2021上海高三英语一模分类汇编：11选10专题
2024上海市高三英语一模各区《11选10》分类汇编
2024届上海高三英语一模分类汇编11选101.2024届宝山区高三英语一模Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.invaluableB.roughlyC.satisfyingD.distractionE.simplyF.advantageG.reasonableH.performedI.scheduleJ.plannedK.excellencePeople tend to think that productivity involves doing several things at once,but according to Cal Newport,the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking.Newport is the author of Deep Work,a book that describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with31.Newport defines deep work as"the ability to focus without32on a cognitively(认知地) demanding task."It's the opposite of shallow work,which is made up of simple tasks that are usually33while distracted.According to Newport,deep work is a(n)34skill in today's economy.It allows you to learn difficult things quickly and produce at a high level.Most people are distracted when they work,so you learn to work without distraction,that gives you35.Deep work enables you to produce to the best of your ability and acquire new skills quickly.Developing excellence in one's craft can be a deeply36try.But deep work itself is also a skill,which means the more time you spend at it,the easier it gets.Moreover,if you only work at a shallow level,your ability to do deep work decreases.So how do you conduct deep work into your work life or your studies?It's essentially important to37deep work into your day.Otherwise,it's easy to let your time fill up with shallow work.Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day.That way you get it done before distractions build up.Shallow work does need to get done,but if you save it for later in the day,you can get your deep work done,too.Scheduling deep work sessions for the same time every day can turn them into a habit.This makes it easier to spend time on them.Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding,you won't be able to do it all day. Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for38an hour,and even experts have trouble going more than four hours.So set39goals for yourself.If you really focus,you'll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.By focusing on40sessions of deep work,you can get more done in less time and feel more satisfied.2.2024届崇明区高三英语一模Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.B.anticipatingC.digitallyD.facilitatingE.geometryF.giant advantageI.potentially J.reopened K.soughtG.initiated H.painstakinglyHow Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame,the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.Since then,people from around the world have united to support an effort,31by French President,that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year.Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have32to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood(橡木)and stone that have stood the test of centuries.But the builders,architects and engineers do have the33of some21st century technologies,including modern building information modeling(BIM)software that enables them t o w o r k w i t h a(n) 34detailed3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site,backed by powerful cloud computing technology.“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together,how it’s constructed,”says Andrew Anagnost,CEO of design software35Autodesk.It has contributed technical consulting,software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire.A digital model,which took more than a year to create,includes more than12,000objects.It was a complex process.Onsite workers captured the point-by-point3D36of the cathedral with laser(激光)and photo equipment.Then,others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects,down to individual building stones.That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire—important for37any stability issues—and plan out the process of reconstruction.“It’s like Mission:Impossible when they plan,”says Nicolas Mangon,VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk.“Every little piece is done38, and with the3D model you can simulate(模拟)everything.”Even when the cathedral is39,the model may still serve important roles.Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward,40using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.3.2024届虹口区高三英语一模Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.arrivesB.observableC.boundlessD.containedE.distancingF.expansionG.liesH.parallelI.perceivingJ.threadsK.volumeWhat Comes After Space?Looking at a clear night sky,you witness the vastness of space,which holds everything humans know to exist.To find out what31beyond,a good place to start is to determine where the universe ends.However,the problem is that scientists are uncertain about where space ends or whether it ends at all.The32universeThe furthest humans can see out into space,using all the technology currently available to us,is46billion light-years(a light-year is the distance that light can travel in one year,and is equivalent to about9.5million million kilometres).The33of space that humans can see is called the visible universe.Beyond this,it remains a mystery whether it’s an expanse of more galaxies and stars or possibly the edge of the universe.Some think that the universe is34, meaning space goes on forever in every direction.In this case,there is nothing after space, because space is everything.Moving further awayExperts have captured images of the entire Earth from space,and some astronauts have personally witnessed its beauty from orbit.Perhaps35the limits of the universe would alsobe possible too,if only humans knew where to go to look for it.Another challenge is the universe’s rapid36.As galaxies move further away,their light takes longer to reach us.Eventually,some galaxies may be so distant that their light never37. This might imply that any edge—and whatever is on the other side—is increasingly38 itself from us.Regardless of these uncertainties,scientists still spend a lot of time thinking about what comes after space.Many universes?It’s possible that there isn’t just one universe,and that our universe is just one small part of a “multiverse”.Perhaps our universe is39within its own distinct region of space,separated from others by vast expanses of nothingness.Or maybe40universes exist,pressed tightly against each other.Getting an idea of the universe’s true shape may help astronomers find out whether it has an edge.What comes after that could be an even great mystery.参考答案：31-40GBKCI FAEDH4.2024届黄浦区高三英语一模Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.airflowsB.blockC.challengesD.coolE.criticallyF.disproportionatelyG.principlesH.reducesI.sensitiveJ.site-specificK.stretchesSkywellA skywell,or“tian jin”,as it is commonly called,is a typical feature of atraditional home in southern and eastern China.Skywells were designed toreduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed.Whenwind blows above a skywell house,it can enter the indoor space through theopening.Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air,the incomingwind travels down the walls to the lower stories and creates__31__byreplacing warmer indoor air,which rises and leaves through the opening.The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light,improve ventilation(通风)and harvest rainwater.In Huizhou,a skywell is small but tall,and the rooms around it__32__out sunlight on hot days,enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool.Meanwhile,hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell.Architects are now looking towards the__33__behindskywells while designing new buildings to save energy.Oneexample is the National Heavy Vehicle EngineeringTechnology Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city ofJinan.The18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant inner skywell in the middle,which__34__from the fifth to the top floor.The elevators,toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around this channel,which helps improve the lighting and ventilation and__35__the overall energy consumption.Ancient“green wisdom”such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in methods that depend on design and technology to__36__a building without the use of power.However,there are some__37__for bringing skywells into modern designs.The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting,ventilation and rain collection are well known,but applying these methods needs to be__38__.Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features,which were__39__dependent on their natural surroundings,adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be__40__to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as a universal solution.参考答案：31-35ABGKH36-40DCJEI5.2024届金山区高三英语一模Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Unlocking The Vatican MuseumsGianni Crea has,almost every morning for the past decade,unlocked the doors to the Vatican Museums.He has seen the splendor of the Sistine Chapel and admired the textures of ancient Egypt.“Yes,I’m a key keeper.But the doors I open are the ones to the history of art,and it’s here that exists the biggest and most beautiful history in the world,”says Crea.The Vatican Museums have(31)______collections since the15th century,including tens of thousands of artworks and artifacts spanning prehistory to modern times.The most(32)______ one of them,according to Crea,is Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel.He recalls being(33)______ with emotion the first time he accompanied the former head key keeper to open the chapel more than20years ago.Since then,he’s witnessed people of all faiths(34)______at the chapel’s loveliness,something the church believes is increasingly vital during these unsettled times.“In the difficult current context the world is experiencing,in which sadness and(35)______ seem to have the upper hand,art is more necessary than ever,because beauty is always a source of joy,”Pope Francis said last year.There is also(36)______scientific evidence to support this view.A2019WHO analysis revealed that artistic and cultural activities(37)______physical and psychological health.In fall 2022,physicians at Brussels’hospitals partnered with the city to launch a six-month(38)______ study examining the benefits of“museum prescriptions as supplemental treatment for stress, burnout,and anxiety”.It’s the first investigation of its kind in Europe and is expected to have(39) ______effects across the continent.And in the wake of the pandemic(疫情),which forced the Vatican Museums to close three times between2020and2021,there’s a growing movement for wider and easier access to the arts for people’s well-being.“The Vatican Museums must open their doors to people from all over the world,as a(n)(40)______of dialogue between cultures and religions,”Pope Francis wrote in his2015publication.“Everyone can find something beautiful and moving here,”says Crea,who always welcomes travelers from around the world to accompany him during his morning routine on select dates.“The Vatican Museums will give you an understanding of art and history regardless of your faith.”参考答案：31~40AKBED CHIGF6.2024届静安区高三英语一模Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.smoothingB.remainC.switchedD.likelihoodE.impactF.tipG.broadlyH.headedI.boomingJ.positioningK.reliablySea-level rise predictionsA team of University of Idaho scientists is studying a fast-moving glacier in Alaska in hopes of developing better predictions on how quickly global sea levels will rise.Tim Bartholomaus,a professor in the Department of Geography and Geological Sciences, spent several weeks on Turner Glacier in Alaska's southeastern31near Disenchantment Bay.The glacier is unique because,unlike other glaciers,it rises greatly every five to eight years.A surging glacier is defined,32,as one that starts flowing at least10times faster than normal.But the how and why of that glacial movement is poorly understood,although recent research suggests that global climate change increases the33of glacial surging.During Turner's surges,the mass of ice and rock will increase its speed from roughly3feet a day to65feet per day.All of that is important because glaciers falling into the ocean are a major contributor to sea level rise,and current climate change models don't34account for these movements.For example,Greenland's glaciers are one of the leading contributors to global sea-level rise.Since the early2000s,Greenland35from not having any effect on world sea levels,to increasing sea level by about1millimeter per year.Half of that yearly increase is due to warmer average temperatures,which leads to more ice melting.The other half,however,is because glaciers in Greenland are,as a whole,moving faster and running into the ocean more frequently.Glacial movement has something to do with water running underneath the glacier.Glaciers are full of holes,and water runs through those holes.When the water pressure is high underneath a glacier,it starts to move,partly because it's lifting the mass of ice and rock off the ground and partly because it's36the underside of the glacier.But how exactly does that water move through the glacier,and how does the movement37 the glacier’s speed?Those are the questions the scientists hope to answer.Bartholomaus,some graduate students and researchers from Boise State University,38 onto the ice in August.They set up a base camp at the toe of the glacier and spent their days flying in on helicopters.They placed roughly30instruments,burying them deeply into the glacier and 39them on rock outcroppings(露岩)alongside the glacier.This summer the team will return to get the instruments and replace batteries.Those instruments will40on and around the glacier until the glacier surge stops,providing researchers with before and after data.参考答案：31-35FGDKC36-40AEHJB7.2024届闵行区高三英语一模Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.mineB.criteriaC.catalogedD.candidateE.delayF.anticipatingprisedH.perceivingI.initiativepoundsK.unfavorableWhat Lies Beneath“Earth”has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun.After all, an alien(外星人)examining it through a telescope would note that two-thirds of its surface is 31not of land but of oceans of water.Marine biologists think the oceans might host more than2,000,000species of marine animals,of which they have so far32perhaps a tenth.A new33hopes to change this.Smoothly launched in London on April27th,Ocean Census(海洋普查)aims to discover100,000new species of marine animal over the coming decade.The attempt is happening now for two reasons.One is that,the longer scientists34,the fewer there will be to document.Climate change is heating the oceans,as well as making them more acidic as carbon dioxide is absorbed into the water.The second one is technological.Marine biologists discover about2,000new species a year, a rate hardly changed since Darwin’s day.Ocean Census is35it can go faster.“Cyber taxonomy (网络分类学)”,for instance,involves feeding animal DNA information into computers,which can quickly decide whether it meets the36for a new species.Exactly what the new effort might turn up,of course,is impossible to forecast.But history suggests it will be fruitful.Half a century ago scientists detected hot openings on the sea bed that were home to organisms living happily in conditions that,until then,had been thought37to life.These days,such openings are one credible38for the origin of all life on Earth.More practical benefits can’t be ignored.Many drugs,for example,come originally from biological39.An ocean full of unrecorded life will almost certainly prove a rich seam(矿层)from which to40more.To help make use of its data,Ocean Census plans to make it attainable to scientists and the public without charge,who will be able to search it for anything valuable or unexpected.参考答案：31-40GCIEF BKDJA8.2024届青浦区高三英语一模Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Magical Creatures:AN APPRECIATION OF AUTUMN MOTH(蛾) Moths seem to have a bit of a bad reputation:to some they are ill indications or something scary,to others they are dull in comparison to our well-loved butterflies.But moths are an essential part of a(n)__31__,and important food sources for species like birds and bats.And for me,moths are far from dull.My first meeting with an Angle Shades moth was nearly a non-encounter.I almost passed by without noticing it,thinking it was a fallen leaf on a fence post.But there was something about it that stopped me in my tracks.Its angular shape perhaps?Or the way it sat,__32__,despite the breeze.Closer__33__revealed cream and buff shell-shaped wings,painted with triangles of light pink and brown.Suddenly,it transformed from a(n)__34__leaf into a living thing before my eyes. I’ve been fascinated ever since.The Canary-shouldered Thorn,with its hairy buttercup-coloured body and yellow and orange wings,reminds me of a fallen silver birch(白桦树)leaf.A night-flyer,it favours gardens and woodlands,and is often drawn to__35__light,meaning that your torch beam may be attracting moths as well as lighting your way in the dark.It’s also worth double-checking any leaves in farm houses,as these sheltered spots are a favourite hiding place of another overwintering__36__:the Herald moth.This elegant creature’s beautiful wings look as though they’ve been__37__by hand and painted with bronze.There’s more to these imitators than fallen leaves.The Green-spotted Crescent,which __38__disappears on rough branches,has metallic green spots integrating with the moss(苔藓). Maybe I’ve already__39__crossed paths with one,though.As we dig out our big coats and slip on boots for walks beneath branches,how many moths are we missing?These clever creatures aren’t bad indications,but__40__parts of nature,with a gift for fancy-dress.参考答案：31-40C I K H D J A G B E9.2024届松江区高三英语一模Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.attractive B.bothered C.building D.contrastsE.crossedF.demonstratesG.dramaticallyH.greyedI.instrumental J.sustaining K.vividlyA Review on OppenheimerOppenheimer is Christopher Nolan's film about J.Robert Oppenheimer,the man known as "the father of the atomic(原子的)bomb".As a drama about genius,pride and error,it ___31___the life of the American theoretical physicist who helped research and develop the two atomic bombs that were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki,two cities in Japan,during World War II.Oppenheimer is a great achievement,partly because it___32___relates that period of history thanks to Nolan's lifelike filmmaking.Nolan goes deep and long on the___33____of the bomb, but he doesn't restage the attacks and there are no documentary images of the dead or cities in ashes.The story tracks Oppenheimer across decades,starting in the1920s with him as a young adult and continuing until his hair___34___.The film touches on his personal and professional milestones,the controversies that___35___him,and the attacks that nearly ruined him. Besides,the friendships and romances___36___him,yet also troubling,are also described.The path of Oppenheimer's life___37___shifted at Berkeley.He was once only an academic there,but his identity changed after Germany entered Poland by force.By that time, Oppenheimer had become friends with Emest Lawrence,a physicist who invented the historic particle accelerator(粒子加速器)and played a(n)___38___role in the Manhattan Project.And Oppenheimer also met the project's military head and was then made director of Los Alamos, where much of his later research on nuclear weapons took place.Francois Truffaut once wrote that"war films,even those who support peace,even the best, willingly or not,present wars in a certain___39___way.”That is why Nolan refuses to show the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki,killing millions of souls.In the film,you hear that Oppenheimer's famous words___40___his own mind as the mushroom cloud rose:“Now I am become Death,the destroyer of worlds."Nolan is actually reminding audience to reconsider the roles they can play in the world.参考答案：31-40FKCHB JGIAE10.2024届徐汇区高三英语一模Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.attractionB.waitingC.mysteryD.uniqueE.simplyF.originallyG.stable H.popularity I.donating J.searching K.interfereThere’s a rarely-visited,dusty corner of the world where something magical happens.The place,which looks like Mars with its red rock landscape,is the Tatacoa Desert,in Colombia.Tatacoa is located in the region of Huila,south of the country’s capital Bogotá.Although Tatacoa,with its protruding cacti and red rippled rocks,is called a desert,it is in fact a dry tropical forest.But the exciting,and very(31)_______,feature of this desert,is what happens above it,at night.Thanks to its remote location–it’s almost30miles and an hour’s drive over bumpy winding roads to the nearest town–Tatacoa has no light pollution to(32)_______with the night sky.Up to88constellations(星座)are visible on a clear night,as well as both hemispheres–something that happens nowhere else in the world.The warm and dry climate helps with stargazing;a(33)_______atmosphere,which happens in dry spots or places of high elevation,decreases something called scintillation,which is when a star’s light rises and falls rapidly.It’s why stars twinkle,which looks beautiful but isn’t so great for astronomers.Not only is Tatacoa a natural wonder,but the DIY observatory that’s run by a Colombian man named Javier Fernanda Rua Restrepo has become a star(34)_______too.In fact,this humble building attracts stargazers from all over the world,from China to Iceland to Australia.And Restrepo has also become well-known in astronomer circles,with a few scientists(35)_______ their own telescopes to support the grassroots observatory.The Colombian,who is(36)_______from Cali,fell in love with the stars thanks to his father’s interest in astronomy and science,and first visited Tatacoa in1997,to try to see the Comet Hale-Bopp.He stayed for a couple of days before heading back to his hometown.But within a month,he returned to Tatacoa–and never left,camping out for weeks on end(37) _______for the night to come so that he could watch the stars.At first Restrepo had worked at the Colombian government’s observatory,which he helped staff for15years.But after budget cuts meant he lost his job,he figured he would(38)_______ build his own.In2015,Restrepo opened the doors to his observatory–Tatacoa Astronomia–with just one telescope.Now,as Colombia has grown in(39)_______as a tourist destination,hundreds flock to Restrepo’s star party,which he holds once a year in July.Tatacoa Astronomia is only open on starry nights,and Restrepo remains the sole employee. But that doesn’t distract from the intimacy and the specialness of the place.The structure sits on a small patch of land that Restrepo bought himself,and is cordoned（隔离）off by tarpaulin（油布）to add an extra sense of(40)_______and intrigue（阴谋）for visitors.“The stars…they put my life into its tiny perspective,”he says,“and they constantly remind me there are greater things out there.”11.2024届杨浦区高三英语一模Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.normallyB.boostC.sustainD.gainsE.assessingF.substantiallyG.effortsH.mixedI.surprisingJ.anticipateK.assignedYour Social-Media Detoxes（脱瘾治疗）Probably Aren’t Helping YouWe’ve all heard the supposed benefits of unplugging from digital devices,even for24hours.Such breaks are said to(31)_________self-confidence,reduce social competitiveness and fears of missing out,and make room for more-enriching, in-person interactions.Yet studies exploring those effects have produced(32) ________results.So a global research team set out to systematically test the idea that social media detoxing delivers meaningful psychological(33)_________.The researchers recruited600undergraduate students in three places:the United States,the United Kingdom,and Hong Kong.All participants were randomly (34)_________to keep away from social media on either the first or the second day of a two-day experiment.On the other day,they were to interact with digital platforms as they(35)________would.Each evening they answered survey questions aimed at(36)________various aspects of well-being.Contrary to the researchers’expectations,the one-day detox made no noticeable impact on positive or negative emotions,self-confidence,or daily satisfaction.When it did have an effect,it decreased daily satisfaction and social relatedness,although the changes were not significant once the analysis was adjusted to control for gender.Just as(37) _________,people didn’t use the time freed up from looking at screens for other forms of socializing.In fact,they reported(38)________lower levels of face-to-face, phone,and email interactions on their detoxing days.Even short social-media breaks can be hard to(39)_______—indeed,only half the participants in the experiment did what was required and these results suggest that they may not be worth the(40)_______.“We did not find any evidence that social media detoxing for one day had significant positive impacts on psychological well-being,”the researchers write.12.2024届长宁区高三英语一模Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.objectedB.choicesC.inequalitybinationE.paidF.respondG.personalityH.fadeI.reduceJ.inheritedK.environmentalWhat makes us happy?You probably know the type of personality in some people:they seem to be hopeful in almost everything.Are they simply born happy?Is it the product of their environment?Or does it come from their life decisions?If you are familiar with genetics research,you will have guessed that it is a31 of all three.A2018study of1516Norwegian twins suggests that around30%of the differences in people’s life satisfaction is32.Much of this seems to be related to personality traits.To put this in context,the heritability of IQ is thought to be around80%,so33 factors clearly play a role in our happiness.These include our physical health,the size and strength of our social network,job opportunities and income.It seems that the absolute value of our salary matters less than whether we feel richer than those around us,which may explain why the level of34predicts happiness better than GDP.Interestingly,many important life35have only a little influence on our happiness.Consider marriage.A2019study found that,on average,life satisfaction does rise after the wedding,but the feeling of happiness tends to36over middle age.Parenthood is even more complex.For decades,social scientists have found that people with children at home are significantly less happy than those without.More recent research,however, suggests that there are important regional differences.Analyses show that these differences can be almost completely explained by variations in 37parental leave,flexible working hours,affordable childcare and holiday leave,which together38the potential for work-family conflict.The effects of these policies may play out across generations.In addition to the legacy of their genes,parents’own emotional well-being will influence the family vigour,which will,in turn,shape the39of their children.Our life satisfaction,then,is shaped by our genes,health,economic prospects,relationships and the culture around us.While many of these things may be beyond your control,there is now good evidence that certain psychological strategies will help you to40to your circumstances in the happiest way possible.。
2021届上海徐汇区高三英语一模试题(含答案及听力文稿)
2020学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷答案及听力文稿L Listening Comprehension1-5 CCBDA 6-10ABADD11.11-13 BCB 14-16 ABC 17-20 CACDIL Grammar and vocabulary21 ・ are overlooked 22. more active 23. which 24. unless 25. focused26. instead of/rather than 27. what 2& when 29. interacting 30. but31-35 K F J A G 36-40H D I B CIII.Reading Comprehension41-45 CACAB 46-50 BDDCA 51-55 BCADB56-58 CBB 59-62 ACCD 63-66 CAAD67-70 CFDAIV.Summary WritingThere are two no-cost ways to help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep・ Resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. By reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. In addition, sleep is also important for learning and forming memories・V.Translation72. Can't a developins country host a world expo?1 0.5 1 0.573. Today I will do what others won t do so tomorrow I can accomplish what others caift.1.5 0.5 174.There is no doubt that (Undoubtedly.) ourtop priori^ righl now is to send food and medical supplies1 1 1to 山c disasZhit/slrickcn area・175.Whatever you arc good at, you will make true friends as long as you arc sincere, arc ready / willing to1 1 1 1help others and have a sense of humor.1VL Guided WritingL Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections：In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations benveen two speakers. At the end of each conversation. a question will he asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once・ After you hear a conversation and the question about read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Mike, Frn afraid we've got a problem. We can't afford the rent this month. I guess I d better ask Mon andDad for a loan. or ask my boss for a raise・M:WelL yeah. It's a problem. But maybe I d better not take anotlier English course this semester.Q:What problem are they talking about? C2.M: Til have these shirts. Please tell me how much I owe you.W:They are 10 dollars each, and 5 make a total of 50 dollars. But today we offer a 10% discount.Q:How much does the man have to pay? C3.M： Congratulations. You've done a great job and I must say you deserve that grade.W: Well, I really studied hard for that test for over three months・ Now, I can relax for a while・Q: Why is the woman so happy? B4.M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. If you want to go sightseeing, take a bus・W: Actually, I don't have to be at die conference before noon.Q: What will the woman probably do? D5.W: How was your interview?M: I couldn't feel better about it. I seemed to find answers for all the questions.Q: How does the man feel about the interview? A6.W: I read in the newspaper that the movie you recommended is excellent.M: Fve also read some negative reviews.Q: What can be learned from the conversation? A7.W: The work you've done on your house is certainly impressive»Mr. Stone・How long have you beenworking on it?M: I first became interested m DIY several years ago. Fve worked on my house every now and then for almosta year now. You know, paying workmen to do it is not in my budget.Q:What do we learn about Mr. Stone? B& M: What is Mr. Milson going to do with his old house on Wellington Street? Rent it or sell it?W: He said he is thinkuig of tiirmiig it into a hotel, which isn't a bad idea, because it's still a solid building ・Q: What will Mr. Milson do with his old house?9.W: Donald said he got A s in all his tests.M: Nancy, you should know better than to take Donalds words too seriously.Q: What does the man imply? D10.M: How do you like Professor Thatcher^s course on the History of Philosophy? He is a distinguished scholaron that subject.W: He is a great teacher. But I'm having a hard time with the readmg list. I feel I can’t e\*er finish it.Q: What problem does the woman have with the course? DSection BDirections：In Section B. you will hear several longer conversations and short passages., and you will he asked several questions on each of the conversation(s・ and the passage(s.・ The conversations・ and the passage(s. will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music・The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are tnily wild ・-wild monkeys to be exact.Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild macaque monkeys・The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the coronavinis crisis・The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too・ They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them・M We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive；1 said Barton, 59、a long-time Thailand resident.Barton has played at four sites in Lopburi, including at an ancient Hindu temple, a store and an old movie theater・The macaques quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's FUr Elise and Michael Nyman’s Diary of Love・ Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But. Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers・H I was surprised to play the piano and find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.MBut. he added. H I wasn’t going to let those things distract from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful macaques.MBarton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys1 hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music・"I l’s possible that the music can play a part of the recovery process/ he said・Questions:11 ・ What's the problem with those monkeys in Thailand?12.What was the monkey's reaction to Mr. Barton's performance?13.What's the purpose of Mr. Barton's perforniaiice to the monkeys?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal abuse by other children, such as unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called "the silent treatment'5, can harm development m the bram.The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. They studied young adults, ages 18 to 25. These young men and women had no experience with domestic violence, physically or verbally, by their parents・The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children・ Tlien the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the individuals who reported suffering verbal abuse from their peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain.The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers. This was the area that was underdeveloped ・The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing・So. unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period had the greatest effect.The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of individuals had higher levels of fear, depression. anger and drug abuse than others in the study・The researchers published their findings online, pointing out that we cannot control what other people say to our children, but we can prepare them. A website called suggests 64 things that all children need to hear, such as "You are creativeZ1 Or Ttn really proud of you/Questions:14.What kind of young people are selected as subjects in the research?15.What may a person suffer from being exposed in verbal abuse in childhood?16.What are teachers and parents supposed to do after learning from the findings?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation・W: Thanks for coming with me to the Placement Center, Ali.M: Don t mention it. It's nice to have your con^>aiiy. Besides, I need to find a summer job here in Los Angeles, too!W: What kind of job are you looking for, Ali?M: I m hopmg to find one in my major, public health.W: I m sure you can. Do you have any experience in public health?M: Yes, I do. I worked part-time in a lab in Maryland last summer.W: That's great? I want to find a job writing for a local newspaper. I d like to be a reporter. M: Your major's journalism, isn't it?W: Uh-huh. I had a great job last summer when I was in Mexico City.M: Really? What did you do?W: I worked part-tune for Excelsior. It5s tlie biggest newspaper in Mexico.M: What did you do there?W: I wrote local news stories, you know, news about Mexico City. But someday I want to write international news stories・ Then I can travel around the world and find out what people are like in other places, such as China and Japan・M: Tliat sounds wonderfill. Fm sure you can do it.W: Are there any jobs in public health on the bulletin board?M: No, I don't see anything mteresting.W: you should try looking on the web. There are some great job sites. That’s how I foimd the job m Mexico City. M: Tliat a good idea. Do I search for public health" ?W: Try "jobs ill public health'5 or the name of specific jobs. I searched for ^newspaper reporter：M: Til go to the computer lab right now and try that! See you later.17.Where are the two speakers?18.What's the boy's major in college?19.What’s the girfs purpose of being an international journalist?20.How did the girl get her part-time job last summer?。
