高三秋季入学考试英语试题

合集下载

北京市2023届高三上学期9月入学定位考试英语试卷

北京市2022-2023学年高三上学期9月入学定位考试英语本试卷共12页，100分。

考试时长90分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

John Oens was an enthusiastic hunter and enjoyed being in the woods. Once into the Wisconsin wilderness in November, his team encountered something unbelievable when he checked the ___1___.Instead of a coyote, he saw a huge timber wolf, which is on the endangered species list, trying to get free. John realized he cou ldn’t ___2___ this wolf, since the animal might die of exposure. However, he had to put his ___3___ on the line to free the creature. His heart was pounding while he prepared.His dad ran to the truck to get a gun as a precaution and some plywood(夹板). ___4___, they could figure it out without the gun.A little time had passed since they found the wolf, but it seemed like an eternity(永恒) to John. When his dad returned, John put the plan in motion. He ___5___ the plywood, using it as his shield(盾牌). While all that happened, his friend filmed everything. His dad was also available to fire the gun if the wolf decided to attack. They were prepared but ___6___!John ___7___ closer and closer all the while. His dad was a reassuring sight for him. John looked at his friend for moral support, ___8___ that now was when the action started.Finally, John freed the wolf’s paw from the trap. It took one moment for it to spin and fly away. The three men were happy because the wolf was free, and John was still safe.When they viewed the video to see it all ___9___ later, they noticed the wolflook at John for a brief moment before running back to the woods. Was it his wayof showing appreciation? Anyhow, John made the best _____10_____!1. A. traps B. plans C. routes D. numbers2. A. free B. help C. miss D. abandon3. A. hands B. life C. mind D. hope4. A. Hopefully B. Excitedly C. Finally D. Causally5. A. took over B. set down C. picked up D. gave away6. A. determined B. interested C. scared D. disappointed7. A. checked B. inched C. rushed D. rolled8. A. signaling B. guessing C. remembering D. deciding9. A. develop B. unfold C. end D. record10. A. challenge B. preparation C. choice D. discovery第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。

上海市行知中学2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)

Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Nowadays, maybe museums are 1 (visited) places in the world. Doubling as educational centers and conservation centers, museums play an important role in the protection of culture. 2 these institutions’ various size and specialty, the task of most museums is around the display and care of their collections. In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is important to understand its origins and trace how its role3 over time.The word, museum, is considered 4 (originate) from “mouseion”, the Greek term for “a holy place for the Muses”. In classical Greek mythology, the nine Muses are the goddesses of the arts and sciences, making 5 perfect protectors for these knowledge-based institutions.Earliest museums were private collections and were only accessible to a narrow circle of people. Rare and curious natural objects and works of art were displayed in 6 was called “wonder rooms” or “cabinets of curiosities”.The history of modem museums 7 (dare) back to the 17th century. Early museums served as 8but a private collection room until an Englishman named Elias Ashmole had donated the contents of his wonder room to Oxford University. Believing that “the knowledge of Nature is very necessary to human life and health,” manylike-minded collectors across Europe shifted their focus from private used to public access in the late 17th and 18th centuries. During this time, world-class museums began to make their art collections accessible to the public.Today, the importance of public institutions 9 never be too stronger than ever before. In addition to taking care of collections and making them accessible to the public, many museums are using new technologies to improve their public programs, digitize their collections, and share their research. With these modem methods, museums are able to engage audiences in new ways and extend their tasks 10 their walls.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Quinoa, of which both the seeds and leaves can be edible, is a crop native to the Andes Mountains. It took off in richer countries in the 1990s after NASA researchers recommended it as part of a potential space-colony diet. Over the past decade, quinoa, one of the leading crops that 31 on Bolivia’s high plains, 13,000 ft. above sea level, has become a premier product for foodies, health nuts and fair-trade enthusiasts. The gluten-free staple - in Bolivia it is produced solely by small-scale farmers and 90% is 32 - often decorates plates from celebrity chefs like Giada De Laurentiis and Bobby Flay and has inspired entire cookbooks 33 to Salads, soups and stuffing boasting its nutritional goodness. It’s an unaccustomed role for such a humble crop, which poorer Bolivians often grew and ate instead of buying rice. “It was always comida para los indios (food for Indians),” says Benjamin Huarachi, a memberof the board of Bolivia’s largest quinoa growers’ association, “Today it’s food for the world’s richest.”It also provides food for thought about the 34 that arise when rich nations try to support farmers in the developing world. The colorful tall tufts (丛生植物）, which 35 one of the healthiest foods on the planet, have become Huarachi’s golden goose. As global food prices have risen, the price of quinoa has tripled in the past five years, to $1 per lb., a benefit to growers in the poorest region of South America’s poorest country. “Now we’ve got tractors for our fields and parabolic antennas (抛物面天线) for our homes,” he says.And trouble with the neighbors. In an economy dependent on unsteady commodity 36 , quinoa has made farmers richer, but it has also become an out-of-reach luxury for many Bolivians and 37 violent conflict. In February hundreds of farmers clashed over prime quinoa-growing territory, and dozens were injured. The high price of quinoa has 38 cut domestic consumption, sparking concerns about malnutrition, with many farmers scrambling to export all their quinoa, even supplementing their diets with foods like pasta.The series of problems raises concerns about whether the satisfying act of buying fair trade - which aims to help small farmers gain 39 to higher-end consumers abroad - can do more harm than good for the poor in developing countries. “When you transform a food into a commodity, there’s 40 breakdown in social relations and high environmental cost,” says Tanya Kerssen, a food-policy analyst for the food and development institute Food First, based in Oakland, Calif.Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why College is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an 41 period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students do not 42 adult responsibilities.For previous generations, college was 43 break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, continued connections with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy, universities have 44 to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college need to be a time of 45 and experimentation. This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually and personally. 46 we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. 47 growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the 48 world is equally important. Because a college community (群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of 49 . If students rely on administrations to 50 their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity, within a larger and complex community.51 , the tendency for universities to monitor and 52 student behavior runs up against anothercharacteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined (规定), the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize many actually be 53 . It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood from at times of national emergence. What is lacking today is the54 between desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their home to be replacement homes and not places to experience growth. But every college discussion about community values, social climates and behavior should include 55 of the development importance of students autonomy and self-regulation.41. A. expanded B. educational C. expected D. extended42. A. suppose B. acknowledge C. assume D. experience43. A. hesitant B. decisive C. anxious D. superion44. A. give up B. give away C. give in D. give out45. A. instruction B. exploration C. reflections D. preparation46. A. When B. While C. Since D. If47. A. Intellectual B. Spiritual C. Logical D. Psychological48. A. adult B. virtual C. real D. social49. A. satisfaction B. duty C. belonging D. curiosity50. A. understand B. train C. protect D. regulate51. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Thus D. However52. A. change B. criticize C. shape D. motivate53. A. encouraged B. challenged C. agreed D. realized54. A. difference B. tension C. balance D. conflict55. A. observation B. recognition C. determination D. judgmentSection BDirections: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Some late Stone Age Europeans may have carried make-up inside miniature bottles worn around their necks or waists more than 6,000 yeas ago.Researchers have found traces of ingredients known to be used in cosmetic formulations (配方) by later civilizations inside small bottles unearthed in Slovenia, dating to between 4350 and 4100 B. C., more than 2,000 years earlier than previously thought. In 2014, Bine Kramberger at the Institute for the PCHS found a miniature ceramic bottle at an ancient site once occupied by people of the Lasinja culture in around 4350 B. C.. More than 100 similar bottles have also been found.Their purpose was unknown, but it is thought that some might have been children’s toys. Curiously, most of them have holes in their tiny handles or edges that archaeologists think people threaded string through, enabling them to beworn around the neck or waist. But Kramberger’s find was different because it contained a solid white substance. “It was clear that it had valuable information because in such old archaeological sites, we rarely find vessels that still retain remains of their former content,” he says.Long and thin stone tools were found near the bottle, which could have been used to extract (提炼) the substance within. Now, Kramberger and his colleagues have analysed the substance in the bottle and examined 13 others from the same period.The mystery material contained a while lead mineral called cerussite, while different lead minerals were identified in two other bottles. The three lead-containing bottles also had contents coming from beeswax inside.The bottles’ contents could have been used for painting, says Kramberger. But he says it is more likely that they were cosmetics, because they contained common ingredients for such products known from later cultures. Cerussite powder was very popular among the ancient Greeks and Romans for skin whitening and remedies, despite its known toxicity (毒性).Gaydarska says the new study supports what archaeologists have long thought - “that the abilities and cultures of Neolithic people were far more sophisticated than they are often given credit for”.56. The small bottles unearthed in Slovenia might have been used for the following purposes except.A. decorating the wearsB. entertaining childrenC. storing some valuablesD. whitening the skin57. What is the substance contained in the bottles, according to Kramberger’s finding?A. Beeswax.B. Cerussite.C. Stone tools.D. White paint.58. What can we infer from the article?A. Cerussite powder was a perfect solution to skin problems for ancient Europeans.B. Hundreds of mysterious small bottles were unearthed in Slovenia in 2014.C. The cultures of Neolithic people were commonly believed to be easy and simple.D. The technology of extracting substances was already advanced in ancient times.59. Which one could be the best title for this article?A. Content analysis of the bottles found in SloveniaB. Europeans may have worn make-up in the Stone AgeC. People in ancient times had an eye for beautyD. Various reasons for ancient Europeans’ wearing make-up(B)Life was easier when it wasn’t so long: learn when you’re young, work while you’re able, then resign yourself to a slow period repose (休息) —and decline. But in the past century, scientific advancements have added decades to the average human life span, leaving a person’s timeline with a long, often aimless tail.Finding rewarding ways to fill these extra years - particularly in ways that emphasize social ties —is the best way to prolong them, research is finding. “The things that we understand now to be important for healthy longevity” —things like connecting with others, a positive outlook, making peace with getting older —“have been trivialized over the years by some scientists. We now know that shouldn’t be the case,” says Paul Irving, chairman of the Center for the Future of Aging at the Milken Institute, a think tank that studies older age. “One of the great opportunities weall have is to continue that search for meaning, that aspiration to do our most enjoyable and important work later in our lives.”Here are other strategies that may help you make the most of your extra years.EMBRACE TECHNOLOGYIt’s hard to beat face time, but Face Time (and the like) can also help older adults feel less alone, research shows. “I think a lot of work can be done to make the existing social networks more accommodating to older adults,” Irving says.WELCOME AGINGYour feelings about getting older might determine how well you age and even how well your brain holds up against Alzheimer’s. A team of researchers at Yale University found that when people who thought negatively about aging were simply primed to view it in a better light, they said they felt more positively about aging and even showed improvements in physical strength.SET GOALS, TAKE RISKSPlenty of research links a sense of purpose to longevity. But how do people search for a purpose if they don’t have one? Take an online course, volunteer, do anything new that challenges you. “The assumption that you should only do one thing in your life, to me, makes no sense,” says Irving.EXPECT THE BESTPeople with a positive outlook recover better after having a heart attack than those who are more pessimistic, a recent study shows. That’s partly because a hopeful attitude is linked to other healthy behaviors, like quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy diet. Optimism is also linked to fewer chronic illnesses, less depression and even a stronger immune response to bugs like the flu.60. What does Paul Irving mean by saying “that shouldn’t be the case” in Paragraph 2?A. Emphasizing social ties should not be dismissed by those scientists.B. Healthy longevity is not an appropriate case for scientists to focus on.C. It’s improper for scientists to belittle the things that are important for longevity.D. The things important for healthy long life are not proved scientifically.61. Which strategy mentioned in the article can help fight against Alzheimer’s disease?A. Being open to technology.B. Becoming an optimist.C. Having a positive attitude to wards aging.D. Setting a life purpose.62. Which of the following statements is true according to the article?A. A positive outlook contributes to quicker recovery and healthy behaviors.B. Doing one thing well in life makes extra years in life meaningful.C. Extra years should not be spent committing to enjoyable work.D. Technology promotes and strengthens old people’s social network.(C)Insects are disappearing. The world has 25 per cent fewer terrestrial insects now than in 1990. This includes those we rely on to pollinate our crops and clean our rivers. If we don’t solve this problem very soon, some species will disappear.There are many causes for the insect decline, but insecticides (杀虫剂) are a major part of the problem. Those used today are longer lasting and up to 10,000 times more toxic than some that were banned in the 1970s. Adding to the problem is that these pesticides are now applied to crops prophylactically (预防地) and used whether pests are present or not.Overall, the amount of pesticide applied to the land is decreasing, but this is a grossly misleading statistic. A recent paper found that, between 2005 and 2015, there was a 40 per cent reduction in the amount of pesticide applied to crops measured by weight. But because modem insecticides are so much more toxic, the global toxicity of treated land to pollinating insects has more than doubled in the same period.Governments and regulating agencies are aware of the problem, and some parts of the world have moved to ban the use of certain insecticides outdoors in an attempt to help bees survive. But the pesticides used instead are just as toxic.One often-touted approach is to use pesticide-free pest control methods. These varied techniques are gathered under the name of integrated pest management (IPM) and have been around for decades. They offer effective crop protection and include methods such as crop rotation and the use of natural predators. But their adoption has been incredibly slow, because spraying pesticides is viewed as an easier option. As a result, IPM methods are unfortunately seldom used todayNeither changing insecticides nor shifting to IPM is a quick fix. We argue instead that we need a subtle shift in focus, away from killing pests and towards protecting crops.By using the minimal dose we need to protect crops, we could reduce the amount of insecticide to a fraction of what is used today. Farmers would benefit from these changes. They would spend less money on pesticides and improve crop production by keeping health pollinator insects about. Reducing insecticide doses won’t solve the insect decline problem but it is a move that could win us time to make food production more sustainable and reconcile (使和谐) farmlands and the natural ecosystems we crucially depend on. And that will allow insects to recover.63. According to the passage, which of the statements is NOT true about the insect decline?A. Currently-used pesticides are much more toxic than before.B. Pesticides have played a key role in reducing the number of insects.C. The amount of pesticides used is much more than before.D. The toxicity in pesticides lasts longer than before.64. Which of the following can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?A. broadly-publicizedB. recently-createdC. frequently-criticizedD. generally-proved65. What is the best way to treat the insect decline?A. To protect crops rather than killing out insects.B. To raise large-scale natural predators of insects.C. To search and develop new pesticides.D. To shift to the IPM pesticide-controlling method.66. What is the best title for this passage?A. Insects control - there is still a long way to goB. Insects decline! Take measures right nowC. New findings in the field of insects controlD. Shift in pesticide use could help insects recoverSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.It’s Never Too Late to Pursue a DreamSix weeks before his 97th birthday, Giuseppe Paterno fulfilled the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree. “Don’t get lost because you find obstacles —because there will always be obstacles,” Mr. Patero told reporters after he graduated with honors last week from the University of Palermo, where he received a degree in history and philosophy. “You have to be strong.”67. ______ It is partly because of his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has resonated (引起共鸣) as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere face extraordinary uncertainty amid the coronavirus pandemicBorn in Palenmo in 1923, the first of seven children in a ‘very poor family’, 68. ______ It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books.“69. ______ You can remain young —if not in age at least in spirit —if you cultivate interests,” said Rossella Cancila, his thesis adviser and a professor of history at the University of Palermo.Italy’s university system is based on a three-year degree, followed by a two-year master’s course. 70. ______ He isn’t so sure. “I have to confess that in this moment, I don’t know whether I would cope with it with the same spirit,” he said, noting that all the attention had been a bit tiring. Still, Mr. Paterno said, he would probably enroll anyway. “I want to keep my option open.”Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.”In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributes comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast variety ofwell-tried technique already existed —natural cooling, drying smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...What refrigeration did promote was marketing —marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house —while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself. Invest a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you will get rid of that terrible hum.Ⅳ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我总是对那些在我失意时安慰我的人心存感激.（grateful）73. 许多住大都市里奋斗的人向往慢节奏生活的乐趣.（long）74. 这家以牛排为特色的饭店很受欢迎，顾客至少要提前两周预定.（feature）75. 这部最近上映的电影旨在唤起公众对于边防军人的关注，他们冒着生命危险，不惜一切代价捍卫国家尊严. (concern)Ⅳ. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题，现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重.请阅读下面的漫画，按要求写一篇文章.内容要求：描述漫画内容：分析漫画所揭示的问题；提出你的看法答案l. the most visited 2. Despite 3. has evolved 4. to have originated 5. them 6. what7. dates 8. nothing 9. can 10. beyond选词填空31. J 32. K 33. G 34. C 35. I36. H 37. D 38. E 39. F 40. A完形填空41-45 DCBCB 46-50 BADCD 51-55 BCADB阅读理解(A) 56-50 CBCB(B) 60-62 CCA(C) 63-66 CAAD(D) 67-70 DCBF翻译72. I am always grateful to those who care for me when I am in low spirits.73. Many people who struggle in big cities are longing to enjoy the pleasure of a slow-paced life.74. The restaurant which features steaks is so popular that the customers have to reserve a table at least two weeks ahead.75. The recently-released movie is intended to the public’s attention about the border soldiers, who risk/take the risk of their lives to defend national dignity at all costs.。

