山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高一(下)期中物理试题
2020-2021学年山东省济宁市任城区高一(下)期中物理试卷
2020-2021学年山东省济宁市任城区高一（下）期中物理试卷一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．（3分）关于匀速圆周运动的描述正确的是（）A．是匀速运动B．是匀变速运动C．是加速度变化的曲线运动D．合力不一定时刻指向圆心2．（3分）质量为m的小物块在倾角为α的斜面上处于静止状态，如图所示．若斜面体和小物块一起以速度v沿水平方向向右做匀速直线运动，通过一段位移x．斜面体对物块的摩擦力和支持力的做功情况是（）A．摩擦力做正功，支持力做正功B．摩擦力做正功，支持力做负功C．摩擦力做负功，支持力做正功D．摩擦力做负功，支持力做负功3．（3分）雨天在野外骑车时，自行车的后轮轮胎上常会黏附一些泥巴，行驶时感觉很“沉重”，使后轮离开地面而悬空，然后用手匀速摇脚踏板，泥巴就被甩下来，如图所示，则（）A．泥巴在图中的a位置时最容易被甩下来B．泥巴在图中的b位置时最容易被甩下来C．泥巴在图中的c位置时最容易被甩下来D．泥巴在图中的d位置时最容易被甩下来4．（3分）为了将天上的力和地上的力统一起来，牛顿进行了著名的“月地检验”．“月地检验”比较的是（）A．月球表面上物体的重力加速度和地球公转的向心加速度B．月球表面上物体的重力加速度和地球表面上物体的重力加速度C．月球公转的向心加速度和地球公转的向心加速度D．月球公转的向心加速度和地球表面上物体的重力加速度5．（3分）如图为某共享单车的主要传动部件，大齿轮和小齿轮通过链条相连，a、b分别是大齿轮和小齿轮边缘上的两点。
已知大齿轮直径d1＝20cm，小齿轮直径d2＝10cm，若两齿轮匀速转动，则下列关于a点与b点的说法中正确的有（）A．线速度大小之比为1：2B．角速度大小之比为1：2C．转速大小之比为2：1D．周期之比为1：26．（3分）2021年2月10日，我国发射的“天问一号”火星探测器成功进入环火星轨道。
山东省潍坊市2020_2021学年高一物理上学期期中试题含解析
山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高一物理上学期期中试题（含解析）注意事项：1。
本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
2。
答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座号等填写在答题卡指定位置。
3。
回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，请按照题号在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 伽利略的研究方法对于科学研究具有重大的启蒙作用，至今仍具有重要意义。
下列哪个是伽利略探究物体下落规律的过程（）A. 猜想—问题—合理外推—数学推理—实验验证—得出结论B. 问题—猜想—实验验证—数学推理—合理外推—得出结论C. 问题—猜想—数学推理—实验验证—合理外推—得出结论D. 猜想—问题—合理外推—实验验证—数学推理—得出结论【答案】C【解析】【详解】首先由问题提出猜想，然后数学推理，再进行实验验证，去掉次要因素进行合理外推，最后得出结论。
故选C。
2. 某同学乘坐出租车回家，自己乘坐的出租车在路边停住，看到车外相邻并排同向行驶的另一出租车时，感觉自己在后退。
下列分析正确的是（）A. 该同学选择的参考系是自己乘坐的出租车B. 另一出租车在向前行驶C. 若出租车行驶时速度计示数为30 km/h，这是出租车的平均速度D. 若出租车计价器显示行驶了5km，这5km一定是出租车运动过程的位移大小【答案】B【解析】【详解】AB．自己乘坐的出租车在路边停住，看到车外相邻并排同向行驶的另一出租车时，感觉自己在后退。
表面选择的参考系是另一出租车，并且另一出租车在向前行驶。
A 错误，B 正确；C ．出租车行驶时速度计示数为30 km/h ，这是出租车的瞬时速度大小，C 错误；D ．出租车计价器显示行驶了5km ，这5km 是出租车运动的路程，只有当出租车做单方向直线运动时才表示位移大小，D 错误。
潍坊市2020-2021学年高一上学期期中数学试题(解析版)
关于 的不等式 解集包含 ，令 ，
，解得 ，
故选： ．
【点睛】二次函数、二次方程与二次不等式统称“三个二次”，它们常结合在一起，有关二次函数的问题，数形结合，密切联系图象是探求解题思路的有效方法．一般从：①开口方向；②对称轴位置；③判别式；④端点函数值符号四个方面分析．
二、多项选择题：本大题共4个小题，每小题5分，共20分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分．
9.下列命题中是假命题的是（）．
A. ， B. ，
C. ， D. ，
【答案】ACD
【解析】
【分析】
举反例即可判断选项A、C，解方程 即可判断选项B、D.
（1）求 ；
（2）若 ，求实数 的取值范围．
【答案】（1） ；（2） .
【解析】
【分析】
（1）先求得集合A，再由集合的补集运算和交集运算可求得答案；
（2）分集合C为空集和不是空集两种情况分别建立不等式（组），可求得所求的范围.
【详解】解：（ 时，满足 ，即 ，解得 ．
【详解】对于A选项，函数 为奇函数，且该函数在定义域上不单调，A选项中的函数不合乎要求；
对于B选项，函数 为奇函数，且该函数在定义域上为减函数，B选项中的函数合乎要求；
对于C选项，当 时， ，则 ，
当 时， ，则 ，
又 ，所以，函数 为奇函数，
当 时，函数 单调递减；当 时，函数 单调递减.
