初三英语-并列句和复合句
中考英语语法专项复习— 并列句和复合句
中考英语语法专项复习—并列句和复合句一、并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫作并列句。
常见分类:1.表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词and,both. . . and,not only. . . but also. . .,neither. . . nor. . .,as well as等。
2.表示转折关系,常用连词but,yet(然而), however(然而), while(而)等。
3.表示选择关系,常见连词or,not. . . but(不是……而是……), either. . . or. . . (要么……要么……)等。
4.表示因果关系,常见连词because, as, for(因为), so等。
二、复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫作复合句。
从句需由关联词引导。
初中英语教材主要涉及的复合句有状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。
考点一:状语从句状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用,修饰主句中的谓语、形容词或副词。
状语从句由从属连词引导,从属连词不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
根据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为:时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。
状语从句的注意事项:1.条件状语从句和时间状语从句中的时态2.时间状语从句中not. . . until. . . (直到……才……)与before/ after引导的从句的转换。
I went to bed after I finished my homework.=I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.直到做完作业我才去睡觉。
3.结果状语从句中的特殊句式考点二:宾语从句(一)、定义在主从复合句中作宾语的句子叫作宾语从句。
(二)、宾语从句的四个考点【温馨提示】当主句谓语动词为think,suppose,guess, believe等词,主语为第一人称,从句表达否定意义时,形式上应否定主句。
中考并列句、复合句
表选择关系的并列句
or, or else, otherwise, either…or…, not…but… 用来连接表选择关系的并列句 You may say it in English, or in Chinese.
表因果关系的并列句
for, so , therefore用于连接表因果关系的并列句
(三)用if不用whether的情况:
1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时: He asked me if I hadn’t finish my homework. 2.引导条件状语从句,if意为“如果” 时: We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
四、宾语从句转化为简单句
D we have ever 3. This is the biggest lab _____ built in our school .
A. which B. what C. where D. / A 4. Is Oxygen (氧气)the only gas _____ helps fire burn? A.that B. / C. which D. it B parents are dead is called an 5.A child _____ orphan( 孤儿). A. who B. whose C. who’s D. which
3.当主句的谓语动词是order, require等时,如果主句和从句的 主语 不一致,宾语从句可转化为 “名词(代词)+不定式”结构:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
并列句复合句讲解
·
·
权
二、宾语从句的四个考点:
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威 【提醒】当主句谓语动词为think, suppose, guess, believe等 悟
解
中
读 词,主语为第一人称时,从句表达否定意义时,形式上应否 考
· 感
威 解
叫作并列句。常见分类:
悟 中
读
考
1. 表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词and, both. . .
考 点
and, not only. . . but also. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , as well as等。 语
法
· 名 师
2. 表示转折关系,常用连词but, yet(然而), however(然
点击进入相应模块
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。
◆一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子,其句式结构主要有五种:①主 + 谓。
He works in a big company. 他在一家大公司工作。
②主 + 系 + 表。
She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。
③主 + 谓 + 宾。
Ann eats junk food twice a week .安一周吃两次垃圾食品。
④主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾。
He gave me a pen .他给我一支钢笔。
⑤主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补。
He kept me waiting for two hours .他让我等了两小时。
◆二并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句同等重要,没有从属关系,是并列的关系,之间用并列连词连接。
1. 表示顺承的并列连词有and / not only …but (also)等。
如:She not only gaveus a lot of advice, butalso helped us to overcome difficulties .他不仅给了我们很多建议,而且还帮助我们克服困难。
2. 表示选择的并列连词有or,either …or …等。
如:Either you or Maria will haveto go .你或玛丽亚得去一趟。
3. 表示转折的并列连词有but,yet,however 等。
如:It is hot in summer here , butit’s not cold in winter .这里夏天热,但冬天不冷。
4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有so,如:He works hard , so he is one of the topstudents in our class .因为他学习努力,所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
中考 并列句和复合句总结
中考并列句和复合句总结一并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
1. 并列句的基本句型:简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句2. 并列句的类型:1) 并列关系(联合关系)。
连接词:and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等例句:I help him and he helps me.我帮助他,他也帮助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.我不想与他商量,他也不会征求我的意见。
2) 转折关系。
连接词:but, yet, still, while, however, when等例句:He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.他失败多次但并没有气馁。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难,然后她学习努力,进步很快。
3) 选择关系。
连接词:or, otherwise or else, either…or例句:We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。
4) 因果关系。
连接词:for, so, thus, therefore, and so例句:We had better stay at home, for it was raining.我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。
中考专题复习--并列句、复合句和连词
中考专题复习-----并列句,复合句和连词[考点分析]1 并列句的构成,常见的并列连词和从属连词2 复合句中状语从句、定语从句、宾语从句的分类、引导词及其用法[内容讲解]一并列句:用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句。
1. 构成:简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句2. 常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and,but,or,so,for。
⑴表顺延、并列关系的连词有:and, both…and, as well as, not only…but also, neither…nor 等:例句:He can speak not only English but also French.He bought me a present, and I like it very much.Work hard and you can pass the exam. = If you work hard, you can pass the exam.Think it over, and you’ll find the answer. =If you think it over, you’ll find the answer.★and连接的并列句前半部分是祈使句,后半部分是将来时的陈述句时,其含义相当于由if 引导的条件状语从句。
