大学高级英语第一册
高级英语第一册第四课课件
Words related to "stereotype"
prejudgment, bias, generalization
Sentence structure
03 analysis and translation skills
Analysis of complex presence structures
The author of the text belongs to one of these literary schools and inherits its literary tradition and spirit Through the study of the text, learners can also understand the characteristics and influence of this literary school
Chapter structure
04 sorting and summary of the main idea
Chapter structure sorting
Introduction
The lesson begins with a brief introduction to the topic and the author's background
human nature
The author's works are often characterized by vivid descriptions,
complex plots, and profounded themes, which attract readers and
高级英语(第三版)第一册第一课 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Focus of Section 2 (para7-27) During hurricane strike
• This section narrates in detail how the group struggled and felt during the hurricane.
• Focus of the study: 1. hurricane – How was the devastating hurricane like? Specific details wind, water, etc.) 2. people – how did they act during the crisis?
• To learn how Americans fight against the hurricane
Hurricanes/ location/ naming system/ typhoon
• They are two different names for the same kind of storm -- They’re called hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean and the Eastern Pacific Ocean, and typhoons in the Western Pacific.
• (para 7) As the wind mounted to a roar. (the word ‘mount’ shows that the sound was increasing, dynamic).
• (para 8) The roar of the hurricane now was overwhelming.
• (para 19) it shot out winds of nearly 200 m. p h. (the speed of the wind)
大学英语教材《高级英语》第一册
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI．1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)Hefailed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it． (adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doing a little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。
大学高级英语第一册第10课译文及课后答案
“我反对这种说法，”达罗大声叫道。“我只是在考验你的那些愚蠢的想法，世界上没有哪个有知识的基督徒会相信你的那些想法。”
法官敲响小木槌止住了喧哗声，随即宣布休庭，次日再审。
布莱恩孤零零地站在那儿。当观众们纷纷从他身边挤过去同达罗握手时，我的心替这位昔日的英雄难过起来。
第二天中午，陪审团受命对此案进行裁决。陪审员们离席退到草坪的一角，只低声议论了九分钟，结果是判决被告有罪。我被罚款一百美元，并支付诉讼费用。
课后练习答案
I．
1)In the 1920s，when he was a teacher at a secondary school in Dayton，a little town in the mountains of Tenessee，he was charged with teaching evolution and had to be present in the court．The trial。however，rocked the world．After the trial，he studied at the University of Chicago and became a geologist for an oil company later．
我刚到戴顿中学任自然科学教员兼足球教练不久，这件案子就突然降临到我的头上。若干年来，原教旨主义者和现代主义者之间就一直在酝酿着一场冲突。原教旨主义者坚持严格按照字面意义去理解《旧约全书》，而现代主义者则接受查尔斯?达尔文的进化论——认为一切动物，包括猿和人，都是由同一个祖先进化而来的。
在田纳西州，原教旨主义势力很强，州立法机构最近还通过了一项法令，禁止公开讲授“任何否定《圣经》上宣讲的创世说的理论。”这项新法规的矛头直接指向了达尔文的进化论。有位名叫乔治?拉普利亚的工程师因反对这项法规常和当地人进行辩论。有一次辩论中，拉普利亚说，任何人要讲授生物学，就不能不讲进化论。因为我就是讲授生物学的，所以他们便把我叫去作证。
大学高级英语第一册张汉熙版第四课原文加翻译EverydayUseforyourgrandmama
Everyday Use for your grandmamaAlice WalkerI will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yester day afternoon. A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house.Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners, homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her.You've no doubt seen those TV shows where the child who has "made it" is confronted, as a surprise, by her own mother and father, tottering in weakly from backstage. (A Pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?) On TV mother and child embrace and smile into each other's face. Sometimes the mother and father weep, the child wraps them in her arms and leans across the table to tell how she would not have made it without their help. I have seen these programs.Sometimes I dream a dream in which Dee and I are suddenly brought together on a TV program of this sort. Out of a cark and soft-seated limousine I am ushered into a bright room filled with many people. There I meet a smiling, gray, sporty man like Johnny Carson who shakes my hand and tells me what a fine girl I have. Then we are on the stage and Dee is embracing me with tear s in her eyes. She pins on my dress a large orchid, even though she has told me once that she thinks or chides are tacky flowers.In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can killand clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open tire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill be-fore nightfall. But of course all this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pan-cake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Car – son has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.But that is a mistake. I know even before I wake up. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. Dee, though. She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature."How do I look, Mama?" Maggie says, showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there, almost hidden by the door."Come out into the yard," I say.Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps a dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? That is the way my Maggie walks. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground.Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure. She's a woman now, though sometimes I forget. How long ago was it that the other house burned? Ten, twelve years? Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. Her eyes seemed stretched open, blazed open by the flames reflect-ed in them. And Dee. I see her standing off under the sweet gum tree she used to dig gum out of; a look at concentration on her face as she watched the last dingy gray board of the house tall in toward the red-hot brick chimney. Why don't you do a dance around the ashes? I'd wanted to ask her. She had hated the house that much.I used to think she hated Maggie, too. But that was before we raised the money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school. She used to read to us without pity, forcing words, lies, other folks' habits, whole lives upon us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. Pressed us to her with the serious way she read, to shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand.Dee wanted nice things. A yellow organdy dress to wear to her graduation from high school; black pumps to match a green suit she'd made from an old suit somebody gave me. She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. Her eyelids would not flicker for minutes at a time. Often I fought off the temptation to shake her. At sixteen she had a style of her own' and knew what style was.I never had an education myself. After second grade the school was closed down. Don't ask me why. in 1927 colored asked fewer questions than they do now. Sometimes Maggie reads to me. She stumbles along good-naturedly but can't see well. She knows she is not bright. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by. She will marry John Thomas (who has mossy teeth in an earnest face) and then I'll be free to sit here and I guess just sing church songs to myself. Although I never was a good singer. Never could carry a tune. I was always better at a man's job. 1 used to love to milk till I was hooked in the side in '49. Cows are soothing and slow and don't bother you, unless you try to milk them the wrong way.I have deliberately turned my back on the house. It is three rooms, just like the one that burned, except the roof is tin: they don't make shingle roofs any more. There are no real windows, just some holes cut in the sides, like the portholes in a ship, but not round and not square, with rawhide holding the shutter s up on the outside. This house is in a pasture, too, like the other one. No doubt when Dee sees it she will want to tear it down. She wrote me once that no matter where we "choose" to live, she will manage to come see us. But she will never bring her friends. Maggie and I thought about this and Maggie asked me, Mama, when did Dee ever have anyfriends?"She had a few. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school. Nervous girls who never laughed. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. She read to them.When she was courting Jimmy T she didn't have much time to pay to us, but turned all her faultfinding power on him. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. She hardly had time to recompose herself.When she comes I will meet -- but there they are!Maggie attempts to make a dash for the house, in her shuffling way, but I stay her with my hand. "Come back here," I say. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.It is hard to see them clearly through the strong sun. But even the first glimpse of leg out of the car tells me it is Dee. Her feet were always neat-looking, as it God himself had shaped them with a certain style. From the other side of the car comes a short, stocky man. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. I hear Maggie suck in her breath. "Uhnnnh," is what it sounds like. Like when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your toot on the road. "Uhnnnh."Dee next. A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yel-lows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, and hanging down to her shoulders. Bracelets dangling and making noises when she moves her arm up to shake the folds of the dress out of her armpits. The dress is loose and flows, and as she walks closer, I like it. I hear Maggie go "Uhnnnh" again. It is her sister's hair. It stands straight up like the wool on a sheep. It is black as night and around the edges are two long pigtails that rope about like small lizards disappearing behind her ears."Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!" she says, coming on in that gliding way the dress makes hermove. The short stocky fellow with the hair to his navel is all grinning and he follows up with "Asalamalakim, my mother and sister!" He moves to hug Maggie but she falls back, right up against the back of my chair. I feel her trembling there and when I look up I see the perspiration falling off her chin."Don't get up," says Dee. Since I am stout it takes something of a push. You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. She turns, showing white heels through her sandals, and goes back to the car. Out she peeks next with a Polaroid. She stoops down quickly and lines up picture after picture of me sitting there in front of the house with Maggie cowering behind me. She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. Then she puts the Polaroid in the back seat of the car, and comes up and kisses me on the forehead.Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie's hand. Maggie's hand is as limp as a fish, and probably as cold, despite the sweat, and she keeps trying to pull it back. It looks like Asalamalakim wants to shake hands but wants to do it fancy. Or maybe he don't know how people shake hands. Anyhow, he soon gives up on Maggie."Well," I say. "Dee.""No, Mama," she says. "Not 'Dee', Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo!""What happened to 'Dee'?" I wanted to know."She's dead," Wangero said. "I couldn't bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me.""You know as well as me you was named after your aunt Dicle," I said. Dicie is my sister. She named Dee. We called her "Big Dee" after Dee was born."But who was she named after?" asked Wangero."I guess after Grandma Dee," I said."And who was she named after?" asked Wangero."Her mother," I said, and saw Wangero was getting tired. "That's about as far back as I can trace it," I said.Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil Warthrough the branches."Well," said Asalamalakim, "there you are.""Uhnnnh," I heard Maggie say."There I was not," I said, before 'Dicie' cropped up in our family, so why should I try to trace it that far back?"He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head."How do you pronounce this name?" I asked."You don't have to call me by it if you don't want to," said Wangero."Why shouldn't I?" I asked. "If that's what you want us to call you, we'll call you. ""I know it might sound awkward at first," said Wangero."I'll get used to it," I said. "Ream it out again."Well, soon we got the name out of the way. Asalamalakim had a name twice as long and three times as hard. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber. I wanted to ask him was he a barber, but I didn't really think he was, so I don't ask."You must belong to those beet-cattle peoples down the road," I said. They said "Asalamalakirn" when they met you too, but they didn't Shake hands. Always too busy feeding the cattle, fixing the fences, putting up salt-lick shelters, throwing down hay. When the white folks poisoned some of the herd the men stayed up all night with rifles in their hands. I walked a mile and a half just to see the sight.Hakim-a-barber said, "I accept some of their doctrines, but farming and raising cattle is not my style." (They didn't tell me, and I didn't ask, whether Wangero (Dee) had really gone and married him.)We sat down to eat and right away he said he didn't eat collards and pork was unclean. Wangero, though, went on through the chitlins and corn bread, the greens and every-thing else. She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes. Everything delighted her. Even the fact that we still used the benches her daddy made for the table when we couldn't afford to buy chairs."Oh, Mama!" she cried. Then turned to Hakim-a-barber. "I never knew how lovely these benches are. You can feel the rump prints," she said, running her hands underneath her and along the bench. Then she gave a sigh and her hand closed over Grandma Dee's butter dish. "That's it!" she said. "I knew there was something I wanted to ask you if I could have." She jumped up from the table and went over in the corner where the churn stood, the milk in it clabber by now. She looked at the churn and looked at it."This churn top is what I need," she said. "Didn't Uncle Buddy whittle it out of a tree you all used to have?""Yes," I said."Uh huh, " she said happily. "And I want the dasher,too.""Uncle Buddy whittle that, too?" asked the barber.Dee (Wangero) looked up at me."Aunt Dee's first husband whittled the dash," said Maggie so low you almost couldn't hear her. "His name was Henry, but they called him Stash.""Maggie's brain is like an elephants," Wanglero said, laughing. "I can use the churn top as a center piece for the alcove table,”she said, sliding a plate over the churn, "and I'll think of something artistic to do with the dasher."When she finished wrapping the dasher the handle stuck out. I took it for a moment in my hands. You didn't even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. It was beautiful light yellow wood, from a tree that grew in the yard where Big Dee and Stash had lived.After dinner Dee (Wangero) went to the trunk at the foot of my bed and started rifling through it. Maggie hung back in the kitchen over the dishpan. Out came Wangero with two quilts. They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and me had hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. One was in the Lone Star pattern. The other was Walk Around the Mountain. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had worn fifty and more years ago. Bit sand pieces of GrandpaJarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War."Mama," Wangero said sweet as a bird. "Can I have these old quilts?"I heard something fall in the kitchen, and a minute later the kitchen door slammed."Why don't you take one or two of the others?” 1 asked. "These old things was just done by me and Big Dee from some tops your grandma pieced before she died.""No," said Wangero. "I don't want those. They are stitched around the borders by machine.""That'll make them last better," I said."That's not the point," said Wanglero. "These are all pieces of dresses Grandma used to wear. She did all this stitching by hand. Imagine!" She held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them."Some of the pieces, like those lavender ones, come from old clothes her mother handed down to her,” I said, moving up to touch the quilts. Dee (Wangero) moved back just enough so that I couldn't reach the quilts. They already belonged to her. "Imagine!" she breathed again, clutching them closely to her bosom."The truth is," I said, "I promised to give them quilts to Maggie, for when she marries John Thomas."She gasped like a bee had stung her."Maggie can't appreciate these quilts!" she said. "She'd probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.""I reckon she would," I said. "God knows I been savage ’em for long enough with nobody using 'em. I hope she will! ” I didn't want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told me they were old-fashioned, out of style."But they're priceless!" she was saying now, furiously, for she has a temper. "Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they'd be in rags. Less than that!" "She can always make some more,” I said. "Maggie knows how to quilt. "Dee (Wangero) looked at me with hatred. "You just will not understand. The point is these quilts, these quilts!""Well," I said,, stumped. "What would you do with them?""Hang them," she said. As it that was the only thing you could do with quilts.Maggie by now was standing in the door. I could almost hear the sound her feet made as they scraped over each other."She can have them, Mama,” she said like somebody used to neve r winning anything, or having anything reserved for her. "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts."I looked at her hard. She had filled her bottom lip with checkerberry snuff and it gave her face a kind of dopey, hangdog look. It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee who taught her how to quilt herself. She stood there with her scarred hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear but she wasn't mad at her. This was Maggie's portion. This was the way she knew God to work.When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet. Just like when I'm in church and the spirit of God touches me and I get happy and shout. I did something I never had done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangero's hands and dumped them into Maggie's lap. Maggie just sat there on my bed with her mouth open."Take one or two of the others," I said to Dee.But she turned without a word and went out to Hakim-a-barber."You just don't understand," she said, as Maggie and I came out to the car."What don't I under stand?" I wanted to know."Your heritage," she said. And then she turned to Maggie, kissed her, and said, "You ought to try to make some-thing of yourself, too, Maggie. It's really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live you'd never know it."She put on some sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin.Maggie smiled; maybe at the sunglasses. But a real mile, not scared. After we watched the car dust settle I asked Maggie to bring me a dip of snuff. And then the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES1) Alice Walker: born 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia, America and graduated from Sarah Lawrence College. Her books include The Third Life of Grange Copeland ( 1970 ), Meridian ( 1976 ), The Color Purple(1982), etc.2)"made it": to become a success, to succeed, either in specific endeavor or in general3) Johnny Carson: a man who runs a late night talk show4)hooked: injured by the horn of the cow being milked5) Jimmy T: 'T' is the initial of the surname of the boy Dee was courting.6)"Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!": phonetic rendering of an African dialect salutation7) "Asalamalakim": phonetic rendering of a Muslim greeting8) Polaroid: a camera that produces instant pictures9) the Civil War: the war between the North and the South in the U. S.(1861-1865)10) branches: branches or divisions of a family descending from a common ancestor11) Ream it out again: "Ream" is perhaps an African dialect word meaning: "unfold, display". Hence the phrase may mean "repeat" or "say it once again"12) pork was unclean: Muslims are forbidden by their religion to eat pork because it is considered to be unclean.13) Chitlins: also chitlings or chitterlings, the small intestines of pigs, used for food, a common dish in Afro-American households14) rump prints: depressions in the benches made by constant sitting15) sink: depressions in the wood of the handle left by the thumbs and fingers第四课外婆的日用家当艾丽斯•沃克尔“我会慢慢习惯的，”我说，“你给我再念一遍吧。
高级英语第一册课本学习知识翻译及其词汇资料
