Unit 12 长句的翻译
unit12课文翻译Microsoft-Word-文档
The Story of Florence Nightingale弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔的故事Florence Nightingale was born in Italy on 12 May 1820 and was named Florence after her birthplace. Florence and her sister were educated by their father and private teachers. She excelled in her studies. When she grew up ,she decided to become a nurse. This decision greatly upset her family, because at that time nurses in England were looked down upon by people. But she was determined,and began caring for the sick in hospitals. 弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔于1820年5月12日出生在意大利，并以他的出生地命名。
其父亲和私人教师教弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔和她的妹妹学习。
她学业优秀。
长大后，她决定做一名护士，这个决定令她的家人很不安。
因为在当时的英国，护士这个职业被别人看不起。
但是，她已下定决心,并开始在医院护理病患。
In 1854 ,England was fighting a war with Russia in Turkey .At the front many British soldiers were wounded or sick. The wounded soldiers lay on the hard floors of a dirty army hospital. In the evening, the tried to sleep, but rats ran over their bodies. The conditions for them were terrible. 1854年，英国与俄国在土耳其交战，很多英国士兵在前线受伤或患病，伤兵们躺在肮脏的军队医院里坚硬的地板上。
人教新目标初中英语九年级unit 12翻译
人教新目标初中英语九年级全册Unit 12SECTION A3aWhere I'm from ,We're pretty relaxed about time.If you tell a friend you're going to their house for dinner,it's okay if you arrive a bit late.Spending time with family and friend is very important to us.We often just drop by our friends' homes.We don't usually have to make plans to meet our friends.Often we just walk around the town center,seeing as many of our friends as we can!在我们那儿，人们对时间要求不严格。
如果你告诉你的朋友我要去他们家用晚餐，迟到一点没关系。
花时间陪家人和朋友对我们来说很重要。
我们只是顺便拜访我们的朋友，一般用不着提前计划好。
通常我们在市中心散步，就能尽可能多地见到我们的朋友！In Switzerland ,it's very important to be on time. We're the land of watches,after all ! If someone invites you to meet them at 4:00,you have to be there at 4:00.If you're even fifteen minutes late,your friend may get angry. Also,we never visit a friend's house without calling first.We usually make plans to see friends.We usually plan to do something interesting,or go somewhere together.在瑞士，守时很重要。
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外研版八级上册英语课文翻译：Module 12
M12 unit1
你必须等一等，过后再打开它
大家别聊了。
她来了！生日快乐，玲玲。
呀，你们还记着呢！
我们有礼物要送给你。
谢谢。
你可以把它打开！赶快！
哦，不行！我不能现在把它打开。
要过一会儿！
等等！在美国，有人送你礼物时，你必须要立刻打开它。
不行，在中国你不能马上打开礼物。
还要记住：你接礼物时，必须要用双手接。
双手接！在英国我们可以用一只手接！
是这样的。
另外，你必须用红色的纸包一个红包，因为这象征着吉利。
不能用白色、蓝色或黑色的纸。
大年初一那天你不能做扫除。
还有就是你不能剪发。
你是说着玩的吧！
你还不能打碎任何东西，这不吉利！不管怎么说，放轻松点！英国的传统也是很怪的！
还有就是你必须要多吃饺子！
饺子是什么？
1。
高级英语2的Unit12译文
高级英语2的Unit12译文Just recently a committee meeting at the University of Colorado was interrupted by the spectacle of a young man 1scaling the wall of the library just outside the window. Discussion of new interdisciplinary courses halted as we silently hoped he had discipline enough to return safely to the earth. Hope was all we could offer 2from our vantage point in Ketchum Hall, the impulse to rush out and catch him being 3checked by the realization of futility.就在最近，我们在科罗拉多大学举办的一次委员会会议因为窗户外一位年轻男士正在攀爬对面图书馆的高墙而半途中断。
这一刻，一切关于跨学科新课程的讨论戛然而止，因为我们都在默默地希望他接受过严格训练，能安全回到地面。
我们在凯彻姆礼堂看得很清楚，很想冲出去接住他，但当意识到这只能是徒劳无功时，我们所能做的也只有默默地为他祈祷。
The incident reinforced my sense that mountaineering serves as an 4apt analogy for the art of teaching. The excitement, the risk, the need for 5rigorous discipline all correspond, though the image I have in mind is not that of the solitary adventurer rappelling off a wall, but that of a Swiss guide leading an expedition.这次事件使我更加强烈地觉得攀岩对于教学艺术是一个恰当的类比。