⑵表转折关系的连词:but, yet, while, howeverHe is rich but he is not happy.Lucy likes red while lily likes white.⑶表选择关系的连词:either…or, or否则,或者,或:Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.⑷表因果关系的连词: so所以,因此,于是; because, for, as:Kate was ill so she didn’t go to school.I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do.⑸其他的并列连词:then,when:I like English then I do my homework.二复合句1 状语从句:(详见状语从句专题讲座)①如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),则宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定:❝I remember he gave me a book yesterday.❝He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.②如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),则宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时):❝He told me that he would take part in the high jump.❝He asked me if I had taken his soap.★但宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态:❝He told me that the earth is round.❝He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him.⑵宾语从句的语序用陈述句的语序What’s Kate’s e-mail address? Do you know? =Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is?⑶宾语从句的连接词①当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导:“She was a good girl,” the teacher told us. =The teacher told us (that”) she was a good girl.★that用于下列情况时不可省略:1)当宾语从句的主语是that时:He says that that is a useful book.2)当从句前有插入语时:It says, on the card, that it is made in China.3)当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时:I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must par for it.4)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that都不可以省略:He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.⑶否定转移当主句主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式:❝I don’t think he will come with you.⑷宾语从句的简化①宾语从句的主从句主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose 等时,从句可简化为不定式结构:I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive your e-mail.②宾语从句的主从句主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+ 不定式”结构:She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.③当主句谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和句子的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+ 不定式”结构:Will you please show me how I can work it out? =Will you please show me how to work it out?④动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式(短语)来简化,但句型要适当变化。
中考英语专题并列句与复合从句知识梳理
专题并列句与三大复合句【思维导图】考查频次:并列句★★★★状语从句★★★★★宾语从句★★★★★定语从句★★★★★用法精讲一、并列句与状语从句(一)并列连词及并列句定义:由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫作并列句。
句式结构为:(二)状语从句定义:状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
类型:初中要求掌握的有以下六种:2).易错点:1. 一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,即是:“主将从现”。
常见连词:as soon as; when; until ;if ; unlessI will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话。
2. 让步状语从句中,although;though;even though ;even if 不能与but 连用;原因状语从句中,because不能与so 连用。
3. 结果状语从句中,so….. that 中so 后接形容词或副词;such…..that 中such 后接名词或名词短语;但当名词前出现“many,much,little,few”“多多少少”时,只能用so。
4. 时间状语从句中,while后的从句只能用延续性动词,when 后的从句可以用短暂性动词也可以用延续性动词。
5.从句:通常“连词+ 句子”单句短文填空1. Make up your mind, you will miss the valuable chance.Give me a chance,________ I'll give you a wonderful surprise.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look_______my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, _______it was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man,_________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.5. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _________plants can spread to new places.课后巩固练习单项选择()1. it was late, she still turned on the TV and enjoyed the programs.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.SinceD.When()2. We left late, we didn’t catch the train.A.soB.becauseC.butD.though()3.The boy is clever, , he often makes mistakes because he’s careless.A.andB.howeverC.thoughD.but()4. it was raining heavily, he came on time.A.Though;butB.Though;/C.But;thoughD.But;/()5. I went into the classroom, the students were talking about the film.A.WhileB.AfterC.WhenD.If()6. I was very thirsty, I asked for some water to drink.A.thanB.forC.soD.as()7.I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read magazines I test him myself.A.ifB.whenC.afterD.until()8.They will begin their work they get there.A.ifB.untilC.as soon asD.before()9.I don’t know if he . When he ,give my best wishes to him.A.will come;will comeB.will come;comesB. es;comes es;will come()10. the students their teacher watches the football match on TV. They like football so much.A.Not only; but alsoB.Both; andC.Either; norD.Neither; or ()11. you your brother can join us. We want one of you.A.Both;andB.Neither;norC.Either;orD.Not only;but also()12.I speak slowly you can understand me.A.soB.so thatC.asD.since()13.Be careful, you’ll fall into the river.A.orB.butC.forD.of()14.He is a lovely boy we all like to play with him.A.so;thatB.too;toC.such;thatD.much;that()15.we won’t go to play football this afternoon the rain stops.A.afterB.ifC.unlessD.when()16.He keeps on trying there is little hope.A.butB.even thoughC.becauseD.so()17.The party didn’t start all the guests arrived.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.until()18.I hate pop music very much, but my father my mother likes it.A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;norD.not only;but also()19.You should make a good plan you do anything important.A.beforeB.afterC.thoughD.until二、宾语从句与定语从句(一)宾语从句定义:用一个完整的句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句。
英语语法复习并列句和复合句
1.表示联合关系 常用and,neither...nor,not only...but(also)等连词。如: There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. 后半夜来了一场暴风雨,大雨倾盆而下。 Pip is not only a character;he also tells the story of Great Expectations. 皮普不仅是一个小说人物,他还讲述《远大前程》的故事。
Seize the chance,otherwise you will regret it. 要抓住机会,否则你会后悔的。 Neither does he smoke,nor does he drink. 他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
3.表示转折关系 多用连词but,yet,while,whereas连接两个分句,前后两 个分句在语意上为转折关系。如: I have failed,yet I shall try again. 我失败了,但我还要尝试。 He must be over sixty,whereas his wife looks about thirty. 他一定有60多岁了,而他妻子看起来大约30岁。
5.表示条件或结果 常 用 and , or 等 连 词 。 在 这 类 并 列 句 中 , and 意 为 “ ( 只 要)……就”,or意为“否则”。如: Simply raise your hand,and a taxi appears in no time. 只要你招招手,出租车就会立刻过来。
Not only does he sing well,but also he dances well.
