中考英语语法思维导图(2)名词

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50张英语思维导图包含中学阶段所有的语法知识人手一份

50张英语思维导图包含中学阶段所有的语法知识，建议人手一份！中学英语学习中，语法无疑是一个重难点，中学语法知识点几乎涵盖了英语所有的语法结构，各种时态、从句类型、单词的变换、非谓语等等都有所涉及，繁杂的知识点难以理解和记忆，如果能借助思维导图来记忆，一目了然，这样串联更容易在脑海中清楚的记牢。

今天中考君就为大家收集了50张英语学习思维导图，大家一定要仔细看哦~1.中学英语语法知识体系2.英语能力树3. 英语学习习惯4. 单词记忆通用工具5. 英语整体建构课堂教学模式6. “和谐教育整体建构教学法”7. 中学英语16种时态8. 名词I9. 名词II10. 冠词11. 数词12. 代词的分类13. 人称代词14. 物主代词15. 反身代词16.指示代词17. 疑问代词18. 关系代词19.不定代词20. 形容词21. 副词22.形容词和副词的比较等级23. 有关比较级的区别24. 动词25. 常见助动词用法26. 助动词27. 非谓语动词28. 动词ing形式29. 不定式的时态和语态30. 省to 的动词不定式31. 不定式作宾语32. 不定式作补语33. 不定式作主语34. 不定式句法功能35. doing与to do的区别136. doing与to do的区别237.分词38.独立主格结构39.一般现在时40.一般将来时41.现在完成时42.一般过去时43.现在进行时44.时态与时间状语45. 被动语态46. 各种形式的被动语态47.句子的种类48.反意疑问句49.反意疑问句记忆规则150.反意疑问句记忆规则2/。

人教版初中英语九年级全册语法知识点思维导图

｀how引导的特殊疑问句by+doing sthThe+比较级，the+比较级It's+形容词+for sb to do sth Sb find it+形容词+to do sth 固定搭配的用法finish doing sth/t 「y to do sthwhat引导的感叹旬What+ (a/an)+ad」＋名词(+主话＋谓语＋其他）lHow+ad」/adv+主语＋谔语＋其他l情态动词wou ld 、could 的用法Could you please tell me how to get to the post office ?Section A How I Learned to Learn EnglishSection B How Can You Become a Successful Learner?Section A Full Moon,Full FeelingsSection B The Spirit of ChristmasSection A Fun T imePark-Always a Fun TimeUnit1 How can we become good learners7Unit2 I think thatmooncakes are delicious!Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?Could you please tell me where the 「estau「ants a「e?used to do 的用法I used to be af 「aid of the dark. 形容词最离级的用；the+序数词＋最窝级+N 第几One of the/形容词性物主代词+N s 谓语用三单N o matter+whaVwhen/where 二whatever/whenever/whereverSection B Could You please (7)Section A From Shy Girl to Pop Sta「Section B He Studies Harder Than He Used T oSection A The Dificult Search for American Products in the USb e made from和be made of 的用法和区别般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+过去分词Section B Beauty 1n Common Thingssometi m e 一段时间sometimes有时some times几次sometime某个时候等饲语辨析be used by sb. 被某人使用—股过去时的被动语态was/we飞＋过去分词常用的系动词有look,feel,be,become,get,turn,smell,taste,stay(保待），keep 等词的用法Section A AnAccidental InventionSection B Do You Know When BasketballWas Invented?r section A Mom Konws BestUnit4 I used to be afraid of the darkUnit5 What are the shirts made of?Unit6 When was it invented?Unit? Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothesalso 、创her 、too 的用法She is a sixteen-year-old girl 二She is sixteen yea 「s oldSection B Should I Be Allowed to Make My Own Decisions? IUnit8 It must belong to Carla.Section A Read the article and decide which might be the best titlesomething,anything,nothing, everything等不定代词There must be something visiting our home must, m ay, m ight, c ou l d,may,can't S ecti o n B Stonehenge---Can Anyone Exp固n Why It Is There?The d心onary must be mineSection A What Do You Feel Like Watching Today?Unit9 I like music that I can dance toSection A Read the following opinionsUnit10 You're supposed to shake hands.Unit11 Sad moviesmake me erUnit12 Life is full of the unexpected.Unit13 We'「e tr ying to save the earth!Section A The Shirt of a Happy Man,ection B The Winnin a函m Section A Life Is Full of the UnexpectedSection B Read the passageSection A Save the Sharks!Section A I RememberUnit14 I remember meeting all of vou in Grade7Section B Readthe passageI like music that I can dance toWe are supposed to stoo smokin g .it 是形式主语或形式宾语I was supposed toarrive at7:00make sb do/make sb adjSoft and quiet music makes me relax.I 过去完成时的逻用By the time I got outside,the bus had already leftI was about to go up to my of f ice when I decided to get a cof f ee firstHe used not to stay up late.清态动词的被动语态情态动词+be +动词的过去分词a d ifferent些基本句型的I凡固和使用I remember being avolunteer.。

