英语中的主谓一致

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Subject-verb Concord(主谓一致)

Subject-verb Concord(主谓一致)

4.群岛、山脉、瀑布等专有名词如: the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls等做主语时,谓动用复数。
Niagara Falls are a splendid scene.
5.名词如trousers, pants, shorts, glasses, scissors以及clothes, goods等做主语,谓 动要用单数;但当这类词前有a/the pair of 修饰时,谓动用单数。
七、number, many a...等做主语时的主谓一 致
1. the number of做主语时,谓动用单 数;a number of做主语时,谓动用复 数。 The number of mistakes is surprising. A number of books are missing from the library.
• 另外,像works(工厂),politics(政治),physics (物理)等词,虽然形式上是以s结尾,但表示的意义 是单数,故谓语动词要用单数形式。相反,people, police等词形式上是单数形式,但表示复数意义,谓 语动词要用复数形式
邻近一致
• 谓语动词该用单数还是复数形式,取决 于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。 • 另外,neither...nor, either...or,not only...but also连接两个名词或代词作主语时,或 由there,here引导的句子,并且主语 不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近它的 那个主语保持数上一致。
Subject-verb Concord/Agreement (主谓一致)
在英语中,句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数 上的一致关系,叫主谓一致(Subject-verb Concord/Agreement)。这种关系通常要遵循三 条原则:

英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致,就近一致,意义一致。

1.两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意:用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。

2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。

His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

英语中主谓一致知识点总结

英语中主谓一致知识点总结

英语中主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。

下面是一些主谓一致的知识点总结:一般情况下,主谓在人称和数上保持一致。

即,单数主语使用单数谓语动词,而复数主语使用复数谓语动词。

例子:He runs every morning. (他每天早上跑步。

)They run every morning. (他们每天早上跑步。

)若主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词要加上“-s”或者“-es”。

例子:He speaks English fluently. (他英语讲得很流利。

)She studies math every day. (她每天都学数学。

)若主语为第一人称复数或第二人称复数形式,谓语动词不加“-s”。

例子:We like to play soccer. (我们喜欢踢足球。

)You have to finish your homework. (你们必须完成作业。

)若主语为集体名词,根据语境决定是否使用单数或复数形式的谓语动词。

例子:The team is practicing for the game. (队伍正在为比赛进行练习。

)The team are having a meeting before the game. (队伍在比赛前开会。

)若主语为连接词(如and, or, neither...nor, either...or),谓语动词的形式要根据最接近的主语决定。

例子:John and Mary are siblings. (约翰和玛丽是兄妹。

)Neither the book nor the movie is interesting. (这本书和电影都不有趣。

)需要注意的是,有些名词,尽管是复数形式,但是在表示某个整体的时候可以当作单数,所以用单数谓语动词。

例子:My pants is too tight. (我的裤子太紧。

)Physics is a difficult subject. (物理是一个难的学科。

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。

2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。

(1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。

并列主的一致1.And(1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体,用数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。

every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数。

(5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近的主一致。

英语语法——主谓一致

英语语法——主谓一致
——— 谓语动词用单数
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单---பைடு நூலகம்-谓语单
A knife and fork_i_s_ used to have meals.
(and 后无冠词) 指同一个人
(and 后无冠词)
The singer and dancer__is__ on the stage.
指一副刀叉
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
主语形单意复,谓语用复数 主语形复意单,谓语用单数
谓语的单复数形式 取决于最靠近他的主语。
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语 谓语与主语一致
语法一致
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
1.常见复数形式名词:
(1)Trousers、scissors(剪刀)、 clothes、goods(货物)、glasses、shoes
Every boy and every girl in the class _______(be) diligent. No sound and no voice _______(be) heard.
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
7. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语 ——— 谓语动词用单数
主形单意复,谓语复;主形复意单,谓语单
2. 有些以-s 结尾的名词虽形式是复数, 但意义上是单数(形复意单)谓语用单
① Every means _h_a_s___ been tried since then. ② No news __i_s_ good news. (is / are) ③ Maths / physics __i_s__ the subject that I like most. (is / are)

初中英语语法之主谓一致

初中英语语法之主谓一致

初中英语语法之主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致,即句中谓语的变化形式由句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。

主谓一致通常遵循三个原那么语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么。

语法一致语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。

考点一:一般情况下,主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数可数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

考点二:动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点三:复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

注意:1. "neither of/none/either of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。