高三英语上学期开学考试9月试题(共26页)

外国语2021届高三英语上学期开学(kāi xué)考试〔9月〕试题〔考试时间是是：120 分钟试卷满分是：150 分〕考前须知：1.答卷前，所有考生必须将本人的姓名、准考证号填写上在答题卡上。

2.答题时，必须将答案写在答题卡上，写在套本套试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3.在在考试完毕之后以后，将本套试卷和答题卡一起交回。

第一局部听力〔一共两节，满分是 30 分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容完毕以后，你将有两分钟的时间是将试卷上之答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节〔一共 5 小题；每一小题 1.5 分，满分是 7.5 分〕听下面 5 短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的 A、B、C 三个选项里面选出最正确选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间是来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.1 . What will the woman donext?A. Make a phone call.B. Wait for Mr. Brown.C. Fix a meetingtime.2When will the woman have the party?.A. On the 11th.B. On the 21st.C. On the 27th.3. Who taught the man toswim?A. His teacher.B. His father.C. His friend.4. How does the man feel about being a photographer?A. Stressed.B. Tired.C. Pleased.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. An exam.B. Homework.C. A story.第二节〔一共 15 小题；每一小(yī xiǎo)题 1.5 分，满分是 22.5 分〕听下面 5 段对话或者独白，每段对话或者独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项里面选出最正确选项。

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2025届高三上学期入学考试英语试题及答案

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期入学考试第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分50 分)第一节 (共15 小题: 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B 、C 和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

