希腊罗马神话——考试样卷
《希腊神话》阅读考核试题
《希腊神话》阅读考核试题1.希腊神话源于古老的（）。
[单选题]A.罗马文明B.爱琴文明(正确答案)C.古埃及文明D.中国商周文明2.《希腊神话故事》中，谁创造了人类？谁使人类有了灵性？（） [单选题]A.普罗米修斯、雅典娜(正确答案)B.宙斯、赫拉C.瓦拉诺斯、盖娅3.（）是太阳神并主管光明、青春、音乐神。
[单选题]A.宙斯B.阿尔忒弥斯C.阿波罗(正确答案)4.“普罗米修斯之火”象征着（）。
[单选题]A.燃烧得很旺的火B. 智慧创新的力量(正确答案)C.麻烦的事情5.（）好奇，私自打开盒子，于是一切恶习、灾难和疾病从里面飞了出来。
[单选题]A.忒休斯B.欧罗巴C.潘多拉(正确答案)6.（）是希腊神话中九位文艺和科学女神的通称。
[单选题]A.法厄同B. 缪斯(正确答案)C.雅典娜7.譬喻再强大的英雄也有致命的死穴的典故是（）。
[单选题]A.斯芬克斯之谜B.特洛伊木马C.阿喀琉斯之踵(正确答案)8.特洛伊战争持续十年，奥德修斯献计制造一只大木马，这木马称为（）。
[单选题]A.战神之马B.特洛伊木马(正确答案)C.奥德修斯木马9.在希腊神话里,在马其顿和希腊东部的色萨利之间矗立着一座高山是（）。
[单选题]A.高加索山B.奥林匹斯山(正确答案)C.特莫洛斯山10.海洋和水域的一切主宰——海神是（）。
[单选题]A.阿波罗B.赫斯提亚C.波塞冬(正确答案)11.最开始哪个国王不愿意参加征讨特洛伊的战争？（） [单选题]A.奥德修斯(正确答案)B.列奥尼达C.阿伽门农12.普罗米修斯送给人类的礼物是什么？（） [单选题]A.光B.火(正确答案)C.矿13.潘多拉的盒子有各种各样的灾难，但盒子底还深藏唯一一件美好的东西是（）。
[单选题]A.智慧B.善良C.希望(正确答案)14.最终把普罗米修斯从悬崖绝壁上救下的英雄是（）。
[单选题]A.阿瑞斯B.赫尔墨斯C.赫拉克勒斯(正确答案)15.阿瑞斯是什么神？（） [单选题]A.战神(正确答案)B.商旅之神C.匠神16.特洛亚人虽然杀死了希腊英雄阿喀琉斯，但最终却未能挽回整个战争的败局。
希腊罗马神话 期末作业
“I, why, my lady, I…” 【“我，啊，夫人，我……”】
“I know you did it on purpose to protect your friends. Well, you will be sorry. 【“我知道你是故意这么做来保护你的朋友们。好吧，你会感到遗憾的。 】 Since you like to talk so much, I'll punish you with a different kind of conversation. 【既然你这么喜欢和人说话，我要用一种不同的谈话方式来教训你。】 From now on, you will never be able to speak first in a conversation at all. You will only be able to repeat what others say to you. ” 【今后，你和人谈话不得先开口，你只能重复别人对你说过的话。”】 And that is what happened. Poor Echo! She could only repeat what others said in her presence. 【这就是事情的开端。可怜的艾珂!她只能重复别人在她面前说过的话了。】
One day, she was walking through the forest, she happened upon a handsome young man. 【一天，她在森林中行走，遇到了一个漂亮的小伙子。】 He was a young hunter by the name of Narcissus and he was so good-looking that women and nymphs and even goddesses practically threw themselves at his feet. 【他叫纳西索斯，是一个年轻的猎人。纳西索斯确实十分英俊，世俗和仙 界女子，甚至女神都拜倒在他的脚下。】
希腊罗马神话——考试样卷
A Mid-term Examination inGreek and Roman MythologyName:__________ Class:_________ Score:_________I. Match the gods/goddesses and their roles in mythology. (10%)( ) 1. Diana A. goddess of grain( ) 2. Poseidon B. goddess of hunting, the moon( ) 3. Hades C. god of the sea( ) 4. Hera D. queen of Olympus; goddess of marriageand childbirth( ) 5. Ceres E. goddess of arts and crafts and defensivewar; goddess of wisdom( ) 6. Athena F. goddess of beauty and sexual desire ( ) 7. Aphrodite G.. god of war( ) 8. Mars H. metal smith of the gods( ) 9. Hermes I. ruler of the Underworld; lord of the dead( ) 10. Hephaestus J. Zeus’messenger, guardian of travelers,merchants and thievesK. one of the Fates who determine thelength of each mortal’s lifeII. Choose a word/phrase from the following list to fill in each of the blanks with, changing their forms if necessary. (20%)1.The report presented by the scientist to the government was extremely _______ - no one could understand it.2.He was ________ by her beauty, but lacked the courage to speak to her.3.Another round of negotiations were conducted on the Middle East under the _______ of the UN.4.Seeing the ________ expression on his father’s face, the boy immediately knew what was awaiting him.5.While the president was casually chatting with his supporters, his body-guards were _______, looking for any single sign of danger.6.The scientist spent all his life researching the ____________ of his hometown.7.Showing disrespect to gods according to many cultures is to invite ______.8.The young man had about him a(n) _______ of youth and health.9. When the theater caught fire, there was a great______.10. The desk was a ______ of papers and unopened letters.III. Multiple Choice Questions (10%)( )1. The Iliad and the Odyssey were both written by _______.A. VirgilB. OvidC. HesiodD. Homer( )2. Many transformation stories can be found in _________, a collection of poems written by ____.A. Metamorphosis; OvidB. Theogony, HesiodC. Persians, AeschylusD. Aeneid, Virgil( )3.The spinners of the thread of human destiny were __________.A. the MusesB. the GracesC. the FatesD. the Furies( )4.Zeus changed Io a _______ hide her from Hera.A. bearB. heiferC. snakeD. bull( )5.Leda and the Swan was supposedly painted by __________.A. Peter Paul RubensB. Gustave MoreauC. Sandro BotticelliD. Leonardo da Vinci( )6.Pandora replaced the lid of her box, with only one thing left at the bottom - _______.A. warB. famineC. hopeD. disease( )7.Arachne was a _____, who was punished by ______.A. hunter; DianaB. titan; ZeusC. weaver; MinervaD. king; Hera( )8.When we say someone has Midas’ ears, we are commenting on his ________.A. wealthB. poor judgmentC. prideD. avarice( )9.The gods who ruled the heavens, the ocean and the Underworld, respectively, were ______.A. Jupiter, Pluto and SaturnB. Jupiter, Apollo and Neptune D. Jupiter, Neptune andPluto( )10.If you throw a sop to Cerberus, you are trying to _______.A. kill someoneB. bribe someoneC. avoid being killed by someoneD. enjoy a blissful afterlife.IV. Read each literary excerpt carefully and do the following: (a) underline all the mythological allusions, and (b) explain their meanings according to the context of the excerpt. (20%)1. We feasted that evening as on nectar and ambrosia. (Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, 1847)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.There was, as I have said, a Minerva fully armed. (Marilynne Robinson, Mother Country, 1889) ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________3.Trinity College had undertaken the Sisyphean task of repairing all of its historic Front Square.(John Brady, A Stone of the Heart, 1988)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________4.Antoine and Francoise with their children, but without ever knowing why, joined the refugees for the sake of their vision of elysium and because of Don Emmanuel ’s enthusiasm. (Louis De Berni res, The War of Don Emmanuel ’s Nether Parts , 1990)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________5.It was hard to imagine H.E. sniffing after some other country woman, or being discovered mounting one of the milking girls. H.E., even when he was twenty-seven, would not have made a credible farmyard satyr. (Thomas Keneally, The Playmaker , 1987)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________V . Look at the following paintings and tell briefly the mythological stories depicted therein. (20%)1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________VI. Essay question: (A) choose ONE from the list of questions and answer the question you’ve chosen, and (B) tell what you have learned from this course. You should write at least 150 words. (20%)1.What is the significance of the story of Proserpine?2.What are the different character traits between Apollo and Bacchus?3.What is the relationship between hubris and nemesis (cite at least one mythological story as an example)?4.What aspect does the Pandora myth show about the ancient Greek society?Your question：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。
希腊罗马神话期末考试
Section1:T or FSection2:ChoiceSection3:Explain idioms•1、Pandora’s Box 灾难之盒含义:to open Pandora's box means to create evil that cannot be undone、来源:Pandora's box involves a mythological story in which the a box was given to a human who was warned never to open the box, but his curiosity made him open it resulting in a disaster、•2、The Horn of Amalthea丰饶角含义:A symbol of abundance and nourishment, commonly a large horn-shaped container overflowing with produce, flowers, nuts, other edibles, or wealth in some form、来源:One day, as Amalthea played with little Zeus, she accidentally broke off her horn、To make up for it and as a sign of gratitude, Zeus made the broken horn always be full of whatever its owner desired、•3、The Midas/Golden Touch点石成金含义:Ability to turn everything he touched into gold、if someone has the Midas touch, everything they do is successful and makes money for them来源:Midas’s job knew no bounds and as soon as he got home, he ordered the servants to set a splendid repast on the table、•4、A Procrustean Bed 强迫一致含义:When something is Procrustean, different lengths or sizes or properties are fitted to an arbitrary standard、来源: Procrustes was a rogue smith and bandit from Attica who physically attacked people by stretching them or cutting off their legs, so as to force them to fit the size of an iron bed、•5、Sow the Dragon Teeth挑起纠纷含义:The dragon's teeth, once planted, would grow into fully armed warriors、来源:In Greek myth, dragon’s teeth feature prominentl y in the legends of the Phoenician prince Cadmus and Jason's quest for the Golden Fleece、•6、Apple of Discord祸根含义: A euphemism for a small matter that could lead to a bigger dispute、来源:The Greek goddess of discord, Eris, became disgruntled after she was excluded from