2020教师资格证考试英语学科知识简答题知识点

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教资英语科三简答题汇总

教资英语科三简答题汇总

教资英语科三简答题汇总1. What are the basic skills required for effective communication? 。

2. What is critical thinking? 。

Critical thinking is the ability to analyze and evaluate information, ideas, or arguments in a logical and objective manner, and to reach well-reasoned conclusions based on evidence and sound reasoning. 。

3. What is phonics? 。

Phonics is a method of teaching reading and writing through the sounds of letters and words. It teaches the relationship between letters and sounds, and how to blend and segment sounds to form words. 。

4. What is differentiation in the classroom? 。

Differentiation in the classroom refers to tailoring instruction to meet the individual needs and abilities of students. It involves setting different learning goals, providing different materials and activities, and using various strategies to support diverse learners. 。

2020年下半年教师资格证高中英语真题及解析

2020年下半年教师资格证高中英语真题及解析

高中英语学科知识与教学能力2020年下半年真题注意事项:1.考试时间为120分钟,满分为150分。

2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答。

在试卷上作答无效,不予评分。

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)1. /s/ and /z/ can be distinguished by the .A. place of articulationB. state of tongueC. state of vocal cordsD. manner of articulation【答案】C【解析】本题考查语音学。

/s/和/z/按发音方式为摩擦音,按发音部位为齿龈音,只有按照发音时声带是否震动判断,/s/为清辅音,/z/为浊辅音。

故本题选C。

2.The word “realization" consists of syllables and morpheme.A. five; fiveB. five; fourC. four; threeD. four; four【答案】C【解析】本题考查音系学。

realization 的音标为/ri:ələ'zeɪʃn/ 根据元音音素进行划分,可分为4个音节;realization 进行词素划分,可分为real,-ize,-tion三个词素。

故本题选C。

3. Which of the following is least associated with newspaper publishing?A. proofreadingB. editorialC. censorshipD. citizenship【答案】D【解析】本题考查语义学。

题干为:以下哪个与报纸印刷关系最弱? proofreading意为“校对”;editorial 意为“编辑的;主编”;censorship意为“审查制度;审查机构”;citizenship意为“公民身份;公民资格”,由语义可以进行区分,只有D项citizenship 和报纸印刷的关系最弱。

英语学科知识与教学能力简答题汇总

英语学科知识与教学能力简答题汇总

一、语言教学的策略有哪些,辩音训练及重音、语调训练的内容是什么。

答: 1、语音教学的策略采用多样化手段提高多样化教材在情境中进行体现趣味性让学生接触不同口音 2、对辩音训练及重音、语调训练的认识辩音训练:辩音练习主要是培养学生能够辨认和区分不同语音的能力,是提高学生听力的基础,具体方法可以是最小对比对训练:soap---soup,pen----ben ;判断单词的异同: red---red(same),rain---lane(different);找出一组词中读音不同的词:by—bye—buy—bay 重音、语调训练:意音分为词重音和句重音。

两个重音之间叫重音间距。

语调通常包括五种形式:平调、升调、降调、升降调和降升调。

训练方法主要有使用手势、提升语调以及在黑板上标识等方法。

二、在词汇教学的过程中,老师可教给学生哪些记忆单词的方法?请列举三种并解释说明。

答: 1、利用卡片进行记忆这种方法是将单词整理或写在卡片上,可供随时翻阅并加以记忆。

这种方法的特点是简单实用并易于携带,不受时间和空间的限制,可随时随地使用。

这样不仅可以寓学于乐,而且还可以提高对课余时间的合理有效利用程度。

2、构词记忆法教师可以教给学生记忆英语单词的构词法知识。

英语的构词法主要有三种:派生法、合成法和转化法。

派生法主要让学生知道英语单词的前缀和后缀;合成法主要是让学生掌握两个或两个以上的单词可以合成一个新的单词,转化法主要是让学生掌握同一个单词可以在不改变其拼写形式的基础上,由一种词性转化为另一种词性,可以是名词转化为动词,动词转化为名词,形容词转化为动词等。

如 water(v.浇水);lift(v.举起 n.电梯)last(adj.持续的 v. 持续) 3、读音规则记忆法老师在教单词的时候可以让学生了解字母及字母组合的发展规律,引导学生将单词的音和形结合起来,通过不断的练习使学生根据读音写出单词。

三、在听力训练时需要注意的事项有哪些?答: 1、注意区分和模仿正确的语言语调在听力训练中,有必要注意和模仿正确的语音语调。

最新教师资格统考 英语学科知识与教学能力·考点精编

最新教师资格统考 英语学科知识与教学能力·考点精编

英语学科知识与教学能力◢要点精编◣考点1·词汇辨析achieve“(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准),完成,成功”,approach“接近”,attain“(通常指经过努力)获得,达到”,acquire“学到,取到”;award “奖品,奖金”,reward “奖励,回报,悬赏金”,a llowance“津贴,补贴”,prize“奖,奖品,难能可贵的事物”;at times“有时”,to the minute“恰好,一分不差”,day by day“一天天”,around the clock“昼夜不停地”;other than“除了……以外,不同于,不(常用于否定结构中)”,r ather than“而不是……”,or rather“更确切地说”,or else“否则,要不然”。

考点2·动词时态与语态(1)现在进行时表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。

Sheis leaving for Beijing.(2)现在进行时代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。

TheYangtze River is flowing into the east.(3)现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行,即动作的延续性时。

— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.— I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.(4)下面主动形式常表示被动意义:The window wants/needs/requiresrepairing.The book is worth reading twice. Thedoor won’t shut.T he play won’t act. Thebook sells well.T he dish tastes delicious.Water feels very cold.考点3·状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after,since, till, until特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the1day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … whenI didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became anadult.E very time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.(2)目的状语从句常用引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that,for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that hecould sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the backcould hear more clearly.(3)让步状语从句常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词:as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while (一般用在句首), no matter…,in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.考点4·主语从句引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省,有时不能省,其原则是:若that 引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that 不能省略;若that 引导的主语从句位于句末,而在句首使用了形式主语it,则that 可以省略。