第十五章句子的成分(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十五章句子的成分思维导图知识梳理一、句子成分概说句子的各个组成部分,叫做句子成分.英语的句子成分有:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等.此外有些句子还带有呼唤语、感叹语、插入语,它们在句法上与句子的其他成分不发生关系,叫做独立成分.句子的成分一般由实词担任.实词有名词、代词、形容词、数词、动词和副词.虚词在句子中只起辅助和联系作用,不能做句子成分.虚词有冠词、介词、连词、助动词等.二、句子成分(一)主语主语是一句话的主题,是说话人要说明的对象,表示所谈的是“谁”或是“什么”.主语一般在谓语之前.英语里可担任主语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式(短语)、－ing分词(短语)、从句等.Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都.(名词作主语)They have lived in Beijing since2019.自2019年以来,他们就住在北京.(代词作主语)Ten is a very important number.10是一个重要数字.(数词作主语)The rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer.富者愈富,贫者愈贫.(名词化的形容词作主语) To read in the sun is bad for your eyes.太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好.(不定式“短语”作主语)Smoking is bad for you.吸烟对你有害.(-ing分词作主语)Whenever you are ready will be fine.你不论什么时候准备好都行.(从句作主语)(二)谓语1.概说谓语是说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“怎么样”.谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词.动词常分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词以及助动词.情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,它们必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.实义动词包括及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词后面要带宾语.通常情况下,谓语位于主语之后.谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致.谓语有简单谓语和复合谓语之分.(1)简单谓语.简单谓语由一个动词或短语动词构成.它有时态、语态、语气等.She likes drawing.她喜欢画画.I had finished my homework before9o'clock.在9点前我已完成我的家庭作业.(2)复合谓语.①由“连系动词＋表语”构成复合谓语.The game is very boring.这场比赛真没劲.②由“情态动词＋动词原形”构成复合谓语.She can swim very fast.她游泳游得很快.2.谓语和主语的一致一个句子的谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,规则如下:(1)主语是单数必须跟单数形式的动词,主语是复数必须跟复数形式的动词.He is a friend of mine.他是我的一个朋友.(2)两个或两个以上的单数名词由and连接起来作并列主语时,谓语动词用复数.You,he and I arr all students.我、你和他都是学生.He and I like green tea.我和他都喜欢绿茶.点拨(1)用and连接的两个名词如果表示一个整体,谓语动词仍用单数形式.Bacon and eggs was served.火腿和蛋端了上来.Fork and knife was used instead of chopsticks.用刀叉而不是用筷子.(2)有every或each修饰的单数名词并列时,谓语动词用单数形式.第二个every或each可省略.Every hour and(every)minute is important.每一小时,每一分钟都很重要.Each man and(each)woman has a seat.每位男士和女士都就座了.(3)主语是单数,后面有其他干扰的成分如with,together with,along with,aswell as,no less than,like,but,except等短语时,仍和单数形式的谓语动词连用.The teacher,as well as the pupils,is doing morning exercises.老师和学生在做早操.A woman with a baby is coming to the hospital.一个妇女抱着一个婴儿正向医院走来.(4)当两个主语由or,either...or,neither...nor或not only...but also等连接时,谓语动词应和最邻近的主语一致.His parents or his sister often helps him.要么是他父母要么是他姐姐(妹妹)常帮助他.Either Tim or hs brothers have to tidy the room.不是蒂姆,就得是他的兄弟们去打扫房间.Neither the teacher nor the students know the answer.老师和学生都不知道答案.Not only the pupils but also the teacher is going to the cinema.不但学生们,而且连老师也要去看电影.(5)有些集体名词,如:people,police,youth,cattle等用作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.The police are looking for the missing child.警察在寻找失踪的儿童.People standing there are talking about the bad news.站在那边的人正在议论那个坏消息.Catle arr also kept.还养牛.点拨但people作“民族”解时,作单数用.The Chinese people is a great people.中华民族是一个伟大的民族.(6)有些名词以“s”结尾,但却是单数.如:news,physics,maths,politics等.所以谓语动词应用单数形式.What's the news?这消息是什么?Physics is not very easy to learn.物理不很容易学.Maths is not easy to learn.数学不容易学.(7)在由here和there引起的句子中,如有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语动词通常和最邻近be的那个名词一致.Here are some envelopes and paper for you.这儿有几个信封和纸给你.There is a pen and three books on the desk.书桌上有一支钢笔,三本书.(8)集体名词作主语时,如作为整体看待,谓语动词用单数;如作为个体看待,则用复数.这类集体名词有audience(观众,听众),class(班级),committee(委员会),couple(夫妇),family(家庭),government(政府),group(小组),team(队),army(部队)等.My family is a small one.我的家庭是个小家庭.My family are listening to the radio.我家里人正在听广播.(9)each和由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词,在意义上属于单数.它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.Each day is better than the one before.一天比一天好.Every student must be here on time.每个学生必须按时到这里来.(10)Chinese,French,English,Japanese等名词作主语表示语言时,用单数动词;表示人时,用复数动词.English is spoken in many countries.许许多国家讲英语.The Chinese are very friendly.中国人很友好.(11)表示时间、重量、价值、长度、距离等的复数名词作主语时,把它视作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式.Fifty years is not a short period.50年并不是一个短时期.Twenty miles is a long way to walk.走二十英里路可是很长的一段路程.(12)a number of与the number of作主语.“a number of+复数可数名词”表示“一些”“许多”的意思,谓语动词用复数;“the number of+复数可数名词”表示“······的数目、数量”,谓语动词用单数.A number of books are missing from the library.图书馆丢了许多书.The number of workers in this factory is increasing.这家工厂的工人数目正在增加.(三)表语是指跟在连系动词be,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell,become等词后面的词语或从句,用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态.由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、动词不定式、介词短语、-ing分词、过去分词(短语)、从句等充当.You are a student.I am a student,too.你是学生,我也是学生.(名词作表语)-Who is it?是谁呀?-It's me/I.是我.(代词作表语)当人称代词作表语时,在口语中常用宾格,在正式文体中用主格.The girl is quite pretty.这个姑娘长得相当漂亮.(形容词作表语)Five plus seven is twelve.5加7是12.(数词作表语)The meeting is over.会议结束了.(副词作表语)My books are on the desk.我的书在书桌上.(介词短语作表语)My wish is to be an artist.我的愿望是成为一名艺术家.(动词不定式短语作表语)What he likes is reading novels.他的喜好是读小说.(-ing分词短语作表语)Are you excited about your new job?你对你的新工作感到高兴吗?(过去分词作表语)The question is what we should do first.问题是我们先干什么.(从句作表语)(四)宾语1.直接宾语宾语表示动作的对象或行为的承受者,用在及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词之后.可以作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、名词化的形容词、-ing分词(短语)、从句等.(1)名词作宾语.She is playing the piano now.她正在弹钢琴.Please open the door.请把门打开.(2)代词作宾语.She often helps us with our study.她常常帮助我们学习.We should keep these in mind.我们应该记住这些.(3)数词作宾语.I can give two.我可以给两个.I like the first.我喜欢第一个.(4)不定式(短语)作宾语.He tried to catch up with his dassmates.他设法赶上他的同学.I hate to sing.我不喜欢唱歌.(5)名词化的形容词作宾语.We should respect the old.我们应尊敬老人.The scientists may find out the unknown.科学家们可以发现未知的事物.(6)-ing分词(短语)作宾语.Return the book to the library as soon as you finish reading it.你一看完这本书就还回图书馆.He enjoys wvatching TV plays.他喜欢看电视剧.(7)从句作宾语.She said that she was busy.她说她很忙.The mother asked how her daughter was.母亲问她的女儿身体如何.2.间接宾语在英语中,有些及物动词,如bring,give,send,show,tell,teach,lend,pass等,可以有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫做间接宾语,指物的叫做直接宾语,间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前.Can you give me any information on this matter?