√ 5.Neither has he changed his mind,nor will he do so.____
英语中考复习并列句和复合句
语法专项突破专题十三并列句和复合句一、并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫并列句。
常见分类:1.表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...,as well as等。
2.表示转折关系,常用连词有but,yet(然而),while(而)等。
3.表示选择关系,常见连词有or,not...but(不是……而是……),either...or...(要么……要么……)等。
4.表示因果关系,常见连词有as,for(因为),so等。
二、复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。
从句须由关联词引导。
初中英语教材主要涉及的复合句有宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
考点一宾语从句在主从复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序。
Do you know how much the house is?你知道这房子多少钱吗?I don'where,Mary says that sh e will leave China在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的是关系代词that ,which ,who (whom ,whose )和关系副词when ,where ,why 。
关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
A doctor is a_person who looks_after people's_health.医生是关心人身体健康的人。
who 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句总是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。
中考英语 语法专项复习十六 并列句和复合句课件 人教新目标版
knows a lot.虽然他是一个 孩子,但是他知道很多。
方式状 方式状语从句常由as , 语从句 as if , as though等引导
You must do the exercise as I teach you.你必须按我教你
的做这练习。
比较状 语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as等引导
①各关系代词的具体用法: that的用法: that指人或物在定语从句中主要作主语和宾语。作宾语时可 以省略。作介词的宾语时, 介词不可以提到that之前, 若提 前, 介词后需要用which或whom等代替。例如: I like apples that (which) are from Yantai. (作主语) 我喜欢来自烟台的苹果。
The book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么。 Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Nokia or Motorola cellphone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的手 机了吗?
例句
Please call me when you need some help.当你需要 帮助的时候,请给我打 电话。
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者, 事竟成。
条件状 语从句
条件状语从句是表示条件的从 句,引导这类从句的最常用的 连词是if , unless
B.从句用过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary。 C.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之 后。
专题十二 并列句和复合句-【中考英语语法复习专项突破】
专题十二并列句和复合句一对一“梳理”知识点高效复习法并列连词and, but, or, so是中考的高频考点,这些词所表示的逻辑关系要理解吃透.并列连词连接的是两个或两个以上的并列成分,如两个词、两个短语或两个分句.做题时要仔细审题,弄清题意,抓住关键词来推敲并理顺前后的逻辑关系.复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成,主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起.从句按其在复合句中的作用分为宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句.宾语从句是中考单项选择的常考点,侧重于引导词、时态、句意和语序的混合考查,考生在做宾语从句类试题时,首先应从语序着手,宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,即:主语+谓语+宾语+其他,若选项不是陈述语序,则可以直接排除.其次,从时态方面考虑,一般情况下,宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致,但是,如果有明显的时间状语,则要根据时间状语来判断时态.最后,根据语境来判断疑问词,询问内容用what;询问时间用when/what time;询问地点用where;询问原因用why;询问方式用how等.定语从句主要考查的是关系词.考生在解答定语从句类试题时,可按以下步骤解题:(1)首先根据语境分析句子结构,找出先行词.(2)然后判断先行词是指人还是指物,缩小关系词的选择范围.(3)最后把先行词还原到定语从句中,明确先行词在定语从句中所作的成分,如果从句缺少主干成分,用关系代词;如果从句不缺主干成分,用关系副词.(4)特殊情况.牢记只能用that的几种特殊情况,结合题目做出判断.对状语从句的考查主要集中在从属连词的词义辨析上.解答此类题时一定坚持“句意为先”的原则.准确地翻译句意,就能准确判断出主、从句的关系和从句的类型,选择连词也就容易多了.主句和从句的时态搭配对状语从句引导词的判定也有帮助.如:含条件状语从句的主从复合句,主、从句的时态遵循三大原则“主将从现”“主情从现”和“主祈从现”.知识突破知识点1并列句一、定义:由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫做并列句.二、并列句有四种关系:并列关系,选择关系,转折关系和因果关系一、定义:在句子中担任宾语的从句,就是宾语从句.二、用法1.宾语从句三大考点(1)动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语、宾语或表语.例如:When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet.什么时候去北京还没定下来.(作主语)I asked him when to leave Beijing.我问他什么时候离开北京.(作宾语)My question is how to get there.我的问题是如何到达那里.(作表语)(2)“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句.例如:Can you tell me where to buy a map of China? = Can you tell me where I can buy a map of China?你能告诉我在哪里能买到中国地图吗?3.否定前移当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到前面的主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式.例如:I don't think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来.I don't believe she will take part in the English evening.我认为她不会参加英语晚会.知识点3状语从句一、定义:在句中作状语成分的从句就是状语从句,它在句中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子.二、用法1.常见的状语从句(1)时间状语从句.(6)结果状语从句.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句一般有以下两种时态:(1)“主将从现”:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时.例如:I will go swimming as soon as I finish my homework.我一完成作业就去游泳.(2)“主祈/情从现”:若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词时,从句用一般现在时表示将来.如①Please let me know if he comes back.如果他回来了,请告知我.②If you feel hungry, you should eat something.如果你饿了,你该吃点东西.知识点4定语从句一、定义:在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句;被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫做关系词.