热能与动力工程专业英语重点 原版
热能与动力工程专业英语-1-SDU
考察方式
最终成绩以平时表现和期末成绩为准 比例20%+80% 闭卷考试
Chapter 1 Intro to thermal sciences New words
Acoustic flowmeter 声波流量计 Adiabatic 绝热的 Aerodynamics 空气动力学 Affiliation 联系 Airfoil 机翼，螺旋桨 Alternative fuel 替代燃料 Anemometer [.æ ni‵mɔmitə] 风速计， 风力计
New words
Equilibrium 平衡 均衡 Fluid mechanics 流体力学 Forced convection 强制对流 Free convection 自然对流 Friction loss 摩擦损失 Glass ceramic 微晶玻璃，玻璃陶瓷 Heat engine 热机 Heat pump 热泵 Hydrofoil 水翼，水翼艇[英] [`haɪdrə.fɔɪl]
2012专业外语
授课教师： 赵红霞
授课内容
以阎维平 柳成文 主编的 《专业英语》 为 参考教材 课堂上尽量采用主动式交互式学习方式 尽量提高学生的口头英语表达能力
教学要求
掌握常见的英文热动制冷专业词汇 注意中英文之间的联系和对应 能够将中文科技资料翻译成英文 能够将英文资料翻译成中文
New words
Vortex shedding 漩涡脱落 Water faucet 水龙头，水嘴[`fɔ:sɪt]
Abbreviations
热能与动力工程专业英语1
(Heat transfer is the science)传热学是一门试图预测热量传递可以发生在温差存在的两个物体之间的科学。
(Thermodynamics teaches that this)热力学告诉我们能量的传递以热量的形式。
传热学不仅可以解释热能怎样被传送,同样可以预测在某种特殊的情况下产生的热交换率。
实际上热交换率的客观分析指出了传热学和热力学之间的差异。
热力学研究对象是处于平衡状态的系统,他可能被用于预测一个系统从一种平衡状态改变到另一种状态所需要的能量的多少,他可能不被用于预测发生在非平衡状态下的系统的热的交换量有多快。
传热学通过提供了可以作为科学中的热力学被用作传热项目基础的实验法则是非常简单的并且容易扩展到各种各样的实际情况当中。
(When a temperature gradient)当温度梯度存在于一个物体中时,经验显示能量将会从高温区域传递到低温区域,我们说能量是通过导热传递并且单位面积的传热效率于法向温度梯度成正比。
(When a fluid at rest or in motion)当流体以不同的温度与一块平板的表面接触且处于静止或运动时据热力学法则规定能量将朝低温区域流动,我们说热量被交换走了并且我们把这个过程称为对流换热过程。
(For both situations shown in fig,1.2)对于表1.2所示的两种情况我们用牛顿冷却定律来表述对流的整体作用。
(The temperature Tw is that)温度Tw是直接与平板表面接触的温度,温度T∞是为了确保平板表面温度不产生明显影响而使流体远离平板表面的所在区域的温度,面积A是与流体接触的表面区域,并且我们应该注意A与热流方向垂直。
比例因子h被叫做传热系数(也是单位面积的导热量或对流换热量)并且取决于几何布置、方向和表面状况(光滑或粗糙)、还有流体的物性和速度。
(There are two convection modes)有两种对流换热模型:强制对流换热和自然对流换热,如果一块被加热的平板暴露一个周围没有额外动因的房子里,空气的流动将经验的被认为是平板附近存在密度梯度的结果,我们称之为自然对流或是无常对流,强制对流与此相反,经验的认为是在风扇吧空气吹到平板上的情况。
热能与动力工程专业英语词汇大全
热能与动力工程专业英语词汇大全文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-热能工程专业英语ability 能力ABNORMAL ABN 不规则的abnormal operating condition 异常工况abort 中断,停止ABOVE ABV 在……上面abrader 研磨,磨石,研磨工具abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrupt change 突变absence 失去Absence of brush 无(碳)刷Absolute ABS 绝对的absolute expansion 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE EXPANSION ABS X 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE PRESSUREABS P 绝对压力Absolute atmosphereATA 绝对大气压absorb 吸收ABSORBER ASB 阻尼器吸收器absorptance 吸收比,吸收率AC Lub oil pump 交流润滑油泵acceleration 加速accelerationlimiter 加速度限制器accelerator 加速器accept 接受acceptance test 验收试验access 通道accident ACCD 事故accommodate 容纳accomplish 完成,达到accumulate 累积accumulator 蓄能器accumulator 蓄电池,累加器ACCUMULATOR ACM 收集(累加)器本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
Accumulator battery蓄电池组accuracy 精确度，准确度acid 酸性,酸的acid cleaning 酸洗ACID CLEANING ACDCLG 酸清洗Acid washing 酸洗ACIDIC ACID ACD 酸化学物质acknowledge ACK 确认acquisition 发现,取得act ACT 动作action 动作，行为active ACTIVE 激励active current 有功电流active power 有效功率active zone 有效区active power A_PW 有功功率actual value 实际值actuator 驱动器additional safeguard oil 附加保安油address 地址adequate 适当的，充分的ADJACENT ADJ. 相邻的ADJACENT BOILER ADJ.BLR 邻炉adjust 调整，校正adjustable fanblade 可调扇页adjustable key 可调整销adjusting ADJ 调整adjustment 调整，调节admission steam 进汽Admission mode 进汽方式adopt 采用Aerial line 天线aerodynamic loss 空气动力损失本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
超级全乎的热能与动力工程专业英语常用词汇
expansion joint
灰浆泵
ash slurry pump
风管道
air piping
保温材料
heat-insulating material
除灰管道
ash piping
稳定燃烧
stable combustion
烟囱
chimney, stack
支吊架
supports and hangers
下降管
downcomer
上升管
riser
省煤器管
economizer tube
再热器管
reheater tube
过热器管
superheated tube
蛇形管
coil
吊挂管
supporting tube
水冷壁管
water wall tube
饱和蒸汽管
saturated steam pipe
水冷壁
water wall
汽动给水泵
steam-driven feed water pump
前置水泵
booster pump
给水泵
feed water pump
疏水泵
drain pump
水室
water chamber
疏水扩容器
drain flash tank
挡板
baffle plate
封头
end cover
真空泵
vaccum pump
煤粉仓
pulverized coal bunker
看火
observation hole
水循环
water circulation
风道
air duct
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译 6.1
6.1‟s most efficient speed is usually much higher than that of the machine it is driving ,so a speed reduction gear usually has to be used .600 000马力的汽轮机。
转子——叶轮上装有动叶，转子两端装有轴颈。
轴承箱——安装在气缸上，用来支承转子的轴。
调速器和阀门系统——通过控制蒸汽流量来调节涡轮的速度和出力，同时还有轴承润滑系统以及一套安全装置。
某种类型的联轴器——用来连接从动机械…catch ‟the steam from the nozzle smoothly ,and they are curved so that they change the direction of the jet and in so doing receive an impulse which pushes6.1（见原文）所示为一种简单的冲动式汽轮机。
…reaction ‟ turbine .moving blades are also nozzles ,similar to the stationary nozzles but facing the other way ,and in addition to catching and deflecting the steam issuing from the stationary（见原文中图6.2）它综合了冲力和反作用力的原理。