2. either指"两者之中任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

3. each作同位语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;"each of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点四:当用both ... and…连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。

当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数形式;当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念,或表示不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点五:当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。

考点六:一些由两局部构成的表示物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,如shoe, glove, trouser, scissor, chopstick等。

英语句子的主谓一致

英语句子的主谓一致

英语句子的主谓一致(使用作文的格式)英语句子的主谓一致英语语法中,主语和谓语动词之间需要保持一致,这被称为主谓一致。

主谓一致是英语句子的基本要求之一,它使得句子更加清晰、易于理解。

本文将探讨英语句子的主谓一致规则,并提供一些实用的示例来帮助读者更好地理解和运用主谓一致规则。

一、主谓一致的基本规则在英语句子中,主语和谓语动词在人称和数上需要保持一致。

具体而言,如果主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要使用单数形式;如果主语是第三人称复数或任何其他人称,谓语动词要使用复数形式。

下面是一些主谓一致的基本规则:1. 单数主语 + 单数谓语动词:He walks to school every day.(他每天步行去上学。

)2. 复数主语 + 复数谓语动词:They love playing basketball.(他们喜欢打篮球。

)3. 第三人称单数主语 + 单数谓语动词:She sings beautifully.(她唱得很好听。

)4. 非第三人称单数主语 + 复数谓语动词:I like reading books.(我喜欢阅读书籍。

)二、特殊情况下的主谓一致除了上述基本规则外,还存在一些特殊情况下的主谓一致规则需要注意。

以下是一些常见的特殊情况及其规则:1. 过去式动词当谓语动词是过去式时,无论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都要使用单数形式。

例如:The dog barked all night.(那只狗整晚都在叫。

)The children played in the park yesterday.(孩子们昨天在公园里玩。

)2. 不可数名词不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要使用单数形式。

例如:Music is my passion.(音乐是我的激情。

)3. 关系代词当关系代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致。

例如:The house that John built is beautiful.(约翰建造的房子很漂亮。

主谓一致的原则

主谓一致的原则

主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确,符合语言规范。

本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则,并通过一些例子来加深理解。

一、基本原则在英语句子中,主语和谓语之间必须保持一致,具体包括以下几个方面:1. 人称一致:主语是第一人称(I、we)、第二人称(you)或第三人称(he、she、it、they)时,谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。

例如:- I am a student.(我是一名学生。

)- He sings beautifully.(他唱得很美。

)2. 数一致:主语是单数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用单数;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用复数。

例如:- The dog barks loudly.(这只狗叫得很大声。

)- The birds are chirping.(鸟儿正在鸣叫。

)3. 特殊情况:有些特殊情况下,主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。

例如:- 不定代词:somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时,谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。

例如:Nobody wants to go with me.(没有人想和我一起去。

)- 连接词:and连接的主语,如果表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。

例如:Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.(汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。

)The boys and girls are playing in the park.(男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。

)二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则,以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。

例题1:The team _____ working on the project.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"the team",是单数形式,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数,填入be的单数形式"is",句子变为:"The team is working on the project."例题2:He and his friends _____ going to the concert.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"he and his friends",表示多个人,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数,填入be的复数形式"are",句子变为:"He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3:One of the students _____ the exam.(fail)在这个例句中,主语是"one of the students",表示多个学生中的一个,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数,填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails",句子变为:"One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时,常见的错误包括以下几种:1. 混淆主谓的人称和数:主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致,不可以混淆。

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致

英语主谓一致一般说来,谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致,即主谓一致。

主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。

一、语法上一致1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。

Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true.2 and连接主语时,注意以下几点:1)由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。

Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village.3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时,谓语用单数。

Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain.5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致1.由and 或both…and连接的并列结构作主语如果意义为复数,谓语动词用复数;由and 连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。

Rain and wind have caused a damage of about $20 million in that area.Where is the watch and chain?Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.2.and 连接的并列主语带有each, every 或many a 等限定词,通常用单数.Each actor and each actress was invited to the concert.Every boy and every girl in this room has been criticized for being absent from class.Many a teacher and parent is playing an important role in educating children.3.主语+with/as well as/but/other than…+n. / pron.等结构当“主语+with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, in addition to, including, except, but, other than, apart from, r ather than, no less than, more than, as much as, instead of, unlike… + N/Pron.”时,其谓语动词的单复数与主语保持一致。

