非谓语动词3

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非谓语动词三种形式

非谓语动词三种形式

非谓语动词三种形式一、现在分词形式现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由动词的原形加上-ing构成。

它可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语等,表示与谓语动词同时或连续发生的动作或状态。

下面将分别从不同角度介绍现在分词的用法。

1. 作主语现在分词可以作为句子的主语,表示一个普遍、一般性的事实或状态。

例子:Running is good for your health.(跑步对健康有益)2. 作宾语现在分词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示被动的、连续进行的动作或状态。

例子:I enjoy reading books on weekends.(我喜欢在周末读书)3. 作定语现在分词可以作名词的前置定语,修饰名词。

例子:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(哭闹的婴儿把整个附近吵醒了)4. 作状语现在分词可以作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、结果等。

例子:Feeling tired, I decided to take a nap.(感到疲倦,我决定小睡一会儿)二、过去分词形式过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由动词的原形加上-ed或不规则变化构成。

它可以作为表语、定语、状语、宾语等,表示被动、完成或状态。

下面将分别从不同角度介绍过去分词的用法。

1. 作表语过去分词可以作为系动词的表语,表示主语的特征或状态。

例子:The door was closed.(门是关着的)2. 作定语过去分词可以作名词的前置定语,修饰名词。

例子:The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.(破碎的玻璃需要清理)3. 作状语过去分词可以作状语,表示原因、条件、时间等。

例子:Having finished my homework, I went to bed early.(完成作业后,我早早就睡了)4. 作宾语过去分词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示被动或完成的动作。

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法(一)非谓语动词一、定义非谓语动词(Non-Finite Verbs)是指动词形态上不能用作谓语或表语的各种动词,它不能表示完成形式、时态和语态,它包括动名词、不定式、分词和现在分词。

它们都可以做主语、宾语或补足语。

二、分类(1)动名词动名词(Gerund)是动词词尾加 -ing 构成的名词,它是动词的名词化形式,一般能起主语、宾语及补语的作用,作主语时通常用来表示某种动作被一般进行着。

(2)不定式不定式(Infinitive)是由 to 加上动词原形构成,能作主语、宾语及补足语,表示某种未完成的动作或态度。

(3)分词分词(Participle)是现在分词(Present Participle)和过去分词(Past Participle)的统称,它的形态类似形容词,但可作简单句中的状语,也可作定语、表语和宾语补足语,有时也能作主语。

现在分词(Present Participle)的形式结尾常常是-ing,例如 working,它在现在完成时态中往往作定语,表示时间先后次序。

三、用法动名词可以作主语、宾语和补足语,在简单句中可以作主语,如:Studying other culture is quite interesting. 学习其他文化很有趣。

也可以作宾语,如:I like studying other culture. 我喜欢学习其他文化。

还可以作补足语,如:He was seen studying in the library. 他被看到在图书馆里学习。

不定式可以作宾语、宾语补足语及表语,但不能作状语,它可以用来表示时间、条件、原因、让步等,如:He agreed to help me. 他同意帮助我。

We came here to visitthe museum. 我们来这里参观博物馆。

分词可以用作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语和宾语,用作定语时表示定语所修饰的名词发生的先后顺序,如:A broken cup was found on the ground. 地上发现了一个破杯子。