the wedding of Peleus and Thetis、In retaliation, she tossed a golden apple inscribed Kallisti(‘for the most beautiful one'), into the wedding party、Three goddesses claimed the apple: Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite、Paris of Troy was appointed to select the recipient、He awarded the apple to Aphrodite, thus indirectly causing the Trojan War、•7、The Heel of Achilles唯一的弱点含义:A deadly weakness in spite of overall strength, that can actually or potentially leads to downfall来源:The mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, metaphorical references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common、Thetis treated Achilles with Ambrosia, making him invulnerable、Thetis burned away his mortality in the house fire except on the heel, with which he was held、Thetis dipped the infant Achilles in the river Styx, holding onto him by his heel、•8、Penelope’s Web永远做不完的工作含义:The tactics of delaying sth on purpose; the task that can never be finished来源:Penelope is the wife of Odysseus who was called to fight in the Trojan War、She waits twenty years for the final return of her husband 、In order to put off remarriage, She has devised tricks to delay her suitors, one of which is to pretend to be weaving a burial shroud for Odysseus's elderly father Laertes and claiming that she will choose a suitor when she has finished、Every night for three years, she undoes part of the shroud, until Melantho, one of twelve unfaithful serving women, discovers her chicanery and reveals it to the suitors、•9、Between Scylla and Charybdis进退维谷含义:Being between Scylla and Charybdis is an idiom expresses the meaning of "having to choose between two evils"、来源: Scylla was rationalized as a rock shoal (described as a six-headed sea monster) on the Italian side of the strait and Charybdis was a whirlpool off the coast of Sicily、They were regarded as a sea hazard located close enough to each other that they posed an inescapable threat to passing sailors; avoiding Charybdis meant passing too close to Scylla and vice versa、According to Homer, Odysseus was forced to choose which monster to confront while passing through the strait; he opted to pass by Scylla and lose only a few sailors, rather than risk the loss of his entire ship in the whirlpool、•10、Necklace of Harmonia不祥之物含义:Necklace of Harmonia brought great misfortune to all of its wearers or owners、来源:Aphrodite bore a daughter, Harmonia, from Ares' seed、Harmonia married Cadmus, the founder of Thebes、Upon hearing of the royal engagement, Hephaestus presented Harmonia with an exquisitenecklace as a wedding gift、The necklace was made by Hephaestus' own hand and was cursed to bring disaster to any who wore it、•13、A Sisyphean Task含义:Endlessly laborious or futile来源:Sisyphus was famed as the craftiest of men、He was condemned forever to roll a huge stone up a hill in Hades only to have it roll down again on nearing the top、•15、Give a cake to Cerberus含义:bribe来源:Cerberus is a watchdog at the gates of Tartarus、He would let the souls in but not out、However he could be bribed with a honey cake on occasion or with sweet music、Section4:Explain in English the meaning of following terms、15% (5)•1、Anthropomorphism神人同形同性In Greek myth, the gods and goddesses are not only personifications of the forces of the universe, they are seen as beings much like common men and women、The te rm for this is “Anthropomorphism”, meaning “in the form of a human being、”•2、The Five Ages of Men五个时代The Golden Age; the Silver Age; the Bronze Age; the Heroic Age; the Iron Age•3、Tartarus 地狱The deeper region, where the Titans had been imprisoned(Tartarus itself formed a dismal picture, it had gates of bronze guarded by Cerberus, surrounded by fire, encased by triple wall, and within, the wailing and cries of those being punished、It is the underworld zone of eternal torment, where the greatest sinners have been punished for their wrong doing、)•4、The Elysian Field 天堂领域The paradise for the Greeks•5、The Asphodel Field 充满游魂的地方A field inhabited by wandering souls•6、Styx 冥河A river in Hades across which Charon ferried the souls of the dead、•7、Hubris 过分骄傲Overbearing pride or presumption、•8、Satyr森林之神,好色的人Satyrs are a troop of male companions of Pan and Dionysus 、In myths they are often associated with pipe-playing•9、Maenad 酒神的女祭司,异常激动的女人Often the maenads were portrayed as inspired by him into a state of ecstatic frenzy, through a combination of dancing and drunken intoxication、In this state, they would lose all self-control、•10、Narcissism 自恋Narcissus is a man who was renowned for his beauty、He was exceptionally proud, in that he disdained those who loved him、Nemesis saw this and attracted Narcissus to a pool where he saw his own reflection in the water and fell in love with it, not realizing it was merely an image、Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, Narcissus died、•11、Harpy鹰身女妖Half woman, half bird ;vicious winged monster; often depicted as a bird with the head of a woman•12、Xenia好客Xenia is the Greek concept of hospitality, or generosity and courtesy shown to those who are far from home、•13、Dionysia 酒神节(in ancient Greece) festivals of the god Dionysus, an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus•14、Aegis 羊皮盾(宙斯及其女儿雅典娜所持的帝盾)A shield hold by Athena、Under one’s aegis means doing something under the protection of a powerful, knowledgeable, or benevolent source、15、Metamorphosis 变形,变质A person or thing develops and changes into something completely different、( 变形a complete change of physical form or substance especially as by magic or witchcraft、)•16、Demigod 半人半神A less important god, especially one who is half god and half human、•17、Centaur 人首马身的动物,半人马A creature with the head, arms, and chest of a man, and the body and legs of a horse、( In classical mythology, a centaur is a creature with the head, arms, and body of a man, and the body and legs of a horse、)•18、The Deucalion FloodAphrodite's magic girdle was a golden girdle that caused men and gods to fall hopelessly in love with her、( Zeus visited Arcadia and Thessaly,and disliked the deadly wrongs of men .He decided to clear the earth of them all.Without hesitation he released the rainy south wind and called upon the heartless Poseidon to help.Soon the whole world sank in a vast ocean, and the entire human race disappeared in the unheard of flood,all but two poor Thessalians .)Section5:Essay questions 15 %( 3)•Unit 1: Examples of mythological accounts explaining the explainable、Uranus lay upon Gaia and made love to her without stop、(The interplay between rain and soil that makes plants come to life and grow、)Human Beings fashioned from clayGods and heroes descending into the Underground in the west and emerging in the East、( Sun rises in the East and sets in the West、)Persephone lived three months in the Underground with her husband and returned to live with her mother Demeter for the rest of year、(The return of spring after winter、)Eros, equipped with his sharp and blunt arrows, brings about many tragedies of human love、(Freud’s theory about love or sex as the most fundamental drive from humans、)•Unit 2: Similarities between “the first woman” i n the Greek(Pandora) and Christian creation myth(Eve)Eve was the instigator of tbe whole affair, for through her beauty and her wiles she seduced Adam to taste of the forbidden fruit、"Woman is like an apple, lovely without, rotten within、"Eve was lured by the snake、Pandora was driven by her curiosity、Their behaviors caused evil and plagues to human-beings、•Unit 3: Reasons that ancient Greeks tend to depict Zeus as a promiscuous man, an unfaithful husband?Zeus’ fatal Weaknesses: an uncontrollable lus t for sexual driveThis shows the anthropomorphism、The ancient emperors usually had many lovers, so the Greeks depict Zeus as a promiscuous man、This also shows the ancient Greeks’ imagination for a man、Reproduction is blessing、•Unit 4: Symbolic meaning of Olive Tree in the Greek story and Holy BibleWhen Poseidon and Athena disputed as to which of them should give the name to the capital of Attica, the gods decided, that it should receive its name from him who should bestow upon man the most useful gift、Poseidon then created the horse, and Athena called forth the olive tree, for which the honor was conferred on her、The olive branch in Bible appears in the story of Noah’s ark、When the water receded, a dove flied with an olive branch in its mouse、In the Greek story, Olive Tree means peace and wealth、In the Holy Bible , Olive Tree appeared after the flood ,so it represents peace、•Unit 5:•Differences between Athena and AresAres: thirst for the “hand to hand combat” and the “frenzy of battle and bloodshed”Athena: “war for the purposes of justice”, “peaceful settlements” "war at a distance", “strategic planning of war”•What are the distinctive features of Dionysus as a religious festival?The Dionysia was a large religious festival in ancient Athens in honor of Dionysus、The central event was the performance of tragedies and comedies、Dionysus was a god, mirroring the innate wildness of humanity which Athenians abhorred and tried to control、The Dionysia was a time to let out their inhibitions through highly emotional tragedies or irreverent comedies、People dressed like Satyrs and Maenads、Some men dressed as women and women as men、The Dionysia was also marked by an element of role-reversal and boundary-crossing: lower class citizens could mock the upper class; or women could insult their male relatives、•What are the Apollonian and Dionysian elements in music style and human psyche?