6.2中的涡轮壳带有一整圈喷嘴，这些喷嘴和反冲式涡轮机里的一样，也是弯曲的，并以最有效的角度引导蒸汽喷向转动的叶片。
,under these conditions the exhaust volume flow becomes large ,and it is necessary to have more than one exhaust stage ;for example ,a large turbine may have three are“axial flow ”turbine .“double flow ”.drops can damage the blades and reduce the turbine efficiency ,and this is one reason why the steam ,after passing through the high-pressure turbine ,idea sometimes。
热能与动力工程专业英语重点原版
1.开口系统：与外界既有物质交换又有能量交换，把研究对象控制在某个空间。
—-—定容积系统 An Open system （or a control volume 控制体积)is a properly selected region in space. Both mass and energy can cross the boundary of a control volume。
such as, A Water heater， a turbine and a compressor， etc2。
闭口系统：系统与外界只有能量（功量、热量)的交换而无质量交换。
——定质量系统A Closed system （a control mass 控制质量) consists of a fixed amount of mass， and no mass can cross its boundary。
That is, no mass enters or leave a closed system。
such as， Piston—cylinder device （汽缸-活塞装置）3.绝热系统：系统与外界只有功量和质量的交换，而无热量的交换.Adiabatic system is that no heat cross the boundary or heat is negligible compared with work cross the boundary4.孤立系统：系统与外界既无能量交换又无质量交换,即系统与环境不发生任何作用。
Isolated system is a special case that no mass and energy cross the boundary。
5。
热力学第一定律：自然界一切物体都具有能量，能量有各种不同形式,它能从一种形式转化为另一种形式，从一个物体传递给另一个物体,在转化和传递过程中能量的总和不变. The first explicit statement of the first law of thermodynamics："In all cases in which work is produced by the agency of heat， a quantity of heat is consumed which is proportional to the work done； and conversely, by the expenditure of an equal quantity of work an equal quantity of heat is produced。
热能与动力工程专业英语(整理版)
热能与动力工程Thermal Energy and Power Engineering材料与能源学院：Institute of Materials and Energy空调制冷：refrigeration and air conditioning热传导：thermol conduction学生毕业后能胜任现代火力发电厂,制冷与低温工程及相关的热能与动力工程专业的技术与管理工作,并能从事其它能源动力领域的专门技术工作.The graduates may find employment of technology and management in the fields of the Thermal Energy &Power Engineering (TEPE) and its relevance, such as modern power plant or the Refrigeration and Cryogenics Engineering (RCE), the graduates may also engaged in the special technique in the fields related to TEPE.现代空气动力学、流体力学、热力学、水力学以及航空航天工程、水利水电工程、热能工程、流体机械工程都提出了一系列复杂流动问题,其中包括高速流、低速流、管道流、燃烧流、冲击流、振荡流、涡流、湍流、旋转流、多相流等等A series of complicated flow problems have been posed in modern fluid mechanics, aero dynamics, thermodynamics, and aeronautical and aerospace engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, heat energy engineering, fluid machinery engineering, and so on, and they cover high-speed flow, low-speed flow, eddy flow, turbulent flow, burning flow, impact flow, oscillating flow, backflow, and two-phase flow, etc.In the thermal engineering, the studied objects normally are isolated from one another and then we try to analysis the change and interaction, the studied objects isolated is named thermodynamic system.在热力工程中，通常将研究对象分离出来再分析其变化及（与外界）的相互作用，该对象即热力系统。
热能与动力工程专业外语
UNIT2热对流For both situation shown in Fig.1.2,we express the overall effect of convection,we use New-ton”s law of cooling: Q=Ha(Tw-T8横)在图 1.2所示的两种情况，我们对对流的整体效果，我们使用的冷却新吨级“定律为: Q=Ha(Tw-T8横)UNIT3热辐射Thermodynamic considerations show that an idea thermal radiator ,or blackbody ,will emit energy at a rate proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the body and directly proportional to its surface area. Thus q(emitted)=σAT4 (1-6)热力学规律揭示出一个理想的热辐射体或黑体，所散发出能量的速度与其自身的绝对温度的四次方和其表面积成正比。
即（公式）Where σ is the proportionality constant and is called the Stefan-Boltzmann constant with the value of 5.669*10-8 W/m2k4. Equation(1-6)is called the Stefan-Boltzmann law of thermal radiation, and it applies only to blackbodies. It is important to note that this equation is valid only for thermal radiation; other types of electromagnetic radiation may not be treated so simply.其中σ是比例常数，值为5.669*10-8 W/m2k4称为斯蒂凡玻尔兹曼常数。
热能与动力工程专业英语常用词汇
零电位
zero potential
按钮
button
漏电
electric leakage
电压
voltage
母线
bus, busbar
电流
current
测电笔
test pencil
电流强度
current intensity
验电器
electroscope
电阻
resistance
匝数
number of turns
燃烧
combustion
水压试验
hydraulic test
负压
negative pressure
点火
ignition
正压
positive pressure
着火点
firing point, ignition temperature
冷风
cold air
锅炉上水
boiler water filling
热风
伸缩节
expansion joint
灰浆泵
ash slurry pump
风管道
air piping
保温材料
heat-insulating material
除灰管道
ash piping
稳定燃烧
stable combustion
烟囱
chimney, stack
支吊架
supports and hangers
开启
opening
再热蒸汽冷段压力
