英语得四大复合结构
复合结构
复合结构动名词复合结构:1.______the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement、A.The president will attend B、The president to attendC、The president attendedD、The president’s attending2.The discovery of new evidence led to_____、A.the thief having caught B、catch the thief C、the thief being caught D、the thief to be caught3.I can hardly imagine Peter_____across the Atlantic Ocean in five days、A.sail B、to sail C、sailing D、to have sailed4._____as the most excellent student in her university,as most classmates had expected,made her parents very happy、A.Mary was chosen B、Mary chosen C、Mary being chosen D、Mary’s being chosen5.I would appreciate____back this afternoon、A、you to callB、you callC、your callingD、you’re calling6、How about the two of us____a walk down the garden?A、to takeB、takeC、takingD、to be takingKeys:1-5 DCCDC 6-10 Bwith复合结构:1.The murder was brought in,with his hands_____behind his back、A.being tied B、having tied C、to be tied D、tied2.With a lot of problems_____,the newly-elected president is having a hard time、A.settled B、settling C、to settle D、Being settled3.I couldn’t do my homework with all the no ise_____、A.going B、goes on C、went on D、to go onKeys:1-5 DCA复合宾语:1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year、A.carry out B、carrying out C、carried out D、to carry out2.The missing boy was last seen_____near the East Lake、A,playing B、play C、played D、to playws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_____、A.worried B、to worry C、worrying D、worry4.You should understand the traffic rule by now、You’ve had it____often enough、A.explaining B、to explain C、explain D、explainedKeys:1-5 CAAD独立主格:1.I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_____in a year、A.follows B、followed C、to follow D、being followed2.With so many eyes_____on him,he was too nervous to speak、A.to fix B、fixing C、fixed D、being fixed3._____the light off,we could not go on with the work、A.Until B、As C、With D、Because4._____so short a time left before the deadline,I feel it impossible to get the work finished on time、A.With B、As C、For D、SinceKeys:1-5 CBCA。
英语四个构词法
英语四个构词法英语四个构词法为派生法、合成法、转换法和截短法。
一、派生法在一个词的词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀来产生新词,这种构词法称为派生法。
加在前面的词缀叫前缀,加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
(一)后缀:许多名词、形容词、副词和动词是由词根加后缀构成的。
1.构成名词的常用后缀有:(1)-er,-or,-ist,-ee,-ese,-ant等用于构成表示人或物的名称。
(2)-ance, -ence, -(a)tion, -sion, -ics, -ing, -ity, -ment, -ness, -th, -ty,-ure,-ship 等用于构成表示行为、性质、状态等抽象名词。
2. 构成形容词的常用后缀有:-able, -ible, -al, -ful, -less, -ish, -ive, -ous, -an, -ary, -en 等。
3. 构成副词的常用后缀有:-ly, -ward, -wise等。
4. 构成动词的常用后缀的有:-ise/ize, -en, -ify等。
(二)前缀:词根加前缀多数不改变词性,只引起词义的变化。
1. 表示相反意义的前缀有:un-, dis-, in-, im-, ir-, il-, de-等。
2. 表示其他意思的前缀有:re-(重新),mpost-(后的),fore-(先的)等。
二、合成法由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法称为合成法(compounding)。
合成词之间有的要用连字符连接,有的直接连接在一起。
三、转换法在词行不变的情况下,一个单词由一种词性转换成另一种词性,称为转换(conversion)。
转换后的词义与转换前的词义通常有密切的联系,但有时差异也很大。
有些双音节的词转换后,重音要发生变化。
通常名词重音在前,动词重音在后,有时读音也有不同。
四、截短法即将单词缩写,词义和词性保持不变,主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
英语复合结构语法知识系统归纳
复合结构概述英语复合结构是一种特殊的句子成分,它由两部分组成:第一部分是名词或代词,第二部分表示动作或者状态。
从逻辑上看,两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,很像句子的主语和谓语,但从结构上看却与句子中的主谓关系不同,区别在于复合结构的第二部分不是谓语形式,而是由动词的非谓语形式及其他词类或介词短语、从句组成的短语。
复合结构的作用相当于一个简化了的从句,它在句子中可起主语、宾语、表语、定语、和状语等作用。