你能给我提供这些事的任何信息吗?Write me a letter every month,please.请每月给我写封信.Please make her a model plane.请给她做个飞机模型.有时,也可以在间接宾语之前加介词to或for,构成介词短语,并把这个短语放在直接宾语之后.Mother bought the handkerchieffor you,not for me.母亲是给你,而不是给我买的手帕.I took it to the policeman on duty.我把它交给了值勤的警察.(五)定语定语是修饰名词或代词的.定语有前置定语和后置定语之分.一般来说,形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格等作定语时通常放在被修饰的词之前作前置定语;而副词、介词短语、不定式短语、-ing分词短语、-ed分词短语、从句作定语时通常放在被修饰的词之后作后置定语.He said he had an important meeting to attend.他说他有一个重要会议要出席.(形容词作前置定语)This is my friend,Li Da.这是我的朋友,李达.(代词作前置定语)When I sat down,a fourth man rose to speak.我坐下后第4个人又起来发言.(数词作前置定语)We should follow the doctor's advice.我们应该听医生的嘱咐.(名词所有格作前置定语)Who is the man over there?那边的男人是谁?(副词作后置定语)A college in London had agreed to take me.最后伦敦的一所院校同意接受我.(介词短语作后置定语)Can you give me some work to do?你能给我些活儿干吗?(不定式短语作后置定语)Who is the boy dancing over there?在那儿跳舞的少年是谁呀?(-ing分词短语作后置定语)There is a little difference between written English and spoken English.书面英语和口头英语有些不同.(过去分词词组作后置定语)I hate to see letters written in pencil.我讨厌看用铅笔写的信.(-ed分词短语作后置定语)The car that's parked outside is mine.停在外面的汽车是我的.(限制性从句作后置定语)Your car,which I noticed outside,has been hit by another one.我在外面看见你的汽车了,它被另一辆车撞了.(非限制性从句作后置定语)(六)状语1.状语的表现形式状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分.可用作状语的有副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、-ing分词、从句等.This is even better than that.这个比那个更好.(副词作状语)The coat costs40dollars.这件上衣值40美元.(名词作状语)She will arrive on Monday.她将于星期一到达.(介词短语作状语)To kill bugs,spray the area regularly.为了杀死臭虫,这地方要经常喷洒.(不定式作状语)They entered the room,talking and laughing.他们又说又笑地走进房间.(-ing分词作状语)She has lived alone since her husband died.自丈夫去世后她一直独自生活.(从句作状语)2.状语的分类状语按照内容可以分为时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语、程度状语、频度状语、伴随状语.What were you doing at ten last night?昨晚十点钟你在干什么?(时间状语)I met Professor Wu at the library.我在图书馆遇见了吴教授.(地点状语)Having no money,he could not buy the TV set.因为没有钱,他不能买电视机.(原因状语)In order to get into a good school,he studies hard day and night.为了考入一个好的学校,他夜以继日地苦读.(目的状语)The wind blew with such force that people could harly stand up against it.风很大,人们几乎站不住.(结果状语)I can't do it without your help.没有你的帮助,我做不成这件事.(条件状语)Whatever/No matter what I said,he refused to go.不论我说什么他都不愿走.(让步状语)He knew the country around as he knewv his own house.他了解那儿的乡村一如他了解自己的房舍.(方式状语)They are now at breakfast,talking about the plan for their trip.他们正在吃早餐,谈论着旅行计划.(伴随状语) We are very busy.我们很忙.(程度状语)作频度状语的副词always,often,usually,seldom,ever,never等一般放在实义动词之前,连系动词之后.They can hardly stay at home alone.他们几乎不单独在家.(频度状语)They are always late for school.他们总是上学迟到.(频度状语)(七)宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词,除了要有一个直接宾语外,还要带上宾语补足语,句子的意思才能完整.宾语和宾语补足语(简称宾补)一起构成复合宾语,二者之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.可以作宾补的有形容词、副词、名词、不定式(短语)、-ing分词(短语)、-ed分词(短语)、介词短语等.I made the room beautiful.我把房子拾掇得漂漂亮亮的.(形容词作宾语补足语)Keep the lights on while you are out.你不在家时,请让灯开着.(副词作宾语补足语)They named the child John.他们给孩子取名约翰.(名词作宾语补足语)What do you want me to do?你希望我为你做些什么事?(不定式短语作宾语补足语)I saw him coming last night.我昨天晚上看见他来了.(-ing分词“短语”作宾语补足语)I had my watch mended in town.我在城里修的表.(叫别人修的表)(-ed分词“短语”作宾语补足语)You should put your things in order.你应该把你的东西摆整齐.(介词短语作宾语补足语)三、独立成分(一)呼唤语称呼人的用语,称为呼语.它可位于句首,也可位于句末或句中.Hurry up,children!or we'll be late.赶快吧,孩子们！否则我们要迟到了.Shylock,how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?夏洛克,如果你不宽恕别人,你自己怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢?(二)感叹语感叹语表示喜怒哀乐等感情.它多位于句首,也可放在句中或句末.常用作感叹语的感叹词有:hello,oh,well,why,alas,ch等.Here!Don'tcry!好了！别哭了！Oh,what a beautiful garden this is!啊！这是多么美丽的花园！Well,well.Here's Jack.啊唷,杰克来了.Why,it is past noon.哎呀,已经过中午了.Ah!I have never heard of such things before!啊！我以前从未听说过这种事情！点拨(1)其他词类的词也可用作感叹词,表示突然的情绪.Fire!Fire!Water!Quick!The house is on fire.着火了！着火了！水！快！房子着火了！(2)yes和no在句子里也是一种独立成分.-Do yo know Tom?你认识汤姆吗?-Yes,I do是的,我认识.(三)插入语在叙事中途往往插入一些词语,对一句话作一些附加的解释.这类词语称为插入语.它可位于句首,句中或句尾.常用的插入语有:Ithink我想,I believe我相信,I suppose我猜想,I must admit我必须承认,in my opinion依我看,as far as I know据我所知,as...is concerned就······来说,to tell you the truth说真的,to be frank坦率地说,in other words换句话说,after all毕竟,of course当然,if you don't mind如果你不介意的话,if I may say so 如果我可以这样说的话,等.By the way,do you know the young man's name?顺便问一下,你知道那个年轻人的名字吗?That's the cheapest suit we have,I'm afraid.恐怕那是我们最便宜的西服了.I say,let's go out for a drive next Sunday.我说,咱们下星期天开车出去兜兜风吧.To be frank,I don't think you are right.坦率地说,我认为你是错的.The cross-talk,I think,was both interesting and instructive.那个相声,我觉得既有趣又能教育人.Honestly,that is all the money I have.老实说,我所有的钱就是这些.好题精练一、从下列对话中划出独立成分1.Wife:First,we need money;second,we need another baby.Husband:Sad to say,I can't trust a woman any more.2.Tom:Fire!Be quick!Bob:Nonsense(胡说)！Tom,you are dreaming!Father:Silence!Mother is sleeping.Tom:No,mother is fighting the fire!Father:Oh,my poor Tom,what a dream you've got!答案:1.First;second;Sad to say2.Fire;Nonsense;Silence;No;Oh二、用动词的适当形式填空1.His family_________(is,are)a happy one.2.The United States_________(are,is)to the south of Canada.3.Fifty miles_________(is,are)a long way to walk.4.Everyone_________(think,thinks)they are right.5.Here_________(is,are)the news.6.John andI_________(work,works)together.7.There_________(is,are)five pupils in the room.8.My class_________(are,is)going to the park.9.French_________(are,is)spoken in many countries.10.Neither James nor Tom_________(was,were)at home.答案:1.is2.is3.is4.thinks5.is6.work7.are8.are9.is10.was三、翻译下列句子1.我母亲是一位医生.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.天空变得越来越暗了.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.我们要使学校变得更美丽.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.我发觉那本书很有趣.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.别再弄出噪音了.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.你吃过午饭了吗?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.她给我买了一本词典.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.请递给我那张纸.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.My mother is a doctor.2.The sky is becoming darker and darker.3.We'll make our school more beautiful.4.I find the book very interesting.5.Stop making a noise.6.Have you had lunch yet?7.She bought me a dictionary/She bought a dictionary for me.8.Please pass me the paper.。