2021年上海中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2021年上海中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Truly Unique Canadian Camping ExperiencesMount Robson Provincial Park,British ColumbiaNamed after the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies, this park gives you breathtaking views of mountain landscapes along with lakes, waterfalls, canyons, and caves. The Berg Lake campground is located right at the northern base of the 3, 954-meter peak (山巅), which is about a day's hike in.Fundy National Park,New BrunswickIf you've grown tired of the tent or RV, this park is one of the few national parks offering yurt (蒙古包) rentals. Make sure you visit theBay of Fundywhere the world's highest tides make for some great surfing. You also can't miss the amazing Acadian forest waterfall. If you're looking for even more entertainment, the park also hostsmusic and cultural festivals each summer and has its own golf course.KluaneNational Parkand ReserveYukonFrom May to September, theKathleenLakecampground sees visitors come from far and wide to camp, hike and fish. Mountaineering is especially popular as Kluane is home to 17 of Canada's 20 highest peaks. Flightseeing over the park's glaciers and rafting (漂流) the winding Alsek River will also keep you out enjoying the wilderness.Prince Edward Island National Park,Prince Edward IslandIf you're looking for a family-friendly park, this one is wonderful. Between the seven beaches and more than 50 kilometersof hiking and cycling trails, you'll certainly be kept busy. Literature lovers, you can see what inspired L.M. Montgomery'sAnne of Green Gables at the nearby Green Gables Heritage Place and even explore the original house.1. Where is the park offering yurt rentals located?A. InBritish Columbia.B. InNew Brunswick.C. InYukon.D. InPrince Edward Island.2. What can you do inKluaneNational Parkand Reserve?A. Climb the highest mountain inCanada.B. Experience the highest tides.C. Raft the windingAlsekRiver.D. Attend music and cultural festivals.3. Which will you choose if you are a fan of Anne of Green Gables?A.Mount RobsonProvincialPark.B. Fundy National Park.C.KluaneNational Parkand Reserve.D.Prince Edward IslandNational Park.BNostalgia (怀旧) has become increasingly common in our current climate of accelerated, unexpected change. More and more Americans are turning back with longing towhat feels like simpler, sweeter times. They collect cassette tapes, manual typewriters even decades-old video games.Is it a mistake to get too obsessed with the past? Some psychologists warn that too much devotion to the so-called good old days is an escape from reality; it can indicate loneliness or that a person is having a difficult time coping in the present. Psychologist Stephanie Coontz argues that nostalgia distracts us from addressing the problems of modern life and contribute to anxiety, depression , insomnia etc.But new studies suggest that a modest dose of nostalgia is not only harmless, but actually beneficial. They suggest it helps strengthen our sense of identity and makes us feel more optimistic and inspired. It is also a tool for self — discovery and memories are a psychological immune response that is triggered when you want to take a break from negativity. Interestingly, those happy memories can be particularly beneficial both to kids in their teens and to society's elders. Recalling our childhood reminds us of “the times when we were accepted and loved unconditionally," says Krystine Batcho, a psychologist. "That is such a powerfully comforting phenomenon, knowing that there was a time in life when we didn't have to earn our love." Nostalgia can transform even the most ordinary past into legends which warms the heart and the body. Let's not forget that nostalgia has been a source of inspiration to innumerable American writers. Mark Twain recalled his boyhood, writing, "after all these years, I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then：The white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer's morning."So go ahead, daydream a little about your best childhood friend, your first car, a long - gone family pct. As Dr. Sedikidessays，"Nostalgia is ly central to human experience. "But at the same time, keep these words of wisdom from the great inventor Charles Kettering in mind as well："You can't have a better tomorrow if you are thinking about yesterday all the time. "34. What did some psychologists in paragraph 2 probably agree?A. Nostalgia will cause some mental problems.B. Nostalgia makes us devoted to the good old days.C. Nostalgia shows you are trying to get rid of loneliness.D. Nostalgia helps us cope with the difficult time we are going through.5. There are many benefits of nostalgia except ________A. It can enable us to know ourselves better.B. It can bring us some comfort when we recall.C. We are likely to gain attention if we recall the happy childhood.D. We can sometimes break away from negativity with happy memories.6. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?A. The bad influence of too much devotion to nostalgia.B. The reasons why we should avoid nostalgia.C. The bad memories that always stick around you.D. The great changes nostalgia will bring to you.7. What's the best title of the passage?A. We all have a soft spot for nostalgia.B. Nostalgia is actually good for you.C. Don't be carried away by nostalgia.D. There are many times when we like to recall.CI once had my Chinese MBA students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans.” I separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. The more original their ideas, the better, I said. Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. They were without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.InChina, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand.With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there's the “thousand talent scheme.” this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries aboutChina's research environment. It's hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.At last, forChina, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnership with top western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It's about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It's not that simple.8. Why does the writer feel disappointed at his students?A. Because there is one group presenting a catering service.B. Because the six groups did not cooperate well in the brainstorm.C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.D. Because the students' ideas were lacking in creativeness.9. Which of the following scenes is NOT considered as lack of creation?A. Papers were often downloaded from the Internet.B. Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.C. Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.D. Case study debates were written up as well as recited.10. We can infer form the passage that ________.A. China can make and sell any product all over the world from its own creation.B. high pay may not solve the problem ofChina's research environment.C. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand.D. the new government program is aimed at encouraging imagination.11. Which is the best title for the passage?A Look for a new way of learning B. Reward creative thinkingC. How to become a creatorD. Establish a technical environmentDWhen I was a child, I attained high grades in my academic study. However, I was physically uncoordinated because I was running too slowly. But for future college application, sport was a must. So I took up fencing (击剑) because I thought it required more strategy than athletic ability.Then I joined the school’s fencing team. My movements were clumsy compared to the seniors. One afternoon after a whole lesson’s failure, tears of frustration welled up in my eyes. One of my teammates approached me, “Could you tell me where your blade (剑) hit me?” She asked. I pointed to her right shoulder. She nodded and patted my stomach, “That’s where I hit you.” She had begun to walk away when I blurted out, “Want to practice together? Again?”We practiced until we both felt more confident. But it wasn’t just the two of us. All these girls were entirely willing to share their knowledge with everyone, helping each other to grow.That afternoon, I watched a senior fencer execute a flawless attack admiringly. Something inside me suddenly bloomed. I realized later that it was love for both fencing and the fencing team.During the city championship, I was selected to fence. My opponent was the best fencer on her school’s team. “Ready, fence.” The match began. Suddenly, my opponent’s blade hit me. The score was 1-0.At the moment I could hear my teammates shouting, “Keep distance!” And the team captain’s voice was clear and commanding, “Parry, then disengage!”Fencing, unlike academics, wasn’t something I could succeed in by myself—even during an individual match, my teammates were still giving me advice. Unathletic as I was, I was proud to be an athlete and a teammate.I saw my blade tip bury itself into my opponent’s shoulder and the judge signaling that it was my point. I could taste the sweat on my lips, which were breaking out into a smile.12. Why did the author start to learn fencing?A. Because she needed to train her coordination.B. Because she thought it would be easier for her.C. Because she could not succeed in any other sport.D. Because she wanted to enter the school fencing team.13. How did the girls improve their fencing skills?A. By observing flawless attacks.B. By practicing on their own.C. By offering guidance to each other.D. By competing with other teams.14. What distinguishes fencing from academics according to the author?A. Strong determination.B. Hard work.C. Athletic strategy.D. Team support.15. How did the author feel when she got her point?A. Unbeatable and respectful.B. Sweaty and ashamed.C. Energetic and secure.D. Proud and thankful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021上海高三英语一模十一选十汇编(16区全)-教师版
2021宝山一模Don't abandon the written WordWay back in 2012, Kyle Wiens. CEO of IFIX wrote in a blog post for Harvard Business Review that he wouldn't hire anyone who used poor grammar. In fact, he____31____ all applicants to take a grammar test before moving forward.According to Wiens, he’s"found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something ____32____ unrelated to writing ―like stocking shelves or labeling parts. What's more, he believes that grammar skills indicate several other valuable ____33___, including learning ability, professional credibility (信用) and attention to detail. Another CEO named Brad Hoover noted that good grammar is a predictor of professional success.Honestly ask yourself whether you'd hire someone with a poorly written resume. Will this person be able to deliver on your business plan? How ____34____ will they be able to communicate your goals and expectations? How likely is it that they will be able to successfully ____35____ with others and build your brand? In short, if you want to succeed ― as a boss or an employee ― good grammar is ____36____.“Great leaders can understand how to use it well in context,” wrote Kevin Daum in an article. As a leader, you must be able to manage, organize, ____37____ and support your team. Strong communication skill both written and verbal, allow you to accomplish that. If you sent an employee poorly written instructions, how probable is it that you'll both be ____38____ in the outcome-and each other?Writing, specifically by hand has numerous ____39____ for your health and well-being. Researchers have also found that handwriting, in particular the forming of letters, is the key to not only ____40____ your memory but also forming new ideas and learning. In fact, if you want to slow down mental aging, writing by hand is your best bet because it forces you to use more of your motor skills.Key: 31—35HDAIC 36—40JGEBF2021黄浦一模Science Isn’t Always Perfect— But We Should Still Trust It From environment pollution to climate change, we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat? Is climate change an emergency? In recent years, many of these issues have become politically polarized, with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political 31 . When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist, was asked by one member why we should trust the science, she replied, “because it’s science!”For several decades, there has been a(n) 32 and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are 33 by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not 34 . After all, just because scientists more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn’t prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question—Why trust science? —is that scientists use “the scientific method.” If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around the house, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is 35 declared to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis(假设), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods, and these methods have changed with time. Science 36 changes: new methods get invented, old ones get 37 , and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. Andthat’s a good thing, because the so-called scientific method doesn’t work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was 38 to test is true. There also might be many different theories that could produce that same 39 result. On the contrary, if the experiment fails, it doesn’t prove the theory is wrong; it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the 40 .Key: 31. C 32. J 33. A 34. K 35. D 36. I 37. G 38. B 39. E 40.H 2021崇明一模A Tennis Tournament (锦标赛) with TraditionToday, July 2nd kicks off tennis’s major event: The Championships, Wimbledon, more commonly known as just Wimbledon. Held in London at the All England Club, it is the oldest tennis tournament in the world.Over its long history, the tournament has developed traditions which help to 31 it among sports events. During the tournament, players must follow a dress code and compete wearing all-white clothing. This allows the competitors to stand out 32 among those dressed in the tennis club’s official colors of dark green and purple.Wimbledon’s most 33 tradition, however, is that all matches are played on outdoor grass courts. In fact, Wimbledon is the only major tennis tournament still played on grass. Several of the courts at the All England Club are only used for two weeks a year, during the championships. For Wimbledon players, it’s the honor of a lifetime to play the game they love on the tennis world’s center stage. In addition to the 34 and recognition for the winners is the annually increasing prize money the champions take home. Wimbledon consists of five main events with several 35 events and invitation events. Men and women, or gentlemen and ladies as they’re called at Wimbledon, compete in singles and doubles matches. There is also mixed doubles,where one man and one woman make up a team. Events are mostly single 36 tournaments. Only the gentlemen’s, senior gentlemen’s and ladies’ invitation doubles are round-robin (循环赛) tournaments.During the 14 days of 37 competition, nearly 500,000 people will attend the event, including members of the royal family. On occasion this has included the Prince of Wales and Her majesty the Queen. One of Wimbledon’s past traditions required players to bow toward the tournament’s honored guests. Some players still 38 observe the tradition even though the players are no longer required to do so.As the players compete, the tennis fans also participate in another tournament tradition by consuming the 39 strawberries and cream.With the tennis world’s 40 now set on Wimbledon, don’t miss the opportunity to catch this much-loved sporting event.Key: 31. B 32. D 33. K 34. H 35. J 36. C 37. F 38. I 39. A40. G2021徐汇一模China has for years been protecting and restoring natural ecology and the environment, and has established a target responsibility system to improve ecological and environmental quality, developed innovative systems of (31) _______, inspection and accountability(责任), and greatly raised the level of biodiversity conservation. It has also made steady progress in the (32) _______ of 25 pilot projects for ecological protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, lakes and grasslands, and put 90 percent of the earthly ecosystems and 85 percent of key wildlife populations under (33) _______ regulations.While (34) _______ ways to ensure harmonious coexistence between humans andnature, in line with the goals and vision of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, China is also helping build a global ecological civilization. China was the first country to (35) _______ the National Implementation Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, has contributed to and participated in the Convention on Biological Diversity, and made notable progress toward 17 of the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets and achieved some of them before schedule. (According to the (36) _______ released Global Biodiversity Outlook 5, only six Aichi Targets have been partly met at the global level).Also, the United Nations has labelled the Kubuqi Desert in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region（内蒙古自治区）as a desert ecological-economic (37) _______ area. And the Saihanba Afforestation Community and the “1,000 Villages in Demonstration and 10,000 Villages in Renovation” project in Zhejiang Province have won the UN “Champions of the Earth” award.Further, China has announced its carbon emissions will peak before 2030 and it will reach carbon neutrality (中和，中性) by 2060 and thus boost the global fight against climate change and help (38) _______ biodiversity.To (39) _______ ecological and environmental protection, China has shifted from quantitative（量的，定量的）economic growth to high-quality, green development. China understands the organic yet complex relationship between humans and nature, between the environment and people’s livelihoods, and between conservation and development.And it has been making efforts to better understand the development model of (40) _______ civilization that is different from that of industrial civilization, in order to build a green society, which will ensure harmonious coexistence of humans and nature as well as sustainable development.Key: 31-35 K F J A G 36 -40 H D I B C2021虹口一模The Correct Answer to the QuestionThe usual answer to the greeting “How are you?” is generally “Not too bad.” Why? Because it’s all-purpose. Whatever the circumstances, whatever the conditions, “Not too bad” will get you through. On an average day it __31__ a confusing modesty. In good times it implies a decent pessimism (悲观), a kind of __32__ to express oneself. And when things are rough, really rough and annoying, it becomes a heroic __33__, as if everything goes well. Best of all, it gently prevents further inquiry with all three syllables (音节) equally __34__, because it is -- basically -- meaningless.Americans are small-talk artists. They have to be. This is a wild country. The weakest agreement __35__ one person to the next. So the“Have a nice day”, the “Hot enough for you”, and the “How about those guys” serve a vital purpose. Without these little commonly-used phrases and the __36__ social contract that they represent, to calm people, the streets would be a free-for-all exhibition of disaster.But that’s the negative view. Some of my happiest interactions with other human beings have been glancing moments of small talks. It’s an extraordinary thing. A person stands before you, a complete stranger, and the best everyday small talk can have his or her soul __37__ in front of your eyes.I was out walking the other day when a UPS truck pulled to the side of the road. As the driver leaped from his cab to make a __38__, I heard relaxing music coming out of the truck’s speakers -- a kind of familiar and weightless blues music, and it’s my favorite tune. “China Cat Sunflower?” I said to the UPS guy as he rushed back to his truck. He __39__ showed a huge smile, “You got it, babe!”The exchange of feelings, the perfect understanding, the simplest small talk that emerged instantly between us, and, most of all, the __40__ “babe” -- I was high as a kite for the next 10 minutes after such a pure small talk.Key: 31 - 35 CEIAG 36 - 40: DBKHF2021闵行一模I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing 31 greatly. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a final result, they cannot work in 32 no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing while it is still in progress is most possibly the single greatest33 to writing that most of us meet with. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to seize a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to 34 first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your 35 bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the 36 is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15－20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words 37 . As the words begin to go smoothly, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be 38 on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how badthey are. Halfway through your 39 time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to a(n) 40 product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.Key: 31. B32. E33. G34. D35. A36. I 37. K38. H39. F40. J2021普陀一模Food Waste in the NetherlandsUneaten bread, yellowed vegetables, overcooked rice or noodles are all thrown away by the Dutch, which is a problem in the Netherlands. In 2010, each person there threw away about 48 kilograms of food per year, (31)________ with 41 kilograms in 2016, a slight improvement.A food industry expert says the problem in the Netherlands is that everyday food is so cheap that people (32)________ have no idea. But don’t forget that a family throws away 50 Euros worth of food every month, that is, 600 Euros a year, and that adds up to a lot of money, doesn’t it? He offers a number of tips on how to deal with (33)________ food waste. For example, take your shopping list to the supermarket so you can cut down unnecessary food (34)________. As far as cooking is concerned, do as much as you can eat. “So if you’re measuring for four people, don’t take it for granted, but use a measuring cup to measure it (35)________,” she said. “We waste a lot of rice and cooked pasta. Turn the refrigerator to 4 degrees instead of 6 or 7 degrees. So you can keep the food longer. If you have a lot left over after dinner, you can (36) ________ it and just put it in the microwave one day a week. It’s easy and it saves money.”In recent years, the Netherlands has taken many measures to deal with food waste. For example, since its launch in January 2018, it has used an APP called Too Good to Go, which allows hotels, supermarkets and bakeries to (37)________ how much food they have left each day, and nearby consumers can use the APP to find out where they can pay a small amount of money for the leftover food. The Grand, a five star hotel in Amsterdam, is also (38)________. “In the past, we threw out all the cheese, sandwiches, meat and other products from the breakfast buffet (自助餐), and it was a (39)________ waste,” said a staff member, “Now we don’t waste so much, so this application is really a good (40)________.” The idea for the APP came from Denmark, and the application is now up and running in nine countries.Key: 31-35 B DA C K 36-40 F E HG J2021青浦一模Water on the MoonNASA says there are water molecules(分子) on our neighbor’s sunny surface. NASA has confirmed the presence of water on the moon’s sunlit surface, a breakthrough that suggests the chemical __31__ that is vital to life on Earth could be distributed across more parts of the lunar surface than the ice that has __32__ been found in dark and cold areas.“We don’t know yet if we can use it as a resource,” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said, but he added that learning more about the water is __33__ to U.S. plans to explore the moon.The discovery comes from the space agency’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA — a(n) __34__ Boeing 747 that can take its largetelescope high into Earth’s atmosphere, at altitudes up to 45,000 feet. Those heights allow researchers to peer at objects in space with __35__ any visual disturbance from water vapor. To detect the molecules, SOFIA used a special camera that can distinguish between water’s specific wavelength of 6.1 microns and that of its close chemical relative hydroxyl, or OH.The data confirm what experts have __36__, that water might exist on the moon’s sunny surface. But in recent years, researchers had been able to document only water ice at the moon’s poles and other darker and colder areas.Experts will now try to figure out exactly how the water came to form and why it __37__. NASA scientists published their findings in the latest issue of Nature Astronomy.“Data from this location reveal water in __38__ of 100 to 412 parts per million — roughly __39__ to a 12-ounce bottle of water — trapped in a cubic meter of soil spread across the lunar surface,” NASA said in a release about the discovery.“Without a thick atmosphere, water on the sunlit lunar surface should just be lost to space,” said Casey Honniball, the lead author of a study about the discovery. “Yet somehow we’re seeing it. Something is producing the water, and something must be trapping it there.”There are several possible explanations for the water’s presence, including the possibility that it was delivered to the surface by stony microobjects __40__ the moon. Small balls of glass from that process could trap water, according to the researchers’ paper.Key: 31-40 D J I A E B G K C H2021长宁一模I’ve always been an optimist and I suppose that is rooted in my belief that the power of creativity and intelligence can make the world a better place. For as long as I can remember, I’ve loved learning new things and solving problems in seventh grade. So when I sat down at a computer for the first time, I was 31 . It was an old Teletype machine. But it changed my life. When my friend and I started Microsoft, we had a 32 of “a computer on every desk and in every home,” which probably sounded too optimistic, but we believed personal computers would change the world. And they have.After 30 years, I’m still as 33 by computers as I was back in seventh grade. I believe computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed our 34 and inventiveness to help us solve problems. Computers have transformed how we learn, giving kids everywhere a window into all of the world’s knowledge. They’re helping us build 35 around the things we care about and stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.Like my friend Buffett, I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it “tap-dancing to work.” My job at Microsoft is as 36 as ever, but what makes me “tap-dance to work” is when we show people something new, like a computer that can 37 your handwriting or your speech, and they say, “I didn’t know you could do that with a PC!”I believe that my own fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world. My wife and I havebeen 38 to improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible. I’m still optimistic, and I believe that progress on even the world’s toughest problems is possible. We’re seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, and new 39 paid to the health problems in the world.I’m excited by the 40 I see for medicine, for education and of course for technology. And I believe that through our natural inventiveness, creativity and willingness to solve tough problems, we’re going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas in my lifetime.Key: 31--35 GCBAD 36--40 IJFKE2021金山一模How Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more (31) ___________ choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?‘We are what we eat!’ confirms the important notion that food and human are (32) ___________. Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for (33) ___________a quarter of manmade greenhouse gas emissions. That’s why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWF at one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to (34) ___________ production and consumption of food to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools (35) ___________ by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change (36) ___________ about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can (37) ___________how much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be (38) ___________ to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or (39) ___________ fish.Initiated by SLU, a ‘Meat-Guide’ has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five (40) ___________of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.Key: 31-40 FDBHA EJIKC2021奉贤一模How Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more (31) ___________ choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?‘We are what we eat!’ confirms the important notion that food and human are (32) ___________. Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for (33) ___________a quarter of manmade greenhouse gas emissions. That’s why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWFat one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to (34) ___________ production and consumption of food to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools (35) ___________ by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change (36) ___________ about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can (37) ___________ how much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be (38) ___________ to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or (39) ___________ fish.Initiated by SLU, a ‘Meat-Guide’ has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five (40) ___________of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.Key:31-40 BGIAD CHEJK2021 嘉定区一模Noise Pollution Rules Should Be TightenedRoad traffic, aircraft, ships, factories and oil drilling are all human activities that produce noise. The noise should be better ___31___ to protect wildlife, say the authorsof a study ___32___ how sound pollution affects creatures from fish to birds.Studies have found noise pollution to be linked to poorer human health. But experts say it can also affect wildlife, from preventing their communication to affecting the ___33___ with which they search for food. “For example, if bats ___34___ their prey through sound clues can’t hear clearly,” said Dr Hansjoerg Kunc, the co-author of the research, “they have to fly longer and invest more time and energy to find food.”The studies were based on experiments in which ___35___ aspects of the animals’ behaviour or other measures, such as changes in hormone (荷尔蒙) levels, were ___36___ before and after exposure to noise. The results reveal that human-produced noise affects a wide range of species. “Thus, the response to noise can be explained by most species responding to noise rather than a few species being ___37___ sensitive to noise,” the authors wrote.The team continued to ___38___ that their research did not examine whether the effects were beneficial or harmful to species. That was because such considerations were ___39___. For example, noise that affects hunting could benefit prey while creating difficulties for predators (食肉动物).“Even if some animals benefitted, it did not mean noise should not be dealt with, since the majority would still experience negative effects”, said Kunc. But there was ___40___ for optimism. “Unlike chemical pollution, if a noise source moves away, then nothing stays in the environment any more,” he said.Key: 31-40 BDJGI FHKCA2021 浦东新区一模Work is necessary to earn an income, and if you get good job (31) _________, it’s a bonus! But what can make it more worthwhile are the extra perks(工资外的补贴) that your employer offers you as a reward for your loyalty and commitment.Employee (32) _________ are commonplace these days. Traditionally, these have included a good pension and extra days off work. But when a job used to be for life,there wasn’t much incentive to try and keep staff. Now when millennials are (33) _________ a position, they want to know the benefits they’ll get on top of their pay.But these perks come at a cost to an employer, and now technology is being used to discover if and when they offer value for money. The idea aims to enable a company to tailor what it can offer to (34) _________ and retain the right staff.As an example, at merchant bank, Close Brothers, AI has been used to develop chatbots that can help employees to find information on subjects ranging from mental health to saving for retirement at any time. And Microsoft has developed software to help businesses (35)_________ their employee’s well-being needs. Anna Rasmussen, founder of Open Blend, told the BBC “It shows companies what their employees need to stay (36) _________ and reach their full potential in real-time.” Insurance company Vitality offer wearable technology to track employees’ movements. Staff can earn ‘(37) _________’ by having their activity tracked. A study found that by (38)_________ participant’s performance, they did the equivalent of 4.8 extra days of activity per month.It seems that if used in the right way, technology can provide greater (39) _________ between an employee and the company. That can lead to a happier, healthier and (40) _________ work force. But human resources experts warn against relying solely on tech for deciding on employee benefits provision, they say.Key: 31-40 KAJBD IHECF。
【高三英语一模】2021届上海高三英语一模11类16区专题汇编：十一选十
