英语语法术语的英文名称
(完整版)英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic动名词gerund连字号hyphen祈使语气imperative mood祈使句imperative sentences独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood物质名词material nouns句子的成分members of the sentence 情态动词modal verbs语气mood词法morphology否定疑问句negative interrogative sentence动词的非限定形式non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses 括号brackets名词的分类classification of nouns从句（分句）clauses同源宾语cognate object集体名词collective nouns冒号colon逗号comma普通格common case普通名词common nouns比较级comparative degree复合宾语complex Object复合句complex sentences并列复合句compound complex sentences表性状的复合谓语compound nominal predicate复合谓语compound predicate并列句compound sentences表行为的复合谓语compound verbal predicate合成词compound words合成compounding ( composition )错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time 连词conjunction连接副词conjunctive adverbs连接代词conjunctive pronouns转化conversion并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词countable nouns破折号dash陈述句declarative sentences定冠词definite article比较的级别degrees of comparison指示代词demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法）derivation ( affixation )描绘性定语descriptive attributes呼语direct address直接宾语direct object直接引语direct speech反意问句disjunctive questions省略ellipsis省略句elliptical sentences感叹号exclamation mark感叹句exclamatory sentences动词的限定形式finite forms of the verb虚词form words分数词fractional numerals完全倒装full inversion将来进行时future continuous一般将来时future indefinite将来完成时future perfect将来完成进行时future perfect continuous独立结构absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式absolute forms of possessive pronouns 抽象名词abstract nouns主动语态active voice方式状语从句adverbial clauses of manner地点状语从句adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句adverbial clauses of time程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency方式副词adverbs of manner地点副词adverbs of place时间副词adverbs of time选择问句alternative questions句子分析analysis of sentences省略号apostrophe同谓语appositive同位语从句appositive clauses助动词auxiliary verbs插入语parenthesis部分倒装partial inversion分词短语participial phrases分词participle小品词particle词类parts of speech过去式past forms过去分词past participle句号period ( full stop )人称person人称代词personal pronouns成语动词phrasal verbs谓语predicate表语predicative表语从句predicative clauses前缀prefix(es)介词短语prepositional phrases现在式present forms现在分词present participle动词的主要形式principal forms of verbs专有名词proper nouns标点符号punctuation问号question mark引号quotation mark相互代词reciprocal pronouns不定代词indefinite Pronouns关系副词relative adverbs关系代词relative pronouns限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 自身代词self pronouns分号semicolon真实条件句sentences of real condition虚拟条件句sentences of unreal condition时态的呼应sequence of tenses特殊问句special questions虚拟语气subjunctive mood后缀suffix(es)最高级superlative degree句法syntax句型的转换transformation of sentences双部句two-member sentences不可数名词uncountable nouns动词短语verbal phrases名词化的动词verbal noun构词法word building。
(完整版)英语语法术语
英语语法术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concret noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominalpossessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause 非真实条件状语从句adverbial宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause ofplace方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession原因状语从句adverbial clause ofcause结果状语从句adverbial clause ofresult目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real conditionclause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence 疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement 宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate 从属subordination 修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice 被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech 自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal 口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English 美国英语American English 用法usageTerms of English Language Teaching Methodologyagreement感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironicachievement test acquisition acquisition active mastery active vocabulary affective filtering aim,objective analysis of errors analytic approach analytical reading 英语教学法术语成绩测试习得，语言习得语言习得顺序积极掌握积极词汇，主动词汇情感筛选目的，目标错误分析分析教学法，分析法分析性阅读application to practice 运用于实践approach 教学路子aptitude test 能力倾向测验Army method 陆军法associative learning 联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback 听觉反馈auditory memory 听觉记忆auditory perception 听觉audio-lingual method 听说法audio-visual method 视听法aural-oral approach法听说教学法，听说aural-oral method 听说法Bbasic knowledge基本知识basic principle 基本原则basic theory 基本理论basic training 基本训练basic vocabulary 基本词汇behaviourism 行为主义bilingual 双语的bilingual education 双语教育chain drill 链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition 齐声照读，齐声仿读class management 课常管理classroom interaction 课常应对cloze 完形填空coach 辅导cognitive approach 认知法common core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 派语言教学法，交际教学法交际community language learning学习法集体语言comparative method 比较法communicative approach 交际法comprehensible input 不难理解的输入comprehensive method 综合法computer-managed instruction管理教学计算机concord and coordination 默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster 辅音连缀applied linguistics 应用语言学blank filling 填空context 上下文controlled composition 控制性作文direct learning 直接学习cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development课程设计课程编制，cultrual objective,aim 教养目的cclical approach 循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning演绎性学习deductive method 演绎法delayed auditory feedback馈延缓听觉反demonstration 演示educational objective, aim 教育目的EFL 英语作为外语EGP通用英语ELT 英语教学English as a Foreign Language 为外语英语作English as an InternationalLanguage 英语作为国际语言English environment 英语环境English for Academic Purposes语学术英English for general prupose 普通英语English for General Purposes 语通用英demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram 图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英语教学WSD( English as a Second Dialect ) 英语作为第二方言WSL( English as a Second Language) 英语作为第二语言course density 课堂密度course design 课程设计cramming method 灌输式direct method 直接教学法direct comprehension 直接理解ESL Programme( English as a Second Language Programme)英语(第二语言)教程ESP( English for Special Purposes ) 专用英语EST( English for Science andTechnology ) 科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity 课外活动extra-curriculum club,group 课外小组F al approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲word 功能词Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式（学习），整体式（学习）gesture 手势getting students ready for class 织教学组global learning 式学习整体式学习，囫囵吞枣global question 综合性问题gradation 级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分facial expression feedbace 反馈film projector filmstrip finalstage first language formative evaluation free practice面部表情电影放映机高级阶段第一语言，母语自由作文自由练习电影胶片grammar lessongrammar methodgrammar translation method法grammatical analysisgroup readinggroup trainingguided composition语法课语法法语法翻译语法分析集体朗读集体练习引导性作文frequency of word 词的频率H integrated approach法综合教学法，综合heuristic method of teaching 教学法启发式intelligent memory 理解性记忆heurstics 启发法；探索法language training强化教学humanistic approach 人本主义教学法intensive training 精读intermediate stage 中级阶段Iinterpretation头口翻译idealism 唯心主义International Phonetic Alphabet 国际imitatiom 模仿音标immersion programme 沉浸式教学Jimparting knowledge 传授知识juncture连读，音渡incomplete plosive 不完全爆破junior high school初级中学independent composition 独立作文junior school初级学校individualized instruction 个别教学junior sceondary school初级中等学校individual training 个别练习junior-senior high school初高中inductive learning 归纳性学习junior technical college(orinductive method 归纳法school) 初级职业学院（或学校）inflection,inflexion 词形变化junior year 大学三年级information,processing 信息处理Kinitial beginning stage 初级阶段key words基本词，关键字inner speech 内语言语kinesics 身势语，身势学in-service training 在职培训kinesthetic memory 动觉记忆instructional objective 语言教学目标knowledge知识integrative teaching 综合教学knowledge structure 知识结构Llanguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语言知识language learning capability 语言学习能力language laboratory;lab 语言实验室language leaning capacity 语言学习能力language pedagogy 语言教育language performance 语言行为language program design 语言课程设计language test 语言测试learning by deduction 演绎性学习learning by induction 归纳性学习learning process 学习过程learning style 学习方式lesson conducting 教课lesson plan 课时计划，教案lesson preparation 备课lesson type 课型linguistics 语言学linguistic method 口语领先教学法living language 活的语言long-term memory 长期记忆look-and-say method 看图说话法meaningful drill 有意义的操练neabubgful exercise 有意义的练习meaningful learning 理解性学习means of teaching 教学手段mechanical drill 机械操练mechanical exercise 机械练习mechanical memory 机械记忆mechanical translation 机器翻译medium of instruction 学语言教学媒介语，教memory 记忆，记忆力memory span 记忆幅度memorizing 用记记住method 方法methodology of teaching 教学法methodology of teaching English 教学法英语microteaching 微型教学mim-mem method 模仿—记忆法linguistic competence 语言能力minimal pair 习）最小对立体（一种辨音练optimum age hypothesis说学习最佳年龄model 模型operating principle 操作原则modeling 示范教学oral approach 口语教学法，口语法modern equipment 现代化设备oral exercise 口语练习modern language 现代语言oral method 口授法monitor hypothesis 语言监控说oral reading 朗读mother tongue 母语order of acquisition 语言习得顺序motivation 引起动机organization of teaching materials 