分类1、动名词复合结构物主代词(或所有格名词、宾格代词、名词) + 动名词1.1作主语His/He coming home late worries his mother.John's /John coming here will get us out of trouble.1.2作动词或短语动词的宾语I don’t remember him/his giving me that book.Her parents insisted on her studying medicine.1.3作介词宾语I don’t like the idea of o ur living here.I knew nothing about the window being open.He left the city without our knowing it.1.4 作表语What is most important is Tom’s going there at once.The main trouble is their not having enough money.2. 动词不定式的复合结构for+ 名词(或宾格代词)+ 动词不定式2.1. 作主语:It is difficult for him to write letters in English.2.2. 作宾语:I think it better for you to go now. 我想你现在去更好。
高考中的常用复合结构
高考中的常用复合结构一、动词复合宾语1、结构形式:动词+宾语+宾语补足语2、宾语补足语的词性可变化,如:His speech made us laugh. (不定式)When she woke up, she found herself in hospital. (介词短语)I want the house painted white. (分词)Don’t keep the lights on all the night. (副词。
这类副词还有:here, there, home, back, off, away, out, in, up, down等)We consider him one of our best friends. (名词)We found the movie wonderful. (形容词)3、能够接复合宾语的动词大致可分为三类:感官类,如:see, notice, watch, observe, hear, feel 等意识类,如:believe, think, suppose, consider, wish 等使动类,如:keep, leave; make, have, let 等4、结合高考在高考试题中,主要集中在对补语的考查上,并且补语部分多为动词。
1)、Ving作补足语(与宾语体现主动进行关系)①、Don‘t leave the water _____while you brush your teeth . 【2004天津】A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run②、I looked up and noticed a snake______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.【2012四川】A.to windB. windC. windingD. wound③、I smell something _____ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?【2007年全国一】A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt④、He looked around and caught a man ____his hand into the pocket of a passenger.【2004北京春】A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting答案:BCAD解题方法:用Ving作补足语,补语部分的动词和宾语之间为主动关系,并且语境中体现该动作正在发生。
英语中句子结构类型
英语中的句子结构大致可以分为简单句、复合句、复杂句和复合复杂句四种类型。
具体如下:
1. 简单句(Simple Sentence):简单句是最基本的句子结构,通常包含一个主语和一个谓语,有时还会有宾语或补语。
根据动词的类型,简单句可以进一步分为以下几种结构:- S+V(主语+谓语):这种结构中的谓语通常是不及物动词,能够单独表达完整的意思。
- S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语):当谓语是及物动词时,需要一个宾语来完成意义。
-S+V+C(主语+谓语+补语):某些动词后面需要跟一个补语来说明主语的状态或者宾语的情况。
2. 复合句(Compound Sentence):复合句是由两个或多个简单句通过并列连词(如and, but, or)连接而成的句子。
每个部分都保持独立性,可以单独成句。
3. 复杂句(Complex Sentence):复杂句由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
从句不能独立存在,它依赖于主句,可以是名词从句、形容词从句或副词从句等。
4. 复合复杂句(Compound Complex Sentence):复合复杂句结合了复合句和复杂句的特点,既包含有并列的简单句,又包含有一个或多个从句。
掌握这些基本的句子结构对于学习英语至关重要,因为它们是理解和构建英语语句的基础。
此外,了解这些结构有助于提高阅读理解能力、写作技巧和口语表达能力。
在学习过程中,可以通过大量的阅读和练习来加深对这些句子结构的理解和应用。
英语中的几个复合结构
英语中的几个复合结构武功县观音堂中学高增敏1. 独立主格结构一、概念:“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能:“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。
众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。
而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。
其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。
如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。
三、形式:独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。
按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。
四、举例:1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做,他们离开了。
(代词+-ing; 表原因)2、Miss Wang e into the classroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(无动词结构;表伴随)3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。
(名词+-ed; 表状态)4、Class over, we began to play basketball.放学了,我们开始玩篮球。
(名词+副词;表时间)5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。
(介词结构;表伴随)6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会开始了。
英语复合结构
一、英语复合结构1、概述英语复合结构是一种特殊的句子成分,它由两部分组成:第一部分是名词或代词,第二部分表示动作或者状态。
从逻辑上看,两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,很像句子的主语和谓语,但从结构上看却与句子中的主谓关系不同,区别在于复合结构的第二部分不是谓语形式,而是由动词的非谓语形式及其他词类或介词短语、从句组成的短语。
英语复合结构包括:动名词复合结构、分词复合结构和不定式复合结构。
2、动名词复合结构(1) 结构形式:①形容词性物主代词+动名词;②名词's+动名词;③代词宾格+动名词;④名词+动名词。
