英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

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牛津译林英语八年级下册全册(Unit1-8)知识点汇总

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册(Unit1-8)知识点汇总

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册知识点汇总8B Unit11.I've just eaten it.我刷才把它吃了。

just作副词“刚刚,刚才”,通常与现在完成时连用。

Mr Wang has just left our classroom. 王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。

I've just heard the news. 我刚听到这个消息。

①just副词“正好,恰好”,常与名词、名词性短语或句子连用,起加强语气的作用。

This jacket is just my size. 这件夫克衫正合我的尺码。

②just now“刚才,刚刚”=a moment ago,常用于句末。

I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在衡上遇到了我的一个朋友。

③just then“就在那时”。

Just then,someone knocked at the front door. 就在那时,有人在前门敲门。

2.You've changed,Eddie.埃迪,你变了。

①change不及物动词“变化”,过去分词changedThe city has changed a lot since 2000. 这个城市自从2000年以来变化很大。

In England,the weather changes very often. 在英格兰,天气时常变化。

②change及物动词“交换;改变;换乘”。

Can I change seats with you? 我可以和你换一下座位吗?At last,he changed his mind. 最后,他改变了主意。

I stopped in Moscow only to change planes. 我为了转机才在莫斯科停留的。

③change可数名词“改变,变化,转变”;不可数名词“零钱”。

Great changes have taken place in this city since 1984.自从1984年以来,这个城市已发生了很大的变化。

牛津译林版八年级下册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲(全面!)

牛津译林版八年级下册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲(全面!)

牛津译林版八年级下册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲Unit1 Past and present一、同步知识梳理知识点1:past and present(P6)(1)pastn. 过去,以前;in the past 在过去adj. 过去的,以前的;in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局【例句】In the past, there was no underground in Nanjing.Let’s not make the past mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.(2)presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在;a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be present ed a present at present.知识点2:You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me.(P6) 你变了。

你以前跟我分享食物的。

(1)change: vt./vi. 改变,变更; change into变成n.变化,改变; change(s) to ...的变化【例句】Great changes to Nanjing have taken place.(2)use n.用途; 使用能力; 运用头脑(或身体)的能力;vt.用,使用; 行使,【常用短语】①used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)”批注:否定形式:didn’t use to / usedn’t to①get/be used to(doing sth. )“习惯于(做某事)【例句】He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he’s barely(几乎不) had a chance. He thinks he’ll never be used to this busy lifestyle.【拓展】useful adj. 有用的;useless adj. 无用的知识点3:I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.(P8)【例句】Beijing is in the northern part of China.批注:注意in the north与in the northern part of 的同义句转换。

Unit5单词以及语法点梳理牛津译林版八年级英语下册

Unit5单词以及语法点梳理牛津译林版八年级英语下册

dying adj. 奄奄一息的death n. 死亡The hero’s death made us very sad. 这个英雄的死亡让我们很难过。

16. explain v. 解释,说明Can you explain why you were late? 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗?【拓展】explanation n. 解释,解说,说明She told the court she would give a full explanation of the prosecution’s decision on Monday.她告诉法庭她会在星期一对原告方的决定作出全面解释。

17.against prep. 相反,反对e.g. No one is against this proposal.没有人反对这个提议。

That's against the law,那是违法的。

辨析:against 与for两者都可表示方向,下图指明了两者的区别:for against●→ ←○ ←● ○→向着(赞同)逆着(反对)e.g. The Prince is making for the open sea while the princess is against. 王子号向着大海驶去,而公主号恰好驶回。

18. go off突然作响When the fire alarm went off, we all moved to the playground.消防警铃突然作响,我们都逃到了操场上。

【拓展】★go off变质= go badI didn’t put the food in the fridge in time so it went off. 我没有及时把食物放进冰箱以致它变质了。

★go off爆炸The bomb was exploded under controlled conditions. 炸弹在受控条件下被引爆了。

牛津译林版英语八下_Units 1-3 现在完成时语法讲解和练习

牛津译林版英语八下_Units 1-3 现在完成时语法讲解和练习

8BUnit1-3现在完成时语法(完整讲解)和练习(含答案)一、现在完成时讲解8BUnit1语法1. 构成:have / has + 动词过去分词2. 意义1)过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