中考英语语法思维导图（2）名词

名词分类用法万物之名称专有名词大写首字母普通名词人名地名国籍某些抽象事物月份星期节日书电影诗歌名称呼用语个体名词可集体名词物质名词不抽象名词不作主语作表语作宾语作宾补作定语只用单数只用复数随机应变整单，成员复man/womansports单复数可数名词可直接放数后可变复数不穿鞋就戴帽帽a/an/the/sb’ｓ鞋：复数不可数名词不可直接放数后不可变复数前不a/an后不ss结尾不可数名词直接+s s/x/ch/sh+es辅+y→i+es f/fe→v+eshero,potato,tomato+es其余+s不规则man→men woman→womenchild→children tooth→teethfoot→feet goose→geesemouse→mice sheep→sheepdeer→deer fish→fish/es既名数也所有格’s/’从前往后“的”of从后往前“的”of+sb ’s意思是“的”时间、距离、国家、城市等词所有格后面跟的地点往往省略所有格修饰的词，若前已提过，可省各有共有问题five minutes ’ walk China ’s capitalgo to the doctor ’ｓa friend of myfather ’ｓa friend of mine共有(A+B)’ｓ各有A ’s+B ’ｓ判定空后名词的单复数表达量可数名词两种均可不可数名词接可复/不可接复数数字等于一接单数大于一接复数many,severala few, fewhundreds of, a number of some, anyplenty of a lot of, lots ofmucha great deal ofa bit of f/fe →v+ess,x,ch,sh +es帽a/an/th sb ’s eone of名词中考点单复数所有格表达量近七年河北中考名词真题再现2006年27.---Would you like some drinks, boys? ---Yes, please.A.some orangesB.two boxes of chocolatesC.some cakesD.two bottles of orangewrong （决定）and regret it later.85.I don’t want to make a2007年29. ________ room is big and bright. They like it very much.A. Tom and SamB. Tom’s and SamC. Tom and Sam’sD. Tom’s and Sam’ｓ81. My _______ (爱好) are reading, singing and dancing.2008年24．Can you imagine what life will be like in ______ time?A.20 years’B.20 year’ｓC.20-years’D.20-years76.I will show my collection of ________ (邮票)to the class.2009年83. Computer is one of the greatest ________ (发明). I can’t imagine life without it.85. Mr. Smith gave us _________________ (一条) advice on how to keep healthy.2010年28. I don’t think looking after children is just __________ work.A. womanB. woman’ｓC. womenD. women’ｓ82. We need eleven_____________ (play) for our soccer team.2011年30.Cici enjoys dancing. It’s one of her __________.A. prizeB. prizesC. hobbyD. hobbies82.They have invited a ___________(science) to give them a speech on space.2012年30. I’d like a ________ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good for health.A. potatoB. bananaC. candyD. pie85. Many schools hold several _________ (festival)of music or sports every year.名词课后作业得分：________1.There are many ________ in our school.(2010年石家庄重点中学摸底联考)A. woman teachersB. women teacherC. womans teachersD. women teachers2.________ is coming. The zoos and parks will be free for kids on that day.(2010年石家庄市模拟)A. Teachers' DayB. Women's DayC. Mother’s DayD. Children's Day3.________ fathers always made them do what they are not ________ .(2010裕华区模拟)A. Peter and Ann’s; interestedB. Peter's and Ann's; interested inC. Peter’s and Ann’s interestingD. Peter and Ann’s, interesting4.Advertisements give us ________ about products, such as their prices and uses. (2010年唐山路北四模)A. informationB. newsC. wordsD. pictures5.-How is Joy's skirt? (2010年唐山路南二模)-Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.A. her sister's and KateB. her sister and KateC. her sister and Kate'sD. her sister's and Kate's6.Are you happy to have the ________ summer holiday? (2010年唐山路南一模)A. two monthsB. two monthC. two months' D．two month's7.The problems are too difficult for me. Please give ________ me. (2010年石家庄桥东摸底)A. some advicesB. an adviceC. advicesD. some advice8.Mary's skirt is the same as her ________ .(2010年石家庄23中模拟)A. sistersB. brotherC. sister'sD. brothers9.________ bikes are put in front of the building. (2010年衡水模拟)A. Lucy's and Lily'sB. Lucy and Lily'sC. Lucy and LilyD. Lucy's and Lily10.________ is an interesting subject. (2010年张家口模拟二)A. HomeworkB. ScienceC. KnowledgeD. Experience11.September 10th is the ________.(2010年张家口一模)A. Teacher DayB. Teachers DayC. Teachers' DayD. Teacher's Day12.Is there enough ________ for me to sit here with you? (2010年石家庄28中二模)A. roomB. houseC. roomsD. place13.The ________ look very nice! Where did you get them? (2010年石家庄28中一模)A. breadB. chickenC. orangeD. sheep14.They will have a ________ journey in Shanghai to watch the Expo(世博会)．(2010年邯郸二模)A. ten days’B. ten-dayC. ten day'sD. ten days15.The new bookshelf is ________.They like it very much. (2010年邯郸一模)A. Kate's and Mary'sB. Kate's and MaryC. Kate and Mary'sD. Kate and Mary16.-What a great ________ that I can take part in this summer camp! (2010年唐山路北三模)-I'm sure you will enjoy it.A. surpriseB. jobC. pityD. pleasure17.My father felt a little tired after ________ ride. (2010年唐山路北三模)A. two hour'sB. two-hour'sC. two-hours’D. two hours'18.I'd like ________. I'm thirsty. What about you? (2011年石家庄27中四段)A. two bottles of orangesB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottle of orangesD. two bottle of orange19.(2011年唐山路北二模) I don't think looking after children is just ________ work.A. woman 'B. Woman'sC. women D women's20.I am thirsty. Would you bring me ________, please? (2011年唐山路北二模)A. some breadB. some tea 'C. some cakesD. some eggs21.-Please give me a ________ when you arrive. (2011年石家庄裕华基摸)-OK. I will tell you everything as soon as I get there.A. presentB. handC. callD. Ride22.My aunt has a beautiful garden with many ________ in it. (2011年唐山路北一模)A. flowersB. waterC. grassD. class .23.-What's in the cupboard? (2011年唐山路北一模)-A few ________, but little ________.A. apple ;coffeeB. coffee ;applesC. apples ;coffeeD. coffee; apple24.Look! The kites in the sky are in different ________. Some are big and some are small. (2011年石家庄43中模拟)A. sizesB. colorsC. sizeD. color25.