AFour of the world’s greatest national parksKomodoLocation: IndonesiaArea: 1,733km²Home to the world’s largest lizard ( 蜥蜴), the Komodo dragon, Komodo National Park is made up of 29 islands in the centre of the Indonesian archipelago (群岛). The park’s three main islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar make ideal destinations for divers, as the surrounding coral reefs support a vast amount of oceanic diversity. With over 1,000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more.Namib-NaukluftLocation: NamibiaArea: 49,768km²In the world’s oldest desert, the landscape moves. The golden dunes (沙丘) shift as winds blow and seasons pass. Visitors come to explore the dunes and it can be a real adventure. Jump in a 4×4 or hike across the sands on foot for a multi-day trail and you’ll soon find yourself deep in the Namibian wilderness. You’ll need a permit and doctor's letter to take on the longer hikes, but one-day hikes give anyone a chance to see more of the Namib.TongariroLocation: New ZealandArea: 795km²As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes. And here’s the Tongariro Alpine Crossing, a 19.4-kilometre hike that takes you across beautiful landscapes. This park also draws in skiers during the winter seasons. The biggest ski area, Whakapapa, covers 5.5km² and has 15 lifts in all.TeideLocation: Tenerife, SpainArea: 190km²This park is home to Mount Teide, the highest peak in Spain. With a height of 3,718 metres, Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. Besides, Teide National Park possesses unique plants. The most unusual among the 139 recorded species is red bugloss, which has become the symbol of the park.21. What can visitors do in Komodo National Park?A. Play with the Komodo dragon.B. Go diving on its 29 islands.C. Have an up-close encounter with ocean life.D. Hike across the biggest ski area Whakapapa.22. Which of the following parks is the biggest?A. Teide National Park.B. Komodo National Park.C. Tongariro National Park.D. Namib-Naukluft National Park.23. What do the last two parks have in common?A. Both are well-known for their volcanoes.B. Both own more than 100 plant species.C. Both are perfect choices for skiers.D. Both feature golden dunes.BLindsey Stallworth, a high school student from Alabama, is on her way to a promising career in paleontology (古生物学) due to an unexpected discovery on family property. For years, she had been collecting fossils on their land in Monroe County, unaware of significant scientific value. However, her teacher at the Alabama School of Math and Science, Dr. Andrew Gentry, a paleontologist himself, took an interest when she showed him her collection.“Upon examining the fossil shark teeth Lindsey presented, I quickly identified one and became eager to learn about its origin,” said Andrew.Lindsey guided her teacher through the rural area where she had unearthed various relics, including shark teeth. Before long, they encountered an especially significant find on the grounds: a large bone from a 34-million-year-old whale skeleton! This led the pair to launch the huge project of uncovering the rest of the bones. After two months of hard work, they’ve managed to find the animal’s skull (颅骨).“Assuming the entire skeleton is present, it may require several years for us to have the entire animal back in the lab,” Andrew explained.Lindsey secured a research scholarship to persist in her fossil-digging expeditions alongside her instructor. Her enthusiasm for the project was at an all-time high, though she had never imagined a childhood pastime would lead her down this road. “We would go out and pick up shark teeth and fossil shells, but we never knew anyone that could tell us anything about them,” she recalled.“ We just thought they were cool.”“The Research Fellows Program allows Lindsey to gain real-world experience in scientific research and even present that research at professional conferences,” Andrew said. “It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for a high school student to stand out when applying to college and maybe even discover a new career path.”24. Why was Andrew fascinated by Lindsey’s finds?A. He had a personal interest in geography.B. He recognized the significance of one fossil.C. He was hoping to be financially independent.D. He wanted to start a paleontology club at school.25. What inspired Andrew and Lindsey to start a fossil uncovering project?A. A primitive whale’s bone.B. Some fossil shells.C. An animal’s skull.D. Some shark teeth.26. Which of the following best describes Andrew and Lindsey’s project?A. Risky but interesting.B. Dangerous but rewarding.C. Demanding but motivating.D. Boring but groundbreaking.27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The unexpected joy of discovering fossils.B. The additional benefits of applying to college.C. Lindsey’s potential to become a high school teacher.D. Lindsey’s unique opportunities for future development.CWhen driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car, known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention (介入) from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self- driving cars.Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器 ). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard, people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software driver really can be safer than a human being.From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging (炫耀的) rights away?28. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do?A. Market Porsche cars.B. Improve an AI technology.C. Learn to be a responsible driver.D. Enjoy riding in a self- driving car.29. What is the problem with self- driving cars?A. They learn as slowly as human beings.B. They have to be monitored by human drivers.C. They operate for a very short period of time.D. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level.30. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing?A. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles.B. Re-creating road situations on a test track.C. Enabling software to identify road dangers.D. Separating the real world from the virtual world.31. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph?A. The quality of self-driving cars.B. The future of the sports car market.C. The driving skills of human beings.D. The reliability of car software.DImagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky”but the generator returns an image of an egg instead.What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”.What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意地) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement ( 侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade”to fight back against unauthorised image scraping. The tool works by slightly changing an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unchanged to ahuman’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”.This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg.The higher the number of “poisoned”images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned”images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned”image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected.Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned”images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit.Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.32. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Facilitating.B. Polishing.C. Damaging.D. Collecting.33. According to the text, what may adding poisoned data lead to?A. Affecting the training of generative AI.B. Discriminating against great masterpieces.C. Causing users to forget the prompt key words.D. Increasing the accuracy of returned information.34. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. Computer scientists have learned to respect the copyright of most artists.B. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces.C. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights.D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest.35. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering ArtistsB. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data TrainingC. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among ArtistsD. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市黄浦区名校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷(含解析)