由于函数 在 上连续，所以，函数 在 上为减函数，C选项中的函数合乎要求；
画出函数的图象，如图所示：
对于 ：根据函数的图象， 的定义域为 ，值域为 ，故 错误；
2020-2021学年山东省六校学情联考高一(下)月考物理试卷(6月份)
2020-2021学年山东省六校学情联考高一（下）月考物理试卷（6月份）一、选择题（本题共12个小题，第1-8题每题3分，第9-12题每题4分，共40分。
在每小题给出的4个选项中，第1-8题只有一个选项符合题目要求，第9-12题有多个选项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有错选或不答的得0分。
）1．（3分）关于物理学史，下列说法正确的是（）A．牛顿通过扭秤实验测出了引力常量B．密立根最早测出了元电荷的数值C．开普勒发现了万有引力定律D．富兰克林通过扭秤实验发现了电荷间相互作用的规律2．（3分）关于静电场，以下叙述中正确的是（）A．点电荷是理想化物理模型，通常体积小的带电体都可以看成是点电荷B．电场中某点的电场强度方向即为试探电荷在该点的受力方向C．电场强度是矢量，运算时遵循平行四边形定则D．沿电场线方向，电场强度一定越来越小3．（3分）自行车的大齿轮、小齿轮、后轮的半径不一样，它们边缘有三个点A、B、C，如图所示。
当大齿轮匀速转动时（）A．A、B、C的线速度v A＞v B＞v CB．A、B、C的角速度ωC＞ωB＝ωAC．A、B、C的运动周期T C＞T B＞T AD．A、B、C的向心加速度a C＞a B＞a A4．（3分）高速公路某弯道处，该段公路宽度为16m，内外侧的高度差为2m（无侧滑趋势）。
已知角度较小时，角的正切值可近似等于正弦值2。
该车道的转弯半径为（）A．500m B．720m C．700m D．520m5．（3分）光滑水平面上有一质量为1kg的物体，在五个恒定的水平共点力的作用下处于平衡状态。
现同时撤去大小分别为4N和2N的两个水平力而其余力保持不变，关于此后物体的运动情况的说法中正确的是（）A．可能做匀变速直线运动，加速度大小可能是1m/s2B．一定做匀变速直线运动，加速度大小可能是4m/s2C．可能做匀速圆周运动，加速度大小可能是6m/s2D．可能做匀变速曲线运动，加速度大小可能是5m/s26．（3分）如图所示，是某电场的电场线分布示意图，下列说法正确的是（）A．同一个试探电荷（只受电场力），在B点的加速度大于在C点的加速度B．若将一正试探电荷由A点移到C点，电场做负功C．若将一负试探电荷由B点移到C点，电势能增大D．将正试探电荷或负试探电荷由A点移到C点，电势能均减小7．（3分）一个人站在阳台上，从阳台边缘以相同的速率v0分别把三个质量相同的球竖直向上抛出、水平抛出，竖直向下抛出，不计空气阻力，从抛出到落地的过程中，下列说法中正确的是（）A．竖直上抛小球运动过程中重力做功最多B．竖直下抛小球落地瞬间动能最大C．三球落地瞬间重力的瞬时功率相同D．三球落地瞬间机械能相同8．（3分）升降机底板上放一质量为20kg的物体，物体随升降机由静止开始竖直向上做匀加速直线运动，竖直向上移动3m时速度达到4m/s，则此过程中（g取10m/s2）（）B．升降机对物体做功160JC．物体的机械能增加760JD．物体的重力势能增加160J9．（4分）2021年2月10日，天问一号探测器实施近火捕获制动，探测器顺利进入近火点高度约400千米，成为我国第一颗人造火星卫星，实现“绕、着、巡”第一步“绕”的目标。
2020-2021学年九年级第一学期期中考试考试物理试题(附解答)
2020-2021学年九年级第一学期期中考试考试物理试题本试卷分为A卷和B卷两部分，共8页。
A卷共100分，B卷共35分，全卷满分135分。
注意事项：1．答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的注意事项。
2．所有试题的答案必须按题号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，在试卷上、草稿纸上答题无效。
3．考试结束后，监考人员将答题卡收回,试卷由学生自己保管好。
A卷(共100分)一、选择题(本大题共12小题，每小题4分，共48分。
每个小题只有—个选项是符合题目要求的。
)1、分子是保持物质化学性质的最小微粒.首先提出分子概念的科学家是( )A、阿伏伽德罗B、道尔顿C、卢瑟福D、汤姆生2、下面四个实验现象中,能够说明分子在不停地运动的是 ( )3、初春培育水稻秧苗时，为了不使秧苗受冻，下列做法中正确的是 ( ) A．早晨多排水，傍晚多灌水 B．早晨多灌水，傍晚多排水C．早晨和傍晚都要多灌水 D．早晨和傍晚都不要灌水4、做功和热传递在改变物体的内能上是等效的，下图不属于做功改变物体内能的是（）5、如图所示的滑动变阻器的四种接法中，当滑片P 向右移动时使电路的电阻变小的接法是( )6、关于热机的效率，下列说法正确的是（）A、蒸汽机的效率通常高于喷气发动机；B、热机的效率一定小于100%；C、汽车排放的尾气，是城市环境污染的重要来源。
目前有一些新型燃料汽车，实现了“零排放”，它们的效率达到了100%；D、在完全无摩擦的道路上，汽车发动机的效率可达到100%。
7、如图所示，在探究并联电路中的电流关系时，小明同学用电流表测出A．B．C三处的电流分别为IA ＝0.5A，IB＝0.3A，IC＝0.2A，在表格中记录数据后，下一步首先应该做的是：（）A．整理器材，结束实验；B．换用不同规格的小灯泡，再测出几组电流值C．分析数据，得出结论；D．换用电流表的另一量程，再测出一组电流值8、在一本用电常识的书中，列出了使用白炽电灯的常见故障与检修，其中一项故障现象如下：从电路的组成来看，上述故障现象可以概括成一个原因：（）A、开路；B、通路；C、短路；D、以上都不对。
2020-2021学年高一物理上学期期中试题(含解析)
高一物理上学期期中试题（含解析）一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共25.0分）1.在下述问题中，能够把研究对象看作质点的是A. 计算“和谐号”动车通过南京长江大桥所用时间B. 比较“摩拜”与“ofo”共享单车的车轮半径大小C. 利用“北斗”导航系统确定远洋海轮在大海中的位置D. 研究“蛟龙600”水陆两栖飞机水面高速滑行的机翼姿态【答案】C【解析】【分析】当物体的形状、大小对所研究的问题没有影响时，我们就可以把它看成质点，根据把物体看成质点的条件来判断即可正确解答本题。
【详解】和谐号列车的长度相对于桥梁的长度不能忽略，此时列车不能看成质点，故A 错误；比较摩拜与“ofo”共享单车车轮半径大小时，车轮的大小不可以忽略，故不可以把车轮当做质点，故B错误；“北斗”系统给远洋海轮导航时，只需要确定远洋海轮在地图上的位置，可以把远洋海轮看成质点，故C 正确；研究“蛟龙600”水陆两栖飞机水面高速滑行的机翼姿态时不能看做质点，看做质点就不能看机翼姿态了，故D错误。
所以C正确，ABD错误。
【点睛】考查学生对质点这个概念的理解，关键是知道物体能看成质点时的条件，看物体的大小体积对所研究的问题是否产生影响，物体的大小体积能否忽略。
2.下列对于运动基本概念的描述正确的是A. 顺丰速运“无人机快递”完成一次快件投递回到出发点，此运动过程的路程为零B. 微信支付交易记录中有一单的转账时间为“2018100119：49：34”，这里的时间指时刻C. “复兴号”列车在京沪高铁线运行最高时速可达350公里，这里的时速指平均速率D. 常熟市三环高架启用的“区间测速”系统，测的是汽车沿高架绕行的平均速度【答案】B【解析】【分析】掌握位移和路程的区别，明确时间和时刻的主要区别；知道平均速率等于路程与时间的比值；会区分平均速度和平均速率。
【详解】路程是轨迹的长度，顺丰速运“无人机快递”完成一次快件投递回到出发点，此运动过程的路程不为零，故A错误；查看微信支付交易记录时发现有一单的转账时间为：49：34，这对应一个瞬间，故这里的时间是时刻，故B正确；“复兴号”列车组列车在京沪高铁线按时速350公里运行，这里的时速指瞬时速率，故C错误；“区间测速”测量的是某一过程的速度，是路程与时间的比值，为平均速率，故D错误。
2020-2021学年高一下学期物理人教版(2019)必修第二册第五章_第七章阶段复习检测卷
2020-2021学年人教版(2019)物理必修第二册第五章~第七章阶段复习检测卷注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．以下说法正确的是( )A．经典力学理论普遍适用，大到天体，小到微观粒子B．相对论与量子力学否定了经典力学理论C．在经典力学中，物体的质量随运动状态而改变D．经典力学理论具有一定的局限性2．如图所示，在灭火抢救过程中，消防队员有时要借助消防车上的梯子爬到高处进行救人或灭火作业。
为了节省救援时间，消防队员沿梯子匀加速向上运动的同时消防车匀速后退，则关于消防队员的运动，下列说法正确的是()A．消防队员做匀加速直线运动B．消防队员做匀变速曲线运动C．消防队员做变加速曲线运动D．消防队员水平方向的速度保持不变3．火星和木星沿各自的椭圆轨道绕太阳运行，根据开普勒行星运动定律可知()A．太阳位于木星运行轨道的中心B．火星和木星绕太阳运行速度的大小始终相等C．火星与木星公转周期之比的平方等于它们轨道半长轴之比的立方D．相同时间内，火星与太阳连线扫过的面积等于木星与太阳连线扫过的面积4．五一假期，张勇戴着耳机在河边听音乐，看见河中央处有一漂流物A（可视为质点）顺流而下，有人在岸上用长竹竿打捞，张勇发现后，立即在B点跳入河中，刚好在B点正前方的C处拦截到漂流物，如图所示，河宽d＝60 m，水流速度v1＝4 m/s，BC连线垂直河岸，AC平行河岸且距离L＝40 m。
山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高二上学期期中考试物理试题(含答案解析)
高二物注意事项： 1 .答题前，考生先将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座号、考号填涂在相应位置。
2 .选择题答案必须使用2B 铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂；非选择题答案必须使 用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，绘图时，可用2B 铅笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3 .请按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草 稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。
一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中， 只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1 .我国是全球第一快递大国。
快递在运输易碎物品时，经常用泡沫塑料做填充物，这 是为了减小在搬运过程中A.物品受到的冲量B.物品的动量C.物品的动量变化量D.物品的动量变化率2 .四个定值电阻连成如图所示的电路。
此、R c 的规格为“6V6W”，A 八时的规格为“6V12W”。
将该电路接在输出电压的恒压电源上，贝IJA.乙的功率最大，为6W用 Rs r-1=3—1 R D B. % 的功率最小，为 0. 67WI -H =H 4 I-[=^~ C.七的功率最小，为L33WD. %的功率最大，为12W卜 U （＞ 3.甲、乙两物体质量分别为叫和“2,两物体碰撞前后运动的位移随时间变化的人一 图像如图所示，则在碰撞前 作A.乙的动能大吟 ___________ B.甲的动能大IZ C.乙的动量大 ----------- ；UcD.甲的动量大 4 .已知通电长宜导线产生的磁场中某点的磁感应强度与电流强度/成正比，与该点到直 导试卷类型：A2020. 11线的距离「成反比。
现有三根平行的通电长直导线4、C、。
，其中4、C导线中的电流大小为乙，。
导线中的电流大小为心。
与导线垂直的截面内的B点与4、C组成等腰直角三角形，。
处在4c的中点，电流方向如图，此时笈处的磁感应强度为零, 则下列说法正确的是A.27. = A I /B.@ =Z2C..4导线所受的磁场力向左D.若移走。
2020-2021学年度高一年级第一学期期中考试物理试题附解析
A. 运动的物体不可能受静摩擦力
B. 静止的物体可能受到滑动摩擦力
C. 静摩擦力方向一定与相对运动的趋势方向相反
D. 滑动摩擦力一定是物体运动的阻力
【答案】BC
10. 如图所示，一小滑块沿足够长的斜面以初速度v向上做匀减速直线运动，依次经A，B，C，D到达最高点E，已知AB=BD=6m，BC=1m，滑块从A到C和从C到D所用的时间都是2s。设滑块经C时的速度为vC，则（ ）