Nothing but stamps and envelops is sold in the post office.Jean, rather than her roommates, is to meet with Professor Brown at the airport.Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss.A library with five thousand books has been offered to the nation as a gift.4. 就近一致原则由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or,not only …but also, not…but, 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最靠近于它的名词或代词保持一致。

英语主谓一致的三个原则

英语主谓一致的三个原则

英语主谓一致的三个原则英语中的主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)、数(单数和复数)和人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)方面要保持一致。

下面是主谓一致的三个原则:1.第一人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第一人称,即指说话人自己时,谓语动词要用第一人称的形式,即单数一致。

例如:- I am going to the store.(我要去商店。

)- We are going to the store.(我们要去商店。

)2.以及第二人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第二人称,即指与说话人进行交流的人时,谓语动词要用第二人称的形式,即单数或复数一致。

例如:- You are my best friend.(你是我最好的朋友。

)- You all are my best friends.(你们都是我最好的朋友。

)3.并且第三人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第三人称,即指除了说话人和听话人之外的其他人或物时,谓语动词要用第三人称的形式,根据主语的单复数来确定。

例如:- He is going to the store.(他要去商店。

)- They are going to the store.(他们要去商店。

)需要注意的是,存在一些特殊情况需要特别注意:- 当主语由连接词"and"连接时,如果主语是两个单数名词,则谓语动词要用复数形式;如果主语是一个单数名词和一个复数名词,则谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如:- Tom and Jerry are playing soccer.(汤姆和杰瑞正在踢足球。

)- The cat and the dogs are eating.(猫和狗正在吃饭。

)- 当主语是由 either...or 或 neither...nor 连接时,谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如:- Neither John nor his friends are going to the party.(约翰和他的朋友们都不去参加派对。

英语中重要知识点--主谓一致

英语中重要知识点--主谓一致

主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。

例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。

这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。

本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。

后面的职务用and 相连。

这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例如:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

英语中主谓一致解析

英语中主谓一致解析

英语中主谓一致解析主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致,内容一致,就近一致.(一)语法一致原则:即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with ,along with,together with,like(象),but (除了),except,besides,as well as,no less than,rather than(而不是),including,in addition to 引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外,没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

主谓一致

主谓一致
“more than”
1. “More than one + 单形名词”结构虽有复念, 但习惯上多用单数谓语 More than one question was asked.
2. “more +复形名词+than one”多要求复数动词 More members than one have protested against the proposal.
单数形式的名词与谓语动词的一致之 “两个形容词+一个单形名词”
在“两个形容词+一个单形名词”结构中,单 数名词如有复念(即代表两个事物),则 用复数动词
The red and the white rose are both beautiful.
English and French grammar are not very difficult to learn.
主语为复数形式,则谓语动词也用复数形 式。
I often help him and he often helps me.
We often help each other.
二、意义一致
主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,则谓 语动词用复数;
主语形式为复数,而意义为单数,则谓语 动词用单数。
The crowd were surrounding the government official. Maths is hard to learn.
This group of students(这一组学生) is to be sent to Italy.
This group of students(这组学生都) are to be sent to Italy.
5. “a number of /numbers of + 复形名词”结构 应用复数动词;而“the number of +复形名词” 结构应用单数动词。

英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

第一讲主谓一致“一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。

“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject ——verb Concord)。

1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。

1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。

例如:Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。

有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。

例如:The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式,而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。

主谓一致的规则与注意点

主谓一致的规则与注意点

主谓一致的规则与注意点在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上相互匹配的规则。

正确的主谓一致可以使句子更加通顺,准确地传达出所要表达的意思。

本文将介绍主谓一致的规则和注意点,并给出一些相关的例子。

一、一般情况下的主谓一致规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致:- The dog barks loudly.(这只狗吠叫得很大声。

)- My friend likes to read books.(我的朋友喜欢读书。

)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致:- The birds fly south for the winter.(鸟儿们为了过冬飞向南方。

) - My parents are doctors.(我父母是医生。

)3. 不可数名词作为主语时,用单数谓语动词:- Physics is an interesting subject.(物理是一门有趣的科目。

)- Sugar tastes sweet.(糖的味道甜。

)4. 使用there is/are句型时,谓语动词与后面的主语一致:- There is a cat on the roof.(屋顶上有一只猫。

)- There are many books on the shelf.(书架上有很多书。

)二、特殊情况下的主谓一致规则1. 当主语由“each”, “every”, “either”, “neither”等修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式:- Each student needs to bring their own pen.(每个学生都需要带上自己的钢笔。

