2015-211 翻译硕士英语

第 1 页共9 页12. His proposal is __________ to our interests.A. adverseB. diverseC. averseD. reverse13. Mr. Wilson is ____________ in his work.A. sufficientB. deficientC. proficientD. efficient14. You’d better put a __________ on that cut finger.A. stringB. bandC. bandageD. cloth15. Turntable, amplifier and speaker are ___________ of a phonograph.A. compoundsB. compositionsC. compositesD. components16. As a result of careless washing the jacket __________ to a child’s size.A. shrankB. condensedC. decreasedD. compressed17. All things ____________, the planned trip will have to be called off.A. consideredB. be consideredC. consideringD. having considered18. During the conference the speaker tried to _________ his feeling concerning theurgency of a favorable decision.A. complyB. imposeC. implyD. convey19. I can’t afford a car, so I guess I’ll have to __________.A. do without itB. do withoutC. be withoutD. be without it20. They seldom paid us high ___________, even if we did our best to do the job.A. complementB. complimentC. implementD. supplement21. Weight is an inherent ___________ of matter.A. proprietyB. prosperityC. propertyD. privilege22. I haven’t booked a ticket. I’m taking a chance __________ the theatre not being full.A. onB. forC. inD. to23. The travelers ___________ themselves after a short break.A. refreshedB. resumedC. renewedD. restored24. The doorway was too low that he had to ____________ to go through it.A. scoopB. snoopC. sloopD. stoop25. He could not help walking to and fro, for he was _________ at the false accusation.A. indifferentB. indignantC. indicativeD. indigenous26. Don’t be so ____________, spend your money more carefully.A. extravagantB. extraordinaryC. extramaritalD. extrasensory27. At last the two armies ____________ at the railway station.A. convictedB. convergedC. convertedD. compelled28. The company has really _________ since the chief engineer joined us.A. flatteredB. flutteredC. flourishedD. flushed29. Tigers’ coats are tawny with black ___________.A. stripesB. strikesC. strollsD. strides30. After ____________ the window open, the burglar sneaked into the house and tookaway all he had.A. pryingB. plyingC. plumingD. probing第 2 页共9 页31. Another big issue ____________ the new republic is the problem of the education of itscitizens.A. confiningB. confirmingC. conformingD. confronting32. The two sisters __________ warmly since they hadn’t seen each other for half a year.A. mumbledB. swallowedC. embracedD. humiliated33. John has submitted an application for retirement at the age of 56 _________ ill health.A. on the ground ofB. on grounds ofC. on the grounds ofD. on ground of34. Because light travels faster than sound, lightening appears to ________ thunder.A. prolongB. traverseC. repelD. precede35. The music grew softer and softer until it was scarcely __________.A. manualB. lateralC. audibleD. treble36. A laser beam is used to __________ even the hardest substances.A. illuminateB. reiterateC. deprecateD. penetrate37. Her coffee was too strong, so Ellen ____________ it with milk.A. soakedB. softenedC. dilutedD. flavored38. My driving license ____________ next month.A. expiresB. inspiresC. respiresD. conspires39. No one would believe his story, It was quite _____________.A. credibleB. credulousC. creditableD. incredible40. In the past, energy sources were thought to be ___________.A. boundlessB. obsequiousC. sluggishD. extemporeSection B Error Correction (1 point each, 10 points in total) Directions: In the following passage, there are 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to add a word, cross out a word, or change a word. Mark out themistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you cross out aword, put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:1) adding “own” after “his”: his ∧own;2) crossing out “own”: own /3) changing “his” into “own”: his →ownIt seems that cohabitation in the United States has increased bymore than 1,500 percent in the past half century. In 1960, about450,000 married couples lived together. Now the number is more 41. __________ than 7.5 million. The majority of young adults in their twentieswill live with a romantic partner at least once, and more than halfof all marriages will be followed by cohabitation. This shift has 42. __________ been attributed the sexual revolution and the availability of birth 43. __________ control, and in our current economy, sharing the bills make 44. __________第 3 页共9 页cohabiting appealing. But when you talk to people in their 20s,you also hear about something else: cohabitation as prophylaxis.In a national survey conducted in 2001 by the nationwidely 45. __________ Marriage Project, then at Rutgers and now at the University ofVirginia, near half of 20-somethings agreed with the statement, 46. __________ “You would only marry someone if he or she agreed to livetogether with you first, so that you could find out that you really 47. __________ get along.” About two-thirds said they believed that moving intogether before marriage was a good way to avoiding divorce. 48. __________ But that belief is contradicted by experience. Couples whocohabit before marriage tend to be more satisfied with their 49. __________ marriages----and more likely to divorce----than couples who donot. These negative outcomes are called the cohabitation effect.Researchers originally credited the cohabitation effect toselection, or the idea that cohabiters were less convention 50. __________ about marriage and thus more open to divorce. As cohabitationhas become a norm, however, studies have shown that effect isnot entirely explained by individual characteristics like religion,education or politics. Research suggests that at least some of therisks may lie in cohabitation itself.Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points, 1.5points each)Directions: There are 4 passages below. After each passage, there are 5 questions with choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1According to the latest research in the' United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to communicate. Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boy's and girl's conversations from an early age. She says that little girls' conversation is less definite than boys' and expresses more doubts. Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.These differences continue into adult life, she says. In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more. In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style. Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy. For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.Teaching is one job where the differences between men's and women's ways of talking show. When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation. When a woman teaches another第 4 页共9 页woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in. But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful. She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others. Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is pre-programmed for language. As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias in its programming, otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.51. In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk becauseA. it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationshipB. it will help to establish status with their listenersC. it will help to express more clearlyD. it will help to communicate better52. There are _______in little girls’ conversation than in boys’.A. fewer doubtsB. more demandsC. more doubtsD. fewer uncertainties53. Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language. The word“pre-programmed” means_______.A. programmed alreadyB. programmed before one is bornC. programmed earlyD. programmed by women54. In private conversation, women speak_______A. the same things as menB. less than menC. more than menD. as much as men55. The theme of this article is _______.A. women are naturally more helpfulB. men and women talk different languagesC. men talk most and interrupt other speakers moreD. little girls' conversation is less definitePassage 2We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist，Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could mot. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.第 5 页共9 页Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don’t develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists’ suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned mice to avoid saccharin by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader exposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them. 56. Laudenslager’s experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who couldturn off the electricity ________.A. was strengthenedB. was not affectedC. was alteredD. was weakened57. According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to ________.A. try to control unpleasant stimuliB. turn off the electricityC. behave passively in controllable situationsD. become abnormally suspicious58. The reason why the mice in Ader’s experiment avoided saccharin was that ________.A. they disliked its tasteB. it affected their immune systemsC. it led to stomach painsD. they associated it with stomachaches59. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’sexperiment was that ________.A. they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB. the sweetener was poisonous to themC. their immune systems had been altered by the mindD. they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning60. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals ________.A. can be weakened by conditioningB. can be suppressed by drug injectionsC. can be affected by frequent doses of saccharinD. can be altered by electric shocks第 6 页共9 页Passage 3There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium". In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater’s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.61. What does the passage mainly discuss? ________A. The origins of theater.B. The role of ritual in modern dance.C. The importance of storytelling.D. The variety of early religious activities.62. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?________A. The reason drama is often unpredictable.B. The seasons in which dramas were performed.C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots.D. The importance of costumes in early drama.63. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater andritual?________A. Dance.B. Costumes.C. Music.D. Magic.64. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual anddrama?________A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.B. Ritual is shorter than drama.第7 页共9 页C. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.65. The passage supports which of the following statements? ________A. No one really knows how the theater began.B. Myths are no longer represented dramatically.C. Storytelling is an important part of dance.D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.Passage 4New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinterland and it became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to France, and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it , and the Americans under General And New Jackson.The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting and the river is now actually higher than the city. Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.Although New Orleans has been a part of the United States for almost two centuries, its population takes great pride in its French heritage. Louisiana still retains parts of the Code Napoleon which, form many years, was its only law.New Orleans is carefree city and it boasts its hot, spicy Creole seafood and its native Dixieland Jazz. The Jackson Square neighborhood maintains its French colonial homes and in other sections are pre-Civil War mansions. Visitors are surprised to find that behind this interesting facade of yesteryear, is a busy industrial and port city. Grain and coal come from the Midwest and foreign cargoes are unloaded here. New Orleans is no longer a sleepy Southern town----but it's still fun to visit.66.What accounts for the levees and pumps in New Orleans?_________A. The Mississippi frequently floods the city.B. The riverbed has raised in the past 200 years.C. The torrential rains flood the city frequently.D. The high humidity cannot otherwise be controlled.67.The battle of New Orleans was fought by Jackson against_______.A. FranceB. BritainC. SpainD. The North68.The Code Napoleon was _______.A. an agreement to sell LouisianaB. a body of lawsC. a city planD. a military code for the army69.Which of the following elements does not apply to the attitude of the inhabitants of New Orleans? ________A. Pride in their French heritage.B.A desire to retain picturesque colonial buildings.第8 页共9 页C.A refusal to engage in trade and commerceD.A praising of Dixieland Jazz.70.Tourists visiting New Orleans are surprised to encounter_______.A. Creole foodB. Dixieland jazzC. bustling cityD. authentic colonial homesPart III Translation(10 points)Direction: Translate the following passage into English.敲击键盘的声音也许是现代社会的一种白色噪音，但其实，他们所透露出的信息比疏忽的打字者意识到的要更多。