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名词和分词Ⅰ不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的性质一作主语1.To see is to believe.2. It’s difficult (for us) to learn English.3. It’s foolish of h er to believe him.= She is foolish to believe him.二作表语1. His aim is to win the first prize.2. All we can do is (to) wait.One’s dream / aim / ambition / wish / The first step / What I want to do is to…三作宾语1. He demanded to be told the truth.2. He pretended to be doing his homework / to have fallen asleep when Mother came in.(decide / fail / manage / refuse / pretend / choose / agree / hope/ plan / promise / make up one’s mind + to do)3.I don’t know what to do.(decide / find out / know / learn / consider etc + 疑问词+ to do)4. Anyone can become a better scholar if he wants to.5. ---Are you on holiday? ---No, but I’d like to be.四作宾补或主补1. I’ll have him say something at the meeting.have sb do = get sb to dofeel; hear / listen to; let / have / make; see / watch / look at / notice / observe sb do但被动语态要+ to, let 例外Listen to me read the text.He is often listened to to sing the song.He was let go by the police.2. He ordered his men to fire.wish / advise / persuade / allow / permit / want / tell / ask / expect / order / require / request sb to dosuggest / hope / agree / demand / arrange sb to do3. He is said to be doing the work of next year.It’s said that he is doing the work of next year.sb + seem / appear / happen / be said / be reported / be known /be found / be believed + to do / to be doing / to have ( been) doneIt + seem / appear / happen / be said … / be believe that….六作定语1. I have a lot of work to do / no pen to write with.2. the first to come / to be awarded the Nobel Prize3. the last person to do such a thing 最不愿意做…的人4. the house to be built next year比较: the house being built now / build last year七作状语(目的、原因、结果或条件)目的to / in order to / so as to结果enough to / too…to / so…as to / such…as to / only to1. The bus stopped to pick up passengers.2. He set out early in order to / so as to catch the first bus.= In order to / To catch the first bus he set out early.3. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.4. I hurried to school only to be told it was a holiday.only to do sth 表示出于预料之外的结果不定式的否定形式She kept silent about the accident so as not to lose his job.不定式的完成和被动式The book seems to have been translated into English.但是: The book is difficult to understand.I have a letter to write / a lot of work to do.He is to blame for the accident.Ⅱ动名词具有名词的性质一作主语1. Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe.2. It’s no use / no good / useless doing sth. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.3. Being forced to leave the classroom made him feel embarrassed.二作表语1. My job is teaching English.比较: One’s dream / aim / ambition / The first step is to do sth.动名词作表语, 可与主语交换位置, 句子成立; 现在分词则不能。

非谓语动词3

非谓语动词3

非谓语动词及相关真题训练1. 非谓语动词作主语*不定式和动名词可以在句中充当主语,但分词却不可以。

不定式一般表示具体或一次性动作,而动名词则表示一般或抽象的多次动作。

*不定式和动名词都可以用it来代替作形式主语。

动名词常用在"It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a goodpleasure等名词+doing"结构和"It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile等形容词+doing"结构中作主语。

例如:It is useless-speaking.光说没用。

*动名词也可在“There is(was) no+doing"结构中作主语,例如:There is no standing still in this life; one must either advance or fall behind.在这样的生活中没有原地不动的。

一个人要么前进,要么后退。

*不定式虽然不能有自己的主语,但在意思上仍有履行该动作的人或物,称为逻辑主语,如:She taught me to read.中的me.。

当不定式和它的逻辑主语有被动关系时,不定式就需用被动形式,例如:She was sent there to be trained as an astronaut.她被派到那里接受宇航员的训练。

不定式前面有时有一个由介词for引导的短语,来表示它的逻辑主语,例如:The simplest thing is for him to resign.最简单的办法就是他辞职。

It is not uncommon for there_problems of communication between the old and the young.「真题2007]A. beingB. would beC. be D: to be【译文】老年人和年轻人普遍存在沟通上的问题。

动词的非谓语形式有三种不定式动名和分词

动词的非谓语形式有三种不定式动名和分词

注①
admit,appreciate,avoid,consider, delay, dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,face,feel like,finish,forgive,give up, imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,put off,resist, risk,suggest,can’t help,can’t stand(无法忍受)等动词后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式.
2
动名词的复合结构同由
物主代词
人称代词宾格 +动名词 构成
名词所有格
普通格加
2
2.动名词的复合结构
句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词.
例如: His coming made me very happy. Mary’s crying annoyed him. She didn't mind his crying. Is there any hope for Xiao Wang’s winning?
但在 It is no use/ good,not any use/ good,useless /there is no …等后必须用动名词。 例如:
01
02
2)作表语.
例如: Her job is teaching.
He is fond of playing football.
01
I like swimming.
I must remember to do it. (我必须记着做这事.) I tried not to go there. (我没法不去那里. He stopped to talk. (他停下来讲话.) I mean to come early today. (我打算今早些来.)