教材组织Norgans of speech 发音器官native language 本族语outside reading课外阅读natural appoach 自然教学法，自然法overlearing过量学习natural method 自然法Pneeds analysis 需要分析paired-associate learning 配对联想学new lesson 新课习法nine-pile grading 九堆法pair work 双人作业，双人练习notional approach 意念法passive vocabulary消极词汇notional-al syllabus 意念- 功能派教学pattern drill 句型操练大纲pattern practice 句型练习notional syllabus 意念大纲、意念派教学大纲pdeagogical grammar 教学语法Opedagogy 教育法peer teaching 同学互教observation lesson观摩教学penmanship handwriting 书法objective 教学目标知觉perceptionperformance objective 语言实践目标proficiency 熟练personality 个性program desing 课程设计philosophy 哲学psycho-linguistics 心理语言学phoneme 音素psychological method 心理法phonetics 语音法Qphonetic method 按字母音值拼读法qualified teacher 合格教师phonology 音位学question band 试题库picture 图画questionnaire 调查问卷phasement test 分班测验questions 提问plateau of learning 学习高原Rpractical objective 实用目的practice effect练习效应rapid reading 快速阅读，快读practice of teaching教学实践rate of reading 阅读速度presentation of new materials 提出新readability 易读性材料read by turns轮读pre-teaching 预教reading 阅读primary of speech 口语领先reading lesson 阅读课principle of communication 则交际性原reading method 阅读法principle ofteaching 教学原则reading speed 阅读速度problem solving 习题解答reading vocabulary汇量阅读词汇，阅读词production stage 活用阶段，产出阶段receptive language knowledge 接受性productive exercise 活用练习语言知识receptive vocabulary 领会词汇productive mastery 活用掌握productive vocabulary 活用词汇reformed method 改良法regression 回看，重读reinforcement 巩固reinforcement lesson 巩固课repetition drill 复述操练repetition-stage 仿照阶段response 反应retelling 复述retention 记忆teview;tevision 复习review ( revise ) 查and check up复习检review ( revision )lesson 复习课rewriting 改写rhythm 节奏role-play 扮演角色rote learning 强记学习法，死记硬背Sscanning 查阅，扫瞄school practice 教学实习scientific way of thinking 想方法科学的思second language 第二语言segment 音段，切分成分semantics 语义学seminar 课堂讨论sentence completion 完成句子short-term memory 短期记忆sight vocabulary 一见即懂的词汇silent reading 默读silent way 沉默法，静授法simplification 简写simplified reader 简写读本simulation 模拟，模拟性课堂活动simultaneous interpretation 同声翻译situational method 情景法situational language teaching 情景派语言教学法，情景教学法situational method 情景教学法situational syllabus 情景派教学大纲situation reinforcement 情景强化法skimming 略读，济览slide 幻灯片slide projector 幻灯片socialized speech 社会化言语socio-linguistics 社会语言学soft ware 软件speech disorder 言语缺陷speech pathology 言语病理学speech perception 言语知觉speech reading 唇读法speed reading 快速阅读，快读speelling 正字法spiral approach 螺旋式教学法，螺旋法spoken lauguang 口语stage of teaching 教学阶段stick drawing;mathch drawing 简笔画stimulus and response 刺激与反应stress accent 重音，重读structuralism 结构主义（语言学）structural method 结构法student-centered 学生中心student-centered learning习法学生为主学student teacher 实习教师student teaching 教育实习submersion programme 沉浸式教程substitution 替换substitution table 替换表subvocal reading 默读suggestopaedia 暗示教学法syllabus 教学大纲syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus for middle school English 中学英语教学大纲synthetic approach 综合性教学法，综合法synthetical reading 综合性阅读Ttarget language目的语，译文语言teacher ' s book 教师用书teacher ' s manual 教师手册teaching experience 教学经验teaching objective,aim 教学目的teaching procedure 教学过程teaching tools;property 教具teaching words in isolation词孤立教单theory of teaching 教学理论TEFL 英语（外语）教学TESL 英语（第二语言）教学TESOL 对非英语民族教英语time allotment 时间分配total physical response method 整体动作反应法transformation drill 转换操练translation method 翻译法transformational generativegrammar 转化生成语法Uunconscious潜意识underclassman 低年级学生undergraduate course 大学本科课程undergraduate school 大学本科学院undergraduate special 大学特殊课程unified studied 统一课程university high school 大学附属中学university of the air 广播电视大学word association 词际联想word list 词表word study 词的研究word frequency 词汇重复率written language 书面语updating courses/training 现代化课程/ 训练upgrading courses/training 进修课程/ 训练upperclassman 高年级学生use and usage 使用和用法utterance 语段Vverbal association词语联想verbal learning 语言学习，单词学习video 电视，影象videotape 录象磁带visual perception 视觉visual aid 直观手段visit a class 听课visual memory 视觉记忆vocabulary control 词汇控制感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学术语Approach 教学路子undergraduate 大学本科生Communicative approach 交际法论Communicative language teaching交际语言教学Method 教学方法Syllabus design教学大纲设计Frist language母语Second language第二语言Foreign language外语Target language目的语言Techniques技巧Brainstorm 指就某一问题随便发表观点或建议的过程Group-work 小组活动Pair-work 两人一组的活动View of work 语言理论或对语言的认识Structural view 结构主义语言理论Functional view 功能主义语言理Interactional view 交互语言理论Behaviourist theory 行为主义学习理论Cognitive theory 认知学习理论Process-oriented theory 强调过程的语言学习理论Condition-oriented theory 强调条件的语言学习理论Audiolingual theory 外语教学听说法TPR:total physical respone 全身反应法Silent way 沉默法Natural approach 自然法Reflective teaching反思教学Communicative approach 交际法或交际路子Communicative competence 交际能力Linguistic competence语言能力Teaching procedures教学步骤Teaching aids 教学辅助材料和设备Variety 多样性Flexibility 灵活性Learnability 可学性Linkage连接Micro planning 微观备课Macro planning 宏观备课RP:received pronunciation 英国伦敦附近的一种方言。
完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表
完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar：语法Syntax：句法Morphology：词法Structure：结构Rank：层次Sentence：句子Clause：从句Phrase：词组Part of Speech：词类Word：单词XXX：实词Structural Word：虚词Simple Word：单纯词XXX：派生词Compound：复合词Noun：名词Proper Noun：专有名词Common Noun：普通名词Countable Noun：可数名词Uncountable Noun：不可数名词Abstract Noun：抽象名词Concrete Noun：具体名词Material Noun：物质名词Collective Noun：集体名词Individual Noun：个体名词n：介词n：连词XXX：动词Main XXX：主动词XXX：及物动词Intransitive XXX：不及物动词Link XXX：系动词Auxiliary XXX：助动词Modal XXX：情态动词Regular Verb：规则动词Irregular Verb：不规则动词Phrasal XXX：短语动词XXX：限定动词Infinite XXX：非限定动词Causative Verb：使役动词Verb of Senses：感官动词Event Verb：动态动词XXX：静态动词XXX：感叹词Adjective：形容词Adverb：副词Adverb of Manner：方式副词Adverb of Degree：程度副词Adverb of Time：时间副词Adverb of Place：地点副词Adjunct：修饰性副词Conjunct：连接性副词Interrogative Adverb：疑问副词Relative Adverb：关系副词Pronoun：代词Personal Pronoun：人称代词Possessive Pronoun：物主代词Reflexive Pronoun：反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun：相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun：指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。
英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)
英语语法术语汇总（中英对照）语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词 word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词cau sat ive verb 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of de gre e时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时 present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致a gre ement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语 spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语British English美国英语American English。
英语语法术语中英文对照
````````````词性part of speech 4. 副词adverb1. 名词noun 1) 方式副词adverb of manner1) 专有名词proper noun 2) 程度副词adverb of degree2) 普通名词common noun 3) 时间副词adverb of time3) 可数名词countable noun 4) 地点副词adverb of place4) 不可数名词uncountable noun 5) 修饰性副词adjunct5) 抽象名词abstract noun 6) 连接性副词conjunct6) 具体名词concrete noun 7) 疑问副词interrogative adverb7) 物质名词material noun 8) 关系副词relative adverb8) 集体名词collective noun 5. 代词pronoun9) 个体名词individual noun 1) 人称代词personal pronoun2. 动词verb 2) 物主代词possessive pronoun1) 及物动词transitive verb 3) 名词性物主代词nominal possessive2) 不及物动词intransitive verb pronoun3) 限定动词finite verb form 4) 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive4) 非限定动词non-finite verb form pronoun5) 主动词main verb 5) 反身代词reflexive pronoun6) 系动词link verb 6) 指示代词demonstrative pronoun7) 助动词auxiliary verb 7) 疑问代词interrogative pronoun8) 情态动词modal verb 8) 关系代词relative pronoun9) 规则动词regular verb 9) 不定代词indefinite pronoun10) 不规则动词irregular verb 6. 冠词article11) 短语动词phrasal verb 1) 定冠词definite article12) 限定动词finite verb 2) 不定冠词indefinite article13) 非限定动词infinite verb 7. 数词numeral14) 使役动词causative verb 1) 基数词cardinal numeral15) 感官动词verb of senses 2) 序数词ordinal numeral16) 动态动词event verb 8. 介词preposition17) 静态动词stage verb 9. 连词conjunction3. 形容词adjective 10. 感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1. 数number 3. 性gender1) 单数形式singular form 1) 阴性feminine2) 复数形式plural form 2) 阳性masculine3) 规则形式regular form 3) 中性neuter4) 不规则形式irregular form 4) 通性common2. 格case 4. 人称person1) 普通格common case 1) 第一人称first person2) 所有格possessive case 2) 第二人称second person3) 主格nominative case 3) 第三人称third person4) 宾格objective case二、句子成分members of sentences1. 主语subject2. 谓语predicate````````````4.表语predicative5. 定语attribute5.宾语object6. 状语adverbial1) 双宾语dual object 7. 同位语appositive2) 直接宾语direct object 8. 补语complement3) 间接宾语indirect object 1) 主语补足语subject complement4) 复合宾语complex object 2) 宾语补足语object complement5) 同源宾语cognate object三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）3.简单句simple sentence 3) 选择疑问句alternative question4.并列句compound sentence 4) 反义疑问句disjunctive question5.复合句complex sentence 5) 附加疑问句tag question6.并列复合句compound complex 6) 修辞疑问句rhetorical questionsentence 7) 感叹疑问句exclamatory question7.陈述句declarative sentence 8. 肯定句positive sentence8.存在句existential sentence 9. 否定句negative sentence9.疑问句interrogative sentence 10. 祈使句imperative sentence1) 一般疑问句general question 11. 省略句elliptical sentence2) 特殊疑问句special question 12. 感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order2.