(完整版)英语学科简答题

(完整版)英语学科简答题

听力教学的目的是什么?培养学生什么能力?目的:增强对不同话语情景的识别能力,获取信息主旨大意,了解简单的具体事实、理解一定的逻辑关系以及事物发展的时间和空间顺序等,理解说话人的意图和态度。

能力:听关键信息;听懂并执行指示语;听懂大意和主题;确定事物的发展顺序或逻辑关系;预测;理解说话人的意图和态度;评价所听内容。

教师应如何选择听力材料?接近真实语境中的话语;说话人的话语应尽量体现个性特征;适度使用辅助的直观视觉材料;适度调控话语轮次;与学生生活联系紧密,语言水平相当。

教师在听力教学中所扮演什么角色?要点:提供材料,鼓励、启发、引导、帮助、监控、评价。

(需要展开说明)(二)口语教学1. 口语教学中应当遵循哪些原则?(1)听力基础上培养说的能力(2)平衡准确性与流利性原则(3)注意得体性与连贯性原则(4)强调实践性与激励性原则(5)多方式循序渐进训练口语2.成功口语活动的注意事项(1)符合口语活动设计原则口语活动的人物与话题要有真实性和可操作性贴近生活;难度适当,内容有梯度(2)设计丰富多彩的口语活动(3)口语活动要体现全员参与性口语教学的目的是什么?培养学生什么能力?目的:就简单的话题提供和交流信息,乐于表达个人观点和态度,逐步掌握倾听和呼应的技能,把握谈话线索和轮次,有效询问信息和澄清意思,获取帮助,解决力所能及的实际生活问题。

能力:引出话题;维持交谈;插话;转移话题;话轮转换;引起注意;澄清意思;请求澄清;表示倾听和理解;预示和结束谈话;利用语音、语调表达意思。

教师应如何选择口语材料?1. 与学生水平相当;2. 贴近学生生活;3. 话题具体,目的明确;4. 有利于学生参与、合作;5. 具有趣味性和真实性;6. 有利于口语交际和表达。

教师在口语教学中所扮演什么角色?示范、鼓励、引导、帮助、监控,评价。

(需要扩充)阅读教学的目的是什么?培养学生什么能力?目的:乐于阅读,基本养成阅读兴趣和良好的阅读习惯,掌握概括大意、理解词义、预测故事情节等基本阅读方法,基本掌握常用阅读策略, 初步形成语感。

教资高中英语科三简答题汇总

教资高中英语科三简答题汇总

教资高中英语科三简答题汇总教资高中英语科三简答题汇总教资考试是中国近年来非常重要的资格考试之一,它涉及到全国许多年轻人的职业前途与未来的发展方向。

如果您的职业目标是成为一名高中英语教师,那么您需要参加教资高中英语的考试,其中科三是最为重要的一部分。

竞争异常激烈,准备考试的时候,准备好自己力所能及的每一道题目非常重要。

下面我们来看一下教资高中英语科三简答题的汇总。

1. what is communicative competence? How to develop itin EFL classroom?解答: Communicative competence refers to our ability to use language to communicate in various situations. It is not enough to simply know the vocabulary and grammar rules of a language, we must be able to use them effectively in order to achieve our communicative intent. In EFL classroom, communicative competence can be developed through a varietyof activities that encourage students to interact with each other in meaningful ways, such as role-play, debates, and group discussions. Teachers can also provide students with authentic materials and real-life scenarios that simulate the language use outside of the classroom.2. Explain how you would teach literary appreciation ina high school English class.解答: In order to teach literary appreciation in a high school English class, it is important to follow a structured approach. Firstly, the teacher should introduce the literary work to the students, and provide some background information on the author, the context, and the setting. Secondly, theteacher should guide students to build their basic reading strategies, such as recognizing literary devices, understanding the plot, and analyzing the characters. Then, the teacher can encourage the students to make connections between the text and the real world and relate it to their own experiences. Finally, students can be encouraged to express their own opinions, feelings, and reactions towards the literary works through discussion, presentation, or writing assignments.3. Explain how you would differentiate instruction for a high school English class with students of varying levels.解答: In order to differentiate instruction for a high school English class with students of varying levels, the teacher can adopt several strategies. Firstly, the teacher should assess the students' proficiency levels accurately and form heterogeneous or homogeneous groups. Secondly, the teacher can adjust the instructions or materials based on the needs or pace of the students, such as providing extra resources or challenging tasks for advanced students, and slowing down or simplifying the instructions for lower-level students. Thirdly, the teacher can use different teaching methods or modalities, such as lectures, class discussion, cooperative learning, or interactive multimedia to cater to different learning preferences and styles. Finally, the teacher can provide feedback or use formative assessment to monitor the progress of the students and adjust the instructions accordingly.4. Explain your understanding of Bloom's taxonomy and how you would use it in lesson planning.解答: Bloom's taxonomy is a hierarchical classification system of cognitive skills designed to facilitate educatorsin creating objectives and assessments that promote higher-level thinking skills. The taxonomy comprises six different levels of cognitive thinking which are knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. For example, knowledge refers to the recall of information, comprehension refers to the understanding of information, and application refers to using the information to solve problems.As a teacher, I would use Bloom's taxonomy to plan my lessons by setting specific objectives that relate to different levels of cognitive skills, and then designing various activities or assessments to evaluate the students' learning at each level. For instance, I could begin a lesson by asking students to recall information from previous lessons or reviewing some basic skills, and then gradually move towards more complex tasks that require analysis, synthesis, or evaluation. By using Bloom's taxonomy to structure my lessons, I can better challenge students to reach their full potential, and improve their higher-order thinking skills.在备考教资高中英语考试时,掌握简答题的答题技巧非常重要。

