarter (每学年分为三、四学期制度中的)学期参考译文美国大学的课程在美国大学里，一学年常分为两个学期或三修学季。

翻译三级笔译实务-对外交往(Diplomacy)

翻译三级笔译实务-对外交往(Diplomacy)(总分：140.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Ⅰ{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Jefferson believed that governments are, at best, necessary evil.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：杰弗逊认为建立政府总归不是好事，但不建又不行。

2.Jordan cannot politely mm down the invitation to an Arab foreign ministers conference. （分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：约旦若拒绝接受阿拉伯外长会议的邀请，这在礼节上说不过去。

3.Dawn met him well along the way. It was a pleasant uneventful ride（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：拂晓时，他早已上路了，这次旅行很愉快，没有碰到意外事件。

4.He harassed me with condemnations.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：他一个劲儿责怪我，弄得我心烦意乱。

笔译三级实务(综合)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)

笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes.1．Those same politicians are driven by an intent to use the country’s resources to maximum financial benefit, whatever they may be, however treasured and iconic.正确答案：这些同样的政客也受到驱动，想要动用本国资源，使其商业利益最大化——不管这些资源是什么，也不管它们是何等珍贵或是带有地区标志性。

涉及知识点：英译汉2．The challenge for China and other emerging markets is how to meet that demand without destroying both the oil budgets and the quality of the air.正确答案：中国及其他新兴市场所面临的挑战是如何在满足需求的同时，避免过多石油支出，避免污染空气。

涉及知识点：英译汉3．GM’s hydrogen fuel car in China underscores a drive toward going green, company CEO Rick Wagoner says.正确答案：通用汽车总裁Rick Wagoner称，通用在中国市场推出的氢燃料汽车反映了通用公司走环保路线的趋势。

笔译三级综合能力模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)

笔译三级综合能力模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze TestPART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．Pet animals live in millions of American homes. People keep cats, dogs, birds, fish, guinea pigs, mice —______snakes.A．andB．together withC．evenD．but not正确答案：C解析：词义辨析选项A．and同，和，与；B．together with(副词)和，加之；C．even(副词)[加强语气]甚至……也，连……都，即使；D．but not但不是，但不包括；本句意为：数百万美国家庭里都养有宠物。

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(10)

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（10）(1/1)Section ⅠEnglish Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese .第1题OxfordWhen language learners arrive in Oxford, many ask where the university is, thinking that they will be shown just one building. It´s up to their teachers to explain that Oxford university is made up of a collection of many different colleges and institutions, each with its own history and characteristics.There are many other surprises that learners discover about the city and its university. Katie Jennings is a social organizer at King´s St Joseph´s Hall in East Oxford, and it is her job to organize activities for learners outside of lesson time. She says many learners are surprised to discover that Oxford is a home to a wide variety of nationalities and ethnic groups, and one of the most popular social events is a night out at one of the town´s Latin American dance clubs. After a day spent learning English and absorbing the ancient atmosphere of the university, learners can samba the night away.The city also has a thriving Asian community, and the sight of women in saris is as common in Oxford´s streets as academics in gowns and mortarboards. There is also a mouth-watering selection of Asian restaurants serving curries, as well as shops stocked with exotic vegetables and fruits.The city has attracted such a diverse population not only because of the university, but also because it is an important industrial centre which is known for car manufacturing among other things. In spite of large industrial areas, the old of the city centre has remained surprisingly intact. Carmel Engin, who teaches at the Lake School, says many learners are surprised to find that the city is free from the usual high-rise modem buildings. "From the centre of Oxford, you can see green hills in the distance, and this will make learners deeply feel that they are in a small, friendly town, but not just another modem metropolis.Some learners will be tempted to explore those green hills—Oxford is surrounded by some of the most beautiful countryside in southem England—but, as Engin admits, with so much to do and see in the city, few learners find the time to explore its surroundings.Oxford has developed some imaginative initiatives for language learners. One is a local radio station which broadcasts news and provides information for learners. They can visit the station to get experience in radio production. Or they can meet university students in pubs and clubs or at one of the many campus sports facilities which are open to language learners. _____下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following passage into English .第2题我们污染了空气清洁的空气对于健康是至关重要。

