2015考研英语大纲附录1、2后缀常用词汇.doc

常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词

一、常用的前缀和后缀

1、常用前缀

aero-：concerning the air of aircraft

plane-aeroplane 飞机

space-aerospace 航空空间

anti-：against；opposite of

nuclear-antinuclear 反对核武器的

matter-antimatter反物质

war-antiwar反战的

auto-：of or by oneself

biography传记–autobiography自传

criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省

be-：to treat as the stated thing

friend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾

little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低

bi-：two；twice；double

lingual-bilingual 双语的；人

cycle-bicycle

bio-：concerning living things

chemistry-biochemistry生化

sphere-biosphere 生物圈

by-，bye-：less important

produce-by-produce

way-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门

centi-：hundredth part

grade-centigrade ˈ摄氏meter-centimeter 厘米

co-：together，with

author-coauthor合著者，合著

exist-coexist 同时共存、和平共处

col-：( used before l ) together，with

location-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配

com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with passion-compassion 怜悯、同情

con-：together，with

centric-concentric同一中心的、同轴

federation-confederation结盟同盟，联邦

contra-：opposite

diction-contradiction 矛盾、否定反驳

natural-contranatural违背自然的

cor-：( used before r ) together，with

relate-correlate 有相关性

respond-correspond 相符合相一致，相当类似通信counter-：opposite

act-counteract 对抗、抵消

attack-counterattack 反攻、反击

cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them

country-crosscountry越野的

breed-crossbreed杂种，使杂交de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce code-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号

value-devalue 贬值，贬低

dis-：not；the opposite of

advantage-disadvantage 不利、劣势、短处

agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合

honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实

em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to become body-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含

power-empower 授权、准许

en-：to cause to become；to make

danger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险

large-enlarge 扩大、扩充放大

ex-：former ( and still living )

minister-ex-minister v辅助; 服侍,部长

wife-ex-wife 前妻

extra-：outside；beyond

curricular-extracurricular 学校课程以外的

ordinary-extraordinary 奇怪；特别；额外，临时fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front

arm-forearm前臂，预先武装

warn-forewarn 预先警告；事先告知

il-：( used before l ) not

legal-illegal 非法literate-illiterate 目不识丁、文盲的im-：( used before b，m，p ) not

moral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的

possible-impossible 不可能、办不到的；很难接受

in-：not

direct-indirect 间接地，婉转的

sensitive-insensitive 感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木infra-：below in a range；beyond

red-infrared 红外线的

structure—infrastructure 基础设施，基础结构

inter-：between；among

change—interchange 互换、互易；交替变换national—international 国际的

intra-：inside，within；into

city—intracity市内的

department--intra-department

ir-：（used before r）not

regular—irregular 不对称、不规则的；不定期的responsible—irresponsible 不负责

kilo-：thousand

gram—kilogram千克meter--kilometer千米macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather than

particular parts of economics—macroeconomics 宏观经济学structure—macrostructure宏观结构

mal-：bad or badly

function—malfunction 故障，障碍

treat—maltreat 虐待、滥用