A. m/s
B. 滑块上滑过程中加速度的大小为0.5m/s2
C. DE=9m
D. 从C到E所用时间为6s
【答案】BD
11. 某汽车刹车后直至停止的位移—速度关系满足 ，其中x与v的单位分别是m和m/s。下列判断正确的是（ ）
A. 汽车刹车时的初速度为9m/s
B. 加速度大小为4m/s2
C. 汽车刹车后第7s初的速度大小为3m/s
A. 40mB. 80mC. 120mD. 160m
【答案】B
8. 以从塔顶由静止释放小球A的时刻为计时零点， 时刻又在与小球A等高的位置处，由静止释放小球B．若两小球都只受重力作用，设小球B下落时间为t，在两小球落地前，两小球间的高度差为 ，则 图线为（ ）
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】B
二、多项选择题（本题共4小题，每小题4分；在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求；全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）
D. 胡克首先借助实验研究和逻辑推理得出自由落体运动规律
【答案】A
5. 一架飞机水平匀速飞行，飞机上掉下一个小铁球，若不计空气阻力和风力，小铁球离开飞机直至落地的过程中，下列说法正确的是（ ）
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市高一上学期期中考试英语试题
山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AAffordable Beach V acation in CorfuCorfu an island off the coast of Greece, offers visitors sunkissed shores with clear water and lots of beaches.Finding the Perfect BeachOur first pick is Sidari Beach. It’s a blue flag beach perfect for couples looking for a more private feel, as it’s far from bigger tourist destinations. Issos Beach makes for the perfect pl ace for watching the sunset. Dassia Bay has a bit more water sports. Paleokastritsa is an amazing West Coast village with six beaches on offer, including Rovinia Beach.Getting around CorfuCorfu offers bike rentals and bus service as a cheaper alternative (替代) to taxis. The best time to visit Corfu is during the “shoulder season” in April/May. The weather isn’t as warm as the high seasons but it remains perfect. It is not crowded in this period, but you still need to book ahead of schedule as Corfu stays popular throughout the year.Eating Out For LessThere are a lot of well-priced restaurants but street food is also a big winner. Some popular choices are Souvlakia and Pita Gyros. There are also many cheeses special to Greece, including Tirokafteri and Ladotyri. Corfu also has many unbelievable desserts (甜食). Stazei Meli is a tourist favourite to give them a try.1. Which place is probably the best choice for couples?A. Sidari Beach.B. Dassia Bay.C. Issos Beach.D. Rovinia Beach.2. What are tourists required to do to visit Corfu?A. Rent a bike.B. Book in advance.C. Wear warm clothes.D. Set off in April/May.3. What do we know about Stazei Meli?A. It cooks popular dishes.B. It severs well-priced food.C. It produces special cheese.D. It sells amazing desserts.BAs the oldest of three children, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear like other poor kids. Instead, Mom got my wardrobe (行头) from neighborhood mothers. Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their used clothing.Perhaps my biggest challenge came from Charlie. As far as I was concerned, Charlie’s main fun was to make fun of me. During those years, I slowly learned to hate. I hated Charlie, but I also hated myself for not being able to change my situation.But situations do change. That opportunity came after high school when I joined the Navy. The Navy made me a social equal for the first time in my life, and the GI Bill gave me a college education. Hard work and a few lucky career (职业) choices finally lifted me into the middle class.I found myself living the American Dream.One beautiful summer afternoon, my friend and I celebrated Friday in Jackson’s Steak House. For the first time in almost twenty years, I saw Charlie. Not only did I see him, but he spoke to me.I could tell he didn’t recognize me, but I surely recognized my childhood tormentor (摧残者). His words were short, but I’ll never forget them. He said, “Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad?”The tables h ad turned. Charlie was calling me “Sir.” While hundreds of improper ideas raced through my mind, I could only give a two-word reply: “Blue cheese.” As much as I wanted to taste the sweet taste of revenge (复仇), I refused to do it. I wouldn’t put another per son through what I had gone through as a child. It was time to put childish things behind me and make use of the new opportunity that life had given me. I left him a good tip and I didn’t say one word about recognizing him.4. Where did the author usually get his clothes as a kid?A. His mum bought them for him.B. They were from other families.C. Other poor kids collected them for himD. They were handed down by his brothers.5. Which word best describes the author’s childhood?A. Painful.B. Funny.C. Strange.D. Lucky.6. What job did Charlie probably do?A. A hairdresser.B. A waiter.C. A soldier.D. A cook.7. What is the best title of the passage?A. Live your own American Dream.B. Best memories in childhood.C. Don’t hate but love your enemy.D. Growing up and letting goCWhen my kids, ages 11 and 8, race through the back door after school, often the first thing out of their mouths is: “Mom! Can we play Prodigy?” After a quick thinking of how much screen time they’ve already had for the week and ho w much peace and quiet I need to finish my work, I accept. After all, Prodigy is a role-playing video game that encourages kids to practice math facts. It’s educational. Right?Though video games are increasingly making their way into classrooms, scientists say the facts are lacking (缺乏) on whether they can actually improve learning.Some of the first evidence (证据) that gaming may train the brain came from first-person shooter games. It was first found by C. Shawn Green, an undergraduate studying at the University of Rochester in New York. He gave his friends a test of visual (视觉的) attention, and their scores were amazing. He and his research adviser, Daphne Bavelier, thought there must have