人教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课文翻译
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课⽂翻译 翻译是指引，⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB的课⽂该怎么翻译呢?接下来是店铺⼩编为⼤家带来的关于⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂的翻译，希望会给⼤家带来帮助。
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂翻译：2a 部分翻译 Have you ever played jokes on others, especially on April Fool's Day? Have you ever been fooled by others? Tell your story to your partner. 你曾经捉弄过别⼈吗，特别是在这天?你曾经被别⼈捉弄过吗?向你的同伴讲述你的。
⼈教版九年级下册英语Unit12 SectionB课⽂翻译：2b 部分翻译 Read the passage quickly.Then match each paragraph with the main idea. 。
然后把每⼀段和中⼼意思搭配起来。
Paragraph 1 The most famous trick played 第⼀段最著名的恶作剧 Paragraph 2 Examples of funny stories that happened on April Fool's Day 第⼆段发⽣在愚⼈节的有趣的故事的例⼦ Paragraph 3 An introduction to April Fool's Day 第三段愚⼈节的介绍 Paragraph 4 A sad story that happened on April Fool's Day 第四段发⽣在愚⼈节的⼀个伤⼼的故事 USING BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE 运⽤背景知识 Carefully reading the first sentence in each paragraph can activate your own knowledge of the topic and help you guess what the whole text is about. 认真阅读每⼀段的第⼀句可以激活你⾃⼰对于这⼀话题的知识，并且帮助你猜测整篇⽂章的内容。
unit 12句子翻译
Unit 121 在最近几年，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
（take place）Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.2 我可以搭你的便车去学校吗？（give sb. a lift）Can you give me a lift to school?3 她一直梦想着成为一名歌手。
（dream of）She has been dreaming of being a singer.4 请往汤里加点盐。
（add …to）Please add some salt to the soup.5 电脑在人们日常生活中起着重要作用。
（play an important part in）Computers play am important part in our dailylife.6 到现在为止，这家出版社已经出版了多本深受欢迎的小说.（up to now）Up to now, the publisher has published many popular novels.7 我们应该避免犯相同的错误。
（avoid doing sth.）We should avoid making the same mistake.8 医生建议他要多做运动，少吃肉。
（suggest doing sth.）The doctor suggested her doing more exercises and eating less meat.9这就是我迟到的原因。
（That is why…）That is why I am late for school.10 她把她的成功归功于她的父母。
（owe sth. to ）She oews her success to her parents.11 我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。
（be proud of ）I am proud of what you did.12她坚持要和我一起去购物。
Unit 12 英语定语从句的翻译
Mr. Taylor, who had been silent before, spoke out suddenly. 刚才一直沉默不语的Taylor先生突然开口了。 This is the place where the workers’ and peasants’ Red Army made the crossing in 1934. 这就是工农红军1934年渡江的地方。
Part II 后置法 A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair-atthe-sight-of-a-mouse era, and a colonel who says that they haven’t. 一位年轻的姑娘和一位上校展开了一场热 烈的争论。姑娘坚持认为妇女已有进步， 看见老鼠就吓得跳上椅子的时代已经一去 不复还了， 而上校则认为没有。（重复先 行词， 译成独立句）
To write a dull book, as any poor writer could do, was unworthy of him. 写一本枯燥无味的书， 这是任何一 个蹩脚的作家都会做的。 Now many young people wish to be scientists, as (=scientists) it is possible for them to be on condition that they work hard. 现在许多青年都想当科学家， 在自 己刻苦努力的条件下， 这是大有可 能如愿以偿的。
His grandfather was a simple-mannered man, as the large-hearted and largeminded men are apt to be. 他祖父质朴大方， 慷慨而心胸开阔的人也 往往是这样的。 The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, as is often the case in other countries. 英国人对于与其不同的文化和行为方式不 大熟悉， 而在其他国家却往往不是这样。
unit12课文翻译Microsoft Word 文档