Don't abandon the written WordWay back in 2012, Kyle Wiens. CEO of IFIX wrote in a blog post for Harvard Business Review that he wouldn't hire anyone who used poor grammar. In fact, he 31 all applicants to take a grammar test before moving forward.According to Wiens, he’s"found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something 32 unrelated to writing ― like stocking shelves or labeling parts. What's more, he believes that grammar skills indicate several other valuable 33 , including learning ability, professional credibility (信用) and attention to detail. Another CEO named Brad Hoover noted that good grammar is a predictor of professional success.Honestly ask yourself whether you'd hire someone with a poorly written resume. Will this person be able to deliver on your business plan? How 34 will they be able to communicate your goals and expectations? How likely is it that they will be able to successfully 35 with others and build your brand? In short, if you want to succeed ― as a boss or an employee ― good grammar is 36 .“Great leaders can understand how to use it well in context,” wrote Kevin Daum in an article. As a leader, you must be able to manage, organize, 37 and support your team. Strong communication skill both written and verbal, allow you to accomplish that. If you sent an employee poorly written instructions, how probable is it that you'll both be 38 in the outcome-and each other?Writing, specifically by hand has numerous 39 for your health and well-being. Researchers have also found that handwriting, in particular the forming of letters, is the key to not only 40 your memory but also forming new ideas and learning. In fact, if you want to slow down mental aging, writing by hand is your best bet because it forces you to use more of your motor skills.答案：31—35HDAIC 36—40JGEBFA Tennis Tournament (锦标赛) with TraditionToday, July 2nd kicks off tennis’s major event: The Championships, Wimbledon, more commonly known as just Wimbledon. Held in London at the All England Club, it is the oldest tennis tournament in the world.Over its long history, the tournament has developed traditions which help to 31 it among sports events. During the tournament, players must follow a dress code and compete wearing all-white clothing. This allows the competitors to stand out 32 among those dressed in the tennis club’s official colors of dark green and purple.Wimbledon’s most33 tradition, however, is that all matches are played on outdoor grass courts. In fact, Wimbledon is the only major tennis tournament still played on grass. Several of the courts at the All England Club are only used for two weeks a year, during the championships. For Wimbledon players, it’s the honor of a lifetime to play the game they love on the tennis world’s center stage. In addition to the34 and recognition for the winners is the annually increasing prize money the champions take home. Wimbledon consists of five main events with several 35 events and invitation events. Men and women, or gentlemen and ladies as they’re called at Wimbledon, compete in singles and doubles matches. There is also mixed doubles, where one man and one woman make up a team. Events are mostly single 36 tournaments. Only the gentlemen’s, senior gentlemen’s and ladies’ invitation doubles are round-robin (循环赛) tournaments.During the 14 days of 37 competition, nearly 500,000 people will attend the event, including members of the royal family. On occasion this has included the Prince of Wales and Her majesty the Queen. One of Wimbledon’s past traditions required players to bow toward the tournament’s honored guests. Some players still 38 observe the tradition even though the players are no longer required to do so.As the players compete, the tennis fans also participate in another tournament tradition by consuming the 39 strawberries and cream.With the tennis world’s 40 now set on Wimbledon, don’t miss the opportunity to catch this much-loved sporting event.答案：31. B 32. D 33. K 34. H 35. J 36. C 37. F 38. I 39. A 40. GCambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2020Quarantine has been named Word of the Year 2020 by Cambridge Dictionary, a website where editors use datafrom the website, blogs, and social media to identify and prioritize new additions. On the New Words Blog, 31new additions are posted weekly for readers to cast their votes on whether they feel these words should be added. Surprisingly, “Quarantine” has defeated “lockdown” and “pandemic” to be 32 Word of the Year 2020 after data showed it to be one of the most highly searched for on the Cambridge Dictionary.The Cambridge Dictionary editors have also tracked how people were using the word quarantine and discovered a new meaning 33 : a general period of time in which people are not allowed to leave their homes or travel freely, so that they do not catch or spread a disease.Research shows the word is being used 34 to lockdown, particularly in the United States, to refer to a situation in which people stay home to avoid catching the disease.This new 35 of quarantine has now been added to the Cambridge Dictionary, and marks a shift from the existing meanings, which relate to 36 a person or animal suspected of being infectious.Neither corona virus nor COVID-19 appeared among the words that Cambridge Dictionary users searched for most this year. We believe this indicates that people have been 37 confident about what the virus is. Instead, users have been searching for words related to the social and economic impacts of the pandemic, as 38 not just by quarantine but by the two runners-up on the shortlist for Word of the Year: lockdown and pandemic itself. This interest in quarantine and other related 39 was reflected not only in our search statistics, but also in visits to this blog.Cambridge Dictionary is the top dictionary website for English learning. The dictionary not only shows how words are used in real-world 40 but also gives out their definitions.答案：31-40 BGIAD CHEJKThe Correct Answer to the QuestionThe usual answer to the greeting “How are you?” is generally “Not too bad.” Why? Because it’s all-purpose. Whatever the circumstances, whatever the conditions, “Not too bad” will get y ou through. On an average day it 31 a confusing modesty. In good times it implies a decent pessimism ( 悲观), a kind of 32 to express oneself. And when things are rough, really rough and annoying, it becomes a heroic 33 , as if everything goes well. Best of all, it gently prevents further inquiry with all three syllables (音节) equally 34 , because it is -- basically -- meaningless.Americans are small-talk artists. They have to be. This is a wild country. The weakest agreement 35 one person to the next. So the “Have a nice day”, the “Hot enough for you”, and the “How about those guys” serve a vital purpose. Without these little commonly-used phrases and the 36 social contract that they represent, to calm people, the streets would be a free-for-all exhibition of disaster.But that’s the negative view. Some of my happiest interactions with other human beings have been glancing moments of small talks. It’s an extraordinary thing. A person stands before you, a complete stranger, and the best everyday small talk can have his or her soul 37 in front of your eyes.I was out walking the other day when a UPS truck pulled to the side of the road. As the driver leaped from his cab to make a 38 , I heard relaxing music coming out of the truck’s speakers -- a kind of familiar and weightless blues music, and it’s my favorite tune. “China Cat Sunflower?”I said to the UPS guy as he rushed back to his truck. He39 showed a huge smile, “You got it, babe!”The exchange of feelings, the perfect understanding, the simplest small talk that emerged instantly between us, and, most of all, the 40 “babe” -- I was high as a kite for the next 10 minutes after such a pure small talk.答案：31 - 35 CEIAG 36 - 40: DBKHF5.黄浦区Science Isn’t Always Perfect— But We Should Still Trust ItFrom environment pollution to climate change, we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat? Is climate change an emergency? In recent years, many of these issues have become politically polarized, with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political 31 . When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist, was asked by one member why we should trust the science, she replied, “because it’s science!”For several decades, there has been a(n) 32 and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are 33 by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not 34 . After all, just because scientists more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn’t prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question—Why trust science? —is that scientists use “the scientific method.” If you’ve got a hi gh school science textbook lying around the house, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is 35 declared to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis( 假设), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientis ts actually do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods, and these methods have changed with time. Science 36 changes: new methods get invented, oldones get 37 , and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. And that’s a good thing, because the so-called scientific method doesn’t work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was 38 to test is true. There also might be many different theories that could produce that same 39 result. On the contrary, if the experiment fails, it doesn’t prove the theory is wrong; it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the 40 .答案：31. C 32. J 33. A 34. K 35. D 36. I 37. G 38. B 39. E 40.HNoise Pollution Rules Should Be TightenedRoad traffic, aircraft, ships, factories and oil drilling are all human activities that produce noise. The noise should be better 31 to protect wildlife, say the authors of a study 32 how sound pollution affects creatures from fish to birds.Studies have found noise pollution to be linked to poorer human health. But experts say it can also affect wildlife, from preventing their communication to affecting the 33 with which they search for food. “For example, if bats34 their prey through sound clues can’t hear clearly,” said Dr Hansjoerg Kunc, the co-author of the research, “they have to fly longer and invest more time and energy to find food.”The studies were based on experiments in which 35 aspects of the animals’ behaviour or other measures, such as changes in hormone ( 荷尔蒙) levels, were 36 before and after exposure to noise. The results reveal that human-produced noise affects a wide range of species. “Thus, the response to n oise can be explained by most species responding to noise rather than a few species being 37 sensitive to noise,” the authors wrote.The team continued to 38 that their research did not examine whether the effects were beneficial or harmful to species. That was because such considerations were 39 . For example, noise that affects hunting could benefit prey while creating difficulties for predators (食肉动物).“Even if some animals benefited, it did not mean noise should not be dealt with, si nce the majority would still experience negative effects”, said Kunc. But there was 40 for optimism. “Unlike chemical pollution, if a noise source moves away, then nothing stays in the environment any more,” he said.答案：31-40 BDJGI FHKCAHow Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more (31) choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?‘We are what we eat!’ confirms the important notion that food and human are (32) . Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for (33) a quarter of manmade greenhouse gas emissions. That’s why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWF at one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to (34) production and consumption of food to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools (35) by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change (36) about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can (37) how much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be (38) to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or (39) fish.Initiated by SLU, a ‘Meat-Guide’ has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five (40) of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.答案：31-40 FDBHA EJIKCJ. staged K. contemporaryG. exposure H. specifically I. relievedF .squeezingC. advocateD. extendedE. annoyingB. displayA. initiatedAs glass towers continue to push their way into city skylines like sunflowers 31 up through walled gardens, some homeowners and developers have come to a realization. Floor-to- ceiling glass may provide breathtaking views, but it cuts down on opportunities for art 32 . To solve the problem, a number of developers are thinking of designing apartment towers 33 with art exhibiting in mind. The development company RFR, for example, has 34 the idea of designing loft ( 顶 楼 ) units in the style of a downtown gallery.“I would love to be recognized as a developer who creates spaces that are really planned for an art collector,” said Aby Rosen, a co-founder of RFR and an art collector himself. “I’m a big 35 of art which connects you with history and the desire for culture.”On a recent tour of the loft units at 100 East 53rd Street in Midtown Manhattan, Mr. Rosen pointed to the uninterrupted concrete walls and floors. “It’s the kind that you may see when you go to a Gagosian Gallery or Paul Kasmin Gallery,” he said.The ceilings are embedded (镶嵌) with slots(槽) that allow soft lighting to be installed for particular works.And to protect precious pieces, the exterior glass is specially treated to prevent the36to sunlight.“These spaces enjoy many 37 high-rise benefits, while at the same time avoid 38 side effects of a downtown loft —the creaking floors and traffic noise,” Mr. Rosen said.To hammer the point, one of the model units was 39 as a gallery rather than a home, with works from various collections. Mr. Rosen said that the units’focus on art, without exception, 40 to the lobby, too, where residents could be greeted by a site-specific work designed solely for the building by Rachel Feinstein, who depicted New York City icons, including the Empire State Building and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. 答案：31-35 FBHAC 36-40 GKEJDI’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing 31 greatly. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a final result, they cannot work in 32 no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing while it is still in progress is most possibly the single greatest33 to writing that most of us meet with. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to seize a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to 34 first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your 35 bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the 36 is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15－20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words 37 . As the words begin to go smoothly, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be 38 on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad they are. Halfway through your39 time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to a(n) 40 product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.答案：31. B 32. E 33. G 34. D 35. A 36. I 37. K 38. H 39. F 40. JWork is necessary to earn an income. And if you get good job 31 , it’s a bonus! But what can make it more worthwhile are the extra perks （工资外的补贴）that your employer offers you as a reward for your loyalty and commitment.Employee 32 are commonplace these days. Traditionally, these have included a good pension and extra days off work. But when a job used to be for life, there wasn’t much incentive to try and keep staff. Now when millennials are33 a p osition, they want to know the benefits they’ll get on top of their pay.But these perks come at a cost to an employer, and now technology is being used to discover if and when they offer value for money. The idea aims to enable a company to tailor what it can offer to 34 and retain the right staff.As an example, at the merchant bank, Close Brothers, AI has been used to develop chatbots that can help employees to find information on subjects ranging from mental health to saving for retirement at any time. And Microsoft has developed software to help businesses 35 their employee’s well-being needs. Anna Rasmussen, founder of Open Blend, told the BBC “It shows companies what their employees need to stay36 and reach their full potential in real-time.” In surance company Vitality offer wearable technology to track employees’ movements. Staff can earn ‘ 37 ’ by having their activity tracked. A study found that by 38 the participants’ performance, they did the equivalent of 4.8 extra days of activity per month.It seems that if used in the right way, technology can provide greater 39 between an employee and the company. That can lead to a happier, healthier and 40 work force. But HR experts warn against relying solely on tech for deciding on employee benefits provision, they say.答案：31-35 KAJBD 36-40 IHECFFood Waste in the NetherlandsUneaten bread, yellowed vegetables, overcooked rice or noodles are all thrown away by the Dutch, which is a problem in the Netherlands. In 2010, each person there threw away about 48 kilograms of food per year, (31)with 41 kilograms in 2016, a slight improvement.A food industry expert says the problem in the Netherlands is that everyday food is so cheap that people (32)have no idea. But don’t forget that a family throws away 50 Euros worth of food every month, that is, 600 Euros a year, and that adds up to a lot of money, doesn’t it? He offers a number of tips on how to deal with (33)food waste. For example, take your shopping list to the supermarket so you can cut down unnecessary food (34) . As far as cooking is concerned, do as much as you can eat. “So if you’re measuring for four people, don’t take it for granted, but use a measuring cup to measure it (35) ,” she said. “We waste a lot of rice and cooked pasta. Turn the refrigerator to 4 degrees instead of 6 or 7 degrees. So you can keep the food longer. If you have a lot left over after dinner, you can (36) it and just put it in the microwave one day a week. It’s easy and it saves money.”In recent years, the Netherlands has taken many measures to deal with food waste. For example, since its launch in January 2018, it has used an APP called Too Good to Go, which allows hotels, supermarkets and bakeries to (37) how much food they have left each day, and nearby consumers can use the APP to find out where they can pay a small amount of money for the leftover food. The Grand, a five star hotel in Amsterdam, is also (38) . “In the past, we threw out all the cheese, sandwiches, meat and other products from the breakfast buffet (自助餐), and it was a (39) waste,” said a staff member, “Now we don’t waste so much, so this application is really a good (40) .” The idea for the APP came from Denmark, and the application is now up and running in nine countries.答案：31-35 BDACK 36-40 FEHGJWater on the MoonNASA says there are water molecules (分子) on our neighbor’s sunny surface. NASA has confirmed the presence of water on the moon’s sunlit surface, a breakthrough that suggests the chemical 31 that is vital to life on Earth could be distributed across more parts of the lunar surface than the ice that has 32 been found in dark and cold areas.“We don’t know yet if we can use it as a resource,” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said, but he added that learning more about the water is 33 to U.S. plans to explore the moon.The discovery comes from the space agency’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA — a(n) 34 Boeing 747 that can take its large telescope high into Earth’s atmosphere, at altitudes up to 45,000 feet. Those heights allow researchers to peer at objects in space with 35 any visual disturbance from water vapor. To detect the molecules, SOFIA used a special camera that can distinguish between water’s specific wavelength of 6.1 microns and that of its close chemical relative hydroxyl, or OH.The data confirm what experts have 36 , that water might exist on the moon’s sunny surface. But in recent years, researchers had been able to document only water ice at the moon’s poles and other darker and colder areas.Experts will now try to figure out exactly how the water came to form and why it 37 . NASA scientists published their findings in the latest issue of Nature Astronomy.“Data from this location reveal water in 38 of 100 to 412 parts per million — roughly 39 to a 12-ounce bottle of water —trapped in a cubic meter of soil spread across the lunar surface,” NASA said in a release about the discovery.“Without a thick atmosphere, water on the sunlit lunar surface should just be lost to space,” said Casey Honniball, the lead author of a st udy about the discovery. “Yet somehow we’re seeing it. Something is producing the water, and something must be trapping it there.”There are several possible explanations for the water’s presence, including the possibility that it was delivered to the surface by stony microobjects 40 the moon. Small balls of glass from that process could trap water, according to the researchers’ paper.答案：31-40 D J I A E B G K C HThis corona-virus affects everyone, but not equally. Because of covid-19, the number of extremely poor people would rise by 70,000,000 to 100,000,000 this year, the World Bank predicted. Using a broader measure, including those who lack basic 31 or clean water and children who go hungry, the poor would rise by 240,000,000 this year, said the UN. That could 32 almost a decade of progress. Vaccination ( 疫苗注射) will to some extent help economies recover, but33 vaccination will take years and the very poor cannot wait that long.The IMF and World Bank have 34 lending, but only 31% more of the bank’s money has reached poor countries, says the Centre for Global Development. Governments in poor countries need to spend their money wisely. Even when money is 35 for good purposes, it is too often wasted or stolen.The best way to help the poor is to give them money in a direct manner. With a little 36 cash in their pockets, the poor can feed their children and send them back to school, which will help them make a living in the future. One country that has done well getting cash into poor pockets is Brazil, despite President Jair Bolsonaro’s habit of understating the effects of covid-19. Various measures of poverty there have actually fallen. A(n) 37 for governments should be basic health care, which the corona-virus has interrupted so badly that vaccination rates for children have been set back about 20 years. The crisis requires politicians to make hard choices quickly, and they can follow the example of China.Mistakes are unavoidable, given how much remains unknown about the disease, but some are38 . India’s sudden lockdown forced millions of migrant workers to head back to their villages on foot or crowded trains, spreading the virus far and wide. Politicians 39 remotely from their comfortable home offices should think harder about how their decisions might affect those whom covid-19 is plunging back into extreme poverty. It is shameful when their 40 to covid-19 adds to the suffering of the least fortunate.答案：31---40 DCGAI KFBEJChina has for years been protecting and restoring natural ecology and the environment, and has established a target responsibility system to improve ecological and environmental quality, developed innovative systems of (31) , inspection and accountability( 责任), and greatly raised the level of biodiversity conservation. It has also made steady progress in the (32) of 25 pilot projects for ecological protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, lakes and grasslands, and put 90 percent of the earthly ecosystems and 85 percent of key wildlife populations under (33) regulations.While (34) ways to ensure harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, in line with the goals and vision of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, China is also helping build a global ecological civilization. China was the first country to (35) the National Implementation Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, has contributed to and participated in the Convention on Biological Diversity, and made notable progress toward 17 of the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets and achieved some of them before schedule. (According to the (36) released Global Biodiversity Outlook 5, only six Aichi Targets have been partly met at the global level).Also, the United Nations has labelled the Kubuqi Desert in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region（内蒙古自治区）as a desert ecological-economic (37) area. And the Saihanba Afforestation Community and the “1,000 Villages in Demonstration and 10,000 Villages in Renovation” project in Zhejiang Province have won the UN “Champions of the Earth” award.Further, China has announced its carbon emissions will peak before 2030 and it will reach carbon neutrality (中和，中性) by 2060 and thus boost the global fight against climate change and help (38) biodiversity.To (39) ecological and environmental protection, China has shifted from quantitative （量的，定量的）economic growth to high-quality, green development. China understands the organic yet complex relationship between humans and nature, between the environment and people’s livelihoods, and between conservation and development.And it has been making efforts to better understand the development model of (40) civilization that is different from that of industrial civilization, in order to build a green society, which will ensure harmonious coexistence of humans and nature as well as sustainable development.答案：31-35 K F J A G 36 -40 H D I B C。
上海高三一模汇编(英语)听力(含听力原文)2021
2021 一模听力汇编上海(高三·英语)目录一、 2020-2021 学年高三英语一模卷听力汇编 (4)二、听力参考答案 (37)三、听力原文 (39)1. 宝山一模听力原文 (39)2. 黄浦一模听力原文 (42)3. 崇明一模听力原文 (45)4. 徐汇一模听力原文 (49)5. 虹口一模听力原文 (52)6. 闵行一模听力原文 (55)7. 普陀一模听力原文 (59)8. 青浦一模听力原文 (62)9. 长宁一模听力原文 (66)10. 金山一模听力原文 (69)11. 奉贤一模听力原文 (73)12. 嘉定一模听力原文 (76)13. 浦东一模听力原文 (79)14. 松江一模听力原文 (82)15. 杨浦一模听力原文 (85)16. 静安一模听力原文 (89)一、 2020-2021 学年高三英语一模卷听力汇编One【宝山一模】Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Bargaining with a salesgirl. B. Shopping with his girl.C. Promoting a new product.D. Choosing a novel for his child.2. A. Its facilities. B. Its location. C. Its comfort. D. Its price.3. A. Fashionable pants in bright colors. B. Something to match her brown pants.C. Grey pants made from pure cotton.D. 100% cotton pants in dark blue.4. A. Listening to some loud music. B. Practicing for a speech contest.C. Preparing for an oral examination.D. Talking loudly on the telephone.5. A. The man needn’t go hopping every week.B.She can pick the man up at the grocery store.C.She will drive the man to the supermarket.D.The man should buy a car of his own.6. A. The teacher is just following the regulations.B.The woman should have gone on the field trip.C.He has gone through a similar experience.D.He understands the woman’s feelings.7. A. Have someone repair the refrigerator. B. Switch off the refrigerator for a while.C. Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D. Buy a refrigerator of better quality.8. A. She stayed away from work for a few days.B.She is black and blue all over.C.She got hurt in an accident yesterday.D.She has to go to see a doctor.9. A. Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.B.The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.C.The man should have booked a less expensive hotel.4D. Her brother can find an apartment for the man.10. A. She is currently caught in a traffic jam.C. She may be late for the football game. B. She wants to take the most direct way.D. She is worried about missing her flight.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. The mukbanger was a little funny.C.The girl in the story couldn’t age.12.A. Eating with lots of people is common.C.It’s a way to have someone to chat with.13.A. The way people eat food isn’t healthy generally.B.The audience’s stomachs can’t agree with the food.C.Mukbang c an’t help settle serious eating problems.D.People could be encouraged to eat alone at home. B. It was a true crime story.D. The author was curious about it.B. There is something social and comforting.D. Connecting with others when they’re out.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. You helped others cut hair.C.Someone else did the cutting.15.A. Put off the light.C.Turn off the light.16.A. Learning English can be tricky.C.The meaning of “have my hair cut”.B. You had your hair cut.D.You cut your hairyourself. B. Close the light.D. Go off the light.B. Phrases are confusing for English learners.D. The meaning of “turn off the lights”.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. What the man plans to give Judy.C.When to choose the birthday gifts.18.A. Say “I care for you” to Judy.C.Give her a gift card.19. A. $100. B. A real gift.20.A. The woman is a shop assistant.C. The man will give Judy $100. B. How hard to buy birthday gifts.D. Where to buy birthday gifts.B. Just give her $100.D. Try to buy a real gift Judy likes.C. A gift card.D. Perfume. B. Judy is the man’s girlfriend.D. The two speakers agree with each other.Two【黄浦一模】Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.D. Mother and son.2.A. A Waiter B. A manager C. A salesman D. A barber3.A. He enjoys eating it. B. He cares little for it.C. He prefers fried seafood.D. He doesn't want to taste it.4.A. The goods there were on sale last weekend. B. It's the woman's favorite shopping mall.C. It sold out 50% of the goods last weekend.D. It's the cheapest shopping mall nearby.5.A. The woman isn't satisfied with her clothes' style.B.The woman is most probably pregnant.C.The woman doesn't like the new family member.D.The woman is trying her best to lose weight.6.A. It is the only property she has. B. Her father asked her not to sell it.C. She inherited it from his father.D. She has nowhere to live after selling.7.A. Call a repairman to come at once. B. Check the sink in the kitchen first.C. Clear up the kitchen night now.D. Stop the water from running immediately8.A. She lost her purse. B. She forgot to bring cash.C. She failed to attend the concert.D. She was unable to get the student discount9.A. Finish checking her reference B. Complete the research.C. Put the material in order.D. Start typing the paper.10.A. The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B.The woman didn't sleep well because of the movie.C.The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D.The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. She wrote several books. B. She managed a farm.C. She was a business woman.D. She worked as a nurse.12.A. 101 years B. 76 yeans C. 25 years D. 22 years13.A. Pictures in plain style. B. A successful art collectorC. A great American artist.D. The secret of living longer.14.A To concentrate for our quiet thought.B.To give full attention to the driving.C.To avoid being caught by the police.D.To be as casual as possible in the driving.15. A. In an elevator. B. At a special hall.C. In a bathroom.D. At a concert.16.A. By listening comprehensively and analytically.B.By taking a sonic bath thoroughly.C.By attending classical concerts frequently.D.By listening to an emotional piece of music.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Inquiring about the details of a trade fair.B.Booking a room at a hotel.plaining about the hotel room service.D.Giving suggestions on receiving guests.18.A. It's a busy season for international tourism.B.There aren't many hotels available in the city.C.An important economic event will occur.D.There is a big conference to be held.19.A. For five days altogether.B From Dec. 11th. to Dec. 13th.C From morning to night on Dec. 15th.20.A. The woman wants to reserve rooms either on the 1st or 6th floor.B.The woman has to pay 1200 dollars for all the rooms she has booked.C.whether the rooms are accessible by wheelchair affects the woman’s choice.D.Twelve people are most likely to attend the conference to be held in Dec. 13th.Three【崇明一模】Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At 5:50 p.m. B. At 5:40 p.m. C. At 6:30 p.m. D. At 7:20 p.m.2.A. In a bank. B. In a cinema. C. In a snack bar. D. In a grocery store.3.A. The coffee used to taste better. B. He’d rather drink something different.C. The coffee tastes the same as before.D. He’s surprised the woman drinks coffee.4.A. Look for more information. B. Ask for more time to finish their plan.C. Leave their plan unfinished.D. Finish their plan with the material available.5.A. Stay in the dormitory. B. Ask for a cut in her rent.C. Move into an apartment.D. Pay more attention to her privacy.6.A. The man saw Emma wearing the sweater. B. The sweater is very common.C. She seldom borrows clothes from Emma.D. She did wear the sweater yesterday.7.A. The people to attend the meeting. B. The procedures for the meeting.C. The time to hold the meeting.D. The place for the meeting.8.A. The concert has already begun.B.The woman needn’t go to the box office.C. He’s already got a ticket for the woman.D.The newspaper has no information on the tickets.9. A. She will drive John’s car to the airport. B. John can give her a ride to the airport.C. She has cancelled her flight on Tuesday.D. John can attend the meeting on Tuesday.10.A. He went to see the dentist a week ago.B. The woman’s toothache will go away by itself.C. The dentist was fully occupied last week.D. The woman should have seen the dentist by now.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. A dance teacher. B. A TV program.C. A ballet company.D. A summer camp.12.A. Dance teachers. B. Poor young people.C. Talented dancers.D. Creative young people.13. A. Training skills. B. Learning methods.C. Self-confidence.D. Financial knowledge. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Lego’s plan to rent bricks out.C.Lego’s plan to invest in a new field.15.A. Dealing with lost bricks.C.Reducing carbon emissions.16.A. It’s complex and unrealistic.C.It’s eco-friendly but challenging. B. Lego’s plan to produce less complex sets.D. Lego’s plan to develop sustainable materials.B. Finding enough raw materials.D. Employing suitable technicians.B. It can appeal to more children.D. It can promote non-plastic bricks.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. A suitable location for a party. B. The safety rules for swimming.C. A good means of swimming safely.D. The activities for the birthday party.18.A. Aggressive swimmers. B. Lack of lifeguards.C. Uninteresting activities.D. Potential bad weather.19.A. To bring some alcohol. B. Not to swim alone.C. To spend longer in water.D. Not to eat before swimming.20.A. Swimming can be totally safe with full consideration.B.The man gives priority to safety when making plans.C.The party will be cancelled due to certain factors.D.The woman is better at swimming than the man.Four【徐汇一模】Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Their parents stopped financing their education.B.The man doesn’t want another English courseC.They can’t pay the rent this month.D.The woman’s boss refused to give her a raise.2. A.$5. B.$10 C.$45 D.$50.3. A. She’ll be away for a while.B. She did well on the examination.C. She worked hard and made a big fortune.D. She didn’t have to work hard for any exam.4.A. Hurry to the conference. B. Skip the conference.C. Take the subway.D. Take a bus.5.A. He is confident.B. He is worried. C. He is bored. D. He is angry.6. A. People’s opinions about the movie vary.B.The man thinks the movie is not as good as he thought.C.You shouldn’t believe everything you see.D.The woman wonders which newspaper the man is reading.7. A. He used to be a workman himself.B.He likes to do repairs and make things himself.C.He is professional builder.D.He paid workmen to decorate the house.8. A. He will change it and use it as a hotel.B.He will pull it down and build a new hotel.C.He will rent it out for use as a hotel.D.He will sell it to the owner of a hotel.9. A. Donald is very responsible. B. Donald is not humorous at all.C. What Donald said is true.D. Donald’s words aren’t reliable.10.A. She doesn’t like the way the professor lectures.B.She’s having a hard time following the professor’s lectures.C.She is not interested in the course.D.She’s having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The coronavirus is also spreading among the monkeys.B.They are suffering from starvation because of the restriction on tourism.C.The monkeys are unlikely to calm down without music.D.The locals want the monkeys to learn to appreciate music.12. A. They were too hungry to care about it.B.They were so angry that they climbed up his body and touched his head.C.They reacted wildly, such as running over the musician’s hands and eating his music.D.They behaved so wildly that the musician was distracted from playing music.13. A. To calm down the monkeys during the coronavirus crisis.B.To cause concerns about those monkey’s hunger and study their reaction to music.C.To help raise fund for more food for those monkeys.D.To entertain those monkeys so that they would forget eating.