)- Neither of them is available tomorrow.(他们中的任何一个明天都不可用。

)2. 当主语由“either...or”, “neither...nor”, “not only...but also”等连接时,谓语动词与最靠近的主语一致:- Either the cat or the dogs are sleeping.(要么猫要么狗正在睡觉。

主谓一致的规则及应用

主谓一致的规则及应用

主谓一致的规则及应用主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则,指的是主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

正确运用主谓一致规则会增强句子的准确性和流畅性,使表达更加清晰。

本文将介绍主谓一致的规则,并给出一些应用实例。

一、基本规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致。

例如:- The cat is sleeping.(这只猫在睡觉。

)- She runs every morning.(她每天早上跑步。

)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致。

例如:- The students are studying in the library.(学生们正在图书馆学习。

)- They play football every weekend.(他们每个周末踢足球。

)3. 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常使用单数形式。

例如:- Rice is a staple food in many countries.(米饭是许多国家的主食。

)- Water is essential for life.(水对生命至关重要。

)4. 用作主语的不定代词通常与单数谓语动词一致。

例如:- Everyone wants to be happy.(每个人都想要快乐。

)- Somebody has left their bag here.(有人把包落在这里了。

)5. 连接词and连接的两个主语,谓语动词通常与复数一致。

例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。

)- My mom and dad like gardening.(我爸爸妈妈喜欢园艺。

)二、特殊情况1. 数量词、百分数加名词短语作主语时,谓语动词取决于名词短语中的名词单复数形式。

例如:- Fifty percent of the students are girls.(百分之五十的学生是女孩。

)- A lot of money has been spent on this project.(这个项目花费了很多钱。

英语语法主谓一致

英语语法主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致;主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致;语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致;意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致;就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致..表里不一主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象1;"more than one +名词"作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花. 2;"many a +名词"作主语时;从意义上看是复数;但谓语动词常用单数.例如:Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.3;"half of ;the rest of ;most of ;all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时;谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如:Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.4;all指人时;动词用复数;all指物时;动词用单数.例如:"All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了;一切进展顺利5;what引导的主语从句;谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时;动词用单数;相反;则用复数.例如:What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.6;and连接的两个单数名词前若用each ;every ;no修饰;该名词短语作主语时;谓语动词用单数形式.例如:No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.7;当主语后面有as well as ;with ;along with ;together with ;but ;like ;rather than ;except;逗号加and连接几个名词等引导的短语时;谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如:My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.8;each作主语的同位语时;谓语动词由主语来决定;与each无关.例如:They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车.9;动词不定式;动词-ing形式短语作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如:Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.10;the following作主语时;谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如:The following are good examples下面是一些好例子.11;以-ics结尾的学科名词;如politics ;physics ;mathematics等作主语时;谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news ;works ;plastics等同属此类.例如:Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课.当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时;用作复数;如:mathematics运算能力politics政治观点economics经济意义等..12;有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数trousers ;glasses ;shoes .shorts .scissors .scales等作主语时;前面若有"一条";"一副";"一把"之类的单位词;动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数;则谓语动词用复数.例如:The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数:arms武器.clothes .contents .minutes记录.remains遗体.thanks等13;"one and a half +名词"作主语时;谓语动词要用单数.例如:One and a half apples is left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果.14;"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时;谓语动词用复数.例如:One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.15;"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中;定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中;"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如:He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.16;表示时间;距离;金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时;谓语动词常用单数;但若强调数量;谓语动词可用复数.例如:One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱. -s结尾一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如:arthritis ;bronchitis ;diabetes ;mumps ;phlebitis ;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题;以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Darts is basically an easy game.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如:Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题;某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如:The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如:The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题;某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics ;mathematics ;mechanics ;optics ;acoustics ;politics;st atistics ;economics ;linguistics ;athletics等;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:The third world economics is promising.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如:Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题;.