The Story of Florence Nightingale弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔的故事Florence Nightingale was born in Italy on 12 May 1820 and was named Florence after her birthplace. Florence and her sister were educated by their father and private teachers. She excelled in her studies. When she grew up , she decided to become a nurse. This decision greatly upset her family, because at that time nurses in England were looked down upon by people. But she was determined, and began caring for the sick in hospitals.弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔于1820年5月12日出生在意大利，并以他的出生地命名。
其父亲和私人教师教弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔和她的妹妹学习。
她学业优秀。
长大后，她决定做一名护士，这个决定令她的家人很不安。
因为在当时的英国，护士这个职业被别人看不起。
但是，她已下定决心,并开始在医院护理病患。
In 1854 ,England was fighting a war with Russia in Turkey .At the front many British soldiers were wounded or sick. The wounded soldiers lay on the hard floors of a dirty army hospital. In the evening, the tried to sleep, but rats ran over their bodies. The conditions for them were terrible. 1854年，英国与俄国在土耳其交战，很多英国士兵在前线受伤或患病，伤兵们躺在肮脏的军队医院里坚硬的地板上。
Unit12 课文翻译
In the rich world the idea of progress has become impoverished. Through complacency and bitter experience, the scope of progress has narrowed. The popular view is that, although technology and GDP advance, morals and society are treading water or, depending on your choice of newspaper, sinking back into decadence and barbarism. On the left of politics these days, “progress”comes with a pair of ironic quotation marks attached; on the right, “progressive”is a term of abuse. 在一个富裕的世界，关于进步的观念则变得贫困。
现状引起的自满和经历带来的痛苦都使得进步的视野越变越狭窄。
取决于你爱看哪种立场的报纸，流行的看法是：尽管科技和GDP 发展了，道德与社会却停滞不前，甚至可说是，正在向颓废和野蛮沉沦。
在当今政治的左翼，“进步”这两个字必定带有讽刺性的引号；而对于政治的右翼，“进步人士”也是一个被滥用的术语。
It was not always like that. There has long been a tension between seeking perfection in life or in the afterlife. Optimists in the Enlightenment and the 19th century came to believe that the mass of humanity could one day lead happy and worthy lives here on Earth. Like Madach’s Adam, they were bursting with ideas for how the world might become a better place.情况也并非一直都是这样糟糕。
高级英语 12-14课文翻译
unit12.我头顶烈日站在一艘渔船的滚烫的钢甲板上。
这艘渔船在丰收季节一天所处理加工的鱼可达15吨。
但现在可不是丰收季节。
这艘渔船此时此刻停泊的地方虽说曾是整个中亚地区最大的渔业基地，但当我站在船头向远处眺望时，却看出渔业丰收的希望非常渺茫。
1极目四顾，原先那种湛蓝色海涛轻拍船舷的景象已不复存在，取而代之的是茫茫的一片干燥灼热的沙漠。
渔船队的其他渔船也都搁浅在沙漠上，散见于陂陀起伏、绵延至天边的沙丘间。
十年前，咸海还是世界上第四大内陆湖泊，可与北美大湖区五大湖中的最大湖泊相媲美。
而今，由于兴建了一项考虑欠周的水利工程，原来注入此湖的水被引入沙漠灌溉棉田，咸海这座大湖的水面已渐渐变小，新形成的湖岸距离这些渔船永远停泊的位置差不多有40公里远。
与此同时，这儿附近的莫里那克镇上人们仍在生产鱼罐头，但所用的鱼已不是咸海所产，而是从一千多英里以外的太平洋渔业基地穿越西伯利亚运到这儿来的。
我因要对造成环境危机的原因进行调查而得以周游世界，考察和研究许多类似这样破坏生态环境的事例。
一九八八年深秋时节，我来到地球的最南端。
高耸的南极山脉中太阳在午夜穿过天空中的一个孔洞照射着地面，我站在令人难以置信的寒冷中，与一位科学家进行着一场谈话，内容是他正在挖掘的时间隧道。
这位科学家一撩开他的派克皮大衣，我便注意到他脸上因烈日的曝晒而皮肤皲裂，干裂的皮屑正一层层地剥落。
他一边讲话一边指给我看, 从我们脚下的冰川中挖出的一块岩心标本上的年层。
他将手指到二十年前的冰层上，告诉我说，“这儿就是美国国会审议通过化空气法案的地方。
”这里虽处地球之顶端，距美国首都华盛顿两大洲之遥，但世界上任何一个国家只要将废气排放量减少一席在空气污染程度上引起的相应变化便能在南极这个地球上最偏而人迹难至的地方反映出来。
迄今为止，地球大气层最重要的变化始于上世纪初的工业命，变化速度自那以后逐渐加快。
工业意味着先是煤、后是石油消耗。
我们燃烧了大量的煤和石油——导致大气层二氧化碳含的增加，这就使更多的热量得以留存在大气层中，从而使地球的候逐渐变暖。
人教版英语七年级下册unit12句子翻译每日五句
Unit12 Everyday Exercises for the First Day1、你上学期最喜欢的科目是什么？（last）2、你能教我怎样打羽毛球吗？（teach）3、三年前我爸爸常常和他的同事在周末划船钓鱼。
（ago）4、我还不确定今晚能不能和你出去吃饭.（eat）5、你女儿在科技馆从导游那里学习了很多关于机器人的知识吗？（learn）Unit12 Everyday Exercises for the Second Day1. 我的妈妈在自然历史博物馆从事导游工作。
（work）2. 他们有一个有200多种蝴蝶的蝴蝶馆。
（over）3. 我向游客介绍这些蝴蝶以及他们的生活习性。
4. 他是一名印度游客。
5. 熬夜对身体健康有害。
Unit12 Everyday Exercises for the Third Day1. 我上周末过的很开心。
你去哪了？（where）2. 妈妈想知道你和谁一起去的。
（who）3.对于你们来说学好一门第二语言是有好处的。
（good）4. 不要冲着别人叫嚷。
（shout）5. 我错过了早班车，那就是我为什么会迟到的原因。