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Those experiencing kind family environment.B.Those suffering physical and verbal abuse from parents.C.Those exposed in verbal abuse in their childhood.D.Those having experienced depression.15. A. Becoming more tolerant.B.Having undeveloped brain connections.C.Having higher level of being fearless.D.No connection between the right and the left side of the brain.16. A. Help kids learn to be more self-controlled.B.Let kids stay away from drug abuse.C.Treasure kids’ middle school life by using nice expressions.D.Prepare kids with those bad verbal expressions.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Mexico City. B. Maryland. C. Los Angeles. D. China.18.A. Public health. B. Journalism. C. Writing. D. IT.19. A. To stay in Mexico City for long.B.To learn to write more about public health.C.To go around the world and see more people.D.To move to China or Japan.20. A. She got the job on the bulletin board.B.She got the job on the newspaper.C.She got the job from friend in Mexico City.D.She got the job on the web.Five【虹口一模】I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. At a book fair. D. At an art center.2.A. Relieved. B. Delighted. C. Favorable. D. Doubtful.3.A. She has made her vacation plans. B. She has wasted piles of paper.C. She will continue her work on nature.D. She has too much work to do.4.A. She is doing charity work on the clothes.B.She is working hard for the coming exam.C.She is looking forward to attending the party.D.She is busy preparing for the fashion show.5.A. The gallery is a good place for the exhibition.B.Preparing for the exhibition won’t be easy.C.The woman isn’t telling the truth about the offer.D.The woman is making a deadly decision.6.A. He got a ticket to the workshop.B.He didn’t work very carefully.C.He used to drive carelessly.D.He was fined someday last week.7.A. They share the same opinion on the candidate.B.They are both elected president of the Student Union.C.They are reading the same page of the most recent issue.D.They were mad at the candidate for the president of the Student Union.8.A. He missed the beginning of the documentary.B.He fell asleep before the documentary ended.C.He enjoyed the end of the documentary.D.He didn’t see the documentary at all.9. A. Continue with the work. B. Call someone for help.C. Stop working today.D. Get it done next week.10.A. Dr. Smith didn’t put the man on his schedule.B.Dr. Smith is very busy on Mondays.C.Dr. Smith usually sees patients at once.D.Dr. Smith is hard to see.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. How to eat chocolate without gaining weight.B.The harmful effects of eating milk chocolate.C.The effects of eating chocolate on emotions.D.The health benefits of eating chocolate.12.A. Eating a small amount of chocolate led to positive emotions.B.Higher blood pressure resulted from having no chocolate at all.C.A balanced diet, exercise and chocolate could lead to a healthier life.k chocolate is absolutely not good for people at all.13. A. People who plan to change their diet. B. People who exercise less often.C. People who eat chocolate regularly.D. People who want to lose weight.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. The popularity of travel guidebooks.B.The decline of travel guidebooks.C.The close connection between guidebooks and travelers.D.Travel guidebooks’ ability to make money.15. A. Social networks. B. Travel guidebooks.C. Clerks from travel business.D. Hotel reception.16. A. Its high price. B. Its lack of cultivation of individuality.C. Its incomplete introduction.D. The rise of the Internet.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. How Indian food is made.B.Why English foods are often tasteless.C.Why foods in some countries are spicy.D.How spicy food was introduced into England.18.A. The food in cold regions is usually tasty.B.The climate has little effect on the local food.C.India and England have quite similar climates.D. Spicy food causes people to sweat, cooling them off.19.A. Because they cover the bad smells of food.B.Because they give the food a unique flavor.C.Because they slow down the growth of bacteria.D.Because they come in handy where there is no refrigerator.20.A. The mention of garlic and onion makes the woman hungry.B.The unique flavor of the plants has contributed to their survival.C.The plants and bacteria can live in harmony to some extent.D.It takes a longer time for those plants like onions and garlic to grow.Six【闵行一模】Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Her good friend. B. Her doctor.C. Her personal trainer.D. Her sports teacher.2.A. Leave Daisy alone for the time being. B. Go to see Daisy immediately.C. Make an apology to Daisy in person.D. Buy Daisy a new notebook.3.A. What to prepare for the picnic. B. How to keep the food from being wet.C. Where to have a picnic.D. How the weather is the next day.4.A. Exhausted. B. Thirsty. C. Dizzy. D. Senseless.5.A. He is likely to arrive earlier than Susan. B. He is too busy to attend the party.C. Susan is unlikely to go to the party.D. It’s up to Susan to make the decision.6.A. A lot of students need help. B. Joining a tutoring group is rewarding.C. The woman should spare time on study. D The woman has tutored for a long time.7.A. He often complains. B. He is worried about everything.C. He is a happy man.D. He always causes troubles.8.A. He’ll get a similar T-shirt. B. He will get a new T-shirt for free.C. He’ll get his money back.D. He can complain to the manager.9.A. How well the camera functions. B. How to use the camera correctly.C. How to get the pictures printed.D. How the pictures will turn out.10. A. The exam had little to do with the book. B. The man could hardly finish the exam.C. The exam questions were too difficult.D. The man found the questions confusing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Come down from high places. B. Hide themselves in holes.C. Search for shelters.D. Run around impatiently.12.A. By feeling a decrease in air pressure.B.By noticing the change of wind directions.C.By feeling a drop in air temperature.D. By observing the behaviors of other animals.13. A. Birds and Signs of a Storm. B. Air Pressure and Weather Change.C. Animals’ Sharp Senses.D. Weather Signs from Animals.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. By forcefully sending them home.B.By automatically deleting after-work emails.C.By banning the use of the email systems.D.By shortening the working hours.15.A. Because of the low working efficiency.C.Because of the extended working hours.16.A. Strategies to protect private life.C.Ways to use work emails effectively. B. Because of the tight break time.D. Because of the poor family conditions.B. Policies to raise working efficiency.D. Measures to guarantee personal life.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The long working hours. B. The choice of the jobs.C. His inability to hold the job.D. The low salary offer.18.A. He prefers teaching to doing administration.B.He is unable to meet the requirement of the comprehensive school.C.He might be turned down for being too young.D.He wants to sign a long-term contract.19. A. Lowly paid but secure. B. Time-consuming and tiring.C. Varied and interesting.D. Flexible but demanding.20.A. The man is likely to take the comprehensive school job.B.The woman suggests the man wait for better offers.C.The man is in favour of the technique school position.D.The woman has a low opinion of the comprehensive school.Seven【普陀一模】Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. She dislikes it. B. She likes to share it with others.C. She doesn’t mind using it.D. She works on it every day.2.A. She likes reading food labels. B. She likes waiting for her son for hours.C. She has no interest in shopping.D. She knows how to make food labels.3.A. She can’t finish her work in the evening. B. She has nothing special to do in the evening.C. She goes to the movies in the evening.D. She watches TV while eating dinner.4.A. He stopped a policeman from speeding. B. He was once punished for speedingC. He once saw a police officer speeding.D. He used to work as a policeman5.A. He can go to buy some socks. B. He likes playing football.C. He doesn't like to watch a football game.D. His socks are as good as new.6.A. To work with students. B. To borrow a phone from students.C. To use his cell phone more.D. To give up computers.7.A. They are both crazy about space. B. The man likes space more than the woman.C. They seldom watch movies about space.D. They hope to go to space together.8.A. She was attacked by a small lion. B. She dislikes little lions.C. She has adopted many lions.D. She is braver than others.9.A. The man likes the woman’s new job. B. The man hopes to be a math teacher.C. The woman likes math and science.D. The woman is the man’s teacher.10. A. The city is so quiet in summer. B. People come here for summer holidays.C. It's too hot to live here in summer.D. The city’s traffic is terrible in summer.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11.A. Less breakfast and more dinner. B. Big breakfast and small dinnerC. Keeping blood sugar levels steady.D. Saving calories for dinner.12.A. 16 B. 60 C.16,000 D. 60,00013.A. He wants to eat something sweet. B. He wants to eat more at lunch.。
2021上海高三英语一模分类汇编：完型填空专题
2021上海高三英语一模分类汇编完型填空专题2021宝山一模A study from Switzerland’s Université de Genève(UNIGE) looked to answer the question of which came first: a decrease in physical activity or cognitive (认知的) decline?“Interrelationships have been ____ 41____ between these two factors, particularly in terms of memory but also regarding the growth and survival of new neurons (神经元).” said Boris Cheval, a researcher at UNIGE’S Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences (CISA) in a press release. “But we have never yet ____42____ tested which comes first: Does physical activity prevent a decline in cognitive skills or ____43____ ? That’s what we wanted to ____44____ .”Earlier studies have considered that physical activity ____45____ cognitive decline. But according to Cheval, recent studies may ____46____ that past research has “only told half the story… since those recent studies demonstrate that our brain is ____47____ when it comes to engaging in physical activity.”Researchers at UNIGE tested the two possible ____48____ by using data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, a socioeconomic database covering more than 25 countries across the continent.Over the course of 12 years, 105, 206 adults ____49____ in age from 50 to go were tested every two years on their cognitive abilities and their physical activity.Researchers ____50____ cognitive abilities with a verbal fluency test that saw participants name as many animals as they could in 60 seconds. They also tested cognitive abilities with a ____51____ test where they memorized 10 words before reciting them. Physical activity was measured using a scale from 1 to 4. A 1 indicated participants “never” ____52____ physical activity while a 4 meant they were physically ____53____ “more than once a week”.The study found that the ____54____ of what past studies concluded was true ―cognitive abilities mostly influence physical activity, not the other way around.“This study backs up our theory that the brain has to make a real effort to get out of a sitting lifestyle and that by ____55____ cognitive capabilities, physical activity will follow,” Cheval said.41. A. neglected B. prevented C. confused D. established42. A. formally B. separately C. individually D. casually43. A. at times B. vice versa C. by chance D. in part44. A. release B. admit C. confirm D. oppose45. A. prevents B. encourages C. influences D. reduces46. A. mislead B. contradict C. ignore D. indicate47. A. abandoned B. involved C. entertained D. processed48. A. factors B. elements C. options D. subjects49. A. ranging B. judging C. expanding D. varying50. A. balanced B. restricted C. surveyed D. measured51. A. observation B. reflection C. memory D. imitation52. A. concerned about B. engaged in C. stood for D. gave up53. A. motionless B. casual C. active D. passive54. A. consequence B. similarity C. difference D. opposite55. A. working on B. reflecting over C. crossing out D. putting off Key: 41--45DABCA 46—50DBCAD 51—55CBCDA2021黄浦一模Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I’ve seen my share of airports. They come in several 41 . The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both42 by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada’s Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two 43 on our flight.At the other extreme are the 44 , modern airports in the world’s major cities. LAX, inLos Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing’s Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have 45 terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little 46 .Heathrow airport in London, England, 47 that bigger is not always better. Heathrow consists of terminals used by various 48 and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the 49 that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won’t announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and 50 your gate, some of which are a 25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no 51 for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I’m waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place, not an area 52 bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is 53 not half the fun. Airplanes are a very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) 54part of the process. Most airports do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be 55 , not really enjoyed.41. A. types B. cities C. areas D. sizes42. A. identified B. handled C. promoted D. processed43. A. guards B. astronauts C. pilots D. passengers44. A. tremendous B. crowded C. international D. fashionable45. A. flexible B. multiple C. available D. irregular46. A. exciting B. astonishing C. confusing D encouraging47. A. regulates B. emphasizes C. encounters D. demonstrates48. A. functions B. departments C. airlines D. authorities49. A. recreation B. presentation C. announcement D. impression50. A. look for B. get to C. meet at D. check out51. A. exception B. doubt C. apology D. excuse52. A. filled with B. dominated by C. decorated with D. recognized by53. A. increasingly B. permanently C. attentively D. definitely54. A. effective B. optional C. necessary D. suitable55. A. simplified B. endured C. declared D. paralleledKey: 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. B51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. B2021崇明一模In the United States, there have been no deaths from commercial airline accidents since 2013. In fact, for decades, there has been a general 41 trend in the number of accidents per departure.Complex systems are more likely to suffer from failures, but commercial aviation (航空) seems to be a(n) 42 . Since the 1960s, U.S. commercial aviation has become significantly more complex, and yet, flying has become safer. What lies behind this remarkable trend is a handful of smart approaches to 43 . Here are two of them.1. Teach people to speak up—and to listenA common error during airplane accidents used to be the 44 of first officers to question the captain’s poor decisions. When the captain was flying the airplane, he was hard to challenge, and his mistakes went 45 .All this began to change in the late 1970s with a training program known as Crew Resource Management (CRM). The program revolutionized the 46 not just of the cockpit (机舱) but also of the whole industry. It reframed safety as a 47 issue and put all crew members on more equal footing. It was no longer 48 to question the decisions of a superior; it was required. And CRM taught crew members the language of disagreement.The lesson isn’t simply that people lower down in the 49 should speak up and higher-ups should listen. What CRM has shown is that people can be taught to speak up and to listen. The ability to express and embrace 50 isn’t hardwired in our personality or cultural background; it’s a skill we can learn.2. Learn from small failures and close callsIn 1976, the US Federal Aviation Administration created an industry-wide system to collect safety reports. The Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) collects thousands of reports each month. Beyond receiving immunity (豁免权) for a mistake, it’s a point of 51 for pilots to submit ASRS reports. They know the reports make air travel safer. The reports are stored in a searchable database that anyone can 52 , and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) highlights safety trends in its monthly newsletter, Callback.Here, too, there is a 53 lesson. Small mistakes and near misses can be a rich source of data about what might 54 in our system. Mistakes shouldn’t be 55 . By openly sharing stories of failures and near failures, we can treat errors as an opportunity to learn.41. A. similar B. steady C. long-term D. downward42. A. example B. exception C. symbol D. alternative43. A. assessment B. management C. competition D. contribution44. A. failure B. effort C. pressure D. convenience45. A. predictable B. imaginary C. unchecked D. unforgiven46. A. performance B. structure C. culture D. standard47. A. team B. state C. side D. policy48. A. immoral B. unrewarding C. disrespectful D. inconvenient49. A. age B. position C. salary D. attractiveness50. A. excitement B. discomfort C. respect D. disagreement51. A. pride B. sacrifice C. entertainment D. literacy52. A. create B. afford C. analyze D. access53. A. broader B. clearer C. more bitter D. more costly54. A. break out B. go wrong C. take shape D. slow down55. A. obstacles B. failures C. experiments D. secretsKey: 41. D42. B43. B 44. A45. C 46. C47. A48. C49. B50.D 51. A52. D53. A54. B55. D2021徐汇一模A trending new addition to travel destinations around the world is freezing-yet-beautiful Alaska. The poles, the dancing lights, and the winter wonderlands have always attracted extreme travelers --- but this time, there is more than the magical draw of the (41)_______ that is inviting people up towards the corners of the globe: climate change.There’s a strange form of climate anxiety, which is driving more people to places and sights that may (42) _______ to exist in the coming years or decades. Alaska (43) _______ the list of climate-tempted travel destinations. The northern and otherwise-serene Alaskan village of Kaktovik(44) _________ a major boom in tourism last year, as over 2,000 people appeared on its lightly(45)_______ gravel（砂砾）and snowy streets. Until earlier in the decade, local news reports say, the village had fewer than 50 annual visitors. The main (46) _______ now are polar bears, which are being forced into towns by a warming planet and the shrinking Arctic sea ice. All the heating is making it far easier for wildlife (47) _______ and effortless bear selfies. Most visitors are reportedly from China, Europe, or the USA, often arriving on fuel-consuming chartered planes.Around the mid 1990s, researchers began (48) _______ more female bears denning（筑巢）on land instead of in the ice. And seasons of tourism match up with changing bear behavior. It peaks in autumn (which is also far warmer and breezier than the forthcoming winter - and climate change is making things more pleasant in general) when sea ice is far from the shore, and bears can become (49) _______ on the land until the sea freezes again in winter.A report in the Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment found, “Alaska has warmed more than twice as rapidly as the rest of the United States.” This year, alarming temperatures were reported from Alaska. Every day since April 25 saw above (50) _______ temperatures, the longest streak in a century.While bears have their charm, melting glaciers are a landscape in their own right. With (51)_______ like the recent one that glaciers could be melting at 100 times faster than (52)_______thought, the number of tourists on ice seems to be going up consistently. Alaska’s tour companies have reported an extraordinary increase --- and the number of polar cruises reportedly went up 33 percent in the last decade. Some glaciers have been marked by the rate of melt for tourists to watch and imagine the (53) _______ from where they stand, much like visitors to the Berlin wall picture the past. As the landscape changes, tour companies have had to (54) _______ their regular routes and hikes too - some glaciers that had (55) _______ by foot only a decade ago can now only be reached by helicopter.41. A. east B. west C. north D. south42. A. cease B. continue C. stick D. try43. A. releases B. reviews C. tops D. creates44. A saw B. indicated C. developed D. predicted45. A. located B. populated C. upgraded D. occupied46. A. species B. attractions C. destinations D. identifications47. A. protecting B. evaluating C. dismissing D. spotting48. A. training B. tempting C. feeding D. noticing49. A. initiated B. inhabited C. stranded D. hunted50. A. average B. comfortable C. humiliated D. global51. A. evaluations B. predictions C. regulations D. generalizations52. A. carefully B. beneficially C. previously D. specially53. A. future B. currency C. temporary D. history54. A. identify B. stabilize C. eliminate D. modify55. A. view B. access C. network D. coastKey: 41-45 CACAB 46-50 BDDCA 51-55 BCADB2021虹口一模If you’re chained to your phone and unhappy about it, you might consider receiving smartphone notifications(通知) at set __41__ throughout the day rather than as they come.Researchers at Duke University and Georgetown University found that study participants who received notifications set to arrive only three times a day reported better moods, higher __42__, and greater feelings of control over their phones. In comparison with participants who received notifications as usual and another group of participants who received no notifications at all, study participants also __43__ their phones less often.In total, 237 smartphone owners living in India participated in the study. Participants downloaded an Android app developed by the researchers that regulated the __44__ of phone notifications. Respondents also were asked to report in a daily diary __45__ measures including: “concentration, distraction, stress, anxiety, mood, productivity, social connectedness, and work enjoyment -- as well as phone-specific __46__: feeling of being interrupted by notifications, sense of missing out on notifications, sense of control over phone, social pressure to __47__ others, phone overuse, and intentional phone checking.” Participants were informed that they could always __48__ their notifications by opening individual apps. And the authors give their further explanation, “__49__, we only controlled the delivery of notifications (e.g., to the lock screen), rather than preventing messages from being accessed at all.”“Compared to those in the control condition (notifications as usual), participants whose notifications were set three-times-a-day felt more __50__, productive, in a better mood, and in greater control of their phones,” the researchers write, noting that this group also reported lower stress levels.“In contrast, participants who did not receive notifications at all __51__ few of those benefits, but experienced higher levels of anxiety and ‘__52__ of missing out’ (FoMO).” They’ve released the app, called Daywise, for personal use through Google Play. But Daywise has been only __53__ on the Android platform so far. “Unlike the app Android, iOS (short for Internetwork Operating System) doesn’t allow __54__ party developers to control notifications to a degree we’d like for setting to work in a nuanced (细微的) manner,” DayWise creator Ranjan Jagannathan told us. “Till we’re able to do this __55__ enough, we will not be able to build a powerful version of Daywise for iOS. We are working for it.”41.A. spots B. periods C. lengths D. intervals42.A. standard B. productivity C. pay D. expectation43.A. exchange B. replace C. unlock D. unfold44.A. delivery B. transfer C. assignment D. flow45.A. strict B. distinct C. various D. dramatic46.A. information B. outcomes C. atmosphere D. motivations47.A. approve of B. compete with C. make out D. respond to48.A. operate B. access C. unload D. maintain49.A. Above all B. In addition C. In other words D. On the other hand50.A. attentive B. respectful D. distracted D. considerate51.A. seized B. harvested C. offered D. weighed52.A. sense B. delight C. intention D. fear53.A. responsible B. reliable C. available D. reversible54.A. leading B. related C. major D. third55.A. flexibly B. rapidly C. formally D. automaticallyKey: 41 - 55 DBCAC BDBCA BDCDA2021闵行一模For centuries, people have had a strong sense that it is absolutely beneficial to read fairy tales to children. However, the benefits might have been 41 . Some researchers are reassessing this long-established belief and after years of surveys and observations, they are sending out the message: reading too much Cinderella to your daughter may 42 damage her in later life. A paper to be developed at the international congress of cognitive psychotherapy (认知心理疗法) suggests a link between the 43 of women abused (虐待) by their partners and early exposure to the wrong sort of fairy tales. It says girls who 44 Cinderella, Rapunzel and Beauty in Beauty and the Beast were more likely to stay in 45 relationships as adults.The theory was developed by Susan Darker Smith, a psychotherapist at the University of Derby. She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one 46severe abuse because they believed they could change their partners with patience and love. The same view was 47 by male survivors who had been abused as children. Hardly any of the women and men in a control group, who had not 48 abuse, thought they could change theirpartners in this way. These women and men said they would 49 a relationship rather than suffer the abuse from a partner. Ms. Darker Smith found that these abused women were much more likely to sympathize with Cinderella and other female characters who tended to obey instead of 50 .Although most girls heard the stories, damage appeared to be done to those who 51the characters as role models. “They believe if their love is strong enough they can change their partners’ 52 ,” she said. “ 53 in children to stories that emphasize the transformational qualities of love may make women believe they can change their partners.” For example, they might never have understood the obvious 54 in the story of Rapunzel, who remained locked in a high tower until rescued by a knight on a white horse, who broke the door down. “The question,” said Ms. Darker Smith, “is why she did not break the door by herself? After all, being 55 is a desirable characteristic that children should learn to possess from the early age and prevail in the life time. ”41. A. enhanced B. overestimated C. highlighted D. justified42. A. physically B. intellectually C. academically D. emotionally43. A. attitude B. conflict C. uncertainty D. coincidence44. A. acted as B. identified with C. turned to D. accounted for45. A. imaginary B. deceiving C. destructive D. mysterious46. A. made up for B. had control over C. fell off into D. put up with47. A. shared B. disclosed C. contrasted D. argued48. A. exploded B. challenged C. undergone D. blamed49. A. restore B. leave C. restrict D. survive50. A. resisting B. enduring C. concealing D. adapting51. A. excluded B. revealed C. imposed D. adopted52. A. prejudice B. fate C. behavior D. ignorance53. A. Overexposure B. Contribution C. Access D. Commitment54. A. plot B. conclusion C. moral D. weakness55. A. confident B. independent C. innocent D. optimisticKey: 41. B42. D43. A44. B45. C46. D47. A48. C49. B50.A 51. D52. C53. A54. D55. B2021闵行一模A Female Construction Team Won the 2020 Pritzker Architecture PrizeA famous international club consists of only three members. That’s the number of women architects who have won the Pritzker Architecture Prize since its birth in 1979. Today, that club will (41)________ two more: Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara, founders of the Irish studio Grafton Architects. They are known for producing excellent buildings of brick and concrete that (42)________ surprising light and air within.“Without grand (43)________, they have managed to create monumental buildings,” reads the statement issued by the Pritzker jury, “but even so they are zoned and (44)________ in such a way as to produce more spaces t hat create community within.”“To be an architect is an enormous honor,” said Farrell in a statement. “To win this prize is a great (45)________ of our belief in architecture.”With their victory, they joined the Design Elite as the 47th and 48th Pritzker Architecture Prize. They have also joined the (46)________ of the more elegant women who have won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, including the late Iraqi British architect Zaha Hadid (47)________ Kazuyo Sejima of the Japanese firm SANAA and Carme Pigem of RCR Arquitectes, a studio from Spain.Farrell and McNamara are, as the judges point out, pioneers in a field that has (48)________ been and still is a male-dominated profession. For the architects, the Pritzker marks a historic, trans-Atlantic (49)________. Last month they were awarded the Royal Gold Medal in architecture by the Royal Institute of British Architects. In the history of the Pritzker Architecture Prize, they are the fourth and fifth female architects to receive the respected (50)________ and the first all female team to do so.Both awards (51)________ an important moment for women in architecture, but they are also at the top of their profession for architects. In a field known for its well-known men, they are a (52)________ low-key combination. Though large (53)________, the building they designedoffers small corners and courtyards for gardens, and sheltered places to be alone, enjoying the cityscape. Move in close, and you’ll get an exciting sight of flying passageways and leaping staircases.The architects’ ability to (54)________ quality with more human spaces, as well as their attention to context, was noted by the Pritzker judges in their statement. The dialogues they create between buildings and surroundings (55) ________ a new appreciation of both their works and place.41. A. conduct B. admit C. permit D. attract42. A. harbor B. absorb C. introduce D. engage43. A. materials B. gestures C. conditions D. events44. A. detailed B. interested C. motivated D. involved45. A. satisfaction B. comfort C. support D. challenge46. A. levels B. posts C. positions D. ranks47. A. except for B. as well as C. due to D. other than48. A. extensively B. socially C. traditionally D. individually49. A. sweep B. jump C. flight D. improvement50. A. praise B. compliment C. regard D. award51. A. mark B. refer C. suppose D. show52. A. decidedly B. terribly C. gradually D. legally53. A. in nature B. in shape C. in scale D. in force54. A. exchange B. compare C. equip D. combine55. A. explore B. demonstrate C. evaluate D. cultivateKey: 41-45 B A B A C 46-50 D B C A D 51-55 A A C D B2021普陀一模A Female Construction Team Won the 2020 Pritzker Architecture PrizeA famous international club consists of only three members. That’s the number of women architects who have won the Pritzker Architecture Prize since its birth in 1979. Today, that clubwill (41)________ two more: Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara, founders of the Irish studio Grafton Architects. They are known for producing excellent buildings of brick and concrete that (42)________ surprising light and air within.“Without grand (43)________, they have managed to create monumental buildings,” reads the statement issued by the Pritzker jury, “but even so they are zoned and (44)________ in such a way as to produce more spaces that create community within.”“To be an architect is an enormous honor,” said Farrell in a statement. “To win this prize is a great (45)________ of our belief in architecture.”With their victory, they joined the Design Elite as the 47th and 48th Pritzker Architecture Prize. They have also joined the (46)________ of the more elegant women who have won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, including the late Iraqi British architect Zaha Hadid (47)________ Kazuyo Sejima of the Japanese firm SANAA and Carme Pigem of RCR Arquitectes, a studio from Spain.Farrell and McNamara are, as the judges point out, pioneers in a field that has (48)________ been and still is a male-dominated profession. For the architects, the Pritzker marks a historic, trans-Atlantic (49)________. Last month they were awarded the Royal Gold Medal in architecture by the Royal Institute of British Architects. In the history of the Pritzker Architecture Prize, they are the fourth and fifth female architects to receive the respected (50)________ and the first all female team to do so.Both awards (51)________ an important moment for women in architecture, but they are also at the top of their profession for architects. In a field known for its well-known men, they are a (52)________ low-key combination. Though large (53)________, the building they designed offers small corners and courtyards for gardens, and sheltered places to be alone, enjoying the cityscape. Move in close, and you’ll get an exciting sight of flying passageways and leaping staircases.The architects’ ability to (54)________ quality with more human spaces, as well as their attention to context, was noted by the Pritzker judges in their statement. The dialogues they create between buildings and surroundings (55) ________ a new appreciation of both their works and place.41. A. conduct B. admit C. permit D. attract42. A. harbor B. absorb C. introduce D. engage43. A. materials B. gestures C. conditions D. events44. A. detailed B. interested C. motivated D. involved45. A. satisfaction B. comfort C. support D. challenge46. A. levels B. posts C. positions D. ranks47. A. except for B. as well as C. due to D. other than48. A. extensively B. socially C. traditionally D. individually49. A. sweep B. jump C. flight D. improvement50. A. praise B. compliment C. regard D. award51. A. mark B. refer C. suppose D. show52. A. decidedly B. terribly C. gradually D. legally53. A. in nature B. in shape C. in scale D. in force54. A. exchange B. compare C. equip D. combine55. A. explore B. demonstrate C. evaluate D. cultivateKey: 41-45 B A B A C 46-50 D B C A D 51-55 A A C D B2021青浦一模For students chasing lasting wealth, the best choice of a college major is less obvious than you might think.The conventional wisdom is that computer science and engineering majors have better employment __41__ and higher earnings than their peers who choose liberal arts.This is true for the first job, but the long-term story is more __42__. The advantage for STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) majors __43__ steadily after their first jobs, and by age 40, the earnings of people who majored in fields like social science or history have reached the same level.This happens for two reasons. First, many of the latest technical skills that are in high __44__ today become out-dated when technology progresses. Older workers must learn these new skills onthe fly, __45__ younger workers may have learned them in school. Skill undesirability and the increased __46__ from younger graduates work together to lower the earnings advantage for STEM degree-holders as they age.Second, although liberal arts majors start low, they __47__ catch up to their peers in STEM fields. This is by design. A liberal arts education __48__ valuable “soft skills” like problem-solving, critical thinking and adaptability. Such skills are hard to quantify, and they don’t create clear __49__ to high-paying first jobs. But they have __50__ in a wide variety of careers in the long run.According to the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, computer science and engineering majors between the ages of 23 and 25 earned 37% higher than the average starting salary of those majoring in history or social sciences. __51__, the average salary of those majoring in computer science or engineering by age 40 was $111,870, and social science and history majors earned $131,154, an average that is __52__ in part, by high-paying jobs in management, business and law.Why did that happen? According to a 2018 survey, the three __53__ of college graduates that employers considered most important were written communication, problem-solving and the ability to work in a team. In the liberal arts tradition, these skills are built through the __54__ between instructors and students, and through close reading and analysis of a broad range of subjects and texts.I’m not suggesting that students should avoid majoring in STEM fields, bu t I do think we should be careful of the urge to make college curricula ever more __55__ and career-focused. A four-year college degree should prepare students for the next 40 years of working life, and for a future that none of us can imagine.41. A. perspectives B. processes C. performances D. prospects42. A. complicated B. unique C. interesting D. believable43.A. sharpens B. dominates C. fades D. worsens44. A. spirit B. favour C. esteem D. demand45. A. otherwise B. while C. since D. therefore46. A. concern B. caution C. competition D. cooperation47. A. dramatically B. gradually C. rapidly D. obviously。