教师资格证外语教育知识与能力简答题归纳汇总

教师资格证外语教育知识与能力简答题归纳汇总

教师资格证外语教育知识与能力简答题归
纳汇总
第一部分语言知识
语音知识
- 拼音规则及应用
- 四声规律和变调规律
- 音节结构、重读和轻读
- 特殊音(拼音中特有的音)
- 声调的意义、类型及区分
- 浊音、清音的发音及特点
- 同音异调、同调异音、多音字及其应用
- 外语中的读音规律及英语中重读音节规律
语法知识
- 中文句子成分及其功能
- 并列句、复合句和简单句的概念、特征、类型和结构
- 句子的语序及其特点
- 语法关系(主谓关系、动宾关系、定状补关系、并列关系、从属关系)
- 助动词的种类、用法及其含义
- 外语语法中的基本句型和时态
词汇知识
- 词类及其区分
- 同义词、反义词的辨析
- 单词的构成及其排序
- 多义词、近义词和错误词用法
第二部分形式与技巧
外语教学中的思维技巧
- 思维的类型和层次
- 思维技巧的种类和难点
外教教学中的语言技巧
- 外教教学中的情景语言(简介、道歉、询问等常用情景)
- 外教教学中的听说技巧(如声音的语调、正确发音等)
- 教学中的情态动词(如“可以”、“应该”等)
外语教学中的心理技巧
- 研究的目标和难点
- 研究的心态
结束语
以上就是本文对于教师资格证外语教育知识与能力简答题的归纳汇总,只要认真掌握上述内容,并且在实践中多加运用,相信一定能够取得优异的成绩。

教师资格证英语学科知识考试重点

教师资格证英语学科知识考试重点

教师资格证英语学科知识考试重点英语考试五大重点难点想要在资格证笔试中取得好的成绩,必须突破一下常考难点。

As引导的让步状语从句中的倒装是单选题中的常考点,也是考生比较纠结的点。

阅读的教学模式、形成性评价和教师角色在国考资格证笔试试卷中呈现的题型可以是单选题、简答题,也可以在教学情景分析题和教学设计题中隐性考查!一、在教授英语阅读课时,教师常用的阅读教学模式有哪几种?英语阅读教学常用教学模式有三种:自上而下的模式、自下而上的模式和交互补偿模式。

(1)自上而下的模式(the top-down model)是在对语言层次的词语进行解码时,同样也运用自己的知识对文章的下文进行预测,阅读检验自己的预测、修订自己的预测、进行新的预测。

教师可以向学生介绍一些背景知识,预测文章内容,验证预测内容,从而到最后的理解文意。

(2)自下而上的模式(the bottom-up model)是从字母到单词,到句子,逐个进行解码从而理解全文。

该模式在阅读教学中比较看重词汇教学,包括读前讲授单词和阅读过程中词语用法的分析。

(3)交互补偿模式(the interactive model)是以上两种模式的结合,是比较科学的模式。

它既强调背景知识、上下文预测的重要性.又不忽视单词、短语的解码能力.迅速捕捉关键信息以理解阅读材料的重要性,反映了阅读过程的本质。

二、什么是形成性评价?形成性评价是指教师在英语教学过程中,通过问卷法、问答法、观察记录法、学生作品分析法以及测验等方法,对学生学习过程中表现出的兴趣、态度、参与活动程度和他们的语言发展状态做出判断,对他们的学习尝试做出肯定,以促进学生的学习积极性,帮助教师改进教学。

形成性评价还包括学生相互评价和学生自我评价等方式,它伴随着整个英语教学过程,对英语教学起着十分重要的促进作用。

三、为什么在英语教学过程中应以形成性评价为主?①在英语教学中实施形成性评价有利于激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣,增强学生学习动机;②调动全体学生的积极性,使每一个学生都能参与到教学的各个环节中来;③创造一种紧张而又活跃的课堂气氛;④让每一个学生都能发现自己的优点,看到自己的进步,使每一个学生的价值在英语课堂得以体现,从而帮助学生树立自信心;⑤培养学生良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略;⑥培养学生自我管理的意识和能力;⑦帮助发展学生自主学习的能力和合作精神,从而不断提高教育教学水平,提高英语教学质量。

2020年下半年教师资格证高中英语真题及解析

2020年下半年教师资格证高中英语真题及解析

高中英语学科知识与教学能力2020年下半年真题注意事项:1.考试时间为120分钟,满分为150分。

2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答。

在试卷上作答无效,不予评分。

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)1. /s/ and /z/ can be distinguished by the .A. place of articulationB. state of tongueC. state of vocal cordsD. manner of articulation【答案】C【解析】本题考查语音学。

/s/和/z/按发音方式为摩擦音,按发音部位为齿龈音,只有按照发音时声带是否震动判断,/s/为清辅音,/z/为浊辅音。

故本题选C。

2.The word “realization" consists of syllables and morpheme.A. five; fiveB. five; fourC. four; threeD. four; four【答案】C【解析】本题考查音系学。

realization 的音标为/ri:ələ'zeɪʃn/ 根据元音音素进行划分,可分为4个音节;realization 进行词素划分,可分为real,-ize,-tion三个词素。

故本题选C。

3. Which of the following is least associated with newspaper publishing?A. proofreadingB. editorialC. censorshipD. citizenship【答案】D【解析】本题考查语义学。

题干为:以下哪个与报纸印刷关系最弱? proofreading意为“校对”;editorial 意为“编辑的;主编”;censorship意为“审查制度;审查机构”;citizenship意为“公民身份;公民资格”,由语义可以进行区分,只有D项citizenship 和报纸印刷的关系最弱。

2020年教师招聘英语学科专业知识考点梳理(105页)

2020年教师招聘英语学科专业知识考点梳理(105页)