(2) 功能★作主语His/He coming home late worries his other.John s /John coming here will get us out of trouble.约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。
★作动词或短语动词的宾语I don’t remember him/his giving me that book.Her parents insisted on her studying medicine. 她父母坚持要她学医。
★作介词宾语I don’t like the idea of our living here. 我不愿意我们住在这里。
I knew nothing about the window being open.我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。
He left the city without our knowing it 他离开城市我们大家都不知道。
.★作表语What is most important is Tom’s going there at once.The main trouble is their not having enough money.His being late again made the teacher angry. (他迟到)Would you mind my / me smoking here? (我抽烟)动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。
英语复合结构
一、英语复合结构1、概述??英语复合结构是一种特殊的句子成分,它由两部分组成:第一部分是名词或代词,第二部分表示动作或者状态。
从逻辑上看,两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,很像句子的主语和谓语,但从结构上看却与句子中的主谓关系不同,区别在于复合结构的第二部分不是谓语形式,而是由动词的非谓语形式及其他词类或介词短语、从句组成的短语。
英语复合结构包括:动名词复合结构、分词复合结构和不定式复合结构。
2、动名词复合结构(1)?结构形式:①形容词性物主代词+动名词;②名词's+动名词;③代词宾格+动名词;④名词+动名词。
? (2)?功能★?作主语? ?His/He coming home late worries his other.? ?John s /John coming here will get us out of trouble.约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。
★?作动词或短语动词的宾语? ? I don’t remember him/his giving me that book.??? ? Her parents insisted on her studying medicine.?她父母坚持要她学医。
★?作介词宾语?? I don’t like the idea of our living here.?我不愿意我们住在这里。
? ?I knew nothing about the window being open.我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。
? ?He left the city without our knowing it?他离开城市我们大家都不知道。
.?★?作表语?? What is most important is Tom’s going there at once.?? The main trouble is their not having enough money.?? ?His being late again made the teacher angry.?(他迟到)?? Would you mind my / me smoking here? (我抽烟)?动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。
复合结构
复合结构一.定义结构二.不定式的复合结构三.动名词的复合结构四.独立主格五.复合宾语with的复合结构【大展身手】动名词复合结构:1.______the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A.The president will attendB.The president to attendC.The president attendedD.The president’s attending2.The discovery of new evidence led to_____.A.the thief having caughtB.catch the thiefC.the thief being caughtD.the thief to be caught3.I can hardly imagine Peter_____across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sailB.to sailC.sailingD.to have sailed4._____as the most excellent student in her university,as most classmates had expected,made her parents very happy.A.Mary was chosenB.Mary chosenC.Mary being c hosenD.Mary’s being chosen5.I would appreciate____back this afternoon.A.you to callB.you callC.your callingD.you’re calling6.How about the two of us____a walk down the garden?A.to takeB.takeC.takingD.to be takingKeys:1-5 DCCDC 6-10 Bwith复合结构:1.The murder was brought in,with his hands_____behind his back.A.being tiedB.having tiedC.to be tiedD.tied2.With a lot of problems_____,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD. Being settled3.I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise_____.A.goingB.goes onC.went onD. to go onKeys:1-5 DCA复合宾语:1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out2.The missing boy was last seen_____near the East Lake.A,playing B.play C.played D.to playws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_____.A.worriedB.to worryC.worryingD.worry4.You should understand the traffic rule by now.You’ve had it____often enough.A.explainingB.to explainC.explainD.explainedKeys:1-5 CAAD独立主格:1.I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_____in a year.A.followsB.followedC.to followD.being followed2.With so many eyes_____on him,he was too nervous to speak.A.to fixB.fixingC.fixedD.being fixed3._____the light off,we could not go on with the work.A.UntilB.AsC.WithD.Because4._____so short a time left before the deadline,I feel it impossible to get the work finished on time.A.WithB.AsC.ForD.SinceKeys:1-5 CBCA。
