初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义
初中被动语态ppt课件完整版
错误示例
He has finished his homework yesterday.
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错误分析
助动词“has”与过去时间状语 “yesterday”不符，应使用一
般过去时的被动语态“was finished”。
纠正方法
注意助动词与谓语动词的搭配， 以及助动词与主语在数和时态上 的一致性。同时，根据句子意思
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改写句：The classroom was
cleaned by somebody yesterday.
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06
总结回顾与拓展延伸
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关键知识点总结回顾
被动语态的基本构成
be动词+动词的过去分词
被动语态的时态变化
根据句子中的时间状语或上下文判断 时态，选择相应的be动词形式
选择题专项训练
答案
C
解析
根据last year可知句子为一般过去时，主语The book与谓语动词write为被动关系，故用一般过去时 的被动语态was written，故选C。
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选择题专项训练
选择题二
题目：The flowers _______ often.
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初中被动语态ppt课件完整 版Biblioteka 2024/1/261
目录
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• 被动语态基本概念与构成 • 被动语态时态变化规则 • 特殊类型句子中被动语态应用 • 典型错误分析与纠正方法 • 练习题精选与详解 • 总结回顾与拓展延伸
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被动语态基本概念与 构成
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被动语态讲义
被动语态讲义
一、被动语态的结构
被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“b e+d o n e”。
在不同的时态中,b e动词有不同的形式。
二、常用被动语态的情况
1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
T h i s w a t c h i s m a d e i n C h i n a.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
M a n y t r e e s m u s t b e p l a n t e d e ve r y y e a r.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
C h i n e s e i s s p o ke n b y m o r e a n d m o r e p e o p l e i n t h e w o r l d.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
(强调汉语的广泛使用)
4.动作的发出者是物。
M a n y h o u s e s w e r e w a s h e d a w a y b y t h e f l o o d.许多房子被洪水冲走了。
三、不同时态的被动语态
1.时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。
四、含有情态动词的被动语态
结构为“情态动词+b e+d o n e”。
Y o u r h o m e w o r k m u s t b e f i n i s h e d t o d a y.你的作业今天必须完成。
中考英语语法复习被动语态语法专项讲义
被动语态一、语态分类英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。
所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被 ”、“由”的句式。
二、被动语态的结构“被动语态”的构成是：be+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）例：His bicycle was stolen .他的自行车被偷。
The building has been built in 2000.那个大楼 2000 年就被建筑了。
三、常用被动语态的用法及构成四、主动语态变被动语态的方法类别构成例句一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are + 过去分词 He is loved by all his pupils. 一般过去时的被动语态was/were + 过去分词Many trees were planted last year.一般将来时的被动语态will/shall/be going to + be + 过 去分词 Children will be taken good care of by her现在完成时的被动语态have/has + been + 过去分词 The door has been painted. 含情态动词的被动语态can/must/should + be 过去分词The problem must be solved soon.转换图示:宾语变主语/ be+过去分词/主语变为by 五、使用被动语态的情况(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。
例： Rice is grown in the south of China.(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者。
例：Smoking isn't allowed in the gas station.(3)需要强调和突出动作的承受着。
主动语态: They planted a tree.被动语态: 主语谓语宾语A trefe^was Plantedbbthem.彳列：Your work must be finished today.(4)句子的主语时物。
最新初中被动语态讲解课件教学讲义ppt
• They built the tall building last year.
The tall building was built by them last year.
• He took good care of his little brother yesterday.
The rooms were used for resting by them.
3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：
be going to be/will be+过去分词
1.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished by them in ten days.
2.You should drink more water.
More water should be drunk by you.
1.He can take care of the baby.
The baby can be taken care of by him.
2.Lucy may draw the pictures.
(被动语态)
被动语态的用法
（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者 时
Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。
（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。
The cup was broken by David.
（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型
TV is being watched by him.
6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构
被动语态讲义
被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
二、被动语态的构成1、被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。
（1）.一般现在时is\am\are+P.P(过去分词)（2）.一般过去时w as\were+P.P（3）.一般将来时w ill be+P.P（4）.过去将来时would be+P.P（5）.现在进行时is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P（6）.过去进行时w as\were+being(固定不变)+P.P（7）.现在完成时have\has been+P.P（8）.过去完成时had been+P.P2、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。
如：This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。
Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了。
三、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。
初中英语被动语态课件(共26张PPT)
A diary will be written (by us) next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.
A birthday party
is going to held by Tom
被动语态之我见
1
语态的定义谓语除了注意时态以外， 语态也是谓语的必要形式。在英 语的句子运用中，谓语的时态和 语态是共同构成了谓语的形态。
语态包括：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动词的执行者， 或者说动作是主语的完成者。被 动语态：主语是动作的承受者， 或者说动作不是由主语而是由其 他人完成的。
________________________________________
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情型5情型5：5现在完成时的被动语态5情 型
has /have +been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim.
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We have finished our compositions. _________________________ We have made a key． ________________________ She has lost her house. ______________________ My classmates have cleaned the library ——————————————————
Football is played all over the world by people .
九年级英语被动语态详解PPT课件
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的 承受者。如：
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语
宾语
（2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a
teacher. 2. 一般过去时：
They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.
was / were +given
一般将来时：
shall / will + given
一般过去将来时：
初三的英语被动语态详细讲解PPT课件
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
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四.各种时态的被动语态构成
1.一般现在时：
S+am/is /are +过去分词
2.一般过去时：
S+was/were +过去分词.