•Unit 6•Interpretation of the Furies’, Apollo’s and Athena’s judgment on Orestes’ matricide、( See the scripts in PPT for Unit 6)Orestes is being hounded and terrorized by the Furies for the blood crime of matricide、Orestes killed his mother Clytemnestra, who murdered his father Agamemnon、(背景)Furies: holiness of motherhood, reminiscent of matriarchies; tribal laws = an eye for eyeApollo: laws of males-dominated societyAthena: representing the voice of womanhood to deny mother’s role as the creator、•In the tales of Callisto being transformed into a bear, and Acteon being transformed into a stag, what common theme does the “transformation” reveal?Ancient Greeks were sober and contemplative、They explore the mystery of human identify and human destiny、1) Transformation from human to non- human which indicates the loss of human identifies、2) Inescapable destiny of “the Hunter being hunted”•Unit 7•How do you interpret the landscape imagery in the story of Narcissus? (See PPT for session 7)Landscape imagery:"There was a clear fountain, with water like silver, to which the shepherds never drove their flocks、Nor did the mountain goats resort to it, nor any of the beasts of the forest; neither was it defaced with fallen leaves or branches; but the grass grew fresh around it, and the rocks sheltered it from the sun、His tears fell into the water and disturbed the image、The "stillness" of clear fountain suggests Narcissus' insusceptibility to the lust of the world、While his tears disturbed the image, his lust of eyes had "deflowered" him, taking away his virginity - a pure soul and a peaceful mind、•Interpretation of how Cupid (Eros) falls in love with Psyche、(See the scripts in PPT for unit 7)The erotic love (Eros) and the spiritual love (Psyche) belong together in an inseparable union、The symbol ic meaning of “the union of Cupid (Eros) and Psyche” is "animating spirit"、In Venus's garden there are two fountains: one with sweet water, the other one with bitter、Cupid fills two vases with each and then goes to Psyche's bedchamber where she is sleeping、Cupid proceeds to leta few drops from the bitter fountain water fall on her lips, then touches her side with his pointed arrow、Feeling the touch of the arrow, Psyche wakes up, opens her eyes, and seems to be gazing straight at Cupid who is invisible、This startles Cupid enough that he ends up wounding himself、Cupid immediately sets out to repair the damage he has done to Psyche, and pours a few drops of the sweet water in her hair、•Interpretation of ancient Greeks’ attitudes toward immortality in the love story of Tithonus and EosAncient Greeks against immortal youth、They thought that a man shouldn't desire in any way to vary from the kindly race of men, or pass beyond the goal of ordinance、•Unit 8&9• 1 Why is Perseus regarded as a perfect hero?Perseus was the most perfect Greek hero in myths、He was the only Greek hero who maintained supportive relationship with women throughout his career、In his pursuit of glory, he exhibited both courage and wisdom、In killing Medusa, he outwitted the monster by his shrewdness and tricks rather than mere courage and strength、He was favored by gods when he was alive and after his death, he was transformed into a constellation、• 2 What is Greeks’ conception of Hero as the story of Heracles/Jason reveals、Hercules is Greece's greatest heroes in myth, is the embodiment of strength, courage and wisdom、Jason :youthful confidence and the spirit of adventurecourage to come alone to capture a kingdomleader of a group of heroesvaliance to fight enormous evils and conquer monsterssuccess in accomplishing the impossible• 3 What is Greeks’ conception of destiny as the story of Oedipus reveals?It reflects the contradiction between human will and fate, hero of courage, integrity, kindness, courage to take responsibility、Highlight the complex relationship between necessity and contingency, the fate of the "uncertainty" and "frustrated"、Describes the fate predominates in Western myth point of view、The riddle of the Sphinx is a symbol of human self-understanding and self-discovery for the first time, began the era of human philosophy、It is also the ancient Greece formation of new moral concepts, expressing the painful memories of humanity from barbarism to civilization、•Unit 10• 1 Please interpret the bird imagery i n Odysseus’ speech树上坐着一窝小鸟,一窝嗷嗷待哺的麻雀,鸟巢筑在树端的枝桠上,叶片下,雏鸟嗦嗦发抖,一窝八只,连同生养它们的母亲,一共九只。
最新大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习(英文)
希腊罗马神话复习一．单选（课文）10分二．判断（课文）10分三．表格（默写）20分四．名词解释（课后）20分C11.delphic: It relates to Delphi.It means ambiguous.2.Olypian: It relates to Olympian Gods.It means that some one is like a god,especially by being calm and not concerned about ordinary things.3.martial: It relates to Mars.It means something connected with war and fighting.4.nemesis: It relates to Nemesis.It means a punishment that is deserved and cannot be avoided.5.titanic:I t relates to Titans.It means something big ,strong and powerful.C21.Junoesque:It relates to Juno.It means someone is elegant and beautiful like Juno.2.Argus-eyed:It relates to Argus.It means someone is watchful and alert.3.satyr/satyriasis:It relates to Satyr.It means someone that has an abnormally intense sexual desire in men.4.mercurial:It relates to Mercury.It means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning.C41.chaotic:It relates to Chaos.It means messy and disorder.2.Pandora’s box:It relates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles.3.Promethean:It relates to Prometheus.It means a person who resembles Prometheus.C61.Dionysiac:It relates to Dionysus.It means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry.C71.Midas’/ass’s ears:It relates to Midas.It means A secret that cannot be hid.It also menas someone is shallow and uninformed.2.Midas/the golden touch:It relates to Midas.It means touching a stone and turning it into gold.3.cut the Gordian knot:It relates to Alexander.It means solving a complex problem with a bold strike.C81.cereal:It relates to Ceres.It means grains.2.aureole:It relates to Aurora.It means a bright circle of light.C91.Charon’s boat/ferry:It relates to Charon.It means some one is going to die.2.cross the Styx:It means some one is going to die.C121.gain/reap/win（one’s）laurels: It relates to Daphne. It means gaining one’s honors.2.Look to one’s laurels:It relates to Daphne.It means to work hard in order not to lose the achievement.3.rest/repose/retire/sit(back)on one’s laurels: It relates to Daphne.It means to satisfy with what you have achieved and stop trying.4.a Noble/poet laureate:It relates to Daphne.It means to be a noble price winner.C131.cupidity: It relates to Cupid.It means a very strong desire for something.2.erotic:It relates to Eros.It means sexual excitement.C141.Aphrodite’s girdle:It relates to Aphrodite.It means unlimited female sexuality.2.adonis:It relates to Adonis.It means some one is a handsome young man.C161.Narcissism:It relates to Narcissus.It means the habit of always thinking about yourself and admiring yourself.C171.Pygmalion effect:It relates to Pygmalion. It is a phenomenon in which the greater the expectation placed upon people ,the better they perform.C181.atlantean:It relates to Atalanta. It means strong ,powerful and gigantic.2.Mount one’s Pegasus: It relates to Pegasus.It means to write a poem.3.a chimera in one’s brain: It relates to Perseus.It means the fantasy in one’s mind.C201.the choice of Heracles: It relates to Heracles.It means some one is in a dilemma.2.Cleanse the Augean Stable:It relates to Augeas.It means to remove something totally.3.Herculean effort:It relates to Hercules.It means great effort.C211.sow dragon’s teeth: It means to provoke war by spreading dispute;or cultivate warriors or monster.2.a Cadmean/Pyrrhic victory:It relates to Cadmus.It means a victory that comes at a great cost.C221.sphinx riddle:It relates to Sphinx.It means a puzzle which is very difficult to solve.C241.the apple of discord: It means the root of the trouble and any subject of possible of contention or disagreement.2.Achilles’heel:It relates to Achilles.It means a weak point in something that is otherwise perfect.3.hector: It relates to Hector.It means to intimidate or dominate in a blustering way.4.Achilles and Patroclus:It relates to Achilles and Patroclus.It means male friendship, a heroic friendship.5.Fight like a Trojan:It means to fight with great determination.6.Sulky like Achilles in his tent: It relates to Achilles.It means sulky.7.a Trojan horse:It means the hidden danger.8.Myrmidon: It means a faithful follower who carries out orders without question.9.Helen of Trojan:It relates to Helen.It means the root of war; a beauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by somebody or something you like best.10.Greek gift:It means a gift with evil purpose of the enemy; a gift to murder.