复合结构
复合结构一.定义结构二.不定式的复合结构三.动名词的复合结构四.独立主格五.复合宾语with的复合结构【大展身手】动名词复合结构:1.______the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A.The president will attend president to attendpresident attended president’s attending2.The discovery of new evidence led to_____.A.the thief having caught the thief thief being caught thief to be caught3.I can hardly imagine Peter_____across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sail sail have sailed4._____as the most excellent student in her university,as most classmates had expected,made her parents very happy.A.Mary was chosen chosen being chosen ’s being chosen5.I would appreciate____back this afternoon.to call c all calling ’re callingabout the two of us____a walk down the gardentake be takingKeys:1-5 DCCDC 6-10 Bwith复合结构:1.The murder was brought in,with his hands_____behind his back.A.being tied tied be tied2.With a lot of problems_____,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled settle D. Being settled3.I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise_____.A.going on on D. to go onKeys:1-5 DCA复合宾语:1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year.A.carry out out out carry out2.The missing boy was last seen_____near the East Lake.A,playing playws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_____.A.worried worry4.You shoul d understand the traffic rule by ’ve had it____often enough.A.explaining explainKeys:1-5 CAAD独立主格:1.I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_____in a year.A.follows follow followed2.With so many eyes_____on him,he was too nervous to speak.A.to fix fixed3._____the light off,we could not go on with the work.A.Until4._____so short a time left before the deadline,I feel it impossible to get the work finished on time.A.WithKeys:1-5 CBCA。
英语中的几个复合结构
英语中的几个复合结构武功县观音堂中学高增敏1. 独立主格结构一、概念:“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能:“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。
众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。
而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。
其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。
如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。
三、形式:独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。
按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。
四、举例:1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做,他们离开了。
(代词+-ing; 表原因)2、Miss Wang come into the classroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(无动词结构;表伴随)3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。
(名词+-ed; 表状态)4、Class over, we began to play basketball.放学了,我们开始玩篮球。
(名词+副词;表时间)5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。
(介词结构;表伴随)6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会开始了。
英语中的几个复合结构
英语中的几个复合结构武功县观音堂中学高增敏1. 独立主格结构一、概念:“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能:“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。
众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。
而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。
其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。
如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。
三、形式:独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。
按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。
四、举例:1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做,他们离开了。