二、用法1.关系代词和关系副词的用法(1)当先行词是all, none, little, much, some, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词或被其修饰时.例如:Please get everything ready that we need.请准备好我们需要的一切.(2)当先行词前面有the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时.例如:He is the only person that I want to see.他是我唯一想见的人.(3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时.例如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书.(4)当先行词既有人又有物时.例如:They talked about the people and things that they remembered in school.他们谈论着他们在学校记得的人和事.(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,为避免重复应用that.例如:Who is the person that is standing at the gate?那个站在门口的人是谁?3.关系代词中不能用that的情况(1)介词之后不能用that.例如:This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂.(2)非限制性定语从句中.例如:This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday.这是我最喜欢的钢笔,我昨天买的.(3)当先行词本身为that/those时.例如:You must find out those which may be ignored by us.你必须找到那些可能被我们忽视的东西.核心考点,各个击破考点1并列句例1(2022·河北,33题,1分) I saw a good film,________ I can't remember its name.A. soB. orC. forD. but【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:我看了一部好电影,但我记不起它的名字了.根据前后句句意可知,空前后之间为转折关系,使用连词but.答案:D针对性练习11.Study hard, ________ you will pass the exam.A. soB. orC. butD. and2.-Would you like to go to the concert with me?-I'd love to, ________ I'm afraid I have no time.A. soB. orC. andD. but3.At school, we are taught________ knowledge________ how to behave well.A. neither; norB. either; orC. not only; but alsoD. not; but考点2宾语从句例2(2021·湖北黄冈,33题,1分)-I think it's difficult to write the book report in two days. I really don't know________.-Plan your time properly, and you can make it.A. why I have to do itB. when will I finish itC. how I can do itD. if can I finish it 【解析】本题考查宾语从句.句意:我认为在两天内写完读书报告是困难的,我真的不知道我该怎么做.-合理安排你的时间,你就能做到.宾语从句要用陈述句语序,先排除B和 D.再由“I think it's difficult to write the book report in two days.”可知,题意是指不知道该怎么做.答案:C 针对性练习21. -Jack, could you tell me________ for traveling this summer?-We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.A. where your family will goB. how will your family goC. how your family will goD. where will your family go2.-Could you please tell me________?-Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it.A. where is Mount WudangB. how can I get to Wulong RiverC. what is Shennongjia famous forD. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan3. I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder________.A. where you buy the ticketsB. why you like to go thereC. if you'd like to come alongD. when you watch the match考点3状语从句例3(2021·黑龙江龙东,14题,1分)The doctors were________ busy________ they had no time to rest.A. such; thatB. so; thatC. too; to【解析】本题考查状语从句.句意:医生们太忙了,他们没时间休息.句式:such+名词或形容词修饰的名词+that意为“如此······以至于······”,可排除; so+形容词或副词+that意为“如此······以至于······”; too+形容词/副词+to+动词原形,意为“太······不能······”,句中已经有no,不可再用“too...to”的句型,故排除.答案:B针对性练习31. ________ jeans were invented over 100 years ago, they're still in fashion today.A. BecauseB. IfC. AlthoughD. Since2. Tom will call me as soon as he________ home.A. getsB. has gotC. gotD. will get3.We won't start the meeting________ our teacher arrives.A. thoughB. untilC. whileD. or考点4定语从句例4(2021·湖南怀化,28题,1分)-Do you know the woman________ wears a blue skirt?-Oh, she's my aunt.A. whichB. whoC. what【解析】本题考查定语从句.句意:-你认识那个穿蓝色短裙的女士吗?一哦,她是我姑姑.which 引导定语从句,先行词是物;who引导定语从句,先行词是人;what不能用于引导定语从句.分析句子结构可知,这里“wears a blue skirt”是定语从句,修饰先行词woman,关系代词使用who.答案:B针对性练习41.One of the most delicious drinks________ I like is orange juice.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. whom2. The English-Chinese dictionary________ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whoseB. whenC. whoD. that3. We all like the story about the teacher________ happened in our school last week.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. what答案:针对性练习1:1.D 2.D 3.C针对性练习2:1.A 2.D 3.C针对性练习3:1.C 2.A 3.B针对性练习4:1.B 2.D 3.A从模拟演练到实战操作模拟演练1.(2021·北京丰台区二模)I was very tired last night, ________ I went to bed earlier.A. butB. orC. soD. for2.(2021·广西柳州一模)The boy sitting at the corner was restless________ he should have listened to the teacher carefully.A. becauseB. whenC. if3.(2021·上海宝山区二模) ________ the students of Class 5 had failed to win the dragon boat race several times, they didn't give up.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When4.