been a problem in the test. But when Bavelier took the test, her scores were normal. The difference wasthat Green’s friends had all been devoting more than 10 hours per week to Team Fortress Classic, a first-person shooter game.In other studies, researchers found that gamers who trained on Tetris were better at moving two-dimensional (空间的) shapes than those who played a control game. Students who played two hours of All You Can E. T. improved their focus-shifting skills compared with students who played a word search game. Not surprisingly, the skills that games can improve are the ones that players end up practicing over and over during the course of play.The next step is to figure out how these findings may translate to the classroom. Although this research is still developing, I’m sure about my own kids’ ever-increasing requests for screen time—especially when they beg to play games designed to help them master math.8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To lead in the topic.B. To explain what Prodigy is.C. To introduce the author’s family.D. To prove the importance of video games.9. What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Video games.B. Classrooms.C. Scientists.D. Facts.10. Who did the best in the test of visual attention?A. Mr Green.B. Mrs. Bavelier.C. Green’s friends.D. A graduate.11. Why can those playing Tetris do well in turning two-dimensional shapes?A. Tetris is only a control gameB. They focus on shifting skills.C. They practise the relative skills many times.D. The skills needed are similar to those in word search games.DGool sbee, now a professor at the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business, said the rising number of Americans out of work forever paints a troubling picture about the recovery (恢复).“If we are on path to only be two-thirds recovered,” Goolsbee wrote, “and then have millions of businesses closed down and the jobs there lost fast, there will be years for us to try to get back onto the path we were on before.”And those everlasting job losses will influence the economy. People out of work may cutback spending or even stop it. They are at risk of falling behind on car payments, credit card bills and bank loan (贷款). Those risks are magnified by the fact that the government has so far failed to provide additional economic recovery policies (政策) — even though the US economy is in great need of them.“Good insurance (保险) policies for people out of work have helped them pay the loan much more easily,” Principal’s Shah wrote, “but with everl asting job losses clearly rising and still no sign of an additional economic recovery package, the trouble will become more widespread and obvious.”The hope is that those recognized as jobless at present will in the end get a job somewhere else. Even though some restaurants, shops and small businesses have shut down, new companies are opening each day here and there. But there is a time limit at play because the time of continuously out of job influences the chances of getting another job. “The longer you’re out of the job market,” said PNC’s Faucher, “the more difficult it becomes to find a new one.” Many Americans who had a job loss or had a too long vacation without any payment are eagerly looking forward to another job.12. What does the underlined word “magnified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Reduced.B. Enlarged.C. Avoided.D. Unchanged.13. What’s Shah’s attitude towards the government’s present economy policies?A. Supportive.B. Confused.C. Disappointed.D. Uninterested.14. What can we learn about the Americans out of work?A. Losing jobs gets them out of the job marketB. They have more opportunities to have vacations.C. They successfully get offers from new companies.D. Losing jobs for long makes it harder to find a new one.15. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. The jobless usually spend less.B. Insurance companies offer necessary loans.C. More job losses suggest a dark economy future.D. The economy recovery depends on the government.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
人教版高一物理必修二期中复习：平抛的相遇问题 斜抛 类平抛 实际应用问题
平抛的相遇问题斜抛类平抛实际应用问题平抛的相遇1.（北京市铁路第二中学2019-2020学年高一（下）5月期中物理试题）6. 如图所示，在同一竖直平面内，小球a、b从高度不同的两点分别以初速度v a和v b沿水平向抛出，经过时间t a和t b后落到与两抛出点水平距.离相等的P点。
若不计空气阻力，下列关系正确的是（）A. t a＞t b，v a＜v bB. t a＞t b，v a＞v bC t a＜t b，v a＜v b D. t a＜t b，v a＞v b2.（黑龙江省海林市朝鲜族中学2019-2020学年高一（下）期中线上考试物理试题）2.在同一水平直线上的两位置分别沿同方向抛出两小球A和B，其运动轨迹如图所示，不计空气阻力．要使两球在空中相遇，则必须（）A. 先抛出A球B. 先抛出B球C. 同时抛出两球D. B球的初速度大于A球的初速度3.（江苏省淮安市淮阴区南陈集中学2019-2020学年高一（下）期中模拟物理试题）13. 如图所示，从同一条竖直线上两个不同点P、Q分别向右平抛两个小球，平抛的初速度分别为v1，v2，结果它们同时落到水平面上的M点处（不考虑空气阻力）。
下列说法中正确的是（）A. P先抛出的B. Q先抛出的C. v1>v2D. v1<v24.（江苏省马坝高级中学2019-2020学年高一（下）期中物理试题）4.如图所示在同一地点的不同高度处以相同方向水平抛出甲乙两小球．已知两球在空中某处相遇，则甲乙两球（）A. 同时抛出，抛出时乙速度较大B. 同时抛出，抛出时甲速度较大C. 甲先抛出，抛出时乙速度较大D. 甲先抛出，抛出时甲速度较大5.（安徽省淮北市第一中学2019-2020学年高一（下）期中物理试题）2.如图所示，从同一条竖直线上两个不同点P、Q分别向右平抛两个小球，平抛的初速度分别为v1、v2，结果它们同时落到水平面上的M点处（不考虑空气阻力）。
下列说法中正确的是（）A. 一定是P先抛出的，并且v1<v2B. 一定是P先抛出的，并且v1=v2C. 一定是Q先抛出的，并且v1>v2D. 一定是Q先抛出的，并且v1=v26.（浙江省浙北G2（湖州中学、嘉兴一中）2019-2020学年高一（下）期中物理试题）11. 如图所示，三个质量相等的小球A、B、C从图示位置分别以相同的速度v0水平向左抛出，最终都能到达坐标原点O。
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市寿光一中高一(下)期中英语试卷