五．简答题20分1.What did the ancient Greeks know about their world?The Greeks believed the earth to be flat and circular,their own country occupying the middle of it,the central point being either Mount Olympus,The earth is divided into two equal parts by the Sea.Around the earth flowed the River Ocean.2.To which place were mortals favored by the gods taken when they died?The Aethiopians.3.How did Zeus divide the rule of the world with his brother?Zeus’s portion was the heavens,Poseidon’s the ocean and Hades’s the realms of the dead.4.How was Venus married off to Vulcan?Jupiter gave her to Vulcan, in gratitude for the service he had rendered in forging thunderbolts.5.How did the Fates mete out human destiny?The three goddesses were assigned distinct task:Clotho spun the “thread” of human fate,Lachesis dispensed it and Atropos cut it.C21.What was Zeus’ usual way of hiding his scandals?He raised a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light and He turned the girl into an animal.2.How did the musical instrument “panpipe” come into being?Pan fell in love with A nymph called Syrinx,who was a faithful worshipper of Artemis.He chased her to the bank of river .With the water nymph’s help,Syrinx was turned into reeds.Pan was so sad and he made an instrument with the reeds,which called Syrinx.And that is the panpipe.3.How can you account for Zeus’s promiscuity?The promiscuity of Zeus serves more than entertaining purposes.It is out of political purpose.Men have a powerful ability to reproduce in order to reproduce more offspring, . For most of the people in the world flows his blood, is one of the methods can have more faithful follows.And the number of the faithful follows decide whether his regime is firm.C41.What was the direct cause of Prometheus’ obtaining fire for man?When Epimetheus created man ,he had nothing left for him.2.What attitude toward women is shown through the story of Pandora?The story shows the ancient Greeks thought women were inferior and affiliated to men,and they were the root evil and trouble.3.Which age of man applies to our own age?Please elaborate.I think we are in the Iron Age.People work day and night and man’s character is more complex,though mixed with kindness, but more evil.Human wants to rule everything.People no longer trust each other.Married people do not love each other.Vows are regarded as dust.Kindness and justice are no longer seen as the norm of conduct, but merely violence.4.How is the first woman often described as a “lovely evil”?How does she compare with Eve in the Book of Genesis?Pandora is described as a “lovely evil” because she was the most beautiful and sweetest woman,but she opened box and made many evil things free.Both Pandora and Eve are beauties.They are also described as the root of troubles to take the blame for the male society.But they were created out of different purpose.Pandora was created as the cost of Prometheus stealing the fire for man.She symbolizes a great temptation and human misery.Eve is inferior and affiliated to the man and just like a slave and she was created to help man.5.Why did Zeus try to withhold fire from human beings?Because fire is a symbol for technology and civilization.A basic distinction in myth between raw&cooked and wild&civilized.As a revenge for Prometheus'earlier theft of the finest sacrificial portions.By withholding fire,Zeus makes the division of the sacrifice impracticable.The humiliation of Ze us prompted him to take the extreme measure of withholding fire from mankind,without which m an would soon be little more than animals.C61.What led to Bacchus’ wanderings?Bacchus invented how to plant grapes and brew wine.He was wandering aroundand spread this kind of knowledge to bring people the joy of drinking.C71.How did Midas acquire the power of turning everything to gold?Because Midas rescued Bacchus’s teacher,Slilenus,and treated him hospitably,entertaininghim for ten days and nights with an unceasing round of jollity.In return,Bacchus gave him thepower of turning everything to gold.C81.What made Hades fall in love with Proserpine?As signs of womanly beauty began to shine along side her childlike innocence,the adolescent god dess Persephone unwittingly attracted the attention of the Greek god Hades.2.Why was Venus displeased with Athena,Diana,and Proserpine?Because she thought all of them looked down upon the power of her and her son.3.What prevented Proserpine’s freedom from the Underworld?Three pomegranate.4.From what aspects can the Demeter myth be interpreted?Change of seasonsC91.Where are the different ghosts conveyed in the underworld?The evil ghosts will be sent to Tartarus.The virtuous ghosts will be sent to Elysium.2.Describe the difference between Elysium and Tartarus and the situation of their respective inhabitants?Elysium ,ruled over by Cronus, lies near Hades’ dominions.It s a happy land of perpetualday,without cold or snow,where games,music,and revels never cease,and where the inhabitants may elect to be reborn on earth whenever they please.In Greek mythology ,Tartarus is a deep chasm surrounded by three heavy curtain and three bronze doors.In Roman mythology,it is a vast river of lava.It is a painful place in where the Furies live.Inhabitants in it suffer a lot.C111.How were Atalanta and her husband changed into lions?They forgot to pay due honor to Venus and the goddess was provoked attheir ingratitude.She caused them to give offence to Cybele.Cybele tookfrom them their human form and turned them into animals of charactersresembling their own.C121.what was the cause of Apollo’s love for Daphne?Cupid’s golden arrow struck Apollo’s heart.2.What did Peneus mean by “ Your face will forbid it”?He meant Daphne’s wish would not come true because of her beautiful face.C131.What did the oracle of Apollo say about Psyche’s future husband?He said her future husband awaited he on the top of the mountain and he was a monster whom neither gods nor men could resist.2.What tempted Psyche to open the box she was bringing back to Venus?A longing desire to put the beauty on her cheeks to become more beautiful.3.What is the significance of the union of Cupid and Psyche?Love itself is really a happy and painful pursuit of the process,and the process of love must be ups and downs.C141.Why did Venus advise Adonis against attacking wild animals?Because the wild animals were dangerous and she didn’t want to lose her beloved Adonis.2.What did Venus do to commemorate her ill-fated lover?She changed his blood into short-loved flowers and its blossom open when the wind blows.C151.What aspect does this story show about love?The miserable and beautiful aspect of love.C161.What incurred Juno’s anger towards Echos?Her talk that contrived to detain Juno till Zeus and the nymphs madetheir escape.2.What was Juno’s punishment for her?No power to speak first.C181.What was the cause of Perseus’s adventures?Polydectes wanted an easy access to Danae and got rid of Perseus.So he sent Perseus to kill Medusa.2.How was Medusa killed?Perseus borrowed the shield from Minerva and winged shoes from Hermes,approached Medusa while she slept. He was guided by her image reflection in the bright shield and cut off her head.C191.How did the Argonauts pass through the Clashing Rocks?They went along the passage found by the dove they sent out and passed the Clashing Rocks safely.2.What made Medea kill her own children?The fury with jealousy and the thought to punish Jason further.C201.How did Heracles demonstrate his prowess in his infancy?He strangled two snakes which Zeus’ jealous wife Hera had sent