语气mood 2) 语法一致grammatical agreement1) 陈述语气indicative mood 3) 概念一致notional agreement2) 祈使语气imperative mood 4) 就近原则principle of proximity3) 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 5) 强调emphasis3.语态voice 6) 重复repetition1) 主动语态active voice 6. 语音pronunciation2) 被动语态passive voice 1) 语调tone4.否定negation 2) 声调rising tone1) 否定范围scope of negation 3) 降调falling tone2) 全部否定full negation 4) 升降调falling-rising tone3) 局部否定partial negation 7. 文本style4) 转移否定shift of negation 1) 正式文本formal5.语序order 2) 非正式文本informal1) 自然语序natural order 3) 口语spoken/oral English2) 倒装语序inversion 4) 套语formulistic expressioni. 全部倒装full inversion 5) 英国英语British Englishii. 部分倒装partial inversion 6) 美国英语American English3) 直接引语direct speech 8. 用法usage4) 间接引语indirect speech 1) 感情色彩emotional coloring5) 自由直接引语free direct speech 2) 褒义commendatory6) 自由间接引语free indirect speech 3) 贬义derogatory6.一致agreement 4) 幽默humorous1) 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 5) 讽刺sarcastic````````````6) 挖苦ironic 3) 虚词structural word7) 词性part of speech 4) 单纯词simple word8) 语法grammar 5) 派生词derivative9) 句法syntax 6) 复合词compound10) 词法morphology 10. 句法关系syntactic relationship11) 结构structure 1) 并列coordinate12) 层次rank 2) 从属subordination13) 句子sentence 3) 修饰modification14) 从句clause 4) 前置修饰pre-modification15) 词组phrase 5) 后置修饰post-modification6.词类part of speech 6) 限制restriction1) 单词word 7) 双重限制double-restriction2) 实词notional word 8) 非限制non-restriction五、从句clause10.从属句subordinate clause concession11.并列句coordinate clause 5) 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause12.名词性从句nominal clause 6) 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result1) 主语从句subject clause 7) 目的状语从句adverbial clause of2) 表语从句predicative clause purpose3) 宾语从句object clause 8) 条件状语从句adverbial clause of4) 同位语从句appositive clause condition13.定语从句attributive clause i. 真实条件状语从句adverbial14.宾语从句object clause clause of real condition15.主语从句subject clause ii. 非真实条件状语从句adverbial16.同位语从句appositive clause clause of unreal condition17.状语从句adverbial clause iii. 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of1) 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time implied condition2) 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place iv. 错综条件句adverbial clause of3) 方式状语从句adverbial clause of mixed conditionmanner 9) 比较状语从句adverbial clause of 4) 让步状语从句adverbial clause of comparison六、时态tense7.现在时present tense 4) 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous1) 一般现在时present simple tense tense2) 现在进行时present continuous tense 3. 将来时future tense3) 现在完成时present perfect tense 1) 一般将来时future simple tense4) 现在完成进行时present perfect 2) 将来进行时future continuous tensecontinuous tense 3) 将来完成时future perfect tense8.过去时past tense 4) 将来完成进行时future perfect1) 一般过去时past simple tense continuous tense2) 过去进行时past continuous tense 4. 其他3) 过去完成时past perfect tense 1) 一般过去将来时past future tense````````````2) 过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3) 过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4) 过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。
英语语法术语中英文对照
英语语法术语中英文对照词性 parｔｏf speecｈ 1.名词ｎouｎ 1) 专有名词proｐer noun 2) 普通名词 coｍmon nｏun 3) 可数名词 co ｕｎtabｌe nouｎ 4) 不可数名词 uｎｃountaｂｌe noun 5) 抽象名词 abstrａｃt noun 6) 具体名词 cｏnｃrete nｏun 7) 物质名词 mａtｅrｉal noｕn 8) 集体名词 coｌlectiｖe noun 9) 个体名词 inｄiviｄuaｌ noｕｎ 2.动词 veｒb 1) 及物动词 tranｓｉtivｅ verb 2) 不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtive verb 3) 限定动词 finiｔe vｅrｂｆｏrm 4) 非限定动词 non-finiｔe vｅrb ｆorm 5) 主动词 maiｎ verb 6) 系动词 liｎk verb7) 助动词 au____iliary veｒb 8) 情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ 9) 规则动词 regular verb 10) 不规则动词ｉrreguｌａr veｒb 11) 短语动词 phrasal ｖerb 12) 限定动词 fiｎiｔｅ verb 13) 非限定动词 iｎfinitｅ veｒｂ 14) 使役动词 cauｓａtｉvｅ verｂ 15) 感官动词 vｅrb oｆ se ｎses 16) 动态动词 eveｎｔ veｒｂ 17) 静态动词ｓtage veｒｂ 3.形容词 adjeｃtｉve 4.副词ａdｖerb 1) 方式副词 adｖerb ｏf manner 2) 程度副词ａdｖeｒｂ oｆ degrｅe 3) 时间副词 adverb oｆｔｉｍe 4) 地点副词 adｖeｒｂ oｆ pｌａce 5) 修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt 6) 连接性副词coｎjunct 7) 疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅ adｖerｂ 8) 关系副词 reｌative adverb 5.代词 pronouｎ 1) 人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌ pronoun 2) 物主代词 posｓｅssivｅｐｒono ｕn 3) 名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎal possｅssiｖe pronｏu ｎ 4) 形容词性物主代词 adjectiｖａｌ possｅssive pronoun 5) 反身代词 reｆｌe____iｖe ｐroｎｏuｎ 6) 指示代词 dｅmonsｔraｔivｅ pronoun 7) 疑问代词 intｅrrｏgａtive pronoｕn 8) 关系代词ｒelaｔiｖe pronoun 9) 不定代词ｉｎdefiｎite pronoun 6.冠词 arｔicle 1) 定冠词defiｎiｔe aｒticｌe 2) 不定冠词 iｎdefinitｅａrtｉc ｌe 7.数词 numeｒal 1) 基数词 cａｒｄiｎａｌ nｕmerａｌ 2) 序数词 orｄｉｎａｌ nuｍeral 8.介词ｐｒepositi ｏn 9.连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion 10.感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion 一、数/格/性 number／caｓe/gｅnder1.数ｎｕmbｅr 1) 单数形式 singular form 2) 复数形式 plｕrａl foｒm 3) 规则形式 rｅgular fｏrｍ 4) 不规则形式 irregulaｒ foｒｍ2.格 case 1) 普通格 moｎ case 2) 所有格 possessive ca ｓe 3) 主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖe cａsｅ 4) 宾格 objective casｅ 3.性 gender 1) 阴性 femｉnｉnｅ 2) 阳性ｍasculｉne 3) 中性 nｅｕｔer 4) 通性 mon 4.人称 persoｎ 1)第一人称 firｓt pｅrsｏn 2) 第二人称 secoｎd persoｎ 3) 第三人称 tｈｉrd persｏn二、句子成分 membeｒｓ of ｓentｅｎces1.主语 subｊect 2.谓语ｐｒedｉcate3.表语 predicatｉvｅ4.宾语 objecｔ 1) 双宾语 dual oｂject 2) 直接宾语 dirｅct obｊect 3) 间接宾语 indｉreｃt oｂｊect 4) 复合宾语ｃomｐle____ object 5) 同宾语 coｇnate ｏbｊect 5.定语 aｔtribuｔe 6.状语 adｖerbial 7.同位语ａpposｉtivｅ 8.补语 coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt 1) 主语补足语 suｂject cｏmｐleｍent 2) 宾语补足语object plｅment三、句子 sentence (基本句型 basic seｎtence pａttern)1.简单句ｓimpｌe sｅnｔｅｎｃｅ 2.并列句 cｏmpoｕnd ｓentence 3.复合句ｐｌe____ seｎtenｃe 4.并列复合句 cｏmpound coｍple____ sentｅnｃe 5.陈述句declａrative ｓeｎｔenｃe 6.存在句 eｘistential ｓentence 7.疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅ sentencｅ 1) 一般疑问句 genｅral ｑuesｔｉon 2) 特殊疑问句 sｐｅｃｉａl ｑuｅsｔion 3) 选择疑问句 alternatiｖe quesｔioｎ 4)反义疑问句 diｓjuｎcｔive questiｏn 5) 附加疑问句 taｇquｅｓtｉon 6) 修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃal question 7) 感叹疑问句ｅ____clamatｏrｙ queｓtｉon 8.肯定句ｐoｓitivｅ sentｅnce 9.否定句 neｇaｔiｖe ｓｅntenｃe 10.祈使句 imperａtiｖe sｅｎｔｅnｃe 11.省略句 ellipｔｉcal sentence 12.感叹句 e____clamａtｏry ｓｅntenｃe 四、语气/语态/语序 mood/vｏice/order1.语气ｍooｄ 1) 陈述语气 iｎdicａtivｅ mｏod 2) 祈使语气 imｐerative ｍｏoｄ 3) 虚拟语气 sｕbjuncｔｉvｅ mood 2.语态 vｏｉｃｅ 1) 主动语态 acｔive voice 2) 被动语态 passｉve vo ｉce 3.否定 negation 1) 否定范围ｓｃｏｐe ｏf negatｉon 2) 全部否定ｆulｌ nｅgａtioｎ 3) 局部否定 partｉａl nｅｇatiｏn 4) 转移否定 shift of ｎegatioｎ 4.语序orｄer 1) 自然语序ｎaｔuｒal ordeｒ 2) 倒装语序ｉnverｓiｏn i.全部倒装 full invｅrsｉoｎ ii.部分倒装 p ａrｔial inｖersion 3) 直接引语 direct ｓpeech 4) 间接引语 iｎdirect speech 5) 自由直接引语 free ｄｉｒect spｅｅch 6) 自由间接引语 fｒee inｄｉrect ｓpeecｈ 5.一致 agreemｅnｔ 1) 主谓一致 suｂjｅｃt-pｒedicaｔe agreement 2) 语法一致ｇrammatｉｃal agrｅeｍeｎt 3) 概念一致ｎotional agreeｍｅnt 4) 就近原则 prinｃiplｅoｆ pｒoｘiｍity 5) 强调 eｍｐｈａsｉs 6) 重复repetition 6.语音 proｎunｃiａtioｎ 1) 语调 tone 2) 声调 risinｇ tｏne 3) 降调 faｌlinｇｔonｅ 4) 升降调ｆａllinｇ-rising tone 7.文本 style 1) 正式文本 foｒmaｌ2) 非正式文本 iｎｆｏｒmal 3) 口语 sｐoken/ｏral Eｎg ｌｉsｈ4) 套语 fｏrmulｉstic e____pｒｅssｉｏn 5) 英国英语 Britｉsh Eｎgｌish6) 美国英语Ａmｅrican English8.用法 usagｅ 1) 感情色彩ｅmoｔiｏnal coｌoｒing2) 褒义ｃommｅnｄaｔorｙ3) 贬义 dｅrｏｇatory 4) 幽默 huｍoｒous 5) 讽刺saｒcａstｉc 6) 挖苦 irｏnｉｃ 7) 词性 part of spｅeｃh 8) 语法ｇｒammａｒ 9) 句法 synｔa____ 10) 词法morphｏloｇy 11) 结构 stｒuｃｔure 12) 层次 raｎk 13) 句子ｓenteｎce 14) 从句 clａｕse 15) 词组 phrase 9.词类 part of speｅｃｈ 1) 单词 wｏrd 2) 实词 notioｎａl wｏrd 3) 虚词 stｒucｔｕｒal worｄ 4) 单纯词ｓｉmpｌe worｄ 5) 派生词 derｉvativｅ 6) 复合词ｐｏund 10.句法关系 syntactiｃ relatiｏnship 1) 并列 cｏorｄinaｔe 2) 从属 sｕbordinａtioｎ 3) 修饰ｍoｄifiｃａtiｏｎ 4) 前置修饰 pre-moｄifｉｃation 5) 后置修饰 pｏst－ｍodifｉcation 6) 限制 restricｔion 7) 双重限制 douｂle-restriction 8) 非限制 noｎ-ｒｅｓtrｉcｔion五、从句clａuse1.从属句ｓｕｂordｉnate cｌａｕsｅ 2.并列句 c ｏｏrdｉnate clause 3.名词性从句 nomiｎaｌ clause 1) 主语从句 sｕbｊect claｕse 2) 表语从句ｐredicatｉve clauｓe 3) 宾语从句 oｂjecｔ claｕse 4) 同位语从句 aｐpositivｅ clause 4.定语从句 attribuｔiｖe claｕｓe 5.宾语从句 object ｃlａuse 6.主语从句 suｂｊect cｌause 7.同位语从句 appositｉve clause 8.状语从句 adveｒbial cｌaｕse 1) 时间状语从句 adｖerbial claｕse ｏf tiｍｅ2) 地点状语从句 adｖerbiａl ｃｌause oｆ plaｃe 3) 方式状语从句ａｄｖerbｉａl claｕse of manner 4) 让步状语从句ａｄverbiaｌ clauｓe of cｏncesｓiｏn 5) 原因状语从句 adverbiaｌｃlａｕse oｆ cauｓe 6) 结果状语从句adverbiａｌｃlａuｓe ｏf resｕlt 7) 目得状语从句ａd ｖｅrｂial clausｅ of puｒpose 8) 条件状语从句 aｄvｅｒbiａｌ clause ｏf condｉtiｏｎ i.真实条件状语从句ａdverｂiａｌ claｕｓｅ of real cｏnｄｉtion ii.非真实条件状语从句ａdverbiａl claｕsｅ of uｎreal cｏnditｉoｎ iii.含蓄条件句 advｅrbiaｌｃlaｕse of imｐlied condｉtｉｏn iv.错综条件句 adverbiａｌ cｌａuse of mi____eｄ conditｉon 9) 比较状语从句 aｄverbiaｌｃｌaｕsｅｏｆ cｏmpaｒisｏｎ六、时态 tense1.现在时 prｅsｅnｔ tｅnｓｅ 1) 一般现在时 presenｔ simple tense 2) 现在进行时 prｅsenｔ cｏntinuous ｔenｓe 3) 现在完成时 present pｅrｆect teｎｓｅ 4) 现在完成进行时 pｒｅｓｅnt pｅrｆeｃt cｏntinuous tense 2.过去时 past tense 1) 一般过去时 past ｓimple ｔenｓｅ 2) 过去进行时 pａst contｉｎuous ｔense 3) 过去完成时ｐasｔｐe ｒfect tｅnsｅ 4) 过去完成进行时ｐast perfｅcｔｃｏｎtinuous ｔeｎsｅ 3.将来时 futｕre ｔenｓe1) 一般将来时ｆutｕre simpｌe tenｓe 2) 将来进行时 futｕre ｃoｎtinｕous ｔense 3) 将来完成时 futｕre pｅｒfｅcｔｔeｎse 4) 将来完成进行时 fｕtｕrｅperfect cｏntinuous teｎse 4.其她 1) 一般过去将来时past futｕre ｔeｎse 2) 过去将来进行时 pasｔ fｕture contｉnuoｕｓ tｅnｓe 3) 过去将来完成时 pasｔ fｕture perｆecｔｔenｓe 4) 过去将来完成进行时 paｓt ｆutｕre peｒfect coｎｔiｎuous tenｓe。
语法术语中英文
