四大发明简介(中英文版本)
四大发明简介(中英文版本)
China Ancient Four InventionsCompass, gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɔɡrəfi], is China ancient['einʃənt]four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd]country, occupy['ɔkjupai]the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zeiʃən].罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术,是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
1. Compass指南针The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mæɡnitizəm] in the long-term practice.指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。
Because of productive labor['leibə], people have found the characteristic[,kærəktə'ristik]of the magnet['mæɡnit] pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.由于生产劳动,人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。
四大发明叙述文英语作文
四大发明叙述文英语作文英文回答：Four Great Inventions of Ancient China.The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China are the compass, gunpowder, papermaking, and printing. These inventions have had a profound impact on the development of human civilization, and they continue to be used today in various forms.The compass was invented during the Han Dynasty (206 BC 220 AD). It is a device that uses a magnetized needle to determine the direction of magnetic north. The compass was originally used for navigation, but it has also been used for surveying, mining, and other purposes.Gunpowder was invented during the Tang Dynasty (618 907 AD). It is a mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate that explodes when ignited. Gunpowder wasoriginally used for fireworks, but it was later used in weapons such as cannons and guns.Papermaking was invented during the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 220 AD). It is a process of making paper from plant fibers. Papermaking was originally used for writing and painting, but it has also been used for a variety of other purposes, such as printing, packaging, and insulation.Printing was invented during the Song Dynasty (960 1279 AD). It is a process of transferring ink to paper using movable type. Printing was originally used for printing books, but it has also been used for a variety of other purposes, such as newspapers, magazines, and posters.The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China are a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese people. These inventions have had a profound impact on the development of human civilization, and they continue to be used today in various forms.中文回答：古代中国的四大发明。
中国四大发明中英文对照
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China is the world's four great inventions impact. Namely, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type.四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
CompassCompass is used to determine position of a simple instrument. Formerly known as Sinan. The main components are mounted on a shaft can freely rotate the needle (commonly known as magnet). Needle on the ground magnetic field can be maintained at the tangent magnetic radial direction. Needle points to the geographical North Pole South Pole, take advantage of this performance can be a sense of direction. Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military and so on.指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
Compass invented the ancient Chinese practice of long-term understanding of the results of magnetic objects. Ancient Chinese people into contact with magnetite, as he began to understand the nature of magnetism. It cited the first to discover the magnetic properties of iron. Then they discovered that the directivity of the magnet. After many experiments and studies, and finally invented the compass can be useful.指南针的发明是中国古人在长期的实践中对物体磁性认识的结果。
中国四大发明英文介绍
3.Gunpowder（火药）
Gunpowder was invented in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, dating back more than a thousand
The invention of gunpowder is come from the system Dan making process.
Later, gunpowder was applied to the military.
pass（指南针 ）
In the past , Humans determined the direction mainly by the sun or the moon.
• The invention of the compass is the result of people in the practice of long-term understanding of objects magnetic. • It was originally known as Sinan.
Paper-making Process
Historical Significance of Papermaking
The papermaking invention provides mankind with an economic and convenience writing material, setting off a human text revolution.
The Four Great Inventions Of Ancient China
China Ancient Four Inventions
1.Papermaking skill（造纸术）
中国古代四大发明英语
中国古代四大发明英语Four Great Inventions of Ancient China is the world's four great inventions impact. Namely, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type.四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