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇第一课词汇(Vocabulary)1.Bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，2. cavern (n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞)3. shadowy (adj.) : dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的4. FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj．) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv．5. throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集6. conceivable (adj.) : that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的，想得到的7. din (n.) : a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声8. would-be ( adj．) : intended to be预期成为……的；将要成为……的9. muted (adj.) : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的10. vaulted ( adj．) : having the form of a vault；arched穹窿形的；拱形的11. sepulchral(n．) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal；gloomy坟墓般的；阴森森的13. guild ( n．) : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会；协会14. trestle (n.) :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairs of spreading legs，used to support planks（木板）to form a table，platform，etc．支架；脚手台架；搁凳15. impinge (v．) : strike，hit，or dash；have an effect撞击，冲击，冲撞；对……具有影响16. fairyland (n.) : the imaginary land where the fairies live；a lovely enchanting place仙境；奇境17. burnish ( v．) : make or become shiny by rubbing；polish擦亮；磨光；抛光18. brazier ( n.) : a metal pan，bowl，etc．，to hold burning coals or charcoal，as for warming a room or grilling food火盆；火钵19. dim ( v．) :make or grow unclear(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊20. rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj．) :having rhythm有韵律的；有节奏的／rhythmically adv21. bellows ( n.) :(sing．&p1.)a device that used for blowing fires，etc．(单复同)风箱22. intricate ( adj．) :complex；hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships；full of elaborate detail错综复杂的；精心制作的23. exotic ( adj．) :strange or different in a way that is striking or fascinating奇异的；异常迷人的24. sumptuous ( adj．) :involving great expense；costly lavish豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的25. maze ( n.) :a confusing，intricate network of winding pathways 迷津；迷宫；曲径26. honeycomb ( v．) :fill with holes like a honeycomb使成蜂窝状27. mosque ( n.) :a Moslem temple or place of worship清真寺；伊斯兰教堂28. caravanserai ／caravansery ( n.) :in the Orient．a kind of inn with a large central court，where caravans stop for the night东方商队(或旅行队)的客店29. disdainful ( n.) :feeling or expressing disdain；scornful and aloof；proud轻视的，轻蔑的；傲慢的／disdainfully adv．30. bale ( n.) :a large bundle大包，大捆31. linseed ( n.) :the seed of flax亚麻籽32. somber ( adj．) :dark and gloomy or dull阴沉的；昏暗的33. pulp ( n.) :a soft，moist，formless mass that sticks together浆34. ramshackle ( adj．) :1ikely to fall to pieces；shaky要倒塌似的，摇摇欲坠的．35. dwarf ( v．) :make small or insignificant；make seem small in comparison使矮小；使无足轻重；使(相形之下)显得渺小；使相形见绌36. vat ( n.) :a large tank tub used for holding liquids大缸；大桶37. nimble ( adj．) :moving or acting quickly and lightly灵活的；敏捷的／nimbly adv．38. girder ( n.) :a large beam that supports a floor, roof, or bridge大梁39. trickle ( n.) :a slow，small flow细流；涓流40. ooze ( v．) :flow or leak out slowly，as through very small holes 渗出；慢慢地流41. runnel ( n.) :runnel a small stream；little brook or rivulet；a small channel or watercourse小溪；小沟；小槽42. glisten (v．) :shine with reflected light, as a polished surface；flash(湿的表面或光滑面)反光；闪耀，闪光43. taut ( adj．) :tightly stretched，as a rope(绳子等)拉紧的，绷紧的短语(Expressions)thread one’s way: move through carefully or slowly，changing direc- tion frequenfly as moving 小心，缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向)follow suit: to do the same as someone else has done赶潮流，学样narrow down: reduce the number of缩小(范围，数字等)beat down: bargain with(seller)，causing seller to lower price(与卖主)往下砍价make a point of: regard or treat it as necessary认为……是必要的take a hand: join to help帮助，帮忙throw one’s weight on to (sth．): use all one’s strength to press down使劲压在(某物)上set…in motion: set sth．going；launch使…一运动，移动第二课词汇(Vocabulary)reportorial ( adj.) :reporting报道的，报告的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------kimono ( n.) :a loose out garment with short，wide sleeve and a sash。
大学高级英语第一册Lesson 14Argentia Bay
Rhetorical Devices
The difference between synesthesia and transferred epithet
Synesthesia (通感)
It refers to the mixing of sensations or the stimulation of one sense that produces a mental impression associated with a different sense.
Parallelism & Repetition Haze and mist blended all into gray: gray water, gray sky, gray air, gray hills with a tint of green. (para.1,line 4)
This plain truth, so simple once agreed on, ran a red line across every request, every program, every projection. (page.239, para.4, line. 10)
Background information
Pulitzer Prize:
founded by Joseph Pulitzer (18471911), American newspaper publisher who gave Columbia University $2,000,000 in 1903 for the creation of the Columbia School of Journalism and also the Prizes..
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案1）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。
The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modeled on a garden in Wuxi.2）他号召孩子们以 ___英雄为榜样。
He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes.3）这本书应归入哲学类。
This work may be related to philosophy.4）本杰明·富兰克林不仅是政治家，而且还是科学家、发明家。
Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman.5）他把每次试验的结果都记在本子上。
He set down all the findings of every experiment in his notebook.6）你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？Can you sum up the central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms?7）我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。
We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.8）年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手里还紧握着枪。
The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to a gun.9）该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。
The said pany will furnishthem with lodging and transportation.10）车速限制在每小时55公里之内。
高级英语第一册Unit 1 (文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案)
《高级英语》Advanced English第一册Unit 1The Middle Eastern BazaarTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 教学目的及重点难点Aims of teaching1. To comprehend the whole text2. To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions3. To understand the structure of the text4. To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Important and difficult points1. What is description?2. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell.3. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration.4. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of honour…, and etcBackground informationThis text is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces (1962), which was intended for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency Examination, & for students in the top class of secondary schools or in the first year of a university course.The Middle Eastern BazaarThe Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, darkcavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leavingthe bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit .One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, so that purchasers can know where to find them, and so that they can form a closely knit guild against injustice or persecution . In the cloth-market, for instance, all the sellers of material for clothes, curtains, chair covers and so on line the roadway on both sides, each open-fronted shop having a trestle trestle table for display and shelves for storage. Bargaining is the order of the cay, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going at intervals .One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers . In each shop sit the apprentices –boys and youths, some of them incredibly young – hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. In the background, a tiny apprentice blows a bi-, charcoal fir e with a hugeleather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe -- the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.Here you can findbeautiful pots and bowlsengrave with delicate andintricate traditionaldesigns, or the simple,everyday kitchenwareused in this country,pleasing in form, butundecorated and strictlyfunctional. Elsewherethere is the carpet-market,with its profusion of richcolours, varied textures and regional designs -- some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and thefood-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.Perhaps the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar, apart from its general atmosphere, is the place where they make linseed oil. It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, each with a huge pole through its centre as an axle. The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. This revolves in a circular stone channel, into which an attendant feeds linseed. The stone wheel crushes it to a pulp, which is then pressed to extract the oil .The camels are the largest and finest I have ever seen, and in superb condition –muscular, massive and stately.The pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by a vast ramshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stonewheels. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders girders creak and groan , ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.(from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation pieces, 1962 )NOTES1) This piece is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces, compiled for overseas students by L. A. Hill and D.J. May, published by Oxford University Press, Hong Kong, 1962.2) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.3) Gothic: a style of architecture originated in N. France in 11th century, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, steep, high roofs, etc.4) veiled women: Some Moslems use the veil---more appropriately, the purdah --- to seclude or hide their women from the eyes of strangers.5) caravanserai (caravansary): in the Middle East, a kind of inn with a large central court, where bands of merchants or pilgrims, together with their camels or horses, stay for shelter and refreshmentTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 文章结构THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARStructural and stylistic analysis&Writing TechniqueSection I: ( paras. 