She has lived here since she was born.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years. (注意:动词必须为延续性动词)2)发生在过去,对现在有影响的动作。

I have lost my key, so I can’t get into my house.Who has cleaned the window? It’s really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won’t see it tonigh t.3)到目前为止,事情发生的次数。

I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?★现在完成时的不同句式:1) She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.→Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.→She hasn’t lived in Wuxi since 2002.→How long has she lived in Wuxi?2) They have been to Shanghai three times.→Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.→They haven’t been to Shanghai three times.→How many times have they been to Shanghai?3.完成时常和以下时间状语连用:1)already 已经肯定句/ 特殊疑问句yet 还,仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already.句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasn’t finished her homework yet. 句末2) ever 曾经肯定句/ 一般疑问句never 从未否定句I have ever seen the film. (肯定句)Have you ever seen this film? (一般疑问句)I have never seen the film. (否定句)3) since 自从+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间(表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态)我爸爸在这住了二十年了。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册单元重点词组,句型、语法汇总

牛津译林版八年级英语下册单元重点词组,句型、语法汇总

牛津译林版八年级英语下册单元重点词组,句型、语法汇总
- 第一单元:
- 重点词组:
- I've just eaten it. 我刚刚把它吃了。

- 重点句型:
- used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事/以前经常做某事/曾经做某事”,表示过去的习惯。

- 第二单元:
- 重点词组:
- over the years 多年来
- 重点句型:
- It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时。

- 第三单元:
- 重点词组:
- married/divorced/single 已婚的/离婚的/单身的
- 重点句型:
- 疑问词+动词不定式
- 第四单元:
- 重点词组:
- be full of 充满
- 重点句型:
- so that 以便,为了
- 第五单元:
- 重点词组:
- as a result 结果
- 重点句型:
- 现在完成时
- 第六单元:
- 重点词组:
- interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人- 重点句型:
- It is+形容词+to do sth.
- 第七单元:
- 重点词组:
- return to sp. 回到某地
- 重点句型:
- 现在完成时
- 第八单元:
- 重点词组:
- primary school 小学
- 重点句型:
- 祈使句。

牛津译林版八年级全册语法知识点总结

牛津译林版八年级全册语法知识点总结

8A语法Unit 1 Friends形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则1.规则变化:(1)一般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest )(2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest)(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest)(4)以重读闭音节结尾的形容词双写辅音字母+er, est 熟记:大(big)热(hot)天,一个穿红(red)衣浑身湿(wet)透的伤感(sad)胖(fat)子想要变得又瘦(thin)又苗条(slim)2.不规则变化(1)good(well)-better-best(2) many(much)-more-most(3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst(4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest)(5) little-less-least(6) few-fewer-fewest3.多音节的形容词比较级和最高级在词前加more , mostdelicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular注意: 1 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the 可省略2.比较级前常用a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表示程度.3.形容词比较级用来比较两者(人或事)句中常有than; 形容词最高级用来比较三者或三者以上(人或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表示比较范围.4. as+adj.+as (和------一样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------,不及------)Unit 2 School life一、比较事物的数量1.many (修饰可数名词)/much (修饰不可数名词)----more ----mostmore + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……比……数量多e.g. I have more friends than you.2.few (修饰可数名词) ----fewer----fewestlittle (修饰不可数名词)----less----leastfewer +可数名词复数+ than ……比……数量少e.g. There are fewer boys than girls in our class.less + 不可数名词+than ……比……数量少e.g. I spend less money on food than my sister.3.the fewest +可数名词复数在……中最少He has the fewest books.4.the least +不可数名词在……中最少She has the least money of us.5.the most + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词最多Daniel has the most money.二、副词的比较级和最高级(构成方法及用法与形容词基本相同)1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest loud-louder-loudest2、部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly clearly-more clearly-most clearlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully3、副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化well-better-best badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestUnit 3 A day out一、as…as的用法表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词/副词原级。