2020年教师招聘英语学科专业知识考点梳理(105页)第一部分词法考点一名词的用法一、名词的复数1. 名词变复数的规则形式1)一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups2)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先变y为i再加es city-----cities family-----families3)以元音字母+y 结尾的名词,直接加s key-----keys,toy-----toys4)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es bus-----buses wish------wishes watch-----watches5)以o 结尾的名词,变复数时,大部分情况下加-es hero-----heroespotato------potatoes tomato-----tomatoes但下面这几类词只加-sa. 以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词,如:radio-----radios kangaroo-----kangaroosb. 一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:piano-----pianos solo-----solos tobacco-----tobaccosc. 一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilo(kilogram/kilometer)-----kilos photo(photograph)-----photos Eskimo-----Eskimosd. 个别词加-es,-s都可以,如:halo-----halos/haloes6)以f、fe 结尾的,先把f、fe变v 再加es .leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的man----men woman---women child----childrenfoot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice3. 单数和复数形式相同deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanesemeans(手段,方法)----means species(物种)----species4. 某国人的复数1)中、日不变Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2)英、法变Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3)其余s加后面American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词1. 不可数名词的特点1)不能直接用数字表数量2)不能直接加a或an3)没有复数形式4)可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰5)可用“量词短语”表示2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词,如a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格1. ’s 所有格1)用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时,这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”Tom and Jerry's room Tom和Jerry共有的房间2)用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时,这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”Tom's and Jerry's rooms Tom和Jerry各自的房间(分别拥有一个房间)3)以s结尾的名词,变所有格时在s后加’,不以s 结尾的复数名词,仍加’s Teachers’Day 教师节Children’s Day 儿童节4)表示店铺/医院/诊所/住宅等名称时,常在名词后加’s 代表全称at the doctor’s at the Bob’s5)由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything 等和else 连用时,所有格应加在else的后面。

教师资格证考试高中英语复习资料(知识要点)

教师资格证考试高中英语复习资料(知识要点)

教师资格证考试高中英语复习资料(知识要点)学习策略简答题:一.简述高中英语课程基本理念1.重视共同基础,构建发展平台2.提供多种选择,适应个性需求3.优化学习方式,提高自主学习4.关注学生情感,提高人文素养二.简述教师如何提高专业水平,与新课程同步发展1)转变教学观念,不仅看学习,整体素质也发展,把全面发展作为教学基本出发点2)改变教学角色,不仅是(知识)传授者,还是(学习)促进者、指导者、组织者、帮助者、参与者、合作者。

3)能开发课程资源,创造性教学。

4)开放的工作方式,教师间合作研究,共同反思,相互支持,提高素质。

5)终身学习语音教学高中生应掌握的英语基础知识:语音、词汇。

语法、功能、话题教学原则:1.面向全体学生,为学生终身发展奠定共同基础共同基础--持续的学习动机,初步的自主学习能力,综合的语言运用能力2.鼓励学生选修,加强选修课的指导1)提供多样化选择,发展个性2)设计以课程目标和学生需求为依据,充分调查学生学习兴趣、水平、需求3)教学内容多样性、目的性、拓展性、可行性、地方特色、跨文化特性3.关注学生情感,营造宽松、民主、和谐的教学氛围4.加强对学生学习策略的指导,形成自主学习5.树立符合新课程要求的教学观念,优化教育教学方式英语教学中的任务设计原则:1)明确目的2)真实意义3)涉及接收、处理、传递等过程4)过程中使用英语5)通过做事情完成任务6)任务结束有具体成果6.利用现代教育技术,拓宽和运用英语的渠道7.教师要不断提高专业化水平,与新课程同步发展教学活动类型:1.调查和采访活动2.探究活动3.合作学习4.即兴发言与讨论5.反思活动6.思维训练活动:2)网络关系,表达主次从属关系3)分析异同4)流程图5)树形图(对学生)评价原则1.体现学生在评价中的主体地位2.建立多元化和多样性的评价体系1)开放宽松的氛围,鼓励学生、同伴、教师、家长共同参与,实现多元化2)形成性评价(主)与终结性评价相结合,既关注结果,又关注过程;定性(主)、定量评价相结合;他评自评相结合;综合性(主)、单项评价相结合3.主张形成性评价对学生发展的作用1)评价符合学生年龄和认知水平2)综合评价,而不是单方面评价4.终结性评价要注重考察学生综合语言运用能力5.注重评价结果对教学效果的反馈6.评价应体现必修课和选修课的不同特点7.注重实效,合理评价8.以课程目标为依据教材编写原则(1)时代性原则(2)基础性、选择性相结合(3)发展性和拓展性(4)科学性(5)思想性教材使用建议1.对教材内容适当补充删减2.替换教学内容活动3.扩展教学内容活动4.调整教学顺序5.调整教学方法6.总结教材使用情况词汇教学原则(1)词汇选择原则。

2020年下半年教师资格证初中英语真题及解析

2020年下半年教师资格证初中英语真题及解析
C.Sharing background infonnalion about the text・
D Correcting language mistakes students have made・
【答案】
【解析】此题考查导入。
在课程导入阶段.要以激活学生背景知识.熟悉话题为主.同时为了帮助学生更好地学 习
D.
16.Which of the following best describes the phenomenon dial learners apply the skills acquired in one field to another?
A. TransferB・Deduction
C. ContextualizationD・Induction
A. An organizer・B・An obserxer
C. An evaluatorD・A prompter
【答案】
【解析】此题考查教师角色。
A
当教师在课堂上布置任务.阐述任务步骤及时间限制,该教师是在组织课堂活动,所以表达 的是组织者的角色。故此题选
12.What does he/she intend to do when a teacher writes the following sentences She gets up early. She wears a iinifbmi・She works very hard, on the blackboard ar the presentation stage?
each of the following sentences
using the passive voice.
A. Skill
B. Meaning

教师资格证 小学英语学科专业知识考试考点背诵

教师资格证 小学英语学科专业知识考试考点背诵

教师教师公开招聘/入编考试考试考点背诵(小学英语学科专业知识)词法考点(1) 名词(1)名词的分类:名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人、地方、机构等专有的名称。

普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,可分为四类:个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词。

个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。

(2)名词变复数:①以s,x,ch,sh 结尾的名词加es,如bus—buses。

②以y 结尾的专有名词或元音字母加y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s。

如holiday—holidays。

③以元音字母加o 结尾的名词,变复数时加s,如zoo—zoos;以辅音字母加o 结尾的名词,变负数时加es,如tomato—tomatoes。

④以f 或fe 结尾的名词,变f 或fe 为v 加es,如leaf—leaves。

但roof,chief,proof 加s。

⑤名词复数的不规则变化:child—children,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men 等。

(3)定语名词的复数:名词作定语一般用单数,但也有例外:如students reading-room 学生阅览室;man,woman 等作定语时,其单复数由所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

如men workers;有些原有s 结尾的名词,作定语时,s 保留。

如clothes brush 衣刷;数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,如two-hundred trees 两百棵树。