上海市黄浦区名校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Imagine for a moment that your unborn child has a rare genetic disorder. Not (21) _________ at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia or cystic fibrosis, but rather a condition (22) _________ (bury) deep within the medical dictionary. Adrenoleukodys trophy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.Would you, when your child is born, want to know about it If effective treatments were available, you probably would. But if not If the outcome were fatal, would your interest in knowing about it depend on whether your newborn had five years of life (23) _________ (look) forward to, or ten Or 30Today these questions are mostly hypothetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disorders are seldom noticed at birth. They manifest（显现）themselves only gradually, and often with unpredictable severity. But that may soon change. Twenty years after the first human genome (24) _________ (map), the price of whole-genome sequencing has fallen to a point (25) _________ it could, in rich countries at least, be offered routinely to newborns. Parents will then have to decide exactly how much they want to know.Early diagnosis brings with it the possibility of early treatment. Moreover, sequencing the genomes of newborns could offer a lifetime of returns. A patient's genome may reveal (26) _________ drugs will work best in his or her particular case for conditions such as ADHD, depression and bined with information about someone's way of life, it could highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardiovascular disease, leading to better preventive measures. A database of genomes, (27) _________ (match) to living people, would be a benefit to medical research. The fruits of that research, in turn, would make those genomes more useful to their owners as time goes on.Such a powerful new technology create new dangers. Widespread screening for thousands of potentially harmful genes may be counterproductive: some results may worry parents unnecessarily, because some genetic variations, (28) _________ occasionally indicative of disease, are not strongly so. Parents may not want to unlock all the secrets that their newborn's genome might reveal. Some may indeed prefer not to know about conditions that cannot be treated. Adult-onset illnesses pose a different dilemma - a reasonable position is that it (29) _________ be up to the children themselves, once grown, to decide whether they want to look at their genomic information. A further concern is that data will not be kept secure, and may be leaked or otherwise misused (30) _________ some point in the future.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(B)A. includingB. urgentC. featuresD. targetsE. lengthsF. chasingG. accusedH. commandsI. fedJ. restockK. collectingPokemon Stickers Are Back for Koreans Nostalgic（怀旧的）for ChildhoodSmall pastries include a surprise sticker, and the goal is to find all 159 varieties -- just like a trend more than 20 years ago.Jeong Bo-ram's new fascination has him __31__ mass-produced pastries（糕点）, delivery trucks and his childhood memories. His __32__ are $1.20 bakery items sold with random Pokemon stickers that fly off store shelves in South Korea.Just a few short of a full 159-sticker collection, 29-year-old Mr. Jeong has gone to more than 10 convenience stores and supermarkets a day, often leaving empty-handed. He has paid hundreds of dollars. He has learned the evening __33__ times throughout his neighborhood to know when fresh drop-offs occur.More than two decades ago, the Pokemon sticker-treat duo caught on with a generation of South Korean children, before the craze passed after a few years and the products were discontinued. Now the goodies are back just in time for the country's broader retro boom, __34__ by adults nostaglic for simpler times.South Koreans are going to great __35__ to live out the Pokemon tagline of "Gotta catch 'em al," with some __36__ the stickers in display booklets. Pokemon, originally a Japanese game for the Nintendo Game Boy that __37__ hundreds of monster characters, has expanded into globally popular animated series, toys and video-games, __38__ the recent hit Pokemon Go for smartphones.Retailers have posted signs on their entrances that read, "We have no Pokemon bread," while some store owners are __39__ of bundling the in-demand pastries with unpopular items. Hunters camp outside supermarkets early in the morning. The rarest of stickers, such as that of the legendary characters Mew（梦幻）and Mewtwo （超梦）, fetch $40 online. A full collection __40__ more than $700, the listings show. Actual children also try to find the stickers, but adults are using their greater resources for the hunt.Ko Hyo-jin shrieked when she ripped open a package of "Diglett Strawberry Custard Bread" recently and discovered inside a sticker of Mewtwo - a two-legged monster shown extending its paw. She immediately dialed up her husband. "It felt like winning the lottery," said the 39-year-old homemaker in the Seoul Suburbs.The nostalgic chase has been embraced by young adults facing Korea's stagnant economy, soaring real-estate prices and a tight labor market.III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Do You Know You're Not in the MatrixAt the heart of the philosophy of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas（阿奎那）is theidea that we come into contact with reality through the senses. But what if our senses are not a(n) (41) _________ source Perhaps our senses are deceiving us, and everything we perceive isn't real but is an illusion like in the movie The Matrix.This (42) _________ of sense knowledge was part of Rene Descartes's（笛卡尔）methodic doubt, which many radical（激进的）skeptics have adopted. Descartes argued: whatever I have up till now accepted as most true I have acquired either from the senses or through the senses. But I have found that the senses may deceive me (43) _________, and it is sensible never to trust completely those who have deceived us even once. And one example Descartes gives as evidence is the fact that objects at a distance look smaller than what they are.But this is not deception. The sense of sight is reporting (44) _________ what it perceives. As D. Q. McInerny（麦克伦尼）says, "This is the sense of sight functioning just as it should, in order to give me a proper knowledge of (45) _________". Only when one made the judgement that "the man is small and then becomes big" world (46) _________ come in. Truth and falsity do not (47) _________ sensory perception but the fact of judging that perception.Another (48) _________ with Descartes's reason for doubting sensory perception is that he relies on only one sensory power. It's often the case that in order to test whether one sense is deceiving us, we must (49) _________ another sense.To use an example that many radical skeptics do to justify their doubt of sense knowledge. I may perceive the stick (50) _________ immersed in water as crooked （弯曲）. How do I determine whether what I perceive is actually the case I pick up the stick. When I do so, I judge the stick is actually (51) _________. But in order to make a correct judgment about the stick, I use another sensory power -- namely, (52) _________ -- that I must trust in order to make the proper judgment.With regard to Descartes's example, in order to make a sound judgment about the (53) _________ of the man walking up the street, Descartes would have to make contact with him through the sense of touch and measure him, which requires trust in sense knowledge.However, Descartes's recognition of the man's small stature（身高）as (54) _________ presupposes his trust in his previous sensory experience of the man's tall stature. As Ralph McInerny notes, "Descartes must trust his senses in order to challenge them." So, if it's reasonable to trust sense knowledge, and the senses put us into contact with the (55) _________ world, then we can have greater certainty that what we perceive is objectively real.41. A. external B. primary C. reliable D. alternative42. A. disbelief B. application C. branch D. command43. A. in no case B. out of nowhere C. by all means D. now and then44. A. accurately B. independently C. accidentally D. considerately45. A. philosophy B. distance C. nature D. life46. A. analysis B. error C. change D. reflection47. A. lead to B. serve as C. identify with D. lie in48. A. problem B. consideration C. advantage D. perspective49. A. abandon B. regain C. sharpen D. employ50. A. barely B. wrongly C. partially D. completely51. A. hollow B. straight C. thick D. bent52. A. smell B. sight C. touch D. taste53. A. size B. status C. age D. weight54. A. scientific B. unusual C. reasonable D. horrifying55. A. imaginary B. private C. contemporary D. outsideSection BDirections: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Be a Better Traveler in the Over-tourism EraTravel has become as accessible as McDonald's, reaching a new high as global tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion last year. In 1995, global arrivals numbered only 525 million.As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known. I'm also happy for the retailers, hoteliers, museum keepers and others who have benefited financially from the tourism boom.I can't help but wonder, though, what we are actually seeing as we travel these days. More people are travelling, but many are visiting the same places. Is a forest of selfie sticks what I wanted to show my daughter at the Louvre When was the last time I set food on Prague's main square without being elbowed a dozen times Is a trip to Barcelona complete if you have to avoid every famous location for fear of being trampled（踩踏）Cities can not do much about this -- they can't very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular. Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn't be just for the rich, and it'll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.So what should travelers do Stay home That's unlikely. But if you are heading for some of the world's most popular destinations, rethink your bucket list（愿望清单）. You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination. Don't fall victim to what people call "selfie culture" and "bucket list culture". Treat the destination as you would do to your own home -- not as a "hidden gem" that you throw money at to get certain experience you feel entitled to.56. Which of the following is NOT the cause of the drop in travelling costs according to the authorA. The rise of discount airlines.B. The freedom to choose transportC. The popularization of mobile devices.D. The appearances of and Airbnb.57. According to the passage, why might some people oppose raising the cost of air travelA. It would result in a decrease in airport security.B. It would lead to fewer people travelling overall.C. It would hurt the residents of tourism-dependent cities.D. It would encourage a "bucket list culture."58. What does the author mean by saying "Cities can not do much about this"A. Facing the trouble of over-tourism, cities lack feasilbe measure.B. Those cities as famous tourist destinations are not only for the rich.C. Cities with over-tourism can't deal with protests among travelers.D. Cities with over-tourism can stop people making trips there.59. What should people do to be a better traveler in the over-tourism eraA. Set on a journey at an on-peak time.B. Avoid visiting an iconic siteC. Raise the cost of air travel.D. Be willing to explore new sites.