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复习

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复习

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复习牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复8B Unit1现在完成时的用法现在完成时有三种用法:1.表示过去发生的动作和现在有联系,即该动作对现在有影响。

例如:Have you had your lunch。

你吃过午饭了吗?Yes。

I have。

I've just had it。

是的,我吃了,我刚吃过。

(现在我不饿了)I have already posted those photos。

我已经邮寄了那些照片。

(那些照片现在已不在我这里了)2.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作,并且表示一段时间的状语连用,谓语动词多用延续性动词。

例如:I've known him for 3 years。

我认识他已经3年了。

They have lived here since 1996.自从1996年以来他们一直住在这里。

3.表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。

例如:XXX twice。

这部电影他已经看过两遍了。

My XXX has told me the story several times。

我爷爷已经把这个故事给我讲了好几遍。

现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成为:肯定句:主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

否定句:主语 XXX 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词+ 其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语 + have/has。

否定回答:No,主语 + XXX't。

需要注意的是,主语是第三人称单数时用has,其他人称用have。

例如:XXX has heard from his XXX。

XXX这个月已收到了他爸爸的两次来信。

We have already cleaned our classroom。

我们已经打扫了教室。

现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词包括:already,yet,ever,recently,just,before(用于句末),so far,for + 一段时间,since + 过去时间或一般过去时的句子。

牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理

牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理

八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在,目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经,永远,这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的,北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的,结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染;污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料;废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到;实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进,改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势,情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前,过去,已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的,寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时,有时,偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管,即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访;会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还,仍recently ['riːsntli]近来,最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆,运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境,条件,状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近,上一次;最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到(在)国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的;初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流,交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流,交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] (答语)正是,没错be/get used to 习惯于,适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生(有目的有计划的)、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人,并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 重要知识点梳理

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 重要知识点梳理

Unit1 Past and present1、I’ve lived here since I was born.since 可以作介词,连词意为“自从”和“既然”【用法1】与现在完成时或过去完成时连用,since可以接短语,如since 1994(自从1994年),since leaving school(自从离开学校),since也可以接句子,since I was born(自从我出生以来)【用法2】since表示“既然”,引导原因状语从句【例句】We’ve lived here since 1993.自从1993以来我们就住在这里了。

Since we are here, we should visit our teacher.既然我们在这,我们就应该去看看我们的老师。

【经典练习】She’s been off work _____ Tuesday. 星期二以来,她一直没上班【解析】since2、When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away.marry 作动词,意思是“娶、嫁”,married作形容词,意思是“已婚的”【用法1】marry sb. 娶某人,嫁给某人【用法2】be/get married to sb.和某人结婚【用法3】marry A to B 把A嫁给B【例句】He married the girl last year. 他去年娶了那个女孩。

He was married to the girl last year.Her father will marry her to the man tomorrow. 她父亲明天就要把她嫁给那位男性。

【经典练习】---When did you______ your husband?--- Two years ago.【解析】marry3、Now the government has turned part of the town center into a new park.turn 可以作动词,意为“转变”,作名词,意为“(依次轮到的)机会”【用法1】It’s one’s turn to do sth.该轮到某人做某事了【用法2】turn out 原来是,结果是;turn into变成;turn on 打开;turn off 关闭;turn up 出现;把声音调高;turn down 拒绝;把声音调低【例句】It’s your turn to do the cleaning.该轮到你打扫卫生了。