-Will you please show me the way to the ________ shop? (2011年张家口一模)- Sorry, I'm new here.A. shoeB. shoesC. shoe'sD. shoes'26.We made it a ________ to read English half an hour every morning. (2011年张家口一模)A. behaviorB. ruleC. secretD. wish27.It is ________ from my home to school.（2011年石家庄9中模拟）A. 20 minute walkB. 20 minutes' walkC. 20 minute's walkD. 20-minutes walk28.I'd like ________. I'm thirsty. What about you?( 2011年石家庄27中四阶段)A. two bottles of orangesB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottle of orangesD. two bottle of orange29.They want to have some ________ for lunch, so they decided to catch ________ now. (2011年石家庄28中二模)A. fish; manyB. fishes; muchC. fish; muchD. fishes; many30.Can you give me ________ about improving listening skills? (2011年石家庄42中一模)A. an adviceB. any adviceC. any adviceD. some advice31.The clothes on the shelf are ________. Please ask them to get them back. (2011年唐山路南二模)A. Jim and TimB. Jim's and Tim'sC. Jim's and TimD. Jim and Tim's32.-What’s wrong with that boy? ( 2011年唐山路北三模)-He ________ by a car just now.A. was hitB. hitC. lessonsD. answers33.If you work hard, you'll get good ________. (2011年唐山路北三模)A. gradesB. notesC. lessonsD. answers34.Are you happy to have the ________ summer holiday? (2011年唐山路南一模)A. two monthsB. two monthC. two months’D. two month's35.You have just missed your ________, and you will have to wait for the next round. (2012年石家庄28中模拟)A. chanceB. timeC. partD. turn36.After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took ________ rest. (2012年石家庄28中质检)A. a few minute’sB. a few minutes’C. few minutes’D. few minute’ｓ37.Mrs. Black is a friend of ________. (2012年石家庄40中某模)A. Mary's mother'sB. Mary's motherC. mother's of MaryD. Mary mother's38.- I’m going to the market, let me get some fruits for you. (2012年石家庄40中某模)- Thank you for your ________.A. offerB. informationC. messageD. exhibition39.Jim didn't tell his parents he was going back home. He wanted to give them a ________.(2012年保定二模)A. giftB. surprise C note D call40.-I'm sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired. (2012年石家庄2中一模)-There's no ________ for this while you are at work.A. causeB. excuseC. matterD. choice41.This is ________ football. Why not ask them if you need it? (2012年邯郸二模)A. Tom and HelenB. Tom’s and HelenC. Tom and Helen’ｓD. Tom’s and Helen’ｓ42.-I hear you run for half an hour at school every day. (2012年邯郸二模)-Right, we have to. It is one of the ________ in our school.A. rulesB. hobbiesC. choicesD. plans43.I couldn't see clearly, so my father bought ________ for me last week. (2012年邯郸一模)A. a pair of glassesB. a glassesC. a glassD. a pair of glass44.If you work hard, you will get good ________. (2012年石家庄18县模拟)A. gradesB. notesC. checksD. answers45.My father will take ________ to Sanya for the winter holiday next year. (2012年石家庄18县模拟)A. Jim and IB. I and JimC. Jim and meD. me and Jim46.Mr. White would like to talk to ________ fathers before the meeting. (2012年石家庄质检)A. Tom and Kevin'sB. Tom's and KevinC. Tom and KevinD. Tom's and Kevin’s47.-1 want to have a ________ with you about this problem. (2012年唐山路北二模)-Sure.A. breakB. talkC. messageD. lesson48.It's getting warmer and warmer, and ________ are turning green. (2012年唐山路南二模)A. tree leafB. trees leafsC. trees leavesD. tree leaves49.________ mothers both work in the same hospital. (2012年邢台二模)A. Tim and Peter'sB. Tim's and PeterC. Tim's and Peter'sD. Tim and Peter50.-Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. (2012年石家庄裕华区二模)- She said she would never forget some pleasant ________ while working there.A. experimentsB. expressionsC. experiencesD. emotions51.Mary's skirt is the same as her ________. (2012年张家口一模)A. sisterB. brotherC. sister'sD. brothers52.-Hurry up, Jack! (2012年张家口一模)-Just give me five more minutes to put my desk in ________.A. timeB. lineC. orderD. shape53.The policeman caught hold of ________ by his arms and took him away. (2012年石家庄长安摸底)A. thiefB. a thiefC. thievesD. the thief54.- I want to improve my English. Could you please give me some good ________, Li Hua? (2012年保定一模)- OK. You'd better spend some time reading it aloud every morning.A. education B information C advice D. direction55.The girls over there are hanging out ________ for selling houses. (2012年石家庄43中模拟)A. websitesB. licensesC. advertisementsD. information56.Can you imagine what life will be like in ________ time? (2012年石家庄基能评价)A.100 yearsB.100-yearsC.100 years'D.100-years'57.Could you lend me your ________? I want to take some photos. (2012年石家庄桥东模拟)A. watchB. radioC. cameraD. telephone58.-Would you like some ________? (2012年石家庄桥东基摸)-No, thank you. I’m not hungry at all.A. waterB. booksC. clothesD. bread59.-Good news. We will have a ________ holiday. (2012年石家庄28中质检)-I've heard of it. But it's coming in ________.A. three days, three days' timeB. three days', three days'C. three-day, three daysD. three days, three-day time60.-Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now? (2012年石家庄市一模)-Sorry, I know nothing about him. We are ________.A. friendsB. neighborsC. classmatesD. strangers。