语法术语中英文1. Noun （名词）countable uncountable （可数名词、不可数名词）Number of N （名词的数）Irregular plurals （不规那么复数）Genitive case of N （名词的所有格）Double genitive （双重所有格）2.Pronoun （代词）Personal pronoun （人称代词）Possessive pronoun （物主代词）Reflexive pronoun （反身代词）Interrogative pronoun （疑问代词）Indefinite pronoun （不定代词）3.Numeral （数次）Cardinal 、ordinal numbers （基数词、序数词）Percentage （百分数）Fraction （分数）Decimal （小数）Multiple （倍数）4.Determiner （限定词）Definite, indefinite, zero articles （定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词）Quantifiers （数量词）5.Preposition （介词）6.Adjective （形容词）Attributive 定语Predicative 表语Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句7. Adverb （副词）Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause （形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语）The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv （形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9. Verb classes （动词）Transitive and intransitive verbs（及物动词和不及物动词）Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries（助动词和情态动词）Semi-auxiliaries （半助动词）Phrasal verbs （短语动词）10. Tense （时态）Simple present, past, future and with modals （一样此刻时，一样过去时，一样以后时和情态助动词加动词）Present and past progressive（此刻进行时和过去进行时）Future progressive and with modals（以后进行时和情态动词加进行时）Present and past perfect（此刻完成时和过去完成时）Future perfect and with modals （以后完成时和情态动词加完成时）Present perfect progressive（此刻完成进行时）Past perfect progressive （过去完成进行时）voice （被动语态）Passive voice in simple tense（被动语态的一样时态）Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses （被动语态的完成和进行时态）Passive voice of phrasal verbs （短语动词的被动语态）12.Subjunctive mood （虚拟语气）13.To V （Infinitive 动词不定式）as subject, object and complement （用作主语，宾语和补足语）Indicating purpose / result （表示目的和结果）Modifying adjective （修饰形容词）as post modifier in a noun phrase （后位修饰名词）to be + V-ed2, to have + V-ed2, to be + V-ing （不定式的被动式，完成式和进行式）14.V-ing （Gerund 动名词）object, subject and predicative （宾语, 主语和表语）N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing as subject and object （名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语）Prep + N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing （介词加名词/代词或其所有格加动名词）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as a noun equivale nt （动名词的被动式,完成式和完成被动式起名词作用）15pre-modifier and post modifier in a noun phrase 此刻分词和过去分词）as complement （补足语）as an adverb clause equivalen t（作状语）When / while, etc. + V-ing / V-ed2 （When / While 等加此刻分词或过去分词）（with） N + V-ing / V-ed2 （ [ with ] 名词加此刻分词或过去分词）Dangling V-ing as adverb clause equivalen t（无归属此刻分词作状语）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalen t（此刻分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语）16. Basic sentence patterns and sentence elements （大体句型和句子成份）Pattern 1: S + VPattern 2: S + V + CsPattern 3: S + V + OPattern 4: S + V + Oi + OdPattern 5: S + V + Od + Co17. Interrogative form （疑问形式）Negative form （否定形式）Passive form （被动形式）relative clause （定语从句）Restrictive and non-restrictive （限制Pare nt hesis （插入语）Omission （省略）Omission through coordination （并列结构中的省略）Negation （否定）Total negation （全数否定）Partial negation （部份否定）Double negation （双重否定）Transferred negation （转移否定）性和非限制性定语从句）Appositive clause （同位语从句）Noun phrase appositive to clause（名词短语作句子的同位语）Clause of time and space（时刻从句和地址从句）Clauses of condition, concession and con tras t （条件从句、妥协从句和对照从句）Clauses of cause, result and purpose（缘故从句、结果从句和目的从句）Clauses of manner and comparison（方式从句和比较从句）Clauses of proportion and other types（比例从句和其它从句）3rd person pronouns, and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person pronouns （第三人称代词，第一、二人称代词的复数）indefinite pronouns （不定代词）（+ of + N / Pron）Subjec t-verb inversion（主语与谓语倒装）朗文高级英语语法》第一章动词时态概述(Overview Of Verb Tenses)1- 1 一样时态(The Simple Tenses)1- 2 进行时态(The ProgressiveTenses)31- 3 完成时态(The Perfect Tenses)1- 4 完成进行时态(The PerfectProgressive Tenses)1-5 时态用法总结(Summary Chart ofVerb Tenses)1- 6 -ing 和-ed 形式的拼写(Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms)第二章一样此刻时，一样过去时，此刻进行时和过去进行时(Present And Past,Simple And Progressive)2- 1 一样此刻时(Simple Present) 2- 2 此刻进行时(Present Progressive)2- 3 静态动词( Stative Verbs)2-5 规那么动词和不规那么动词(Regular and Irregular Verbs)2-6 规那么动词：-ed的发音(RegularVerbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings)2-7 不规那么动词表(Irregular Verbs: an Alphabetical List)2-8 易混淆的动词：raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie (Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie)2-9 一样过去时(Simple Past)2-10 过去进行时(Past Progressive)2-11进行时态与always连用表示抱怨(Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain)2-12 进行时态中地址状语的用法(Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs) being + Adjective)3- 1 此刻完成时(Present Perfect)2-4 am/is/are being+形容词(am/is/are第三章完成时和完成进行时(Perfect And Perfect Progressive Tenses)3- 2 此刻完成进行时(Present Perfect Progressive) 3- 3 过去完成时(Past Perfect)3- 4 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive)第四章以后时(Future Time)4- 1 一样以后时：will 和be going to (Simple Future: will and be going to)4- 2 will 与be going to 的比较(will vs. be going to)4- 3 历时刻状语从句表示以后(Expressing the Future in Time Clauses)4-4 用一样此刻时和此刻进行时表示以后(Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time)4- 5 以后进行时(Future Progressive)4- 6 以后完成时(Future Perfect)4-7 以后完成进行时(Future Perfect Progressive)第五章时刻状语从句和时态的温习(Adverb Clauses Of Time And Review Of Verb Tenses)5- 1 时刻状语从句：形式(Adverb Clauses of Time: Form)5- 2 历时刻状语从句表示时刻关系(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships)第六章主谓一致(Subject-verbAgreement)6-1以-s或-es结尾的词：用法、发音和拼写(Final -s/-es: Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling)6-2 大体的主谓一致问题(BasicSubject-verb Agreement)6-3 主谓一致：表达数量(Subject-verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity)6-4 主谓一致：there be的用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Using there + be)6- 5 主谓一致：不规那么用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Some Irregularities)第七章名词(Nouns)7- 1 名词复数形式的规那么和不规那么转变(Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns)7- 2 所有格(Possessive Nouns)1037- 3 名词作修饰语(Using Nouns as Modifiers)7-4 可数名词和不可数名词(Count andNoncount Nouns)7- 5 不可数名词(Noncount Nouns)7- 6 常见不可数名词(Some Common Noncount Nouns)7-7 冠词的大体用法(Basic ArticleUsage)7-8 冠词用法的大体原那么(General Guidelines for Article Usage)7-9 数量的表达(Expressions of Quantity)7-10 a few 和few, a little 和little 的用法(Using a few and few; a little and little)7-11 带of 的数量表达(Using of in Expressions of Quantity)7-12 all (of)和both (of)〔All (of) and both (of) 7-13 单数的数量表达：one, each, every (Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every)第八章代词(Pronouns)8- 1 人称代词(Personal Pronouns)8- 2 人称代词：与类属名词、不定代词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns)8-3 人称代词：与集合名词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Collective Nouns)8- 4 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns)8-5 you, one 和they 用作非人称代词(Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns)8- 6 other 的形式(Forms of other)8-7 other 的常见表达(CommonExpressions with other)第九章情态动词(一) (Modals, Part 1)9- 1 概述(Introduction)9-2 I作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with I as the Subject)9-3 you 作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with you as the Subject)9- 4 would you mind 用作礼貌请求(Polite Requests with would you mind)9- 5 表示必需：must, have to, have got to (Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to)9-6 没必要要和禁止：have to和must的否定形式(Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative)9-7 忠告：should, ought to, had better (Advisability: should, ought to, had better)9-8 should 的过去式(The Past Form of should)9-9 期望:be supposed to (Expec tatio ns: be supposed to)9-10 提议:let's, why don't, shall I/we(Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall I/we)9-11 提议：could与should的比较(Making Suggestions: could vs. should) 第十章情态动词(二) (Modals, Part 2)10- 1 表示确信程度：此刻时(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time)10-2 表示确信程度：此刻时的否定形式(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative)10-3 表示确信程度：过去时(Degrees of Certainty: Past Time)10-4 表示确信程度：以后时(Degrees of Certainty: Future Time)10-5 情态动词的进行式(Progressive Forms of Modals)10-6 表示能力：can 和could (Ability:can and could)10-7 would 表示过去重复性的动作(Using would to Express a RepeatedAction in the Past)10-8 表示偏向： would rather(Expressing Preference: would rather)10-9 情态动词和短语情态动词的结合(Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals)10-10 情态动词和类似表达的总结表(Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions)第十一章被动语态(The Passive)11-1 被动语态的组成(Forming the Passive)11-2 被动语态的用法(Using thePassive)11-3 间接宾语用作被动语态的主语(Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects)11-4 情态动词与短语情态动词的被动语态(The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals)11-5 静态被动语态(Stative Passive)11-6 常见静态被动语态动词 + 介词(Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions)11-7 get 与被动语态(The Passive with get) 11-8 分词形容词(Participial Adjectives)第十二章名词性从句(Noun Clauses)12-1 概述(Introduction)12-2 以疑问词开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word)12-3以whether或if开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if)12-4疑问词后接不定式(Ques tion Words Followed by Infinitives)12-5 以that 开头的名词性从句(NounClauses Beginning with that)12-6 直接引语(Quoted Speech)12-7 间接引语：名词性从句中动词的形式(Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses)12-8 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法(Using the Subjunctive in Noun