英语:牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

英语:牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

( 濡傦傦 up to now
銆 ?銆 ?渚嬪
姩欼have heard nothing from him up to now.
鍝綇洰愪嶄负愪㈡汇娌℃湁
囩栫殑囩讳綍娑堟伅銆 ?
銆?銆?愮ㄦ鐐姩 ?1) 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑鏈
幇鍦愮敤愮曞敤ㄤ曞敤ㄤ庡欢跺
?у姩璇
❒鏈鐐嶅彲鐢ㄤ彂跺堟 鎬у姩璇❒鏈鍗崇幇撴村幇鍦瀹笉寤剁鐐鏃堕姩寤佺煭鐨勫姩璇汇
鐏 宸鍝鐐鍏銆 ?
Have you joined the computer group?
?傚 姩歝ome姩実o 姩宎rrive 姩宭eave 姩宩oin 姩宐 ecome姩宒ie 汇夈? ?
銆?銆? (2) 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺父傦佷袱绉嶅彞板嬶傦
銆 ?銆 ?鈶犱富璇
紜 have / has been 姩媐or 鐭
銆 ?銆 ?鈶
t is 姩滃竴呯鎶椂撴ワ紜 since 囩庡彞
渚嬪 姩欻e has been in the League for three years.
熷 ?呯鎶椂撴 ?鐨閲姸璇 繛鐢ㄣ?〃〃熷
? 呯鎶椂撴 ? 鐨閲煭璇
湁姩歠or two years,
during the past three years, since last year, how long
汇夈?傚 姩欼have learned
English since I came here.
鑷 粠鍦戞宸鍝竴潫汇 撴鐐瀛﹁撴璇
?濡傦傦 already 姩寉et 姩宐 efore 姩
宺 ecently 汇 ?銆侀 搴嶅椂撴嶅姸璇 ?濡傦傦 never 姩宔ver 姩宱nce 汇 ?銆儏寘鎷幇鍦ㄦ
椂鍝瀹湪鍐呯殑鏃堕姩鍐呯
( 濡傦傦 this morning 姩 ?month 姩弝ear... 姩宼 oday 汇 ?杩

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 Units1-4 语法复习讲解(PPT39张)

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 Units1-4 语法复习讲解(PPT39张)

Unit 1
Gramma r教 材(P12)
present perfect tense
现在完成时
Unit 1 一、现在完成时的含义:
1. 动作、状态发生于过去或一直持续到现在。可能还会继续持续下去,或者刚刚结束。 e.g. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. I have waited here for twenty minutes.
C. before
D. already
( A ) 3. Though my grandma lives on Hainan Island________, she doesn’t feel________.
A. alone, lonely
B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone
e.g. He has been in London for a year. 他已经在伦敦待了一年了。
Unit 2 二、和for及since连用的动词:
3、表示一个动作到如今为止发生了几次。 e.g. I have already read this book three times .
Unit 1
LOGO
二、现在完成时的构成:
1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型:主语+have/has+过去分词...
e.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.
catch-caught-caught forget-forgot-forgotten read -read -read
tell -told -told
keep - kept -kept
Unit 1

英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全(UNIT1)现在完成时的重点和难点一、现在完成时的〃完成用法〃和“未完成用法〃1.现在完成时的“完成用法〃现在完成时的〃完成用法〃指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。

例如:He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况一灯现在不凫了。

)现在完成时〃完成用法〃的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already, yet, before, recently等)、频度时间状语(如: never, ever, once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month / year... , today 等)连用。

例如:Have you found your pen yet你已找到你的钢笔了吗2.现在完成时的〃未完成用法〃现在完成时的〃未完成用法〃指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。

例如:He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。

)1have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。

(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。

)此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语汕since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now, so far到目前为止)等。

例如:I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

注意:(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册全册重难点知识点汇总

牛津译林版英语八年级下册全册重难点知识点汇总

牛津译林版英语八年级下册全册知识点U11、used to do sth 过去常常做某事be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事be used to do sth被用来做某事2、I've lived here since I was born.我自出生以来就一直住在这里。

现在完成时(延续)过去式3、get married意为“结婚”get/be married to sb.意为“与某人结婚”。

married形容词,意为“已婚的,结婚的”。

拓展:get married表示动作,be married表示状态。

当表示某人结婚多久时,用be marriedWhen did you get married?你什么时候结的婚?Two years ago.两年前。

How long have you been married?你结婚多久了?For two years.两年了。

4、①put out扑灭②put up举起,搭建③put in安装5、in some ways意为“在某种程度上,在某些方面”。

by the way顺便说一下lose one's way迷路in one's way挡住某人的路on one's way to在某人去……的路上6、on one's own意为“独自;独立”,通常在句中作状语,相当于by oneself或alone 1.现在完成时的用法(跟过去和现在都有关联)(1)表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成影响,也就是说该动作和现在有联系。