to attack him.2.3.What incident motivated the Labors of Heracles?He was told by the Delphic Oracle to serve Eurystheus for 12 years and win immortality by performing the labors the king imposed upon him.4.5.What does the last labor of Heracles symbolize?C211.What was the cause of Cadmus’ adventures?Because his sister was carried away by Zeus,and his father commandedhim to go in search of his sister.C221.How did he kill his own s father?In order to avoid killing his father and married his mother of,he escaped from the Collins,on the way,he killed his father by accident.2.What do you know about the Sphinx riddle?Sphinx riddle is often used to describe the problems which are complex,mysterious and hard to understand.C241.Who presented the apple of discord and for what purpose?Eris was angry because she had been left out of the feast. She threw among the guest the apple of discord inscribed “for the fairest” to make an issue between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite.2.Why was Paris as a baby left in the wilderness to die?Because when her mother Hecuba was pregnant, she dreamed she was giving birth to a torch from which streamed hissing serpents and it would bring unfortunate and disasters to the kingdom.3.Why were the former suitors of Helen willing to help Menelaus in the war of reclaiming his wife from Troy?Because Helen’s father Tyndareus made all the suitors swear an oath to come to the aid of her husband if she should ever be abducted.4.What’s behind the reluctance of Odysseus and Achilles to join in the expedition?Their love to their families.5.What dose the argument between Agamemnon and Achilles show about their character?It showed Agamemnon was stubborn while Achilles was honest and strong-minded.6.What brought Achilles back to the battlefield?His reconciliation with Achilles and his pride and glory.7.Why was Achilles so barbaric in his treatment of Hector’s corpse?Because he was so angry with what Hector had done.pare the values in the story with those that people hold today.Tow what extent are dignity, honor,glory,fame,and revenge still important?六．问答题20分1.Make a comparison between Dionysus and Apollo from their attributes, mottoes and spirits.2.What do you think is love ?Explain your opinion with the mythologies.(期中论文）C203.What heroic qualities dos Heracles possess?How does he differ from the other heroes like Jason and Perseus?C224.Do you believe in fate? To what degree are we in control of our own life?。
西方古典神话考试题及答案
西方古典神话考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10题）1. 希腊神话中，谁被认为是智慧和战争的女神？A. 赫拉B. 阿芙罗狄蒂C. 雅典娜D. 德墨忒尔答案：C2. 罗马神话中，火神和锻造之神是谁？A. 朱庇特B. 马尔斯C. 伏尔甘D. 尼普顿答案：C3. 在希腊神话中，谁因为偷吃了智慧果而被逐出伊甸园？A. 亚当B. 夏娃C. 普罗米修斯D. 赫尔墨斯答案：A4. 以下哪位神祇不是奥林匹斯十二主神之一？A. 阿波罗B. 阿尔忒弥斯C. 赫菲斯托斯D. 潘5. 希腊神话中，谁因为嫉妒而将普罗米修斯锁在高加索山上？A. 宙斯B. 赫拉C. 波塞冬D. 哈迪斯答案：A6. 罗马神话中，爱与美的女神是？A. 维纳斯B. 朱诺C. 密涅瓦D. 戴安娜答案：A7. 希腊神话中，谁因为偷火给人类而被惩罚？A. 普罗米修斯B. 伊卡洛斯C. 代达罗斯D. 奥菲斯答案：A8. 以下哪部作品不是荷马史诗？A. 《伊利亚特》B. 《奥德赛》C. 《埃涅阿斯纪》D. 《神谱》答案：C9. 希腊神话中，谁因为拒绝阿波罗的爱情而被变成了月桂树？B. 欧罗巴C. 勒达D. 卡珊德拉答案：A10. 罗马神话中，谁被认为是农业和丰收的女神？A. 维斯塔B. 维纳斯C. 刻瑞斯D. 普洛塞尔皮娜答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共5题）1. 希腊神话中的太阳神是________，而月亮和狩猎女神是________。
答案：赫利俄斯；阿尔忒弥斯2. 罗马神话中的冥王是________，而在希腊神话中对应的神祇是________。
答案：普路托；哈迪斯3. 希腊神话中，________是宙斯和勒达的儿子，以俊美著称。
答案：阿波罗4. 罗马神话中，________是海洋之神，而希腊神话中对应的神祇是________。
答案：尼普顿；波塞冬5. 希腊神话中，________是宙斯的使者，以速度和商业之神著称。
答案：赫尔墨斯三、简答题（每题10分，共2题）1. 简述希腊神话中特洛伊战争的起因。
读《古希腊神话故事》知识考试题及答案(含各题型)
读《古希腊神话故事》知识考试题及答案（含各题型）一、单选题1.太阳车是谁的坐骑？（）A、厄洛斯B、潘多拉C、赫利俄斯参考答案：C2.宙斯送给人类的宝盒里面是（）。
A、金子B、武器C、潘多拉参考答案：C3.古希腊“悲剧之父”是（)A、埃斯库罗斯B、欧里庇德斯C、荷马D、索福克勒斯参考答案：A4.雅典娜所说的“龙的种子”，实际上是?（）A、龙角B、龙鳞C、龙牙参考答案：C5.赫拉克勒斯驯服的那群牝马，最后被送给了()A、狩猎女神阿耳忒弥斯B、神后赫拉C、智慧女神雅典娜参考答案：B6.最终把普罗米修斯从悬崖绝壁上救下的英雄是（）A、喀戎B、宙斯C、赫拉克勒斯参考答案：C7.潘多拉是谁用泥土造成的（）。
A、厄瑞克透斯B、宙斯C、赫淮斯托斯参考答案：C8.古希腊人对特洛伊战争的起因所做的神话性解释是（）A、潘多拉的诅咒B、不和的金苹果C、诸神争当神王D、诸神争当雅典城的保护神参考答案：B9.普罗米修斯被锁在哪座山的悬崖上？（）A、高加索山B、阿尔卑斯山C、奥林匹克山参考答案：A解析：判断题10.恶鹰啄食着谁的肝脏（）。
A、赫拉克刺斯B、宙斯C、普罗米修斯参考答案：C11.卡德摩斯在寻找妹妹欧罗巴的过程中和()展开生死搏斗。
A、毒龙B、毒蛇C、老鹰D、巨人参考答案：A12.古希腊悲剧中，于无知中犯了杀父娶母罪行的英雄是（）A、伊阿宋B、俄狄浦斯D、赫克托耳参考答案：B13.太阳车是谁的坐骑？（）A、厄洛斯B、潘多拉C、赫利俄斯参考答案：C14.普罗米修斯是用什么盗取的火种()?A、火柴B、车轮C、茴香枝D、盒子参考答案：C15.第一任神王是谁？（）A、宙斯B、该亚C、乌拉诺斯参考答案：C16.下列哪位神是太阳神并且主管光明、青春、音乐神？()A、宙斯B、雅典娜D、阿波罗参考答案：D17.法厄同的父亲赫利俄斯是()。
A、冬神B、日神C、太阳神D、海神参考答案：C18.是谁创办了举世闻名的奥林匹克运动会？。
（）A、透克索斯B、坦塔罗斯C、珀罗普斯参考答案：C19.潘多拉的魔盒里唯一的一件好的赠品是什么()?A、希望B、宝石C、金币D、武器参考答案：A20.《古希腊神话》创作者古斯塔夫?施瓦布是哪个国家的人()?A、俄国C、德国D、中国参考答案：C21.宙斯为年轻的欧罗巴的美貌所吸引，他变成()把欧罗巴带走了。
第6课希腊罗马古典文化(真题训练)2
第6课希腊罗马古典文化中考真题训练一、选择题1．（2021年山东东营中考真题）希腊古代文化丰富多彩。
要了解早期希腊社会，应查阅A．《荷马史诗》B．《天方夜谭》C．《神曲》D．《哈姆雷特》【答案】A【详解】《荷马史诗》相传是由古希腊诗人荷马创作的两部长篇史诗——《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》的统称，是研究公元前11世纪到公元前9世纪的欧洲社会和迈锡尼文明的重要史料，故选A；《天方夜谭》是阿拉伯民间故事集，不符合题意，排除B；《神曲》是文艺复兴时期著名意大利诗人但丁创作的长诗，不能反映早期希腊社会，排除C；《哈姆雷特》是文艺复兴时期由英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚创作的一部悲剧作品，不符合题意，排除D。
2．（2021年泰安中考真题）希腊、罗马古典文化是人类宝贵的精神遗产。
下列属于希腊文化成就的是①《荷马史诗》②帕特农神庙③万神庙④《十二铜表法》⑤苏格拉底主张“认识你自己”A．①②⑤B．①③⑤C．③④⑤D．①②③④⑤【答案】A【详解】结合所学知识可知，《荷马史诗》是古希腊盲诗人荷马整理而成，是了解早期希腊社会的主要文献。
希腊建筑艺术主要体现在神庙。
神庙四周以廊柱环绕，柱身有粗有细。
雅典帕特农神庙是典型代表。
古希腊的哲学家苏格拉底主张“人应该认识你自己”。
故①②⑤符合题意；万神庙是罗马建筑，《十二铜表法》是罗马法制建设的第一步，是后世罗马法典乃至欧洲法学的渊源。
排除③④，BCD不符合题意。
故选A。
3．（2021年成都中考真题）古希腊雕塑成果丰硕，下面两幅图是其中的代表作品。
这些艺术杰作体现了古希腊A．共和政体趋向完善B．崇尚人体的力与美C．男女政治权利基本相同D．思想统一促进城邦发展【答案】B【详解】《掷铁饼者》取材于希腊的现实生活中的体育竞技活动，刻画的是一名强健的男子在掷铁饼过程中最具有表现力的瞬间，它是古希腊著名雕塑，它的作者是米隆．米罗的阿佛洛狄特被称为是米罗的维纳斯，是一座古希腊雕像，也是古希腊雕像中最出名的雕像之一。
希腊罗马神话检测
献） 10、《春》 波提切利 1482年。左手边的男子、三位白衣女子、中间的
女子、上方的婴儿、右三、右二、最右边的分别是？ 答案：赫尔墨斯、美惠三女神、爱神维纳斯Venus、丘比
特Cupid、花神芙罗拉、春神克罗瑞斯、风神
1、神相继创造了哪4代人？古代诗人赫西俄德称我们这个时代为？ 答案：黄金时代、白银时代、青铜时代，半神英雄；黑铁时代。 2、这四代人死后分别会成为？
答案：天空中的保护神、地面上的魔鬼、降入地下的冥府、极乐岛的居 民。
3、宙斯将残暴的阿卡迪亚国王吕卡翁变成了什么动物？ 答案：土狼
4、卡得摩斯受父王之命寻找欧罗巴，却始终找不到，他不敢回故乡， 只要请求哪位神灵赐神谕告诉他何处安身？ 答案：太阳神阿波罗
5、神谕中，卡得摩斯将跟随一头母牛，在它停下休息的地方建一座城 市，这座城市的名字叫？ 答案：底比斯
6、到达目的地，卡得摩斯命随从去古老森林里寻找活水祭拜神灵，却 遭遇了什么怪物的阻挡？ 答案：毒龙
4、宙斯决定用什么灾难铲除青铜时代的人类？ 答案：大洪水
5、丢卡利翁和妻子皮拉根据神的指引，用什么材料eus与丢卡利翁Deucalio的关系是？
答案：父子 7、这幅作品的名称与作者是？ 答案：《大洪水》 米开朗基罗 1510 8、传说维纳斯（阿佛洛狄忒）的父母是谁？ 答案：宙斯和大海女神之一狄俄涅
1、创造第一批人类的神是？ 答案：普罗米修斯Prometheus（肉 体）+雅典娜Athene（灵魂）
2、宙斯为希腊神话最高的主神，主宰一切天象，尤其是？ 答案：闪 电
希腊神话希腊神话考试卷模拟考试题.docx
希腊神话希腊神话考试卷模拟考试题.docx 《希腊神话》考试时间：120分钟考试总分：100分遵守考场纪律，维护知识尊严，杜绝违纪⾏为，确保考试结果公正。
1、hero 英雄（）2、hercules task（）3、Achilles ’heel （）4、Gordian knot（）5、Titan 泰坦（）姓名：________________ 班级：________________ 学号：________________--------------------密----------------------------------封 ----------------------------------------------线-------------------------6、Pandora潘多拉（）7、Medusa美杜莎（）8、Phaethon法厄同（）9、Muses（缪斯）（）10、Pan（潘）（）11、Titan（泰坦）（）12、Zephyrus（泽费罗斯）（）13、Atlas（）14、Ceres（）15、Cronos（）16、Eros（厄洛斯）（）17、Hygeia（）18、下列对希腊神话特点的描述不正确的⼀项是（）（）A.希腊神话中的神是⾼度⼈格化的，有着和⼈的形象和性格、喜怒哀乐等；B.希腊神话体现出浓郁的神话主义⾊彩；C.希腊神话的⽂化背景是乐观主义，充满了追求光明。
D.希腊神话既有浪漫夸张，⼜有现实描写，表现了古希腊⼈丰富的想象⼒和极⼤的创造⼒。
19、希腊神话中的英雄传说故事主要有（）（）A.赫刺克勒斯的⼗⼆⼤功B.伊阿宋取⾦⽺⽑C.珀尔修斯取美杜萨的头D.忒修斯杀死⽶诺斯⽜E.“提坦之战”20、古希腊⼈对特洛伊战争的起因所做的神话性解释是（）（）A.潘多拉的诅咒B.不和的⾦苹果C.诸神争当神王D.诸神争当雅典城的保护神21、下列哪位神是太阳神并且主管光明、青春、⾳乐神？（）（）A.宙斯B.雅典娜C.阿尔忒弥斯D.阿波罗22、希腊神话中的智慧⼥神是？（）（）A.阿芙洛狄忒B.雅典娜C.赫拉D.维纳斯23、古希腊⼈热⼼参与公众活动，关⼼国家⼤事，将国家的命运通过直接民主掌握在⾃⼰的⼿中。
古希腊罗马神话选修课考试题
古希腊罗马神话选修课考试题1.An Apple of Discord争斗之源；不和之因；祸根An Apple of Discord直译为“纠纷的苹果”，出自荷马史诗Iliad 中的希腊神话故事传说希腊阿耳戈英雄(Argonaut)珀琉斯(Peleus)和爱琴海海神涅柔斯的女儿西蒂斯(Thetis)在珀利翁山举行婚礼，大摆宴席。
他们邀请了奥林匹斯上(Olympus)的诸神参加喜筵，不知是有意还是无心，惟独没有邀请掌管争执的女神厄里斯(Eris)。
这位女神恼羞成怒，决定在这次喜筵上制造不和。
于是，她不请自来，并悄悄在筵席上放了一个金苹果，上面镌刻着“属于最美者”几个字。
天后赫拉(Hera)，智慧女神雅典娜(Athena)、爱与美之神阿芙罗狄蒂(Aphrodite)，都自以为最美，应得金苹果，获得“最美者”称号。
她们争执不下，闹到众神之父宙斯(Zeus)那里，但宙斯碍于难言之隐，不愿偏袒任何一方，就要她们去找特洛伊的王子帕里斯(Paris)评判。
三位女神为了获得金苹果，都各自私许帕里斯以某种好处：赫拉许给他以广袤国土和掌握富饶财宝的权利，雅典娜许以文武全才和胜利的荣誉，阿芙罗狄蒂则许他成为世界上最美艳女子的丈夫。
年青的帕里斯在富贵、荣誉和美女之间选择了后者，便把金苹果判给爱与美之神。
为此，赫拉和雅典娜怀恨帕里斯，连带也憎恨整个特洛伊人。
后来阿芙罗狄蒂为了履行诺言，帮助帕里斯拐走了斯巴达国王墨涅俄斯的王后---绝世美女海伦(Helen)，从而引起了历时10年的特洛伊战争。
不和女神厄里斯丢下的那个苹果，不仅成了天上3位女神之间不和的根源，而且也成为了人间2个民族之间战争的起因。
因此，在英语中产生了an apple of discord这个成语，常用来比喻any subject of disagreement and contention;the root of the trouble;dispute等意义这个成语最初为公元2世纪时的古罗马历史学家马克?朱里?尤斯丁(Marcus Juninus Justinus)所使用，后来广泛的流传到欧洲许多语言中去，成为了一个国际性成语。
希腊罗马神话试卷(双面)