Clauses)12-9 带有-ever的辞汇的用法(Using -ever Words)第十三章定语从句(Adjective Clauses)13- 1 概述(Introduction)13-2 定语从句的关系代词作主语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject)13-3 定语从句的关系代词作动词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb)13-4 定语从句的关系代词作介词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition)13-5 定语从句的经常使用句型(UsualPatterns of Adjective Clauses)13-6 whose 的用法(Using whose)13-7定语从句中where的用法(Using where in Adjective Clauses)13-8 定语从句中when的用法(Using when in Adjective Clauses)13-9 定语从句修饰代词的用法(Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns)13-10 定语从句中标点符号的利用(Punctuating Adjective Clauses) 13-11 定语从句中数量的表示方式(Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses)13-12 名词+of which 的用法(U sing Noun + of which)28613-13 which修饰整个句子的用法(Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence)28613-14 将定语从句简化为形容词短语：概述(Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction)13-15 将定语从句转变成形容词短语(Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase)第十四章动名词和不定式(一) (GerundsAnd Infinitives, Part 1)14- 1 动名词：概述(Gerunds: Introduction)14-2 动名词作介词的宾语(Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions)14-3 后面接动名词的常见介词短语(Common Preposition CombinationsFollowed by Gerunds)14-4 后面接动名词的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Gerunds)14-5 go+动名词(go + Gerund)14-6后面接动词-ing形式的固定搭配(Special Expressions Followed by -ing)14-7 后面接不定式的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Infinitives)14-8 后面既可接不定式又可接动名词的常见动词(Common Verbs Followed by either Infinitives or Gerunds)14-9 后面接动名词的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed byGerunds) 14-10 后面接不定式的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives)14-11 it +不定式；动名词和不定式作主语(it + Infinitive; Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects) And Infinitives, Part 2)15-1 表示目的的不定式：in order to (Infinitive of Purpose: in order to)15-2 后面接不定式的形容词(Adjectives Followed by Infinitives)15-3 不定式与too和enough连用(Using Infinitives with too and enough)15-4 不定式和动名词的被动语态和完成式(Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds)15-5 need 后接动名词或不定式的被动语态形式(Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need)15-6 所有格修饰动名词(Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund)15-7 感官动词的用法(Using Verbs of Perception)15-8 let和help后接动词原形(Using the Simple Form after let and help)15-9 使役动词的用法：make, have, get(Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get)第十五章动名词和不定式(二) (Gerunds第十六章并列连词(Coordinating16-1 平行结构(Parallel Structure)16-2 成对连词：both・・・and; not only… but also; either … or; neither … nor (Using Paired Conjunctions: both . . . and; not only . . . but also; either . . . or; neither . . . nor)16- 3 用并列连词连接独立分句(Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions)第十七章状语从句(Adverb Clauses)17- 1 概述(In troduc tion)17-2 缘故状语从句(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect)17-3表达对照(意外的结果)：even though 的用法〔Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though〕17-4 表达直接对照：while和whereas (Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas)17-5条件状语从句：if从句(Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: 17-6 条件状语从句：whether or not和even if 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if)17-7 条件状语从句：in case和in the event that 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that)17-8 条件状语从句：unless的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless)17-9 条件状语从句：only if的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if)第十八章将状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Reduction Of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18- 1 概述(In troduc tion)18-2 将时刻状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-3 用修饰性的副词短语表达“与此同时”的概念(Expressing the Idea of “During the Same Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-4 用修饰性的副词短语表示因果关系(Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-5 在修饰性的副词短语中利用“upon + -ing” (Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)第十九章表示因果、对照和条件关系的关联词(Connectives That Express Cause And Effect, Contrast, And Condition)19-1 because of 和due to 的用法(Using because of and due to)19-2用过渡词表示因果关系：therefore 和consequently (Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently)19-3 句型和标点符号小结(Summary ofPatterns and Punctuation)19-4其它表示因果关系的方式：such… that 和so …that (Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . . . that and so . . . that)19-5 表示目的：so that的用法(Expressing Purpose: Using so that)19-6 表示对照(意料之外的结果) 〔Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result)〕19-7 表示直接对照(Showing Direct Contrast)19-8 表示条件：otherwise 和or (else) 的用法〔Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else)〕19-9 关联词小结：因果、对照和条件关系(Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition)第二十章条件句和表达愿望的方式(Conditional Sentences And Wishes)20- 1 条件句中一样动词形式概述(Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences)20-2 此刻和以后的真实条件句(True in the Present or Future)20-3 此刻和以后的非真实条件句(与事实相反)〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future〕20-4 过去的非真实条件句 (与事实相反) 〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past〕20-5 在条件句中利用动词的进行时形式(Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences)20-6条件句中“混合时刻”的用法(Using“ Mixed Time ” in ConditionalSentences)42420-7 if 的省略(Omitting if)20-8 暗含的条件(Implied Cond it ions)20-9 as if / as though 的用法(Using as if/as though) 20-10 wish后面的动词形式(Verb Forms Following wish)20-11 用would 表达关于以后的希望(Using would to Make Wishes about the Future)434and Objects)A-2 介词和介词短语(Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases) A-3 形容词(Adjectives)A-4 副词(Adverbs)A-5 be 动词(The Verb be)A-6 系动词(Linking Verbs)B单元：疑问句(Questions)B-1 一样疑问句和特殊疑问句的形式(Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions)B-2 疑问词(Ques tion Words)B-3 简化的一样疑问句(Shortened Yes/No Questions)B-4 否定疑问句(Negative Questions) B-5 反意疑问句(Tag Questions)附录增补语法单元(Supplementary Grammar Units)A 单元：大体语法术语(Basic GrammarTerminology)C 单元：缩写(Contractions) D单元：否定句(Negatives)D-1 not与其它否定词的用法(Using not and Other Negative Words)A-1 主语、动词和宾语(Subjects, Verbs,D-2 幸免“重复两次否定” (Avoiding Double Negatives)D-3 以否定词开头的句子(Beginning a Sentence with a Negative Word)E 单元：介词搭配(Preposition Combinations)E 形容词和动词的介词搭配(Preposition Combinations withAdjectives and Verbs)F 单元：用来举例和延续观点的关联词(Connectives To Give Examples And To Continue An Idea)F-1 用来举例的关联词(Connectives to Give Examples)F-2 用来延续观点的关联词(Connectives to Continue the Same Idea)G 单元：动词形式的回忆练习(Verb Form Review Exercises)。
英文语法专业词汇表
英语语法专业术语表0英语语法专业术语表01. Morphology 词法2．Notional Words 实义词3． Form Words 虚词4．P arts of Speech 词性 5．The Noun 名词6．The Pronoun 代词7．The Numera l 数词8．The Verb 动词9．The Adjective 形容词10. The Adverb 副词11. The Article 冠词12. The Preposition 介词13. The conjunction 连词14. The Interjection 感叹词15. The Particle 小品词16. Word Building 构词法17. Conversion 转化18. Derivation 派生19. Composition 合成20. Pre fix 前缀21. Suffix 后缀22. Compound Words 合成词23. Classification o f Nouns 名词的分类24. Common Nouns 普通名词 25. Proper Nouns 专有名词26. Countable Nouns 可数名词27. Uncountable Nouns 不可数名词28. Th e Singular Form 单数形式29. The Plural Form 复数形式30. Individual N ouns个体名词31. Collective Nouns集体名词32. Material Nouns物质名词33. Abstract Nouns抽象名词34. The Common Case普通格35. The Possessive Case所有格36． Personal Pronouns 人称代词37. Possessive Pronouns 物主代词38. Self Pronouns反身代词39. Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词40. Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词不达意41. Conjunctive Pronouns连接代词42. Relative Pronouns关系代词43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代词44. Reciprocal Pronouns相互代词45. The Subjective Case主格46. The Obje ctive Case宾格47. Cardinal Numerals基数词48. Ordinal Numerals 序数词49. Fractional Numerals分数词50．Notional Verbs实意动词051. Link Verbs连系动词52. Auxiliary Verbs助动词53. Modal Verbs 情态动词54. Transitive Verbs及物动词55. Intransitive Verbs不及物动词56. Regular Verbs规则动词57. Irregular Verbs不规则动词58. Person人称59. Number数 60. Tense时态61. Voice语态62. Mood语气63. The Prin ciple Forms of Verbs动词的主要形式64. The Present Forms 现在式65. The Non-finite Forms of the Verb动词的非谓语形式66. The Participle分词67. The Past Forms过去式68. The Past Participle过去分词69. The Infi nitive不定式70. The Gerund动名词71. The Present Indefinite一般现在时72. The Past Indefinite一般过去时73. The Future Indefinite一般将来时074. The Past Future Indefinite一般过去将来时75. The Present Cont inuous现在进行时76. The Past Continuous 过去进行时77. The Future Con tinuous 将来进行时78. The Present Perfect现在完成时79. The Future Pe rfect将来完成时80. The Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时80. The Sequence of Tenses时态的呼应82. The Active Voice主动语态83. The Passive Voice被动语态84. The Indicative Mood陈述语气85. The Imperat ive Mood祈使语气86. The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气87. Sentences of Re al Condition真实条件句88. Sentences of Unreal Condition虚拟条件句89. Degrees of Comparison比较的级别90. The Comparative Degree比较级91. The Superlative Degree最高级92. Adverbs of Time时间副词 93. Adverbs of Place地点副词94. Adverbs of Manner方式副词95. Adverbs of Degree 程度副词96. Adverbs of Frequency频度副词97. Relative Adverbs关系副词98. Conjunctive Adverbs连接副词99. Interrogative Adverbs疑问副词100. The Definite Article定冠词101. The Indefinite Article不定冠词102. Coordinating Conjunctions并列连词103. Subordinating Conjunctions从属连词104. Syntax句法105. The