2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲:非谓语动词(3) 课件

2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲:非谓语动词(3) 课件

考法训练
单句语法填空
4.Today my daughter and I went to a parking lot __to__se_ll_ (sell) some of our eggs.
5 . No agreement __re_a_ch_e_d (reach) at the meeting, the representatives wanted another round of talk.
用法 多表示在谓语动词之后发生的动
作,表示将来的动作
表示主动、进行
表示被动、完成
例题讲解
考法二 考查非谓语动词作定语的用法
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·63] Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______ (ache) legs.
句意为:那里的活动有观赏鲸鱼、远足等,且(提供 的)住宿力求对自然环境产生较轻的影响。aim to do sth.意为“力求做某事”,为固定搭配。故填to have。
考法三 考查非谓语动词作宾语、补语、主语和表语的用法
例题讲解
2 [全国甲2021·63] It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
句意为:走完或者骑行完整整14千米是有可 能的。It is possible to do sth.是固定句型,意 为“做某事是有可能的”。故填to walk。

英语非谓语

英语非谓语

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do2、动词的ing : doing3、动词的过去分词:done。

其中不定式表示目的和将来;动词的ing表示主动和进行;过去分词表示被动和完成。

非谓语动词三种形式在句中充当不同的成分,表达不同的意义,具体如下表:非谓语动词的时态和语态:一般式:不定式:主动to do ,被动to be done ; ing 形式:主动doing ,被动being done ;过去分词:被动done完成式:不定式:主动to have done ,被动to have been done;ing 形式:主动having done,被动having been done进行式:不定式to be doing1、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,(to)+ do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式:not + (to) do 如:(1)作主语:动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。

常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。

2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。

(2)作表语:动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别。

如:Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next?(4)作宾语补足语:在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:With a lot of work to do,he didn't go to the cinema.他有很多工作要做,所以没去电影院。

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式

⾮谓语动词有3种形式⾮谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(⼀)不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的性质。

动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有⼈称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。

不定式可做主语、宾语、状语、标语和定语,但不能单独做谓语。

不定式的逻辑主语有时⽤“for/of +名词或代词宾格”构成。

⼀作主语。

不定式做主语时,往往放在谓语之后,⽤it做形式主语。

1. To see is to believe.2. It?s difficult (for us) to learn English.3. It?s foolish of her to believe him.= She is foolish to believe him.⼆作表语1. His aim is to win the first prize.2. All we can do is (to) wait.One?s dream / aim / ambition / wish / The first step / What I want to do is to…三作宾语1. He demanded to be told the truth.2. He pretended to be doing his homework / to have fallen asleep when Mother came in.(decide / fail / manage / refuse / pretend / choose / agree / hope/ plan / promise / make up one?s mind + to do)3. I don?t know what to do.(decide / find out / know / learn / consider etc + 疑问词+ to do)4. Anyone can become a better scholar if he wants to.5. ---Are you on holiday? ---No, but I?d like to be.四作宾补或主补1. I?ll have him say something at the meeting.have sb do = get sb to dofeel; hear / listen to; let / have / make; see / watch / look at / notice / observe sb do但被动语态要+ to, let 例外Listen to me read the text.He is often listened to sing the song.He was let go by the police.to dosuggest / hope / agree / demand / arrange sb to do3. He is said to be doing the work of next year.It?s said that he is doing the work of next year.sb + seem / appear / happen / be said / be reported / be known /be found / be believed + to do / to be doing / to have ( been) doneIt + seem / appear / happen / be said … / be believe that….六作定语1. I have a lot of work to do / no pen to write with.2. the first to come / to be awarded the Nobel Prize3. the last person to do such a thing 最不愿意做…的⼈4. the house to be built next year⽐较: the house being built now / build last year注意(1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、⼯具等,不定式后应有相应的介词。

非谓语动词(3)—现在分词

非谓语动词(3)—现在分词

非谓语动词(3)—现在分词现在分词既有动词的特征,又有形容词和副词的句法功能。

在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和补语一、作定语[规则1]现在分词短语作定语,必须置于被修饰词的后面,相当于一个定语从句。

1. The young man who is sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.=The young man __________ between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.2. Those who wish to join the club should sign here.=Those _____ to join this club should sign here.3. The factory that makes these pens is a small one.= The factory _____ these pens is a small one.4. Did you see the girl who was dancing with your brother?=Did you see the girl __________ with your brother?[难点1]如果现在分词与被修饰词之间有被动关系,且强调动作正在进行,需用现在分词的被动式。

5. The problem which we are discussing now is very important.=The problem ____________________ now is very important.6. The building which is being built now will be a hospital.=The building ____________________ now will be a hospital.[规则2]现在分词的完成式一般不直接放在被修饰词后面作定语,若要作定语,必须用逗号与被修饰词隔开,或用定语从句。