上海市2021届高三上学期期末(一模)英语试卷精选汇编：完形填空专题(含答案)
完形填空专题上海市闵行区2021届高三上学期质量调研考试（一模）英语试卷III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For centuries, people have had a strong sense that it is absolutely beneficial to read fairy tales to children. However, the benefits might have been 41 . Some researchers are reassessing this long-established belief and after years of surveys and observations, they are sending out the message: reading too much Cinderella to your daughter may 42 damage her in later life. A paper to be developed at the international congress of cognitive psychotherapy (认知心理疗法) suggests a link between the 43 of women abused (虐待) by their partners and early exposure to the wrong sort of fairy tales. It says girls who 44 Cinderella, Rapunzel and Beauty in Beauty and the Beast were more likely to stay in 45 relationships as adults.The theory was developed by Susan Darker Smith, a psychotherapist at the University of Derby. She interviewed sixty-seven female abuse survivors and found that sixty-one 46severe abuse because they believed they could change their partners with patience and love. The same view was 47 by male survivors who had been abused as children. Hardly any of the women and men in a control group, who had not 48 abuse, thought they could change their partners in this way. These women and men said they would 49 a relationship rather than suffer the abuse from a partner. Ms. Darker Smith found that these abused women were much more likely to sympathize with Cinderella and other female characters who tended to obey instead of 50 .Although most girls heard the stories, damage appeared to be done to those who 51the characters as role models. “They believe if their love is strong enough they can change their partners’52 ,” she said. “53 in children to stories that emphasize the transformational qualities of love may make women believe they can change their partners.” For example, they might never have understood the obvious 54 in the story of Rapunzel, who remained locked in a high tower until rescued by a knight on a white horse, who broke the door down. “The question,” said Ms. Darker Smith, “is why she did not break thedoor by herself? After all, being 55 is a desirable characteristic that children should learn to possess from the early age and prevail in the life time. ”41. A. enhanced B. overestimated C. highlighted D. justified42. A. physically B. intellectually C. academically D. emotionally43. A. attitude B. conflict C. uncertainty D. coincidence44. A. acted as B. identified with C. turned to D. accounted for45. A. imaginary B. deceiving C. destructive D. mysterious46. A. made up for B. had control over C. fell off into D. put up with47. A. shared B. disclosed C. contrasted D. argued48. A. exploded B. challenged C. undergone D. blamed49. A. restore B. leave C. restrict D. survive50. A. resisting B. enduring C. concealing D. adapting51. A. excluded B. revealed C. imposed D. adopted52. A. prejudice B. fate C. behavior D. ignorance53. A. Overexposure B. Contribution C. Access D. Commitment54. A. plot B. conclusion C. moral D. weakness55. A. confident B. independent C. innocent D. optimisticSection A41-55. BDABC DACBA DCADB评分标准：每题1分。
上海市2021届高三上学期期末(一模)英语试卷精选汇编：语法和词汇专题
语法和词汇专题上海市闵行区2021届高三上学期质量调研考试（一模）英语试卷II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining (21) ______ we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering (22) ______ (consider) a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoying his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature, and (23) ______ is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that (24) ______ ______ some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider (25) ______ unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but (26) ______ one has self-confidence it would be unfortunat e to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who (27) ______ (experience) frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one (28) ______ be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and (29) ______ which you have given your best effort.”Whatever you define success, remember, we are born to live the lives we truly want and deserve, but not just the lives (30) ______ (settle) for us.Section A21. whether / if 22. is considered 23. who 24. even though/if 25. themselves26. if 27. was experiencing 28. can /could 29. to 30. settled评分标准：每题1分。
【高三英语一模】2021届上海高三英语一模11类16区专题汇编：语法填空
1.宝山区SOS message on the sand saves missing sailorsMicronesia is an area of the western Pacific Ocean with more than 600 islands, (21) covers a huge area of ocean north of the large island of New Guinea.Recently, three Micronesian sailors set out to sail 42 km from one Micronesian island to another. Unfortunately, they got (22) (lose), and then they ran out of fuel. After a long time drifting without power in the ocean, they landed on the tiny island of Pikelot, more than 100 km from their destination.Pikelot is just 450 meters long and 280 meters wide. The highest point on Pikelot is only four meters above the sea. No people live there, and there is no water. The little island (23) (cover) in trees and has sandy beaches.Three days after the three sailors set out on their voyage, they did not arrive at their destination, so ships and aircraft in the area began looking for the (24) (miss) men. But it was almost impossible to decide where (25) (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. One of the ships was the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra, which (26) (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board.During this time, the three sailors decided to write (27) message on the beach on their tiny island. They wrote a huge SOS in the sand. SOS is an international signal that people use (28) they need help. Luckily, people on an American aircraft saw the SOS message in the sand and contacted the Canberra. A helicopter (29) the ship landed on the beach and gave the men food and water. Soon after, a Micronesian boat arrived and rescued the three sailors. They are very lucky to be alive, and it was the SOS message in the sand (30) saved them.答案：21. which 22. lost 23. is covered 24. missing 25. to look 26. was sailing 27. a28. when 29.from 30. ThatGeography Makes a Silent ReturnIn many ways geography is the forgotten science. Even the word “geography” tends to make people think of students (21) (label) maps in social studies class. But that hasn’t always been true. Before the internet, the world was a mysterious place. In many cases, people didn’t really know (22)existed a few miles from home. Studying geography offered people a way to learn about the world.Geography, (23) (define) as the study of Earth, has always had a focus on maps. But mapping hasn’t alw ays been easy. In the days before satellites, mapmaking required years of dangerous and difficult work. But mapping also meant a chance at adventure and fame.Geography became the subject of explorers. People were eager to hear about the new things and places (24) geographers had studied. National Geographic is a great example of this interest. For more than a hundred years, the magazine’s stories and pictures (25) (tell) people about our exciting world.Technology has changed the way people think about geography. Travel is now easy. The internet makes information simple (26) (find). We trust our phones to take us (27) we want to go. Even National Geographic has expanded beyond traditiona l geography, but that doesn’t mean geography has become (28) (important).While some apps are obvious examples of modern geography in action, geography remains important in more subtle (不易察觉的) ways, too. Geography, which helps house hunters, solves public health issues, and determines good locations for new businesses, (29) (use) to plan communities as well.Like traditional geographers, modern geographers study many different topics. That makes them well-suited for many different jobs and industries. Toda y, geographers often have titles like “urban planner” or “data analyst”. And the world is noticing (30) number of graduates with degrees in geography is also growing.Maybe it’s time for you to discover the forgotten science again.答案：21. labelling / labeling 22. what 23. defined 24. that / which 25. have told / have beentelling 26. to find 27. where / wherever 28. less important 29. i s used 30. theChildren moving from primary to secondary school are ill-equipped to deal with the booming of social media, as itis playing an increasingly important role in their lives, and is exposing them to significant emotional risks, according to a recent report by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner for England.The report shows that many children in year 7 – the first year of secondary school, 21 almost everyone in the class will have a phone and be active on social media – feel under pressure to be constantly connected.They kind of 22 (worry) about their online image, particularly when they start to follow celebrities on Instagram and other platforms. They are also upset about “sharenting” – when parents post pictures of them on social media without 23 (permit) – and show the concern 24 their parents won’t listen if they ask them to take pictures down.The report, based on group interviews with 8- to 12-year-olds , shows that 25 most social media sites have an official age limit of 13, an 26 （estimate）75% of 10- to 12-year-olds will have a social media account.Some children are almost addicted to “likes”, the report says. Aaron, an 11-year-old in year 7, told researchers, “If Igot 150 likes, I’d be like, that’s pretty cool, it means they like you.”Some children described feeling 27 (confident) than those they follow on social media. Aimee, also 11, said, “28 (compare) yourself with them, you might feel devalued because you’re not very pretty.”Children’s Commissioner for England Anne Longfield is calling on parents and teachers to do more to prepare children for the emotional impact of social media as they get older. “What a child has learnt at primary school does not guarantee he can protect 29 from the risks that social media will present.”“It means a bigger role for schools in making sure children 30 (prepare) for the emotional demands of social media. And it means social media companies are supposed to assume more responsibil ities.” Longfield s aid.答案：21.when 22. worry 23. being permitted 24.that 25.although/ though/ while 26. estimated27. less confident paring 29. himself 30.are preparedThe Rise of Robot-ChefsCREATOR is a new hamburger joint in San Francisco. It now claims to deliver a burger worth $18 for $6 -- in other words, (21) (provide) the quality associated with expensive restaurants at a fast-food price. What matters behind this claim is that its chef is a robot.Crea tor’s burger robot is a trolley-sized unit that has a footprint of two square metres. Customers send it their orders via a tablet. They are able to cook everything from (22) well-done the burger will be to the type of cheese and toppings they want.The process sounds rather simple now. But, in fact, the machine took eight years to perfect after it (23) (create). As far back as 2012, a mere two years into the project, it was described as “95% reliable”, but that is not enough for a busy kitchen. Chopping tomatoes was a particularly tough challenge, but even details like the very tool (24)packs the burger into a bag without squeezing it were tricky for the machine to master. Only now, with a machine to make reliably 120 burgers an hour, (25) Alex Vardakostas, the engineer behind the project, and his co-founders, a mixture of technologists and caterers, feel confident enough to open their first restaurant.Creator is not alone. Other robot chefs have already been working, (26) (prepare) entire meals, or soon will be, in kitchens in other parts of the world. (27) that, this new wave of automation could signal a dramatic shift in the way the fast food industry employs people. That does not necessarily mean (28) (employ) fewer staff. Rathe r, more of them will be in roles where they can directly help customers. “Creator’s goal is not to be the most automated and (29) (human-centered) restaurant, but actually not,” said Vardakostas.It is too early to say whether this first wave of robot chefs will develop well in such a demanding environment as the kitchen. (30) it does, it’s certain to mark a change in our relationship with cookery. Cooking could be something people choose to do simply for the sheer pleasure of it.答案：21. to provide 22. how 23. had been created 24. that 25. do 26. preparing 27. In spite of28. employing 29. the least human-centered 30. IfConsider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects, I’m sure(if you were anything like my younger self) that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I (21) (go) to in elementary and middle school, we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class. This was (22) I built up my collection of Cadoozles, which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I’ve long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I (23) (hide) in an empty mooncake tin so many years before, which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days, when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need (24) (sharpen); they also produce thinner, cleaner lines, which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, since you don’t have to buy (25) wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯). You can simply refill your mechanical pencil! There is only one slight negative I must remark on, (26) is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils “lead pencil” in casual conversation, the term “lead pencil” is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay, which (27) not give you lead poisoning. This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom: “John, stop that! You’re going to get lead poisoning!” I think all the third-graders (and teachers) in the world would feel much (28) (safe) if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one, but (29) the mooncake tin has become increasingly lighter, I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more. Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger; perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the mooncake tin when it was three-quarters full, hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me (30) (use) tomorrow.答案：21. went 22. how/when 23. had hidden 24. sharpening/to be sharpened25. another/a 26. which 27. can 28. safer 29. now that/in that 30. to useTasting a Biker’s LifeFor most of my life I knew nothing about motorcycles. I believed that motorcycleriders were tough and leather-wearing loners. They seemed (21) (look) fortrouble all the time, using the roar of a motorcycle engine to frighten others off.Then, on a warm May evening outside my house, my cousin came and showed mehis new motorcycle. Never had a real motorcycle (22) (present) in front ofme by a close family member. “It’s beautiful, isn’t it?” he asked. But I didn’t really understand what I was looking at.It wasn’t until August (23) I was able to actually ride on the motorcycle with him. I prepared (24) oversized leather jacket for myself. (25) (fill) with nervous energy, I held on tightly to my cousin. Soon the bike carried us onto the top of the hill, (26) we stopped to watch the sun set over the city below. I realized that was the most relaxing moment for me in months.Since then, my prejudices about motorcycle bikers (27) (start) to shift. On the back of a motorcycle, (28) (place) all your trust in someone to get you safely home is a way to remind you of the love they have for you. Later, whenever my cousin was gone on a Saturday ride, I would try on his leathers and look in the mirror, wondering if I was (29) a biker myself.Maybe the most important lesson, though, is that you really can’t judge a man by his appearance, (30)much leather he wears. Motorcycle bikers are not scary, or mean, or unapproachable. They’re adults who remember the freedom of riding their first bicycle, and are continuously seeking to recreate the experience.答案：21. to be looking 22. been presented 23. that 24. an 25. Filled 26. where/and27. have started 28. placing 29. like 30. no matter howMelbourne: So lovely. So... livable.Every year, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) releases a list of 140 cities and ranks them in terms of their “livability”. Melbourne (21) (top) the list for the fifth year running.The rankings rate “relative comfort” for more than 30 factors across five categories: stability, health care, education, infrastructure (基础设施), and culture and environment. The final scores (22) (calculate) as a percentage ranging from 1 (“intolerable”) to a perfect score of 100 (“ideal”).Take a look at the top 10 cities, and you will find that half of (23) are in Australia and New Zealand, three in Canada, and two in Europe. They’re all medium-size cities in prosperous countries, (24) relativelypeople’s答案：21. has topped 22. are calculated 23. them 24. with 25. most livable26. Though/ Although/ While 27. described 28. that 29. which 30. to beatUK-based supermarket Waitrose has been accused by social media users for selling tree leaves at 6 pounds.Photos of various tree leaves packaged in plastic bags and arranged as flower bouquets (花束) went hot on social media lately, (21) (cause) complaints because of the product's price, six British pounds. Considering tree leaves can literally be picked up from the street this time of year, it's understandable that some people went after Waitrose, accusing the supermarket of trying to make money by selling (22) that is actually free."A bag of actual leaves? I'll sell you a bin bag of leaves for 10p," one customer wrote."This has got to be from the drunk Monday morning meeting category of ideas," someone else commented.Apparently, the bizarre bouquets appeared on Waitrose supermarket shelves as a way to welcome autumn, and (23) (feature) a sticker urging customers to "bring the outdoors inside". "Brighten up your home with freshly picked f lowers (24) pleasant scents ( 香味) refresh the season," the official product description read. "We source the best blooms from expert growers, and handle them gently (25)they can look beautiful for longer."(26)the generally negative feedback on its autumn-themed product, the British supermarket proudly announced that the idea (27) (inspire) at the beginning of autumn by a demand from shoppers."(28) we intend to offer, we base our decision on the demands from customers. Our customers love using these leaves to mix in with their seasonal flowers to brighten their homes," a Waitrose spokesperson told The Sun.Interestingly, there were those who seemed to somewhat justify the price tag of this bag of leaves. They said that those were obviously "high quality leaves". Their claim (29) be true. But even a bottle of wine can be bought at the same price or less. It seems crazy to charge 6 pounds for a bag of leaves.This isn't the first time that English shops and supermarkets (30) (make) news headlines for selling free things at high prices. There used to be a shop in London, which sold painted logs for $14 apiece.答案：21 causing 22 something 23 featured 24 whose 25 so that 26 Despite 27 was inspired/had beeninspired 28 Whatever 29 may/can//could/might 30 have madeThere are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining (21) we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering (22) (consider) a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoying his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature, and (23) is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that (24) some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider (25) unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but (26) one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who (27) (experience) frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one (28) be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and (29) which you have given your best effort.”Whatever you define success, remember, we are born to live the lives we truly want and deserve, but not just the lives (30) (settle) for us.答案：21. whether / if 22. is considered 23. who 24. even though/if 25. themselves26. if 27. was experiencing 28. can /could 29. to 30. settled10.浦东新区Since astronomers confirmed the presence of planets beyond our solar system, called exoplanets, humans (21) (wonder) how many could harbor life.Now, we’re one step closer to (22) (find) an answer. According to the Kepler space telescope, about half the stars similar in temperature (23) our Sun could have a rocky planet capable of supporting liquid water on its surface.Our galaxy holds at least an (24) (estimate) 300 million of these potentially habitable worlds, based on even the most conservative interpretation of the results in a new study to be published in The Astronomical Journal.This research helps us understand the potential for these planets (25) (support) life. This is an essential part of astrobiology, the study of life’s origins and future in our universe.The study is authored by NASA scientists (26) worked on the Kepler mission alongside collaborators from around the world. NASA retired the space telescope in 2018 after it ran out of fuel. Nine years of the telescope’s observations revealed that there are billions of planets in our galaxy -- more planets than stars.(27)this result is far from a final value, it’s extremely exciting that we calculated that these worlds are this common with such high confidence.That’s a wide range of different stars, each with (28) own particular properties impacting whether the rocky planets in its orbit are capable of supporting liquid water. These complexities are partly why it is so difficult to calculate how many potentially habitable planets are out there, especially when even our (29) (powerful) telescopes can just barely detect these small planets. That’s (30) the research team took a new approach.答案：21. have wondered(或have been wondering) 22. finding 23. to 24. estimated 25. to support 26. who 27. Though 28. its 29. most powerful 30. whyThe Popular Mobile LibraryAround the world, the mobile library projects are bringing books and even advice to communities with serious and urgent needs.Every week, two modified blue buses (21) (stock) with children’s books carefully run down the streets of Kabul. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, (22) (deliver) a wealth of reading materials directly to the youngsters who have limited access to book s. “A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Rim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who (23)(inspire) to start Charm, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand (24) we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”For many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, and in some cities public transport is being regarded as means of getting books to communities that need (25) most. The vehicle was rebuilt not only to spread the joy of reading, but also to improve people’s life.Comic books were left on trains, buses and underground systems in the cities around the UK (26)(early) this month to mark 80 years of Marvel Comics.●Carriages on the two subway trains in Beijing were turned into audio book libraries, where passengers were able todownload books. To give the train a library feel, the walls are decorated with books, (27) covers look like bookshelves.●People in the Netherlands get to travel on trains for free during the country’s annual book week celebrations.Passengers can present a novel (28) a rail ticket.●In the Greek city of Thessaloniki, the transport ministry installed mini libraries at bus stops (29) (allow)passengers to read as they wait for the bus, or borrow and read on their journey to be returned at a later date.●Passengers on New York’s subway (30) download free short stories, poems, essays and so on totheir devices.答案：答案：21. stocked 22. delivering 23. was inspired 24. what 25. them26. earlier 27. whose 28. instead of / rather than 29. to allow 30. canEating jellyfish could save endangered fishAccording to the IUCN Red List 32,000 species are threatened with extinction —everything from birds and mammals. Despite national and international efforts being gathered to protect threatened species, we actively fish for many of them. For those of us who enjoy the odd fish and chips, this isn’t great news, (21) the researchers have come up with an unusual way we can help while still enjoying seafood — and it involves eating jellyfish.Between 2006 and 2014, 92 vulnerable or endangered species of seafood were being caught, recorded, and sold. When they are sold, it is rare that fish and invertebrate ( 无脊椎的) species (22) (require) to be labelled according to species, so consumers have no way of knowing (23) they’re eating.The research team stresses the fact (24) this is only a brief view of the real problem. “A lot of the seafood catch and import records are listed in groups like ‘marine fish’. Here we didn’t look at those vague records, we only looked at records (25) the actual species was listed —so we’ve made a huge unde restimate of the actual catch of endangered species.”There are some ways to untie the mess we’re creating in the world’s oceans, including (26) (expand) our idea of seafood to include jellyfish. That might sound a little off the theme, but it’s not the first time scientists have suggested (27) as a food source. It makes a lot of sense because Jellyfish is considered a minor species of wild animals and scientists might think its number is increasing worldwide.Of course, there are other ways to help keep endangered species (28) the menu. “We need to improve the labelling of seafood (29) the consumers can have all of the information to make an informed choice,” UQ conservation scientist Carissa Klein told ScienceAlert.And the informed choice, at least in some places, is (30) (easy) than you might imagine. In Australia, where the researchers are based, there’s the Sustainable Seafood Guide to provide the best choices for seafood. There’s also Seafood Watch in the US, which is run by the Monterey Bay Aquarium.答案：21. but22. are required23. what24. that25. where26. expanding27. it 28. off29. so that30. easierMusic Festival in MontrealEvery Sunday afternoon in the Plateau section ( 高原地区) of Montreal, thousands of people of all ages, nationalities, and economic backgrounds gather at the Jacques Cartier Monument in Mont Royal Park to play instruments, sing and dance. This weekly joyful event is called the “Tam-tam”— a name (21) (refer) to an African drum — and has become an institution among Montreal’s bohemians (放荡不羁的文化人).The Plateau is one of Canada’s most racially varied districts where French and English are both spoken, unlike the rest of French-speaking Montreal. Many artists, musicians, and writers inhabit this area due to the cheap rent of apartments and studios. In the sixties, it became known (22) the bohemian area of Montreal, and the stores began selling clothing, music and books (23) satisfied the tastes.Mont Royal Park is (24) many of these artists and musicians would meet in the sixties to have lunch or just spend an afternoon together. Musicians brought instruments, and eventually impromptu ( 即兴的) performance of jazz got started, (25) (attract) poets who recited their works to the music being performed.Word got out about these gatherings, and it appealed to even more people until it was decided that these gatherings would happen every Sunday afternoon. Not only (26) people have a great time at these gatherings, but it was also an excellent opportunity for musicians (27) (schedule) further meetings in order to cooperate on musical projects.Tam-tam (28) (become) a sort of Montreal institution already, which is drawing thousands of people every week and representing freedom and creativity, owing to (29) impromptu nature. The event begins around noon and ends at sunset. Everyone is invited to attend a Tam-tam with an instrument, (30) the hosts think the crowd participation can make Tam-tam a special occasion.答案：21. referring 22. as 23. that / which 24. where 25. attracting 26. did / could27. to schedule 28. has become 29. its / the 30. for / because / as / sinceWhen educators think of literacy -- the ability to read and write -- they often place more importance on students’ abilities to read and fully understand a piece of writing.But experts say critical and creative writing skills are equally important. And, they say, they (21) (overlook) too often in the classroom.Compared to reading, writing is (22) (active). It helps students be independent thinkers, take ownership of their stories and ideas and communicate them clearly to others, says Elyse Eidman-Aadahl. She heads the National Writing Project, (23) offers help for teachers who want to push students to write more.Elyse said, “I have to say (24) we want an education system just (25) (focus) on making people consumers and not on helping them be producers, this emphasis on reading only -- which does happen in so many places -- is very short-sighted.”She said students’ writing work now usually centers on examining a text, (26) presenting a new idea. Writing, she said, should be “the central thing you’re learning. Not writing on a test, not writing to demonstrate you’re learning (27) someone has taught you ”Teaching reading together with writing improves both skills, says Rebecca Wallace-Segall, who heads a New York City writing center, Writopia Lab.She said writing affects a person’s ability to r ead and more than 90 percent of young people in the Writopia program do not trust their writing abilities (28) they start. But she said they learn to enjoy the writing process and become more effective readers, too.Elyse said employers today seek work ers “all the time” who can write well. Digital tools increasingly mean that people are “(29)(interact) with the internet through writing,” she said.Young people are already writing all the time -- through text messages, emails and on social media.Elyse believes every young person today is a writer if they are connected to the internet. So, she added, “we have to help them do it in the best, most responsible, critical, prosocial way.”Rebecca argues that writing also helps students work through diff iculties they face in life “subconsciously”.“They’re not writing a story about a difficult father or directly about a bully in class, (30) creating a fictional scenario (电影剧本) that might feel distant enough for them to go deep into it.”答案：21. are overlooked 22. more active23. which24. unless 25. focused26. instead of/rather than 27. what28. when29. interacting 30. but。
上海市高三英语一模十一选十 汇编