(2021·天津南开区三模)Poor Kate didn't go to school today________ she hurt her leg.A. so thatB. ifC. beforeD. because5.(2021·安徽铜陵一模)Work hard and be patient, ________ your dream won't come true.A. orB. andC. butD. so6.(2021·辽宁阜新模拟)The unforgettable experience________ we had in the summer camp makes us grow up.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. whom7.(2021·四川成都模拟)We must find out________ the professor is coming, so we can book a room for him.A. howB. whenC. why8.(2020·湖北武汉二模)I wondered________.A. which way was the wind blowingB. which one is the most convenientC. which of the house did you live inD. which school it was you went to9.(2021·天津东丽区一模)Mark is our class leader. He works hard________ he often helps others.A. andB. soC. orD. but10.(2021·重庆大渡口区二模)My family will go for a picnic this Sunday, but we haven't decided________.A. why to goB. how to doC. what to doD. where to go答案:1.C【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:昨天晚上我很累,所以我睡得很早.but但是;or或者;so因此;for因为.根据前后句意可知,此处存在因果关系,前为因后为果,故应用表因果的连词so.2.B3.C【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:虽然五班的学生几次都没能赢得龙舟比赛,但他们没有放弃.unless 除非;because因为;although虽然;when当······时.结合语境可知,句子之间表达的是转折关系,应用although引导让步状语从句.4.D【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:可怜的凯特今天没去上学,因为她伤了腿.so that为了;if 如果;before在······之前;because因为.空格前后句之间是因果关系,属于“前果后因”,应用because引导原因状语从句.5.A6.C7.B8.D9.A【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:马克是我们的班长.他努力学习,而且他经常帮助别人.and 和,而且,表并列;so因此,所以,表结果;or或者,表选择;but但是,表转折.根据“He works hard...he often helps others.”可知,他努力学习,他经常帮助别人,前后两句是并列关系,所以使用and连接.10.D真题演练1.(2022·四川成都)Mary has learned a lot about the history of Sichuan________ she can be a tour guide.A. even ifB. as soon asC. so that2.(2021·山西)Please don't hurt the little animals________ you see them on the street. They are our friends.A. soB. whenC. unless3.(2021·湖南岳阳) ________ he is 72 years old, ________ he keeps running every day.A. Although; butB. Although;/C. But;/4.(2021·云南昆明)You can't make progress in math learning________ you work harder.A. ifB. afterC. unlessD. because5.(2021·湖南株洲)The active ladies like music________ they can dance to.A. thatB. whereC. who6.(2021·四川成都)Zhang Hong, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber________ has reached the top of Qomolangma.A. whoB. whoseC. which7.(2021·天津)My cousin became a country doctor________ he finished medical school.A. afterB. so thatC. butD. so8.(2021·四川成都) ________ we continue to pull together, we'll keep winning the game.A.As long asB. Even thoughC.As soon as9.(2021·黑龙江绥化)I like smart clothes________ are made of silk.A. whoB. whichC. what10.(2021·江苏镇江)I won't believe that the little boy can read five thousand words________ I test him myself.A. afterB. whenC. ifD. until11.(2021·重庆B卷)We were lucky yesterday. The bus left________ we got on it.A. beforeB. althoughC. untilD. as soon as12.(2021·内蒙古包头)-Do you know________ he said at the party?-Go on-I'm all ears.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what13.(2021·山东滨州)In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one________ is well worth reading.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. what14.(2021·江苏南京)You need to practice speaking every day________ you hope to improve your spoken English.A. ifB. althoughC. unlessD. until15.(2021·湖北荆州)-How do you like the singing competition yesterday?-Exciting, ________ some students didn't do very well.A. soB. andC. thoughD. because16.(2021·重庆A卷)We should take the rest of the food home________ we can't finish what we order.A. ifB. soC. unlessD. until17.(2021·江苏盐城)-Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn't decide________.-Why not take the high-speed railway? It's fast and comfortable.A. who will he visitB. what he will doC. how he's goingthere D. whom is he going with18.(2021·湖北荆州)-I hear we'll have a new English teacher this term.-Really? Do you know________?A. what subject he teachesB. where he comes fromC. if he is a math teacherD. why he teaches so well 答案:1.C【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:玛丽了解了很多关于四川的历史,这样她就能当导游了.了解四川历史的目的是为了当导游,此处用so that引导目的状语从句.2.B【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:当你在街上看到小动物的时候,不要去伤害它们,它们是我们的朋友.o所以;when当·····时;unless除非.由句意可知,应选when.3.B[解析]本题考查状语从句的从属连词.句意尽管他72岁了,他仍坚持每天跑步.分析句子结构可知这是一个让步状语从句,although和but不能连用,并且but不用于句子开头.4.C【解析】本意考查连词辨析.句意:如果你不更加努力,你不会在数学学习上取得进步.