(代词+-ing; 表原因)2、Miss Wang e into the classroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(无动词结构;表伴随)3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。
(名词+-ed; 表状态)4、Class over, we began to play basketball.放学了,我们开始玩篮球。
(名词+副词;表时间)5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。
(介词结构;表伴随)6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会开始了。
复合结构
精心整理英语的四大复合结构英语的复合结构由两个部分组成:一个部分表示人或者物,另一个部分表示动作或者状态。
两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,就是第一部分的人或物是第二部分动作的执行者或承受者,或者,第二部分所表示的状态就是第一部分所表示的人或物所处的状态。
例如:WethinkagoodknowledgeofEnglishasnecessaryasanexcellentabilitytocommunicateintheworkofaforeignaff airsofficial.(英语必不可少)Withsteppingstonesalongtheroad,youdon ’thavetowalkinthemud.(沿路的是石头)1. 动词不定式的复合机构:forsbtodosthPleasefindsomeworkforthechildrentodo.(孩子们做工作)2. ① ② 名词Jack ’③ 代词④ 名词 Thegateoftheparkisguardedbyanoldman.无论作主语还是谓语,动名词的复合结构实际上是给动名词加了个逻辑主语.动名词复合结构的功能1)作主语His/Hecominghomelateworrieshisother.John’s/Johncomingherewillgetusoutoftrouble.约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。
2)作动词或短语动词的宾语Idon ’trememberhim/hisgivingmethatbook.我记得他给过我那本书。
Doyoumindmysmoking?我抽烟你介意吗?Herparentsinsistedonherstudyingmedicine.她父母坚持要她学医。
Haveyouheardofmysister’swinningthecontest?我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗?[在上述例句中,动名词前的逻辑主语与句子主语不同。
英语单词的构成:独立单词+合成词(复合词+派生词)
英语单词的构成:独立单词+合成词(复合词+派生词)英语单词的构成:独立单词+合成词(复合词 +派生词)合成词:一般加上连字符“-”,在不引起歧义的情况下,将其省略。
复合词:两个或两个以上独立的词在一起出现,构成一个复合词。
派生词:派生词,是英语主要的构词法。
这方法是借前缀或后缀之助,制造出派生词,主要有名词、形容词和动词三种。
复合词一、复合名词:复合名词在英语中占有很大的数量,通常在句中作主语、宾语;偶尔也可用作定语,但表示的不是该名词的特点,而是该名词的用途。
常见的有以下几种类型:A.“名词+名词”。
例如:1)football 足球 2) classroom教室 3)housework 家务活 4)doorbell 门铃5)pencil-box 铅笔盒B.“名词+动词 -ing ”。
例如:1)handwriting 书法 2)sun-bathing日光浴 3)bookkeeping 笔记 4)letter-writing书信 5)watchmaking 钟表制造业C.“动词 -ing +名词”。
动词 -ing 形式在这类复合词中起定语的作用,它与后面名词的关系有两种情况:a.在逻辑上有主谓关系,并用来表示所修饰的名词的特征。
这时动词 -ing 是现在分词。
例如:1)working people 劳动人民2)running water 流水3)flying fish 飞鱼b.在逻辑上没有主谓关系,这时动词 -ing 是动名词。
例如:1)sitting-room 起居室2)reading-room 阅览室3)sleeping-pills 安眠药 4)building material 建筑材料 5) dining car 餐车D.“动词+名词”。
例如:1)pickpocket 扒手2)breakwater 防浪堤3)playground 操场 4)workplace 车间5)driftwood 浮木E.“形容词+名词”。
英语中的几个复合结构
英语中的几个复合结构武功县观音堂中学高增敏1. 独立主格结构一、概念:“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能:“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。
众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。
而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。
其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。
如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。
三、形式:独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。
按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。
四、举例:1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做,他们离开了。
(代词+-ing; 表原因)2、Miss Wang come into the classroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(无动词结构;表伴随)3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。
(名词+-ed; 表状态)4、Class over, we began to play basketball.放学了,我们开始玩篮球。
(名词+副词;表时间)5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。
(介词结构;表伴随)6、The last guest to arrive, our party was started.最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会开始了。
英语中的几个复合结构
英语中的几个复合结构-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语中的几个复合结构武功县观音堂中学高增敏1. 独立主格结构一、概念:“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能:“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定状语从句。
众所周知非限定性从句通常以主句的某一成分作为自己的逻辑主语,从而依附于主句。
而有些非限定性从句和无动词从句带有自己的主语,在结构上与主句不发生关系,因此成为独立主格结构。
其实,虽然叫做独立主格结构,并不是真正的独立,它还是一种从属分句,在句中有多种作用。
如:表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等,在句中通常起状语作用。
三、形式:独立主格结构在形式上有两部分组成:第一部分有名词或代词担任,第二部分由分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语担任。