cold reheated steam pressure
关闭
closing
再热蒸汽热段压力
hot reheated steam pressure
最新热能与动力工程专业英语(整理版)
热能与动力工程Thermal Energy and Power Engineering材料与能源学院：Institute of Materials and Energy空调制冷：refrigeration and air conditioning热传导：thermol conduction学生毕业后能胜任现代火力发电厂,制冷与低温工程及相关的热能与动力工程专业的技术与管理工作,并能从事其它能源动力领域的专门技术工作.The graduates may find employment of technology and management in the fields of the Thermal Energy &Power Engineering (TEPE) and its relevance, such as modern power plant or the Refrigeration and Cryogenics Engineering (RCE), the graduates may also engaged in the special technique in the fields related to TEPE.现代空气动力学、流体力学、热力学、水力学以及航空航天工程、水利水电工程、热能工程、流体机械工程都提出了一系列复杂流动问题,其中包括高速流、低速流、管道流、燃烧流、冲击流、振荡流、涡流、湍流、旋转流、多相流等等A series of complicated flow problems have been posed in modern fluid mechanics, aero dynamics, thermodynamics, and aeronautical and aerospace engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, heat energy engineering, fluid machinery engineering, and so on, and they cover high-speed flow, low-speed flow, eddy flow, turbulent flow, burning flow, impact flow, oscillating flow, backflow, and two-phase flow, etc.In the thermal engineering, the studied objects normally are isolated from one another and then we try to analysis the change and interaction, the studied objects isolated is named thermodynamic system.在热力工程中，通常将研究对象分离出来再分析其变化及（与外界）的相互作用，该对象即热力系统。
热能动力工程专业英语
contents
目录
• Overview of Thermal Power Engineering
• Fundamentals of Thermal Power Engineering
• Professional vocabulary for thermal power engineering
Application fields of thermal power engineering
Power generation
Thermal power plants are the main way of power generation, accounting for a large promotion of global electricity production
• Integration with information technology: The integration of thermal power engineering with information technology allows for more effective monitoring, control, and optimization of thermal power plants
• Radiation Heat Transfer: Radiation heat transfer occurs when electromagnetic waves transfer energy between objects Understanding radiation heat transfer is important for designing heat exchanges and other thermal systems
超级全乎的热能与动力工程专业英语常用词汇
超级全乎的热能与动力工程专业英语常用词汇热能与动力工程专用英语词汇热能与动力工程专用英语词汇一（锅炉部分）亚临界压力锅炉subcriticalpressure boiler燃煤锅炉coal-fired boiler启动锅炉start-up boiler 炉墙furnace wall 管束（排）tube bundle 管屏tube platen 下降管downcomer 上升管riser省煤器管economizer tube再热器管reheater tube过热器管superheated tube 蛇形管coil吊挂管supporting tube 水冷壁管water wall tube饱和蒸汽管saturated steampipe水冷壁water wall鳍片管finned tube, fintube, gilled tube联箱headerboiler proper锅炉机组boiler unit boiler framework 燃烧器 furnace combustion chamber 油枪oil gun torch damper 管板 tube plate pulverized coalpiping 过热器superheater boiling temperature 吹灰器soot blower wall enclosure superheater 再热器 reheater furnace volume再热器冷段primary reheater steam separator, moisture separator 再热器热段final reheater economizer 空气预热器air preheatersafety valve防暴门 explosion ventinspection hole 三通阀 three-way valve emergency water spray valve锅炉排污blowdownplate girder, upper 灰斗ash hopperbeamair compressor 混合器 mixer coal pulverizer, coal mill 一次风机 primary air fanforced draft fan,force fan 人孔门man hole induced draft fan, induced fan 膨胀补偿节 expansion jointraw coal bunker, rawcoal silo 结渣laggingpulverized coalbunker 看火孔 observation holewater circulation 风道air ductdust collector, precipitator伸缩节ash pump, slag pump 风道 air duct shaft sealing pump 伸缩节 expansion jointash slurry pump 风管道 air piping heat-insulating material除灰管道ash pipingstable combustion 烟囱chimney, stacksupports andhangers燃烧combustion hydraulic test 负压negative pressure ignition 正压positive pressure firing point,ignitiontemperature冷风cold airboiler waterfilling热风hot airfuel oil forignition停炉boiler shutdownfire-offsteam turbine 高压汽缸high-pressure(HP)cylindercondensing steamturbine 中压汽缸intermediate-pressure(IP) cylindersubcritical pressure turbine 低压汽缸low-pressure(LP)cylinder汽缸台板（底cylinder sole pin汽轮机转子turbine rotor板）汽封steam seal gland,steam sealing叶轮blade disc轴承支架bearing stoll,bearing bracket叶片blade, bucket主油泵main oil pump 喷嘴nozzle备用油泵emergency bearingoil pump固定螺钉dowel交流润滑油泵AC lube oil pump 注油器oil injector 直流润滑油泵DC lube oil pump 喷油嘴oil nozzle高位油箱head oil tank,elevated oil tank杠杆lever凝汽器condenser 轴shaft 管板tube plate 弹簧spring热水井hot well 凝汽器喉部condenser throat凝结水泵condensate pump 泵壳pump casing低压加low-pressure feed 高压加high-pressure feed热器water heater 热器water heater除氧器deaerator 