1, 2) General atmosphereTopic Sentence: The Middle Eastern...takes you ...years.ancientness, backwardness, primitivenessharmonious, liveliness, self-sufficient, simple, not sophisticated, active, vigorous, healthySection II (One of the peculiarities) the cloth marketSection III (One of the most picturesque) the coppersmith market and etc.Section IV (Perhaps the most unforgettable) the mill where linseed oil is madeTYPE of Writing: Description: A description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.a description essay is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s senses --- sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The writer generally chooses those that help to bring out the dominant characteristic or outstanding quality of the person or thing described.1. From Macro to Micro2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour.3 nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia.5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:the one I am thinking of particularly…one of the peculiarities …one of the most picturesque and impressive parts …the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar,…The Middle Eastern Bazaar 课文讲解THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARDetailed Study of the Text1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa,including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa, including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.Far East: China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia and East Siberia2. particular: special, single and different from others. When sth. is particular, we mean it is the single or an example of the whole under consideration. the term is clearly opposed to general and that it is a close synonym of "single".Particular is also often used in the sense of special.I have sth. very particular (special) to say to Mr. Clinton.She always took particular (special) notice of me.On this particular (single) day we had to be at school early.I don't like this particular (single) hat, but the others are quite nice.3. Gothic-arched: a type of architecture (see. ALD, church picture)Goth: one of the German tribesArch: a curved top sometimes with a central point resting on 2 supports as above a door.aged: a. [d d]My son is aged 10.When he was aged 6, he went to school.a middle aged coupleb. [d id] ancientHe is aged; her aged grandfathermedicare for the sick & aged4. glare: shining intensely, harshly, uncomfortably, and too strong; in a way unpleasant to the eyes5. cavern: a large deep cave (hollow place in the side of a cliff or hill, or underground), closed roofed place. Here in the text we can see that it is a long, narrow, dark street or workshops and stores with some sort of roof over them.6. losing itself in the shadowy distance: in the farthest distance everything becomes obscure, unclear, or only dimly visible in the dark surroundings.lose: come to be withoutshadow: greater darkness where direct light, esp. sunlight, is blocked by sth.; a dark shapeshadowy: hard to see or know about clearly, not distinct, dimHere shadowy suggests the changing of having and not having light, the shifting of lightness and darkness. There may be some spots of brightness in the dark.7. harmonious:harmony: musical notes combined together in a pleasant sounding waytinkle: to make light metallic soundcf:jingle: light tinkling soundThe rain tinkled on the metal roof.She laughed heartily, a sound as cool as ice tinkling in the glass. to tinkle coins together8. throng: large crowd of people or things, a crowd of people busy doing sth. searching up and down, engaging in some kind of activitycf: crowd: general term, large number of people together, but without order or organization.Crowd basically implies a close gathering and pressing together. The boulevard was crammed with gay, laughing crowds.Throng varies so little in meaning from crowd that the two words are often used interchangeably without loss. Throng sometimes carries the stronger implication of movement and of pushing and the weaker implication of density.Throngs circulating through the streets.The pre-Xmas sale attracted a throng of shoppers.9. thread: make one's way carefully, implies zigzag, roundaboutsThe river threads between the mountains.10. roadway:a. central part used by wheeled traffic, the middle part of a road where vehicles driveb. a strip of land over which a road passes11. narrow:In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes.The river narrows at this point.They narrowed the search for the missing boy down to five streets near the school.She looked far into the shadowy distance, her eyes narrowed, a hand on the eyebrows to prevent the glare.The aircraft carrier was too big to pass through the narrows (narrow passage between two large stretches of water).12. stall: BrE. a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place, sth. not permanent, often can be put together and taken away, on which wares are set up for sale.13. din: specific word of noise, loud, confused, continuous noise, low roar which can not be distinguished exactly until you get close, often suggests unpleasant. disordered mixture of confusing and disturbing sounds, stress prolonged, deafening, ear-splitting metallic soundsThe children were making so much din that I could not make myself heard.They kicked up such a din at the party.The din stopped when the curtain was raised.the din of the cheerful crowd14. wares (always-pl.) articles offered for sale, usu. not in a shop. The word gives the impression of traditional commodity, items, goods, more likely to be sold in free-markets.to advertise / hawk / peddle one's waresGoods: articles for sale, possessions that can be moved or carried by train, road; not house, land,There is a variety of goods in the shops.goods train / freight train, canned goods, half-finished goods, clearance goods, textile goods, high-quality goodsware: (lit.) articles for sale, usu. not in a shopThe silversmith showed us his wares.The baker travelled round the town selling his wares. kitchenware, tableware, hardware, softwareearthenware, tinware, ironware, silverwarecommodity: an article of trade or commerce, esp. a farm or mineral productWheat is a valuable commodity.Wine is one of the many commodities that France sells abroad.a commodity fairmerchandise: (U.) things for sale, a general term for all the specific goods or wares.The store has the best merchandise in town.We call these goods merchandise.15. would-be: likely, possible, which one wishes to be but is nota would-be musician / football player16. purchase (fml. or tech.) to buyYou buy some eggs, but purchase a house.17. bargain: to talk about the condition of a sale, agreement, or contract18. dizzy: feeling as if everything were turning round , mentally confusedIf you suffer from anaemia, you often feel dizzy.Every night, when my head touches the pillows, I felt a wave ofdizziness.The two-day journey on the bus makes me dizzy.19. penetrate: to enter, pass, cut, or force a way into or through. The word suggests force, a compelling power to make entrance and also resistance in the medium.The bullet can penetrate a wall.The scud missile can penetrate a concrete works of 1 metre thick. Rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house.20. fade: to lose strength, colour, freshness, etc.fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearingThe farther you push / force your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. Then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible. Colour cloth often fades when it is washed.The light faded as the sun went down.The sound of the footsteps faded away.The noise of the airplane faded away.21. mute:adj.a. silent, without speechThe boy has been mute since birth.b. not pronounced:The word "debt" contains a mute letter.noun:a. a person who cannot speakThe boy was born a deaf mute.( has healthy speech organs but never has heard speech sounds, can be trained to speak){cf: He is deaf and dumb (unable to speak).}b. an object that makes a musical instrument give softer sound when placed against the strings or in the stream of airverb: to reduce the sound of, to make a sound softer than usualto mute a musical instrumentHere in the text the word "muted" is used to suggest the compelling circumstances, forcing you to lower your sound.22. beaten: (of a path, track, etc.) that is given shape by the feet of those who pass along it, suggesting ancientness, timelessness. The path becomes flat due to the treading of countless people through thousands of years.We followed a well-beaten path through the forest.23. deaden: to cause to lose strength, force, feeling, and brightnessto deaden the painTwo of these pills will deaden the ache.24. measured: steady, careful, slow, suggesting lack ofspeed, paying attention to what to say25. overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenlyThe enemy were overwhelmed by superior forces.Sorrow overwhelmed the family.She was overwhelmed with griefThey won an overwhelming victory / majority.26. sepulchral: related to grave, gloomy, dismalsepulchre / er : old and bibl. use, a burial place; a tomb, esp. one cut in rock or built of stone27. follow suit: to do the same as one else has, to play / to deal the cards of the same suits (in poker, there two red suits, and two black suits. They are hearts, diamonds, spades, clubs, jokers, aces, kings, queens and jacks (knaves).When the others went swimming, I followed suit.He went to bed and I followed suit after a few minutes.28. peculiarity: a distinguishing characteristic, special feature, suggesting difference from normal or usual, strangeness. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same colour.The large fantail is a peculiarity of the peacock.The peculiarity of her behaviour puzzled everyone.29. deal in: sell and buy, trade inThis merchant deals in silk goods.Most foreign trading companies in West Africa deal in rubber, cocoa and vegetable oils.30. scatter: to cause (a group) to separate widely, to spread widely in all directions as if by throwingThe frightened people scattered about in all directions.One of the special features / characteristics of the M.E. bazaar is that shopkeepers in the same trade always gather together in the same place to do their business.31. knit: to make things to wear by uniting threads into a kind of close network. Here, to unite or join closely32. guild / gild: an association for businessmen or skilled workers who joined together in former times to help one another and to make rules for training new members33. persecution: cruel treatmentpersecute: to treat cruelly, cause to suffer, esp. for religious or political beliefsThe first immigrants came to American mainly because they wanted to avoid religious persecution / after being persecuted for their religious beliefs.be persecuted by sb. for sth.bloody / terrible /relentless persecutionsuffer from / be subjected to political / religious persecution34. line: form rows along35. trestle: wooden beam fixed at each end to a pair of spreading legs, used, usu. in pairs, as a removable support of a table or other flat surface.36. order of the day: the characteristic or dominant feather or activity, the prevailing state of thingsIf sth. is the order of the day, it is very common among a particular group of peopleConfusion became the order of the day in the Iraqi headquarters due to the electronic interference from the Allied forces. Learning from Lei Feng and Jiao Yulu has become the order of the day recently.Jeans and mini-skirts are no longer the order of the day now. During that period, the Gulf War became the order of the day.37. veil: covering of fine net or other material to protect or hidea woman's face38. leisure: time free from work, having plenty of free time, not in a