■如果;after······以后;unless如果不,相当于i...not; because因为,由于.由句意和前文主句的否定形式可知用连词unless“如果不”,符合句意,用双重否定表示肯定.5.A【解析】本题考查定语从句关系词的用法.句意:那些活跃的女士们喜欢可以让她们跳舞的音乐.先行词music指物,应用that或which引导定语从句.6.A【解析】本题考查定语从句关系词的用法.句意:中国人张洪是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲盲人登山者.空后面的句子是定语从句,关系代词在从句中作主语,其先行词是指人的名词climber,故应用who.7.A【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:我表弟从医学院毕业后成为了一名乡村医生.根据句意可知,“成为一名乡村医生”与“医学院毕业”存在先后顺序,故选after.8.A【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:只要我们继续齐心协力,我们就能继续赢得比赛.as long as 只要;even though尽管;as soon as······就·····.9.B【解析】本题考查定语从句关系词的用法.句意:我喜欢用丝绸做的漂亮衣服.空格所在句是定语从句,先行词clothes表示物,关系代词应用that或which.10.D11.D【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:昨天我们很幸运,我们一上去,公交车就走了.before 在······之前;although虽然;until直到;as soon as-···就······.根据句意可知,选as soon as.12.D13.B【解析】本题考查定语从句关系词的用法.句意:在我看来,所有的书中,只有这一本非常值得一读.who和whom指代人,who充当定语从句的主语,whom 充当从句的宾语,what不是关系词,所以它不能引导定语从句;that一般指代事物,也可以指代不知性别或泛指的一类人,当定语从句的先行词被the only所修饰时,关系代词要用that.14.A【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:如果你希望提高你的英语口语,你需要每天练习说英语.if如果;although尽管;unless除非;until直到.前后是条件关系,用if.15.C【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:你觉得昨天的歌唱比赛怎么样?-尽管一些学生表演得不太好,但是比赛很令人兴奋.so因此;and并且,和;though尽管;because因为.空白处后句“一些学生表演得不太好”与前句“比赛令人兴奋”表示转折关系.16.A【解析】本题考查连词辨析.句意:如果我们吃不完所点的东西,我们应当把剩余的食物带回家.if如果;so因此;unless除非;until直到.根据句意,应选if.17.C【解析】本题考查宾语从句.句意:吉姆正在计划这个周末去上海旅行,但他仍然没有决定如何去那儿.-为什么不乘坐高铁呢?高铁又快又舒服.根据答语“为什么不乘坐高铁呢?”可知,用how引导宾语从句,表示去上海的方式.18.B【解析】本题考查宾语从句.句意:我听说我们这学期来了位新英语老师.-真的吗?你知道他来自哪儿吗?A项“他教什么学科”、C项“他是不是数学老师”与前句“英语老师”矛盾,排除A、C; D项“他为什么教得这么好”与前句“我听说我们这学期来了位新英语老师”语境不相符,排除D项.B项“他来自哪里”与前句“我听说我们这学期来了位新英语老师”语境相符.。
初中英语语法专题十一并列句和复合句
专题十一--并列句和复合句考点一并列句和并列连词并列句一、并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫作并列句。
用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫作并列句。
其构成为其构成为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
二、常见的并列连词1.表示顺承、并列、递进关系的连词及并列句and and“和”“和”“和”;both...and.;both...and.;both...and.……和……两个都……和……两个都……和……两个都,as well as ,as well as ,as well as“也“也“也, not only...but also.., not only...but also.., not only...but also..不但…而且…不但…而且…等。
如等。
如:: My father bought me a present, and like it very much.2.表示转折或对比关系的连词及并列句but but“但是”“但是”“但是”;yet ;yet 然而”然而”; while ; while ; while“而”。
如“而”。
如“而”。
如: : Lucy likes red while Lily likes white.3.表示选择关系的连词及并列句either...or..么……要么……,它连接主语时,动词与靠近它的主语在人称、数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。
or“或者”,还可以表示“否则”。
如:Study hard, or you'll fail the exam.4.表示因果关系的连词及并列句so 意为“所以,因此”,表示因果关系。
如:Kate was ill so she didn't go to school.for 意为“因为”,也表示因果关系。
如:I have to stay up late, for I have lots of homework to do.※注意and 和or 用于否定句中的区别(1)(1)当列举成分是主语当列举成分是主语当列举成分是主语,,又在否定词之前时又在否定词之前时,,用and 连接连接;;当列举成分在否定词之后时当列举成分在否定词之后时,,用or 构成完全否定。
中考英语知识点总复习课件: 并列句和复合句课件
什么叫“超前思考,比较听课”?简单地说,就是同学们在上课的时候不仅要跟着老师的思路走,还要力争走在老师思路的前面,用自己的思路和老师的思路进行对 比,从而发现不同之处,优化思维。
比如在讲《林冲棒打洪教头》一文,老师会提出一些问题,如林冲当时为什么要戴着枷锁?林冲、洪教头是什么关系?林冲为什么要棒打洪教头?••••••
其他用法
①and连接两个或两个以上的句子成分时,不构成并 列句。
eg:You, she and I are all students. 简单句
②both…and, neither…nor连接两个句子成分时, 仍属于简单句。
eg:Both he and I like English. Martin studies neither English nor Spanish.
宾语从句
6.宾语从句的简化
(1) 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的 谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等 时,从句可简化为不定式结构。 eg: I hope that I can receive your e-mail.
=I hope to receive your e-mail.
eg:Could you tell me when the train will leave?
Do you remember how he came?
主+ 谓语
+宾语
时态 语序 引导词
宾语从句
(4)介词后面的宾语从句(介宾从句) eg: Alice is sorry for what she said.
主+ 谓 + 宾语 (一个句子) He asked me if/whether Miss Gao was a teacher.
中考英语专题教案--并列句和复合句
HeaskedmewhetherItoTianjin.他问我是否去过天津。
(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。如:
Hetoldmethattheearthisround.(真理)他告诉我地球是圆的。
动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。
3.原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常用because,since,as引导。这三个词所表示的语气由because到as逐渐减弱,由why提出的问题用because来回答。如:
—Whyyoulooksotired?你怎么看上去那么累?
—Istayedupforawholenight.我一夜未眠。
专题并列句和复合句
一、并列句
用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列
句。
1.构成:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
2.常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and,but,or,so,for。
(1)and意为“和;并且”,表示顺延、并列等关系。如:
Workhard,andyoucanwintheprize.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillwintheprize.
他和汤姆一样强壮。
地点状语从句
where(……的地
方),wherever(无
论哪里)
Sitwhereveryoulike.