除氧水箱deaerated watertank除盐水箱demineralized watertank汽动给水泵steam-driven feedwater pump前置水泵booster pump 给水泵feed water pump 疏水泵drain pump 水室water chamber 疏水扩容器drain flash tank 挡板baffle plate 封头end cover 真空泵vaccum pump工业水泵industrial waterpump, service waterpump收球网ball screen胶球泵rubber ballrecirculating pump主蒸汽系统main steam system支撑斜钢supporting wedge再热蒸汽系统reheat steamsyetem自然通风冷却塔natural draftcooling tower抽汽系统extraction steamsystem主蒸汽管道main steam piping,live steam piping轴封shaft seal真空系统vaccum system凝结水系统condensate system再热蒸汽管道reheat steam system给水系统feed water system循环水系统circulating watersystem供油系统oil supply system工业水系统industrial watersystem, servicewater system抽汽管道steam extractionpipe供汽联箱steam header压缩空气管道compressed airpiping疏水管道drain water piping氢气管道hydrogen piping凝结水管道condensate piping循环水管道circulating waterpiping冷却水管道cooling waterpiping给水管道feed water piping润滑油管lube oil piping除盐水demineralized water 旁路门bypass valve管道piping减温水管道attemperating waterpiping球型阀globe valve再循环水管道recirculating waterpiping闸板阀gate valve排水管道water dischargepiping疏水阀drain valve高压主汽门high-pressure mainstop valve蝶阀butterfly valve中压主汽门intermediatepressure main stopvalve转速rotating speed,revolution热效率thermal efficiency,heat efficiency过热度 superheat degree新蒸汽压力initial steampressure, livesteam pressure温差temperaturedifference开启opening再热蒸汽冷段压力cold reheated steampressure关闭closing再热蒸hot reheated steam 启动starting-up汽热段压力pressure再热蒸汽热段温度hot reheated steamtemperature停止shutting down再热蒸汽冷段温度cold reheated steamtemperature检查inspection,examination低压缸排汽流量low-pressurecylinder exhauststeam flow巡检 routing inspection再热蒸汽流量reheated steam flow主蒸汽流量steam flow法兰加热flange heating螺栓加热bolt heating正常状态normal condition 清洗cleaning操作operation 酸洗acid cleaning, pickling解体disassembly 组装assembly 检修maintenance 拆开dismantling汽缸扣盖cylinder covering 变形deformation 毛刺burr 裂纹crack锈蚀rusting 壁厚wall thickness 同心concentricity 找正centering垫铁iron cushion,packing iron plate,adjusting pad找中心alignment台板sole plate天车turbine halloverhead crane管束tube bundle汽机基座turbine pedestal 流量flow抽汽量steam extractioncapacity海水sea water保温材料heat insulatingmaterial防腐anti-corrosion热能与动力工程专用英语词汇三（电气部分）发电机electric generator,generator一次电压primary voltage发电机定子generator stator二次电压secondary voltage发电机转子generator stator一次绕组primary winding主变压器main transformer二次绕组secondary winding工作变压器operatingtransformer高压线路high-voltage line备用变压器standby transformer 导电环conducting ring 开关switch 零电位zero potential 按钮button 漏电electric leakage 电压voltage 母线bus, busbar电流current 测电笔test pencil电流强度current intensity 验电器electroscope 电阻resistance 匝数number of turns电功率electric power 屏蔽接地shield earthing电压表voltmeter 延迟时间delay time伏特volt 绝缘insulation千伏kilovolt 相序phase order, phasesequence电流表ammeter,amperemeter相电压phase voltage安培ampere 电阻测量resistancemeasurement千瓦小时kilowatt-hour电压测量voltagemeasurement电位计potentiometer 电流测定currentmeasurement功率表wattmeter 时间测定time measurement瓦特watt 明线open wire, open conductor千瓦kilowatt 暗线concealed wire, concealedconductor兆瓦megawatt 照明线路lighting line赫兹hertz 控制control转速表speedometer 输电transmission千伏安kilovoltampere 带电live, electrified欧姆 ohm 原理图 schematic diagram通风 ventilation, draft电力系统 electric powersystem避雷针lightning rod,lightning conductor控制台 control board电源 power source, powersupply 电负荷power load 交流电源 AC power source 功率损失 power loss 直流电源 DC power source供电power supply不停电电源 uninterrupted powersupply(UPS) 发电 power generation强电 strong current 操作人operator 弱电 weak current监护人 guardian 继电器 relay通信communication锁闭装置 locking device 电话机 telephone set 断路器 breaker, circuitbreaker 电话号 telephone number 接触器contactor电缆cable插件plug-in unit,insertion piece信号signal保护接地protective earthing 连接器connector保护罩protective cover,protective housing单元unit熔断器cutout, fusiblecutout主机main machine电缆cable 系统system电缆芯cable core 电子元件electronic单元控制室unit control room 故障fault配电室switch room,distribution boardroom正常normal频率frequency 异常abnormal 毫安表millammeter 告警alarm 毫伏表millvoltmeter 输入input 电子计算机electronic computer 输出output架空线路overhead line信号状态signal status布线wiring 结束end合上switch-on 测试test重拨redial 拨号dial直拨direct dialing 断开switch-off 热能与动力工程专用英语词汇四（化学部分）化学加药处理chemical treatmentfeeding酸洗acid cleaning自来水raw water, crudewater软化水softened water除盐水 demineralized water 过滤filtration 去矿物质水demineralized water 除气deaeration 再生regeneration 污染pollution 腐蚀corrosion 结垢scaling水垢scale 离子交换树脂ion exchange resin石灰lime 混床mixed bed 并联in parallel 串联in series溶解箱dissolving tank 溶液箱solution tank 取样装置sampling device 溶质solute溶剂solvent热能与动力工程专用英语词汇四（仪表与控制）温度计thermometer 