(4)名词的格:单数名词词尾加“’s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“’s”,如the boy’s bag 男孩的书包;若名词已有复数词尾-s,只加“’”,如the workers’ struggle 工人的斗争;凡不能加“’s” 的名词,都可以用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系,如the title of the song 歌的名字;在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如t h e barber’s 理发店;如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”,只有一个's,则表示“共有”。

英语教师招聘学科专业知识总结及题库

英语教师招聘学科专业知识总结及题库

英语教师招聘学科专业知识总结及题库(一)第一部分知识点总结1. 名词(1)名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。

不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。

不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。

要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。

要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。

如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。

(2)名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。

B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es(3)名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。

如:the worker's bike,the Children’ s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后’ s。

如:This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。

如:the students’ books,the girls’ blouses(另外:名词+of+名词名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。

如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。

)2. 代词人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词(1)人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数they them their theirs themselves(2)物主代词物主代词的用法:形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词;名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

2020年教师招聘考试重点汇总三《初中英语学科》

2020年教师招聘考试重点汇总三《初中英语学科》

2020年教师招聘考试重点汇总三《初中英语学科》一、单选题1、Passage16Birds are a critical part of our ecological system.But more than ever,birds are threatened by human pollution and climate change.We need the birds to eat insects,move seeds and pollen around, transfer nutrients from sea to land,clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs,or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest.How could we enjoy spring without the birds flitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the flowers in our urban window box?Can you contemplate America without the soaring bald eagle,or even those scavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scraps on our city streets and waterfronts? How diminished our lives would be without them?Scavenging eagles and condors need hunters to behave responsibly and bury,or remove,the remains of any shot deerpeppered with fragments of lead bullets.Loons,ducks and other water birds will be poisoned by lead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop in their feeding space.All sea and shore birds,even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians,need us to make sure that no other heavy metals,like mercury and cadmium,are dumped in rivers and make their way across the oceans.Birds like the terns,knots and our planet need people everywhere shear waters that migrate between the far north and deep,to cease and desist from filling in their wetland fuel deep, south of stops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts and factories in their feeding and breeding grounds. Seabirds are among the most endangered vertebrate species on the planet,with the International Union for Conservation of Nature classifying97species as globally threatened,and17in the highest critically threatened.Of greatest concern areslow-breeding albatross.the pelicans of the southern oceans and the speccategory of tacular,but Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don't mistakenlycarry anw such debris back to feed their chicks,with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross,cormorants herons need us to stop over-fishing and compromising their normal food supply.The pelicans,penguins and all the birds that inhabit,or visit,our coastlines need us to ensure that do not dump oil into gulfs and bays,or release so much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere that the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels and oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton that feeds so many creatures,and the coral reefs that nurture enormous numbers of edible species.Think about it:We share this small green planet.As they fly, feed and nest,the birds monitor the health of the natural world for us,provided that we,in turn,make the effort to access that key information.The birds and humans are both large,complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms that inhabit the top of the food chain.At the end of the day,their fate will be our fate.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word"contemplate"in PARAGRAPH THREE?A.Live in.B.Think about.C.Arrive at.ment on.2、Passage20Teacher education provided by U.S.colleges and universities has been routinely criticized since its inception in the early nineteenth century,sometimes deservedly.These programs,like non-university programs,are uneven in quality and can be improved.What makes today’s criticisms different is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups,and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneurs to deregulate the preparation of teachers,and to expand independent,alternative routes into teaching.This effort to"disrupt"the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gained considerable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists,philanthropy,and the U.S.Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding.The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its university system and replace much of it with independent,private programs.The resulting system of teacher preparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure,content,and processes moving away from its current location alongside legal,medical,and other professionalpreparation that pairs academic degrees with professional training.Throughout the nation,states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas and geographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards for becoming a teacher or,like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number of teacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies.The federal government has contributed to the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy provision in the new K-12education law,the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages states to expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities.Because of the increasing tuition rates,a consequence in part,of cuts in funding to public universities that continue to educate most U.S.teachers,enrollments in college and university teacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country.Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing the nation's classrooms and addressing our serious and enduringproblems in education inequities.Additionally,advocacy groups, philanthropists,and so-called education entrepreneurs are working aggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching.Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution to teacher shortages and education inequities,policy makers should very carefully examine the evidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidly expanding while university teacher education enrollments decline.What measures have been taken by some states to deal with their teacher shortages?A.To increase the number of qualified teachers.B.To increase funds for teacher education programs.C.To expand non-university teacher education programs.D.To establish the baseline of teacher education programs.3、Passage5A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form.Poe,master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words.Because great poetry is often pure music,haunting melody,and chiming syllables,the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine-skipping a word here and a line there,and still hope to get what the author had intended for him.Poetry being music, like all other forms of music,it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires-beauty of thought,of feeling, of expression,and of technical skill.But poetry is more than a great pleasure.It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods.It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech,giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories,and furnishes release and relief to our fears,grieves and sorrows.A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts,or suppressed moods,our crushed desires,and needs,and leads them out into the open,endowing them with a harmony, and completeness…Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life,and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation.Listen to Tennyson: Flower in the crannied wall,I pluck you out of the crannies,I hold you here,root and all,in my hand,Little flower-but if I could understand,What you are,root and all,and all in all,I should know what God and man is.According to the author,a great poet is one who_______.A.gives meaning to readers,lifeB.makes readers blessed with wisdomC.puts readers in a peaceful state of mindD.enables readers to have a sense of belonging4、Passage10People do not analyze every problem they meet.Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.Other times they begin to act without thinking;they try to find a solution by trial and error.However,when all these methods fail,the person with a problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem.For example,Sam's bicycle is broken,and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repair his bicycle,he must find out the reason why it does not work.For instance,he must determine if the problem is with the gears,the brakes,or the frame.He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels.At this time,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears.He can talk to his friends at the bike shop.He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem,the person should have several suggestions for a.possible solution.Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be:put oil on the gear wheels;buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones;tighten or loosen the gear wheels. Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam, for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels.He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested.Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short, he has solved the problem.What is the best title for this passage?A.Six Stages for Repairing sam's BicycleB.Possible Ways to Problem-solvingC.Necessities of Problem AnalysisD.Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem5、Passage14According to sociologists,there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group.In the family,traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents.In other cases,such as friendship groups,one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders,although there is no formal process of selection.In larger groups,leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability,decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of"natural leaders".It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common;rather,virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group.Group members look to instrumental leaders to"get things done".Expressiveleadership,on the other hand,is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group´s members.Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict amongthem.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members.They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group ´s goals.Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group.They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.As the differences in these two roles suggest,expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members;instrumental leaders,if they are successful in promoting group goals,may enjoy a more distant respect.The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on_______.A.ensuring harmonious relationshipsC.identifying new leadersB.sharing responsibility with group membersD.achieving a goal二、简答题1、用四种方法对戏剧片段“Romeo and Juliet”进行课堂导入,并举例。