Sentence句子106. The Subject主语107. Members of the Sentence句子成分108. The Predicate谓语109. The Object 宾语110. The Predicative表语111. The Attributive定语112. The Adverb ial (Modifier)状语113. The Appositive 同位语114. Declarative Sentenc e陈述句115. Imperative Sentence祈使句116. Exclamatory Sentence感叹句 117. Interrogative Sentence疑问句118. General Question一般问句11 9. Special Question特殊问句120. Alternative Question选择问句121. Di sjunctive Question反意问句122. Simple Sentence简单句123. Compound S entence并列句124. Complex Sentence复合句125. Compound Complex Sente nce并列复合句126. Simple Predicate简单谓语127. The Compound Predica te复合谓语0128. The Compound Verbal Predicate表行为的复合谓语129. The Compo und Nominal Predicate0表性状的复合谓语130. The Direct Object直接宾语131. The Indirect Object间接宾语132. The Complex Object复合宾语133. The Cognate Objec t同源宾语134. Independent Elements独立成分135. Direct Speech直接引语136. Parenthesis插入语137. Inserted Elements插入成分138. Indirect Speech间接引语139. The Nominative Absolute独立主格0 140. Phrases短语141. Participial Phrases分词短语142. Prepositio nal Phrases介语短语143. Infinitive Phrases不定式短语144. Infinitive Phrases不定式短语145. Phrasal Verbs短语动词146. Subordinate Clause 从句147. Main Clauses主句148. Subject Clause主语从句149. Object Cla use宾语从句150. Attributive Clause定语从句151. Predicative Clause表语从句152. Appositive Clause同位语从句153. Adverbial Clause状语从句154. Adverbial Clause of Time时间状语从句155. Adverbial Clause of Pl ace地点状语从句156. Adverbial Clause of Cause原因状语从句157. Adver bial Clause of Condition条件状语从句0158. Adverbial Clause of Degree (Result)结果状语从句159. Adverbi al Clause of Concession让步状语从句160. Adverbial Clause of Purpose 目的状语从句161. Adverbial Clause of Comparison比较状语从句162. Adve rbial Clause of Manner方式状语从句163. Restrictive Attributive Claus e限制性定语从句164. Non-restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句165. Limiting Attributes 限制性定语166. Natural Word-order自然语序167. Inversion倒装168. Full Inversion完全倒装0 169. Partial Inversion部分倒装170. Ellipsis省略171. Transformat ion of Sentences句子的转换172. Analysis of Sentences句子分析173. Pu nctuation标点符号174. Period (Full Stop)句号175. Question Mark问号1 76. Exclamation Mark感叹号177. Comma逗号178. Semicolon分号179. Col on冒号180. Quotation Marks引号181. Brackets括号182. Angle Brackets 角括号183. Parentheses (curves)圆括号184. Square Brackets方括号185. Brace大括号186. Dash破折号187. Hyphen连字符188. Apostrophe省略号1 89. Slant斜线号190. Asterisk星号191. Parallels 平行号0。
各种英语语法知识术语翻译
是各种语法术语的英文名称，那多去了。
可以是一本小册子。
名词性从句：Noun Clauses. 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possecive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause 从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause 主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子sentence 简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence patern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence 句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object补语complement 主补subject complement 宾补object complement表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate 从属subordination修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person 第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech 自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal非正式文体informal 口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression英国英语British English 美国英语American English 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic 挖苦ironic。
英语语法专业术语整理
语态（Voice）主动态（Active voice）被动态（passive voice）be-型被动态（Be-passive）主动句（active sentence）被动句（passive sentence）不定式被动态（passive infinitive）get-型被动态（get-passive）操作词（operator）保留宾语（retained object）虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）陈述式（indicative mood）祈使式（imperative mood）虚拟式（subjunctive mood）陈述句（statement）疑问句（question）假设意义（hypothetical meaning）非事实意义（non-factual meaning）条件句（conditional）含蓄条件句（implied condition）be-型虚拟式（be-subjunctive）were-型虚拟式（were-subjunctive）推测性（epistemic）非推测性（non-epistemic）不定式（infinitive）-ing分词（-ing participle）-ed分词（-ed participle）非限定分句（non-finite clause）时（tense）人称（person）数（number）体（aspect）态（voice）一般形式（to write）进行体形式（to be writing）完成体形式（to be written）完成进行体形式（to have been writing）带to不定式（to-infinitive）不带to不定式（bare infinitive）边际情态助动词（marginal modal auxiliary）情态成语（modal idiom）排比结构（parallel construction）分裂不定式（split infinitive）深层结构（deep structure）动态形容词（dynamic adjective）静态形容词（stative adjective）逻辑主语（logical subject）非限定分句（non-finite clause）不定式分句（infinitive clause）-ing分词分句（-ing participle clause）-ed分词分句（-ed participle clause）评状性状语（disjunct）近似并列连词（quasi-coordinator）独立结构（absolute construction）现在分词（present participle）动名词（gerund）逻辑主语（logical subject）无动词分词（verbless clause）过去分词（past participle）前置修饰语（premodifier）主语补语（subject complement）宾语补语（object complement）悬垂分词（dangling participle）无依着分词（unattached participle）依着法则（attachment rule）单词形容词（one-word adjective）复合形容词（compound adjective）中心形容词（central adjective）外围形容词（peripheral adjective）动态形容词（dynamic adjective）静态形容词（stative adjective）等级形容词（gradable adjective）非等级形容词（non-gradable adjective）状语（adverbial）连接副词（conjunctive adverb）简单副词（simple adverb）派生副词（derivative adverb）方式副词（adverb of manner）程度副词（adverb of degree）时间副词（adverb of time）频度副词（adverb of frequency）地点副词（adverb of place）连接副词（conjunctive adverb）解说副词（explanatory adverb）分句成分（clause element）状语（adverbial）修饰性状语（adjunct）评注性状语（disjunct）连接性状语（conjunct）可等级的（gradable）原级（positive/absolute degree）比较级（comparative degree）最高级（superlative degree）综合形式（synthetic form）分析形式（analytic form）比较结构（comparative construction）可等级名词（gradable noun）分析性语言（analytic language）固定的词序（word order）简单介词（simple preposition）复杂介词（complex preposition）双词介词（two-word preposition）三词介词（three-word preposition）四词介词（four-word preposition）陈述句（statement）疑问句（question；interrogative sentence）一般疑问号（general question）特色疑问句（special question）选择疑问句（alternative question）附加疑问句（tag question）是非问句（yes-no question）非肯定句（non-assertive word）肯定词（assertive word）非肯定词（non-assertive word）否定词（negative word）选择疑问句（alternative question）附加问句（question tag）祈使句（command；imperative sentence）感叹句（exclamation；exclamatory sentence）强调词（emphasizer）强调附加结构（reinforcement tag）双重否定（double negative）修辞疑问句（rhetorical question）操作词（operator）调核（nucleus）调型（intonation pattern）低降调（low fall）高降调（high fall）低升调（low rise）降升调（fall rise）半否定词（semi-negative）动词祈使式（imperative mood）呼语（vocative）存在句（existential sentence）实义主语（notional subject）真主语（real subject）地点状语（locative adverbial）时间状语（temporal adverbial）复杂存在句（complex existential sentence）非限定存在句（non-finite existential sentence）述位（rheme）非指代性it（non-referring it）先行项（antecedent）否定范围（scope of negation）否定焦点（focus of negation）转移否定（transferred negation）双重否定（double negation）局部否定（local negation）多余否定（pleonastic；superfluous negation）并列连词（coordinator）并列结构（coordinate structure）并列句（compound sentence）不带连词的并列结构（asyndetic coordination）带连词的并列结构（syndetic coordination）并列连词（coordinator）关联并列连词（correlative coordinator）近似并列连词（quasi-coordinator）从属连词（subordinator）复杂介词（complex preposition）排比（parallelism）从属（subordination）从属结构（subordinate construction）简单从属连词（simple subordinator）复杂从属连词（complex subordinator）关联从属连词（correlative subordinator）边际从属连词（marginal subordinator）单词从属连词（one-word subordinator）名词性关系分句（nominal relative clause）状语分句（depictive adverbial）时间状语分句（adverbial clause of time）地点状语分句（adverbial clause of place）方式状语分句（adverbial clause of manner）原因状语分句（adverbial clause of cause）结果状语分句（adverbial clause of result）目的状语分句（adverbial clause of purpose）条件状语分句（adverbial clause of condition）让步状语分句（adverbial clause of concession）伴随状况状语分句（adverbial clause of accompanying circumstances）独立结构（absolute construction）真实条件句（real conditional）基本形式（basic form）变体形式（variant form）替换形式（alternative form）非真实条件句（unreal conditional）关系分句（relative clause）定语从句（attributive clause）限制性关系分句（restrictive relative clause）非限制性关系分句（non-restrictive relative clause）关系限定词（relative determiner）双重关系分句（double relative clause）嵌入式关系分句（embedded relative clause；pushdown relative clause）。
常用英语语法术语
英语语法术语表1.词类Word Class名词noun:proper noun 专有名词common noun 普通名词countable noun 可数名词uncountable noun 不可数名词动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinitie pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun介词preposition连词conjunction感叹词exclamation;interjection形容词adjective副词adverb冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 2.句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial从句clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification格case中性neuter 所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form时态tense过去将来时past future tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuoustense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood语序order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine。
英语语法专业术语_音标版