2020届高三英语一模16区（15份）十一选十（小猫钓鱼）汇编01.黄浦区Beyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years. But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact (交易)– the space is much more horizontal, shortcutting how we create, share, and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to ___31___ in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to ___32___ with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may ___33___ consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion ___34___ consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them ___35___ to finance. Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts, such FinTechs cannot rely on ___36___ financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone-based credit scoring. It has ___37___ broad global support, including from the likes of the World Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial ___38___, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in tod ay’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence”. Readers are fascinated with how AI has the ___39___ to transform every consumer and enterprise(企业) industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will ___40___ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.31-35BEGKA36-40JHCFDSimba, everyone’s favorite baby lion, returns to movie theaters July 19th (in the U.S.). This time around, though, he will be much more 31 through the magic of CGL (电脑合成影像). The much-loved classic, The Lion King, will open for the 25th anniversary of the 32 movie.The 1994 film proved to be one of Hollywood’s best-loved vivid movies! It made almost US$970 million worldwide. The film went on to win numerous awards for its music and its later stage shows. Simba’s story opened on Broadway in 1997, followed by theatrical 33 around the world. Today, audiences on six continents have seen The Lion King34 on stage. Now, more than 20 years later, it is still one of Broadway’s most popular shows.Great 35 is building for the new movie. Disney released its first official video clip during Thanksgiving Day football games last year. The trailer (预告片) was viewed more than 224 million times in the first 24 hours!The trailer was received very positively, especially because of its realism. Some fans, though, noticed that the clip of the new film was 36 the same as in the 1994 opening scene. One Disney executive quickly gave some 37 . He said the movie kept the best of the original, while adding in some new elements.One thing that excited many viewers was the 38 of a very familiar voice. James Earl Jones, with his famous low but strong voice, has returned as Simba’s father Mufasa. Jones is the only one of the original voice actors to return in the new film.Many well-known people provide character voices, including popstar Beyonce and actor Seth Rogan. Director Jon Favreau expressed his excitement over 39 his all-star cast to such a great story. “It’s a director’s dream to 40 a talented team... to bring this classic story to life.”31. E 32. K 33. A 34. I 35. B 36. C 37. H 38. D 39. J 40. FStephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes 31 how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking’s, says that at a young age, Hawking 32 something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole 33 everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学) and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) 34 problem in the way physicists understand our world—a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) 35 of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public 36 and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences, the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great 37 for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking’s sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, 38 Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times—as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost paralyzed (瘫痪的). It took an enormous 39 for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his 40 challenges.31. D32. F33. A34. J35. C 36. H37. I38. B39. G40. EIs it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible ___31___ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) ___32___ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste ___33___ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it ___34___ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then ___35___, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,” said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation.”In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees(成材木) from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being ___36___.“We collect disposed limestone (石灰石) from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin (高密度聚乙烯树脂), which ___37___ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, ___38___ and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $10 to $25. Karst’s products are mainly sold through the company’s website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, ___39___ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over 70% of the customers are US-based,” he said.They hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about ___40___ investors for the first time in order to scale up their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.31----40. DGJHI KCFEAHow do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) ______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) ______ of infections as well as long-lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair-like tissueswhich keep the airways clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) ______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) ______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) ______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibilityof heart attacks and strokes.Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) ______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) ______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with almost (38) ______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) ______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) ______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette-free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.31. G 32. C 33.I 34.A 35.E 36.B 37.K 38.F 39.J 40. HMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the _____31_____ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely _____32_____ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was _____33_____ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a _____34_____ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may _____35_____ froma variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to _____36_____ the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can _____37_____ harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound _____38_____ in humans.“Microplastics are being found _____39_____ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our _____40_____ on plastic.”31-40 GAKHI DECBFEmphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also ____31____children’s joy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment of teaching.“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods ____32____information, they need to be allowed to be ____33____and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study’s lead author. “Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues ____34____the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic ____35____is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools ____36____ the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness (入学准备) than intelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show ____37____ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more ____38____ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt ____39____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the ____40____ progress my students have made in writing and reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t want to miss school, even if they were sick.”31—35：GHFJB 36—40: AIDECIn between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there’s one more option for you — a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi’s first-ever oxygen bar — named “Oxy Pure” — offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.The bar, __31__ in May, also offers its customers several aromas（香味）to choose from that can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen __32__. The device is placed near the customer’s nose through which they are advised to breathe in the aroma-filled oxygen.According to the aroma you choose, each session __33__ to improve one’s sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for __34__.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a try and went for the lemongrass flavour. It was __35__,” Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were __36__ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. But only people who undergo the sessions regularly will get real __37__ of the aroma,” he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don’t encourage back-to-back sessions, as __38__ levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy. It is __39__ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the 10-15 minute sessions a day,” he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not have any side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) __40__ move.31-40 F H C K B J A E I DBottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early ___32___ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice ___33___. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) ___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated（验证）the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever ___36___.Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And ___37___ inside were official documents written by the captain of the ship, ___38___ routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean ___39___ around the world.On the back of the notes were ___40___ to write the time and place the bottles were found and return them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and the vast ocean in particular.31. H 32. E 33. K 34. A 35. I 36. G 37. B 38. D 39. F 40. J10.长宁、金山区Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar (月球的) footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that 33 the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only 34 a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It 35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that 36 .” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 , didn’t exist at that point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would 38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people—and international viewers—along for the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEAD11.浦东新区Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was ____31____ over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, ____32____ in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more ____33____. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to ____34____ their wardrobe (衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long ____35____ to a seasonal pace.The ____36____ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that ____37____ natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes — and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to ___38___ their impact on labor and the environment — including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line — Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism ___39___ to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity (虚荣心) is a constant; people will only start shopping more ___40___ when they can’t afford not to.31-40 HBGIA KEFDJFounding Father of China’s Nuclear ProgramUnder the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (不扩散核武器条约), only five countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been __31__ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People’s Republic of China with __32__ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working __33__ with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its __34__ with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to __35__ the mysterious power of atomic physics.There was ridicule(嘲笑) following the __36__ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our __37__ to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the __38__ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was __39__ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development .Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was __40__, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military science.31-40KFACG IEBDHTime: is there ever enough of it? In today’s modern world, most of us are 31 with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth” of being busy suggests that while 32 brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we’re missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the 33 of our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) 34 on life that’s a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds” and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.Another thing technology has 35 us is the blurring (难以区分) between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it’s also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being “on” is a(n) 36 state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a 37 strategy. But if you don’t have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more 38 .People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don’t feel39 about, it’s no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn’t be to figure out how to do more, but 40 to figure out how to want less.31. J32. A33. E34. H35. G36. K37. I38. B39. F40. CAutism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social __31__ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication __32__, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have __34__ disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be __35__ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, __36__nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical __37__ to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it.No matter why it happens, ASD is being __38__ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is __39__. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD __40__ and grow in our communities.31-40 B G J F C I K E D A。
上海市宝山区2021届高三一模英语试卷含答案(试题答案)
上海市宝山区2021届高三一模英语试卷含答案（试题、答案）宝山区2021学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科质量监测试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1―10页）和第II卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题采用多项选择题形式，答案必须涂写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的试题，其答案必须写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题纸上正确涂写准考证号。
第I卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehensi on Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At home. 2. A. A journalist. 3. A.15 minutes.B. On a bus. B. An official.C. In a taxi.D. On a plane.C. An engineer.D. A cashier. C.120 minutes. D. 105 minutes. B. Teacher and student. D. Doctor and nurse.B. 90 minutes.4. A. Policeman and driver. C. Boss and clerk.5. A. The man isn’t sure whether he’ll go to the party. B. The manjust returned from a visit to the Andersons. C. The man may not be able to give the woman a ride. D. The man will get his car back on Friday. 6. A. He hasn’t had a chance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news. C. He didn’t know that Kathy was being moved. D. His new officewill be located in New York. 7. A. The style is more important than the color.B. The green dress do esn’t fit as well as the blue one.C. The woman should buy a dress instead of a suit.D. The woman looks better in blue.8. A. Few students meet Professor Johnson’s requirements. B. Fewstudents understand Professor Johnson’s lecture.1C. Many students have dropped Professor Johnson’s class.D. Manystudents find Professor Johnson’s lecture boring.9. A. The man will take the camera to be repaired. B. The woman willtake a picture of the man.C. The woman will show the man how to use the camera.D. The woman will borrow the man’s camera. 10. A. He can’t get a room at the hotel.B. He didn’t get the type of room he wanted.C. He expected the roomto be more expensive. D. He thought he had already made a reservation. Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you willbe asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are basedon the following passage. 11. A. A New York tour guide. B. A computer expert. 12. A. A science fiction cartoon.C. A film maker.D. A teacher. B. A scientific program. D. A dream about New York City.C. A movie on medical development.13. A. To explain how the brain works. B. To show the latest type of computers.C. To increase membership in medical societies.D. To raise funds for public television programming. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Providing convenience.B. Selling their products.C. Informing the public of available services.D. Telling the consumer about their products. 15. A. Think carefully.B. Think quickly.C. Do not consider economy.D. Think little of convenience.16. A. Spend your money more wisely. B. Buy things more like a film star does. C. Become a more emotional consumer. D. Be able to get cheaper things.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.2Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. The woman’s major Her ideas on language learning Something different from her country The place she works at __17__. Hard but __18__. Its __19__. In a company doing __20__ with the people there. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Experience of going through Customs What is the man? What is the woman going to do first? How long will the woman stay in the country? What does the man ask the woman to do? II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to makethe passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A ) One day Gene and Hannah Bortnick heard piano music (25) ______ (come) from their living room. They thought their 3-year-old son Ethan (26) ______ (listen) to a CD. Then they walked into the room. To their amazement, they found him playing music on his toy piano!Having discovered his remarkable talent, Ethan’s parents changed their minds and agreed to his previous begging for piano lessons. They turned to a family member who taught piano, and she began working with Eth an. It wasn’t long, however, (27) ______ the teacher knew that he was no ordinary student. Ethan was a piano prodigy (神童) and needed someone who understood his special talents and abilities. The family found Dr. Irena Kofman, (28) ______ immediately recognized his talent and intelligence.With Dr. Kofman’s help, Ethan learned about piano technique and different types of music. Before long, he was being asked to perform for many events.Later he was receiving invitations from the likes of Jay Leno and Oprah. Ethan was 6 and in kindergarten (29) ______ he first appeared on The Tonight Showwith Jay Leno. At that time, he already had over 200 songs (30) ______ (memorize) and was developing a CD.Today, at the age of 13, it seems there is (31) ______ Ethan cannot do. He plays piano, sings, composes songs and acts. He has entertained audiences around the world with music (32) ______ (range) from Beethoven to Bieber.In 2021, Ethan became (33) ______ (young) musician to create and host his own TV concert special.Then in 2021, the performer starred in and wrote music for the movie Anything is Possible.( B )Tasui is a teenager who lives in Africa. When he was young, he had polio (小儿麻痹症). Although he wants to go to school, he must work.Tasui is only one of millions of children who can’t go to school. Many (34) ______ work to3A __21__. Attend __22__. __23__. Show her passport, answer some questions and __24__. support their families. Therefore, more than 100 million children will never receive an education. Can anything be done? Global Campaign for Education (GCE) thinks so. It was formed to solve this problem. The government aims to give every person, especially those in poverty, (35) ______opportunity to get an education.Established in 1999, GCE is made up of 120 organizations with members in almost 100 countries. Education is a basic human right, and GCE campaigns to realize this right. It works with governments (36) ______ (improve) educationin each country.Today, nearly 1 (37) ______ 6 people around the world cannot read or write. Not being ableto read impacts a person’s job opportunities and increases poverty. GCE seeks to provide (38) ______ (teach) materials in primary students’mother tongues.Around the world, many girls face neglect and are often denied an education. GCE aims to give women the same opportunities as men.Every spring, GCE leads the Global Action Week. During this week, GCE highlights people who (39) ______ (deny) educational opportunities. This yearthe Global Action Week focuses on providing an education to disabled people.GCE believes (40) ______ quality education can change lives. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. studiesB. reachingC. familiarD. foldedE.complications F. monitors G. probably H. helpful I. exploring J. discussions K. particularly Google Inc. is searching for a better way for millions of diabetics (糖尿病患者) to manage their disease by developing a contact lens that (41) ______ glucose (葡萄糖) levels in tears.The “smart” contact lens uses a tiny wireless chip and small glucose sensor that is (42) ______ into two layers of soft contact lens material.Google is in (43) ______ with the Food and Drug Administration, thecompany said. But the contact lenses could be years from (44) ______ thepublic. The prototype (原型) can bring about a reading once per second, which could be very (45) ______ for diabetics who must pay close attention to their blood sugar and adjust their dose of insulin (胰岛素). Google is also (46)______ whether the lenses could be an “early warning” for diabetic s by equipping them with tiny LED lights that light up when insulin levels get too high or low.“You’ve (47) ______ heard that diabetes is a huge and growing problem ― affecting one out of every nineteen people on the planet. But you may not be (48) ______ with the daily struggle that many people with diabetes face asthey try to keep their blood sugar levels under control. Uncontrolled blood sugar puts people at risk for a range of dangerous (49) ______ , some short-term and others longer-term, includi ng damage to the eyes, kidneys and heart,” Google said in a blog post. “It’s still early days for this technology, butwe’ve completed multiple clinical research (50) ______, which are helping to improve our prototype. We hope this could someday lead to a new way for people with diabetes to manage their disease.”III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four wordsor phrases marked A, B,4C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Residents of urban areas often make use of public transportation on their way to school or the office. But when their final __51__ isn’t near a busstop or subway station, those folks have a problem. Transportation expertsoften __52__ to this as the “last mile” problem ― finding a way to closethe gap between public transportation stops and one’s destination.With the last mile problem in mind, the makers of the URB-E __53__ a compact electric vehicle that weighs around 13 kilograms. Unlike bikes, which often don’t fit on crowded buses or trains, the URB-E collapses into a form__54__ to carry-on luggage. And since the URB-E can be carried __55__ anywhere, it’s not a s vulnerable(易受攻击的) to thieves as bikes are.Depending on usage, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on a single__56__, reaching a top speed of 24 kilometers per hour. Although there areother vehicles attempting to __57__ the last mile issue, the URB-E __58__ forits ease of use, portability and affordable price. For the price of a nice laptop, you could have an URB-E to drive to the office.The URB-E is made from aircraft-grade aluminum and comes in two basic models: the URB-E Commuter and the URB-E GP. The main __59__ between the twois that the Commuter model has two rear wheels while the GP has only one. That means the Commuter offers greater stability, as __60__ to the GP’s ability to make sharper turns like a bicycle.Both models come with accessories(配件) __61__ LED front and rear lights and a shock-absorbing seat. They also __62__ a smartphone holder and USB charging port right on the steering column. In fact, smartphones play a bigrole in the URB-E app to do things like monitor battery charge or control the lights. __63__ accessories include a cup holder and a folding luggage shelf.At this year’s international Consumer Electronic Show (CES) in Las Vegas,tech website The Verge awarded the URB-E with its “Best PersonalTransportat ion” award. Singing the URB-E’s __64__, Verge editor Ben Poppersaid, “The URB-E felt like the kind of vehicle an enlightened citizen of 2030 would own.” So why wait that long, when the URB-E is __65__ for order now?[来源学#科#网Z#X#X#K]51. A. purpose B. destination C. transportation D. vehicle 52. A. refer B. accustom C. attach D. stick 53. A. discovered B. introduced C. designed D. manufactured 54. A. convenient B. efficient C. objective D. similar 55. A. constantlyB. eventuallyC. mainlyD. practically 56. A. charge B. tourismC. competitionD. distance 57. A. cover B. develop C. addressD. conquer 58. A. breaks away B. stands out C. invests in D. perseveres in 59. A. difference B. characteristic C. shortcoming D. advantage 60. A. familiar B. strange C. important D. opposed 61.A.as a result ofB. such asC. in allD. in addition to 62. A.install B. explore C. feature D. equip 63. A. Optional B. Critical C. Essential D. Unique 64. A. influences B.contributions C. praises D. achievements 65. A. accessible B.flexible C. fascinating D. availableSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the5感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
【高三英语一模】2021届上海高三英语一模11类16区专题汇编：六选四
st.fm allows users to listen to music for free, as well as buy tracks.B.The website Last.fm is a convenient and useful resource for music lovers.C.There are plenty of websites that allow music lovers to stay in touch with the news relating to their hobby.D.I f you want to use Last.fm for communication, you might find that traditional social networks are moresuitable for this purposeE.This website is of great benefit for music enthusiasts.A Useful Tool for Music LoversWith the development and expansion of the Internet, many hobbies and interests of modern people have gained a new dimension. The Internet allows enthusiasts to unite to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences. Specialized websites provide users with even more information about their subjects of interest and help discover new boundaries of their passions. This refers to movies, arts, modeling, programming, literature, and music as well. One can hardly find a person who would not be listening to music on the way to work, at home, or elsewhere. (67) .One such website is Last.fm: a mix of a social network and an Internet-radio that tracks down the music its users listen to. (68) . Besides, it has a number of advantages compared to other sources providing similar services. The design of Last.fm gives a welcoming impression, though some might find it too simple. The site is displayed in red tones, with the possibility of switching it to a black skin and, despite the quantity of information, is easy to understand and navigate. Users can also decorate their profiles with pictures of themselves, all kinds of badges, diagrams, tag clouds, and statistics relating to music.The availability of multiple functions also speaks in favor of Last.fm. One of its significant advantages over many other musical websites is the function of scrobbling (歌曲记录), which means tracking down the music one had been listening to. (69) . With its aid, Last.fm searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. These people are called neighbors and the idea is that they can get familiar with the fans of their favorite kind of music and, most likely, make new friends. The information about upcoming events nearby, as well as recommendations given about new music that a user might like are also gathered and introduced by the means of scrobbling. If a person listens to one or two bands on a consistent basis, the website will display a few new artists that play in a similar genre, including new ones, so that a user can be in touch with the latest trends within their musical interests.(70) . However, there is a serious drawback connected to it. The fact is that the majority of free tracks and albums are available only to citizens of the USA, Germany, and Great Britain, while in other countries, users can only listen to short introductory samples. And yet those lucky ones from the places mentioned before can listen to one track online up to five times a day. Besides, the website had recently changed its policy towards monetization and reduced the number of free services. Last.fm also works as a kind of musical Wikipedia, providing users with biographies of bands, or actual musicians. There is hardly a need to mention that musicians can also benefit from using the resource, presenting information about themselves and involving fans.答案：67—70CEFAA.But these beasts are mainly made of plastic tubes.B.Jansen’s designs also work with heavier structures.C.Kinetic (运动的) art isn’t just about making large sculptures move.D.His “Strandbeests” walk along the coastline of Holland, feeding on wind and fleeing from water.E.These moving sculptures aren’t that common, especially since it takes a lot of time to plan and build them.F.His hope is that one day he will create groups of beasts that can “live” on the beaches and survive without humaninteraction.Sculpture with a Life of Its OwnThere is a new type of animal that has been walking along the beachessince the 1990s. They are called Strandbeest, which is Dutch for beach beast.67 They are creations of Dutch artist Theo Jansen, and they can movethemselves using nothing more than the power of the wind. Jansen has evencreated a way for his beasts to “eat” the air, and store its power by pressurizingbottles. This stored power also allows the sculptures to detect when they have entered the water and change their direction. He has even devised a method for them to stop themselves in the sand if a storm is approaching!The beauty of these creations is that they have no electronic parts, yet they have a basic logic system that helps them walk in their habitat. Jansen’s creations look alive as they move with a steady, even motion on the hard sand. Every year, he improves his designs. 68Jansen’s kinetic sculptures use an innovative design to transform simple motions into amazing works of art. The Strandbeests have a mechanical linkage that creates a walking motion using triangles (三角形物体). The sculptures are large but have a delicate appearance. The fascinating combinations of thin tubes and fine fin-like ( 像鳍一样的) sails moving in the breeze create a striking image. One could easily believe they are some sort of strange lifeform walking along the beach. 69 He created a beast, named Animaris Rhinoceros Lignatus, which was made out of wood and weighed 250 kilograms.70 There are many artists that use motion to create spectacular visual effects. Some are large pieces, but many can sit on a desk or hang on a wall. However, they all have one thing in common: you can’t appreciate their artistry until you see them move. Jansen also sells mini versions of some of his beasts. They come in boxes that you can assemble without any special tools. You, too, can try your hand at creating kinetic art!答案：67. A 68. F 69. B 70. CHow to Make a Good Cup of TeaIn his essay, A Nice Cup of Tea, George Orwell laid out 11 basic principles to make a good cup of tea, from warming the pot beforehand to stirring the leaves before pouring. He insisted that “the water should be actually boiling at the moment of impact, which means that one should keep it on the flame while one pours”.67 “Some people add that one should only use water that has been freshly brought to the boil, but I have never noticed that it makes any difference,” he went on to state.However, on that point at least, it seems he was wrong. William Gorman, one of Britain’s leading tea experts, has now put forward that the water used for making a cup of tea should never be boile d more than once. “Usually when people’s tea goes cold they reboil the kettle and make another cup. 68 You need freshly drawn water for a good cup because reboiling it takes all the oxygen and nitrogen out of it, ruining its layered flavor.”Besides, Mr. Gorman advocates another practice of making tea, one that Orwell would surely have protested. Mr. Gorman said, “ 69 When you microwave tea, all you’re doing is just moving the molecules around and getting it back up to a decent temperature. It is not impacting the flavor at all.”70 In some countries teapots are fitted with little dangling baskets under the spout, to catch the stray leaves, which are supposed to be harmful. Actually one can swallow tea-leaves in considerable quantities without ill effect, and if the tea is not loose in the pot, it never infuses properly. They agree by doing this, you actually risk losing a good cup of tea.67-70 CBFDWhat Is Nonverbal Communication?A.Finally, nonverbal communication itself carries the impact of a message.B.Finally, we can use nonverbal signals to add to the verbal content of our message.C.Nonverbal messages have been recognized for centuries as a critical aspect of communication.D.All good speakers know how to do this with forceful gestures, changes in vocal volume or speech rate, deliberatepauses, and so on.E.Called turn-taking signals, these gestures and vocalizations ( 发声) make it possible for us to alternate theconversational roles of speaking and listening.F.The term was introduced in 1956 in the book “Nonverbal Communication: Notes on the Visual Perception ofHuman Relations”.Nonverbal communication is the process of sending and receiving messages without using words, either spoken or written. Similar to the way that italicizing (斜体) emphasizes written language, nonverbal behavior may emphasize parts of a verbal message.(67) For instance, in “The Advancement of Learning” (1605), Francis Bacon observed that “the features of the body do reveal the tendency and inclination of the mind in general, but the motions of the facial expressions and parts do not only so, but do further reveal the present humour and state of the mind and will.”Psychologists Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen (1969), in discussing the interdependence that exists between nonverbal and verbal messages, identified six important ways that nonverbal communication directly affects our verbal messages. First, we can use nonverbal signals to emphasize our words. (68) Second, our nonverbal behavior can repeat what we say. We can say yes to someone while nodding our head. Third, nonverbal signals can substitute for words. Often, there isn’t much need to put things in words. A simple gesture is enough. Fou rth, we can use nonverbal signals to regulate speech. (69) Fifth, nonverbal messages sometimes contradict ( 与… 矛盾) what we say. A friend tells us she had a great time at the beach, but we’re not sure because her voice is flat and her face lacks emotion.(70) Being upset could mean we feel angry, depressed, disappointed, or just a bit on edge. Nonverbal signals can help to make clear the words we use and reveal the true nature of our feelings.答案：67-70: CDEBAdolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO-led study says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active, putting their current and future health at risk. 67 “Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now, particularly to promote and keep up girls’ participation in physical activity,” says study author Dr Regina Guthold, WHO.The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lungs fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. 68To achieve these benefits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teens do not meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.69 Urgent scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programmes to increase physical activity in adolescents. Multisectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for young people to be active, involving education, urban planning, road safety and others. The highest levels of society, including national, city and local leaders, should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well-being of all people, including adolescents.70 Strong political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do not experience the enjoyment and social, physical, and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.