鼠标器mouse温差temperaturedifference驱动器drive压力开关pressure switch 键盘keyboard标准大气压力standard atmosphere 存储器storage, memory 锅炉压力boiler pressure 延时time delay风压air pressure 在线on line喷嘴nozzle 离线off line给水流量feed water flow 扩展extension蒸汽流量steam flow 扫描scan阻尼器snubber, damper 刷新update总线bus 阻塞clogging画面graphic display 传输速率transmission rate存储storage 源程序source program 文字标题literal title 滤波器filter图象信息graphic information 返回return中间变量intermedium variable 中断interrupt操作指导operation guide 保留retain信息共享information sharing 删除delect吹扫purge 节点node点火器igniter 发送send, transmit 灵敏度sensitivity 接收receive精确度accuracy 数据库data base灵活性flexibility 调制解调器modulator-demodulator(MODEM)可扩展expandability 兼容compatibility性分散度dispersity 按钮 button, pushbutton 工作时间up time 确认acknowledgement 故障时间down time 复位reset仪表measuringinstrument开关switch热能与动力工程专用英语词汇五（燃料部分）输煤栈桥coal belt conveyorgallery起吊孔lifting hole漏斗hopper 燃煤品种category of coal输煤皮带conveyor belt 结焦性coking property 皮带速度belt velocity 结渣性slagging property 皮带宽度belt width 固定碳fixed carbon驱动功率driving power设计煤种design coal机车locomotive 闪点flash point煤气gas热能与动力工程专用英语词汇六（综合部分）图纸drawing 合金alloy平面图plan, plan view 电焊electric welding 校对check 电焊条welding electrode 审核review 焊丝welding wire批准approve 焊接welding数量quantity 气孔blowhole重量weight 咬边undercut材料material 焊口裂纹weld seam crack图号drawing number 坡口加工edge preparation测量measurement 应力stress尺寸size, dimension 着色剂colorants, coloring agent中心距center distance 蠕变creep加工余量finish allowance,machine allowance垫片gasket, pad, shim表面surface 石棉垫asbestos pad, babbit cushion水平level 中心孔center bore, center hole, center opening检验test, check,examination装配assembly,installation圆度ellipticity 剖面section, cross-section。
热能与动力工程专业英语
i.e. it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process that change “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.热力学第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat and work.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.举例说明热力学定律应用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.绝热系统：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.开口系统：exchanging energy (heat and work )and matter with their environment .闭口系统：exchangeing energy (heat and work )but not matter with their environment .孤立系统：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work .辐射换热:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation .We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference ;this is called thermal radiation .对流传热:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics .we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer .对流传热的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection .If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate .We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate .传热学:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference .传热学和热力学的区别:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat .The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions .The fact that a heat -transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics .Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium ;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another ;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process .Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy -transfer rates .As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations .影响辐射传热的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into热能与动力工程thermal energy and power engineering能量转化energy-transfer比例常数proportionality constant比例系数proportionality factor活性中心active center对流传热convection heat transfer电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation角系数view factor准静态过程quasi-static process准平衡quasi-equilibrium静态平衡static equilibrium强度参数intensive property广延参数extensive property燃烧机理combustion mechanism平均分子运动average molecular motion 热反应堆thermal reactor热力学性质thermodynamic property摩尔热容molar heat capacity动能kinetic energy压缩因子compressibility factor温度传感器temperature sensor测量电路measurement circuit电压输出voltage output静电荷electrostatic charge励磁电源excitation power内能internal energy能量原理energy principle能量平衡energy balance能量守恒conservation of energy剪切应力shear force/stress角速度angular velocity速度梯度velocity gradient温度梯度temperature gradient一维one-dimensional机械能mechanical energy内能internal energy动能kinetic energy势能potential energy凝固/硬化take a set流体动力学fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽发生系统steam generating system辅助设备auxiliary equipment空煤比the