(一)CompassCompass is used to determine position of a simple instrument. Formerly known as Sinan. The main components are mounted on a shaft can freely rotate the needle (commonly known as magnet). Needle on the ground magnetic field can be maintained at the tangent magnetic radial direction. Needle points to the geographical North Pole South Pole, take advantage of this performance can be a sense of direction. Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military and so on.(一)指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
关于中国四大发明英文作文
关于中国四大发明英文作文英文：China's four great inventions refer to the four great inventions that have had a significant impact on the world. They are papermaking, printing, gunpowder, and the compass.Papermaking was invented in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) by Cai Lun. Before that, people used bamboo or silk to write, but paper was much cheaper and easier to use. The invention of paper had a huge impact on the spread of knowledge and culture.Printing was invented in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) by Bi Sheng. He invented movable type printing, which allowed for faster and more efficient printing. This invention also had a significant impact on the spread of knowledge and culture.Gunpowder was invented in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD)by alchemists who were trying to find a way to create an elixir of life. Instead, they discovered gunpowder, which was later used in warfare and fireworks.The compass was invented during the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD) by Shen Kuo. The compass allowed for more accurate navigation, which was important for trade and exploration.These four great inventions have had a significant impact on the world and are still used today. For example, paper is used for books, newspapers, and packaging.Printing is used for books, newspapers, and magazines. Gunpowder is used for fireworks and in the military. The compass is still used for navigation.中文：中国四大发明指的是对世界有重大影响的四项发明，它们分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。
中国古代四大发明中英文版剖析
4、Gunpowder
Gunpowder was invented in China, dating back more than 1000 years. Research began in ancient alchemy . Alchemy was popular for a thousand years, but finally nothing. However, some of the specific methods used in alchemy still has merit, and it shows the original form of the chemical, refining methods like gunpowder. Thus the invention of gunpowder has some chance. 火药是中国人发明的，距今已有1000多年了。火药的研究始于古代 炼丹术。炼丹术流行了一千多年，最后还是一无所获。但是，炼丹术所 采用的一些具体方法还是有可取之处的，它显示了化学的原始形态，就 如火药的炼制方法。因此火药的发明具有一定的偶然性。 Gunpowder consists of saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal powder, so it is also called "black powder." 火药是用硝石、硫磺和木炭的粉末混合制成的，所以也叫“黑火 药”。
如今的造纸经验在什么时候就出现了？由谁发明？ 东汉末年，蔡伦总结了造纸经验，改进了造纸法，所以这种纸又称为“蔡候 纸”。
What raw materials used in Eastern Han Dynasty papermaking ? What is the process? Raw materials - bark, hemp head, rags, old fishing nets Process - Pulping, paper fishing, drying
四大发明用英语介绍短文
四大发明用英语介绍短文What are The Four Great Inventions?The Four Great Inventions are: The Compass，Gun powder，Papermaking，Printing Techniques.中国古代四项伟大的发明是指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术。
The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are celebrated in Chinese culture for their historic significance and as signs of ancient China’s advanced science and technology. These fourinventions greatly promoted the development of China’s economy, politics, and culture.中国古代的四大发明因其历史意义和作为中国古代先进科学技术的标志而在中国文化中受到赞扬。
这四大发明大大促进了中国经济、政治和文化的发展。
The CompassThe history of the compass can be dated back tothe Warring States Period (476–221 BC), when Chinese people used a device calledsi nan to point the direction.指南针的历史可以追溯到战国时期（公元前476-221年），当时中国人使用一种叫做司南的装置来指明方向。
After constant improvement, a round compass with a tiny needle made of magnetized steel were invented during the early Song Dynasty. One end of the tiny needle points to the south and the other points to the north. The compass was then introduced to the Arab world and Europe during the Northern Song era (960–1127).经过不断的改进，在宋朝初期发明了一种带有磁化钢制成的小针的圆形罗盘。
中国古代四大发明 英语
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China is the world's four great inventions impact. Namely, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, movable type.四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
(一)CompassCompass is used to determine position of a simple instrument. Formerly known as Sinan. The main components are mounted on a shaft can freely rotate the needle (commonly known as magnet). Needle on the ground magnetic field can be maintained at the tangent magnetic radial direction. Needle points to the geographical North Pole South Pole, take advantage of this performance can be a sense of direction. Commonly used in navigation, geodesy, travel and military and so on.(一)指南针指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。