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语;英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses ;pincers ;pliers ;scissors ;shorts ;suspenders ;trousers 等; 为复数名词;后接复数谓语集合名词1单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类.如:a class—classes; a family—families; a government—governments; anarmy—armies ;a people—peoples民族; a group—groups; a crowd—crowds; a crew—crews等.这类集合名词强调的是整体性;即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待.属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时;谓语动词用单数;复数形式作主语时;谓语动词用复数.例如A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.每个上午一大群人经常聚集在广场上The government has decided to pass the bill.政府已决定通过这一法案There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.星期天有大群大群的人在街上..There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.在世界上有许多讲英语的民族..但应注意;这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念;所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为"单复同形型"中.2单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体;即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内;所以只有单数形式.如作主语;谓语动词常用单数.这类名词常见的有:humanity ;mankind ;proletariat等.例如The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment ;mankind makes constant progress.3复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的;就是说它们只有单数形式;但表达的都是复数概念.它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有:police ;cattle ;faculty ;flock ;machinery ;vermin ;personnel等.它们作主语时;谓语动词要用复数.例如The police have caught the murder.Our personnel are very highly trained.The vermin are very dangerous.4单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时;用单数动词或复数动词均可;有时意义区别不大;具体看语境;是强调集体还是个体..例如The school teaching staff are is excellent.The public is are requested not to litter in the park.The teaching profession claims to be badly paid.这类集合名词常见的有:class;family;team;crew;board;herd;committee;party;jury;enemy;au dience等.根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体;就认为是单数;用单数动词;若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话;就认为其为复数;用复数动词.试比较:The football team is playing well.那个足球队打得非常漂亮. The football team are shavings bath and are then coming back here for tea. 足球队员们正在洗澡;然后来这里吃茶点.The family is a very happy one.那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭.That family are very pleased about the news of William's success. 全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴.典型例题1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意:当主语由and连接时;如果它表示一个单一的概念;即指同一人或同一物时;谓语动词用is;and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词;共用一个冠词用单数;表示The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案 B. 注:先从时态上考虑.这是过去发生的事情应用过去时;先排除A.;C..本题易误选D;因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人;但仔细辨别;monitor 前没有the;在英语中;当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人;所以应选B.2 主谓一致中的就近原则当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时;谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致.There is a pen;a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.总的来说;在由not only…but also…;not just…but…;or;either…or…;neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中;谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理;即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式..如:Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.Either you or she is to go.There is a pen ;a few envelops and some paper for you.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with ;together with ;like; except ;but ;no less than ;as well as 等词引起的短语时;谓语动词与前面的主语一致.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.4 谓语需用单数1 代词each和由every ;some ;no ;any等构成的复合代词作主语;或主语中含有each ;every;谓语需用单数.Each of us has a tape-recorder.There is something wrong with my watch.2 当主语是一本书或一条格言时;谓语动词常用单数.The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.<一千零一夜>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书.3 表示金钱;时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时;通常把这些名词看作一个整体;谓语一般用单数.用复数也可;意思不变.Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数1 在代词what ;which ;who ;none ;some ;any ;more ;most ;all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定.All is right. 一切顺利.All are present. 所有人都到齐了.2 集体名词作主语时;谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family ;team;group;club ;public ;audience ;crew ;crowd ;class ; company ;committee等词后用复数形式时;意为这个集体中的各个成员;用单数时表示该个集体.His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭.His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者.但集合名词people ;police ;cattle ;poultry家禽.militia民兵.vermin 害虫等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Are there any police around3有些名词;如variety ;number ;population ;proportion ;majority 等有时看作单数;有时看作复数.A number of +名词复数+动词的第三人称单数形式.The number of +名词复数+动词非第三人称单数形式.A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.6 与后接名词或代词保持一致1 用half of; part of ;most of ;a portion of 等词引起主语时;动词通常与of后面的名词;代词保持一致.Most of his money is spent on books.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2 在一些短语;如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时;谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than… of 作主语时;动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致.Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市.7 the+形容词/国籍形容词..表示一类人/一国人;作主语;谓语动词用复数..8 the+姓氏的复数;表示一家人或两夫妇;作主语时;谓语动词用复数;9四则运算时;谓语动词用单数..10 表示;时间;距离;重量;金额;书名的复数名词作主语时;通常当做整体看待;谓语动词用单数..。