2020年下半年教师资格证初中英语真题及解析

2020年下半年教师资格证初中英语真题及解析

初中英语学科知识与教学能力2020年下半年真题注意事项:1.考试时间为120分钟,满分为150分。

2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答。

在试卷上作答无效,不予评分。

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)1. Which of the following shows the correct stress of the word "pedestrian" ?A./'padestriən/B./pades'triən/C./padestri'ən/D./pa'destriən/【答案】D【解析】本题考查语音学。

Petrol 和 gasoline是汽油的两种同义表达,petrol英式英语,gasoline为美式英语,即为同义词。

故本题选C。

2. Which of the following words has a different stress pattern?A. FacilityB. CaterpillarC. CommunityD. Accompany【答案】B【解析】本题考查语音学。

题干为以下哪个单词的重音与其他不同。

facility [fəˈsɪləti]、community [kəˈmjuːn əti]、accompany[əˈkʌmpəni] 的重音均在第二音节上,而caterpillar[ˈkætəpɪlər]的重音在第一音节上。

故本题选B。

3. Because of the strong sun the new drawing-room curtains have from dark blue to grey.A. fadeB. paledC. faintedD. blurred【答案】A【解析】本题考查动词。

题干为由于太阳光照强烈,新上色的窗帘从深蓝色褪色成了灰色。

表达褪色用fade。

pale 意为“发白,变白”;faint意为“衰落,变得微弱”;blur意为“模糊”。

2020年初中英语教师资格考试必考知识点超详细考点总结

2020年初中英语教师资格考试必考知识点超详细考点总结

第一部分语言知识与能力第一章英语语言知识二、语音(Speech Sounds)P781、语音分类发音方式发音部位VL - 清浊音(voiceless consonant)VD - 浊辅音(voiced consonant)2、音系学(phonology)P79(1)同化规则(assimilation Rule)progressive assimilation 顺同化(前面带偏后面)workedregressive assimilation 逆同化(后面带偏前面)newspaper reciprocal/double assimilation 互相同化did you(2)音节(syllable)tea chi-na im-pos-si-ble重音(stress)声调(tone)(3)语音变化(vocal variety)liaison 连读pick it upplosion 爆破音plosion loss 失去爆破sit down ;incomplete plosion 不完全爆破ask ednasal plosion 鼻腔爆破button ;lateral plosion 舌边爆破little三、形态学(Morphology)1、morpheme 词素重点!P87(1)free morpheme 自由词素dog ;bound morpheme 黏着词素moonwalk(2)root 词根;affix 词缀(prefix 前缀、suffix 后缀);stem 词干friend-ships(3)inflectional affix 屈折词缀-s,-ing,-ed不同形式(4)derivational affix 派生词缀改变词性和意义2、(1)inflection 屈折变化-s,-ing,-ed不同形式(2)word-formation 词的形成:compounding 复合法through-outderivation 派生法(prefixation 前缀化suffixation 后缀化)il-logical-ly。

教师资格证高中英语科目三简答题知识点

教师资格证高中英语科目三简答题知识点

高中英语科目三是教师资格证考试中的一个重要科目,它涵盖了教师应该掌握的高中英语教学内容和知识点。

在这篇文章中,我们将对高中英语科目三中的简答题知识点进行一次系统的总结和梳理,以帮助考生更好地备考和应对考试。

一、高中英语科目三简答题的基本要求1. 简答题的命题范围高中英语科目三的简答题主要涉及英语教学理论、教学方法、学生分析等知识点,考生需要熟悉这些内容,并且掌握其核心要点。

2. 简答题的答题技巧在应对简答题时,考生需要注意条理清晰、言之有物,尽量用简练的语言表达清楚自己的观点,并且结合具体的例子或教学实践进行说明,以突显自己对知识点的深刻理解和实际应用能力。

二、高中英语科目三中常见的简答题知识点1. 英语教学理论英语教学理论是高中英语科目三简答题的重要内容之一,其中包括语言教学方法、语言学习理论、教学原则等。

考生可以结合自己的教学实践和研究成果,从不同的角度去诠释英语教学理论的内涵和实际运用。

2. 教学设计教学设计是教师在教学过程中必须具备的重要能力之一,考生需要了解不同的教学设计模式、教学活动设计原则、教学目标的设定和评价等内容,以便在教学实践中能够灵活运用这些知识点,提高教学效果。

3. 学生分析学生分析是指教师对学生进行科学细致的分析,了解他们的学习特点、学习需求和兴趣爱好,以便更好地设计和实施教学活动。

考生需要掌握学生分析的方法和技巧,能够结合班级具体情况进行学生分析,并提出相应的教学建议。

4. 教学评价教学评价是教学过程中必不可少的一环,它能够反映教学效果,帮助教师调整教学策略和方法。

考生需要理解教学评价的内涵和意义,掌握不同的教学评价方法和工具,能够灵活运用这些知识点进行教学效果评估和提升。

5. 教学技能教学技能是指教师在实际的教学过程中所具备的技能和能力,包括课堂管理、板书设计、教学方法灵活运用等。

考生需要通过自身的教学实践,总结和提炼出不同的教学技能,能够在简答题中进行深入的分析和阐述。

2020教师招聘考试:中小学英语教师基础知识资料(1)-乐题库

2020教师招聘考试:中小学英语教师基础知识资料(1)-乐题库

第一篇词法一、名词(一) 知识概要名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法,但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念,而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。

