雅思语法1-句子成分与句子结构
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句子成分 句 子 结 构
整理ppt
1
正确理解5种句子成分
英文里句子的组成成分细分起来主要有7 种:主语、谓语、宾语(还有一种特例叫表语)、 定语、状语、补语和同位语。其中，补语和同 位语难度比较大，英文基础不太好的同学重点 了解前5种就够了
整理ppt
2
2.1 主语
主语是句子要说明的人或事物，可以由名词、代词、动名 词(v. +ing)、动词不定式(to+v.)、what从句、that从句、 how从句等组成。
整理ppt
6
The world inside the school walls is different from the world outside those walls.(本句中的different为表语) The main concern is the type of computer activities that attract children.(本句中的 the type of activities也是表语)
children who stay at home with their
parents.
整理ppt
9
2.6 补语 所谓补语，在IELTS作文里主要是宾补，即
下面的这个结构: v+ n.十n. / adj.中的n. / adj.部分。
4
2.2 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作、状态或特征。谓语永远只能由动
词构成。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意谓语由何种成分组成。 Today many local and national newspapers carry
advertisements and information about holidays. Spending time with other children and sharing
整理ppt
3
It is important to keep calm and carry on while working under pressure.(主语后置)
It is certainly true that scientists are gaining a
clearer understanding of the outer space thanks to
graduating from high school.”[主语后置，避免了头重
脚轻]
剑7范文:
“It is true that sometimes the amount of money they
are able to earn in a short time cannot be
justified by 整t理heppt amount of work they do.”
整理ppt
8
2.5 状语
状语可修饰动词、形容词或者全句，可以由
副词、介词短语、分词短语或者动词不定式构成。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意状语由何种成
分组成。
The majority of stars do not hold their top
positions long.(剑7例句)
They are generally more confident than
动词原形不能作主语。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意主语由何种成分组成。
Some towns, cities, regions(区域)and countries seem to have better education than others.
Fifty years ago in the UK, getting good grades and scoring high on tests were important buΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu not critical(至关重要的)to life chances.
In addition, the government should fund the parental(家长的)support.
They are more important to our well 一 being and our future than the stars who earn their fortunes so quickly.(定语从句)
many years of research and better data.( 主 语 后
置)[主语后置，把that从句放到了句子后半部分，可以避
免句子头重脚轻]
满分范文:
“It is quite common these days for young people in
many countries to have a break from studying after
experiences can make children more sociable( 喜 欢社交的).
整理ppt
5
2.3 宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
能作宾语的有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式、 that从句、what从句、how从句等。
有一种特殊的宾语，就是当动词是be ( am, is, are )动词时，be动词后面的名词或者形容词也可以叫 做表语。
整理ppt
7
2.4 定语
修饰名词的成分叫定语。最常用的定语就是形 容词，还有一种用句子修饰名词的定语，就是定 语从句了。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意定语由何种成分 组成。
Employees need to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work.
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意宾语(或表语)由何种成 分组成。 Some adults use a computer for other purposes， such as getting information or emailing friends. A good writer does not just concentrate on the words ， phrases and grammar that he/she uses ， but his/her thoughts as well.
整理ppt
1
正确理解5种句子成分
英文里句子的组成成分细分起来主要有7 种:主语、谓语、宾语(还有一种特例叫表语)、 定语、状语、补语和同位语。其中，补语和同 位语难度比较大，英文基础不太好的同学重点 了解前5种就够了
整理ppt
2
2.1 主语
主语是句子要说明的人或事物，可以由名词、代词、动名 词(v. +ing)、动词不定式(to+v.)、what从句、that从句、 how从句等组成。
整理ppt
6
The world inside the school walls is different from the world outside those walls.(本句中的different为表语) The main concern is the type of computer activities that attract children.(本句中的 the type of activities也是表语)
children who stay at home with their
parents.
整理ppt
9
2.6 补语 所谓补语，在IELTS作文里主要是宾补，即
下面的这个结构: v+ n.十n. / adj.中的n. / adj.部分。
4
2.2 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作、状态或特征。谓语永远只能由动
词构成。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意谓语由何种成分组成。 Today many local and national newspapers carry
advertisements and information about holidays. Spending time with other children and sharing
整理ppt
3
It is important to keep calm and carry on while working under pressure.(主语后置)
It is certainly true that scientists are gaining a
clearer understanding of the outer space thanks to
graduating from high school.”[主语后置，避免了头重
脚轻]
剑7范文:
“It is true that sometimes the amount of money they
are able to earn in a short time cannot be
justified by 整t理heppt amount of work they do.”
整理ppt
8
2.5 状语
状语可修饰动词、形容词或者全句，可以由
副词、介词短语、分词短语或者动词不定式构成。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意状语由何种成
分组成。
The majority of stars do not hold their top
positions long.(剑7例句)
They are generally more confident than
动词原形不能作主语。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意主语由何种成分组成。
Some towns, cities, regions(区域)and countries seem to have better education than others.
Fifty years ago in the UK, getting good grades and scoring high on tests were important buΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu not critical(至关重要的)to life chances.
In addition, the government should fund the parental(家长的)support.
They are more important to our well 一 being and our future than the stars who earn their fortunes so quickly.(定语从句)
many years of research and better data.( 主 语 后
置)[主语后置，把that从句放到了句子后半部分，可以避
免句子头重脚轻]
满分范文:
“It is quite common these days for young people in
many countries to have a break from studying after
experiences can make children more sociable( 喜 欢社交的).
整理ppt
5
2.3 宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
能作宾语的有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式、 that从句、what从句、how从句等。
有一种特殊的宾语，就是当动词是be ( am, is, are )动词时，be动词后面的名词或者形容词也可以叫 做表语。
整理ppt
7
2.4 定语
修饰名词的成分叫定语。最常用的定语就是形 容词，还有一种用句子修饰名词的定语，就是定 语从句了。
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意定语由何种成分 组成。
Employees need to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work.
请阅读下面的句子，特别注意宾语(或表语)由何种成 分组成。 Some adults use a computer for other purposes， such as getting information or emailing friends. A good writer does not just concentrate on the words ， phrases and grammar that he/she uses ， but his/her thoughts as well.