非谓语三种形式的区别和辨析

非谓语三种形式的区别和辨析

非谓语动词三‎种形式用法的‎区别:1. 做主语:v-ing & to do 都可以做主语‎,大多数情况两‎者没有区别。

注意:但是v-ed不可以做‎主语。

Explor‎ing the Amazon‎ River deserv‎e s courag‎e. ( doing 表抽象的概念‎)To explor‎e the Amazon‎ River deserv‎e s courag‎e. ( to do 表具体的/将来的动作)其余注意事项‎:1)Seeing‎ is believ‎ing.To see is to believ‎e. (即:主语与表语的‎形式要一致)但是不能说:Seeing‎ is to believ‎e; 或者To see is believ‎ing.2)Lincol‎n said it was not right for the south to break away from the union.Linda said it was nice of you to lend her money.The childr‎e n’s loving‎ nature‎ can surely‎ inspir‎e their love for their family‎member‎s.3) It is no good / no use / useles‎s + doing sth 句型It’s no use crying‎ over spilt milk.4) There is no + doing. 句型There is no knowin‎g what will happen‎ next. 谁也不知道下‎一步会发生什‎么。

There is no tellin‎g w hat will happen‎.谁也无法判断‎、辨别将要发生‎什么。

2. 做表语:My favori‎t e hobby is to collec‎t / collec‎t ing old coins. (一般概念to‎ do/doing 可以互换)Our aim is to help the old lead a happy life. (表具体的/将来的动作用‎t o do)We were all greatl‎y amazed‎ at the childr‎e n’s wonder‎f ul perfor‎m ance.The childr‎e n’s wonder‎f ul perfor‎m a nce was amazin‎g.3. 作宾语:用哪种形式做‎宾语往往跟动‎词的搭配用法‎有关like / love to do & like / love doing;begin / start to do & begin / start doing;prefer‎ t o do & prefer‎ d oing;contin‎u e to do & contin‎u e doing;try to do VS try doing;mean to do VS mean doing;can’t help doing VS can’t help (to) dogo on to do VS go on doing;stop to do VS stop doing;forget‎ to do VS forget‎ doing / forget‎ having‎ doneregret‎ t o do VS regret‎ d oing / regret‎ having‎ done;rememb‎e r to do VS rememb‎e r doing / rememb‎e r having‎ done;sth need doing & sth need to be done (需要)sth requir‎e doing & sth requir‎e to be done (需要)sth want doing & sth want to be done (需要)sth deserv‎e doing & sth deserv‎e to be done (值得)需要注意的重‎要形式:特殊疑问词(how / what / when/ where…) + to do = 宾语从句Hearin‎g the sad news, I didn’t know what to do.= Hearin‎g the sad news, I didn’t know what I could do.I couldn‎’t decide‎w hethe‎r to work anothe‎r year or change‎my job.= I couldn‎’t decide‎w hethe‎r I could work anothe‎r year or change‎ my job.2)it 做形式宾语,to do / doing做‎真正的宾语I though‎ it an honor to have been invite‎d to dinner‎. ( to be invite‎d to dinner‎的完成式) I found it no use attemp‎t ing to lose weight‎ by going on diet.3)I’m lookin‎g forwar‎d to seeing‎ you again.I have no choice‎ but to stay home for anothe‎r hour.I have nothin‎g to do but stay home for anothe‎r hour.I can do nothin‎g but stay home for anothe‎r hour.4. 作宾语补足语‎:(考试重点)I often notice‎a little‎boy pass this corrid‎o r and enter the garden‎.I found a strang‎e r walkin‎g nearby‎ our shop.( doing 强调动作正在‎进行;(看到、注意到)动作的一部分‎)( to do强调动作‎已经完成;(看到、注意到)动作的全过程‎请注意下列句‎子的区别:We heard her singin‎g next door. (听到她唱歌动‎作的一部分;听到她正在唱‎歌) (主动正在进行‎)We heard her sing next door. (听到她唱歌动‎作的全部分;听到她唱过歌‎) (主动完成)We heard the song sung by her. (听到这首歌被‎她唱过) (被动完成)We heard the song being sung by her next door. (听到她这首歌‎正在被她唱)(被动正在进行‎)Don’t have the water runnin‎g all the day. (让…一直做) (主动,一直进行)The teache‎r had him read the text three times. (让...做…)(主动,做具体一件事‎情)I had my hair colore‎d last Friday‎.(让…由别人做;遭遇到不好的‎事情)(被动,有别人完成)注意跟I have a lot of homewo‎rk to do today. (有) 的区别。