翻译三级口译实务模拟12_真题-无答案

翻译三级口译实务模拟12(总分80,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ1. Reporter：Mr.Vice Minister, could you brief us on Shanghai"s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition?王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。

国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济，文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。

世博会向各地人民提供一个相识，共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播，发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。

Reporter：Then，do you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply?王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。

如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。

Reporter：I"ve just read an article in the New York Times that says "Shanghai is bulldozing away its past"，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses in order to turn the city into a modem one．The criticism is that the city’s m odernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relics．How would you react to that?王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。

20年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。

catti三级笔译模拟试题(12)

【英译汉】September is more than a month, really; it is a season, an achievement in itself. It begins with August's leftovers and it ends with October's preparations, but along the way it achieves special satisfactions. After summer's heat and haste, the year consolidates itself. Deliberate September--in its own time and tempo -- begins to sum up another summer.We think of spring as the miracle time, when opening bud and new leaf proclaim the persistence of life. But September is when the abiding wonder makes itself known in a subtler way. Now growth comes to annual fruition and preparations are completed for another year, another generation. The acorn ripens and the hickory nut matures.The plant commits its future to the seed and the root. The insect stows tomorrow in the egg and the pupa. The surge is almost over and life begins to relax.【参考译文】真的, 九月不仅是一个月, 她是一个季节, 本身就是收获。

英语笔译实务 3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉(二) It Takes Years to Learn English Well

笔译实务3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉（二）英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十二单元英译汉（二）It Takes Years to Learn English WellConfucius said, “Since the age of 15, I have devoted myself to learning; since 30, I have been well established; since 40, I have understood many things and have no longer been confused; since 50, I have known my heaven-sent duty; since 60, I have been able to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words; and since 70, I have been able to do what I intend freely without breaking the rules.”The average life expectancy at the Spring and Autumn Periods and Warring States Periods was, according to some research, about 19 years. Confucius lived 72 to 73 years, a rare god of longevity indeed. It was even hard for those with power and leisure to reach such an age. Therefore, Confucius could be very well learned, far from what an ordinary person could expect at his times.The latest statistics in 2001 shows that the world life expectancy is 62.2 with the Japanese taking the lead to be 79.66 while China gaining a position surpassing all developing countries by its 69.98. However, the Chinese have not yet reached the age to do what they intend freely without breaking the rules. Thus, rules are hard not to be broken.1 / 3Unit 12 EN-CH (II) Americans Wi th Bad Habits Claim “Excellent” Health Calculated in the terms Confucius set for us in learning, those of us who have been learning English for ten years still have a long way to go before reaching the time to be established. To have no confusion, one has to spend 25 years. To truly understand the purpose of English learning, one has to do it for 35 years. It takes 45 years if one wants to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words, and 55 years to manipulate English language freely without breaking the rules.课文词汇Confucius 孔子，孔丘expectancy 期望；期望值longevity 长寿；长命manipulate 操作；操纵；运用参考译文学好英语要多少年？子曰：“吾十有五而有志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不愈矩。

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[模拟] 翻译三级笔译实务模拟12Section ⅠEnglish Chinese Translation Translate the following two passages into Chinese .第1题：Acid rain, is a form of air pollution, currently a subject of great controversy because of widespread environmental damage for which it has been blamed. It forms when oxides of sulfur and nitrogen combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids, which may then be carded long distances from their source before they are deposited by rain. The pollution many also take the form of snow or fog or be precipitated in dry forms. In fact, although the term "acid rain" has been in use for more than a century — it is derived from atmospheric studies that were made in the region of Manchester, England — the more accurate scientific term would be "acid deposition." The dry form of such precipitation is just as damaging as the liquid form, especially to trees and structures. Furthermore, some of the pollutants also associated with acid rain are not themselves acidic.The problem of acid rain may be said to have originated with the Industrial Revolution, and it has been growing ever since. The severity of its effects has long been recognized in local settings, as exemplified by the spells of acid smog in heavily industrialized areas. The wide destructiveness of acid rain, however, has come to be realized only in recent decades. One large area that has been studied extensively is northern Europe, where acid rain has eroded structures, injured crops and forests, and threatened or depletedlife in freshwater lakes. In 1983, for example, published reports indicated that 34 percent of the forested areas of West Germany had been damaged by acid rain. The northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada have also been affected by this form of pollution, and other areas of the two countries are also showing increasing signs of damages, as are other regions of the world.Industrial emissions have been blamed as the major cause of acid rain. Because the chemical reactions involved in the production of acid rain in the atmosphere are complex and as yet little understood, industries have tended to challenge such assessments and to stress the need for further studies; and because of the cost of pollution reduction, governments have tended to support this attitude. Studies released by the U.S. government in the early 1980s, however, strongly implicated industries as the main source of acid rain._____________参考答案：酸雨是一种空气污染，正引起激烈的争论，因为人们把广泛的环境破坏归咎于酸雨。