(B)Teacher burnout（倦怠）and student stress may be linked, according to a University of British Columbia study. The study is the first of its kind to examine the connection between teacher burnout and students' cortisol levels（皮质醇水平）, which are a biological indicator of stress.Researchers collected saliva samples from over 400 elementary school children and tested their cortisol levels. They found that in classrooms in which teachers experienced more burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion, students' cortisol levels were elevated. Higher cortisol levels in elementary school children have been linked to learning difficulties as well as mental health problems."This suggests that stress spreading might be taking place in the classroom among students and their teachers," said Eva Oberle, the study's lead author. Indeed, the relationship between student stress and teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question. It is unknown what came first - elevated cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the connection between student and teacher stress a cyclical problem in the classroom.Oberle said a stressful classroom climate could be a result of inadequate support for teachers, which may impact teachers' ability to effectively manage their students. A poorly managed classroom can contribute to students' needs not being met and increasing stress. This could be reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students. Alternatively, stress could originate from students, who may be more challenging to teach because of increases in anxiety, behavioral problems, or special needs. In this situation, teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher levels of burnout. "Our study is a reminder of the systemic issues facing teachers and educators as classroom sizes increase and supports for teachers are cut," said Oberle."It is clear from a number of recent research studies that teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and that teachers need adequate resources and support in their jobs in order to battle burnout and relieve stress in the classroom," said UBCeducation professor Kimberly Schonert-Reichl, the study's co-author and director of HELP. "If we do not support teachers, we risk the collateral damage（附带损伤）of students."60. Paragraph 4 and paragraph 5 are intended to make it clear that _________.A. teacher burnout is the cause of the elevated cortisol levels in studentsB. the connection between students and teacher stress is a cyclical problemC. students with higher stress level are more likely to have learning difficultiesD. students' behavioral problems contribute to teacher's higher level of burnout61. According to the writer, many British teachers face the problem that _________.A. teachers are not well trained to deal with students' problemsB. teachers' income increases but teaching resources are cutC. there are more students in each class and less support for teachersD. there is a widening gap between students' need and teachers' ability62. Which is the best title for the passageA. How to Relieve Stress in the ClassB. Teacher burnout, avoidable or notC. The Most Stressful Profession in the WorldD. Students Stress and Teacher Burnout: A chicken and egg question.(C)In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic（官僚主义的）management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-equipped factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, seemingly because they might find themselves out of a job or they would say that they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. In fact, they feel desperate as they live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century "free enterprise" capitalism Certainly not. Problems are neversolved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of all love and of reason --are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.63. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery", the author expresses the idea that man is _________.A. an essential part of society though individual's function is negligibleB. expected to work in reasonable harmony with the rest of societyC. a replaceable component of society, though functioning smoothlyD. responsible for the smooth running of society and business operations64. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _________.A. they are filled with well-founded fear of being unemployedB. they don't have any genuine satisfaction or being unemployedC. they have to face the fundamental realities of human existenceD. they are deprived of their independence65. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those who _________.A. hold well-paid and life-long jobsB. enjoy high social status and reputationC. outperform their fellow-competitorsD. stay away from over-competitiveness66. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _________.A. resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB. offer higher wages to workers and employeesC. enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD. escape consumerism and embrace humanismSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But the ultimate issue with the rankings doesn't lie with the cheaters.B. In fact, it can have the unacceptable effect of discouraging college from accepting more low-income students, lest it worsen their graduation rates.C. For example, a much less expensive school might offer an equal or better education than a more highly ranked but costlier one.D. But many other factors used in ranking the schools still have little meaning to a student's experience.E. The most selective schools --Princeton, MIT and so forth --don't need rankings to boost their reputation or applicant pool.F. Even as they do so, the criticisms of published college rankings that may have guided their preferences are increasing.College rankings are misleading. So why do we still use themMany high school seniors have been opening emails over the past weeks that tell them whether they got into the colleges of their choice. _________67_________A math professor at Columbia University is challenging the data that the Ivy League school reported to U. S. News & World Report , which earned it the No. 2 ranking this year. A couple of weeks ago, in what must be the granddaddy of fake-data scandals, the fired dean of Temple University's business school received a 14-month sentence after he was convicted in federal court of sending fake information to U. S. News & World Report to boost the school's prestige. Claremont McKenna College, The George Washington University and many other schools have also tweaked data to boost rankings._________68_________ The problem is the rankings themselves. They can be a counterproductive way for families to pick schools. Probably few college applicants are aware that the single biggest factor U. S. News uses to rank schools is their reputation among officials at other colleges, who might or might not have deep knowledge of the schools. That accounts for 20% of the score.The second biggest factor is six-year graduation rates. But since low-income students are far less likely to graduate within that time period -- or ever -- than middle-class students, this is more an indication of student affluence than academic excellence. _________69_________U. S. News had made some positive changes in recent years. It dropped student acceptance rate as one of the criteria, which had led colleges to heavily market to students even if they had almost no chance of acceptance. _________70_________ The rankings use alumni donations as a proxy（指标）for students' happiness with their school. That's a pretty meager way to measure satisfaction.What most high school students and parents really need to know is whether a college offers a rich choice of courses with good instructors; whether graduates will leave with a load of debt; whether students will feel comfortable and engaged on campus; and whether they'll be prepared for a fulfilling career.第II卷I. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To Be a Creative PersonWithout creative people, the world would be a terrible place. Can you imagine a life without art The thought alone makes me tremble. Could you be the next William Shakespeare, Steven Spielberg, or J. K. Rowling The key lies in obtaining a creative personality.Creative types don't always get along well with management because they would rather march to the beat of their own drum. Most people have a strong desire to fit in, something that you don't understand. Following the rules makes you uncomfortable. While most people are running and hiding from problems, you purposely seek them because you love nothing more than a fresh new challenge. You wrote a blog many months ago and thought it was wonderful at the time you published it. But then you read it again later and wonder, "What on earth was I thinking " You then identify approximately a thousand ways it could have been betterand kick yourself for being so stupid. A brain lacking curiosity is not creative.Some writers go to a country house or beach to write novels for a reason. Some atmospheres are more helpful to creativity than others. Maybe you like to pack up your laptop and go to a coffee shop, downtown bench, or under a tree at the park. Whatever the case may be, you need to know where to go to develop your creativity. Inspiration doesn't happen on its own. Whether it is the opening of an art gallery, a theatrical production, or live music at a downtown bar, you search for inspiration wherever you can find it.It's nice to know you're not alone in your desire to create. However, whether a person who hates you thinks your art is bad, a family member thinks you deserve a real job, or a friend thinks your ideas will never work, you will never give in to outside pressure.II. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗？(sense)2. 有些地方因空气污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病，医生也束手无策。