按其结构形式分为:—ing 分词独立主格结构;—ed分词独立主格结构;无动词独立主格结构等。
四、举例:1、There being nothing else to do, they gone away.由于无事可做,他们离开了。
(代词+-ing; 表原因)2、Miss Wang come into the classroom, books in hand.王老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(无动词结构;表伴随)3、The old man sat in his chair, his eyes closed.老人坐在椅子上,闭着眼睛。
(名词+-ed; 表状态)4、Class over, we began to play basketball.放学了,我们开始玩篮球。
(名词+副词;表时间)5、Without a word more spoken, he picked up the paper.没再多说一个字,他拾起那张纸。
复合结构
复合结构一.定义结构二.不定式的复合结构三.动名词的复合结构四.独立主格五.复合宾语with的复合结构【大展身手】动名词复合结构:1.______the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A.The president will attendB.The president to attendC.The president attendedD.The president’s attending2.The discovery of new evidence led to_____.A.the thief having caughtB.catch the thiefC.the thief being caughtD.the thief to be caught3.I can hardly imagine Peter_____across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sailB.to sailC.sailingD.to have sailed4._____as the most excellent student in her university,as most classmates had expected,made her parents very happy.A.Mary was chosenB.Mary chosenC.Mary being c hosenD.Mary’s being chosen5.I would appreciate____back this afternoon.A.you to callB.you callC.your callingD.you’re calling6.How about the two of us____a walk down the garden?A.to takeB.takeC.takingD.to be takingKeys:1-5 DCCDC 6-10 Bwith复合结构:1.The murder was brought in,with his hands_____behind his back.A.being tiedB.having tiedC.to be tiedD.tied2.With a lot of problems_____,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD. Being settled3.I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise_____.A.goingB.goes onC.went onD. to go onKeys:1-5 DCA复合宾语:1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out2.The missing boy was last seen_____near the East Lake.A,playing B.play C.played D.to playws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_____.A.worriedB.to worryC.worryingD.worry4.You should understand the traffic rule by now.You’ve had it____often enough.A.explainingB.to explainC.explainD.explainedKeys:1-5 CAAD独立主格:1.I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_____in a year.A.followsB.followedC.to followD.being followed2.With so many eyes_____on him,he was too nervous to speak.A.to fixB.fixingC.fixedD.being fixed3._____the light off,we could not go on with the work.A.UntilB.AsC.WithD.Because4._____so short a time left before the deadline,I feel it impossible to get the work finished on time.A.WithB.AsC.ForD.SinceKeys:1-5 CBCA。
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英语得四大复合结构英语得复合结构由两个部分组成:一个部分表示人或者物,另一个部分表示动作或者状态。
两个部分之间存在逻辑上得主谓关系,就就是第一部分得人或物就是第二部分动作得执行者或承受者,或者,第二部分所表示得状态就就是第一部分所表示得人或物所处得状态。
例如: We think a good knowledge of English as necessary as an excellent ability to municate in the work of a foreign affairs official、(英语必不可少)With stepping stones along the road, you don’t have to walk in the mud、(沿路得就是石头) 1.动词不定式得复合机构:for sb to do sthPlease find some work for the children to do、(孩子们做工作)The book is too difficult for me to read, (我读不懂)2.动名词得复合结构:sb’s / sb doing sth动名词得复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动名词Do you mind my leaving now?I had not heart of your being ill、形容词性物主代词:指得就是可以修饰名词得物主代词:your my her his its their补充:名词性物主代词:指得就是充当名词成分得物主代词如mine yours hers his its theirs②名词’s +动名词Jack’s not getting to the station on time made all of us angryDo you mind Jack’s leaving now?I insisted Mary’s going there、③代词+动名词Do you mind me leaving now?In fact, I think it’s very much nicer without him, if you don’t mind me saying so④名词+动名词Do you mind Jack leaving now?动名词得复合结构可在句中作主语、宾语。
