毕业设计基于单片机遥控小汽车的设计

基于单片机遥控小汽车的设计

（硬件部份）

学院：机电与自动化学院

专业：电气自动化技术0803

姓名：陈敦卫

学号：20202822113

指导教师：段丽娜

2020年6月

基于89C51遥控小汽车的设计

（硬件部份）

Based on 89C51 Remote control

cars design

(Hardware part)

摘要

依照题目要求，本设计采纳AT89C2051单片机组成主从式的操纵系统，双机采纳串行接口通信。红外遥控部份采纳遥控车模专用编、解码芯片TX-2/RX-2，提高操纵的靠得住性。采纳红别传感器进行里程检测；超声波传感器进行障碍识别；感光电阻辅以步进电机操纵的转动机构进行光源方向的检测，并能用软件操纵小车行驶到光源周围。采纳步进电机对小车的转向进行精准的操纵，同时用红别传感器对转向的角度进行校正。另外，采纳四位LED数码管和假设干LED发光二极管显示时刻、行进的里程和小车的各类状态；采纳AT89C2051串行EEPROM记录小车的行驶轨迹，并能依照所记录的轨迹自动行驶。

本次设计基于完备的软硬件系统，专门好的实现了红外遥控功能，启动和停止，自动或手动；前或后直线行进；任意曲线行进；测距避障功能；显示行进距离；精准查找光源等一些功能。

关键词：单片机超声波传感器发射装置接收装置红外遥控。

Abstract

According to the topic, my design needs to adopt two AT89C51 to form a control system of principal and subordinate. The communication between the two MCU is to adopt the serial port. Meanwhile, launch end join with insult male genital 61 sound recognition system that board make remotely, can finish the remote control function of the pronunciation, and it adopts the infrared sensor to measure the mileage; The ultrasonic sensor carries on the obstacle to discern; Sensitization resistance complement in order to walk into whom electrical machinery control rotate organization carry on measuring, direction of the light source, The small car can go to the adjacent place of the light source with the software .The design adopts serial EEPROM of AT24C08 to write down the orbit of the car , and can repeat the route automatically which has been recorded.

The Design is on the basis of the complete software and hardware system, and the small car has the function of sound remote control, following any curve, recording the route where it has gone, finding out the light source, and can repeat the route automatically which has been recorded.

Key words:Singlechip89C51 Sensor Electropult Receiver RemoteControl.

目录

摘要 (Ⅰ)

Abstract (Ⅱ)

绪论 (1)

1 遥控小汽车的整体设计 (4)

1.1 整体设计思路 (4)

1.2 设计方案论证与比较 (4)

1.2.1 轨迹探测模块设计与比较 (4)

1.2.2 数据存储比较 (5)

1.2.3 障碍探测模块方案分析与比较 (5)

1.3 课题背景 (6)

1.4 课题内容及安排 (7)

1.5 本章小结 (7)

2 遥控小汽车的硬件设计 (8)

2.1 硬件设计的整体思路 (8)

2.2 单片机的选择 (9)

2.2.1 单片机最小系统 (11)

2.3 发射电路的设计 (13)

2.4 电机驱动电路的设计 (14)

2.5 接收电路的设计 (14)

2.6 本章小结 (15)

3 遥控小汽车的软件设计 (16)

3.1 发射板操纵程序的设计 (16)

3.2 接收处置程序的设计 (17)

3.3 源程序的设计 (18)

3.4 本章小结 (19)

4 系统调试部份 (20)

4.1 系统测试数据分析 (20)

4.2 本章小结 (20)

结论 (21)

致谢 (22)

参考文献 (23)

附录1程序清单 (24)