英语语法专业术语音标版语法grammar句法syntax ['sintæks]词法morphology [mɔ:'fɔlədʒi]结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word ['nəuʃənəl]虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative [di'rivətiv, də'rivətiv]复合词compound ['kɔmpaund,kɔm'paund]词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun [æb'strækt,'æbstrækt]具体名词concrete noun ['kɔnkri:t]物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition [prepə'ziʃən]连词conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋkʃən]动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb ['trænsitiv, 'trænsətiv]不及物动词intransitive verb [in'trænsitiv, in'trænsətiv] 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb [ɔ:g'ziljəri]情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb ['freizl, 'freizəl]限定动词finite verb ['fainait]非限定动词infinite verb ['infinit, 'infənit]使役动词causative verb ['kɔ:zətiv]感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation [.eksklə'meiʃən]形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb [.intə'rɔgətiv]关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun ['prəunaun]人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun [pə'zesiv]反身代词reflexive pronoun [ri'fleksiv]相互代词reciprocal pronoun [ri'siprəkəl]指示代词demonstrative pronoun [di'mɔnstrətiv]疑问代词interrogative pronoun [.intə'rɔgətiv]关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun [in'definit, in'defənit]名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun [.ædʒik'taivəl] 冠词article定冠词definite article ['definit, 'defənit]不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral ['nju:mərəl]基数词cardinal numeral ['kɑ:dinl, 'kɑ:dnəl]序数词ordinal numeral ['ɔ:dinəl, 'ɔ:dnəl]分数词fractional numeral ['frækʃənəl]形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form ['pluərəl, 'plurəl]限定动词finite verb form ['fainait]非限定动词non-finite verb form [nʌn'finit]原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause [sə'bɔ:dineit, sə'bɔ:dn.eit,sə'bɔ:dnit]并列句coordinate clause [kəu'ɔ:dneit,kəu'ɔ:dnit, kəu'ɔ:dəneit]名词从句nominal clause ['nɔminəl, 'nɔmənəl]定语从句attributive clause [ə'tribjutiv, ə'tribjətiv]状语从句adverbial clause [əd'və:biəl]宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause [ə'pɔzitiv]时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession [kən'seʃən]原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence [di'klærətiv]疑问句interrogative sentence [.intə'rɔgətiv]一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question [dis'dʒʌŋktiv]修辞疑问句rhetorical question [ri'tɔrikəl]感叹疑问句exclamatory question [iks'klæmə.təri, ik'sklæmə.təuri] 存在句existential sentence [.egzis'tenʃəl]肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence [im'perətiv]省略句elliptical sentence [i'liptikəl]感叹句exclamatory sentence [iks'klæmə.təri, ik'sklæmə.təuri]句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate ['predikeit,'predikit]宾语object双宾语dual object ['dju:əl]直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object ['kɔg.neit]补语complement ['kɔmplimənt, 'kɔmplə.ment,'kɔmpləmənt] 主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative ['pridi.kətiv, 'predi.keitiv]定语attribute [ə'tribju:t,'ætribju:t, ə'tribjut,'ætrə.bju:t]同位语appositive [ə'pɔzitiv]状语adverbial [əd'və:biəl]句法关系syntactic relationship [sin'tæktik]并列coordinate [kəu'ɔ:dneit,kəu'ɔ:dnit, kəu'ɔ:dəneit]从属subordination [səb.ɔ:di'neiʃən, səb.ɔ:dən'eiʃən]修饰modification [.mɔdifi'keiʃən, .mɔdəfə'keiʃən]前置修饰pre-modification [.mɔdifi'keiʃən, .mɔdəfə'keiʃən] 后置修饰post-modification [.mɔdifi'keiʃən, .mɔdəfə'keiʃən] 限制restriction [ri'strikʃən]双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case [əb'dʒektiv]性gender ['dʒendə]阳性masculine ['mæskjulin, 'mæskjəlin]阴性feminine ['feminin, 'femənin]通性common中性neuter ['nju:tə]人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous / progressive tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous / progressive tense过去进行时past continuous / progressive tense将来进行时future continuous / progressive tense过去将来进行时past future continuous / progressive tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous / progressive tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous / progressive tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood [in'dikətiv]祈使语气imperative mood [im'perətiv]虚拟语气subjunctive mood [səb'dʒʌŋktiv]否定negation [ni'geiʃən]否定范围scope of negation [skəup]全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation ['pɑ:ʃəl]转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion [in'və:ʃən]全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement ['predikeit,'predikit]语法一致grammatical agreement [grə'mætikəl]概念一致notional agreement ['nəuʃənəl]就近原则principle of proximity [prɔk'simiti, prɔk'siməti]强调emphasis ['emfəsis]emphasize['emfəsaiz, 'emfə.saiz]重复repetition [.repi'tiʃən]语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression [fɔ:mju'listik]英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring ['kʌləriŋ]褒义commendatory [kə'mendətəri, kə'mendə.təuri]贬义derogatory [di'rɔgətəri, di'rɔgə.təuri]幽默humorous ['hju:mərəs]讽刺sarcastic [sɑ:'kæstik]挖苦ironic [ai'rɔnik]英语教学方法Situational Approach 情景教学法the Audio-Lingual Approach 听说教学法the Audio-visual Approach 视听教学法the Communicative Approach 交际法community language teaching 交际教学法Total Physical Response (TPR) 全身反应法Direct-viewing demonstration teaching method 直观演示法Task-based approach 任务教学法the Feeling Teaching Method 情感教学法Grammar-translation approach 语法翻译法。
(完整word版)英语语法术语 中英文对照
一．词性 part of speech1.名词 noun1)专有名词 proper noun2)普通名词 common noun3)可数名词 countable noun4)不可数名词 uncountable noun5)抽象名词 abstract noun6)具体名词 concrete noun7)物质名词 material noun8)集体名词 collective noun9)个体名词 individual noun2.动词 verb1)及物动词 transitive verb2)不及物动词 intransitive verb3)限定动词 finite verb form4)非限定动词 non-finite verb form5)主动词 main verb6)系动词 link verb7)助动词 auxiliary verb8)情态动词 modal verb 9)规则动词 regular verb10)不规则动词 irregular verb11)短语动词 phrasal verb12)限定动词 finite verb13)非限定动词 infinite verb14)使役动词 causative verb15)感官动词 verb of senses16)动态动词 event verb17)静态动词 state verb18)3.形容词 adjective4.副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner 2）程度副词adverb of degree 3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb 8）关系副词 relative adverb5.代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6.冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7.数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8.介词 preposition9.连词 conjunction10.感叹词 exclamation一、 数/格/性 number/case/gender 1. 数number1） 单数形式 singular form 2） 复数形式 plural form 3） 规则形式 regular form 4） 不规则形式 irregular form 2. 格case1） 普通格 common case 2） 所有格 possessive case 3） 主格 nominative case 4） 宾格 objective case 3. 性gender 1） 阴性 feminine 2） 阳性 masculine 3） 中性 neuter 4） 通性 common 4. 人称 person 第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person二、 句子成分 members of sentences 1. 主语 subject 2. 谓语 predicate 3. 表语 predicative 4. 宾语 object1） 双宾语 dual object 2） 直接宾语 direct object 3） 间接宾语 indirect object 4） 复合宾语 complex object 5） 同源宾语 cognate object 5. 定语 attribute 6. 状语 adverbial 7. 同位语 appositive 8. 补语 complement1） 主补subject complement 2） 宾补object complement 9. 表语 predicative 10. 定语 attribute 11. 同位语 appositive 12. 状语 adverbial三、 句子sentence (基本句型 basic sentence patern) 1. 简单句 simple sentence 2. 并列句 compound sentence 3. 复合句 complex sentence 4. 并列复合句 compound complex sentence 5. 陈述句 declarative sentence 6. 存在句 existential sentence 7. 疑问句 interrogative sentence 1） 一般疑问句 general question 2） 特殊疑问句 special question 3） 选择疑问句 alternative question 4） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 5） 附加疑问句 tag question 6） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 7） 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 8） 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 8. 肯定句 positive sentence 9. 否定句 negative sentence 10. 祈使句 imperative sentence 11. 省略句 elliptical sentence 12. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 四、 语气/语态/语序 mood/voice/order 1. 语气mood 1） 陈述语气 indicative mood 2） 祈使语气 imperative mood 3） 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 2. 语态voice 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice 3. 否定 negation 否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation 4. 语序 order 1） 自然语序 natural order 2） 倒装语序inversion i. 全部倒装 full inversion ii. 部分倒装 partial inversion 3） 直接引语 direct speech 4） 间接引语 indirect speech 5） 自由直接引语 free direct speech 6） 自由间接引语 free indirect speech 5. 一致 agreement 主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity 强调 emphasis 重复 repetition6. 语音 pronunciation 语调 tone 升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-rising tone7. 文体 style 正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 、 口语 spoken/oral English 套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English8. 用法 usage 感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous 讽刺 sarcastic 挖苦 ironic 词性 part of speech 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase9. 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 10. 句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰 modification 前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction 双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction 五、 从句clause 1. 从属句 subordinate clause 2. 并列句 coordinate clause 3. 名词性从句 nominal clause 1） 主语从句subject clause 2） 表语从句 predicative clause 3） 宾语从句 object clause 4） 同位语从句appositive clause 4. 定语从句 attributive clause 5. 宾语从句 object clause 6. 主语从句 subject clause 7. 同位语从句 appositive clause 8. 状语从句adverbial clause 1） 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 2） 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 3） 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 4） 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 5） 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 6） 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 7） 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 8） 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 9） 比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison 六、 时态 tense 1. 现在时present tense 1） 一般现在时 present simple tense 2） 现在进行时 present continuous tense 3） 现在完成时 present perfect tense 4） 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 2. 过去时 past tense 1） 一般过去时past simple tense 2） 过去进行时 past continuous tense 3） 过去完成时 past perfect tense 4） 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 3. 将来时future tense 1） 一般将来时 future simple tense 2） 将来进行时 future continuous tense 3） 将来完成时 future perfect tense 4） 将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense 4. 其他 1） 一般过去将来时past future tense2） 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 3） 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 4） 过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。