湖北省2023届高三上学期9月起点考试英语试题答案及解析

2023届高三（9月）起点考试英语参考答案听力1-5BACAC6-10CBABC11-15ABCCA16-20BACAB阅读理解21-23BCD24-27ADCA28-31DDBC32-35ACBB36-40GCBFA完形填空41-45BADCA46-50BDBCA51-55ACBCD语法填空56.which此处考查非限制性定语从句。

根据句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句关系代词，它在句中作主语，在非限制性定语从句中关系词用which。

57.gradually此处考查词性转换。

此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词opened,故应填gradually,意为“逐渐地”。

58.designed此处考查非谓语动词。

designed to host competitions做定语修饰Those，主语those与动词design为被动关系，因此此处应填动词-ed形式designed。

59.is anticipated此处考查谓语动词。

根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少谓语动词，it is anticipated that据希望，此处应填is anticipated。

60.varieties此处考查名词复数。

本句中varieties of表示“各种各样的”，此处应填variety的复数形式。

61.in此处考查介词。

in a...manner表示以…的方式，此处应填in。

62.an此处考查冠词。

“establish an operation and maintenance team”意为建立一个操作和维护小组。

63.to ensure此处考查非谓语动词。

此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了确保”。

句意“to ensure that the venue will meet the requirements of the Asian Games”确保场馆将会满足亚运会的要求。

64.emphasizes此处考查谓语动词。

根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少谓语动词，“The opening of the venues and facilities”做主语，此处谓语用单数形式。

2022届高三上学期秋季开学联考试题 (英语)

浙江省2021~2022学年高三百校秋季开学联考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What's the man’s suggestion for Mary's birthday?A. Buying a birthday gift.B. Holding a surprise Patty.C. Asking Mary to choose a birthday gift herself.2. what does the man mean?A. The woman can borrow their favorite books.B. The woman can t bring the reference books outC, The woman can’t borrow books from the library.3. How does the man like the jacket?A. He thinks it is quite nice.B. He thinks it is very cheap.C. He thinks it is a bit expensive.4. When did the man get home last night?A. At 11:20.B. At 11:30C. At 12:005. What is the woman going to do?A. Buy a new sun lamp.B. Have the sun lamp repaired.C, Exchange the sun lamp for a new one.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独自后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

山东省实验中学高三下学期开学考试英语试题(原卷版)

3.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From sleep machines to Al-controlled house cleaning robots, a wide variety of advanced technologies and products are being exhibited at the 4th China International Import Expo (CIIE) in Shanghai. Here are some products you don’t want to miss.
Electric bicycle Brina 2
For many people,a daily commute (通勤) is often a source of headache. Emove Inc, an exhibitor from Argentina, has presented electric bicycle Brina 2 as a solution. Running on long-ange batteries, the e-bike has a maximum speed of 25 miles per hour. Almost all the components are designed within the carbon fiber frame. Its scientific design makes the ride more stable and comfortable than other conventional e-bikes.

高三英语试题与解析-湖北省新高考联考协作体2025届高三上学期开学考试+英语答案

2024年高三9月起点考试高三英语试卷参考答案第一部分听力1-20 CCBAA BCBCB BACAB ACACB21-23 CBC 24-27 CCAB 28-31 AACC 32-35 CCBA 36-40 GABDF41-55 ABCDC BAACD BDCAB第二节参考答案：56. reds 57. to 58. stillness 59. where 60. had been61. what/whatever 62. respectively 63. curiosity 64. arose 65. creating第四部分写作【参考范文】第一节Dear Editor,I hope this message finds you well. I would like to express my enthusiasm for the English Culture Festival that concluded recently. The events were not only engaging but also a vibrant showcase of our school’s multicultural spirit.I am particularly impressed by the “International Food Fair” activity. It was a creative blend of culture and cuisine that allowed us to taste and appreciate dishes from around the world. The activity developed a sense of community and broadened our horizons, making it my top recommendation.Looking forward to more such enriching experiences in the future.Best regards,Li Hua 第二节From that day on, I didn’t talk to Alex. Each day at school, I navigated the hallways with a new route, avoiding the places he frequented. The shared excitement that once connected us was replaced by a painful silence. Alex tried to do something to mend it. One day, he even left me a note, trying to comfort me. But I looked at him coldly, “Leave me alone.” I knew I was hurting him, but the sting of rejection was too fresh, and I couldn’t find the words to bridge the gap.Finally, Mom talked with me, saying Alex wasn’t the one to blame. She reminded me that success and failure were parts of life’s journey. “You should have congratulated your friend on this instead of feeling pitiful for yourself,” she said seriously. It suddenly struck me that how unfairly I treated Alex. Seized by guilt, I followed mom’s advice and left Alex a note, expressing my feelings—not as an apology, but as a step towards healing and rebuilding our bond. It was time to face my fears and embrace the reality that our friendship could weather this storm.第二部分阅读A【语篇导读】本文是一篇招聘广告。