酸雨是这样形成的：硫和氮的氧化物与空气中的水蒸气相结合而产生硫酸和硝酸，硫酸和硝酸可以在空气中漂浮到距离产生地很远的地方，然后随雨水落下。

污染物可能采取雪或雾的形式，也可能以干燥的形式落下。

其实，“酸雨”一词虽已用了一个多世纪——这个词是从英国曼彻斯特地区进行的大气研究工作中产生的——更为精确的科学术语应当是“酸降”。

这种以干燥的形式和液体形式落下的东西具有同样的破坏力，对树木和建筑物来说尤其是这样。

此外，有些与酸雨有关的污染物本身并无酸性。

酸雨问题可以说起源于工业革命，从那时起就越来越严重。

酸雨的严重性，在局部地区早就为人们所认识，工业化程度较高的地区不时出现的酸性烟雾就是明证。

然而，酸雨具有广泛的破坏性，只是在近几十年才为人们所认识。

曾在一片很大的地区进行广泛的研究，那就是北欧。

在那里，酸雨腐蚀了建筑物，损害了农作物和林木，危及甚至已经灭绝了淡水湖泊里的生物。

例如，有公开发表的报告说，1983年西德森林覆盖的地方，有34％受到酸雨的破坏。

美国东北部和加拿大东部地区也都受到这种污染，两国的其它地区也有迹象受到日益严重破坏的迹象，世界上其它地区也是这种情况。

人们认为工业废气是产生酸雨的主要原因。

由于在大气层形成酸雨所涉及的化学作用是复杂的，而且人们至今知之甚少，工业部门对上述评价一直持有异议，并强调需作进一步的研究。

同时由于减轻污染耗资巨大，政府部门也一向支持这种态度。

然而美国政府于二十世纪八十年代初发表的研究报告强调指出工业部门是产生酸雨的主要来源。

详细解答：[采分点解析] 1．acid rain [分析] 基本素质采分点。

acid rain直接按照字面意思译成“酸雨”即可。

2．It forms when oxides of sulfur and nitrogen combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids, which may then be carded long distances from their source before they are deposited by rain. 酸雨是这样形成的：硫和氮的氧化物与空气中的水蒸气相结合而产生硫酸和硝酸，硫酸和硝酸可以在空气中漂浮到距离产生地很远的地方，然后随雨水落下。

[分析] 理解结构采分点。

原句是个复合句，在翻译成汉语时，采用断句的方法。

It forms可以翻译成“它是这样形成的”，后面接着详细列出。

Which引导的非限定性定语从句可以单独翻译，which所代的先行词要译出：硫酸和硝酸可以在空气中漂浮到距离产生地很远的地方。

从句before they are deposited by rain不翻译成状语从句，连词也不译成“在……之前”，这不符合汉语习惯，考虑与句子前半部分的连贯，译成“然后随雨水落下”。

在选词上应该注意：不译成moisture“潮湿，湿度”；source不译成“根源”；deposit“堆积，沉淀”，指通过雨来进行沉淀，译成“降下酸雨”。

oxides of sulfur and nitrogen属于基本素质采分点，译成“硫和氮的氧化物”。

Oxide：氧化物。

Sulfur：硫磺，Nitrogent：氮。

3．The pollution may also take the form of snow or fog or be precipitated in dry forms. 污染物可能采取雪或雾的形式，也可能以干燥的形式落下。

[分析] 选词用词采分点。

precipitate指“沉淀，猛地落下”。

这里也是指以干燥的形式降落到地面上。

4．Furthermore, some of the pollutantsalso associated with acid rain are not themselves acidic. 此外，有些与酸雨有关的污染物本身并无酸性。