答案：67-70 CADFA.In fact, it didn’t imitate anything at all.B.This simple puzzle game, now more than thirty years old, continues to dominate best-of lists.C.The gaming giant Electronic Arts once sold more than 500 million copies of its version forthe iPhone and other smartphones.D.Thanks to the unique pathway it uses, the game shows real promise in medical treatments.E.The way Tetris affects the brain is so strong that it’s literally named the Tetris Effect.F.Tetris has entered popular and artistic culture.The Most Important Video Game Ever MadeTime Magazine recently tasked its editorial staff with ranking the 50greatest video games of all time. The number one spot was taken not bySuper Mario, Zelda, or any other worthwhile competitors, but by the oldestand most basic game, Tetris. 67 It lives on in tablets,laptops, smartphones, and game consoles (操纵板).Why is Tetris the game we can’t stop playing? Before Tetris, video games were distractions for teens, personified by Super Mario Bros. Tetris was different. It didn’t rely on the imitation of any cartoon characters. 68The game was purely abstract, geometry ( 几何图案) in real time. It wasn’t just a game. It was an uncrackable code puzzle that anyone could play. Your parents played Tetris, your friends played Tetris, and you’ll encounter the same story in nearly every country on Earth.69 It has been included in the Applied Design collection at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. It has been adapted as interactive public art projected onto the sides of buildings. And it is the subject of an annual World Championship competition.There are plenty of fascinating classic games. Why do we keep coming back to Tetris year after year? Scientists have discovered that Tetris has a unique effect on the human brain, making it the perfect tool for scientific research.70 It is a term used in both medical and popular literature. It describes the result of repetitive, pattern-based activity that eventually shapes the thoughts and imagination of an individual. This unique effect has been used in studies at Oxford University to treat stress disorder.T hat’s pretty impressive for a few lines of code written by a lone computer scientist at the Russian Academy of Science in 1984. I have no doubt the first game many of us will download on the new phone will be the latest version of the most important game in history, Tetris.答案：67-70 BAFEHow to Leave Work at WorkSome jobs have very clear lines between when you’re “on” and when you’re “off,” while in others the lines are vague — or potentially nonexistent. (67)As a time management coach, I’ve found these three steps can help. I encourage you to challenge yourself to gradually implement these changes and see how much you can leave your work at work—both physically and mentally —in 2020.Step 1: Define “After Hours”If you have a traditional 9-to-5 job, your hours are set for you. (68) If your employer has a certain number of hours that you’re expected to work each week, s tart by seeing how to fit those hours around your fixed personal commitments, like taking your kids to school or extracurricular activities. When do you need to start and stop to put in the proper work time?Step 2: Have Mental ClarityNext, make sure you have mental clarity on what needs to get done and when you will complete it. This includes having a place where you write down the many tasks that you need to do, whether that’s in a notebook, a task management app, a project management system, or in your calendar. (69) Then once you have this list, plan out your work. This planning reduce anxiety that something will fall through the cracks or that you’ll miss a deadline. The final part of increasing your mental clarity is to have an end-of-workday wrap-up.Step 3: Get Work Done at WorkIt may seem crazy to say this, but I want to encourage you to give yourself permission to do work at work. For many, they perceive “real work” as something they reserve for post-5 or 6 pm, after everyone else has left the office or after they’ve tucked their kids in bed for the night. (70) But if you want to stop feeling distracted by work after hours, you need to actually do your work during the day.As individuals, we need a mental break to do our best work, and taking time for ourselves without the distraction of work can help us become our best selves. I can’t guarantee that thoughts about work will never cross your mind, but with these four steps, you can reduce how much you’re distracted by work after hours.答案：67-70 ADFEEvery dog owner knows that saying Good dog! in a happy, high-pitched voice will bring about a flurry of joyful tail wagging in their pet.That makes scientists curious. What exactly happens in your dog's brain when it hears praise? And is it similar to the way our own brain processes such acoustic information?When a person gets a compliment, the more primitive subcortical (皮下的) auditory regions first react to the intonation ( 声调), the emotional force of spoken words. Next, the brain taps the more recently evolved auditory cortex ( 皮质) to figure out the meaning of the words, which is learned.67 Of course, dogs use their right brain hemisphere to do so, whereas we use our left hemisphere. Still, a mystery remains. Do their brains go through the same steps to process approval?It’s an important question. Dogs are speechless species. 68 For instance, some dogs are able to recognize thousands of names of individual objects. They can even link each name to a specific o bject.When the scientists studied scans of the brains of pet dogs, they found that theirs, like ours, processed the sounds of spoken words in a multi-step manner. They analyze first the emotional component with the older region of the brain, the subcortical regions. Subsequently, they deal with the words’ meaning with the newer part, the cortex.Previous studies have shown that many animals, from songbirds to dolphins, use the subcortex to process emotional hints. 69 Zebras, for instance, can eavesdrop on the emotion, or fright to be precise, in other herbivore(食草动物) animals’calls. In this way they learn if predators are nearby.It’s likely that human language evolved from such hints, We employ the same neurological systems to develop speech. 70 Dogs have the very likeliness to make special use of the ancient connection to process human emotions. It helps explain why dogs are so successful at partnering with us and at times manipulating us with those soulful eyes.答案：67-70 EBDFAre You a Prisoner of Perfection?Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize? Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can’t ac hieve the unachievable? 67 Shame and fear are often the hidden drives of perfection. We believe that if we fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and we’ll win respec t and approval.For the majority of us, the addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect. 68 We fear that showing shortcomings will expose us to the accusation that we’re weak. We stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when it’s obvious that the emperor has no clothes.Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. We’re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to be better. There’s nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way. 69 We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too serious. Sadly, the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves are taken away from us.A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings.We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn’t mean that we are a failure. Without failures, we’ll never learn from our mistakes; we’ll never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. 70 Being human, perfection is impossible. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid of the shame that drives perfectionism.答案：67. F 68. D 69.B 70. ELate in January Shen Yinjing, a therapist in Shanghai, volunteered to help distressed people in the coronavirus-stricken city of Wuhan by offering counselling over the phone or by text. Before long she was running an online support group for people being treated in one of Wuhan’s makeshift hospitals for covid-19 patients. Now Ms. Shen wonders how she should assist those losing their beloved ones because of the disease. (67) .Ms Shen is among a small army of mental-health professionals who have provided support during the coronavirus outbreak. Hundreds of universities and charities have set up “psychological hotlines” for people suffering from depression. (68) .Such attention reflects a profound change in official and public attitudes. In recent years, the government has begun to stress the importance of mental health in the country’s long-term development goals. (69) . The government’s “Healthy China 2030” plan, issued in 2016, called for a stronger “mental-health service system”(70) . Zhiying Ma of the University of Chicago says that young Chinese, in particular, have grown comfortable using terms such as depression and anxiety when talking about their difficulties. A Chinese government-funded survey published in 2019 found that such disorders were becoming more common in China. The study’s authors suggested that “rapid social change” was intensifying “psychological pressure and stress”.At the same time, mental-health counseling has become more widely available, particularly for those willing to pay for private treatment.答案：67-70 DEBFA.Don’t get discouraged.B.To get good and useful results, ask them the same question again and again.C.If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one or borrow one from others.D.For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E.With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.The Art of Man-on-the-Street InterviewsHave you ever observed the busy people of the street? Do they arouse your infinite thinking? The man-on-the-street interview may become a popular word because it is new. The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. (67) But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” (68) Hit the streets with confidence. As you approach people, be polite. Say, “Excuse me, I work for a certain well-known TV or radio station, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.(69)If someone tells you she is not interested, move on to the next person. Keep in mind that not everyone wants to be interviewed, so don’t get hung up on it.Limit your time. Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten m inutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. (70)For the media, the ability to increase ratings and influence may be the only meaning they want. In fact, different people have different views towards the interview. Someone says this should be the product of the fast-food information age.答案：67-70 D E AFA.The timing of influenza vaccine production and distribution is unpredictable.B.However, it’s a different story when it comes to influenza, commonly known as “the flu”.C.People should get a flu vaccine before flu viruses spread in the community.D.The v irus essentially “changes its coat” — H1N1, H2N3, and so on, as he told the website Healthline.E.He said it takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body and provide protection against the flu infection.F.So the vaccines are likely to be updated from one season to the next to protect against the viruses.Guard against FluVaccination (接种疫苗) is among the most effective ways to help us prevent diseases. For viruses that don’t change too much — the measles virus ( 麻疹病毒), for example — gettingvaccinated is a once-and-for-all method to prevent you from becoming infected with the virus. Ifyou had two measles vaccines when you were a child, you will be protected for life.67 It generally peaks between December and February. Flu vaccines cannot protect us in the long run. There is no permanent immunity, according to Theodore Strange, associate medical director at Staten Island University Hospital in New York. 68Apart from a person’s immune protection from flu vaccinatio n declining over time, flu viruses are also constantly changing. 69 To develop effective flu vaccines, over 100 national influenza ( 流感) centers around the world conduct year-round observation for influenza. Researchers will test thousands of influenza virus samples from patients, according to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The World Health Organization also suggests threeor four influenza viruses that are most likely to spread among people during the upcoming flu season.But even when a vaccine is developed, getting it can prove to be difficult, as demand tends to exceed supply.70 The availability of the flu vaccine supply does not always coincide with peak demand.So scientists prioritize access to the vaccination. The CDC recommends key populations, such as medical staff, teachers, students, children and those aged 60 and above, receive flu vaccines.答案：67-70 BDFAYoldThe year 2020 marks the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”, as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75. By continuing to work and staying socially engaged, the boomers, in their new appearance as the young old, will change the world.The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.67 Of the 3.7 years of increased life expectancy in rich countries between 2000 and 2015, says the WHO, 3.2 years were enjoyed in good health. Working is one of the factors that are helping people stay healthy longer. A German study found that people who remain at work after the normal retirement age manage to slow the cognitive ( 认知的) decline. The yold are also better off, while the wealth of all other age groups declined.The yold are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired in many aspects. They won’t wear indoor shoes and look after the grandchildren. 68 They also spend much more, when taking a foreign holiday, than younger adults, so they are vital to the tourism industry. And, because of the importance of pensions, the yold are transforming insurance companies from passive distributors of fixed annuities(年金) to financial service providers for customers who want to manage their pension pots more actively.69 They find that older workers have, if anything, slightly above-average productivity and that teams of workers from multiple generations are the most productive of all. Societies should be better off because public spending on health and pensions should be lower than expected, as people work longer and need less medical care.Today, some big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people and in particular the expectation that 60-somethings ought to quietly retire into the background. 70 The yold will demand that companies become more age-friendly and, in the process, help change attitudes towards aging itself.答案：67---70 DBFE。
2021年上海中学高三英语一模试题及答案
2021年上海中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A science fiction.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. An economics book.BGetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block outdisease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king ofEnglandin 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor inEuropelived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, king ofFrance, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit(优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.4. The kings ofFranceandEnglandin the 16th century closed bath houses because .A. they lived healthily in a dirty environmentB. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inC. they considered bathing as cause of skin diseaseD. They believed disease could be spread in public baths5. Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?A. CuriousB. AfraidC. ApprovingD. Uninterested6. How does the passage mainly develop?A. By following the order of time.B. By making comparison.C. By providing examplesD. By following the order of importance.17. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passages?A. To call attention to the danger of dirt.B. To introduce the history of dirt.C. To present the change of views on dirt.D. To stress the role of dirt.CThere have been many fine films over the past several years aboutcharacters struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. But few of them have gone as deeply and frighteningly into the corners of adeterioratingmind as The Father,a powerful new drama built around a spellbinding performance from Anthony Hopkins.At this point in his long career,Hopkinswould seem to have exhausted his ability to surprise us, but his work here is nothing short of astonishing. His character, also named Anthony, is 80 years old and has dementia. At the beginning of the movie, his daughter, Anne — played by Olivia Colman — stops by hisLondonapartment to check on him. Her father's condition has taken a turn for the worse, and his temper has become severe enough to send his latest live in nurse packing. Anthony is stubborn and defiant and insists that he can manage on his own. But that's clearly not the case, given his habit of misplacing his things and his inability to remember names and faces, Anne's included.As The Father goes on, the more it becomes clear that it's his own mind that's playing tricks on him. What makes the movie so unsettling is the way it wires us directly into his subjective experience, so that the foundations of the story seem to shift at random from scene to scene. A man suddenly appears in the apartment, claiming to be Anne's husband, which is odd, since just a few moments earlier, Anne seemed to be single. Anne goes out shopping for groceries, but when she returns, she's played not by Olivia Colman but by another actress, Olivia Williams. Even the apartment itself begins to shift. You notice puzzling differences-wasn't there a lamp on that hallway table just a moment ago?The story in The Father may be complicated but it's also heartbreakingly simple: man grows old and loses hismemory, and his daughter, after lifetime of love and devotion, must begin the long painful process of saying goodbye.Hopkinsshows us Anthony's struggle to keep his sense about him. It's a striking performance-and an impossible one to forget.8. What does the underlined word “deteriorating” mean in the first paragraph?A. Worsening.B. Narrowing.C. Recovering.D. Improving.9. What do we learn about the character Anthony in the movie?A. He can take care of himselfB. He drives away the nurses.C. He is easy-going and forgetful.D. He lives with his daughter all the time.10. The shift of scenes in the movie is designed to .A. build the dramatic tension in the family.B. show off the well-designed story line.C. frighten the movie-goers with mysterious plot.D. involve the viewers into thedisordered memories.11. What does the author think ofHopkins?A. He has run out of his talent.B. He is not suitable for the roleC. He masterly plays the old man.D. He presents an odd performance.DWhen my friend suggested going to the op shop (二手商店)，instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese, fine-bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. They were from the local op shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”.Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the op shop. They may pity me, consider me poor, a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and having enough money to live comfortably, to educate your children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream, But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, then donating them when we are tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentaryThe True CostI learned donated clothes that don’t get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). Inaddition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make. But if you buy a second-hand dress, that’s one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.A friend introduced me to op shopping only a few years ago. My firstitem was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it. Nobody could tell it was second-hand. This opened me up to purchasing more second-hand high quality branded clothes. Once I visited a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “It’s all second-hand,” she said. I couldn’t believe it. The truth is a lot of things sold at the op shop are in new or almost new condition. That’s when I made the decision to only buy second-hand things.Selling second-hand things isn’t anything new butwhat the planet needs is more buyers. There is so much excess (过量) production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed, and let’s get shopping.12. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?A. Pride.B. Embarrassment.C. Delight.D. Sympathy.13. Whatare many people in the author’s community like?A. They are probably materialistic.B. They care about the environment.C. They think highly of op shopping.D. They look down upon immigrants.14. What was the author encouraged to do after visiting her friend’s apartment?A. Watch the documentaryThe True Cost.B. Donate more to local charities.C. Avoid shopping too much.D. Stop buying new things.15. What’s the purpose of the text?A. To entertain.B. To advertise.C. To persuade.D. To describe.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
02 十一选十-2021年上海市高三英语二模专项汇编
02-2021年上海市高三英语二模真题专项训练之十一选十Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2021宝山二模can only be u sed once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Embrace the rule of awkward silenceThe rule of awkward silence is simple: When faced with a challenging question, instead of answering, pause and think deeply about how you want to answer. This is no short pause; rather, it involves taking several seconds (10, 20 or longer) to think things through before ____31____ .At Apple, Tim Cook has engaged in the ____32____ for years. Back in 2008, a Fortune article said that in meetings, Cook was "known for long, ____33____ pauses, when all you hear is the sound of his tearing the wrapper of the energy bars he constantly eats."Cook isn't alone in embracing the rule of awkward silence. Steve Jobs once took almost 20 seconds to respond to a personal attack, ____34____ a perfect response.The rule of awkward silence has always been valuable as a tool of emotional intelligence because it allows you to ____35____ thought and emotion instead of simply reacting based on feeling.Why the rule of awkward silence is more valuable than ever.We live in a world that ____36____ instant satisfaction. Emails should be answered on the same day. Text messages should be answered right now. But there's a major problem with all of this immediate communication: It doesn't leave time to think.As in, think ____37____.Critical thinking calls for deep and careful consideration of a subject. It involves weighing and analyzing facts, and careful ____38____. And it results in making insightful connections.None of this is possible without time.And time has become the biggest luxury on the planet.But when you embrace the rule of awkward silence, you steal back time. Time that used to be wasted on ____39____ answers.So, the next time someone asks you a challenging question, or even what seems on the surface to be a simple one, resist the ____40____ to respond with the first thing that comes to mind.Instead, embrace the rule of awkward silence, and think before you speak.答案31-35 FHAKC 36-40 IBJDE2021崇明二模Museums Rethink What to Do with Their African Art Collections Recently, a discussion is happening in museums around the world over the volume of African art in their collections. Officials in Germany and the Netherlands have announced plans to return art and artifacts (j£W) taken from Africa during the 31__________ period. And more museum staff are meeting on the topic across Europe.According to the most commonly 32__________ figures from UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), 90% to 95% of sub-Saharan cultural artifacts are 33__________ outside Africa. Many were taken by force long ago and ended up in museums across Europe and North America.At the Africa Museum in Belgium, director Guido Gryseels says 85 percent of the museum’s collection comes from the Congo —the site of Belgium’s 34__________ colony in Central Africa. For decades, Congolese leaders have asked for these objects to be returned. Most of their 35__________ and those by African countries to other museums, have been refused.But recent events in Europe have 36__________ the possibility of returns at a much larger scale. In addition to the plans announced in Germany, last year France conducted a study of how much African art French museums are holding and made 37__________ about what to do with it.The study recommended the return of a wide range of objects taken by force. The suggestion got mixed 38__________ in France, where there are at least 90,000 African items in museums.In France, some people have suggested returns could leave shelves 39__________ in French museums. Gdeile Fromont, a French historian of Central African art, says that’s not going to happen. One way of thinking about it, she says, is that more African art can go on display.However, Guido Gryseels of the Africa Museum in Belgium 40__________ that attitudes are changing. He says he’s in discussion with the Congo to return works.答案31-35 FDGHJ 36-40 BIKAC2021奉贤二模Why Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of Holland The Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the government used “Holland” and “the Netherlands” 31__________ to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip ( 郁金香) fields and windmills. But starting from Jan. 1, all official government communications and 32__________ materials will use the Netherlands as its name.The government has been working on a campaign that might 33__________ the country’s image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.“Our international image faces some challenges,” she said. Research showed that many people do not know of the Netherlands or have 34__________ concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which —Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland —make up Holland. Amsterdam, which 35__________ about 19 million travellers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the world’s largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region.The country’s tourism board, 36__________ to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage travellers to go to lesser-known destinations, according to a 2019 report. By 2030, the report predicted, the Netherlands could see 37__________ of up to 42 million tourists — an enormous number for a country of 17 million.The region of Holland has 38__________ contributed the most to the country’s economy and wealth, resulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. “We are fully aware that internationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists and encouraging cultural and scientific 39__________ ,” Ms. de Beer said.Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a “NL” 40__________ to look like an orange tulip, according to the Minis try of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the “Holland tulip,” which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promote the country.答案31-40 JFBAI 36-40 CHDEG2021嘉定二模What Is a Paragraph Break?It is one of the most important punctuation marks. A paragraph break is an indentation (缩进) or a single line space 31__________ the division between one paragraph and the next in a body of text.Generally, paragraph breaks serve to 32__________ the transition from one idea to another in a stretch of text, and from one speaker to another in an exchange of dialogue.Few readers would think of the paragraph break as a punctuation mark, but it certainly is. In ancient times there were no paragraphs. Sentences simply flowed into one another without 33__________. During medieval ( 中世纪) times, the mark evolved into the paragraph symbol [¶] and eventually became the modern-day paragraph break, which is 34__________ now only by a line break or indentation.Today, the paragraph break is used to give readers a break. The art of creating paragraphs is called paragraphing, the 35__________ of dividing a text into paragraphs. Paragraphing is a kindness to your reader because it divides your thinking into manageable bites. Paragraphs that are too long 36__________ readers with dense blocks of text to read through, while more frequent paragraphing provides readers with convenient 37__________ points at which to take a break and relaunch themselves into thinking.To fully understand when to insert a paragraph break, it’s helpful to know that a paragraph is a group of closely related sentences that develop a central idea. Therefore, each paragraph discusses one 38__________ topic. Also, a paragraph break is employed before each new topic is introduced. In this way, the writing will flow, and readers will be able to proceed through the writing in a logical fashion instead of 39__________ all the way to get to the last line.Paragraphs used to be longer, but with the development of the Internet, which gives readers access to literally millions of sources of information, paragraphs have become increasingly 40__________. The style for many websites, for example, uses paragraphs no more than two to three sentences.答案31-40 EBDFG 36-40 AHIJC2021松江二模New York and New TaxAccording to a Manhattan Institute survey, more than half of high-earning New Yorkers are working entirely from home and 44% are considering leaving the city. Ned Lamont, Connecticut’s governor, has said “the old idea of the commuter (通勤者) going into New York City five days a week may be outdated.” It does seem 31________ that the tens of thousands commuting from Mr. Lamont’s state will continue to do so. The region’s governors have 32________ well together to deal with the pandemic (流行病), but the friendliness may soon end over taxes.When people from 33________ states like New Jersey and Connecticut commute to New York to work for a New York-based employer, they must pay New York tax on the related earned income. Even those who work from home must pay New York taxes unless the employee is working outside New York by 34________.Taxpayers and those states are looking closely at this loophole(漏洞). In December, Connecticut and New Jersey applied to the Supreme Court to consider a case which 35________ a state’s authority to tax non-residents’ income while they are working remotely. They think this is definitely a(n) 36________ to the city’s finances. “Firms have considered leaving the city before, and employees are gradually accepting the idea. They have been working remotely for almost ten months and they’ve 37________ to that idea.”Companies are also watching the progression of the Billionaire Mark to Market Tax Act, which would treat capital 38________ from billionaires’ property as taxable income. New York’s Democratic governor said he would reject any laws 39________ heavy taxes on the rich, because it would drive out wealthy, mobile residents. It would not take too many moving trucks for the city to feel the economic loss, says Michael Hendrix. A 5% 40________ of New Yorkers making about $10,000 would result in an annual loss of $933m—roughly the amount distributed to the city’s health department.答案31-40 EGCAH 36-40 BDKJF2021徐汇二模Ocean plastic has become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to (31)__________ the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.Research published in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers (32)__________ dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized (33)__________ and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will (34)__________ its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans (35)__________.Renew Oceans is part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child (36)__________ her of the need to do something positive for an environment (37)__________ strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT.How does Renew Oceans plan to tackle a(n) (38)__________ insurmountable ( 难以克服的) problem? First, using proprietary(专利的) “biofence” te chnology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divertthe plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As (39)__________, the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful (40)__________ for empowering local communitie s while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.答案31-35 GAJDK 36-40 CHIFB2021闵行二模Celebrity (名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity ____31____ to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the ____32____ of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market ____33____, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past, they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy ____34____ fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they try to ____35____ their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer ____36____. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise inself-promotional marketing. And once the ____37____ attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep is likely to ____38____ to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is ____39____. Having already achieved great wealth and public ____40____, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.答案31-35 CKAHG 36-40 FDJBI2021黄浦二模Would you wear a computer under your skin?Forget smartphones and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos, body modifications. The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. The device would look like a pair of tattoos on your arms and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your body’s energy, and you could use it to unlock doors, _____31_____ your health, exchange and store information, or even express your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea —you can’t go out and get one —but the technology exists to make it work. “We _____32_____ it is about five years from being real,” says designer Gadi Amit.Writer and technology initiator Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency _____33_____ tag implanted in his hand. “I use it to log into my computer.I also use it to share contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and responds to radio _____34_____ with a unique number for recognition.If a computerized tattoo or _____35_____ tag isn’t crazy enough for you, what abou t a brain chip? The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves…. Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your _____36_____.”Do you think these chips sound frightening or cool? Some doctors are _____37_____ about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical _____38_____ are meant to heal sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and _____39_____. Could someone hack in and steal your identity, or even control your mind? On a more _____40_____ level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human? Or are you a cyborg, a being that is part human and part machine, or a machine that looks like a human being?What do you think — would you want a computer under your skin?