请随便坐。
1.时间状语从句
(1)当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句,表示将来的意义时,从句用一般现在时,简称“主将从现”。如:I’llringyouupassoonasI⑩toBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
初中英语语法专题十一 并列句和复合句
专题十一--并列句和复合句考点一并列句和并列连词并列句一、并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫作并列句。
其构成为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
二、常见的并列连词1.表示顺承、并列、递进关系的连词及并列句and“和”;both...and.……和……两个都,as well as“也, not only...but also..不但…而且…等。
如:My father bought me a present, and like it very much.2.表示转折或对比关系的连词及并列句but“但是”;yet然而”; while“而”。
如:Lucy likes red while Lily likes white.3.表示选择关系的连词及并列句either...or..么……要么……,它连接主语时,动词与靠近它的主语在人称、数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。
or“或者”,还可以表示“否则”。
如:Study hard, or you'll fail the exam.4.表示因果关系的连词及并列句so意为“所以,因此”,表示因果关系。
如:Kate was ill so she didn't go to school.for意为“因为”,也表示因果关系。
如:I have to stay up late, for I have lots of homework to do.※注意and和or用于否定句中的区别(1)当列举成分是主语,又在否定词之前时,用and连接;当列举成分在否定词之后时,用or构成完全否定。
如:Lucy and Lily can't speak Chinese.I can't sing or dance.(2)在否定句中,如果所连接的两部分都有否定词,那么用and,而不用or。
如:There is no water and no air on the moon.(3)在否定句中, without之后若有列举成分,则用and连接,构成完全否定;在肯定句中, without 之后的列举成分要用or连接才能构成完全否定。
中考英语常考知识点复习资料 并列句和复合句
专题十五并列句和复合句易错清单一、when,if引导的时间状语从句和宾语从句1. 含有when,if引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时;when引导其他时态的时间状语从句时,从句时态应与主句时态保持一致。
2. when, if引导的宾语从句,首先要保证从句的陈述语序,然后再根据主句的时态确定从句时态,使其基本与主句内容保持意义上的一致。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether, 词义为“是否”;充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”;充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。
如:I don't know when my father will come back, but I'll ask him to call you back when he comes back. 我不知道我爸爸什么时候回来,但是他回来的时候我可以让他给你回电话。
I don't know if he will come back. If he comes back, I'll tell you. 我不知道他是否会回来。
如果他回来的话,我会告诉你。
二、when, while,as的区别when, while, as引导的从句都可以使用延续性动词。
when, as都可以与终止性动词连用,而while则不能。
如:He fell asleep when(while, as) he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
when可表示瞬间、时间段,与主句所叙述的动作、事情可同时发生,也可有先后。
I will go home when he comes back.他回来时,我就回家去。
It was raining hard when we arrived.我们到达时正下着大雨。
while用于同时进行的两个延续性动词相伴随而发生,常对同类的两个动作进行比较。
初中并列句和复合句
专题八并列句和复合句一、并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
连词: and:而且;接着——表并列或顺承关系but:但是——表转折关系or:否则;或者——表否定条件或选择关系so:因此;所以——表因果关系二、宾语从句1.语序:要用陈述句语序2.引导词:a.在that引导的宾语从句中,that可以省略She told me (that) she would like to go with us.b.连接代词which, what, who或连接副词how, where, why 等可以引导宾语从句。
Could you tell me where you are?I want to know how soon it will begin.c.Whether或if主要用来引导含有疑问词意思或选择疑问意思的宾语从句。
I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.d.一般情况系啊,if 和whether可以互换使用,但在以下情况例外:1)当从句作介词的宾语时,用whether不用if。
We are talking about whether we’ll go on a picnic.2)直接与or not连用时,一般用whether三、状语从句1.时间状语从句: when/while/as, before, after, since, not..until, as soon as..2.条件状语从句:if, as long as, unless3.原因状语从句:because, since(既然), as(由于)4.目的状语从句:so that, in order that5.结果状语从句:so…that, so… that/such..that6.让步状语从句:though/although, even if, whatever, wherever, whenever7.Because和so不能连用;though/although和But不能连用四、定语从句1.Who:指人2.Whom: 指人3.Which:指物4.That:指人或物5.Whose:指人或物6.When: 表示时间7.Why:表示原因8.Where:表示地点。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
并列句和复合句1. 熟练掌握宾语从句的构成和基本用法。
2. 掌握并列句的构成和用法。
3. 掌握状语从句的构成和用法。
4. 理解定语从句的构成和基本用法。
一、知识精讲Ⅰ. 并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。
(一)并列句的构成其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。
(二)常用的并列连词1. 常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and,but,or,so,for。
词意用法and 和;并且表示顺延或并列,如果两个分句都是肯定语气,用and连接。
or 否则;或者表示选择,如果两个分句的语气为一个肯定,一个否定,则应用or连接。
but 但是表示转折,but与though / although不能同时用在一个句子中。
so 所以;因此表示结果,由so连接的并列句可转换成because引导的主从复合句,两者不能同时用在一个句子中表示“因为……所以……”。
for 因为表示原因,是对另一个分句的补充说明,但不能放在句子的开头。
2. 其他并列连词有:then,while,when,not only...but also..., neither...nor, either...or, as well as等。
Ⅱ. 复合句复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构,主句是全句的主体,从句是主句中的一部分,不能独立存在。
根据从句在全句中的不同作用,从句可分为:宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
(一)宾语从句1. 宾语从句的引导词引导词用法例句that本身无意义(口语中可省去) 当宾语从句是陈述句时I really believe (that) Tom will help us.我确实相信汤姆会帮助我们。
if/ whether...(or not) 是否当宾语从句是一般疑问句时I’m not sure if I’ll have time.我不敢肯定我是否会有时间。
what, who,where, how, when, why, which, whose, whom等当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时Please tell me when you were born.请告诉我你是何时出生的。