air-coal ratio质量作用定律the law of mass action阿伦尼乌斯定律arrhennius law活化分子active molecule活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy 自由价free valency支链反应定律the law of branched chain reactions 化学反应方程式stoichiometric equation活化中心active centres能级energy levels甲烷methane ch4压缩机compressor冷凝器condenser膨胀阀expansion valve可逆reversible绝热adiabatic等熵isentropic余隙容积clearance volume比容specific volume压力损失pressure loss溶液给水温度liquid feed temperature体积流速the volume flow rate液压头liquid head成比例的proportional成反比例的inversely proportional热力学定律principles of thermodynamics平衡温度equilibrium temperature相变phase change导热性thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient强制对流forced convection自然对流natural convection外表面external surface焓enthalpy熵entropy对流传热convection heat transfer牛顿冷却公式Newton law of cooling流体物性properties of the liquid质量流量比mass flow ratio电磁辐射能electromagnetic energy热辐射thermal radiation净辐射量net radiation流体力学fluid mechanics热力学性质thermodynamic property牛顿粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity温熵图temperature-entropy diagram回转式发动机rotary engine汽轮机steam turbine光化学烟雾photochemical smog核电站nuclear power plant流化床燃烧fluildized bed combustion余热锅炉a heat recovery builer表面积surface areai.e. it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process that change “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.热力学第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat and work.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.举例说明热力学定律应用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.绝热系统：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.开口系统：exchanging energy (heat and work )and matter with their environment .闭口系统：exchangeing energy (heat and work )but not matter with their environment .孤立系统：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work .辐射换热:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation .We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference ;this is called thermal radiation .对流传热:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics .we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer .对流传热的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection .If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate .We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate .传热学:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference .传热学和热力学的区别:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat .The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions .The fact that a heat -transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics .Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium ;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another ;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process .Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy -transfer rates .As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations .影响辐射传热的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into热能与动力工程thermal energy and power engineering能量转化energy-transfer比例常数proportionality constant比例系数proportionality factor活性中心active center对流传热convection heat transfer电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation角系数view factor准静态过程quasi-static process准平衡quasi-equilibrium静态平衡static equilibrium强度参数intensive property广延参数extensive property燃烧机理combustion mechanism平均分子运动average molecular motion 热反应堆thermal reactor热力学性质thermodynamic property摩尔热容molar heat capacity动能kinetic energy压缩因子compressibility factor温度传感器temperature sensor测量电路measurement circuit电压输出voltage output静电荷electrostatic charge励磁电源excitation power内能internal energy能量原理energy principle能量平衡energy balance能量守恒conservation of energy剪切应力shear force/stress角速度angular velocity速度梯度velocity gradient温度梯度temperature gradient一维one-dimensional机械能mechanical energy内能internal energy动能kinetic energy势能potential energy凝固/硬化take a set流体动力学fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽发生系统steam generating system辅助设备auxiliary equipment空煤比the air-coal ratio质量作用定律the law of mass action阿伦尼乌斯定律arrhennius law活化分子active molecule活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy自由价free valency 支链反应定律the law of branched chain reactions 化学反应方程式stoichiometric equation活化中心active centres能级energy levels甲烷methane ch4压缩机compressor冷凝器condenser膨胀阀expansion valve可逆reversible绝热adiabatic等熵isentropic余隙容积clearance volume比容specific volume压力损失pressure loss溶液给水温度liquid feed temperature体积流速the volume flow rate液压头liquid head成比例的proportional成反比例的inversely