hurry to do sth.39. pace: rate or speed in walking, marching, running or developing40. preliminary: coming before sth. introducing or preparing for sth. more important, preparatoryThere were several preliminary meetings before the general assembly.A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army.41. beat down: to reduce by argument or other influence, to persuade sb. to reduce a priceThe man asked $5 for the dress, but I beat him down to $4.50.42. a point of honour: sth. considered important for one's self-respectIt's a point of honour with me to keep my promise = I made it a point of honour to keep my promise.In our country, it is a point of honour with a boy to pay the bill when he is dining with a girl / when he dines a girl; but on the other hand, a western girl would regard it a point of honour (with her) to pay the bill herself.43. make a point of / make it a point to: do sth because one considers it important or necessary, to take particular care of, make extraordinary efforts in, regard or treat as necessaryI always make a point of checking that all the windows are shut before I go out.I always made a point of being on time.I always make a point of remembering my wife's birthday.He made a point of thanking his hostess before he left the party. The rush-hour commute to my job is often nerve-racking, so I make it a point to be a careful and considerate motorist.Some American people make it a point of conscience to have no social distinctions between whites and blacks.44. what it is: used to stressWhat is it she really likes?What is it you do?What is it you really want?45. protest: to express one's disagreement, feeling of unfairnessHere: insist firmly, a firming strongly46. deprive of: take away from, prevent from usingto deprive sb. of political rights / of his power / civil rightsThe misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason.The accident deprived him of his sight / hearing.47. sacrifice: to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose or beliefThe ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in a battle.(infml) to sell sth. at less than its cost or valueI need the money and I have to sacrifice (on the price of) my car.48. regard: regard, respect, esteem, admire and their corresponding nouns are comparable when they mean a feeling for sb. or sth.Regard is the most colourless as well as the most formal. It usu. requires a modifier to reinforce its meaningI hold her in high / low / the greatest regard.to have a high / low regard for sb's opinion.Steve was not highly regarded in his hometown.It is proper to use respect from junior to senior or inferior to superior. It also implies a considered and carefulevaluation or estimation. Sometimes it suggests recognition of sth. as sacred. He respected their views even though he could not agree with them.to have respect for one's privacy, rights...Esteem implies greater warmth of feeling accompanying a high valuation.Einstein's theory of relativity won for his universal esteem. Admiration and Admire, like esteem, imply a recognition of superiority, but they usually connote more enthusiastic appreciation, and sometimes suggest genuine affection. Sometimes the words stress the personal attractiveness of the object of admiration, and weaken the implication of esteem.I have long felt the deepest esteem for you, and your present courageous attitude has added admiration to esteem.regard:to regard sb's wishes / advice / what... (but not sb.)respect:to respect sb.to respect sb.'s courage / opinion /esteem:to esteem sb.to esteem sb. for his honesty / courageadmire:to admire sb.to admire the flowers / sb.' poem49. the customer coming and going at intervals.A customer buys things from a shop; a client get services from a lawyer, a bank or a hairdresser; One who get medical services is a patient and a guest is served in a hotel.at intervals: happening regularly after equal periods of time Trains leave at short intervals.The trees were planted beside the road at 50-meters intervals.50. picturesque: charming or interesting enough to be made into a picture, striking, vivid51. -smith: a worker in metal, a makercopper- / gold- / tin- / black- / gun-smith52. clash: a noisy, usu. metallic sound of collisionswords clashThe dustbins clashed as the men emptied them.bang: to hit violently, to make a loud noiseThe door banged open / shut.He banged the window shut.53. impinge on (upon): to strike or dash esp. with a sharp collisionI heard the rain impinge upon the earth.The strong light impinge on his eyes.The noise of the aeroplane overhead impinged on our ears.to have effect onThe need to see that justice is done impinges on every decision made in the courts.54. distinct: clearly seen, heard, understood, etc. plane, noticeable, and distinguishable to the eye or ear or mind Anything clearly noticed is distinctThere is a distinct smell of beer in this room.A thing or quality that is clearly different from others of its kind is distinctive or distinct fromBeer has a very distinctive smell. It is quite distinct from the smell of wine.55. round:Please round your lips to say "oo".Stones rounded by the action of water are called cobbles.The ship rounded the cape / the tip of the peninsula.56. burnish: to polish, esp. metal, usu. with sth. hard and smooth, polish by friction, make smooth and shiny57. brazier: open metal framework like a basket, usu. on leg, for holding a charcoal or coal fire (see picture in ALD)58. youth: often derog. a young person, esp. a young malea group of youthsthe friends of my youthcollective noun: the youth (young men and women) of the nation59. incredible: This word comes from credit, which means belief, trust, and faithcredit cardWe place full credit in the government's ability.We gave credit to his story.credible: deserving or worthy of belief, trustworthyIs the witness's story credible?After this latest affair he hardly seems credible as a politician. incredible: too strange to be believed, unbelievable60. hammer away at:away: continuously, constantlySo little Hans worked away in his garden.He was laughing (grumbling) away all afternoon.61. vessel:a. usu. round container, such as a glass, pot, bottle, bucket or barrel, used for holding liquidsb. (fml) a ship or large boatc. a tube that carries blood or other liquid through the body, or plant juice through a plant: blood vessel62. bellows: an instrument for blowing air into a fire to make it burn quickly63. the red of the live...The light of the burning coal becomes alternately bright and dim (by turns, one follows the other) as the coal burns and dies down, burns again, along with the repeated movements of the bellows.64. glow: send out brightness or warmth, heat or light without flame or smokeWhen you draws a deep mouthful, the cigarette tip glows.65. rhythmically: happening at regular periods of time, alternately; by turns。
高级英语第一册1~6课课文解析与答案
第一单元Page44) The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel.翻译：磙轴的一端与一根立柱相连，使石磙可以绕立柱作旋转运动，另一端则套在一头蒙着眼罩的骆驼身上，通过骆驼不停地绕圈子走动来带动石磙旋转。
5) The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders creak and groan, ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.翻译：这套装置是由一个人操作的。
高级英语第一册课后翻译答案及出处
Hiroshima1.礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了：There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off2.那本书看上去活像个盒子：That book looks very much like a box3.四川话和湖北话很相似，有时难以区别：Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.（所差无几，课文Line14）4.一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友：The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.（一看见，课文Line23）5.他陷入沉思之中，没有理会同伴们在谈些什么：He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.（不注意的，忘我的，课文Line17）6.他干得事情与她毫无关系：She had little to do with anything he did（与...无关，课文Line8）7.他睡不着觉，女儿的病使他心事重重：A.She couldn’t fall asleep as her daughter’s illness was very much on her mind.B.Sleep never comes to her due to the fact that her daughter’s illness was haunting on her mind. (心事重重，课文Line7）8.这件事情长期以来一直使我放心不下：I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.9.他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题发表意见：He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchanging opinions with them on various subjects.（交往，交流，擦肩而过，课文Line15）10.大家在几分钟后才领悟到他话中的含义：It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in(领悟，沉思，课文Line83）11.土壤散发着青草的香味：The soil smells of fresh grass.(散发着...的气味，课文Line111，这个词组并不是“闻起来像...”的意思，请注意）12.我可以占用你几分钟时间么？：Could you spare me a few minutes?13.你能匀出一张票给我么？：Could you spare me a ticket?（匀出，分出，赦免，熬过，课文Line123）14.那个灰头发的上了年级的人是铜匠：That elderly greyhaired man is a coppersmith by trade.（课文Line117）Speech on Hitler’s invasion of U.S.S.R.1.这对城市和农村一样适用：This is true of the rural area as well as the urban area.（一样，适用于，课文Line29）2.他指望他们给予支持：He was counting on their support.6.他们别无选择，只好依靠他的努力了：They can do nothing, except for counting on his help （指望，寄希望于，课文Line26）3.我记不得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的：I don’t remember his exact words, but I’m sure he did say something to that effect.（大致内容是...，课文Line38）4.丘吉尔说，告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望，打败希特勒：Churchill was saying :”Tell Stalin,We, Britain, have only one aim and one single purpose.That is to overwhelm Hitler.”7.客人们对受到的热情接待感到过意不去：The guests were overwhelmed by (the warm reception)(hospitalized)8.他们用出其不意的进攻击败了敌人：They overwhelme d the enemy by a surprise attack.（击败，击垮，热情洋溢，课文Line108）9.他们的困难就是我们的困难，正如我们把他们的胜利当作自己的胜利一样：Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.（正如同...一样，课文Line115）10.很清楚，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人们屈服于他们的统治：It is clear that German fascists were trying to subjugate the people in that region.（征服，屈服于...，课文Line113）Mark Twain1.对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重：He was obsessed with fear of poverty.（忧心忡忡，课文Line9）2.洞庭湖盛产鱼虾：DongTing Lake teems with fish and shrimps.（盛产，充满，课文Line36）3.汤姆的聪明丝毫不亚于班级上第一名的学生：Tom was every bit as intelligent as the top one in his class.（与...相当，丝毫不亚于...，课文Line5）This university to this country is every bit as prestigious as Oxford in Britain.这所学校之于这个国家（的地位）就相当于牛津大学之于英国（一般）。
高级英语第一册unit1
IV. Detailed Analysis of the Text
Para.1
1. Bazaar: ( in oriental countries) a market-place or street of shops and stalls, the goods were displayed on the sides of the streets. The bazaar was built possibly centuries ago, the architecture was ancient. 2. Gothic- arched gateway格特式拱门 • A style of building in Western Europe between 12th and 16th centuries. It is with pointed arches, arched roofs, tall thin pillars and stained glass windows. • aged: very old, having existed long • The architecture was built hundreds even thousands of years ago, so it is aged.