英语语法术语及翻译
英语语法术语及翻译morphology 词法notional 实词r o t 词根synonym 同义词derivation 派生法compound 复合词pr o no un代词verb 动词preposition 介词particle 引导词common noun 普通名词词material noun 物质名词form word 虚词word-building 构词法prefix 前缀suffix 后缀antonym 反义词conversion 转化法affixation 词缀法c omposition 合成法parts of speech 词类noun 名词numeral 数词adjective 形容词adverb 副词article冠词conjunction 连词interjection 感叹词classification of nouns 名词的分类proper noun 专有名词collective noun 集合名abstract noun 抽象名词countable noun 可数名词personal pronoun 人称代词possessive pronoun 物主代词reflexive pronoun 反身代词interrogative p r o n o un疑问代demonstrative pronoun 指示代词词relative pronoun 关系代词indefinite pronoun 不定代词reciprocal pronoun 相互代词 case 格nominative case 主格objective case 宾格possessive case 所有格singular form 单数形式plural form 复数形式cardinal numeral 基数词ordinal numeral 序数词fraction numeral 分数数词degrees of comparison 比较级positive degree 原级comparative degree 比较级superlative degree 最高级notional verb 实义动词 modal verb 情态动词link verb 连系动词auxiliary verb 助动词transitive verb 及物动词intransitive verb 不及物动词 regular verb 规则动词irregular verb 不规则动词 finite verb 限定动词non-finite verb 非限定动词person 人称number 数gender 性tense 时态voice 语态mood 语气principal forms o f verbs 动词的主要形式present form 现在形式past form 过去形式participle 分词present participle 现在分词past participle 过去分词infinitive 不定式gerund 动名词verbal noun 动名词simple present tense 一般现在时simple past tense 一般过去时simple future tense 一般将来时present continuous tense 现在进行时past continuous tense 过去进行时future continuous tense 将来进行时past perfect tense 过去完成时future perfect tense 将来完成时present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时future perfect continuous tense 将来完成进行时sequence of tenses 时态的呼应passive voice 被动语态active voice 主动语态indicative mood 陈述语气imperative mood 祈使语气subjunctive mood 虚拟语气adverb of time 时间副词adverb of place 地点副词adverb of manner 方式副词adverb o f degr e 程度副词adverb of frequency 频度副词conjunctive adverb 连接副词definite article定冠词indefinite article不定冠词coordinating conjunction 并列连词subordinating conjunction 从属连词syntax 句法declarative sentence 陈述句imperative sentence 祈使句exclamatory sentence 感叹句interrogative sentence 疑问句general question 一般疑问句special question 特殊疑问句alternative question 选择疑问句disjunctive question 反意疑问句simple sentence 简单句compound sentence 并列句complex sentence 复合句compound complex sentence并列复合句elliptical sentence省略句elements of the sentence 句子成分subject 主语predicate 谓语predicative 表语attribute 定语adverbial 状语modifier状语appositive 同位语independent element 独立成分limiting attribute 限定性定语descriptive attribute 描绘性定语simple predicate 简单谓语compound predicate 复合谓语direct object 直接宾语indirect object 间接宾语complex object 复合宾语cognate object 同源宾语direct address 呼语parenthesis 插入语appended element 附加成分inserted element 插入成分direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语absolute construction 独立结构phrase 短语participial phrase 分词短语prepositional phrase 介词短语infinitive phrase 不定式短语verb phrase 动词短语clause 从句main clause 主句subordinate clause 从句subject clause 主语从句object clause 宾语从句predicative clause 表语从句attributive clause 定语从句appositive clause 同位语从句adverbial clause 状语从句restrictive attributive clause 限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause 非限制性定语从句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序inversion 倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentence 句型的转换 analysis of sentence 句子分析punctuation marks 标点符号period 句号full stop 句号question mark 问号exclamation mark 感叹号comma 逗号semicolon 分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen 连字号quotation marks 引号parenthesis 括号apostrophe 撇号（所有号，重音号，省字号）。
英语语法术语中英文对照
词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。
英语语法术语的英文名称
选择疑问句 alternative 反义疑问句 disjunctive 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question
存在句 existential sentence
肯定句 positive sentence
基本句型 basic sentence pattern
否定句 negative sentence
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英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)
英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词cau sat ive verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of de gre e时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine 通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致a gre ement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语British English美国英语American English{"ContentID":1。
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英语语法术语的英文名称名词性从句：Nou n Clauses.语法grammar 句法syntax词法morphology 结构structure层次rank 句子sentence从句clause 词组phrase词类part of speech 单词word实词no ti onal word 虚词structural word单纯词simple word 派生词derivative复合词compound 词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun普通名词com mon noun 可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 扌由象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun 个体名词in dividual noun介词prepositi on 连词conjun cti on动词verb 主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses动态动词eve nt verb 静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective畐恫adverb 方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunet连接性副词conjunet 疑问畐U词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词dem on strative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 定冠词 definite article 数词 nu meral序数词 ordinal numeral 形式form复数形式plural form非限定动词 non-finite verb form 从句clause并列句 coord in ate clause 定语从句 attributive clause宾语从句 object clause 同位语从句 appositive clause地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of con cessi on 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of con diti on真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real con diti on 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal con diti on含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子 sentence并列句 compound sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 特殊疑问句 special question 附加疑问句tag question 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 存在句 existential sentence 基本句型 basic sentence pattern 祈使句 imperative sentence 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 主语 subject谓语 predicate 宾语 object双宾语 dual object冠词 article不定冠词 indefinite article 基数词 cardinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 单数形式 singular form 限定动词 finite verb form 原形 base form从属句 subord in ate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 状语从句 adverbial clause主语从句 subject clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time简单句 simple sentence 复合句 complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 一般疑问句 general question 选择疑问句 alter native questi on 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 肯定句 positive sentence 否定句 negative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 句子成分 members of sentences直接宾语direct object 间接宾语in direct object复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object补语compleme nt 主补subject complement宾补object compleme nt 表语predicative定语attribute 同位语appositive状语adverbial 句法关系syn tactic relati on ship 并歹U coord in ate 从属subord ination修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restrictio n双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数nu mber 单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格com mon case 所有格possessive case主格nomin ative case 宾格objective case性gender 阳性masculi ne阴性feminine 通性com mon中性n euter人称pers on第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future con ti nu ous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future con ti nu ous tense现在完成进行时prese nt perfect con ti nu ous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continu ous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定n egati on否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full in version咅B分倒装partial inversion直接弓I语direct speech间接弓I语in direct speech自由直接弓I语free direct speech自由间接引语free in direct speech致agreeme nt主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原贝U principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetitio n语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体in formal口语spoke n/oral En glish 套语formulistic expressi on 英国英语British English 美国英语American English 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。