proportional热力学定律principles of thermodynamics平衡温度equilibrium temperature相变phase change导热性thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient强制对流forced convection自然对流natural convection外表面external surface焓enthalpy熵entropy对流传热convection heat transfer牛顿冷却公式Newton law of cooling流体物性properties of the liquid质量流量比mass flow ratio电磁辐射能electromagnetic energy热辐射thermal radiation净辐射量net radiation流体力学fluid mechanics热力学性质thermodynamic property牛顿粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity温熵图temperature-entropy diagram回转式发动机rotary engine汽轮机steam turbine光化学烟雾photochemical smog核电站nuclear power plant流化床燃烧fluildized bed combustion余热锅炉a heat recovery builer表面积surface area。
热能与动力工程专业英语单词
a heat sink 热井cross flow 错流、对冲流动abscissa 横坐标crude oil 原油absorb 吸收crystallize 瞬间absorbent 吸附剂cycolne 旋风分离器absorptivity 吸收率damper 挡板activation energy 活化能deaerating heater 除氧器adsorb 吸附dehumidification 去湿air compressor 空气压缩机density 密度air heater 空气预热器diminishing ratio 下降比例air preheater 空气预热器distill 蒸馏air conditioning 空调distillation 精馏air-cooled steam condenser 空冷式凝汽器dynamic 力学air-entrainment 空气携带economizer 省煤器alcohol 酒精eddy 涡旋alternative energy 替代能源electric generator 发电机automatic control 自动控制electrostaticprecipitator静电除尘器axial 轴向enthalpy 焓axial fan 轴流风机entranred flow 气流床bench-scale 实验室规模entropy 熵blade 叶片erosion 腐蚀blower 鼓风机et cd. 。
等人boiler 锅炉ethanol 乙醇bubble 气泡evaporator 蒸发器bubbling type offluidized bed鼓泡流化床expansion joint 膨胀节burner 燃烧器factor 因子carbon monoxide 一氧化碳feedwater heater 给水加热器carrier air 输送空气fission 裂变catalyst 固体催化剂fixed carbon 固定碳centrifugal fan 离心式风机flue gas 烟气chromatography 色谱法flue gas analysis 烟气分析circulating fluidizedbed循环流化床fluidized-bed 流化床coal feeder 给煤机flying ash 飞灰coal water slarry pump 煤浆泵fossil fuels 化石燃料coefficient 系数fouling 污垢coflow 同轴流动fractionate 分馏coke-oven gas 焦炉气free radical 自由基因column 柱子furnace 火炉combined cycle 联合循环gas turbine 燃气轮机combustion efficiency 燃烧效率gasifier 气化炉Combustion chamber 燃烧器heat engine 热机compressor 压缩机heat pump 热泵concentrate 浓缩heat transfer 传热过程condensor 冷凝器heat transport 强调阶段constant 常数heating surface 受热面control vavle 控制阀heating ventilationair-conditioning供暖通风空调control volume 控制体积heat-recovery steamgenerator余热锅炉coolant 冷却剂heat-transfercoefficient传热系数cooling tower 冷却塔heavy water 重水coordinate 坐标系heterogeneous 多相的counter flow 逆流homogeneous 同相horizon 范围，横坐标power plant 电厂hydraulic diameter 水力直径pressure drop 压力降hydraulic turbine 水力透平pressure losses 压力损失immiscible 不相混的pressure vessel 压力容器interfacial tense 表面张力primary air fan 一次风机internal combustionengine内燃机propeller 推进者ion-exchange equipment 离子交换器pulverized fuel 粉状燃料is entropically 等熵pulverized fuel 煤粉isentropically 等熵purging 吹扫kinematic viscosity 动力粘度quench chamber 激冷室kinetics 动力学radial blade 径向叶片kinetin energy 动能reaction 反应器laminar flame 层流火焰reactor 反应堆laminar flow 层流recuperator 同流换热器leak 泄露refraction 折射leakage 泄漏refrigerant 制冷剂light water 轻水reheat cycle 再热循环mechanical work 机械功reheater 再热器mechanics 机械学residence time 停留时间methanol 甲醇residual oil 渣油methy 甲基saturated 饱和的moderator 慢化剂saturationtemperature饱和温度Moment of inertia 转力惯量scale 标量momentum 动量scrubbing 洗涤multiphase 多相shaft 轴multistage 多级shear forces 剪切力needle value 针阀shear tension 剪切应力noise pollution 噪音污染shell-and-tube 管壳noncondensable gas 非凝结性气体Shift 改变nondimensional 无量纲的shut down 停车nonreturn vavle 止回阀silencer 消音器normal operation 正常运行slag 渣nozzle 喷嘴sludge 污泥nuclear fuel 核燃料specific heat 比热nuclear power plant 核电站Specific volume 比容oil-pump 油泵spectral 光谱的once through boiler 直流锅炉spectrum 光谱ordinate 纵坐标stack 烟囱orifice 节流孔板stage 级overview 综述startup 启动oxide 氧化物steam generator 蒸汽发生器oxygen scavenger 除氧剂steam turbine 汽轮机oxygen 氧气sterilize 消毒packing column 填充柱stoichimetric 化学当量paral flow 并流stop vavle 截止阀parallel flow 顺流sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫parameter 参数superheater 过热器piping 管道thermal conductivity 导热系数piston 活塞thermal efficiency 热效率potential energy 势能thermal energy 热能thermodynamics 热力学turbulence 湍流Thermodynamics cycle 热力循环universal gasconstant通用气体常数thermophysical 热物性的vacuum 真空throttling loss 节流损失variable 变量timing injection 定时喷射vector 矢量trioxide 三氧化物vortex 涡流tubular type 扁平型的water level 水位turbine 透平waterwall 水冷壁turbo 涡轮work interactions 做功。
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1.开口系统：与外界既有物质交换又有能量交换，把研究对象控制在某个空间。
---定容积系统 An Open system (or a control volume 控制体积）is a properly selected region in space. Both mass and energy can cross the boundary of a control volume.