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市寿光一中高一（下）期中英语试卷一、选词填空-句子（本大题共9小题，共9.0分）1.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The plane crash o ______ （发生）when the pilot shutdown the wrong engine.2.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)About 3，000 housing units are under c ______ （建设）in the city.3.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)Past three d ______ （十年）have witnessed thedevelopment of the computer.4.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)When we are under stress, our bodies t ______ （倾向）to tense up.5.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)I am g ______ （感激的）for the assistance your staffhave provided.6.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The c ______ （最主要的）reason for this is that peopleare living longer.7.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The c ______ （习俗）of naming women after flowersis becoming less common.8.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)She finished her letter,and read it through with s ______（满意） .9.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The software e ______ （使能够）you to access theInternet in seconds.二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)ABest Family Vacations in CanadaWhen looking for the ideal destination for your next family vacation abroad, consider Canada for its wide range of multi-generational entertainment. Use this list to plan your next trip north, and vote below for your first-choice destination before you head out.Niagara Falls The maid of the mist boat tour may leave you fully wet, but it won't wet your spirit on your trip. When you're not admiring the falls, enjoy the blossoms at the Niagara Parks Botanical Gardens. Or, visit the Aquarium （水族馆）of Niagara, which has more than 1，500 species of aquatic animals.Prince Edward Island The background for the "Anne of Green Gables" stories, Prince Edward Island offers a variety of outdoor experiences-from sandy beaches to water sports like kayaking to exploring one of eight lighthouses. Plus, PEI is a quick flight from almost anywhere on the east coast.Whistler Kids will love hitting the slopes（斜坡）on Whistler and Blackcomb mountains nearby Vancouver. Whistler also features educational activities, such as the Squamish Lil'wat Cultural Centre, for families who want to gain some learning while on vacation.Vancouver You'll find most of Vancouver's kid-centered attractions in Granville Island and Stanley Park. The nearly 1，000-acre park has the Vancouver Aquarium, plus four playgrounds, and a mini-train. For a more exciting rush, walk across the450-foot-long Capilano Suspension Bridge.10.How may a visitor feel during the boat tour at Niagara Falls______A. Disappointed.B. Excited.C. Scared.D. Surprised.11.Which destination may a water sports lover choose______A. Niagara Falls.B. Prince Edward Island.C. Whistler.D. Vancouver.12.What do Whistler and Vancouver have in common？______A. They are famous for bridges.B. People can visit cultural centres.C. Aquariums are the main attraction.D. They have attractions for children.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)BWhen I was a teenager,I knew nothing about mental health. If you talked about "safe spaces"，I'd think that you meant a bank. What's more, I didn't care about mental health. Why would I As Dad used to say, "If it isn't broken, don't fix it!"But unfortunately my mental health did "break". I was diagnosed （诊断）as seriously clinically anorexic （厌食的）at age 23. I had immediate treatment in hospital, which lasted two and a half years. People always wonder what helped me recover and the key was simple：comedy （喜剧）.I'm a professional stand-up comic. Comedy began as my hobby and has progressed into a job. The word "comedy" is believed to come from the Ancient Greek kōmos meaning "to reveal"，whose job is to reveal, explain and understand things. This was something I turned to when I was in recovery from anorexia. I'd never been able to explain what going on inside my head；trying to explain what's going on in your mind is like trying to explain a color to someone who's blind. So humour became a way of understanding things and then a way of explaining them. Dr Dieter Declercq, Lecturer in Film at the University of Kent, believes "Humor can change our opinions on a difficult situation". However, he adds carefully that "We should avoid judgments like all humour is good for you." In his new book Satire, Comedy and Mental Health, he looks at how comedy can be used as a mental health method. Enjoyed with others, it is important for good mental health and recovery.Stand-up comedy was important to my recovery. I know I'm not alone in that. So I want to pay that forward and show other people your mental health doesn't have to be "broken" before you can "fix it".13.How did the author treat the issue of mental health as a teenager______A. She took it seriously.B. She was confident of it.C. She hated talking about it.D. She paid no attention to it.14.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3？______A. Explain how comedy helps.B. Share what she went through.C. State where comedy comes from.D. Show why comedy is a common hobby.15.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to______A. Comedy.B. Film.C. A difficult situation.D. The new book.16.In which section of a magazine is this text probably from？______A. Health & Life.B. Man & Nature.C. Science & Technology.D. Society & Opinion.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)CWhat is talent？Are you born with it？Or does it seem to develop over time？