答案31. D 32. H 33. E 34. B 35. I 36.G 37. A 38.K 39. J 40. F2021长宁二模Obstacles can be overcome, say trade expertsThe main problem in the EU-UK talks on a trade deal is resolvable so long as neither side treats the matter as a question of high principle, according to trade experts.German Chancellor Angela Merkel warned on Wednesday that a trade deal must ____31____ a “level playing field, not only for today, but also for tomorrow ”. But BritishPrime Minister Boris Johnson said on Wednesday evening that Britain would never sign up to automatically having to ____32____ future EU rules in areas such as environmental regulations and labour standards in order to keep the ____33____ of a trade deal.Nonetheless, experts said there was the ____34____ for negotiation between Britain’s position, a willingness to swear not to ____35____ regulatory standards as they stand at the end of its Brexit (British exit) transiti on period, and the EU’s quest to ensure that these trade deals work well for ever.The “landing zone” for any deal would likely ensure that the UK was not able to weaken the effectiveness of European regulations and keep the advantages of zero tariffs (关税) in goods: the main feature of the ____36____ free trade agreement.David Henig, UK director of the European Centre For International Political Economy, said what was needed to be agreed were specific ____37____ that the trade deal covered and the process for dealing with possible ____38____.The only reason that this should spoil the trade deal talks, said Mr. Henig, was if one or both sides keep their positions on a matter of principle.Since the start of the talks, the EU’s concern has been to avoid having a(n) ____39____ competitor close to its single market, seizing an advantage through lax (宽松的) environmental regulations and labour standards.The EU has already moved ____40____ on state aid. Brussels entered the negotiations saying the UK should continue to in effect operate the state aid system under the supervision of the European Court of Justice. It has since agreed to an approach based upon agreeing common principles with Britain.答案31--35 BFDIA 36--40 KJHGC2021虹口二模Will a Robot Really Take Your Job?It is one of the most widely quoted data of recent years. No report or conference presentation on the future of work is complete without it. It has been pointed to as evidence of a(n) ____31____ jobs disaster by think-tanks and government agencies. The finding that 47 percent of American jobs are at high risk of being ____32____ by the mid2030s comes from a paper written by two Oxford academics, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne. It has since been ____33____ in more than 4,000 other academic articles. Such misunderstandings reflect the polarized ( 两极分化的) debate ____34____ the nature of automation and the future of jobs.At one extreme are the negativists. They warn of mass technological ____35____ just around the corner. One advocate of this position, Martin Ford, has written two best-selling books on the dangers of unemployment caused by automation. He worries that middle-class jobs will disappear, economic ____36____ will cease, and the richest people in a country could “shut themselves away in gated communities, perhaps guarded by self-directed military robots and drones.” The ____37____ masses will live on a universal basic income.At the positive end of the debate, classical economists argue that in the past, new technology has always ended up creating more jobs than it has destroyed. It was several decades before industrialization led to ____38____ higher wages for British workers in the early 1800s. While automation is likely to increase ____39____ in the short run by pushing some people into lower-paid jobs, it eventually increases the overall size of the economic pie.Frey is often ____40____ to be in the first camp. His paper simply wanted to point out that 47 percent of the current jobs in America were more likely to be affected by automation. It got more attention than they would ever have expected. In part, this is because fear sells, particularly when i t is stirred up by a misunderstanding.答案31-35 DFIBC 36-40 AEKHI2021静安二模As colleges and universities nationwide revealed their admission decisions, news broke of a dramatic decline in acceptance rates - and not just at Ivy League schools. The shift meant that many high school students who pinned all their hopes on particular dream schools might find themselves____31____ with real disappointment.Why were admissions so low these years? It’s a number game. These years, colleges saw the number of applicants soar to record-high levels. But considering ____32____ budgets, the number of spots colleges could offer had to be ____33____. As a result, both state schools and private colleges kept seeing their acceptance rates fall rapidly.It’s not that most students won’t get into colleges at all. Instead, there are more than enough spots nationwide for every qualified applicant to find a place for study. But for many, the school they end up enrolling in may not have been their first, or even third choice. The ____34____ strike of rejection, in some cases, could be heartbreaking. These are kids who are used to being the best of the best.But some of the pressure is ____35____, without excuses, by students themselves, according to Laurence Steinberg, professor of Psychology. He thinks that Americans fall ____36____ to their own addiction to school rankings and fame. Students and their parents have formed strong commitments to particular schools long before admission decisions are made. “When they are rejected, it’s like being rejected by a boyfriend or girlfriend.” Steinberg says. “They ____37____ it: What’s the matter with me? What could I have done differently?”That emotional ____38____ is often only about what school name students will paste on their parents’ cars but it may also lead to families’ ____39____ of what may actually be the suitable school for the students.Actually, painful as the rejection is, in the long run, getting into a high-ranking university doesn’t necessarily mean competitive ____40____ in terms of job prospects and earnings. A research shows that many students rejected by highly selective schools earn asmuch as Ivy League graduates. What really matters is how seriously students take their studies.答案31-40 FEGDI ABCKH2021普陀二模Spain Looks to Chinese TravelersSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-end market, according to the president of the Spain-China Tourism Association.“It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the all-included (31)__________. They enjoy good food, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Rafael Cascales in a recent (32)__________ with Xinhua.The Spanish business leader described the(33)__________ Chinese tourists as being younger, more international, and perhaps including more women. "They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The (34)__________ large groups of visitors have not disappeared, butthis new form of traveling is becoming more important," he said.Speaking of the (35)__________ pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, the Tourism Association president said, “The money they spend is (36)__________ better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another."In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they (37)__________ two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else —almost four times more than tourists from other countries."They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to (38)__________ with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors in 2017, 700,000 of them from China, a number which the United Nations World Tourism Organization (39)__________ will rise to about 1 million by 2021."We are ready; we have the infrastructure(基础设施)at every level, (40)__________ in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them," Cascales noted.P lastic“Food”EndangeringTurtles Endangered green turtles are confusing plastic for food, according to scientists.Sea turtles mostly find their food visually, by 31________ the color and shape of an object to work out if it is edible. Some of their favorite foods look like plastic.Emily Duncan, a postdoctoral researcher in marine conservation commented in a statement:"The 32________ of this plastic might include things like black trash bags.”Researchers studied 34 turtles who had washed up on the beaches of on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, and found they were 33________ to pieces of plastic which looked like sheets or threads, and were black, clear or green.The team were able to look at the gastrointestinal tracts(胃肠道) of 19 turtles.All of themhad eaten plastic, 34________ from 3 to 183 pieces in total.Smaller turtles had eaten more plastic than bigger animals.That could be because of their naivety.The team concluded that green turtles, 35________ younger individuals, who feed in the coastal waters of Cyprus, regularly 36________ and eat plastic so much that the vast majority of animals contain some plastic in their gastrointestinal tracts at the time of their death.The findings 37________ past studies which show other species of turtle get mixed up between food and waste.The problem doesn't just affect green turtles.Extremely high 38________ of plastic are found in oceans across the world, leading to all sea turtles, at least 36 percent of sea birds, and many fish species being found to have taken in plastic waste.Professor Brendan Godley, who leads the Exeter Marine research strategy at the University of Exeter and co-authored the work, commented:"Research like this helps us understand what sea turtles are eating, and whether certain kinds of plastic are being 39________ more than others."It's important to know what kinds of plastic might be a particular problem, as well as highlighting issues that can help 40________ people to continue to work on reducing overall plastic consumption and pollution.Disrupted Schooling Spells Worse Results and Deeper Inequality The first meeting between teachers in Montpelier, Vermont, before the start of the autumn term is usually festive —_____31_____ over breakfast and coffee. This year they had to make do with an online video conference. After a scramble in the spring (to set up online learning,。
2021届上海市行知中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2021届上海市行知中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKate Humble: Books that changed my lifeKate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science, wildlife and rural affairs. Together with her husband site runs Humble by Nature, a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Poohby A A MilneMy father used to read this to me when I was very young — he used different voices for all the animals. The characterization (角色设定) was so clever; we all know someone just like each inhabitant of the HundredAcre Wood: gloomy Eeyore; thick but loyal Pooh; enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together, opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to Seeby Douglas Adams and Mark CarwardineThis book tells of the authors, adventures as they set out to find the rarest of animals, those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour, which really appealed to me. Yet underpinning (支撑) everything is the realization that we can't just sit back and allow species to disappear. PicturePalaceby Paul TherouxI've always loved Theroux's travel writing, but this novel took my breath away. The words aren't long or complicated but, fromthat first paragraph, his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along. I had an art teacher who told me, “You're only an artist when you've found your own style, not when you're copying someone else, and Theroux represents this.”1. Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A. To indicate the book has realistic values.B. To show how adorable the characters are.C. To persuade people to learn from the characters.D. To prove the writer is good at creating characters.2. What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kate's heart?A. Curiosity.B. Responsibility.C. Exploration.D. Devotion.3. Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A. A A Milne.B. Douglas Adams.C. Mark Carwardine.D. Paul Theroux.BEarthquake can disrupt whales’ hunting for food for up to a year,according to a new study.On November 14, 2016, the Kaikoura earthquake struck New Zealand’s South Island, causing a destructive tsunami. Under the surface, the earthquake caused strong currents that swept away and mostly killed off diverse ecosystems of creatures living along the Kaikoura underwater canyon.As a result, whales had to dive deeper and longer to find food—“a major shift” in their behavior, says co-author Liz Slooten, a marine biologist at the University of Otago in New Zealand.The impact earthquakes have on land animals has been well documented, but scientists know ly little about what happens underwater. Such research is important for government agencies, which may need to take recent earthquakes into consideration when considering fishing quotas（限额）, notes Rochelle Constantine, a marine mammal ecologist at the University of Auckland.The canyon’s upper reaches are rich in creatures, supplying food for the fish that make up the whales’ diet. So when these smaller life forms were washed away, it had “severe consequences for the community around there”, says study co-author Will Rayment. “That effect flowed all the way through the food chain.”As part of their ongoing study, the scientists were tracking 42 individual whales. After the earthquake, in all, the team managed to record data on 40 whales, showing that the abundance of whales in the general area didn’t change after the earthquake. However, the whales changed how they used their habitat.A year after the earthquake, the researchers observed the whales returning to their previous surface-breathing intervals. This could have been because the communities of animals that make up the whales’ food began to recover. “It gives you an idea of how resilient（有复原力的）these deep-sea communities are,” says Rayment.But he and his colleagues will continue long-term monitoring to see if there are effects they missed. Whale activity in the area had already been declining, though it’s unknown whether it is due to natural changes in food abundance, whale-watching tourism, fishing, or warming ocean temperatures. “There is something going on in Kaikoura,” says Rayment.4. What happened after the Kaikoura earthquake in the Kaikoura canyon?A. Several destructive tsunamis struck the area.B. Whales had to swim to other oceans to find food.C. Nearly all marine creatures in Kaikoura were killed off.D. Strong currents washed away many smaller creatures.5. Which is one of the findings of the study?A. Earthquakes can make it easier for whales to find food.B. The whales changed their habitat after the earthquake.C. It usually takes whales a year to adapt to their new diet.D. The number of whales in the area dropped sharply after the quake.6. What does Rochelle Constantine think of the study?A. It can help government agencies to make some decisions about fishing.B. It can help government agencies to solve problems in the fishing industry.C. It is a breakthrough in research on what happens underwater after an earthquake.D. It offers a detailed description of the impact earthquake have on marine mammals.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Something is affecting the whale activity in Kaikoura.B. Fishing quotas have been increasing in recent years.C. The team missed some effects in the research process.D. The scientists will continue studying earthquakes.CWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change inmedicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.8. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war9. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs10. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine11. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.DIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicallannounced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.12. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.13. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.15. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届上海市第十中学高三英语一模试题及答案
2021届上海市第十中学高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AContact CCA's Special Programs to learn more about our wide range of credit and noncredit opportunities for academic and personal development.Summer ProgramAn exceptional 4-week program for students currently completing their study of high school.Earn 3 college credits!Our setting is CCA's Oakland campus, where studio-focused, college-level courses help you push beyond concepts to portfolio(作品集)－ready pieces. On-campus Housing & Scholarships available!Summer CoursesCCA offers about 35 for-creditdegree courses each summer, scheduled on theSan FranciscoandOaklandcampuses.Undergraduate and graduate students can work with a visiting artist, develop skills and stay on track for graduation by earning credits...all while still allowing time to visit family, work, travel, etc.For information about summer housing, please contact the Office of Residential Life at 510594722 or housing@ ca. edu.Summer StartSummer Start is a six-week program designed specifically for international undergraduate and graduate students. This is a for-credit program; students receive six credits towards their degree. During the program, you must live on CCA'sSan Franciscocampus.Tuition includes six units of discounted graduate college credit, which will include books, field trip expenses and one-on-one tutoring. Housing fees include six weeks at CCA's San Francisco Panoramic Residence.Company-Customized ProgramsCCA's Office of Special Programs can design customized workshops to develop and strengthen employee skills within your company. Customized programs have included:An Ideation Sketching class, for the design team of a national clothing retailer, scheduled Friday afternoons onSan Franciscocampus.Software-specific workshops, for designers from a national paper products and gifts retailer, scheduled in a two-day workshop format during the week on ourOaklandcampus.1.Who would most potentially apply for Summer Program?A.Employees in companies.B.International undergraduate and graduate students.C.High school graduates.D.Undergraduate and graduate students.2.What can students do if they take Summer Courses?A.Go on a field trip.B.Visit famous artists.C.Make some friends.D.Earn some credits.3.What are students required to do if they take Summer Start?A.Live on one of the campuses.B.Pay school fees in advance.C.Read as many books as possible.plete the courses on time.BIf you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.4. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed.B. Prevented.C. Started.D. Recorded.5. Why is open monitoring meditation different?A. It is just aimed at a single object.B. It clears your mind of everything.C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.D. It focuses on where the mind travels.6. What did the researchers do for the studyA. They hired people who had meditated before.B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a HurryB. You’re Able to Recognize Errors ConsciouslyC. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More ActiveD. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer MistakesC“Heavy hearts, like heavy clouds in the sky, are best relieved by the letting of a little water, the French writer Antoine de Rivarol wrote. This love letter to the cleansing beauty of a good cry is a comforting thought at atime when the continuing stress of the COVID-19 has added heaviness to each of our lives.Scientifically, de Rivarol's poetic image doesn't, if you'll forgive the words used in the poem, hold water. There's limited research on crying, partly because of the difficulty of copying the behavior of real crying in a lab. But even within the previous studies, there's little evidence to suggest that crying provides a physiologicalcleansing of poisons in people's body.Psychologists believe the relief of a good cry connects with a different emotional process. “It seems that crying occurs just after the peak of the emotional experience, and crying is associated with this return to homeostasis: the process of maintaining a stable psychological state,” said Lauren Bylsma. He also said holding back tears can have negative physical consequences, including headaches and muscle tension. Such restriction can also limit our experiences of joy, gratitude and other positive emotions if we avoid acknowledging our feelings.For me crying has been easier said than done during the COVID-19. Psychologists say it's normal to feel stopped up by the stresses of the past year. We should find opportunities to release and process our emotions.Watching a tear-jerking movie, having an emotional conversation with a close friend, and writing in a journal are healthy ways toelicita cry. Physical activity like light-footed walking or even dancing can also signal our bodies to release some emotional tightness. We can then open up to the flow of feelings that leave us feeling lighter and refreshed—like a clear sky after a soaking rain.8. What is the weakness of the studies ever clone on crying?A. They were clone in a laboratory setting.B. They cared little about different forms of crying.C. They were always concentrated on people's daily life.D. They showed little about the positive physical effect of crying.9. What is the function of crying according to Lauren Bylsma?A. Curing people of their diseases.B. Keeping emotionally balanced.C. Producing negative mental results.D. Expanding people's experience of joy.10. What does the underlined word “elicit” in the last paragraph mean?A. Produce.B. Postpone.C. Control.D. Repeat.11. What are people advised to do according to the text?A. Learn to hold back their tears wisely.B. Share their emotion with their colleagues.C. Have a good cry when necessary.D. Try to avoid admitting our feelings.DWhen I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t need one. I have a mobile phone and I’m alwaysnear someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices (装置) tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. This is ridiculous. Expensive cars go faster than cheap cars. Expensive clothes hang better than cheap clothes. But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra functions — but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your direction in the area around the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things?If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have closed down when the Japanese discovered how to make accurate watches for a five-pound note. Instead the Swiss reinvented the watch, with the aid of millions of pounds’ worth of advertising, as a message about the man wearing it. Rolexes are for those who spend their weekends climbing icy mountains; a Patek Philippe is for one from a rich or noble family; a Breitling suggests you like to pilot planesacross the world.Watches are now classified as “investments” (投资). A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £ 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £ 15,000 to £ 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a toy for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when fashion moves on, the owner of that £ 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Times.12. The author don’t need another watch because ________.A. he don’t like wearing a watchB. he has mobile phone and can ask someone for helpC. he has no sense of timeD. he thinks watches too expensive13. It seems ridiculous to the writer that________.A. expensive watches with unnecessary functions still sellB. expensive clothes sell better than cheap onesC. cheap cars don’t run as fast as expensive onesD. people dive 300 metres into the sea14. What can be learnt about Swiss watch industry from the passage?A. It wastes a huge amount of money in advertising.B. It’s hard for the industry to beat its competitors.C. It targets rich people as its potential customers.D. It’s easy for theindustry to reinvent cheap watches.15. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood TimexC. Watches? Not for Me!D. Watches----a Valuable Collection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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11选10专题上海市杨浦区2021届高三英语期末（一模）试题Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. includingB. impressionsC. standingD. restoredE. missingF. funG. comfortH. associatedI. inspiredJ. markedK. contactAncient Civilizations Had Game Nights Too!Morten Ramstad, a researcher at the University of Bergen, Norway, and his team spotted one of the rare objects while unearthing the remains of an Early Iron Age (400-300 BC) burial site in Western Norway. Burying loved ones with basic necessities like ceramic pots and clothing, to ensure their (31) _______ in the afterlife, was a fairly common tradition in ancient cultures. However, the families of some lucky individuals went a step further by (32) ________ a board game for entertainment.Though the game board was (33) ________, the archeologists, who revealed their findings on April 5, 2020, managed to recover the dice（骰子）and 18 circular game pieces. Unlike the modern-day cubical（立体的）dice, which are (34) _______ with a different number of dots from one to six on each face, the ancient game counter was square and had bulls-eye like (35) ________, which indicated zero to five on each of its four faces. The researchers suspect it may have been (36) ________ by the oldest-known board game —the “Game of Mercenaries”. The two-person strategy game, which dates back to the 3rd century BC, was believed to be similar to modern-day chess.The archeologists, who also unearthed remains of pottery jars and a bronze needle at the burial site believe the game pieces indicate the dead was a wealthy individual. In ancient civilizations, board games were a status symbol, signifying the owner’s high social and economic (37) ________. They indicated an individual’s intellectual ability and also proved he/she could afford to spend time on such activities.“These are status objects that bear witness to (38) ________ with the Roman Empire, where th ey liked to enjoy themselves with board games,” Ramstad said. “People who played games like this were from the upper class. The game showed that they had the time, profits, and ability to think strategically.”The researchers planned to put the (39) _______ game pieces in a museum as the discovery provides insights into Norway’s social structure during the Early Iron Age and gives some ideas of what tabletop (40) _______ looked like during ancient times, at least for the upper class.31-35. G A E J B 36-40 I C K D F上海市奉贤区2021届高三第一学期英语期末（一模）试卷Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.where editors use data from the website, blogs, and social media to identify and prioritize new additions. On the New Words Blog, ____31____ new additions are posted weekly for readers to cast their votes on whether they feel these words should be added. Surprisingly, “Quarantine” has defeated “lockdown” and “pandemic” to be ____32____ Word of the Year 2020 after data showed it to be one of the most highly searched for on the Cambridge Dictionary.The Cambridge Dictionary editors have also tracked how people were using the word quarantine and discovered a new meaning ____33____: a general period of time in which people are not allowed to leave their homes or travel freely, so that they do not catch or spread a disease.Research shows the word is being used ____34____ to lockdown, particularly in the UnitedStates, to refer to a situation in which people stay home to avoid catching the disease.This new ____35____ of quarantine has now been added to the Cambridge Dictionary, and marks a shift from the existing meanings, which relate to ____36____ a person or animal suspected of being infectious.Neither corona virus nor COVID-19 appeared among the words that Cambridge Dictionary users searched for most this year. We believe this indicates that people have been ____37____ confident about what the virus is. Instead, users have been searching for words related to the social and economic impacts of the pandemic, as ____38____ not just by quarantine but by the two runners-up on the shortlist for Word of the Year: lockdown and pandemic itself. This interest in quarantine and other related ____39_____ was reflected not only in our search statistics, but also in visits to this blog.Cambridge Dictionary is the top dictionary website for English learning. The dictionary not only shows how words are used in real-world ____40____ but also gives out their definitions.31-40 BGIAD CHEJK上海市嘉定区2021届高三英语期末（一模）试卷Section B (10分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Noise Pollution Rules Should Be TightenedRoad traffic, aircraft, ships, factories and oil drilling are all human activities that produce noise. The noise should be better ___31___ to protect wildlife, say the authors of a study ___32___ how sound pollution affects creatures from fish to birds.Studies have found noise pollution to be linked to poorer human health. But experts say it can also affect wildlife, from preventing their communication to affecting the ___33___ with which they search for food. “For example, if bats ___34___ their prey through sound clues can’t hearclearly,” said Dr Hansjoerg Kunc, the co-author of the research, “they have to fly longer and invest more time and energy to find food.”The studies were based on experiments in which ___35___ aspects of the animals’ behaviour or other measures, such as changes in hormone (荷尔蒙) levels, were ___36___ before and after exposure to noise. The results reveal that human-produced noise affects a wide range of species. “Thus, the response to noise can be explained by most species respond ing to noise rather than a few species being ___37___ sensitive to noise,” the authors wrote.The team continued to ___38___ that their research did not examine whether the effects were beneficial or harmful to species. That was because such considerations were ___39___. For example, noise that affects hunting could benefit prey while creating difficulties for predators (食肉动物).“Even if some animals benefitted, it did not mean noise should not be dealt with, since the majority would still experience negativ e effects”, said Kunc. But there was ___40___ for optimism. “Unlike chemical pollution, if a noise source moves away, then nothing stays in the environment any more,” he said.词汇：31-40 BDJGI FHKCA上海市松江区2021届高三英语期末（一模）试卷Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.increasedB. inexcusableC. reverseD. shelterE. governingF. priorityG. widespreadH. departingI. assignedJ. responseK. extraThis corona-virus affects everyone, but not equally. Because of covid-19, the number of extremely poor people would rise by 70,000,000 to 100,000,000 this year, the World Bank predicted. Using a broader measure, including those who lack basic 31 or clean water and children who go hungry, the poor would rise by 240,000,000 this year, said the UN. That could32 almost a decade of progress. Vaccination(疫苗注射) will to some extent help economies recover, but33 vaccination will take years and the very poor cannot wait that long.The IMF and World Bank have 34 lending, but only 31% more of the bank’s money has reached poor countries, says the Centre for Global Development. Governments in poor countries need to spend their money wisely. Even when money is 35 for good purposes, it is too often wasted or stolen.The best way to help the poor is to give them money in a direct manner. With a little 36 cash in their pockets, the poor can feed their children and send them back to school, which will help them make a living in the future. One country that has done well getting cash into poor pockets is Brazil, despite President Jair Bolsonaro’s habit of understating the effects of covid-19. Various measures of poverty there have actually fallen. A(n) 37 for governments should be basic health care, which the corona-virus has interrupted so badly that vaccination rates for children have been set back about 20 years. The crisis requires politicians to make hard choices quickly, and they can follow the example of China.Mistakes are unavoidable, given how much remains unknown about the disease, but some are38 . India’s sudden lockdown forced millions of migrant workers to head back to t heir villages on foot or crowded trains, spreading the virus far and wide. Politicians 39 remotely from their comfortable home offices should think harder about how their decisions might affect those whom covid-19 is plunging back into extreme poverty. It is shameful when their 40 to covid-19 adds to the suffering of the least fortunate.31---40 DCGAI KFBEJ上海市金山区2021届高三期末（一模）试卷Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more (31) ___________ choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?‘We are what we eat!’ confirms the important notion that food and human are (32) ___________. Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for (33) ___________ a quarter of manmade greenhouse gas emissions. That’s why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWF at one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to (34) ___________ production and consumption of food to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools (35) ___________ by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change (36) ___________ about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can (37) ___________ how much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be (38) ___________ to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or (39) ___________ fish.Initiated by SLU, a ‘Meat-Guide’ has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five (40) ___________ of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.Section B31-40 FDBHA EJIKC上海市浦东新区2021届高三英语一模试题Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.and reach their full potential in real-time.” Insurance company Vitality offer wearable technology to track employees’ movements. Staff can earn ‘(37) _________’ by having their activity tracked. A study found that b y (38)_________ participant’s performance, they did the equivalent of 4.8 extra days of activity per month.It seems that if used in the right way, technology can provide greater (39) _________ between an employee and the company. That can lead to a happier, healthier and (40) _________ work force. But human resources experts warn against relying solely on tech for deciding on employee benefits provision, they say.31-40 KAJBD IHECF选词填空专题上海市闵行区2021届高三上学期质量调研考试（一模）英语试卷Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing 31 greatly. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a final result, they cannot work in 32 no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing while it is still in progress is most possibly the single greatest33 to writing that most of us meet with. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to seize a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to 34 first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your 35 bad habits of trying to edit as you write iswhat Elbow calls “free writing”. I n free writing, the 36 is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15－20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words 37 . As the words begin to go smoothly, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be 38 on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad they are. Halfway through your 39 time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to a(n) 40 product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.Section B31-40. BEGDA IKHFJ评分标准：每题1分。