（why）Unit12 Everyday Exercises for the Fourth Day1.你昨天在那幅画上面画了了张哭脸吗？（draw）2.是谁教你如何搭帐篷的？—是克拉克女士。
（put）3.你端午节假期间有做什么令人兴奋的事情吗？（exciting）4.那个穿黑衣服的老人一次性放了许多风筝。
（fly）5.上周六晚我熬夜打游戏了，所以第二天早起对我来说很困难。
（stay）Unit12 Everyday Exercises for the Fifth Day1. 他跑地如此快以至于我们完全不能跟上他。
（so）2. 他昨天熬夜了，所以我今天没有叫醒他。
（wake）3. 昨天，我看见相当多的学生在操场上打篮球。
（see）4. 我向窗外看去，但是我什么也没有看到。
长句的翻译
6.Without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of demonic personality, granite will, uncanny instincts, remarkable intellect, soaring imagination and --until the end, when drunk with power and success, he overestimated himself --- an amazing ability to size up people and situations, there would never have been a Third Reich Without Adolf Hitler, there would never have been a Third Reich He was possessed of demonic personality, granite will, uncanny instincts, remarkable intellect, soaring imagination and amazing ability to size up people and situations until the end, when drunk with power and success, he overestimated himself
没有阿道夫 希特勒，就绝不会有第三帝国 他拥有恶魔般的性格，花岗岩般坚强的意志， 不可思议的本领，非凡的智力，深远的想象 力以及对人和局势惊人的判断力 直到最后，他被权利和胜利冲昏了头脑，过 高的估计了自己，最终一败涂地 没有阿道夫 希特勒，就绝不会有第三帝国的 存在。希特勒拥有恶魔般的性格，花岗岩般 坚强的意志，不可思议的本领，非凡的智力， 深远的想象力以及对人和局势惊人的判断力。 直到最后，他被权利和胜利冲昏了头脑，过 高的估计了自己，最终一败涂地
人教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课文翻译1500字
人教版九年级下册英语Unit12SectionB课文翻译1500字课文翻译：Section BThe Mystery of the Bermuda TriangleThe Bermuda Triangle is a triangular area in the Atlantic Ocean, which is famous for its mysterious and unexplained disappearances of ships and planes. This area is bounded by Miami, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. People have been fascinated by the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle for many years.One of the most famous incidents involving the Bermuda Triangle happened in 1945. Five US Navy bombers went missing during a training mission over the region. The 14 crew members on board the planes also vanished. Search and rescue operations were carried out, but no trace of the planes or crew was ever found.There have been many theories about the disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle. Some people believe that unusual weather patterns, such as sudden storms and whirlpools, are the cause. Others think that magnetic anomalies in the area interfere with navigation systems, causing ships and planes to go off course and get lost. Some even speculate that aliens or sea monsters are responsible for the disappearances.In recent years, scientists have been able to find some possible explanations for the strange phenomena in the Bermuda Triangle. They have discovered that there are large amounts of methane gas trapped under the ocean floor in the region. This gas can escape and form huge gas bubbles, which can decrease the density of the water and cause ships to sink. When planes fly over these areas, the gas can enter the engines and cause them to fail.Despite these explanations, the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle is far from being solved. The stories and legends surrounding the area continue to captivate people's imaginations. Whether the Bermuda Triangle is truly a place of supernaturaloccurrences or simply a result of natural phenomena, it will continue to intrigue and fascinate people around the world.。
(完整word版)unit12课文翻译MicrosoftWord文档