Before I start, I'd like to say that one thing everyone agrees on is that the most skilled musicians have worked hard to get there.While it's true that a few of us had enough "talent" to avoid extra practice to do just as well as those who did, those who worked hard easily beat us. It is, in fact, very likely that if some of us "talented ones" had actually been practicing and improving our skill, we would have achieved a whole different level.Another aspect of talent seems to be heart and passion （酷爱）. The people I see who are the most talented musicians are crazy about music. They eat, breathe, and live music and they make an extraordinary effort to make it part of their lives. As Remus Badea said, desire for the musician-to-be is significant for them to be successful. This desire is easily found in those considered to be talented. When you want and love something so bad, it drives you and your entire character can be shaped around it. Such determined passion seems to produce incredible skill and talent.The third aspect（方面）of talent is having talent around you. When surrounded by talented musicians, it only seems natural that you start to catch up to their level Take a look at almost any group of musicians in history. The more talented people in the group the more talented the group is as a whole. A great example of this is the relationship between audio producer and artist. The artist turns up to the studio with their song,and as they work through recording it, the audio producer will often suggest various changes to the song to make it better.17.What can we learn from Paragraph 2？______A. Pride goes before a fall.B. It's never too old to learn.C. Practice contributes to talent.D. Talent determines achievements.18.What is the key to success according to Remus Badea______A. Passion.B. Character.C. Skill.D. Talent.19.Why is the example mentioned in the last paragraph？______A. To introduce what real talents are.B. To explain how a song is composed.C. To prove talents need team spirit.D. To show the benefits of being with talents.20.What might the author probably agree with______A. Music has no limits.B. Musicians are born with talent.C. Music favors the talented.D. Musicians are created, not born.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)DThe use of AI （artificial intelligence）is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping. Traditional lines of work, such as goods transport and driving, are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view. Scientists at the University of Göttingen have now investigated how efficient （高效的）the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks."Digital applications-as well as machine leaning, a kind of AI-are increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area," explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics. "The question in the commercial area, however, is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals."To answer this question, the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications. Looking at trade delivery by truck, they studied three groups：the first drove completely following human decision-making models；the second used a combination of human and machine；and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving efficiency. "On average, the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips, with the fewest interventions （干预）and off-course from the best path." one researcher said, "Clearly, neithera completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods transport requirements." The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck, human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term. However, the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification （资格）needs will come along by working with AI applications, especially for simple goods transport activities.21.What does Matthias Klumpp focus on？______A. The efficiency of AI.B. The advantages of AI.C. The problems caused by AI.D. The wide applications of AI.22.How did the researchers get the finding______A. By providing examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By using different trucks.D. By listing three experiments.23.What can we know from the last paragraph？______A. AI is better at making decisions.B. A balance is needed between human and AI.C. Human will soon be replaced by AI in driving.D. AI applications meet the current requirements.24.What is the best title for the text______A. The future of transportB. Artificial intelligence as a co-driverC. Artificial intelligence-a better choice in drivingD. The strengths of artificial intelligence in transport三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)Due to its faraway location in the Pacific Ocean, New Zealand was one of the last countries to be discovered by humans. Although most of the current population are European descendants, it was the minority group known as the Maori who were the first to settle there. （1）______ .Maori arts are very popular with tourists. The Waka is a traditional canoe （独木舟）that has been skillfully carved out of a tree trunk, with beautiful carvings added to show tribal （部落的）history and culture.（2）______ . Visitors to Maori historic buildings can also see beautifully carved wooden architecture. In addition, there are countless smaller objects and masks that were made to honour ancestors or legends.