高考英语定语从句语法专项复习(有答案)

(2)This is the house ___________a fire broke out last year. 解.:(1)先将先行词 the house 还原到从句中 The teacher wanted to buy the house .句子完整, the house 作 buy 的宾语,故填 which 或 that,或省略.
Which，that，/
定语 whose whose
表语 That, who , / Which, that, /
2. 三步法： ①寻找：找先行词 ②还原：把现行词还原到从句中看先行词做什么成分 ③选填：准确选填 1.(1)This is the house __________the teacher wanted to buy.
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She took photographs of the things and people (that) she was interested in.
★ 只用 which 不用 that 的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中 He passed the exam, which made me surprise. ②在介词后面 I have many books , half of which are about English. 高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·定语从句
定语从句单句改错之模拟训练： 1. He is the man his car was stolen. 2. That’s the hotel which we were staying last summer. 3. That’s the palace where we visited last summer. 4.It’s really a beautiful place, where everyone hopes to visit.
高考英语定语从句语法专项复习
(名师剖析语法+WORD 版本试题，建议下载练习)
教学内容
定语从句
教学目标
1. 定语从句的用法 2. 定语从句连接词的选择
定语从句
一、定义
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分因形容词定语，
所以又称之为形容词性从句。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句 常见的关系代词有 which, that, who, whom, whose, as 1. 通过以下句子成分的分析确定关系代词的选填 做主语 ① The boy (who/that) wear the red cloth is very handsome.
关系代词前介词的确定 ⅰ依据从句中的习惯搭配来确定
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. ⅱ依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
I shall never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. ⅲ依据表达的意思来确定
考点规律分析:定语从句短文改错考点主要涉及定语从句引导词的误用、缺失以及多余；语法填空主要考查根据 先行词及上下文填合适的引导词。 定语从句单句改错之真题训练： 1. …in other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. 2. I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. 3. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 4. I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. 5.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.
前面有介词，用 whom
做定语 ① I like the sea (whose) window looks out over the sea.
“三步法”①寻找： ②分析： ③做定语时：用 whose
② My deskmate is a boy (whose ) skin is so good. 做表语
选择关系代词或是关系副词的区别： 看从句的动词是及物还是不及物。
③ This is the farm (that)I visited two years ago. This is the farm (where)I stayed two years ago.
Visit 是及物动词，后面缺少宾语 Stay 是不及物动词，后面不缺宾语，farm 是一个 表示地点的名词，所以在从句中做地点状语 ④ This is the reason (that ) I mistake this morning. This is the reason（why）I was late this morning.
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
五、关系代词 which 和 that 的区别 ★ 只用 that 不用 which 的用法（七大条） ①当先行词是 all, much , little ,few, something, anything , everything ,none, nothing ,等不定代词或是被不定代词修 饰时。 There is not much (that) ought to be done right now. ②当先行词是表语或是关系代词在从句中为表语时 He is not the man (that) he was. ③ 当主句以 here 或是 there 开头时。 Here is the hotel (that) you’ve been looking for. ④ 当先行词有 the only, the same, the very, the last 等限定词修饰时。 Chatting is the only thing (that) interested her most. ⑤ 当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或是被序数词或是被形容词的最高级修饰时 This is the best film (that)I‘ve ever seen. ⑥ 主句是以 who 或是 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the person（that）is standing at the gate. ⑦ 先行词同时是人又是物时。
① You are not a girl (who/ that/不填 )was two years ago.
“三步法”①寻找： ②分析： ③做表语时：用 which，that 或不
填
2. 为了便于大家记忆，总结一下下表：
主语
宾语
指人
who, that
That, who, whom, /
指物
Which, that
定语从句单句改错之提升训练： 1. This is the factory where we visited last week. 2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 4. The house in that we live is very small. 5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow. 6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 7. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
Байду номын сангаас
关系副词
代替先行词，在从句中做状语
时间：when 地点：where 原因：why ①I shall never forget the days( which ) I spent in that factory.
I shall never forget the days (when ) I worked in that factory.
Mistake 是个及物动词 I was late this morning ,句子成分完全
四、“介词+关系代词的结构” ①替 where ,在定语从句中在地点状语 This id the farm in which (=where) I stayed two years ago.
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②替 when ,在定语从句中在时间状语 I shall never forget the days on which (=when) we worked on the farm ③替 why 在从句中做原因状语 This is the reason for which (=why) I was late this morning. ④名词/代词+介词+关系代词的结构” 常见得结构有：some/several/a few/a little/ many/more/most/the largest… of which /whom Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult for you.
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9. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died. 11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill. 12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands. 13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard. 14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors. 15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there. 16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening. 17. That is the way which they work. 18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice. 19. Who is the man who has white hairs? 20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea. 定语从句单句改错之真题训练： 1.that 改为 which，因介词后要用 which 来引导定语从句 2.去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that，因这里的定语从句中谓语动词(spent)缺宾语，故只能用关系代词 that 或将其 省略 3.where 改为 which，因此处要填关系代词作主语 4.who’s 改为 whose，因 who’s=who is，不仅结构错误，而且意思也不通；whose 引导定语从句，表示“……的” 定语从句单句改错之模拟训练： 1. his 改为 whose，whose 在此引导定语从句。 2.which 改为 where，where 引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；此题还可在 staying 后加 in。 3. where 改为 which / that，也可去掉 where，因 visit 为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语（也可省略）。 4.where 改为 which，which 在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语(用作 visit 的宾语)。 5．what→which/that 或去掉 what 考查定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词 that/which，也可省略。 定语从句单句改错之提升训练： 1. where→that/which 或去掉 where。 2. 把 for 放在 looking 之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:look after, run into 等。 3. who→whom。尽管在口语中 who, whom 都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用 whom。 4. that→which。 5. that→which。that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 6. which→that 或去掉 which。当先行词被 all, every, no,some, any, little 等修饰时,常用 that 引导定语从句。 7. which→that 或去掉 which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或 the only,the very 等所修饰时,常用 that 引导定