I. Multiple Choice. (10 points)1.The Roman name of Aphrodite is___.A. MinervaB. VenusC. JunoD. Vulcan2. ___ did not involve in the Apple of Discord, which finally caused the Trojan War.A. MinervaB. VenusC. JunoD. Vulcan3. ___was the mother of Persephone, who is often shown carrying a sheaf of grain.A. MinervaB. VenusC. DemeterD. Artemis4. Hera was not___.A. jealousB. vindictiveC. uprightD. envious5. ___ was the mother of Helen, who came from an egg.A. IoB. LedaC. HeraD. Semele6. ___ was finally punished by Diana by changing him into a stag, who was aninvader of her privacy.A. EndymionB. OrionC. PsycheD. Actaeon7. ___ was considered a perpetual sleeper for love.A. EndymionB. OrionC. PsycheD. Actaeon8. With the help of ___, Telemachus was able to avoid the ambush by the suitors andmeet his father.A. ArtemisB. ApolloC. AthenaD. Zeus9. It was with the help of ___ that Hector killed Patroclus.A. ArtemisB. ApolloC. AthenaD. Zeus10. Of the twelve labors done by Heracules, which was not acknowledged byEurystheus?A. Nemean LionB. the Erymanthian BoarC. Cretan BullD. Augeas’ StablesII. Filling in the blanks. (10 points)1.___ was the virgin goddess of the hunt.2.After defeating Cronus, Zeus and his brothers, ___ and ___, divided up thecreation, the former of whom received the sea as his domain, and the latter got the Underworld.3.Paris gave the Apple of Discord to ___, who had promised him the world’smost beautiful woman.4.In the Trojan War, it was the Greek warrior ___ that killed Hector, and ___revenged his brother by shooting an arrow into his fatal heel.5.___ was considered the wisest Titan, while ___ was thought a stupid one.6.___, the god of wine, the Roman name of which is ___, represents not only theintoxicating power of wine, but its social and beneficent influences likewise. III. Explain the following idioms according to what you have learned in the mythology. (20 points)1.Pandora’s Box2.Herculean Efforts3.Achilles’ Heel4.Apple of DiscordIV.Answer the following questions. (40 points)1.What do you know about Prometheus in mythology? Talk about his mainexploits to man and also his affairs with gods.2.Talk about the Trojan War in mythology, including the background, the cause,turning points, the results, etc.3.According to the mythology, how do we have the “sun-flower”? And what doyou learn from the story?4.What does Echo mean and talk about her story in mythology.哈尔滨工程大学试卷1 / 25.Of the Greek heroes, Odysseus and Heracules, who do you prefer? Talk abouthis exploits and what you learn from him.。
希腊罗马神话检测
1、创造第一批人类的神是？答案：普罗米修斯Prometheus（肉体）+雅典娜Athene（灵魂）2、宙斯为希腊神话最高的主神，主宰一切天象，尤其是？答案：闪电3、宙斯答应保护人类，但没有给人类最重要的一样东西是？答案：火4、普罗米修斯在哪里巧妙的取得了这样东西？答案：太阳车5、由宙斯下令，众神合造的少女“潘多拉”，这个名字的意义为？答案：拥有一切天赋的女人6、潘多拉Pandora的盒子有各种各样的灾难，但盒子底还深藏唯一一件美好的东西是？答案：希望（飞出来前，被关在盒子里）7、以工艺著称的火神赫淮斯托斯铸造了潘多拉身体，他有两个仆人外号克拉托斯和皮亚，他们名字的意义是？答案：强力和暴力8、这两个仆人将普陀米修斯锁在哪座山的悬崖上？答案：高加索山Caucasus Mountains9、赫拉克勒斯Heracles解救了普罗米修斯，但为了不违抗父亲宙斯的规定，不得不把谁作为替身？答案：半人马喀戎Chiron（自愿奉献）10、《春》波提切利 1482年。
左手边的男子、三位白衣女子、中间的女子、上方的婴儿、右三、右二、最右边的分别是？答案：赫尔墨斯、美惠三女神、爱神维纳斯Venus、丘比特Cupid、花神芙罗拉、春神克罗瑞斯、风神1、神相继创造了哪4代人？古代诗人赫西俄德称我们这个时代为？答案：黄金时代、白银时代、青铜时代，半神英雄；黑铁时代。
2、这四代人死后分别会成为？答案：天空中的保护神、地面上的魔鬼、降入地下的冥府、极乐岛的居民。
3、宙斯将残暴的阿卡迪亚国王吕卡翁变成了什么动物？答案：土狼4、宙斯决定用什么灾难铲除青铜时代的人类？答案：大洪水5、丢卡利翁和妻子皮拉根据神的指引，用什么材料重新创造了人类？答案：石块6、普罗米修斯Prometheus与丢卡利翁Deucalio的关系是？答案：父子7、这幅作品的名称与作者是？答案：《大洪水》米开朗基罗 15108、传说维纳斯（阿佛洛狄忒）的父母是谁？答案：宙斯和大海女神之一狄俄涅1、宙斯Zeus的妻子赫拉Hera是主管____和____的女神。
神话模拟考试题及答案
神话模拟考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 希腊神话中，智慧女神是：A. 阿芙罗狄蒂B. 雅典娜C. 赫拉D. 德墨忒尔2. 中国神话中，夸父追日的故事中，夸父最终因为什么而倒下？A. 疲劳B. 饥饿C. 口渴D. 被天神惩罚3. 北欧神话中，世界之树的名字是：A. 伊格德拉希尔B. 世界树C. 奥丁D. 雷神托尔4. 印度神话中，主神之一的湿婆是：A. 创造之神B. 毁灭之神C. 保护之神D. 智慧之神5. 埃及神话中，太阳神的名字是：A. 拉B. 奥西里斯C. 阿努比斯D. 荷鲁斯6. 罗马神话中，爱与美的女神是：A. 维纳斯B. 朱诺C. 狄安娜D. 米涅瓦7. 日本神话中，创世神是：A. 阿摩提B. 伊邪那岐C. 伊邪那美D. 天照大神8. 希腊神话中，特洛伊木马的故事发生在哪个战争中？A. 特洛伊战争B. 伯罗奔尼撒战争C. 波斯战争D. 罗马战争9. 埃及神话中，死后审判的神是：A. 阿努比斯B. 奥西里斯C. 拉D. 荷鲁斯10. 中国神话中，嫦娥奔月的故事中，嫦娥最终变成了什么？A. 月亮B. 玉兔C. 仙女D. 长生不老药二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）11. 在希腊神话中，宙斯是众神之王，他的妻子是_________。
12. 中国古代的《山海经》记载了许多神话故事，其中_________是著名的怪兽。
13. 北欧神话中，最终导致世界末日的大战被称为_________。
14. 印度神话中，_________是宇宙的维持者。
15. 埃及神话中，_________是尼罗河的女神。
三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）16. 简述希腊神话中英雄赫拉克勒斯的十二项劳苦任务。
17. 描述中国神话中女娲补天的故事。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）18. 分析神话在不同文化中的作用和意义。
19. 论述神话与现代文学、艺术之间的关系。
五、案例分析题（10分）20. 以希腊神话中的伊卡洛斯的故事为例，分析其对现代人的启示。
希腊神话希腊神话考试卷模拟考试题.docx
《希腊神话》考试时间：120分钟 考试总分：100分遵守考场纪律，维护知识尊严，杜绝违纪行为，确保考试结果公正。
1、hero 英雄（ ）2、<p> hercules task</p>（ ）3、Achilles ’heel （ ）4、<p> Gordian knot</p>（ ）5、Titan 泰坦（ ）姓名：________________ 班级：________________ 学号：________________--------------------密----------------------------------封 ----------------------------------------------线-------------------------6、Pandora潘多拉（）7、Medusa美杜莎（）8、Phaethon法厄同（）9、Muses（缪斯）（）10、Pan（潘）（）11、Titan（泰坦）（）12、Zephyrus（泽费罗斯）（）13、Atlas（）14、Ceres（）15、Cronos（）16、Eros（厄洛斯）（）17、Hygeia（）18、下列对希腊神话特点的描述不正确的一项是（）（）A.希腊神话中的神是高度人格化的，有着和人的形象和性格、喜怒哀乐等；B.希腊神话体现出浓郁的神话主义色彩；C.希腊神话的文化背景是乐观主义，充满了追求光明。
D.希腊神话既有浪漫夸张，又有现实描写，表现了古希腊人丰富的想象力和极大的创造力。
19、希腊神话中的英雄传说故事主要有（）（）A.赫刺克勒斯的十二大功B.伊阿宋取金羊毛C.珀尔修斯取美杜萨的头D.忒修斯杀死米诺斯牛E.“提坦之战”20、古希腊人对特洛伊战争的起因所做的神话性解释是（）（）A.潘多拉的诅咒B.不和的金苹果C.诸神争当神王D.诸神争当雅典城的保护神21、下列哪位神是太阳神并且主管光明、青春、音乐神？（）（）A.宙斯B.雅典娜C.阿尔忒弥斯D.阿波罗22、希腊神话中的智慧女神是？（）（）A.阿芙洛狄忒B.雅典娜C.赫拉D.维纳斯23、古希腊人热心参与公众活动，关心国家大事，将国家的命运通过直接民主掌握在自己的手中。
大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习(英文)
希腊罗马神话复习一．单选（课文）10分二．判断（课文）10分三．表格（默写）20分四．名词解释（课后）20分C11.delphic: It relates to Delphi.It means ambiguous.2.Olypian: It relates to Olympian Gods.It means that some one is like agod,especially by being calm and not concerned about ordinary things.3.martial: It relates to Mars.It means something connected with war and fighting.4.nemesis: It relates to Nemesis.It means a punishment that is deserved and cannot be avoided.5.titanic:I t relates to Titans.It means something big ,strong and powerful.C21.Junoesque:It relates to Juno.It means someone is elegant and beautiful like Juno.2.Argus-eyed:It relates to Argus.It means someone is watchful and alert.3.satyr/satyriasis:It relates to Satyr.It means someone that has an abnormally intense sexual desire in men.4.mercurial:It relates to Mercury.It means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning.C41.chaotic:It relates to Chaos.It means messy and disorder.2.Pandora’s box:It relates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles.3.Promethean:It relates to Prometheus.It means a person who resembles Prometheus.C61.Dionysiac:It relates to Dionysus.It means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry.C71.Midas’/ass’s ears:It relates to Midas.It means A secret that cannot be hid.It also menas someone is shallow and uninformed.2.Midas/the golden touch:It relates to Midas.It means touching a stone and turning it into gold.3.cut the Gordian knot:It relates to Alexander.It means solving a complex problem with a bold strike.C81.cereal:It relates to Ceres.It means grains.2.aureole:It relates to Aurora.It means a bright circle of light.C91.Charon’s boat/ferry:It relates to Charon.It means some one is going to die.2.cross the Styx:It means some one is going to die.C121.gain/reap/win（one’s）laurels: It relates to Daphne. It means gaining one’s honors.2.Look to one’s laurels:It relates to Daphne.It means to work hard in order not to lose the achievement.3.rest/repose/retire/sit(back)on one’s laurels: It relates to Daphne.It means to satisfy with what you have achieved and stop trying.4.a Noble/poet laureate:It relates to Daphne.It means to be a noble price winner.C131.cupidity: It relates to Cupid.It means a very strong desire for something.2.erotic:It relates to Eros.It means sexual excitement.C141.Aphrodite’s girdle:It relates to Aphrodite.It means unlimited female sexuality.2.adonis:It relates to Adonis.It means some one is a handsome young man.C161.Narcissism:It relates to Narcissus.It means the habit of always thinking about yourself and admiring yourself.C171.Pygmalion effect:It relates to Pygmalion. It is a phenomenon in which the greater the expectation placed upon people ,the better they perform.C181.atlantean:It relates to Atalanta. It means strong ,powerful and gigantic.2.Mount one’s Pegasus: It relates to Pegasus.It means to write a poem.3.a chimera in one’s brain: It relates to Perseus.It means the fantasy in one’s mind.C201.the choice of Heracles: It relates to Heracles.It means some one is in a dilemma.2.Cleanse the Augean Stable:It relates to Augeas.It means to remove something totally.3.Herculean effort:It relates to Hercules.It means great effort.C211.sow dragon’s teeth: It means to provoke war by spreading dispute;or cultivate warriors or monster.2.a Cadmean/Pyrrhic victory:It relates to Cadmus.It means a victory that comes ata great cost.C221.sphinx riddle:It relates to Sphinx.It means a puzzle which is very difficult to solve.C241.the apple of discord: It means the root of the trouble and any subject of possible of contention or disagreement.2.Achilles’heel:It relates to Achilles.It means a weak point in something that is otherwise perfect.3.hector: It relates to Hector.It means tointimidate or dominate in a blustering way.4.Achilles and Patroclus:It relates to Achilles and Patroclus.It means male friendship, a heroic friendship.5.Fight like a Trojan:It means to fight with great determination.6.Sulky like Achilles in his tent: It relates to Achilles.It means sulky.7.a Trojan horse:It means the hidden danger.8.Myrmidon: It means a faithful follower who carries out orders without question.9.Helen of Trojan:It relates to Helen.It means the root of war; a beauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by somebody or something you like best.10.Greek gift:It means a gift with evil purpose of the enemy; a gift to murder.