英语非谓语动词的三种形式

英语非谓语动词的三种形式

英语非限是动词有三种形式:动词不定式(The Infinitive)、分词(The participle)和动名词(The Gerun d)。

这三种形式都可以用作名词(或短语)的后置修饰语。

作后置修饰语的可以是单一非限定动词,也可以是“非限定动词+状语或宾语”构成的非限定动词短语。

本文拟结合笔者多年教学实践,并参考R.Quirk等人著的";A comprehensiveGrammar of the English Language";(Published in U.S.A by LongmanGroup Limited.1985 )的有关章节(以下简称(CGOEL),就动词不定式作后置修饰语的若干问题进行探讨。

一、动词不定式作限制性后置修饰语动词不定式作限制性后置修饰语可以有各种不同的时态:to meet/to have met The girl to be met/to have been met is my sister.to be meeting1.不定式作后置修饰语有时只能用主动语态,有时只能用被动语态。

有时能用主动语态也能用被动语态,意思相同,有时又不同。

什么时候可以用主动语态,什么时候可以用被动语态,要根据不同的语境来决定。

作后置修饰语的不定式与被修饰的名词存在动宾关系时(即不定式前的被修饰名词是不定式动作的对象),用主动语态或被动语态在语义上没有什么区别,如:This is a difficult question to answer/to be answered.He is the man to select/to be selected.如果较多地考虑做动作的人而较少地考虑动作的本身,用主动语态的不定式显得比较自然,如:This is the best loading port to choose. for us/for you to choose. that we/you should choose.但在某些情况下,只有用被动语态的不定式才显得自然,如:He is the only man/to be killed to kill in the accident.The book to be found/to find in the room is George’s.有时不定式虽然与被修饰的名词存在动宾关系,但又与句子主语或间接宾语存在主谓关系,这时用主动语态比较妥当,用被动语态的不定式就显得不自然,如:to do/to be done. I have got a lot of homeworkthat I can/must do.to read/to be read. I’ve given yor the newspaperthat yor can read.试比较:Have you anything to take/to be taken?anything that you take./anything that willbe taken by me or someone else.如果作表语的不定式与主语存在动宾关系,这时只能用被动语态不定式。

高中英语非谓语动词to do(三)

高中英语非谓语动词to do(三)

The room was quite dark inside, so he made some candles to give light.(candles做了to give light的动作,是不定式的逻辑主语)注意:1)如果不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way,不定式后面习惯上要省略介词。

He had no money and no place to live.2)不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可用主动语态,又可用被动语态,但含义不同。

如果修饰名词的不定式的动作是主语做的, 不定式用主动语态。

试比较:•Have you anything to send?•Have you anything to be sent?3)不定式作定语多表示将来,而动词-ing形式表示正在进行或用途,过去分词则表示已经完成和被动。

a problem to be discussed tomorrow 明天要讨论的问题a problem being discussed now 现在正讨论的问题a problem discussed for thousands of years 已讨论多年的问题6.作状语A. 作修饰动词的目的状语They ran over to welcome the students.注意:不定式表示目的时前面可以加in order 或so as已示强调。

B. 作修饰动词的结果状语1)不定式作结果状语常表示一种事先没有预料到的情况或结果,放在被修饰动词的后面。

What have I said to make you so angry?2)有时为了进一步加强意料不到的语气,在表示结果的不定式前还可加only。

I went to see him only to find him out.7.动词不定式常用句型:(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事. 例句:It took me years of hard work to speak good English.(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth。

非谓语动词一览表

非谓语动词一览表

非谓语动词一览表一、非谓语动词的三种基本形式的含义①to do:表示要做或去做,表个别行为,表目的;②doing:做了,经常做,用来做,或一般行为(动名词)。

表主动含义“正在做”,形容词化翻译成“令人…的”(现在分词);③done:表示被动含义“被做”或“已做”“已被做”,形容词化后翻译成“(某人)感到…的”或“被…的”或“已…的”(表语、定语、状语)。