（3）______ . It is made famous by New Zealand's national rugby union team,who often perform it before games. The kapa haka is a traditional dance performed for celebrations, special guests, and battle ceremonies. The performance includes different dances and songs that make up a whole.Traditional tattoos（文身），known as "moko"，are also a strong visual part of Maori culture. They are most often done in circle forms across a man's face, and on the chin （下巴）and lips of a woman. They represent a person's social class, and are also believed to increase attractiveness. （4）______ . It is often part of a ceremony to signal a person has passed an important milestone.There is so much more for visitors to discover about Maori culture. （5）______ ：a multicultural country that is forever developing in new and interesting ways.A. Receiving moko is seen as a great honourB. Maoris, whether young or old, are all dance loversC. However, New Zealand is also known for its diverse culturesD. It is an important part of what makes New Zealand a modern countryE. A large war canoe could be up to 40 metres long and hold up to 80 peopleF. Another well-known part of Maori culture is the traditional kapa haka danceG. Today, both past and present Maori culture can be found all over the country25. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G27. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The pandemic didn't allow Debra Ferrell, from Roanoke, Virginia, to gather with her whole family for her birthday. （1）______ ，she celebrated theday by（2）______ -with 53 gifts from her heart."This period is one of the（3）______ times in my history, so I （4）______ why not make other people smile," said Ferrell. She went on social media and asked people for （5）______ on acts of kindness that she could （6）______ for others during her birth month, one for every year that she's been （7）______ .The requests for her Oct, 4 birthday arrived from across the U. S：Parents who hoped for words of（8）______ for their kids on their first year of virtual school. A woman who wished for a gift basket for her doctor. A friend of a family in Minnesota that（9）______ their 4-year-old to cancer, who wanted them to feel that they were not （10）______ .For them, Ferrell found a memorial wind chime （风铃）with a （11）______ that says, "When you （12）______ the wind, I am with you.""（13）______ others is just one of my favorite things to do," said Ferrell. "I just feel that if we live our life trying to make other people （14）______ ，I'm the one who gets the （15）______ out of it."30. A. Anyhow B. Instead C. Moreover D. Indeed31. A. making up B. holding on C. giving back D. going away32. A. happiest B. ideal C. hardest D. original33. A. surveyed B. claimed C. complained D. figured34. A. gifts B. targets C. responses D. suggestions35. A. perform B. collect C. seek D. ask36. A. alive B. awkward C. energetic D. annoyed37. A. comment B. warming C. blessing D. encouragement38. A. lost B. left C. devoted D. applied39. A. sad B. alone C. wrong D. confused40. A. video B. note C. notice D. journal41. A. hear B. feel C. see D. observe42. A. Looking after B. Running after C. Caring for D. Calling for43. A. rest B. smile C. crazy D. nervous44. A. tiniest B. least C. worst D. most五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）45.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)The Chinatown in San Francisco is a very populartourist draw. The climate is mild all year round （1）______ （mean）it is always agood time to visit.Historically, Chinese migrants settled there as a residential area, which turned （2）______ a centre for Chinese culture. The（3）______ （major）of residents are still ethnic Chinese, most of （4）______ do not speak English fluently. This gives visitors （5）______ real taste of China.Most of the Chinatown （6）______ （rebuild）after the earthquake in 1906，with lots of Chinese architecture （7）______ （include）intentionally. To name but a few, the Tin How temple and Bank of Canton. Apart from the famous sites, visitors can spend hours exploring the interesting smells and sounds of China as well. What's more, a wide range of（8）______ （souvenir）and clothing can be found in stores. However, what attracts visitors most is the Chinese food, which（9）______ （suit）everyone's taste.As an important part of the diverse culture of the USA，Chinatown allows visitors who have never been to China（10）______ （experience）traditional Chinese culture first hand.六、单词拼写-单句（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）46.(2018·广东省佛山市·期中考试)Jack knew______ （绝对地） nothing about the business when he joined the firm．七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）47.(2021·山东省潍坊市·期中考试)假定你是李华，你校正在组织以"我的榜样"为主题的英语演讲比赛。
山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试数学试题 含答案
1．若函数 f ( x) = x2 + sin x ，则 f (0) = （ ）
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C．1
D．3
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A．1
B． −2
C．2
D．4
3．已知函数 f ( x) = x + 4 ，则 y = f ( x) 的极小值点是（ ）
lg 3 0.48）（第一空 2 分，第二空 3 分）
四、解答题：本大题共 6 小题，共 70 分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 17．（10 分）
在① bn
=
log2
1 an+1 log2
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an
−3
；③ bn
=
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an ，这三个条件中任选一个，补充在下面问
ex
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2021的解集是______．
16．某公司为一个高科技项目投入启动资金 2000 万元，已知每年可获利 20%，但由于竞争激烈，每年年底需 从利润中取出 200 万元资金进行科研、技术改造，方能保持原有利润的增长率，则第三年年初该项目的资金为
______万元，该公司经过______年该项目的资金可以达到或超过翻一番（即原来的 2 倍）的目标． （ lg 2 0.30 ，
2由题意知??11223ln3xxexx?所以????21ln312ln3xxxeex?因为213x?所以??12213ln30xxxxe??令????0xhxxex??????10xhxxe????所以??hx在??0??单调递增所以12ln3xx?1213xxe?????111111112121ln3lnlnxxxxexexxxxxxxe???令110xtxe??令??3lntgtt?????231lntgtt???所以当??0te???10g??当??te?????0gt??所以??gt在??0e单调递增在??e??单调递减所以????max3gtgee??所以1112lnxxxx?最大值为3e
潍坊市2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试 地理试题(含答案)
潍坊市2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试地理试题一、选择题（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）2020年7月31日（农历六月十一），北斗三号全球卫星导航系统正式开通（图1）。