但作主语时不能用③代词+动名词、④名词+动名词;Him arriving amazed me 、/ Mary crying makes me confused、×(错误)无生命动词不能用②名词’s +动名词补充:英语中很多名词可加’s 表示所有关系,此形式较名词得所有格、名词所有格主要用于表示人得名词。
She is my wife’s cousin、一般要表示无生命或动植物得所有关系常用of 结构:The gate of the park is guarded by an old man、无论作主语还就是谓语,动名词得复合结构实际上就是给动名词加了个逻辑主语、动名词复合结构得功能1) 作主语His/He ing home late worries his other、John’s /John ing here will get us out of trouble、约翰得到来将会使我们脱离困境。
2) 作动词或短语动词得宾语I don’t remember him/his giving m e that book、我记得她给过我那本书。
Do you mind my smoking?我抽烟您介意吗?Her parents insisted on her studying medicine、她父母坚持要她学医。
Have you heard of my sister’s winning the contest? 我妹妹在竞赛中获胜得事您听说了吗?[在上述例句中,动名词前得逻辑主语与句子主语不同。
如果主语相同,则不用逻辑主语,只用动名词。
试比较:I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time、(NMET’94)3) 作介词宾语I don’t like the idea of our living here、我不愿意我们住在这里。
I knew nothing about the window being open、我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。
He left the city without our knowing it 她离开城市我们大家都不知道。
、4) 作表语What is most important is Tom’s going there at once、The main trouble is their not having enough money、3、独立主格结构(主格名词或代词+补足成分)独立主格结构(the absolute structure)就是由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成得一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子,而不就是一个词或词组。
独立主格结构中得名词或代词与其后得分词或分词短语构成逻辑上得主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上得联系,独立主格结构得位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
需特别注意得就是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
(一): 独立主格结构得构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
(二) 独立主格结构得特点:1)独立主格结构得逻辑主语与句子得主语不同,它独立存在。
2)名词或代词与后面得分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等就是主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
举例:The test finished, we began our holiday、= When the test was finished, we began our holiday、The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow、= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow、Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow、This done, we went home、The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier、He came into the room, his ears red with cold、The work finished, we stopped for a drink、(分词)She looked angrily at the pretty girl, her face white and her eyes green、(形容词)Sword in hand, the man came at me、(介词短语)4、with 得复合结构该结构由“名词(代词)+过去与现在分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语”构成①作方式或伴随状语,位于句末Do not talk with your mouth fullThe teacher entered the classroom ,with a book in her hand =the teacher entered the classroom and she had a book in her hand②作时间状语位于句首或句末With his homework finished, he went to see a film、=after his work finished, he went to see a film The room is very bright with all the lights on③作原因状语位于句首或句末I can not go out ,with a lot of homework to do=I can not go out because of a lot of homework to do④用作条件状语With Mary to help me, I can do it better=if Mary help me , I can do it betterWith time permitting, we will visit the Great Wall、⑤用作定语,位于被修饰词后I like to live in the house with its windows facing the sedThere are rows of white house ,with trees in front the sea、5、复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)His speech made us laugh、(不定式)When she woke up, she found herself in hospital、(介词短语)I want the house painted white、(分词)Don’t keep the lights on all the night、(副词这类副词还有:here, there, home, back, off, away, out, in, up, down等)We consider him one of our best friends、(名词)We found the movie wonderful、(形容词)能够接复合宾语得动词可分为三类:(1)、感官类,如:see, notice, watch, observe, hear, feel 等(2)、意识类,如:believe, think, suppose, consider, wish 等(3)、使动类,如:keep, leave; make, have, let 等。