前身是司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针(俗称吸铁石)。
磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。
磁针的北极指向地理的南极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
Compass invented the ancient Chinese practice of long-term understanding of the results of magnetic objects. Ancient Chinese people into contact with magnetite, as he began to understand the nature of magnetism. It cited the first to discover the magnetic properties of iron. Then they discovered that the directivity of the magnet. After many experiments and studies, and finally invented the compass can be useful.指南针的发明是中国古人在长期的实践中对物体磁性认识的结果。
四大发明简介(中英文版本)
China Ancient Four InventionsCompass, gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɔɡrəfi], is China ancient['einʃənt]four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd] country, occupy['ɔkjupai]the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zeiʃən].罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术,是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
1. Compass指南针The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mæɡnitizəm] in the long-term practice.指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。
Because of productive labor['leibə], people have found the characteristic[,kærəktə'ristik]of the magnet['mæɡnit]pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.由于生产劳动,人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。
英文写作： 中华传统文化之四大发明
英文写作： 中华传统文化之四大发明一、请将下面这段话翻译成英文：中国的四大发明包括指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术，它们是中国在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
第一个指南针产生于战国时期(the Warring States Period)，是利用天然磁石(natural magnet)来辨别方向的一种简单仪器。
火药发明于隋唐时期，主要应用于军事领域，造纸术于东汉年间由蔡伦改进，使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。
印刷术，又称活字印刷术，大大促进了文化的传播。
四大发明对世界经济的发展和人类文化的进步做出了巨大的贡献。
【参考翻译】Four great inventions of China include the compass, gun powder, the paper-making technique and the printing technique. They are one of the marks that China occupies an important position in the history of human civilization.The first compass was invented during the Warring States Period. It was a simple device employing natural magnets to identify directions. Gunpowder was invented in Sui and Tang Dynasties and was mainly used in military areas. The paper-making technique was developed by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty, making paper a commonly used writing material. The Printing technique, also called movable type printing, promoted the spread of culture significantly. Thefour great inventions of China made tremendous contribution to the development of the world's economy and the progress of the culture of mankind.二、翻译：四大发明六级练习题（2013年12月卷四）中国以引进新的方式方法来改变人类的生活而著称。
值得收藏！用英语介绍中国四大发明，中国四大发明用英语怎么说？
值得收藏！用英语介绍中国四大发明，中国四大发明用英语怎么说？我们都知道中国有四大发明，分别是“火药”、“指南针”、“造纸术”和“印刷术”，这四大发明是我们的骄傲；我们跟外国的朋友介绍的时候会经常提到，那么四大发明用英文该怎么表达呢？火药 Gunpowder简介一种黑色或棕色的炸药，由硝酸钾、木炭和硫磺机械混合而成，最初均制成粉末状，以后一般制成大小不同的颗粒状，可供不同用途之需，在采用无烟火药以前，一直用作唯一的军用发射药指南针 Compass简介指南针是一种判别方位的简单仪器，又称指北针。
指南针的前身是中国古代四大发明之一的司南。
主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针，磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上，磁针的北极指向地理的北极，利用这一性能可以辨别方向。
常用于航海、大地测量、旅行及军事等方面。
造纸术 Papermaking technique简介造纸术是中国四大发明之一，人类文明史上的一项杰出的发明创造。
中国是世界上最早养蚕织丝的国家。
汉族劳动人民以上等蚕茧抽丝织绸，剩下的恶茧、病茧等则用漂絮法制取丝绵。
漂絮完毕，篾席上会遗留一些残絮。
当漂絮的次数多了，篾席上的残絮便积成一层纤维薄片，经晾干之后剥离下来，可用于书写。
这种漂絮的副产物数量不多，在古书上称它为赫蹏或方絮。
这表明了中国汉族造纸术的起源同丝絮有着渊源关系。
活字印刷术 Movable type printing简介活字印刷术是一种古代印刷方法。
是中国古代汉族劳动人民经过长期实践和研究才发明的。
先制成单字的阳文反文字模，然后按照稿件把单字挑选出来，排列在字盘内，涂墨印刷，印完后再将字模拆出，留待下次排印时再次使用。
活字印刷术的发明是印刷史上一次伟大的技术革命。
北宋庆历间（1041-1048）中国的毕升（约970年—1051年）发明的泥活字标志活字印刷术的诞生。
他是世界上第一个发明人，比德国J.谷登堡活字印术早约400年。
Four Great Inventions of the Ancient China(英文 四大发明介绍)
Papermaking skill
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun summed up the experience of forefathers, began to improve papermaking technology. He used a lot of simple things and produced the ‘Cai Hou’ paper.
Typography
In Song Dynasty, word worker Bi Sheng , Use the clay with viscidity, make into the rectangle cube, carve the single Chinese characters on it, burn it with the fire, form the font. The printing skill is named the typography.
Compass
Not everywhere has a lighthouse, so a compass is very useful for sailing. Even at a new place people will not lose their way with a compass.The Compass give play to important function in the navigation after introducing to Europe.
Four Great Inventions of the Ancient China
That's all, thank you!