The Story of Florence Nightingale弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔的故事Florence Nightingale was born in Italy on 12 May 1820 and was named Florence after her birthplace. Florence and her sister were educated by their father and private teachers. She excelled in her studies. When she grew up , she decided to become a nurse. This decision greatly upset her family, because at that time nurses in England were looked down upon by people. But she was determined, and began caring for the sick in hospitals.弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔于1820年5月12日出生在意大利，并以他的出生地命名。
其父亲和私人教师教弗劳伦斯.南丁格尔和她的妹妹学习。
她学业优秀。
长大后，她决定做一名护士，这个决定令她的家人很不安。
因为在当时的英国，护士这个职业被别人看不起。
但是，她已下定决心,并开始在医院护理病患。
In 1854 ,England was fighting a war with Russia in Turkey .At the front many British soldiers were wounded or sick. The wounded soldiers lay on the hard floors of a dirty army hospital. In the evening, the tried to sleep, but rats ran over their bodies. The conditions for them were terrible. 1854年，英国与俄国在土耳其交战，很多英国士兵在前线受伤或患病，伤兵们躺在肮脏的军队医院里坚硬的地板上。
新版新目标九年级Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.课文知识点详解
语法过去完成时1.过去完成时定义：过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态，它表示动作发生的时间是‘过去的过去’，它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就改有过去完成时。
先发生后发生过去的过去过去某时现在将来过去完成时从过去之前的某个时间点了、列过去的某个时间点为止2.构成：过去完成时的谓语由‘助动词had+过去分词’，否定式：had not+过去分词，(hadn’t）3.过去完成时的用法：（1）表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间成动作之前已经完成，即发生在‘过去的过去’这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示. Eg: we had planted euer loo trees by yesterday.（2）表示某一动作或状态，在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。
常与表示延续的时间状语连用。
Eg: By the end of last year,she had worked in the factory for twenty years.4.过去完成时的判断依据(1)由时间状语来判定，一般说来，各种时间都有特定的时间状语，与过去完成时连用的时间状语有①by+过去时间点Eg: she had finished rending the book by q o’clock yesterday morning.②by the end of+过去的时间. Eg: we had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.(2)由‘过去的过去’来判断：过去完成时表示‘过去的过去’指在过去某一动作或状态之前，已经发生或完成的动作或状态，即动作或状态，有先后关系，动作或状态在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去式时，这种用法常出现在：①含有宾语从句的复合句中：当主语为一般过去时，且从句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时。
Unit12单元课文翻译
Unit 12Life Is Full of the Unexpected生活中充满意外In May 2001, I found a job in New York at the World Trade Center. On September 11,在2001年五月，我在纽约世贸中心找到一份工作。
在九月十一日2001, I arrived at my building at around 8:30 . I was about to go up when I decided to get a我到达我的办公楼大约在上午的八点半。
我正要上楼时我决定先去买一杯coffee first. I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my咖啡。
我去了我最喜欢的咖啡店，即使从东面出发，那里离我的办公室有两个街区。
office. As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound. Before I could当我和其他的办公室工作人员一起排队等候时，我听到一声巨响。
在我可以join the others outside to see what was going on, the first plane had already hit my office加入其他人到外面看发生什么事。
第一架飞机已经撞上我的办公building. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building. I felt大楼我们难以置信的凝视着黑色的烟从燃烧着的大楼上升起。
我感到幸运，lucky to be alive.运为自己还活着。
Almost 10 years later, I woke up at 10:00 . on February 2 1,2011 and realized that my将近年后，我在2011年二月21日早上十点钟醒来。
现代大学英语精读2Unit12课后翻译句子答案