Cultural Landscapes are old….
Like the many walled cities around the Arab World…
…and new
Like the oil rigs around the Middle East
A notable cultural landmark:
(Exercise 1 on page 6)
1. What is a bazaar? Can you name some of the Middle Eastern countries in which such bazaars are likely to be found? 2. Name all the markets in the bazaar. What kind of economy do you think they represent? Give facts to support your view. 3. What scene do you find most picturesque in the bazaar? Why? 4. Could a blind man know which part of the bazaar he was in? 5. Why is the cloth-market-muted?
大学高级英语第一册第5课译文及课后答案
的个人和国家都是我们的敌人……这就是我们的政策，这就是我们的宣言。因此，我们将竭尽全力援助俄国政府坚定不移地战斗到底……
“这绝不是一场阶级战争，而是一场大英帝国和英联邦共同参加的、不分种族、宗教信仰或政党派别的全民战争。至于美国方面的行动，我无权代作宣言，但我要声明一点：如果希特勒认为他对苏维埃俄国的进攻会使那些决心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家稍稍转移目标或松懈斗志的话，那他就大错特错了。恰恰相反，我们将会更加坚强、更加勇敢地为将人类从他的暴政下解救出来而奋斗，我们将加强而不是削弱自己的决心和力量。
2) antibacterial抗细菌的，抗菌物； antifreeze 防冻剂 In these two cases, "anti-"means "preventing', "curing', "neutralizing" or "reducing". Other examples : antiknock, antitoxin, anti-pollution, anti-malarial, antifriction, anti-icer.
2)He was not surprised at the news, because he had thought that the Germans would attack the Soviet Union.
3)Because he had only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, who he thought was the worst in the world.
高级英语第一册课文翻译及习题(1,2,4,5,6)
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇第一课中东的集市中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。
此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。
你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。
这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。
赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场，一些挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于这熙熙攘攘的人群中，边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当叮当的响声。
市场的路面约有十二英尺宽，但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄；那儿出售的货物各种各样，应有尽有。
你一走进市场，就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声，赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声，还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。
各种各样的噪声此伏彼起，不绝于耳，简直叫人头晕。
随后，当往市场深处走去时，人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失，眼前便是清静的布市了。
这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。
布店的店主们一个个都是轻声轻气、慢条斯理的样子；买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下，自然而然地也学着店主们的榜样，变得低声细语起来。
中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家，为避免相互间的竞争，不是分散在集市各处，而是都集中在一块儿，这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们，同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来，结成同盟，以便保护自己不受欺侮和刁难。
例如，在布市上，所有那1些卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边，每一个店铺门面前都摆有一张陈列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。
讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。
头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺，一边挑选一边问价；在她们缩小选择范围并开始正儿八经杀价之前，往往总要先同店主谈论几句，探探价底。
对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。
高级英语第一册Blackmail
a reflection of America’s capitalist society
《大饭店》是阿瑟. 黑利1965年的作品。 它描写美国南部新奥尔良一家豪华的大饭 店，由于老板沃伦. 特伦特因循守旧，管理 不善，跟不上时代的发展，结果负债累累， 而被迫出售的故事。通过对这家饭店的描 述，反映了美国资本主义社会形形色色的 弊端和痼疾：旅馆巨擎弱肉强食，侦探人 员敲诈勒索，饭店职工贪污盗窃，黑人遭 到种族歧视，上层贵族卑鄙无耻，纨绔子 弟腐化堕落，富商少女精神空虚……这所 有的一切，可以说是腐朽的美国资本主义 社会的一个缩影。
Textual analysis
Read the text and try to find out each corresponding element in the text
（3）用人物的语言塑造艺术形象
1、通过充分个性化的语言，刻画人物性格，揭示人物关系。 2、通过富有动作性的语言，揭示人物的外部形态和内心活动。 3、通过富有潜台词的语言，揭示人物活动的目的和实质，反映丰富深刻 的生活内容。
3. 戏剧文学阅读与欣赏的要点：
（1）分析戏剧冲突 （2）分析剧本的场景设置 （3）分析剧本的情节安排 （4）分析戏剧文学的语言 戏戏戏剧剧剧冲 作的文突者情学是要节不戏在安同剧两排于文三，其学个常他表小常文现 时是 学人 之偶 样物 内然 式性 和性 的格 几与 根和 个必 本人 有然 特物 限性 点相 的的 在互 场结 于间 景合 通关 里， 过系 面情 剧的 表节中主现曲人要剧折物手中、的段人生语和物动言途几，来径年。、 每几构塑一十思造个年十艺主的分术要人巧形角生妙象色遭，的遇出揭性或乎示格命人特运的 物点 ，意 的、 其料 性角关， 格色键又 ，与在合 表角于乎 现色场事 矛间景情 盾的的的相设情 冲互置理 突关与。 ，系选分展都择析现会上剧作在面本品戏。的剧场情思冲景节想突设 中置安和充与排主分选，题而择可。清得以其晰好培语地，养言表承和个现载提性出量高化来就我 十。 大们 分分 ，构 突析 包思 出戏 含故 ，剧 的事 表冲 内的 现突 容能 力， 就力 极可 多。 强以 ，，极 思多准 想读确表、地现多把力分握就析人强戏物。剧的分语性析 格剧言本、，的弄是场清提景剧高设中我置人们，物语借相言鉴互运其间用裁的能取关力生系的活，一横借个断鉴十面其分、塑重浓造要缩人而人物有物形效与象的矛和途盾处径冲理。突人的物方关法系， 的可方以法培和养技我巧们，选培材养和自剪己材谋 的篇 能与 力写 。人的能力。
大学高级英语第一册unit 3
Questions for understanding: 1. why did the writer go to the aral sea?
What did he see there? 2. what were scientists doing in the antarctic region? 3. Why would the thinning of the polar ice cap be disastrous to the world? 4. How will the destruction of the amazon rain forest affect the earth’s ecological balance? 5. How are the ―ghosts in the sky‖ formed? 6. Why does the writer say ―our response to these signals is puzzling‖?
D.C., U.S. he has been a senator (19841992) representing the state of Tennessee, and U.S. vice-president (1992-2000) under president Bill Clinton. He ran for the presidency against George W. Bush Jr. but the latter won the closely tied election and has become the 43 rd American president. The text is taken from al gore’s book earth in the balance.