高三英语秋季入学诊断(问卷)9月-11月

入学诊断高三英语问卷注意事项: 本试卷满分100分，诊断时间40分钟一、语法填空（每小题3分，共30分）Felicity Miller, a 32-year-old British woman, __1__ has a Chinese husband, still remembers the __2__ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015. She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese family's group. The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the __3__ (high) amount sent the next.Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners __4__ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. Usually, the money in each packet is random. Thus the amount of money one can grab __5__ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more familiar __6__ Chinese culture through “red packets”．Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the __7__ (hide) meanings. Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesn't stop people sending paper red packets __8__ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival. It __9__ (call) lucky money. In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as __10__ blessing.二、阅读理解（每小题5分，共20分）It was a cold night in Washington, D．C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me. He asked me for some money so he could get something to eat. I'd read the signs: “Don't give money to beggars.” So I shook my head and kept walking.I wasn't prepared for a reply, but he s aid, “I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat！” But I kept on walking.The incident bothered me for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a freezing cold night, I still assumed the worst of a fellow human being.Flying back to Anchorage, I couldn't help thinking of him. I tried to seek excuses for my failure to help by assuming government agencies, churches and charities were there to feed him. Besides, you're not supposed to give money to beggars.Somewhere over Seattle, I started to write my weekly garden column for The Anchorage Daily News. Out of the blue, I came up with an idea. Bean's Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry Alaskans every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their gardens devoted to Bean's?Before long my idea took off. People would fax me or call when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers donated them. Food for the spirit. And relief for my conscience.As more and more people started working with the Plant a Row concept, many companies gave free seeds to customers and displayed the logo, which also arose in national gardening publications. Row markers with the Plant a Row logo were distributed to gardeners to set apart their “Row for the Hungry”．It is unexpected that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America —and we're seventy million strong —plants one row for the hungry, we can lower the number of neighbors who don't have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty about abandoning a hungry man I could have helped.1. Why did the author turn down the beggar's request?A. He was previously reminded not to do so.B. He was eager to march back to the hotel.C. He thought that it was beyond his duty.D. He was short of money at that moment.2. Which of the following is the closest to the underlined phrase “took off” (Paragraph 6)?A. We eventually took off at 11 o'clock and landed in Seattle safely.B. To take off pounds, you have to cut down the number of calories.C. On hearing the news, he took off at once and headed back to the hotel.D. His business has really taken off owing to his advanced management.3. What did the author do after the beggar's incident?A. He felt guilty but couldn't help him.B. He started a project to help the hungry.C. He ran a blue kitchen to supply the hungry with soup.D. He still supposed it was unwise to give money to beggars.4. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Plant a Row for the HungryB. Lend a Hand to BeggarsC. Never Hesitate to Help OthersD. Plan a Gardening Project三、七选五（每小题4分，共20分）The key to living a happy lifeResearch has shown that being happy does not rely on material possessions or high-flying achievements.__1__ If you want to improve your life and the level of happiness，there are some simple ways.__2__Always look for the light at the end of the tunnel (隧道)．Avoid seeing things in a negative way. To lead a happy life the glass should always be half full and not half empty. People who think this tend to be happier.You need to realize that money does not provide a happy life. Money can provide you with a more comfortable life. Of course you should make enough money to meet your basic needs such as food，shelter and clothing.__3__Some lottery (彩票) winners have stated that winning the lottery did not make them happier，and in fact it brought about more problems.Make sure that you keep in touch with your family and friends.__4__Isolating (孤立) yourself from people will only lead to unhappiness.__5__Unfortunately many people think that a job change will have a positive effect on their happiness，but in fact it can cause stress. If you have a positive view on your present work，you will make the best of your job and feel a sense of fulfillment (满足)．A. Work hard to get more in return.B. Be happy with your present job.C. You need to train yourself to be more optimistic.D. Socializing and spending time with those we love helps us to lead a happy life.E. Therefore, try to make more money to feel happier than those who earn less than you.F. However, any money that you make beyond that will not always make you feel happier.G. Instead, it depends on our view about life and the relationships we have with people around.四、短文改错（每小题3分，满分30分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

重庆一中秋期高三上入学测试英语卷

2020-2021学年重庆一中秋期高三上入学测试英语卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
When people find out that the product they bought is unsatisfying or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims , the first step is to present the warranty , or any other records which might help , at the store of purchase . In most cases , this action will produce results . However , if it does not , there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction . A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager . In general , the “ higher up ” his or her complaint , the faster he or she can expect it to be settled . In such a case , it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor , assuming he or she has a just claim . Consumers should complain in person whenever possible , but if they cannot get to the place of purchase , it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter .

四川省棠湖中学2021届高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2021年秋四川省棠湖中学高三开学考试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirtA. £.B. £.C. £.答案是C。

is the woman going to do this eveningA. Go to dinnerB. Visit her sisterC. Go to the airport.supports human cloningA. The womanB. LucyC. The mandoes the man think of Zhao BenshanA. RichB. WiseC. Funnydoes the man meanA. The woman can use his pen.B. He is reading a book.C. He will buy a pen for the womanare the speakers talking aboutA. Using English in everyday life.B. Learning a foreign language.C. Making a piece of cake.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。

浙江省2021届高三英语上学期开学考试试题(含解析)

浙江省2021届高三英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）考生须知：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字；3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。

第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What did the man send to the woman for her birthday?A.A ring.B.A dress.C.A necklace.2.Why did the man dislike the shoes?A.They were ugly.B.They were cheap.C.They were uncomfortable.3.What are the speakers probably doing?A.Driving a car.B.Riding a bike.C.Walking outside.4.What might the man use for the sweet bread?A.Pears.B.Apples.C.Bananas.5.What is the woman concerned about?A.India's population.B.The older generation.C.The survival of animals.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

高三英语8月(开学)考试试题高三全册英语试题

领兑市安插阳光实验学校金中学秋季学期8月月考高三英语试题本试题卷共8页，四72小题。

全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

★祝考试顺利★第一听力(共两节, 满分30分)回答听力时,请先将答案标在试卷上。

听力结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15B. £ 9.15C. £ 9.18答案是 B。

1. Where did the girl’s mother get some oranges?A. From the fruit store.B. From her aunt’s house.C. From the farmer’s market.2. What time is it now? A. 8:40. B. 8:55. C. 9:00.3. What does the man mean?A. The woman has put on weight.B. The woman should go for a dinner.C. The woman should buy a new skirt.4. How will the woman deal with her bicycle?A. She will leave it in the apartment.B. She will give it to the man for free.C. She will sell it to the man at a low price5. What did the woman do last night?A. She stayed at home.B. She went to a party.C. She saw a doctor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。