高中英语语法知识思维导图

什么是语法？+表语+宾语+间接宾语+直接宾语+宾语+宾语补足语to/—ingsnot一般现在时vs.一般过去时一般将来时将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或者重复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon,next week, this afternoon，tomorrowWe will graduate next year.我们明年毕业。

进行时（1）(V+ing）现在分词(V+ing)现在分词（V+ing）?进行时（2）完成时(1）Part1 完成时的句型构成1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p。

p。

)I have already finished my homework.（我已经完成了我的作业）1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p。

p.)Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years。

（珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。

)1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p。

p。

)？Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?（过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗?)2-1 陈述句型:S+had+过去分词（p。

p。

）This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it。

（这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了)2-2 否定句型:S+had+not+过去分词（p。

p。

）I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。

）2-3 疑问句型:Had+s+过去分词(p。

p.）?Had you ever been to a blind date before you married？（你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？)3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词（p。

2023年八年级升九年级人教版暑假衔接第二讲英语语法思维导图

别懊丧，生活就像心电图，一帆风顺就证明你挂了。

课题二、英语语法思维导图第一局部中考语法思维导图词：__________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________句：__________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________其次局部词类与句子专题一词类词类英语名称例词做题考虑名词Noun (n. )pen (钢笔)English (英语)life (生活)people(人们)1.可数名词和不行数名词2.单复数3.全部格冠词Article (art. ) a / an (一、一个)the (这，那)1.the 表示特指；2.a / an 表示泛指，3.a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用在元音音素开头的单词前。

代词Pronoun(pron.)we (我们), his (他的)，，this (这个)1.人称代词，物主代词，反身代词表及用法2.指示代词：this, that, these, those3.复合不定代词4.不定代词形容词Adjective(adj.)free (空闲的)，happy (欢乐的)，interesting (好玩的)1.用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征, 放名词前面2.放系动词之后3.级专题二、动词分类1.实义动词2.系动词3.助动词4.情态动词专题三、句子成分1.句子是由词依据肯定的语法结构组成的，组成句子的各个局部叫做句子成分。

2.常见的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语、状语、同位语。

3.英语句子的主体成分为主语和谓语，其他为次要成分。

1.3-名词的单复数：英语语法思维导图(初中-大学)