什么是英语中的主谓一致

什么是英语中的主谓一致

什么是英语中的主谓一致英语中的主谓一致指的是句子中的主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

在英语语法中,主语的人称和数应与谓语的人称和数相匹配,以确保句子的结构正确和语义清晰。

主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则之一,它对于正确表达意思和避免语法错误非常重要。

在英语句子中,主谓一致的主要规则如下:1. 一般情况下,在单数形式的主语前使用单数形式的谓语动词,而在复数形式的主语前使用复数形式的谓语动词。

例如:- He walks to school every day.(他每天步行上学。

)- They walk to school every day.(他们每天步行上学。

)2. 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要加上“-s”或“-es”。

例如:- She reads a book.(她在读一本书。

)- The cat sits on the mat.(猫坐在地毯上。

)3. 当主语是以“-s”、“-x”、“-z”、“-o”结尾的名词时,谓语动词不需要添加“-s”。

例如:- The bus stops here.(公共汽车在这里停车。

)- The box contains books.(盒子里装着书。

)4. 当主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词使用单数形式。

例如:- Water is essential for life.(水对于生命是必不可少的。

)- Music brings joy to people.(音乐给人们带来快乐。

)5. 当主语是复合主语,且由and连接时,谓语动词使用复数形式。

例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。

)6. 当主语是复合主语,且由or、nor连接时,谓语动词与最接近的主语保持一致。

例如:- Either John or his brothers are responsible for the mess.(要么是约翰,要么是他的兄弟们对这个乱糟糟的地方负责。

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法——主谓一致一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

例如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2.意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃牛饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。

3.就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型:1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语,谓语用复数形式。

2.many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。

例如:Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。

例如: More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4.表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。

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英语主谓一致一般说来,谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致,即主谓一致。

主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。

一、语法上一致1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。

Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one’s head means agreement.What they said is true.2 and连接主语时,注意以下几点:1)由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。

Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village.3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时,谓语用单数。

Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain.5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.6)由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时,谓语的单复数与第一个名词一致。

The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present.7)What 从句的并列式作主语时,并列完整式常用复数,缩略式常用单数。

What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair.8) 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时,根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。

When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991)A is not decidedB are not decidedC has not decidedD have not decided3 主语+介词(短语):with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时,谓语以介词(短语)前的主语为准,不受介词后的名词影响。

The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV.The girls as well as the teacher are dancing.考例:1)E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海)A playingB playC playsD have played2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990)A is offeredB has offeredC are offeredD have offered4 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时,谓语用单数,none做主语时,谓语单复数均可。

There is nothing wrong with the machine.Either of the shirts fits me very well.None of the farmers has (have)been abroad.5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。

Many an apple is in the basket. More than one stamp has been collected by her.6 在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。

Three and four is (are) seven. Two times ten is (are) twenty.7 当kind of, pair of, type of等做主语时,谓语与of 前的kind, pair, type等保持一致。

如:This pair of trousers fits you. The kind of the apple tastes delicious.8 当a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等短语作主语时,谓语与of后的保持一致。

There are plenty of eggs in the basket. Lots of meat has been sold out.考例:As a result of destroying the forests, a large_______ of desert______ covered the land.(2001上海)A number, hasB quantity, hasC number, haveD quantity, have9 当分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语与后面的名词保持一致。

Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.70 percent of people have known about the truth.考例:_______ of the land in that district ______covered with trees and grass.(2000上海)A Two fifth, isB Two fifth, areC Two fifth, isD Two fifths, are10 在one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词作主语引导定语从句时,谓语根据先行词来判断,若是one of 结构,定语从句用复数,若是the(only) one of结构,定语从句用单数。

Zhou xia is one of the girls who like hiking. Tian lili is the only one of the girls who has passed the exam.考例:He is the only of the students who_______ a winner of scholarship for three years.(2002上海)A isB areC have beenD has been11 “a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,”the number of +复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。

The number of books is no more than 100, but a number of them is of little use.考例:the number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______absent for different reasons.(NMET 1996)A were , wasB was, wasC was , were,D were, were二、意义上一致1 当表示时间,距离,价格、度量等的名词作主语时谓语用单数。

Ten years is quite a long time.2 当“the+形容词(过去分词)”指一类人作主语时,谓语用复数。

指个人或抽象概念时,谓语用单数。

The rich live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life.The wounded is our captain.3 当maths(mathematics), politics, physics等学科名词作主语时,谓语用单数,但前有物主代词修饰指某人的某方面时,谓语用复数。

Maths is difficult to learn. His physics are poor.4 用作书名、剧名、报名、国名、地区名称的复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数。

The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book. The United States is a developed country.5 如果名词词组的中心词是all, most, half, rest, part等词语,表示的是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,反之用单数。

(单独all作主语,指人用复数,指物用单数)。

All of the rubbish was cleared away. All of the classmates have passed the examination.6 当集合名词family, class, army, group, team, enemy, government, public, couple等作主语时,如果主语看作一个整体,谓语用单数,如果看作其中的成员(个体时)谓语用复数。

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