我们不妨把它分为两大类:专有名词与普通名词。

顾名思义,专有名词是指:个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称,如,the Great Wall,America…它们是不能随意变动的。

而普通名词中则包括个体名词,如pen, worker…它表示单一的个体人或事物;集体名词,如:family,class,team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体;物质名词,如:water,paper…它表示的是一种物质,原材料;而后一种是抽象名词,如:work, time…它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到,但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。

见下表。

名词一览表种类专有名词London, John, the Communist Party of China普通名词类名词nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table集体名词class, family, army, police, team, people物质名词water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand抽象名词happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest功用主语My family is now in New York.表语His father is a scientist.宾语We love our great motherland.宾语补足语He made London the base for his work.定语The girls are making paper flowesrs.状语The car cost him 1000 dollars.同位语Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here.名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数,即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。

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一. 阅读教学一:新课标要求的阅读教学1、阅读技能的教学教学目的:培养阅读策略;培养语感;特别强调培养学生在阅读过程中获取和处理信息的能力。

基本技能:略读(skimming);找读(scanning);预测下文;理解大意;分清文章中的事实和观点;猜测词义;推理判断;了解重点细节;理解文章结构;理解图表信息;理解指代关系;理解逻辑关系;理解作者意图;评价阅读容。

材料选择:贴近学生生活和语言水平;题材广泛,体裁多样;具有思想性、趣味性、知识性、挑战性和时代性。

教师角色:鼓励、启发、引导、帮助、监控、参与、反馈与评价。

二.泛读(Extensive reading)和精读(Intensive reading)(考点预测)2015年下半年曾经考过精听与泛听的区别,那么之后会不会考精读与泛读的区别呢?所以大家多注意吧。

一)定义:泛读:是一种快速、广泛接触语言材料信息的方法。

泛读不要求学习者分析语言材料的生词,语言规则等,只需要了解语言材料的性质、涉及围和容梗概,旨在通过大量接触英语,发挥语言习得机制的力量,自然习得英语语言能力。

泛读重在积累单词和习惯表达,扩宽视野并了解英语文化。

精度:详细,逐字逐句的阅读,以掌握全部材料容。

泛读通常重视语言形式,以分析词,短语,句子,段落结构与排列顺序为手段,深入理解文义,揭示作者思想意图、写作风格等。

二)要求:泛读:泛读要求在广泛、大量、快速地阅读,在扩大词汇量、巩固和发展已学知识的同时,掌握高效率提取信息的阅读技巧。

精读:精读是从词汇,句型,中心思想,语篇分析等方面进行深入讲解,具有夯实语言基础的功能。

三)目的就阅读的目的而言,泛读、精读是统一的,只不过侧重点不同。

泛读:注重语言传达的信息,即容精读:注重传达信息的手段,即形式。

三. 阅读基本技能(考点预测)一)略读(Skimming)目的:找出中心思想Reading for the main idea.规定时间,快速阅读文章,找出文章大意。

步骤:1)通读文章的起始段和结尾段2)读每段开头和结尾3)浏览相关信息词二)跳读(Scanning)(2015上初中)是一种快速阅读方式,目的是从较长的材料中获取细节特定的细节信息目的:获取细节信息(Reading for specific/detailed information)要求:跳读要求即快又准三)猜测词义(Word-guessing)通过上下文以及所了解的词汇结构的一些知识来推断词性和词义。

常见方法:1. 根据定义线索猜测词义2. 利用同义词和反义词猜测词义3. 利用构词法猜测词义四)预测(Predicting)一般来说,阅读一篇英语文章,教师应先引导学生根据标题对容进行预测,这是利用学生确认知结构接收新信息的方法。

英语文章的标题一般有三种情况一是可预测度高,一看标题便知容。

对于这类标题,可先让学生用英语谈谈自己的看法,这便于引导学生把注意力集中到新信息上来。

二是可预测度低。

对于这类标题,教师应当给予适当的点拨,如先讨论一下,或让学生读一下文章的第一句通常是引出主题的句子),以便把学生的注意力引人到文章的主题。

三是有一定的可预测度,但容易误导。

对于这种标题,先让学生大胆预测,预测正确与否都会对学生的阅读有推动作用。

一)推理(Inferring)(2015年下高中考过)推理是要求学生在阅读时,除了具备理解文章的字面意思外,还需要透过字里行间领悟言外之意及作者的观点、态度。

训练推理技能时要注意:1. 忠于原文,客观推断作者的观点态度,不可主观臆断作者的观点,用自己的想法代替作者原意;2. 注意遣作者遣词造句的特点和倾向,客观推测作者立场、观点和写作意图;3. 由同一已知事实退出不止一个正确结论二. 写作教学写作教学活动1) 激发学生学习动机(Creating a motivation to write)教师应有计划、有目的地拟好学生感兴趣、有话可说的题目和写作要求,并在写作课开始时以简单明了、直截了当的语言布置写作任务,清楚地阐明最终要达到的写作要求及目标。

2) 头脑风暴(Brainstorm)教师引导学生围绕主题用“头脑风暴法”,开展议题活动,各抒己见,通过集体讨论抓住有用的信息并形成思路,并让学生各自说说对写作主题的理解及自己如何构思。

3) 思路图Mapping思路图是从视觉上帮助学习者记录并整理思路。

学生写下作文的话题或用一个词语来代替这个话题。

引导他们思考有关它的一切就是这图应当有的容。

4) 自由写作Free-writing当学生在头脑中对他们要写作的主题有了清晰的思路图之后,学生可以开始自由写作。

当学生被要求尽快写出他们想到的东西,通常会给他们10--15分钟的时间。

在这个阶段,学生不需要关注太多语法或者拼写的问题,他们只需要把自己的观点呈现于纸上。

这个阶段能培养学生流利写作能力。

5)写提纲Outlining要使写出的文章条理分明、结构清楚,必须培养学生写作前列提纲的习惯。

包括:文章要围绕话题写哪些容,分几个部分,每个部分写什么。

这样写出来的文章就不会具有盲目性。

6) 写初稿Drafting写初稿时,学生要考虑文章要点扩展成句、段和篇,将主题句再通过添加支撑句扩展成段落,并把各段按照一定的顺序或者逻辑连成一个有机的整体,形成一篇容要点齐全、上下文基本连贯的初稿。