(2)表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在(包括“现在”)的动作或状态,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,谓语动词多用延续性动词。

(3)表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。

2.现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词有already,yet,ever,recently,just,before(用于句末),so far,for+时间段,since+过去的时间或一般过去时的句子。

英语:牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

英语:牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

英语:牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全现在完成时的使用有两种情况:完成用法和未完成用法。

完成用法是指动作在过去某一时刻结束,但对现在产生影响,与现在情况有因果关系。

例如,他已经关掉了灯。

这种时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语、频度时间状语和包括现在时刻的时间状语连用。

未完成用法是指动作从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在或可能会继续下去。

例如,他自1978年以来一直住在这里。

这种用法句中通常需要一个表示一段时间的状语或与现在时刻相连的时间状语。

注意,未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不适用于终止性动词,如到达、离开等动词。

常见的句型有主语+have/has been+for短语和It is+一段时间+since从句。

In the morning。

I XXX。

(正)英语中,动词根据动作的持续时间和方式可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示持续性的动作,可以持续下去或产生持久的影响,如learn、work、stand、lie、know、walk、keep、have、wait、watch、sing、read、sleep、live和stay等。

终止性动词也称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能持续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束,如open、close、finish、begin、come、go、arrive、reach、get to、leave、move、borrow和buy等。

延续性动词的用法特征有两个:一是可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示“段时间”的状语连用,如for two years、during the past three years、since last year和how long等。

例如:I have learned English since I came here.(自从我来到这儿就学英语了。

)二是不能与表示短暂时间的“点时间”状语连用。

例如:It XXX.(错误)rain为延续性动词,而XXX表示“点时间”,前后矛盾。

Unit+1+Past+and+present知识点整理 牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit+1+Past+and+present知识点整理 牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit 1 Past and present 过去和现在【重点词汇】1.pass-passed-passed 过去past(1)[n.]过去①in the past在过去(2)[adj.]从前的;刚过去的①in the past few weeks近几周(3)介词[prep.](表示时间)在...之后;经过①twenty past five 5点二十(4)[adv.]经过①walk past走过2.present现在,目前at present目前,现在(1)[n.]礼物,礼品(2)[v.]赠送;颁发,授予(3)[adj.]①出席,在场(作表语或后置定语)②现存的,现在的(做前置定语)3.just [adv.]刚才(常与现在完成时连用)(1)恰好,正好相当于exactly(2)仅仅是;只是相当于only(3)just then就在那时相当于at that moment(4)just与just now区别①just常与现在完成时连用,位于实义动词之前,助动词、情态动词或系动词之后②just now常与一般过去时连用,相当于a moment ago,通常位于句末4.change(1)[v.]改变,更换①change/turn...into... 把...变成...(2)[n.]变化,变革;零钱(不可数名词)5.since[conj.]&[prep.]自……以来6.ever[adv.]曾经7.northern北方的,北部的southern western eastern8.married已婚的,结婚的(1)get married结婚(2)be married已婚(3)be/get married to sb.与某人结婚9.wife妻子-wives[pl.](1)knife-knives(2)wolf-wolves(3)thief-thieves(4)half-halves(5)leaf-leaves10.away[adv.]离开,在(某距离)处(1)go away离开(2)right away立刻(3)take away带走(4)run away逃离(5)put away收起来(6)far away远离(7)keep...away from... 使...远离...11.block街区12.pollution污染;污染物(1)[v.]pollute(2)light pollution光污染(3)air pollution空气污染(4)water pollution水污染(5)noise pollution噪声污染13.problem[n.]问题,难题(1)question与ask/answer(2)problem难以解决问题solve/work out连用14.factory工厂15.waste(1)废料;废品(不可数名词)(2)[n.]浪费,可以和冠词a连用(3)[adj.]废弃的,无用的;荒芜的(4)[v.][新义]浪费,滥用①waste sth. on sth.浪费某物在某物/事上②waste sth. (in) doing sth.浪费某物做某事16.realize[v.]意识到;实现(1)realize实现,是及物动词,被实现(2)come true实现,成为现实,是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态17.situation形势,情况18.husband丈夫19.impossible[adj.]不可能的(1)impossibly[adv.](2)possible[adj.]-possibly[adv.](3)possibility[n.]可能性20.interview采访;会见[新义]n.对……进行面试;采访21.environment环境condition环境,条件,状况22.lonely和alone(1)lonely形容词孤独的,强调人的内心感受;偏僻的。