I’d like to know what you want best.我想知道你最想要什么东西。
注意:whether和if引导宾语从句时,一般情况下可以互换,但在下列情况下须用whether,不能用if。
(1)具有选择意义,有or或or not时。
【例句】We really don’t know whether the news is true or not.我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。
(2)在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。
【例句】We are talking about whether we’ll go back to our hometown.我们正在讨论是否回老家去。
(3)作discuss等词的宾语时。
【例句】We discussed whether we should close the shop. 我们讨论了是否应该把店关掉。
2. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,一律用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”结构。
句尾标点符号取决于主句。
【例句】Are you a student? He asks... →He asks if you are a student.他问你是否是学生。
Where does he work?Do you know?→Do you know where he works?你知道他在哪工作吗?3. 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态一致。
主句时态从句时态例句一般现在时根据实际情况而定I hear that he went to Beihai Park yesterday. 我听说他昨天去北海公园了。
一般过去时过去的某种时态He said his father would take him to Shanghai. 他说他爸爸将带他去上海。
一般过去时或其它时态客观事实或真理只用一般现在时表示My father told me that the sun rises in the east.爸爸告诉我太阳从东方升起。
状元典例1Do you know _____?A. when will he be backB. when he will be backC. where did he goD. where will he go答案:B思路分析:本题考查的是宾语从句。
宾语从句主要从语序、时态、引导词三方面来考查。
本题考查了语序,根据从句用陈述语序的要求,只有B正确,故选择B。
状元典例2Do you know ______ Guangzhou tomorrow?A. whether they leave forB. whether will they leave forC. whether they are leaving for答案:C思路分析:本题考查的是宾语从句。
此题考查的是语序和时态。
由时间状语“tomorrow”可判断用一般将来时,但B不是陈述句语序,C用现在进行时表示将来,故选择C。
(二)状语从句1. 时间状语从句(1)时态:当主句是一般将来时或祈使句或含有将来的意义时,由when,as soon as,till/until,before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。
【例句】As soon as he returns home, I’ll let you know.他一回到家,我就告诉你。
(2)引导词:由when,while,as,since,after,before,until/till,as soon as等连词引导。
①when,while与aswhen while as不同点主、从句的动作可以是同时发生,也可以是先后发生强调在某一时间内主、从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时间里发生强调主、从句的动作同时发生从句中的谓语动词既可以是瞬间动词也可以是延续性动词从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词意思均为“当……时”【例句】Father was waiting for me when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家时,爸爸正在等我。
While we were having a meeting, my sister came in to ask for me.正当我们开会时,我妹妹进来找我。
She sang happily as she walked along the lake. 她一边沿着湖边走,一边欢快地唱着歌。
②till与untiluntil till共同点意思为“直到……才”,均可用于“...until/till...”句型。
主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句和从句都用肯定形式,当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时,主句须用否定结构。
不同点可用于句型“Not until…”不可用于句型“Not until…”正式用语,可放在句首非正式用语,不可放在句首【例句】I didn’t go to bed until/till he came back at 11 o’clock last night.昨晚直到他11点回来我才睡觉。
Please wait here until I come back.请在这等我,直到我回来。
③since引导的从句,表示“自……以来”,从句中的谓语动词表示动作的起点,要用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词表示延续性动作,通常情况下使用现在完成时。
在句型“It is/has been...since+从句”中,从句用一般过去时,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
【例句】It is ten years since she joined the army.她参军已有十年了。
状元典例My father _______TV in the living room when I ______ home yesterday.A. watched; gotB. was watching; gotC. watched; was gettingD. was watching; was getting答案:B思路分析:本题考查的是时间状语从句的时态。
根据句意“昨天当我到家的时候,爸爸正在看电视。
”when引导的从句中的got为瞬间动词,不能用进行时,所以排除C、D。
主句是延续性状态,表示正在做的事情,应用过去进行时,故选择B。
2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句由if(如果),as long as(只要),unless(除非)等引导。
如果主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时,从句用一般现在时。
【例句】If it snows tomorrow, we will have a day or two off.如果明天下雪的话,我们将放假一两天。
We won’t go to his party unless he invites us.如果他不邀请我们的话,我们就不去参加他的晚会。
状元典例If you _____ your homework, you can go out to play football.A. finishB. will finishC. are finishing答案:A思路分析:本题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。
根据“如果主句是祈使句、一般将来时态或含有情态动词时,从句要用一般现在时”的原则,可知if 后面应该用一般现在时,故选择A。
3. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so,so...that..., such...that..., so that等引导。
(2)so...that...与such...that... 的区别so ...that ... so+形容词/副词+that从句so+ much/little+不可数名词+that so+ many/few+可数名词复数+thatso+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+thatsuch+ a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+thatsuch ...that ...such+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that【例句】It is so cold outside that nobody will go out to play.外面很冷,以致于没有人愿意出去玩。
He has so many books that I don’t know which one I should borrow.他有那么多书,我不知道该借哪一本。
He is such a good man that we all like him.= He is so good a man that we all like him.他是一个大好人,我们都喜欢他。