复合名词的复数形式
以不可数名词结尾，无复数形式：homework、newspaper
以【man/woman】为前缀的，前后名词都变为复数： woman doctor→women doctors、man waiter→men waiters
【名词+名词】构成的名词（前缀为【man/woman】的除外），后面的名词变为复数：boy friend→boy friends、paper bag→paper bags
特殊情况
以【元音+o/oo】结尾的名词，直接加【s】：boom→booms、portfolio→portfolios 加【es】：cargo、echo、embargo、hero、tomato、veto
【辅音+o】结尾的名词
加【s】：memento、concerto、piano、solo、photo、quarto、kilo、largo
副词+名词：online、overdue、overdose、 outside、 outdoor
动词+名词：washing machine、swimming pool
副词+动词：output、intake
副词+名词：upstairs、downstairs
动词+副词：takeover
【可数名词+介词（短语）】构成的名词，前面名词变为复数： father-in-law→fathers-in-law
【动词原型/动词分词+副词】构成的名词，直接加【s】：grownup→grown-ups、stand-by→stand-bys
复合名词
名词+名词：girlfriend、greenhouse、football、 grandmother、 homework、 teacup、 friendship

思维导图：名词

有些名词既可以作可数名词以可作不可数名词，其意义不同
exercise锻炼——exercises 习题，演练 work 工作——works 著作 paper纸——papers 报纸，试卷 room空间——rooms房间 cloth 布——clothes 衣服 wood木头——woods森林 time 时间——times 次数 good 益处——goods 货物
名词所有格
名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系。 Beijing is China's capital.=Beijing is the capital of China.
情况单数名词以s结尾的复数名词不以s结尾的复数名词方法词尾加-'s 词尾加-' 词尾加-'s 例子 my friend's uncle Teachers' Day Children's Day
可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、定语
句法功能
阴性专有名词：例：England 普通名词
mother, queen, witch
名词的性
father, king, wizard
阳性
分类
个体名词：例：desk 集体名词：例：class 物质名词：例：meat 抽象名词：例：help
名词名词
可数名词及其单复数
情况一般情况以-s,-x, -ch, -sh 结尾以“辅音字母+y” 结尾以“元音字母+y”结尾以-o结尾以-f或-fe结尾构成方法加-s 加-es 将y变为i 再加-es 只加-s 有生命的加-es 无生命的加-s 将f或fe变为v, 再加-es 例词 pen-pens, map-maps bus-buses, box-boxes watch-watches, brush-brushes factory-factories, family-families boy-boys, day-days Negro, hero, potato, tomato 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿 wife, thief, shelf, knife, wolf, half, leaf, life 妻见小偷架下藏，手拿小刀想杀狼，谁知落下半片叶，砸在头上一命亡

23张思维导图,搞定初中英语全部语法(可打印)

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2025年中考英语语法复习课件名词的数与格、概念与分类

end.
attention
① 名词属格表示主谓或动宾关系时，被修饰的名词一般具有动词含义。 ② 名词属性的主谓与动宾关系不易区分，需结合上下文。 • Japan’s occupation of the pacific islands（主谓） • Japan’s occupation by the Allied powers（动宾）
三、名词的数：可数名词
（三）几种特殊的复数形式的名词
① 单复数同形 • 如：sheep ； deer；people；fish等，以及由汉语音译表示度量、币制等单位的名词，如yuan ② 一些名词/形容词+s、+es后，意思发生了变化表示特别的意义 • 如：goods（货物）、papers（文件）、manners（礼貌）、times（时代）、conditions（环
（二）不可数名词的转化 1. 物质名词表示种类或具体事物时则成为可数名词 • 如：glass（玻璃）---a glass（一个玻璃杯）；tea（茶）---two teas（两杯茶） ice（冰）---three ices（三个冰淇淋）
2. 抽象名词具体化时也可成为可数名词 • 如：beaty（美丽）---a beauty（一个美人）；youth（青春）---a youth（一个青年）
a German ---- two Germans（德国直接加s）, an American---two Americans, an Indian---two Indians ⑤ 改变单数名词中的元音字母或其他形式 • 如：mouse—mice，child—children，tooth—teeth，foot—feet，tooth—teeth
重点：名词是否可数，重在意义，不在形式，与使用语境有关

1.2-名词的分类：英语语法思维导图(初中-大学)

地点：river、London
事物：book、mountain、car
抽象名词，指代情感、观念、想法等无形的事物：love、happiness、intelligence、anger、excitement
以复数形式出现的名词
需要成双成对出现不能加【不定冠词a/an】不能用具体数词修饰可以用a pair of、two pairs of、many等修饰
名词的分类
专有名词&普通名词
人名：Tom、Wang
地名：Beijing、London
专有名词，第1个字母要大写
国家名：China、Russia 单位名：the State Council 国务院、the Ministry of Finance 财政部
组织名：European Union 欧盟、United Nations 联合国
trousers 裤子、socks 袜子、scissors 剪刀、shorts 短裤、glasses 眼镜、jeans 牛仔裤、pants 裤子、 binoculars望远镜、tweezers 镊子、clothes 衣服、 congratulations 祝贺、thanks 感谢
大型活动或事件：The Belt and Road 一带一路
可数名词
个体名词，表示个体：aunt、uncle 集体名词，表示人或事物的总称：class、army

普通名词
物质名词，无法分为个体的事物：coﬀee、water
不可数名词
抽象名词
表示性质、状态、性感等抽象概念：interesting、pleasure 之前一般不能加【定冠词the】
语言名词，表示语言的名词：Chinese、French
可数名词&不可数名词

超实用高考英语复习：高中英语基础语法思维导图点对点讲解(思维导图)—— 01名词

（一）名词的分类（二）名词的数1.可数名词可数名词指所表示的人或事物可以用数来计算,有单、复数两种形式。

2.不可数名词不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词。

不可数名词一般不分单数和复数,也不能与a, an 直接连用。

不可数名词主要包括物质名词和抽象名词,一般用单数形式,但以下几点需要注意:英语中不可数名词比较复杂,有些名词在不同的语境下,会有不同的概念,从而也表现出可数与不可数的不同。