四大发明介绍英文作文
四大发明介绍英文作文英文：As a Chinese person, I am proud to introduce the four great inventions of ancient China to the world. These inventions have had a profound impact on human civilization and have greatly contributed to the progress of science and technology.The first great invention is papermaking. In ancient China, people used to write on bamboo slips, wooden tablets, and silk. However, these materials were expensive and not very convenient to use. In the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), Cai Lun invented papermaking by using tree bark, old rags, and hemp waste as raw materials. This invention greatly improved the efficiency of information transmission and dissemination, and laid the foundation for the developmentof printing and publishing industries.The second great invention is printing. In the TangDynasty (618-907 AD), Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, which made it possible to print books on a large scale. Before that, books were handwritten by scribes, which was a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. With the invention of movable type printing, books became more affordable and accessible to ordinary people. This greatly promoted the spread of knowledge and culture.The third great invention is gunpowder. Gunpowder was invented in the Tang Dynasty by alchemists who were trying to find the elixir of life. However, gunpowder was soon used in warfare, and it greatly changed the nature of warfare. With the invention of gunpowder, weapons such as cannons, muskets, and rockets were developed, which greatly increased the destructive power of armies. Gunpowder also had a profound impact on the development of fireworks and other pyrotechnics.The fourth great invention is the compass. The compass was invented in the Han Dynasty, and it greatly improved navigation and made long-distance sea voyages possible. Before the invention of the compass, sailors had to rely onthe stars and the sun to navigate, which was not very accurate. With the compass, sailors could determine their direction more accurately, which greatly reduced the riskof getting lost at sea.中文：作为一个中国人，我很自豪地向世界介绍古代中国的四大发明。
中国四大发明(英文版)
Four Great Inventions四大发明Four great inventions: the compass, gunpowder, paper and movable type printing, were ancient China’s outstanding scientific and technological contributions to world civilization.The Compass罗盘The world’s first compass was made in China during the Warring States Period (475-221 B.C. ) by balancing a piece of lodestone carved in the shape of a ladle on a smooth, flat plate and letting it spin. When it stopped, the handle always pointed to the south. After the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 960-1127) the Chinese people connected the compass with a square plate engraved with directional points, thus creating the basis for the compasses of today.The compass give play to important function in the navigation after introducing to Europe.Gunpowder火药The Chinese people invented gunpowder in the 7th century. After the invention of gunpowder, human beings suddenly had an unprecedented great force. At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Song Dynasty (10th century), gunpowder began tobe used in weapons. From 1225 to 1248, gunpowder and firearms were introduced to Arab countries from India, and then taken to European countries from Arab regions.Paper造纸Cai Lun, who lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), produced high quality paper using tree bark, remnants of hemp, linen rags and other materials. The invention of Cai Lun’s paper-making technique marked the ripening of China’s paper-making technique, and meanwhile enabled the people to leave behind them the days of writing on bamboo slips and cotton cloth.China’s paper-making technology was introduced to Korea and Japan in the 7th century, taken to Arab countries from Central Asia and eventually to European countries during the 12th to 16th centuries. China’s paper-making technology played a great role in the European Renaissance and other cultural and scientific undertaking of the world.Printing印刷术The typography is one of the most important four inventions in ancient China.The invention of China’s printing technique went through twostages, block printing and movable-type printing. BI Sheng’s movable-type printing was introduced to Korea and Japan in the 8th century, and then to Arabia and Europe in the 12th century. Main Religion and philosophy宗教和哲学In China, different religions are respected. People have their own right to choose their belief in God or Allah or in others. people believing in different religions live happily together.gift•Gift giving is a big part of any culture. China is no exception.There are sth interesting in gift giving in China.•For example,Do not give knives, scissors, letter openers, etc. It implies thesevering of a relationshipDo not expect that a gift will be opened immediatelyAvoid giving things to people in groups of four, since thenumber four in Chinese is a homonym for the word 'death' .Never give a Chinese gentleman a green hat. It is associatedwith adultery.Do not give aged people a clock. It is a homonym for the word ‘death’.。
四大发明介绍英文作文
四大发明介绍英文作文1. Papermaking。
Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. It was invented during the Han Dynastyaround 105 AD by a eunuch named Cai Lun. Before papermaking, people wrote on bamboo slips and silk, which were expensive and difficult to carry around. With the invention of paper, people could write more easily and cheaply. Papermaking spread to other countries along the Silk Road, and it eventually became a global industry. Today, paper is still an essential part of our daily lives.2. Compass。
The compass is another of the four great inventions of ancient China. It was invented during the Qin Dynastyaround 200 BC. The compass was originally used for divination, but it became an important tool for navigation during the Song Dynasty. With the compass, sailors coulddetermine their direction even when the stars were not visible. The compass was also used in feng shui, the ancient Chinese practice of arranging buildings and objects to harmonize with the natural environment.3. Gunpowder。
中国古代四大发明中英文版
Papermaking
When it appeared that today's paper experience ? Who invented it? In Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun summarized the experience, improved paper making, so this paper is also known as "Marquis Cai's paper."
雕版印刷术 隋唐时期，人们把字刻在木板上，让字凸出，在上面涂上墨，再把纸铺在上 面，刷一刷就可以了。这就是闻名的雕版印刷术。
Printing
Movable type - Bi Sheng In the 11th century, the Song Dynasty people Bi Sheng invented movable type. This printing method both effort and quickly find errors ，which can also be corrected promptly.