该系统由30颗卫星组成，是与百姓生活关联最紧密的巨型角杂航天系统。
据此完成1〜2题。
图11.北斗系统的组成卫星A.静止不动B.隶属于地月系C.不是天体D.形成天体系统2.当晚天气晴朗，在夜空中看到的月相是2020年10月14日国家天文台通报：在过去24小时中太阳活动很低，该期间无明显太阳耀斑发生，日面上无可视黑子，又称为“白太阳”。
预示着太阳活动将进入“极小期”。
图2示意太阳大气层的结构，①②③代表太阳大气层的三个圏层。
据此完成3〜4题。
3.在过去24小时中A.①层的太阳耀斑不明显B.②层的日冕物质抛射剧烈C.②层的日珥活动较弱D.③层的太阳黑子较少4.“白太阳”现象持续发生期间A.极地地区均可观测到“极光”现象B.地球发生磁暴的频率较高C.太阳活动对海底光缆通信干扰较少D.全球的旱涝灾害更加频繁2019年6月17日22时55分，四川长宁县（震中）发生地震，震源深度16km,由于采用了ICL地震预警系统（利用电波比地震波速度快的原理，通知受影响地区提前预警的系统），极大的减少了因地震造成的伤亡和损失。
图3示意地震发生时自贡市和成都市发布的地震预警截图。
据此完成5 ~6题。
5.此次地震发生在A.软流层B.地壳C.下地幔D.古登堡界面6.相比自贡市，成都市A.到震中的距离远B.破坏程度大C.更早感受到纵波D.不受纵波影响2020年8月以来，美国西部多个州山火温度（°C），肆虐。
美国国家航空航天局称，在风力作用下，大火燃烧产生的烟雾席卷了整个美国大陆，造成严重的空气污染。
图4示意大气的垂直分层。
据此完成7 ~8题。
7.美国山火对大气层温度影响最明显的是A.①层B.②层C.③层D.④层8.美国山火会导致A.对流层厚度变小B.美国西海岸昼夜温差增大C.臭氧层严重破坏D.到达地面的太阳辐射减少每年冬天随着气温下降，江西省吉安市永丰县某大型农场砂糖橘种植基地的务工农民就要忙着给果树覆膜，为果树“穿”起“冬装”，做好果树的防寒防冻工作，保障果树和果实安全过冬（图5）,图6示意大气受热过程。
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市高三(上)期中物理试卷
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市高三（上）期中物理试卷一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．（3分）北斗卫星导航系统由多颗卫星组成，包括中圆地球轨道卫星、静止轨道卫星、倾斜地球同步轨道卫星。
中圆地球轨道卫星离地高度2.1万千米。
静止轨道卫星在地球赤道平面内，与地球自转周期相同，倾斜地球同步卫星与静止轨道卫星离地高度均为3.6万千米。
以下说法正确的是（）A．倾斜地球同步轨道卫星周期等于静止轨道卫星的周期B．倾斜地球同步轨道卫星周期大于静止轨道卫星的周期C．中圆地球轨道卫星的线速度小于静止轨道卫星的线速度D．中圆地球轨道卫星的运行周期大于静止轨道卫星的周期2．（3分）如图所示，物块a放置在水平地面上，通过跨过光滑定滑轮的轻绳与小球b相连，一水平力F作用于小球b，a、b均处于静止状态。
只改变水平力的大小，使b缓慢下降，直至拉b的轻绳竖直，若a受到地面的摩擦力为f，则该过程中（）A．f变小，F变大B．f变小，F变小C．f变大，F变小D．f变大，F变大3．（3分）港珠澳大桥目前是世界上最长的跨海大桥，一辆小汽车在平直的桥面上加速运动，某时有一辆卡车从另一车道追上小汽车，若以并排行驶时的位置为位移起点，两车速度的平方v2与位移x的变化关系如图所示，由图可知（）A．卡车运动的加速度大B．在x＝L处小汽车追上了卡车C．位移0～L段，卡车的平均速度大D．位移0～L段，小汽车的平均速度大4．（3分）如图所示，质量为m、长为L的铜棒ab，用两根等长的绝缘细线水平悬吊在竖直向上的匀强磁场中。
ab中未通电流时，细线竖直；通入恒定电流I后，棒静止时细线向纸面外偏转的角度为θ，重力加速度为g，则（）A．棒中电流的方向为b→aB．若只增大两细线的长度，ab静止时，细线与竖直方向的夹角小于θC．若只改变磁感应强度，使ab静止时，细线与竖直方向夹角为θ，则磁感应强度的最小值为D．若只改变磁感应强度，使ab静止时，细线与竖直方向夹角为θ，则磁感应强度的最小值为5．（3分）如图所示，圆形区域圆心为O，区域内有垂直于纸面向外的匀强磁场，MN为圆的直径。
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市潍城区八年级(下)期末物理试卷(Word+答案)
2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市潍城区八年级（下）期末物理试卷一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）1．（3分）跳水运动员利用跳板完成跳水动作，如图所示，使跳板向下弯曲发生形变的力是（）A．跳台对跳板的支持力B．跳板对运动员的支持力C．运动员受到的重力D．运动员对跳板的压力2．（3分）某同学利用弹簧测力计和不同质量的钩码探究“重力与质量的关系”，根据所得数据画出“G﹣m”图像如图所示。
根据图像，下列说法正确的是（）A．1kg＝0.1NB．0.1kg＝0.1NC．物体的质量与它受到的重力成正比D．若用大小不一的石块代替钩码进行实验，能够得到同样的结论3．（3分）下列事例中，属于减小压强的是（）A．滑雪板的面积做的较大B．斧子的刀口磨的很薄C．盲道做的凹凸不平D．破窗锤头做的很尖锐4．（3分）下列事例中，利用连通器工作的是（）A．活塞式抽水机B．船闸C．盆景自动给水装置D．自制气压计5．（3分）如图所示的事例中，利用大气压强的是（）A．回水管的水阻隔臭气B．拦河坝的形状上窄下宽C．用吸管吸饮料D．孔明灯升空6．（3分）第一位准确测量大气压强大小的科学家是（）A．帕斯卡B．托里拆利C．伽利略D．阿基米德7．（3分）如图所示，水面下两艘完全相同的潜艇，一艘正在上浮，另一艘正在下潜，下列说法正确的是（）A．正在下潜的是甲艇B．潜艇下潜时，所受的浮力不断增大C．两艘潜艇所受的重力相同D．两艘潜艇所受的浮力相同8．（3分）班级举行爬楼比赛，小明和小华同时出发，结果又同时从一楼爬到四楼，若比较谁的功率大，还需要知道的是（）A．上升的高度B．爬楼时间C．两人体重D．两人身高9．（3分）在如图所示的滚摆实验中，下列说法正确的是（）A．滚摆下降时，速度越来越快，机械能越来越大B．滚摆运动到最高点时速度为零，此时滚摆不具有机械能C．滚摆运动到最高点时速度为零，此时滚摆受力不平衡D．每次运动到最高点时的高度越来越低，说明滚摆具有的能量凭空消失了10．（3分）下列简单机械属于费距离杠杆的是（）A．核桃夹B．食品夹C．天平D．船桨二、多项选择题（本题共5个小题，共15分。
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(1)甲同学选用“×10”倍率的欧姆挡测量，发现多用电表指针偏转过大，因此需选择______（填“×1”或“×100”）倍率的欧姆挡，并重新进行欧姆调零后再进行测量，之后多用电表的示数如图（a）所示，测量结果为______Ω．
方案二：用伏安法进行较准确的测量
(2)已知电流表的内阻为0.8Ω，请按乙同学设计的电路原理图（b）将图（c）中的实物连线____．
(1)电容器充电结束后，将开关S扳到b放电的过程中，灵敏电流计指针会______偏（填“左”或“右”）。
(2)将开关S扳到a，让电源给电容器充电结束后，保持开关位置不变，若将电容器中间插入一层有机玻璃板，则在插入过程中灵敏电流计指针______偏（填“左”或“右”）。
13．某兴趣小组准备用两种方案测量同一金属器件的电阻．
(3)根据图（b）正确连接电路之后，不断改变R2的阻值，得到图（d）中所描出的各数据点．请作图连线____，并求得待测金属器件的电阻为______Ω（结果保留三位有效数字）．
四、解答题
14．真空中有两个带电小球A、B固定在绝缘水平面上，A、B相距L=30cm，所带电荷量分别为qA=-5×10-8C、qB=5×10-8C．A、B两小球均可视为点电荷，静电力常量k=9.0×109N•m2/C2．求
D．蓄电池将化学能转变成电能时，静电力做的功比一节干电池 电动势为 的大
4．将一内阻是2kΩ电压表的量程由0～3V扩大到0-15V，需要给它（ ）
A．串联 电阻B．并联 电阻C．并联 电阻D．串联 电阻
5．家电待机耗电问题常常被市民所忽视。据有关部门测量，电视机待机一天的耗电量在0.2度左右。据统计潍坊市的常住人口900多万人，以家庭户300万户，用电器平均每天待机20小时计，参考下表数据，估算每年潍坊市家庭用电器待机耗电总量约为（ ）
t/s
…
3.0
A．不称重物时电路中有电流
B．所称物体越重，电源两端电压越高
C．所称物体越重，滑动变阻器R两端电压越低
D．所称物体越重，电源的总功率越大
7．如图所示，当K闭合时，一带电微粒在平行板电容器间处于静止状态，下列说法正确的是
A．该微粒带正电荷
B．保持K闭合，使滑片P向右滑动，则微粒将向上运动
C．打开K后，使两极板稍微错开，则微粒将向下运动
A．b点的电场强度比a点的小
B．b点的电势比a点的高
C．将正电荷从a点移动到b点，电势能减少
D．将负电荷从a点移动到b点，电场力做正功
3．铅蓄电池的电动势为2V，这表示（ ）
A．蓄电池两极间的电压为2V
B．蓄电池能在1s内将2J的化学能转变成电能
C．电路中每通过1C电量，电源把2J的化学能转变为电能
(2)b点电势和该电荷在b点的电势能。
16．如图所示电路，闭合S1，当S2断开时，电流表和电压表示数分别是0.5A、8.5V；当S2闭合时，电流表和电压表示数分别是2.2A、6.8V，此时电动机恰好正常工作。已知电动机内阻R0=1Ω，电流表、电压表均为理想表。求：
(1)电源电动势和内阻；
(2)闭合S2时电动机输出功率。
17．如图所示，一质量为lkg、带电荷量为1.0×10-6C的物块静止于粗糙程度相同的绝缘水平面上．t=0时刻，加一斜向上、与水平方向成θ=37°角的无边界匀强电场，物体开始沿水平面向右运动，一段时间后冲上一倾角也为θ的足够长光滑绝缘斜面，不考虑物块由水平面到斜面的能量损失．从t=0时刻开始，每隔0.1s通过速度传感器测得物体的瞬时速度，部分测量数据如下表所示．已知sin37°=06，g=10m/s2．求：
D．打开K后，使两极板稍微靠近，则微粒仍保持静止
8．如图所示，图线1表示的导体的电阻为R1，图线2表示的导体的电阻为R2，则下列说法正确的是（ ）
A．R1：R2=3：1
B．R1：R2=1：3
C．将R1与R2串联后接于电源上，则电流比I1：I2=1：3
D．将R1与R2并联后接于电源上，则电流比I1：I2=1：3
(1)A、B两小球之间的库仑力大小；
(2)带电小球A在B处产生的场强。
15．如图所示，实线为匀强电场的电场线，电场强度大小为3.0×105N/C，把一带电量为2.0×10-9C的正电荷沿虚线从电场中a点移到b点，若ab连线与电场线方向夹角为60°，ab间距离为20cm，取a点电势为零。求：
(1)从a到b，电场力对电荷做的功；
二、多选题
9．比值定义法是物理学中定义物理量的常用方法，下列物理量的表达式是由比值法来定义的是
A． B． C． D．
10．如图所示，a、b、c、d是竖直平面内圆上的四个点，连线ab、cd均过圆心O且相互垂直，在圆心处固定一点电荷。现施加一方向与ab平行的匀强电场（图中未画出），则下列说法正确的是（ ）
A．a、b两点的电势相同
B．c、d两点的电势相同
C．a、b两点的电场强度等大
D．c、d两点的电场强度等大
三、实验题
11．某同学在实验中用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径，某次测量示数如图所示，此示数为_____mm。
12．“探究电容器充放电”的实验装置示意图如图所示，已知灵敏电流计0刻度在表盘中央位置，经判断：当电流从左接线柱流入时指针左偏；电流从右接线柱流入时指针右偏。请根据所学知识回答下列问题：
山东省潍坊市2020-2021学年高一（下）期中物理试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单选题
1．下列图片显示的技术中，属于防范静电危害的是（ ）
A． 静电复印B． 静电喷涂
C． 静电除尘D． 避雷针
2．如图所示，空间有一电场，电场中有两个点a和b．下列表述正确的是
家庭常用电器
电视机
洗衣机
空调
电脑
户均数量（台）
1
1
2
1
电器待机功耗（W/台）
102310A． 度B． 度C． 度D． 度
6．如图所示为大型电子地磅电路图，电源电动势为E，内阻为r．不称重物时，滑片P在A端；称重物时，在压力作用下使滑片P下滑，滑动变阻器接入电路的阻值发生变化，通过电流表的示数即可显示被称物体的重量值．在P滑动过程中，弹簧始终未超出弹性限度．则闭合开关S后，下列说法不正确的是（ ）