机车车辆滚动振动试验台及控制设计

摘要

本设计为机车车辆滚动振动试验台，与线路运行试验相比,车辆模拟运行试验台试验经证实具有如下优点：(1)可以同时测试几项性能实验,周期短,成本低;(2)可缩短机车车辆的研发时间,节约研究经费;(3)有较完善的重复性,不受气候条件的影响;(4)可以排除外界带来的干扰,实行错误分析;(5)可以试验线路上不能够完成的实验，例如超高速行驶、蛇行失稳、还有人工设置的极端条件（如减振器是小）情况下运行实验等；检测方便，并可检查在线路运行中无法检查的运行信号，如车体振动的绝对位移等。(6)检测方便，而且可以检测在线路运行中无法检测的运行信号，如车体振动的绝对位移等。试验台的滚轮将滚动和振动结合起来，在模拟机车车辆前进（滚动）的同时输入来自轨道不平顺的激扰（振动）。此试验台利用激振器模拟轨道。通过液压缸实现试验台滚轮的上下振动、通过液压缸以及X轴-Y轴的曲臂实现滚轮的左右移动，从而满足试验台的要求。用可编辑逻辑控制器编程，进行实验时仅需要DA模块位置确定后，往相应的寄存器地址写入数值，DA模块就会输出模拟量电压，输入不同的数值激振器的运动情况不同。因此，可以满足不同路况的道路模拟，最终目的来测试机车车辆是否可以在不平顺的道路上安全行驶。

关键词：机车车辆，试验台，可编辑逻辑控制器

ABSTRACT

The design is called the precise survey of rail vehicle roller,compared with cicuit running test,vehicle simulation test proved has the following advantages:(1) can besimultaneously a number of performance test,short cycle,low cost; (2) can shorten the locomotive vehicle development time,saving research funding; (3) has a good reproducibility,without the influence of climatic conditions; (4) can elimate various kinds of interference,the univariate analysis; (5) can be carried out in line for testing,such as high-speed operation,hunting instability,various people in extreme conditions(such as a small ashock absorber) running test;the detection is convenient,and can be detected in the line operation can not be detected the operation signal as a car body vibration of absolute displacemeng. (6) the detection is convenient,and can be detected in the line operation can net detect the operation signal,such as a car body vibration of absolute displacemeng.Test rig for roller rolling and vibration combined,in the simulation of locomotive vehicle forward (rolling) and input from the track irregularity excitation (vibration).This test bench using vibration simulation track.Through the hydraulic cylinder test bed roller vibrating up and down through the hydraulic cylinder,as well as X and Y axis of the crank arm to achieve wheel moving around,so as to meet the requirements on the test ing programmable logic controller is programmed,the experimeng needs only DA module position are determined,corresponding to the register address witing a value,DAmodule can output analog voltage,rnter a different value of vibration of the motor is different.Therefore,to meet the different road simulation test,the ultimate aim of locomotive vehicle is on unven road safety driving.

Key words: vehicle,test bench,programmable logic controller

目录

1绪论----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

1.1 国外机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况-----------------------------------------1

1.2 国内机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况-----------------------------------------1

1.3 机车车辆滚动振动试验台概述----------------------------------------------------------2 2整体设计方案------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3

2.1 机械部分的设计-------------------------------------------------------------------------------3

2.2 电气关键理论----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3

2.3 控制方式的选择-------------------------------------------------------------------------------4

3 计算说明-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5

3.1电动机的选择-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------5

3.2计算传动装置的运动和动力参数-------------------------------------------------------6

3.3 传动部分的设计计算-----------------------------------------------------------------------15 4控制系统设计-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21

4.1控制要求-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21

4.2设计方案-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21

4.3 DAC0832引脚功能电路应用原理-------------------------------------------------------24 5结论---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------37参考文献---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38 致谢-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------39