高级英语第一册详细讲解
Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar一．Background information二．Brief overview and writing styleThis text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly including the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter’s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details.The author’s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers’ visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing.In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished.三．Detailed study of the textParagraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years:1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the ArabianPeninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The word perhaps comesbazar.（中东和印度等的）集市，市场stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…:1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called “historical present(历史现在时)”. It is usedfor vividness.2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, withpointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows.3) aged: having existed long; very old3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…:1) Here “the heat”is contrasted with “cool”, “glare”with “dark”, and “open square”with“cavern”.2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as “bright sunlight”.强光，耀眼的光3) “cavern” here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. From the text we cansee it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside.4. which extends as far as the eye can see:The word eye and ear are used in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means man’s power of seeing or eyesight. E.g.1)She has an eye for beauty.2)The boy has a sharp eye.3)To turn a blind eye / a deaf ear to sth or sb.4)His words are unpleasant to the ear.5. losing itself in the shadowy distance…: shadowy suggests shifting illumination and distinct. E.g.A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.（一条蜿蜒的小路隐没在树荫深处。
大学高级英语第一册张汉熙版第四课原文加翻译Everyday_Use_for_your_grandmama
Everyday Use for your grandmamaAlice WalkerI will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yester day afternoon. A yard like this is more comfortable than most people know. It is not just a yard. It is like an extended living room. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house.Maggie will be nervous until after her sister goes: she will stand hopelessly in corners, homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs, eying her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her.You've no doubt seen those TV shows where the child who has "made it" is confronted, as a surprise, by her own mother and father, tottering in weakly from backstage. (A Pleasant surprise, of course: What would they do if parent and child came on the show only to curse out and insult each other?) On TV mother and child embrace and smile into each other's face. Sometimes the mother and father weep, the child wraps them in her arms and leans across the table to tell how she would not have made it without their help. I have seen these programs.Sometimes I dream a dream in which Dee and I are suddenly brought together on a TV program of this sort. Out of a cark and soft-seated limousine I am ushered into abright room filled with many people. There I meet a smiling, gray, sporty man like Johnny Carson who shakes my hand and tells me what a fine girl I have. Then we are on the stage and Dee is embracing me with tear s in her eyes. She pins on my dress a large orchid, even though she has told me once that she thinks or chides are tacky flowers.In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open tire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill be-fore nightfall. But of course all this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pan-cake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Car – son has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.But that is a mistake. I know even before I wake up. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. Dee, though. She would always look anyone in the eye. Hesitation was no part of her nature."How do I look, Mama?" Maggie says, showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there, almost hidden by the door."Come out into the yard," I say.Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps a dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? That is the way my Maggie walks. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground.Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure. She's a woman now, though sometimes I forget. How long ago was it that the other house burned? Ten, twelve years? Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. Her eyes seemed stretched open, blazed open by the flames reflect-ed in them. And Dee. I see her standing off under the sweet gum tree she used to dig gum out of; a look at concentration on her face as she watched the last dingy gray board of the house tall in toward the red-hot brick chimney. Why don't you do a dance around the ashes? I'd wanted to ask her. She had hated the house that much.I used to think she hated Maggie, too. But that was before we raised the money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school. She used to read to us without pity, forcing words, lies, other folks' habits, whole lives upon us two, sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. Pressed us to her with the serious way she read, to shove us away at just the moment, like dimwits, we seemed about to understand.Dee wanted nice things. A yellow organdy dress to wear to her graduation fromhigh school; black pumps to match a green suit she'd made from an old suit somebody gave me. She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts. Her eyelids would not flicker for minutes at a time. Often I fought off the temptation to shake her. At sixteen she had a style of her own' and knew what style was.I never had an education myself. After second grade the school was closed down. Don't ask me why. in 1927 colored asked fewer questions than they do now. Sometimes Maggie reads to me. She stumbles along good-naturedly but can't see well. She knows she is not bright. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by. She will marry John Thomas (who has mossy teeth in an earnest face) and then I'll be free to sit here and I guess just sing church songs to myself. Although I never was a good singer. Never could carry a tune. I was always better at a man's job. 1 used to love to milk till I was hooked in the side in '49. Cows are soothing and slow and don't bother you, unless you try to milk them the wrong way.I have deliberately turned my back on the house. It is three rooms, just like the one that burned, except the roof is tin: they don't make shingle roofs any more. There are no real windows, just some holes cut in the sides, like the portholes in a ship, but not round and not square, with rawhide holding the shutter s up on the outside. This house is in a pasture, too, like the other one. No doubt when Dee sees it she will want to tear it down. She wrote me once that no matter where we "choose" to live, she will manage to come see us. But she will never bring her friends. Maggie and I thought about this and Maggie asked me, Mama, when did Dee ever have any friends?"She had a few. Furtive boys in pink shirts hanging about on washday after school.Nervous girls who never laughed. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. She read to them.When she was courting Jimmy T she didn't have much time to pay to us, but turned all her faultfinding power on him. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. She hardly had time to recompose herself.When she comes I will meet -- but there they are!Maggie attempts to make a dash for the house, in her shuffling way, but I stay her with my hand. "Come back here," I say. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.It is hard to see them clearly through the strong sun. But even the first glimpse of leg out of the car tells me it is Dee. Her feet were always neat-looking, as it God himself had shaped them with a certain style. From the other side of the car comes a short, stocky man. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. I hear Maggie suck in her breath. "Uhnnnh," is what it sounds like. Like when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your toot on the road. "Uhnnnh."Dee next. A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yel-lows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, and hanging down to her shoulders. Bracelets dangling and making noises when she moves her arm up to shake the folds of the dress out of her armpits. The dress is loose and flows, and as she walks closer, I like it. I hear Maggie go "Uhnnnh" again. It is her sister'shair. It stands straight up like the wool on a sheep. It is black as night and around the edges are two long pigtails that rope about like small lizards disappearing behind her ears."Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!" she says, coming on in that gliding way the dress makes her move. The short stocky fellow with the hair to his navel is all grinning and he follows up with "Asalamalakim, my mother and sister!" He moves to hug Maggie but she falls back, right up against the back of my chair. I feel her trembling there and when I look up I see the perspiration falling off her chin."Don't get up," says Dee. Since I am stout it takes something of a push. You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. She turns, showing white heels through her sandals, and goes back to the car. Out she peeks next with a Polaroid. She stoops down quickly and lines up picture after picture of me sitting there in front of the house with Maggie cowering behind me. She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. When a cow comes nibbling around the edge of the yard she snaps it and me and Maggie and the house. Then she puts the Polaroid in the back seat of the car, and comes up and kisses me on the forehead.Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie's hand. Maggie's hand is as limp as a fish, and probably as cold, despite the sweat, and she keeps trying to pull it back. It looks like Asalamalakim wants to shake hands but wants to do it fancy. Or maybe he don't know how people shake hands. Anyhow, he soon gives up on Maggie."Well," I say. "Dee.""No, Mama," she says. "Not 'Dee', Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo!""What happened to 'Dee'?" I wanted to know."She's dead," Wangero said. "I couldn't bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me.""You know as well as me you was named after your aunt Dicle," I said. Dicie is my sister. She named Dee. We called her "Big Dee" after Dee was born."But who was she named after?" asked Wangero."I guess after Grandma Dee," I said."And who was she named after?" asked Wangero."Her mother," I said, and saw Wangero was getting tired. "That's about as far back as I can trace it," I said.Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches."Well," said Asalamalakim, "there you are.""Uhnnnh," I heard Maggie say."There I was not," I said, before 'Dicie' cropped up in our family, so why should I try to trace it that far back?"He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head."How do you pronounce this name?" I asked."You don't have to call me by it if you don't want to," said Wangero."Why shouldn't I?" I asked. "If that's what you want us to call you, we'll call you. ""I know it might sound awkward at first," said Wangero."I'll get used to it," I said. "Ream it out again."Well, soon we got the name out of the way. Asalamalakim had a name twice as long and three times as hard. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber. I wanted to ask him was he a barber, but I didn't really think he was, so I don't ask."You must belong to those beet-cattle peoples down the road," I said. They said "Asalamalakirn" when they met you too, but they didn't Shake hands. Always too busy feeding the cattle, fixing the fences, putting up salt-lick shelters, throwing down hay. When the white folks poisoned some of the herd the men stayed up all night with rifles in their hands. I walked a mile and a half just to see the sight.Hakim-a-barber said, "I accept some of their doctrines, but farming and raising cattle is not my style." (They didn't tell me, and I didn't ask, whether Wangero (Dee) had really gone and married him.)We sat down to eat and right away he said he didn't eat collards and pork was unclean. Wangero, though, went on through the chitlins and corn bread, the greens and every-thing else. She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes. Everything delighted her. Even the fact that we still used the benches her daddy made for the table when we couldn't afford to buy chairs."Oh, Mama!" she cried. Then turned to Hakim-a-barber. "I never knew how lovely these benches are. You can feel the rump prints," she said, running her hands underneath her and along the bench. Then she gave a sigh and her hand closed overGrandma Dee's butter dish. "That's it!" she said. "I knew there was something I wanted to ask you if I could have." She jumped up from the table and went over in the corner where the churn stood, the milk in it clabber by now. She looked at the churn and looked at it."This churn top is what I need," she said. "Didn't Uncle Buddy whittle it out of a tree you all used to have?""Yes," I said."Uh huh, " she said happily. "And I want the dasher,too.""Uncle Buddy whittle that, too?" asked the barber.Dee (Wangero) looked up at me."Aunt Dee's first husband whittled the dash," said Maggie so low you almost couldn't hear her. "His name was Henry, but they called him Stash.""Maggie's brain is like an elephants," Wanglero said, laughing. "I can use the churn top as a center piece for the alcove table,”she said, sliding a plate over the churn, "and I'll think of something artistic to do with the dasher."When she finished wrapping the dasher the handle stuck out. I took it for a moment in my hands. You didn't even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. It was beautiful light yellow wood, from a tree that grew in the yard where Big Dee and Stash had lived.After dinner Dee (Wangero) went to the trunk at the foot of my bed and startedrifling through it. Maggie hung back in the kitchen over the dishpan. Out came Wangero with two quilts. They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and me had hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. One was in the Lone Star pattern. The other was Walk Around the Mountain. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had worn fifty and more years ago. Bit sand pieces of Grandpa Jarrell's Paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War."Mama," Wangero said sweet as a bird. "Can I have these old quilts?"I heard something fall in the kitchen, and a minute later the kitchen door slammed."Why don't you take one or two of the others?” 1 asked. "These old things was just done by me and Big Dee from some tops your grandma pieced before she died.""No," said Wangero. "I don't want those. They are stitched around the borders by machine.""That'll make them last better," I said."That's not the point," said Wanglero. "These are all pieces of dresses Grandma used to wear. She did all this stitching by hand. Imagine!" She held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them."Some of the pieces, like those lavender ones, come from old clothes her mother handed down to her,” I said, moving up to touch the quilts. Dee (Wangero) moved back just enough so that I couldn't reach the quilts. They already belonged to her. "Imagine!" she breathed again, clutching them closely to her bosom."The truth is," I said, "I promised to give them quilts to Maggie, for when she marriesJohn Thomas."She gasped like a bee had stung her."Maggie can't appreciate these quilts!" she said. "She'd probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.""I reckon she would," I said. "God knows I been savage ’em for long enough with nobody using 'em. I hope she will! ” I didn't want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told me they were old-fashioned, out of style."But they're priceless!" she was saying now, furiously, for she has a temper. "Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they'd be in rags. Less than that!" "She can always make some more,” I said. "Maggie knows how to quilt. "Dee (Wangero) looked at me with hatred. "You just will not understand. The point is these quilts, these quilts!""Well," I said,, stumped. "What would you do with them?""Hang them," she said. As it that was the only thing you could do with quilts.Maggie by now was standing in the door. I could almost hear the sound her feet made as they scraped over each other."She can have them, Mama,” she said like somebody used to neve r winning anything, or having anything reserved for her. "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts."I looked at her hard. She had filled her bottom lip with checkerberry snuff and it gave her face a kind of dopey, hangdog look. It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee whotaught her how to quilt herself. She stood there with her scarred hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear but she wasn't mad at her. This was Maggie's portion. This was the way she knew God to work.When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet. Just like when I'm in church and the spirit of God touches me and I get happy and shout. I did something I never had done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangero's hands and dumped them into Maggie's lap. Maggie just sat there on my bed with her mouth open."Take one or two of the others," I said to Dee.But she turned without a word and went out to Hakim-a-barber."You just don't understand," she said, as Maggie and I came out to the car."What don't I under stand?" I wanted to know."Your heritage," she said. And then she turned to Maggie, kissed her, and said, "You ought to try to make some-thing of yourself, too, Maggie. It's really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live you'd never know it."She put on some sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin.Maggie smiled; maybe at the sunglasses. But a real mile, not scared. After we watched the car dust settle I asked Maggie to bring me a dip of snuff. And then the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTES1) Alice Walker: born 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia, America and graduated from Sarah Lawrence College. Her books include The Third Life of Grange Copeland ( 1970 ), Meridian ( 1976 ), The Color Purple(1982), etc.2)"made it": to become a success, to succeed, either in specific endeavor or in general3) Johnny Carson: a man who runs a late night talk show4)hooked: injured by the horn of the cow being milked5) Jimmy T: 'T' is the initial of the surname of the boy Dee was courting.6)"Wa-su-zo-Tean-o!": phonetic rendering of an African dialect salutation7) "Asalamalakim": phonetic rendering of a Muslim greeting8) Polaroid: a camera that produces instant pictures9) the Civil War: the war between the North and the South in the U. S.(1861-1865)10) branches: branches or divisions of a family descending from a common ancestor11) Ream it out again: "Ream" is perhaps an African dialect word meaning: "unfold, display". Hence the phrase may mean "repeat" or "say it once again"12) pork was unclean: Muslims are forbidden by their religion to eat pork because it is considered to be unclean.13) Chitlins: also chitlings or chitterlings, the small intestines of pigs, used for food, a common dish in Afro-American households14) rump prints: depressions in the benches made by constant sitting15) sink: depressions in the wood of the handle left by the thumbs and fingers第四课外婆的日用家当艾丽斯•沃克尔“我会慢慢习惯的，”我说，“你给我再念一遍吧。
高级英语第一册课件001
Paragraph 2
Then as you penetrate deeper into the …fades away, and
you come …the muted cloth-market. Penetrate: to pierce or pass into or through It is used here to indicate that you have to pass through a big crowd in order to go deeper into the market. Fade away: go slowly out of hearing, disappear gradually
15
1. Type of literature: a piece of objective description；travel note 2. The purpose of a piece of objective description: ---to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author excluded 3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: ---to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed description in order of space
中东名称的来源据说是：16－17世纪欧洲殖民者向东殖 民时，把距离欧洲的地理位置按远近划分成了：近东near east， 中东middle east，远东far east。 “中东地区”或“中东” 是指地中海东部与南部区域，从 地中海东部到波斯湾的大片地区，“中东”地理上也是非洲 东北部与亚洲大陆西南部的地区。 “中东”不属于正式的地 理术语。中东地区的气候类型主要有热带沙漠气候、地中海 气候、温带大陆性气候。 其中热带沙漠气候分布最广。
高级英语第一册讲解
Defending War of Stalingrad
8
Crazy Attack
9
Lesson Five
Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R
2.Winston Churchill’s life career Early Life Winston Churchill was born on Nov.30,1874 at Blenheim Palace.He graduated from the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.Then he participated in the colonial wars and reported all these campaigns as a war correspondent. Young politiciHitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R 4.Figures of speech
The following are some of the rhetorical devices Churchill employed to make his speech vivid and powerful. 1)Periodic sentence The past ,with its crimes,its follies,and its tragedies,flashes away. 2)Rhetorical question But can you doubt what our policy will be?
2
Lesson Five
Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Part 7
America refused to fight against German because the congressman didn’t agree.
Language Appreciation
1. making effective use of specific
The staff began to have a conference talking about their plan to fight against German.
Part 3
Churchill came to the Augusta and the staffs got right to business and conferred: The ship was sunk by the
Japanese in the South China Sea in December 1941.
Lend-lease arrangement
The land beneath the village was traded to the United States for construction of the base under the lend-lease programme
Part6: U-boat sighting
Chronological order
Part7: “We’ll have to pay the price”
Part 1
Description of Argentia Bay
Part 2
Henry went to Prince of Wales to send a letter.
Writing style
Narration
The telling of a story A good narration has a beginning, a
middle and an end.
Components
Plot
Characters
Background
Prime minister Short Much older
Lesson 14 Argentia Bay
Argentia
Argentia is a community on the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is situated on a flat headland located along the southwest coast of the Avalon Peninsula on Placentia Bay.
Summary
The story describes the RooseveltChurchill conference in August 1941.
Understandably, it was held in the utmost secrecy, and it was not given to anybody but the top few what was going on inside the conference room—nor to Victor Pug Henry, a navy captain and presidential aide, but not ranking high enough to be a participant.
President Tall but paralyzed
Structure
Part1: Argentia Bay
Part2: Harry Hopkins
Part4: Roosevelt hobbles across
Part3: Churchill calls
Part5: A request from the British
Herman Wouk (1915--):
American novelist
A Pulitzer Prize winner
Graduation from Columbia University
Radio scriptwriter
Enlisted in the navy
Herman Wouk
Famous works:
War and Remembrance(1977). The Caine Mutiny (1951, Pulitzer Prize)
•The Winds of War (1971)
The City Bay (1948)
Background information
It is excerpted from the book,The Winds of War:
The story is a fiction with the main character, Pug Victor Henry being a mid-rank officer who witnesses all the major events during World War II
World War II War between Britain and Nazi Germany was declared on September 3, 1939 in the aftermath of Hitler's invasion of Poland .Argentia was selected in 1940 to be the location of a United States Navy base
Part 4
Roosevelt came to the Prince of Wales
Part 5
British request American destroyers to escort them back
Part 6
Churchill show Henry the submarine sightings chart.