五．简答题 20分C11.What did the ancient Greeks know about their world?The Greeks believed the earth to be flat and circular,their own country occupying the middle of it,the central point being either Mount Olympus,The earth is divided into two equal parts by the Sea.Around the earth flowed the River Ocean.2.To which place were mortals favored by the gods taken when they died?The Aethiopians.3.How did Zeus divide the rule of the world with his brother?Zeus’s portion was the heavens,Poseidon’s the ocean and Hades’s the realms of the dead.4.How was Venus married off to Vulcan?Jupiter gave her to Vulcan, in gratitude for the service he had rendered in forging thunderbolts.5.How did the Fates mete out human destiny?The three goddesses were assigned distinct task:Clotho spun the “thread”of human fate,Lachesis dispensed it and Atropos cut it.C21.What was Zeus’ usual way of hiding his scandals?He raised a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light and He turned the girl into an animal.2.How did the musical instrument “panpipe” come into being?Pan fell in love with A nymph called Syrinx,who was a faithful worshipper of Artemis.He chased her to the bank of river .With the water nymph’s help,Syrinx was turned into reeds.Pan was so sad and he made an instrument with the reeds,which called Syrinx.And that is the panpipe.3.How can you account for Zeus’s promiscuity?The promiscuity of Zeus serves more than entertaining purposes.It is out of political purpose.Men have a powerful ability to reproduce in order to reproduce more offspring, . For most of the people in the world flows his blood, is one of the methods can have more faithful follows.And the number of the faithful follows decide whether his regime is firm.C41.What was the direct cause of Prometheus’ obtaining fire for man?When Epimetheus created man ,he had nothing left for him.2.What attitude toward women is shown through the story of Pandora?The story shows the ancient Greeks thought women were inferior and affiliated to men,and they were the root evil and trouble.3.Which age of man applies to our own age?Please elaborate.I think we are in the Iron Age.People work day and night and man’s character is more complex,though mixed with kindness, but more evil.Human wants to rule everything.People no longer trust each other.Married people do not love each other.Vows are regarded as dust.Kindness and justice are no longer seen as the norm of conduct, but merely violence.4.How is the first woman often described as a “lovely evil”?How does she compare with Eve in the Book of Genesis?Pandora is described as a “lovely evil” because she was the most beautiful and sweetest woman,but she opened box and made many evil things free.Both Pandora and Eve are beauties.They are also described as the root of troubles to take the blame for the male society.But they were created out of different purpose.Pandora was created as the cost of Prometheus stealing the fire for man.She symbolizes a great temptation and human misery.Eve is inferior and affiliated to the man and just like a slave and she was created to help man.5.Why did Zeus try to withhold fire from human beings?Because fire is a symbol for technology and civilization.A basic distinction in myth between raw & cooked and wild & civiliz ed.As a revenge for Prometheus' earlier theft of the finest sacrificial portions.By withholding fire, Zeus makes the division of the sacrifice impract icable. The humiliation of Zeus prompted him to take the extreme mea sure of withholding fire from mankind, without which man would soon be little more than animals.C61.What led to Bacchus’ wanderings?Bacchus invented how to plant grapes and brew wine. He was wandering aroundand spread this kind of knowledge to bring people the joy of drinki ng.C71.How did Midas acquire the power of turning everything to gold?Because Midas rescued Bacchus’s teacher,Slilenus, and treated him hos pitably, entertaininghim for ten days and nights with an unceasing round of jollity. In return, Bacchus gave him thepower of turning everything to gold.C81.What made Hades fall in love with Proserpine?As signs of womanly beauty began to shine along side her childlike innocence, the adolescent goddess Persephone unwittingly attracted the attention of the Greek god Hades.2.Why was Venus displeased with Athena,Diana,and Proserpine?Because she thought all of them looked down upon the power of her and her son.3.What prevented Proserpine’s freedom from the Underworld?Three pomegranate.4.From what aspects can the Demeter myth be interpreted?Change of seasonsC91.Where are the different ghosts conveyed in the underworld?The evil ghosts will be sent to Tartarus.The virtuous ghosts will be sent to Elysium.2.Describe the difference between Elysium and Tartarus and the situation of their respective inhabitants?Elysium ,ruled over by Cronus, lies near Hades’ dominions.It s a happy land of perpetual day,without cold or snow,where games,music,and revels never cease,and where the inhabitants may elect to be reborn on earth whenever they please.In Greek mythology ,Tartarus is a deep chasm surrounded by three heavy curtain and three bronze doors.In Roman mythology,it is a vast river of lava.It is a painful place in where the Furies live.Inhabitants in it suffer a lot.C111.How were Atalanta and her husband changed into lions?They forgot to pay due honor to Venus and the goddess was provoked attheir ingratitude.She caused them to give offence to Cybele.Cybele too kfrom them their human form and turned them into animals of character sresembling their own.C121.what was the cause of Apollo’s love for Daphne?Cupid’s golden arrow struck Apollo’s heart.2.What did Peneus mean by “ Your face will forbid it”?He meant Daphne’s wish would not come true because of her beautiful face.C131.What did the oracle of Apollo say about Psyche’s future husband?He said her future husband awaited he on the top of the mountain and he was a monster whom neither gods nor men could resist.2.What tempted Psyche to open the box she was bringing back to Venus?A longing desire to put the beauty on her cheeks to become more beautiful.3.What is the significance of the union of Cupid and Psyche?Love itself is really a happy and painful pursuit of the process,and the process of love must be ups and downs.C141.Why did Venus advise Adonis against attacking wild animals?Because the wild animals were dangerous and she didn’t want to lose her beloved Adonis.2.What did Venus do to commemorate her ill-fated lover?She changed his blood into short-loved flowers and its blossomopen when the wind blows.C151.What aspect does this story show about love?The miserable and beautiful aspect of love.C161.What incurred Juno’s anger towards Echos?Her talk that contrived to detain Juno till Zeus and the nymphs mad etheir escape.2.What was Juno’s punishment for her?No power to speak first.C181.What was the cause of Perseus’s adventures?Polydectes wanted an easy access to Danae and got rid of Perseus.So he sent Perseus to kill Medusa.2.How was Medusa killed?Perseus borrowed the shield from Minerva and winged shoes from Hermes,approached Medusa while she slept. He was guided by her image reflection in the bright shield and cut off her head.C191.How did the Argonauts pass through the Clashing Rocks?They went along the passage found by the dove they sent out and passed the Clashing Rocks safely.2.What made Medea kill her own children?The fury with jealousy and the thought to punish Jason further.C201.How did Heracles demonstrate his prowess in his infancy?He strangled two snakes which Zeus’ jealous wife Hera had sent to attack him.2.What incident motivated the Labors of Heracles?He was told by the Delphic Oracle to serve Eurystheus for 12 years and win immortality by performing the labors the king imposed upon him.3.What does the last labor of Heracles symbolize?C211.What was the cause of Cadmus’ adventures?Because his sister was carried away by Zeus,and his father commanded him to go in search of his sister.C221.How did he kill his own s father?In order to avoid killing his father and married his mother of, he escaped from the Collins, on the way, he killed his father by acc ident.2.What do you know about the Sphinx riddle?Sphinx riddle is often used to describe the problems which are compl ex, mysterious and hard tounderstand.C241.Who