Unit121.When dealing with tough situations, try always to look at things from the bright side. Never despair.2.What do you suppose we should do to arouse everybody’s interest in sports?3.He was made chairman of the Academy of Social Science upon his return from England.4.Young people usually favor changes whereas old people favor more respect for tradition.5.The comedy was a terrific hit. Time after time, the audience roared with laughter.6.Like others, he likes to indulge in good food,good drinks, and pretty women. But he tries to justify himself by saying that all this is necessary for him to do this job.7.The earthquake has destroyed the whole town. Not a single building remains standing. Many people are in despair. Many are in favor of abandoning the town. But he refuses to give in. He is determined to meet the challenges.8.People often say “Great minds think alike”. I don’t think it always applies in real life. In fact, great minds often think differently, and only small minds think alike.9.We can apply to the state bank for a loan, but how are we going to justify our application?10.People roared with laughter. On occasions like this, usually you would feel insulted and boil with indignation. But he did not lose his tempter. This shows his moral character.11.A number of women believe that friendship is much more important than a broken marriage.12.The best thing you can do is to leave her alone for a couple of hours.13.The hotel is no more than 10 minutes’drive away from our university.14.Society is now much more tolerant/permissive than it was 20 years ago.15.Her comeback concert last night wasn’t as good as it could have been.16.The country’s economy is recovering a lot faster than people expected.17.Please state in no more than 5 minutes why you would like to obtain the position the company advertizes.18.Nelson Mandela is universally regarded as one of the most respected and admired national leaders on earth.19.The housing problem has attracted far more attention from ordinary people than from government officials. 20.We believe that Dong Jie is as highly skilled a brain surgeon as we can ever find in this city.。
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• It was the moment I ceased being a child, when I began to have an adult’s awareness of the pain and tragedy in life.
• 从那一刻起我不再是一个小孩，我开始 有了成年人的意识，能意识到人生的伤 痛与灾难。
该例用外位法可译为:殖民主义的威胁,殖民主 义给我们大陆造成的分裂、流血和混乱,以及 与殖民主义者结有不解之缘的种族主义和种族 仇恨,这一切我们都受够了。外位法是一个处 理长句颇为有效的方法。它往往使主句如释重 负,分外突出,同时也使语气贯通起来。通常可 用这种方法翻译的句子有:由几个并列从句或 并列成分或由二者交融构成的长句;由一个或 几个很长的状语从句或定语从句构成的长句; 由很长的从句或从属成分构成的疑问句。
• Such is human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. • （先译主语从句，后译主句。）许 多人常常宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以 换取成为白领工人的社会地位，这 在西方则是人之常情。
Unit 12
The Translation of Long Sentence
翻译长句时,首先要弄清原文的句法结构,找 出主句和从句,以及它们之间的逻辑关系,同 时,还要从词、句的字里行间捕捉作者所表达 的思想、感情、笔锋、神韵,然后再按汉语的 表达习惯加以翻译。一般说来,翻译的目的不 是再现原文的语法形式,而是传达原文的思想 内容。在进行长难句翻译时,不能拘泥于原文 的语法框框,而应在准确理解的基础上,分清 句子的层次,掌握叙述的重点、逻辑及语气, 然后再根据汉语的规范和习惯,恰当地“拆整 为零”“化长为短”,做到内容忠实,文字晓 畅。
这个句子是由一个主句、两个定语从句和一个状语 从句组成。“时间是过得很快的”是主句,也是全 句的中心内容,全句共有四层意思:⑴时间是过得很 快;⑵如果你懂得什么是美的话;⑶当你跟可爱的孩 子们站在池子里,又有个年轻的狄安那在池边好奇 地接受东西;⑷你所捉上来的东西。按汉语的表达 习惯,条件在先,结果在后,这个句子应逆着原文顺序 译出。可译为:当你跟可爱的孩子们站在池子里,又 有个年轻的狄安那在池边好奇地接受你所捉上来的 东西的时候,如果你懂得什么叫美的话,时间是过得 很快的。
6.包孕法:包孕法就是在翻译时,可以将后修饰语译成 前修饰语,即把修饰语与中心词、主句和从句合起来 译成一个简单句子,也就是把修饰语或从句包含在一 起,但要注意包孕成分不宜过长。
•However, even the president Tacqueville, who predicted 150 years ago that the United States and Russia would emerge as two great contending world powers could not have foreseen that the nation that potentially could decide the world balance of power in the last decades of the twentieth century, and that could become the most powerful nation on earth during the twenty-first century, would be China.