such as, A Water heater, a turbine and a compressor, etc
2.闭口系统：系统与外界只有能量（功量、热量）的交换而无质量交换。
——定质量系统A Closed system (a control mass 控制质量) consists of a fixed amount of mass, and no mass can cross its boundary. That is, no mass enters or leave a closed system.
such as, Piston-cylinder device (汽缸-活塞装置）
3.绝热系统：系统与外界只有功量和质量的交换，而无热量的交换。
Adiabatic system is that no heat cross the boundary or heat is negligible compared with work cross the boundary
4.孤立系统：系统与外界既无能量交换又无质量交换，即系统与环境不发生任何作用。
Isolated system is a special case that no mass and energy cross the boundary.
5.热力学第一定律：自然界一切物体都具有能量，能量有各种不同形式，它能从一种形式转化为另一种形式，从一个物体传递给另一个物体，在转化和传递过程中能量的总和不变。
The first explicit statement of the first law of thermodynamics："In all cases in which work is produced by the agency of heat, a quantity of heat is consumed which is proportional to the work done; and conversely, by the expenditure of an equal quantity of work an equal quantity of heat is produced."
6.热力学第二定律：不可能把热从低温物体传到高温物体而不产生其他影响；不可能从单一热源取热使之完全转换为有用的功而不产生其他影响；不可逆热力过程中熵的微增量总是大于零。
Second law of thermodynamics： Impossible to heat from low temperature to high temperature object object does not produce other effects; not possible from a single heat source heat so completely converted into useful work and does not produce other effects; irreversible thermodynamic entropy in the process of the incremental volume is always greater than zero.
7.锅炉：锅炉利用热量使水转变成蒸汽以进行各种利用。
Boilers use heat to convert water into steam for a variety of applications.
8.汽轮机：将蒸汽的热能转换为机械能的叶轮式旋转原动机。
Steam Turbine is the impeller rotating prime mover that the thermal energy of the steam is converted to mechanical energy 。
9.省煤器：省煤器（英文名称Economizer）就是锅炉尾部烟道中将锅炉给水加热成汽包压力下的饱和水的受热面。
The economizer (Name Economizer) is the rear of the boiler flue of the boiler feed water is heated into steam drum pressure saturated water heating surface。
10.空预器：空气预热器就是锅炉尾部烟道中的烟气通过内部的散热片将进入锅炉前的空气预热到一定温度的受热面。
The air preheater through the fins of the internal heating surface will enter the air is preheated to a certain
temperature in the boiler before the flue gas in the rear of the boiler flue.
11.反动度：蒸汽在动叶栅中的等熵焓降与级的等熵焓降之比
The degree of reaction is steam Rotor Cascade isentropic enthalpy drop class isentropic enthalpy drop ratio.
12.状态：某一瞬间热力系所呈现的宏观状况
State: it reveals the physical condition of a system.
13.状态参数：描述系统宏观物理状况的物理量,简称参数Properties
are used to depict any characteristic of a system.
14.比体积：单位质量的物质所占有的体积，用v表示。
Specific volume is the reciprocal of density and is defined as volume per unit mass.
15.真空度：表示绝对压力低于大气压力的量值
Vacuum pressure （真空度）：Pressures below atmosphere pressure. It is the pressure difference between atmospheric and system pressure when system pressure is lower than atmospheric And it is denoted as PVAC or H. 16.如果两个系统分别与第三个系统处于热平衡，则两个系统彼此必然处于热平衡。
If two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
17.平衡状态：所谓平衡状态就是指在没有外界影响的情况下，系统的状态不随时间而发生变化。
A system in equilibrium experiences no changes with time when it is isolated from its surroundings.
18.热力系统经过一系列变化回到初态，这一系列变化过程称为热力循环。
A system is said to have undergone a cycle if it returns to its initial state at the end of the process
12.A turbine cylinder (汽轮机汽缸） is essential a pressure vessel with it’s weight supported at each end on the horizontal centerline.
19.热力系统的定义（Definition ）
系统就是指被选做研究对象的物体或空间。
（A quantity of matter or a region in space chosen for study.）
20.热平衡（Thermal equilibrium ）
If the temperature is the same throughout the entire system.。