(先记住三种非谓语动词的基本含义,在以下的讲解中就能慢慢领会贯通。

)动名词与现在分词的区别主要是:1. 动名词充当主语,宾语,和同位语。

现在分词充当状语和补语。

两者都可以做定语,但是意义不同。

作定语时,动名词说明被修饰的名词的用途;现在分词说明名词的动作,即它和名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。

a sleeping car=a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢,即一个用于睡觉的车(sleeping为动名词表用途)a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子,即一个正在睡觉的孩子(sleeping为现在分词表正在进行的动作)注意:做定语时,动名词和现在分词的读音不同。

(a ‘sleeping car),(a sleeping ‘child)。

2.动名词具有名词的性质。

现在分词则没有。

①动名词和名词一样有a, the, my, this, Tom’s, the, some, much, a lot of等词语修饰:I usually do some cleaning on Sunday. 我通常在周日打扫卫生。

Do you do much fishing? 你常常钓鱼吗?He showed me a picture of his own painting. 他拿出来他自己绘画的一张照片给我看。

A knocking at the door was heard. 一阵敲门声被听到了。

②动名词和名词一样有所有格、复数形式:He enjoys reading for reading’s sake, not for scholarship.他喜欢阅读是因为阅读的好处,而不是因为奖学金。

非谓语的三种形式

非谓语的三种形式

非谓语的三种形式非谓语动词是指除了主谓结构中的谓词动词以外的其他动词形式。

它通常不用做句子的谓语,而是用来与主谓部分构成复合谓语,在句子中作修饰、补充、结果、原因、条件等表达方式。

一般来说,非谓语动词有以下三种形式:1. 常规形式:动词原形动词原形即为非谓语动词的一种常规形式,例如:- I love to dance in my free time.(我喜欢在空闲时间跳舞)- She decided to quit her job and travel around the world. (她决定辞职并环游世界)- Walking in the park is a good way to relax after work. (在公园里散步是工作后放松的好方法)2. 现在分词形式:动词加-ing现在分词形式是由动词加上-ing结尾所构成,表示正在进行或正在发生的动作。

例如:- The children were playing in the park.(孩子们在公园里玩耍)- She was talking to her friend on the phone.(她在电话中和她的朋友聊天)- Walking along the beach, we saw a beautiful sunset.(沿着海滩散步,我们看到了美丽的日落)3. 过去分词形式:动词加-ed或第三人称单数形式过去分词形式是由动词加上-ed或第三人称单数形式所构成,表示已经完成的动作。

例如:- The book written by my favorite author is very interesting.(我最喜爱的作家写的书很有趣)- She had worked for the company for more than 10 years before she retired.(她退休前在这家公司工作了十年以上)- The broken vase was thrown away.(破碎的花瓶被扔掉了)总之,非谓语动词具有多种形式和用法,能够丰富句子的表达方式,提高写作水平。

高考英语语法复习---非谓语动词3

高考英语语法复习---非谓语动词3

高考英语语法复习---非谓语动词基本知识:定义:具有动词的特点,但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用,充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用,即:除谓语以外一切成分。

形式:动名词→相当于名词不定式→相当于名词、形容词、副词分词→相当于形容词、副词应该注意的地方:1.非谓语动词的否定:not 放在非谓语动词前2.非谓语动词的时态:一般时→表示一般性的动作进行时→表示正在发生的动作完成时→表示的动作发生在谓语动词前动名词的时态:doing / having done不定式的时态:to do / to be doing / to have done现在分词的时态:doing / having done3.非谓语动词的语态:主动被动动名词:being done / having been done不定式:to be done / to have been done现在分词:being done / having been done★过去分词只有一种形式. 本身表示完成和被动。