东汉时造纸使用什么原料？有什么工序？ 原料——树皮、麻头、破布、旧鱼网 工序——制浆、捞纸、烘干
Papermaking
papermaking propagation 4th century AD, introduced to the Korean, Vietnam. 7th century, introduced to Japan, the Arab region. 12th century, spread to Europe, Africa. 造纸术对外流传 公元4世纪，传入朝鲜、越南。 公元7世纪，传入日本、阿拉伯地区。 公元12世纪，传入欧洲、非洲。
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China Ancient Four Inventions
Compass, gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɔɡrəfi], is China ancient['einʃənt] four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd]country, occupy['ɔkjupai]the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zeiʃən].
罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术,是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。
1. Compass指南针
The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mæɡnitizəm] in the long-term practice.
指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。
Because of productive labor['leibə], people have found the characteristic[,kærəktə'ristik] of the magnet['mæɡnit]pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.
由于生产劳动,人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。
通过试验和在许多方面的研究,发明了指南针。
The Compass give play to important function['fʌŋkʃən] in the navigation[,nævi'ɡeiʃən] after introducing to Europ['juərəp]e.
指南针在传入欧洲后，在导航上发挥了重要的作用
2. Gunpowder火药
The gunpowder is made of niter, sulfur['sʌlfə]and charcoal['tʃɑ:kəul]three kinds of materials[mə'tiəriəlz] mixing.
火药是由硝石、硫和木炭三种原料混合制成的。
In the Tang Dynasty['dinəsti], the gunpowder begins to be applied[ə'plaid]to the military['militəri] affairs [ə'fεə]. 唐朝，火药开始应用到军事上。
People utilize['ju:tilaiz]the throwing stone machine [mə'ʃi:n], light the gunpowder bag and throw out, burn the enemy['enimi], this is the most primitive['primitiv]cannon ['kænən].
人们利用抛射石头的抛石机，把火药包点着以后，抛射出去，烧伤敌人，这是最原始的火炮。
3. Papermaking skill造纸术
The invention of papermaking skill is China’s contribution to the civilization of the world.造纸技术的发明，是中华民族对世界文明的杰出贡献之一。
In the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 105), the papermaking skill inventor Cai lun is on the basis of that forefathers['fɔr,fɑðɚ] weave[wi:v] silks[silks] experience, have made into the vegetable['vedʒitəbl]fiber['faibə]paper with bark, broken fishing['fiʃiŋ]network, rag[ræɡ], etc. raw materials. From then on, paper become to the material that generally['dʒenərəli] write.
东汉和帝元兴元年(公元105年)，蔡伦在总结前人制造丝织晶的经验的基础上，发明了用树皮、破渔网、破布、麻头等作为原料，制造成了适合书写的植物纤维纸，才使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。
被称为“蔡侯纸”。
4. Typography印刷术
The typography is one of the most important four inventions in ancient China.
印刷术是最重要的中国古代四大发明之一
The woodblock['wudblɔk]printing appear in Sui dynasty, it is that carve[kɑ:v] protruding[prəu'tru:d] Backward Chinese character['kærəktə] on woodblock with knife, then brush Chinese ink-liquid['likwid], print[print] on the paper.
它开始于隋朝的雕版印刷，是用刀在一块块木板上雕刻成凸出来的反写字，然后再上墨，印到纸上。
In Sung Dynasty, word worker Bi Sheng (A.D. 1004 ——1048), Use the clay[klei] with viscidity[vi'sidəti], make into the rectangle['rek,tæŋɡl] cube[kju:b], carve the single Chinese characters on it, burn it with the fire, form the font[fɔnt]. The printing skill is named the typography.
北宋刻字工人毕升在公元1004年至1048年间，用质细且带有粘性的胶泥，做成一个个四方形的长柱体，在上面刻上反写的单字，一个字一个印，放在土窑里用火烧硬，形成活字。
这种改进之后的印刷术叫做活板印刷术。
In a word, China ancient four inventions, has left behind a magnificent[mæɡ'nifisənt] chapter['tʃæptə]in the history of human science and culture. These great inventions once influenced['influəns]and benefited['benifit]the whole[həul]world, had promoted the advancing[əd'vɑ:nsiŋ] of human history.
总之，中国古代四大发明，在人类科学和文化史上留下了一个辉煌篇章。
这些伟大的发明曾经影响并有利于整个世界，推动了人类历史的前进。