presented the apple of discord and for what purpose?Eris was angry because she had been left out of the feast. She threw among the guest the apple of discord inscribed “for the fairest” to make an issue between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite.2.Why was Paris as a baby left in the wilderness to die?Because when her mother Hecuba was pregnant, she dreamed she was giving birth toa torch from which streamed hissing serpents and it would bring unfortunate and disasters to the kingdom.3.Why were the former suitors of Helen willing to help Menelaus in the war of reclaiming his wife from Troy?Because Helen’s father Tyndareus made all the suitors swear an oath to come to the aid of her husband if she should ever be abducted.4.What’s behind the reluctance of Odysseus and Achilles to join in the expedition? Their love to their families.5.What dose the argument between Agamemnon and Achilles show about their character? It showed Agamemnon was stubborn while Achilles was honest and strong-minded.6.What brought Achilles back to the battlefield?His reconciliation with Achilles and his pride and glory.7.Why was Achilles so barbaric in his treatment of Hector’s corpse?Because he was so angry with what Hector had done.pare the values in the story with those that people hold today.Tow what extent are dignity, honor,glory,fame,and revenge still important?六．问答题 20分1.Make a comparison between Dionysus and Apollo from their attributes, mottoes and spirits.2.What do you think is love ?Explain your opinion with the mythologies.(期中论文）C203.What heroic qualities dos Heracles possess?How does he differ from the other heroes like Jason and Perseus?C224.Do you believe in fate? To what degree are we in control of our own life?（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
九年级历史上册 第6课 希腊罗马古典文化测试(含解析) 新人教版
第6课希腊罗马古典文化测试一、选择题（4分×12题=48分）1．某同学想了解早期希腊英雄奥德修斯在毁灭特洛伊城后渡海返回希腊的历险故事，他应该查阅的文学巨著是（）A．《伊索寓言》 B．《荷马史诗》C．《天方夜谭》 D．《被缚的普罗米修斯》【答案】B【解析】依据所学知识可知，《荷马史诗》是故希腊著名英雄史诗，相传是盲诗人荷马加工整理而成，包括《奥德赛》和《伊利亚特》。
《奥德赛》描写的是在特洛伊战役结束后，在乘船回乡途中遇到了许多艰难险阻，最终和家人团聚，皆大欢喜的故事，B项符合题意；A项是古希腊的寓言故事集；C项阿拉伯的民间故事集；D项描写的是普罗米修斯为人类谋幸福而不惜忍受剧烈痛苦的英雄。
由此可知ACD三项与题干“早期希腊英雄奥德修斯”信息不符。
故选B。
2．古希腊文学的主要成就足史诗、寓言和戏曲。
其中古希腊最早的一部史诗，也是目前保存的欧洲最早的文学巨著是A．《荷马史诗》B．《俄狄浦斯王》C．《被缚的普罗米修斯》D．《天方夜谭》【答案】A【解析】依据所学知识可知，《荷马史诗》是希腊最早的一部史诗，也是目前保存的欧洲最早的文学巨著是。
相传它是古希腊盲诗人荷马根据口头流传的史诗和短歌编成的长篇叙事诗，反映了公元前11—公元前9世纪希腊的社会生活面貌，是研究早期希腊社会的重要史料，A项符合题意；B项是古希腊悲剧家索福克勒斯的作品；C项是古希腊悲剧家埃斯库罗斯的作品；D项是阿拉伯的民间故事集。
由此可知BCD三项都与题干“古希腊最早的一部史诗”信息不符，不符合题意。
故选A。
3．从适用范围看，《十二铜表法》是罗马国家指定的A．适用于所有罗马人的法律B．调整国内民族关系的法律C．调整公民内部关系的法律【答案】C【解析】根据题干信息“《十二铜表法》”，结合所学知识可知，《十二铜表法》是罗马法的开端，在共和制时期创立，主要调节公民内部的法律。
因此只有选项C符合题意，故选C。
4．历史和文学是紧密联系在一起的，也是相互交融的。
第一章 古希腊罗马文学 试题库
第一章古希腊罗马文学试题库一、填空题1、希腊神话既包括神的故事，也包括半神的的传说。
2、希腊神话中俄林波斯神统的最高统治者是，他的妻子赫拉是司和生殖的女神。
3、普罗米修斯是一个为了人类文明而受到宙斯残酷迫害的英雄，被马克思称为“ ”。
4、古希腊抒情诗分为合唱琴歌、独唱琴歌，前者的代表有，后者的代表有阿拉克瑞翁和女诗人___________。
5、古希腊喜剧分为旧喜剧和新喜剧，前者的代表有，后者的代表有。
6、埃斯库罗斯被誉为古希腊的“ ”，其代表作是《普罗米修斯》三部曲中的第一部《》。
7、贺拉斯在他的文学论著《诗艺》中提出了“ ”这一原则。
8、雅典奴隶主民主制时期是希腊文学的繁荣时期，主要成就是和文艺理论。
9、古希腊的旧喜剧被称为___________，新喜剧被称为___________。
10、欧里庇得斯被称为“ ”，他擅长以妇女命运为题材，刻画她们的心理，《》是其中最著名的一部。
11、古希腊诗人赫西俄德的叙事长诗《》是关于宇宙起源和众神谱系的系统描述。
12、被称为“舞台上的哲学家”的古希腊悲剧家是____________。
13、希腊神话既包括神的故事，又包括。
14古希腊流传下来的最早一首以现实生活为主要内容的长诗是写的教诲诗《》。
15、古罗马有两部《变形记》，一部是写的希腊罗马神话的诗体总集，另一部是罗马作家___________写的小说。
16、古希腊文学共分为三个时期：第一时期是，主要文学成就是和史诗；第二时期称时期，主要文学成就是有和文艺理论等；第三时期称为，主要文学样式是。
中期的罗马文学成就最高，是罗马文学的“ ”。
17、希腊神话中反映四季变化、春荣秋枯的神话是关于司农业女神和她的女儿的故事。
关于英雄的传说有建立十二件大功的的故事和关于取金羊毛的___________的故事，希腊神话中的盗火给人类，被马克思称为“ ”。
18、古罗马喜剧家的普劳图斯的作品《》成为莎士比亚喜剧的题材来源，莫里哀也曾根据他的《一坛金子》写出了喜剧。
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A Mid-term Examination inGreek and Roman MythologyName:__________ Class:_________ Score:_________I. Match the gods/goddesses and their roles in mythology. (10%)( ) 1. Diana A. goddess of grain( ) 2. Poseidon B. goddess of hunting, the moon( ) 3. Hades C. god of the sea( ) 4. Hera D. queen of Olympus; goddess of marriageand childbirth( ) 5. Ceres E. goddess of arts and crafts and defensivewar; goddess of wisdom( ) 6. Athena F. goddess of beauty and sexual desire ( ) 7. Aphrodite G.. god of war( ) 8. Mars H. metal smith of the gods( ) 9. Hermes I. ruler of the Underworld; lord of the dead( ) 10. Hephaestus J. Zeus’messenger, guardian of travelers,merchants and thievesK. one of the Fates who determine thelength of each mortal’s lifeII. Choose a word/phrase from the following list to fill in each of the blanks with, changing their forms if necessary. (20%)1.The report presented by the scientist to the government was extremely _______ - no one could understand it.2.He was ________ by her beauty, but lacked the courage to speak to her.3.Another round of negotiations were conducted on the Middle East under the _______ of the UN.4.Seeing the ________ expression on his father’s face, the boy immediately knew what was awaiting him.5.While the president was casually chatting with his supporters, his body-guards were _______, looking for any single sign of danger.6.The scientist spent all his life researching the ____________ of his hometown.7.Showing disrespect to gods according to many cultures is to invite ______.8.The young man had about him a(n) _______ of youth and health.9. When the theater caught fire, there was a great______.10. The desk was a ______ of papers and unopened letters.III. Multiple Choice Questions (10%)( )1. The Iliad and the Odyssey were both written by _______.A. VirgilB. OvidC. HesiodD. Homer( )2. Many transformation stories can be found in _________, a collection of poems written by ____.A. Metamorphosis; OvidB. Theogony, HesiodC. Persians, AeschylusD. Aeneid, Virgil( )3.The spinners of the thread of human destiny were __________.A. the MusesB. the GracesC. the FatesD. the Furies( )4.Zeus changed Io a _______ hide her from Hera.A. bearB. heiferC. snakeD. bull( )5.Leda and the Swan was supposedly painted by __________.A. Peter Paul RubensB. Gustave MoreauC. Sandro BotticelliD. Leonardo da Vinci( )6.Pandora replaced the lid of her box, with only one thing left at the bottom - _______.A. warB. famineC. hopeD. disease( )7.Arachne was a _____, who was punished by ______.A. hunter; DianaB. titan; ZeusC. weaver; MinervaD. king; Hera( )8.When we say someone has Midas’ ears, we are commenting on his ________.A. wealthB. poor judgmentC. prideD. avarice( )9.The gods who ruled the heavens, the ocean and the Underworld, respectively, were ______.A. Jupiter, Pluto and SaturnB. Jupiter, Apollo and Neptune D. Jupiter, Neptune andPluto( )10.If you throw a sop to Cerberus, you are trying to _______.A. kill someoneB. bribe someoneC. avoid being killed by someoneD. enjoy a blissful afterlife.IV. Read each literary excerpt carefully and do the following: (a) underline all the mythological allusions, and (b) explain their meanings according to the context of the excerpt. (20%)1. We feasted that evening as on nectar and ambrosia. (Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, 1847)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.There was, as I have said, a Minerva fully armed. (Marilynne Robinson, Mother Country, 1889) ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________3.Trinity College had undertaken the Sisyphean task of repairing all of its historic Front Square.(John Brady, A Stone of the Heart, 1988)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________4.Antoine and Francoise with their children, but without ever knowing why, joined the refugees for the sake of their vision of elysium and because of Don Emmanuel’s enthusiasm. (Louis De Berni res, The War of Don Emmanuel’s Nether Parts, 1990)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 5.It was hard to imagine H.E. sniffing after some other country woman, or being discovered mounting one of the milking girls. H.E., even when he was twenty-seven, would not have made a credible farmyard satyr. (Thomas Keneally, The Playmaker, 1987)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________V. Look at the following paintings and tell briefly the mythological stories depicted therein. (20%)1._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________VI. Essay question: (A) choose ONE from the list of questions and answer the question you’ve chosen, and (B) tell what you have learned from this course. You should write at least 150 words. (20%)1.What is the significance of the story of Proserpine?2.What are the different character traits between Apollo and Bacchus?3.What is the relationship between hubris and nemesis (cite at least one mythological story as an example)?4.What aspect does the Pandora myth show about the ancient Greek society?Your question：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。