• 1、顺译法 有些英语长句所叙述的一连串动作基本上是按 动作发生的时间先后安排,也有些英语长句的 内容是按逻辑关系安排,这与汉语表达方法比 较一致,因此翻译时一般可按照原文顺序译出。 • If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name “Windy City”. • 如果你乘坐火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗 留一两个小时，你也会感到从密歇根湖那边吹 拂过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做 “风城”的缘故。
• Solutions of the problem of old age have to be considered against a historical background of slow but substantial changes in Chinese family structure, caused by rising living standards and family planning. • 由于人民生活水平的不断提高以及计划 生育，中国的家庭结构发生着缓慢却又 具有实质性的变化，必须根据这一历史 背景考虑到老年的问题。
People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.
2、倒译法
有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同, 甚至完全相反,这时就必须要从原文后面译起, 逆着原文的顺序翻译,所谓反其道而行之。
Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can catch.
翻译时可安排两个比较长的包孕句,即:⑴即使是 150年前曾预言过美国和俄国将成为互相争夺的两 个世界大国的托克维尔总统。⑵20世纪最后几十 年具有决定世界均势潜力并能成为21世纪中最强 大的国家将是中国。这两个包孕句用一定的词语, 如“然而”“也”等直接连起来即为译文。第一 个包孕句是把后修饰语译成前修饰语;第二个包孕 句是将从句和主句合起来译成一个长句。第二个 包孕句虽然长了些,但仍层次清楚,明晰可读。
尽管警察已接到命令，要作好准备以应付紧急情况， 但人们不敢出门，因为警察也和其他人一样不知所 措和无能为力。
5.外位法:外位语结构是汉语里比较常见的一种句子 结构,翻译长句时可以适当地采用。具体方法是:把句 中较长的难以处理的成分(包括很长的定语从句、状 语从句或并列从句等)提前译出,作为外位独立成分, 然后再动用“这”、“那”、“他”、“他们”“、 该点”“、这方面”等一类承上词语作为本位语将 主句译出。采用外位结构,可以突出重点,避免臃肿, 句子也平稳严密,清楚顺当。
If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
如果说她早已失掉了那蔚蓝色的眼睛的，花 儿般的魅力，也失掉了她脸儿和身段的那种 冰清玉洁，苗条多姿的气质和那苹果花似的 颜色----二十六年前这种花容月貌曾那样迅 速而奇妙地影响过艾舍斯特----那么在四十 三岁的今天，她依旧是个好看而忠实的伴侣， 不过两颊淡淡地有点儿斑驳，而灰蓝的眼睛 也有点儿饱满了。
We are weary of the dangers of colonialism,the divisions it has brought to our continent, the bloodshed and confusion,the racism and hate that go hand in glove with the colonialists.
Engles spoke with the authority and confidence, born of forty years’ closest friendship and intellectual intimacy, during which he had grasped, as no other man had, the full significance of Marx’s teachings. 由于四十年的最亲密的友谊和思想契合， 恩 格斯对马克思学说的意义比任何人都了解得 彻底，他就是以这四十年所给他的资格和信 心说这番话的。
4.综合法:
英语的长句情况十分复杂,有时要翻译好一个 长句单用一种方法解决不了问题,而,尤其是对初学者来说,不但要学会利用、 熟练驾驭各种翻译方法,而且要学会善于综合 利用各种手段。实际上,翻译一个长句往往需 要几种方法的配合,才能把句子译通、译顺、 译好。
这个句子是由一个主句、一个状语从句和三个定语从句组成 的。“她依旧是个好看而忠实的伴侣”是主句,也是全句的 中心内容。主句前边是一个假设状语从句,其中又包含一个 定语从句,这个定语从句较长,所以,译文中应加破折号并放在 被修饰语之后。原文各句的逻辑关系、表达顺序与汉语完全 一致,因此可按原句顺序译出。
• The era of blatant discrimination ended in the 1960s through the courageous actions of thousands of blacks participating in peaceful marches and sit-ins, to force Southern states to implement the Federal desegregation laws in schools and public accommodation. • 六十年代，千千万万的黑人参加了和平 游行示威和静坐，他们的勇敢行动迫使 南方各州执行联邦政府关于在学校和公 共场所所废除种族隔离的法律，从而结 束了公然歧视黑人的时代。