(1)非谓语动词作主语:Eg: Playing fire is very dangerous. →It is very dangerous to play fire.To give you a hand is my pleasure. →It is my pleasure to give you a hand. it 可以作形式主语(2)非谓语动词作表语:Eg: My job is teaching English.He is teaching English.My purpose is to give you a big surprise.The house is burnt down.Teaching English is my job.(3)非谓语动词作宾语:Eg: I want to become a doctor.He enjoyed living in the countryside.★只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语:mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit, advise, appreciate, enjoy, avoid, finish, practise, suggest, delay, imagine, quit, resist,risk, stand, bear …be used to, look forward to, stick to, lead to,object to, pay attention to, see to, set about,get down to, feel like, be devoted to…★只能跟不定式作宾语的动词:refuse, demand, hope, agree(4)非谓语动词作定语:Eg:the waiting room/ the waiting carthe students attending the meetingthe people invited to the partythe last one to arrivethe letter to be postedthe posted letter动名词表示所修饰名词的功能和用途现在分词和所修饰名词之间是主动关系过去分词和所修饰名词之间是被动关系,表动作完成不定式表示一个尚未发生的动作(5)非谓语动词作补语:Eg: I want you to help me.He rushed away, leaving me standing here shocked.I tried to make myself understood.With so much work to do, I dear not waste any minute.不定式表示尚未发生的动作现在分词表示和宾语之间是主动关系过去分词表示和宾语之间是被动关系(6)非谓语动词作状语:Eg: I got up early to catch the bus.Living in the village, he enjoyed the fresh air.Praised by the teacher, he was proud of his progress made in study. 不定式表示目的或者是出乎意料的结果现在分词表示和句子的主语之间是主动关系过去分词表示和句子的主语之间是被动关系分词作状语,可以表示原因,伴随,方式等等(7)动名词的复合结构:Eg: Do you mind my/me opening the door?Can you imagine his/him becoming a star?The mistake led to our/us ending up in failure.★动名词的复合结构,表示的是动名词动作的发出者即:它的逻辑主语。

三种非谓语的区别

三种非谓语的区别

三种非谓语的区别非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

它们与谓语动词不同,具有一些独特的特点和用法。

下面将分三个部分详细介绍非谓语动词的区别。

一、动词不定式1. 形式区别:动词不定式是动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成,例如:to play, to eat。

2. 用法区别:(1)作主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,例如:To learn a foreign language is important.(2)作宾语:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,例如:I want to go shopping.(3)作目的状语:表示动作的目的或原因,例如:I went to the shop to buy some food.(4)作表语:动词不定式可以作为系动词的表语,例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(5)作定语:修饰名词,例如:a book to read.(6)作补足语:作为某些动词的补充说明,例如:She made me laugh.二、动名词1. 形式区别:动名词是动词的一种形式,以-ing结尾,例如:playing, eating。

2. 用法区别:(1)作主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语,例如:Swimming is good for health.(2)作宾语:动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语,例如:I enjoy swimming.(3)作目的状语:表示动作的目的或原因,例如:I went swimming to relax.(4)作定语:修饰名词,例如:a running dog.(5)作表语:动名词可以作为系动词的表语,例如:His hobby is playing basketball.(6)作宾语补足语:作为某些动词的补充说明,例如:She saw him dancing.三、分词1. 形式区别:分词是动词的一种形式,分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式,例如:playing, eaten。

线练学校高三英语非谓语动词(三)

线练学校高三英语非谓语动词(三)

始驾州参艰市线练学校高三英语非谓语动词(三)冀教【本讲信息】一. 教学内容:非谓语动词(三)二. 教学过程:6、动名词与不式作主语、宾语的用法比较1)作主语:(1)多数情况两者可以互换。

例如:Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.Talking is easy and doing is difficult.=To talk is easy and to do is difficult.(2)如果表示一种具体、短期的行为,或表示将来的行为,用不式。

例如:It took him two hours to finish the work.To be a scientist is his desire(愿望).(3)如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为,一般用动名词。

例如:Getting up early is a good habit.2)作宾语:(1)有些动词跟不式、动名词作宾语皆可,意义也差不多,主要有:begin, start,continue, love, prefer。

(2)有些动词后只跟不式作宾语,主要有:wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse, decide.(3)有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语,已学过的这类词有:finish, imagine, help, admit, avoid, mind, miss, insist on, enjoy, escape, consider, can practise, put off(延迟)=delay, suggest, feel like, look forward to, devote…to(doing),be worth.(4)有些动词后跟不式、动名词意义有明显差别,主要有:forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on①forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事=forget having done sth.=forget to have done sth.②remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事③regret to do sth. 遗憾(要)做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事④stop to do sth. 停下(原事)去做某事(不式作目的状语)stop doing sth. 停止做某事⑤mean to do sth. 决意/打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味/表明做某事⑥try to do sth. 努力/设法去做某事try doing sth. 试图/尝试用某一方法做某事⑦want/need/require to do sth. 要/想做某事want/need/require doing. 需要/想要被……⑧go on to do sth. 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做相同的事7. 使用现在分词的几个注意点:(1)作状语用的现在分词,其逻辑主语必须同主语为同一人或同一事,例如:①(正)Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city.(Standing=When we stood)(误)Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen.②(正)Having found the cause, they continued the experiment.(Having found=After/When they had found)(误)Having found the cause, the experiment continued.(2)短暂动词(即瞬间动词)的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或语。