（三）名词的格所有格表示所有关系,修饰另一名词,作定语。

它有两种形式:一种是在名词词尾加-s构成,第二种是由“介词of+名词”构成。

前者多用于表示有生命的东西,后者多用于表示无生命的东西。

（四）名词的修饰语名词可以由名词、形容词、个别副词、介词短语、从句、单位词来修饰,使名词的语意更明确、更完整。

这些修饰语大致上可以分为两类:普通修饰语和其他修饰语。

（五）名词的功能高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。

一是细化“作战地图”。

从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。

各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。

二是组织集体攻坚。

发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。

学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。

三是找准学科增分点。

认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。

初中英语语法知识点思维导图

初中英语语法知识点思维导图英语语法是学好英语的关键之一，对于初中生来说，掌握基础的语法知识点有助于他们更好地理解和运用英语。

本文将根据初中英语语法知识点思维导图，对相关的内容进行详细介绍。

一、句子成分1. 主语：句子中进行动作或被动的人或事物。

2. 谓语：句子中表示主语动作、行为、状态等的及物或不及物动词。

3. 宾语：句子中接在及物动词后的名词或代词，说明动作的对象。

4. 定语：用来修饰名词或代词的成分。

5. 状语：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。

6. 表语：说明主语的状态、特征或身份的词或词组。

二、动词时态1. 一般现在时：表示现阶段常常或经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

2. 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。

3. 一般将来时：表示将来某个时间里要发生的动作或存在的状态。

4. 现在进行时：表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。

5. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间里正在进行或发生的动作。

6. 将来进行时：表示将来某个时间里正在进行或发生的动作。

三、语态1. 被动语态：表示主动语态中的动作承受者或受事者放在句首，主动语态中的主语放在句末。

2. 一般现在时被动语态：由“am/is/are + 过去分词”构成。

3. 一般过去时被动语态：由“was/were + 过去分词”构成。

4. 一般将来时被动语态：由“will be + 过去分词”构成。

四、名词1. 可数名词：可以单独使用或与数词、限定词和形容词连用。

2. 不可数名词：不能直接与数词、限定词和形容词连用。

3. 特殊名词：名词的复数形式不规则，需要特殊记忆。

4. 名词所有格：名词在所表示的内容之后加“'s”来表示所有关系。

5. 名词作主语、宾语、表语时的用法与修饰词的选择。

五、代词1. 人称代词：表示人物的代词，包括主格、宾格、和名词性物主代词。

2. 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词，包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。

3. 反身代词：表示动作作用在主语上，由“myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves”构成。

初中英语语法思维导图总结 - 词法之词的功能和词形变化

词法：词的功能：句子成分八大句子成分：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语，同位语1、主语：通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式to do、动名词doing或从句担任。

Eg. She went out in a hurry.她匆匆忙忙地出去了。

(代词)Workers build factories and houses.工人建造工厂和房屋(名词)Three plus five is eight. 3加5得8.（数词）To see is to believe.眼见为实。

(不定式)Smoking is bad for health.吸烟有害健康。

(动名词)When we shall leave hasn’t been decided。

(从句)The young should respect the old.年轻人应该尊重老年人。

（名词化形容词）2、谓语：谓语由动词构成，由简单谓语和复合谓语之分。

①简单谓语：由动词或动词词组组成Eg. The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。

He looked after two orphans.他照顾两个孤儿。

②复合谓语：由“情态动词或助动词+动词”构成；“连系动词+表语”构成复合谓语Eg.He can speak English very well.他英语说得很好。

The work must be done before three o’clock.这项工作在三点前必须做完。

This film is interesting.这部电影很有意思。

He seems unhappy.他似乎不高兴。

3、宾语：表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任。

宾语包括动词宾语(直接、间接)和介词宾语。

Eg. They offered me the job. 他们把那份工作给了我。

英语语法超图解—30天用思维导图战胜英语语法_Step1

第一阶段：Day 01～07　20个一定要知道的语法概念Step 1　先搞懂概念与时态Day0101　什么是英语语法？01　图解语法，一看就会！Grammar Mind Mapping英语语法，指英语中语言的结构规律，主要包括“单词、短语、句型和语法”四个要素。

以下就根据这四个要素做细节说明：1．单词英语单词依据在句子中的作用，可分为八大词类，分别为名词、代词、形容词、动词、副词、介词、连词和感叹词。

以下为详细说明：1-1．名词：表示人、地、事、物等的词。

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词前要加冠词a / an，不可数名词前要加定冠词the，例如：a book, an apple, the air。

1-2．代名：表示代替名词或名词短语的形式用词。

代名词可以分为：1-3．形容词：用来修饰名词或代词的词。

形容词可分为：1-4．动词：是用以表示动作或状态的词，例如：be, go, get, have, run, send等。

另外，动词在使用上，要特别注意时态和语态的变化。

1-5．副词：可用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，也可以用来修饰短语。

副词分为：1-6．介词：通常放在名词和代词之前，用来表示名词或代词和其前面词的关系。

介词从形式上来分有四种：1-7．连词：用来连接单词、短语、从句和句子的词。

连词分为：1-8．感叹词：用以表示强烈的情绪和感情的一种声音或叫喊。

例如：Hello! Hurrah! Hi! Oh！等等。

2．短语短语是由两个或两个以上的英语单词所组合的词语，不包含主语和动词，可以构成句子的一部分，也可以用来当名词、形容词和副词使用。

短语主要分为以下五大种类：3．句型句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。

一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和动词部分，这两部分也是句子中最主要的成分。

而句子的次要成分包括宾语，形容词，副词，主语补语等。

首先介绍一下，在一般语法说明中容易使用到的英语缩写：以下为英语五大基本句型：句型01：S＋V（主语＋不及物动词）句型02：S＋V＋SC（主语＋系动词＋表语）此结构中的动词常为系动词，例如：look, seem, appear, prove, become, turn, sound, taste, keep, stay... 等。