牛津译林版八年级英语(下册)各单元知识点归纳(Units1-8)

牛津译林版八年级英语(下册)各单元知识点归纳(Units1-8)

. 8B Unit 1 短语和重点句型1. repair over/ more than ten bicycles2. teach us a lot about the history of China3. the changes in Beijing4. during/in/over the past century5. learn more about Beijing’s past and present6. hear about/of…hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter from sb.7. living conditions8. return sth. to sb.9. make communication much easier10. go/travel/study abroad11. at primary school12. keep in touch with each other13. communicate with sb.14. take place15. Many changes have taken place in my hometown. 16. travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train17. green hills all around18. a river runs through the centre of town19. get used to the changes of lifeget/be used to sth./ doing sth.20. many of Mr Chen’s friends21. on one’s own = by oneself = alone22. throw rubbishrubbish everywhere23. enjoy a comfortable life24. in some large open spaces25. move into new flats26. in their free time27. travel around the town28. on both sides of the street = on each side ofthe street29. have their own cars= have cars of their own修理超过10辆自行车教我们很多有关中国的历史的变化在过去一个多世纪里对的过去和现在了解更多听说收到某人来信居住条件把某物归还给某人使交流更方便,使得联系更容易去国外在小学互相保持联系和某人保持联系发生(有目的有计划的)(happen偶然发生) 我的家发生了许多变化。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总

牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总

牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总Oxford English 8B Unit 1: Past and PresentKey Phrases:1.In the bowl/on the plate2.Past and presentPastNoun: The time before now。

in the pastAdjective: XXX place in the past。

in the past few yearsn: Having gone by。

walk past the post officePresentAdjective: Existing or occurring now。

presentNoun: The present time。

at present。

a present for you = a gift for youVerb: Introduce。

appear。

offer。

presentXXX sentence: XXX XXX with a present at present.ed to do something。

Used to be + adjective/noun。

There used to be + nounUsed to do something: Past XXXNegative form: Used not to do something or didn't use to do somethingn form: Did someone use to do something。

or Used someone to do something?4.Be used to doing something。

Be used to something。

Get/e used to doing something/somethingNote: XXX is used to do something = Something is used for doing something (passive voice)5.Since thenSince has several meanings: (1) Since。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册全册词汇、句型、语法知识点及训练汇总

牛津译林版八年级英语下册全册词汇、句型、语法知识点及训练汇总

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present词汇、句型、语法知识点及训练知识精讲一、必背词汇past n. 过去adj.过去的present n. 现在,目前just adv. 刚才since conj. 自……以来prep.自……以来ever adv. 曾经northern adj. 北方,北部的married adj. 已婚的,结婚的wife n.(pl. wives) 妻子block n.街区over prep. 在……期间pollution n. 污染;污染物factory n. 工厂waste n. 废料;废品realize (= realise )vt.& vi.意识到;实现improve vt.&vi. 改进,改善situation n. 形势,情况impossible adj. 不可能的before adv.以前,过去lonely adj. 孤独的,寂寞的anyway adv. 尽管,即使这样husband n. 丈夫interview n. 采访;会见yet adv. 还,仍recently adv.近来,最近environment n. 环境transport n.交通车辆,运输工具condition n. 环境,条件,状况return vi. 返回last adv.最近,上一次;最后abroad adv. 到(在)国外primary adj. 小学教育的;初级的communicate vt. &vi. 交流,交际exactly adv.(答语)正是,没错narrow adj. 狭窄的二、重点词汇1. present noun /ˈprez.ənt/1). something that you are given, without asking for it, on a special occasion, especially to showfriendship, or to say thank you(尤指表示友谊或致谢的)礼物,赠品例句:They gave me theatre tickets as a present.他们送给我戏票作为礼物。