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直接在此页测试,看看你能答对多少题。

每题下方都有答案,但一定要做了以后再对答案。

.1. He walked up and down, ________(lose) in thought.2. I sat before the desk until after mid-night, ________(absorb) in writing.3. ________(surround) by a host of fans, the film star left the airport excitedly.4. Greatly ________(disappoint), some staff decided to leave the place.5. ________(take) by surprise, the enemy surrendered.6. ________(throw) to the floor, the boy regained his footing a few minutes later7. ________(give) more time, the slow learners would have done better.8. When ________(ask) about his previous job, Bill said he had been a motormechanic.9. Susan seldom speaks in class until ________(speak) to.10. Mosquitoes should be completely exterminated(除掉) where ________(find).11. Retirees(退休人员) in good health should be invited to return to work wherever ________(need).12. If ________(keep) for too long, some medicines will lose their effectiveness.13. We have made a point of not ________(attack) unless ________(attack).14. Though ________(warn) of the danger, they still went mountaineering.15. Even though ________(defeat) for a second time, our team did not give up hope for the ultimate victory.16. With the water pipe ________(choke), there wasn't any more water for use17. Without anything ________(leave) in the kitchen, the Wangs decided to eat out.18. It is no good ________(expect) me ________(overlook) careless mistakes.19. What time would it be convenient for me ________(call) you again?20. It is worthy ________(read) the question through at least twice.21. I promise ________(return) your bike in good condition.22. He explained what ________(do) if the car broke down.23. You must stop ________(wish) and start ________(think) practically.24. Your watch is always slow; it needs ________(repair).25. On ________(step) out of the station my brother found himself face to face with an old friend of his.26. He had no choice but ________(give) up the plan.27. Nothing can make him ________(change) his mind.28. The police had everybody ________(write) down his name and address.29. The police office had every detail ________(write) down.30. ________(never see) him before, I didn’t know what he looked like.31. I di dn’t hear a single word ________(speak) in that classroom that day and I could feel my heart ________(pound).32. The earthquake sent everything ________(crash) to the ground.33. ________(walk) slowly down the road, he saw a woman ________(accompany) by two children.34. An icy wind blew from the great plain, ________(cut) to the bone.35. I don’t argue with you. You’ll never get me ________(agree).36. I know him ________(be) innocent, but I can do nothing ________(help) him.37. I showed him where ________(find) the best specimens.38. They failed in their attempt ________(climb) up the mountains.39. She was the first woman ________(fly) solo across the Atlantic Ocean.40. ________(enter) the room, he flung open all the windows, ________(let) the warm summer air ________(blow) in from the scented garden.41. I can't give my mind to ________(read) with the noise ________(go) on.42. The plane was ________(take) off, but something went wrong with it.43. I meant ________(tell) you about it, but I forgot ________(do) so.44. ________(know) him, I was distressed ________(hear) of his death.45. His guilt ________(prove), he knew he had nothing ________(hope) for.46. ________(keep) what belongs to another is equal to ________(steal).47. What upset the child was his ________(not allow) ________(visit) his mother in the hospital.48. My taxes ________(pay), the amount ________(leave) in the bank is hardly worth ________(mention)49. The gang of thieves were caught ________(steal) from the shop.50. I went to the airport, ________(attempt) to see her off, only ________(tell) that her flight had already taken off.二. 1.lost 2.absorbed 3.surrounded 4. disappointed 5. Taken /Having been taken 6. Thrown 7. Given 8. asked 9.spoken 10. found 11. needed 12. kept 13. attacking ;attacked 14. warned 15. defeated 16. chocked 17. left 18. expecting ; to overlook 19. to call 20. to read 21. to return 22. to do 23. wishing; to think 24. repairing 25. stepping 26. to give 27. change 28. write 29. written 30. Never having seen 31. spoken ;prounding 32.crashing 33. walking ;accompanied 34. cutting 35. to climb 39. to fly 40. Entering ; letting; blow 41. reading ; going 42. to have taken 43. to have told ;to do 44. Having know; to hear 45. proved ; to hope 46. keeping ;stealing 47. not being allowed ;to visit 48. paid ; left; mentioning 49. stealing 50.attempting; to be told。

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