7)修改:自改与互改(Editing: Self-editing and Peer-editing)修改包括学生自改和学生间的互改。

自改是初稿完成后,学生仔细的重读一遍,看看有无修正改进之处。

互改在写作练习过程中十分重要,因为它符合新课标倡导的合作,交流和探究的学习方式,也是合作学习在写作教学中的实际运用。

学生将经过自己初步修改过的稿子交给其它同学并在小组间传阅,由这些学生根据上一步中出错的几个方面再看一遍并提出他们各自的意见,然后再由学生本人在听取他们意见的基础上对文章做进一步的修改。

8) 修订Revising修订是教师在学生自改和它改的基础上对学生进行指导,并让学生在作文的组织与结构上进行完善的过程。

9)校对Proofreading校对是把作文的最后上交终稿前的最后一道工序。

学生再次对他们的作文进行仔细阅读,以免出现语法错误、拼写错误。

这个阶段,学生可互相校对,但是教师还是要鼓励学生自己完成校对,这可以为学生之后的写作打下良好的基础。

三.口语教学一. 如何提高学生口语学习的兴趣?一.教材(选用恰当的教材,并尽可能的丰富教材)1. 遵循循序渐进的原则,要有连贯性,从已知到未知逐步深化。

因此教材在选择时跨度要适中,教材的容不宜过难或者过易。

2. 结合学情,容的选择要符合学生的认知特点和心理水平。

3. 兴趣的形成有赖于学生知识的深度和广度,在现有知识的基础上不断给学生补充丰富的容和最新的信息,也可激发学生学习兴趣。

(模仿训练比较单调,这时候不妨穿插一些文化知识,以帮助学生理解所学知识)4.贴近学生实际生活我国大教育家行之先生提倡“生活化教育”。

著名教育学家杜威也说过,“教育即生活、即生长,即经验改造”。

对于语言学习者来说,学习语言是为了表达和交流。

英语是人们在生活中进行交流表达的一种活的语言,它来自于生活,并为生活所用。

学习英语的目的就是要学以致用,使其成为交流的工具。

只有选材贴近学生日常生活,才能激发学生的学习的欲望,充分激发学生学习的主动性和创造性。

二. 多种训练方式相结合,丰富教学手段,激发学生的学习兴趣。

学生的学习兴趣是通过使用有趣的教材及各种合适的教学方式来增强的,因此,在英语口语教学中必须要运用各种教学活动,根据学生的不同特点,变换训练方式来增进学生的学习兴趣1. 模仿。

要求学生跟着教师或录音朗读或讲话,模仿其语言、语调、节奏等(初级阶段必不可少)2. 对话。

学了一种情景会话之后,学生能够进行模仿性的自编自演,已达到语言的灵活运用。

3. 复述。

学完一篇阅读文章或者小故事之后,教师可以要求学生把主要容用自己的语言复述出来,教师可以采用改换人称、变换讲话角度等做法,使语言的表达方式随着人称、角度的变化而变化,从而提高学生口语表达能力。

4. 描述。

描述一些主题鲜明的图片,特征鲜明的动画人物等。

学生可以从模样,穿着,表情,动作,喜好等方面去描述,并加以想象,使描述容更加丰满。

5. 游戏。

句子接龙6. 辩论。

话题要具有争议性三. 口语教学原则1.听力基础上培养说的能力培养说的能力,应当以充分的听为基础。

只有听得懂,才能说的出。

所以应当遵循:语言教学中,应从听入手,先听后说;在整个外语教学过程中,应突出听的活动,是输入的信息量大于输出的信息量。

学生应广泛大量的听,逐步化语言规则,从而提高说的能力。

2. 平衡准确性(accuracy)与流利性(fluency)原则流利性强调意义的完整表达,准确强调语言形式的正确使用,因此在口语教学中应首先强调流畅性,同时注意准确性,很好的平衡两者关系。

3. 多方式循序渐进训练口语模仿性的口语表达在口语学习的初级阶段,教师可以通过设置听音辨音、听音模仿、句型操练、简单的问答练习、朗读课文、角色朗读、对话和背诵等,让学生进行模仿性的口语表达,系统训练学生的语音、语调、语流的连贯性和语言的准确性。

独白性的口语表达在口语学习的第二个阶段,教师可以鼓励学生进行讲述、演讲或讲故事等独白性口语表达活动。

这种口语表达活动比前一种难,但是它也是基于规的书面语言材料进行准备的。

两者都是非交际的语言形式操练。

表演性的口语表达在口语学习的高级阶段,教师可以让学生进行两人或多人的情境对话、信息差活动、采访、小组讨论等表演性口语表达活动,从而实现在一定情境下的准交际。

为了保障表演性口语的质量,教师通常要在表演之前组织学生进行配对的控制性、半控制性或自由对话,经过学生对表演容精心准备后,要求若干组学生在全班学生面前表演。

4. 注意得体性与连贯性原则口语目标技能之一就是能在不同的情境中说出得体的语言,而我国学生恰恰缺乏在真实语境下说英语的机会。

为此,教师要针对不同的教学容,创设贴近学生生活经历的话语情境,选择话题要让学生感兴趣,使其产生强烈的参与意识。

为了培养学生使用得体的语言表达思想,教师还应适当创设跨文化交际的情境,以培养学生跨文化交际的意识和能力。

此外,教师还要加强对学生口语交际策略知识的讲解和训练,培养学生连贯表达的能力和习惯,如使用求解与证实、转述、近似表达、造句、迂回、借用、语言转换、求助手势语、回避等交际策略,以保证学生在口语活动中尤其是遇到困难时,能够顺利地进行意义表达和思想沟通。

5. 强调实践性与激励性原则口语能力只能通过说的实践才能逐渐培养起来。

因此教师应应该尽可能多地为学生开口说英语创造机会,鼓励学生大胆开口,帮助学生克服紧、怕错的心理。

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