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(UNIT1)现在完成时的重点和难点一、现在完成时的完成用法和未完成用法1.现在完成时的完成用法现在完成时的完成用法指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。

例如:He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。

)现在完成时完成用法的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month /year...,today等)连用。

例如: Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?2.现在完成时的未完成用法现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。

例如:He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。

)I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。

(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。

)此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far到目前为止)等。

例如:I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

注意:(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。

如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。

(2)现在完成时常见两种句型:①主语+have / has been+for短语②It is+一段时间+ since从句例如:He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。

3、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。

如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。

如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave,move, borrow,buy等。

4、延续性动词的用法特征1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示段时间的状语连用。

表示段时间的短语有:for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。

如:I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。

2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的点时间状语连用。

如:It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词,而at eight表示点时间,前后显然矛盾。

如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作,可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。

上句可改为:It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如:-When did you get to know Jack?-Two years ago.-Then you've known each other for more than two years.-That's right.5、终止性动词的用法特征终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成,因此可用于现在完成时。

如:1.The train has arrived.火车到了。

Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗?2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂,不能持续。

因此,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。

如:(1)他死了三年了。

误:He has died for three years.正:He has been dead for three years. 正:He died three years ago.正:It is three years since he died. 正:Three years has passed since he died.(2)他来这儿五天了。

误:He has come here for five days.正:He has been here for five days. 正:He came here five days ago. 正:It is five days since he came here. 正:Five days has passed since hecame here.(1)、(2)句中的die、come为终止性动词,不能与表示段时间的状语连用。

那么,应如何正确表达呢?可以采用下面的四种方法:(1)将句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词,如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。

下面列举几例:leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die →bedead, move to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have acold。

(2)将句中表示段时间的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语,如下面两例中的第二种正确表达方式。

(3)用句型It is+段时间猫湩散?尮表达原意,如上面两例中的第三种正确表达方式。

(4)用句型时间栫獡瀠獡敳?楳据??表达原意,如上面两例中的第四种正确表达方式。

3.终止性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中,成为可以延续的状态,因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

如:He hasn't left here since 1986.I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.4.终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用,构成ot+终止性动词甫瑮汩?楴汬??的句型,意为直到......才???。

如:You can't leave here until I arrive.直到我到了,你才能离开这里。

I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.今天晚上直到我画完画,我才上床睡觉。

5.终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中,但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。

when表示的时间是点时间(从句谓语动词用终止性动词),也可以是段时间(从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。

而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程,从句谓语动词用延续性动词。

如:When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach为终止性动词) Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away为延续性动词短语)6.终止性动词完成时不可与how long连用(只限于肯定式)。

如:误:How long have you come here? 正:How long have you been here?正:When did you come here?二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。

说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情,不强调对现在产生的影响。

如:He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年参观过桂林。

(只说明去桂林的时间)2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。

不与确定的过去时间状语连用。

如:Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。

(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)两种时态的区分3.(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是助动词have /has +过去分词。

如:The film started at 7 o'clock. He has been a teacher for many years.(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

如:yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等;而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。

看看以下的几组句子,有什么区别?① Have you seen the film?(A) Did you see thefilm?(B)[说明] 你看过这部电影吗?(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解;(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过,并不强调是否知道其内容。

② How has he done it?(A) How did he do it?(B)[说明]他是怎么做的这件事?(A)句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响;(B)句单纯的询问做这件事的方式。

③ He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A)He lived in Beijing for8 years.(B)[说明]他在北京住了8年。

(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年,可能还会继续在北京住下去。

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