3. 情态动词： 4.现在完成时
S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词. S+ have/has + been+过去分词.
Three thieves were caught by the policemen last night .
7 . I didn’t buy a dictionary .
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9 . He will study English well .
English will be studied well by him .
一.被动语态基本用法
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语 的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动 作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被 动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时
态通过be表现出来。
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二.被动语态的结构:
be + 过去分词 （ 及物动词 ）
被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式 . 汉语中往往用
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3．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
初中被动语态语法讲解-课堂教案
初中被动语态语法讲解-课堂教案第一章：被动语态概述1.1 被动语态的定义被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要时态，用来表示主语是动作的接受者。
被动语态的构成：助动词be + 过去分词。
1.2 被动语态的用途强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
使句子更加客观。
第二章：被动语态的构成2.1 被动语态的构成规则动词的过去分词形式：根据动词的规则变化，如“do”变成“done”，“eat”变成“eaten”。
含有不规则过去分词的动词：如“go”变成“gone”，“be”变成“been”。
2.2 助动词be的选用根据主语的人称和数选择适当的be动词，如am, is, are。
第三章：被动语态的时态变化3.1 一般现在时被动语态构成：am/is/are + 过去分词。
例如：The book is written him.3.2 一般过去时被动语态构成：was/were + 过去分词。
例如：The window was broken him.3.3 一般将来时被动语态构成：will be + 过去分词。
例如：The report will be written him.第四章：被动语态的注意事项4.1 主动语态与被动语态的转换例如：Active: He writes the book. Passive: The book is written him.4.2 被动语态中的介词有些介词在被动语态中需要放在助动词和过去分词之间，如“”，“with”，“without”。
第五章：被动语态的练习5.1 填空练习例如：The letter (1) him yesterday. (答案：was written)5.2 改写句子例如：Active: He is reading a book. Passive: A book is being read him. 第六章：被动语态与宾语补足语6.1 宾语补足语的概念宾语补足语用于主动语态中，用来补充宾语的状态或动作。
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态1. 什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语的一种语法形式，表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作执行者的语态。
被动语态的组成方式为：be动词 + 过去分词。
举个例子：主动语态：The cat ate the fish. （猫吃了鱼。
）被动语态：The fish was eaten by the cat. （鱼被猫吃了。
）2. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成方式如下：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词3. 被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：- 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
- 当强调动作的承受者时。
- 当动作的执行者是显而易见的时。
举个例子：When were you born? （你什么时候出生的？）→ When was he born？（他什么时候出生的？）The book was written by her. （这本书是她写的。
）The cake was made by my mother. （这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）4. 注意事项在考虑是否使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：- 主动语态比被动语态更加直接和生动。
- 使用被动语态时，需要确保句子的主语是动作的承受者。
- 需要适当地使用被动语态，不要过度使用。
5. 练题将下列主动语态改写为被动语态。
1. The teacher explains the grammar rules.3. We have finished the homework.4. The children are painting the wall.答案：1. The grammar rules are explained by the teacher.3. The homework has been finished by us.4. The wall is being painted by the children.。
被动语态的学习讲义
被动语态的学习讲义(1)一般结构be+过去分词还有一些主动形式表示被动意思的need diong(初中就这个) 这种形式我们宁波的中考就不要求掌握的(2)感官动词用主动形式表示被动(比如feel taste 等等)(3)被动语态中的过去分词一定是及物动词因为要把原来的宾语做主语说明宾语是一定有的如果是不及物动词的话有些词能够用主动形式表示被动,有些没有被动特别要注意happen这个词经常考到的它没有被动形式的用法也和中文有差别最好仔细去看看语法书(I)被动语态的概念语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，如：People grew rice in this area some years ago.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，如：A new swimming pool will be built on our school.(II)被动语态的构成语法学习纲要由江苏省靖江高级中学外语组为英语猫网站编写被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。
各种时态的被动语态形式如下：1.一般现在时am/is/are+V(p.p)人们利用电能运转机器。
People use electricity to run machines. Electricity is used to run machines.Is electricity used to run machines? Yes, it is . / No, it isn’t.2.一般过去时was/were + V(p.p)昨天我们在山坡上种了很多树。
We planted many trees on the hill yesterday.Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not.3.一般将来时will/shall +be+V(p.p)下星期我们将举行一场运动会。
一般现在时的被动语态讲义人教版九年级英语全册
九年级一般现在时的被动语态班级_______________ 姓名：____________一.英语有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被字句The monkey beats Bajie. （主动语态）猴子打八戒。
Bajie is beaten by the monkey.（被动语态）八戒被猴子打。
二.“被动语态”的构成:be + 过去分词(done) + (by+动作执行者)1.被动语态的时态通过be 的变化表示的2.一般现在时的被动语态:肯定句：主语+ am/is/are + done (过去分词) + (by+动作执行者)否定句：主语+am/is/are + not + done (过去分词) + (by+动作执行者). (be 后加not)疑问句：Am/Is/Are+ 主语+ done (过去分词) + (by+动作执行者) ? (将be 动词提到主语前) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ am/is/are + 主语+ done (过去分词) + (by+动作执行者) ?《练一练》1. My friend sends some nice presents to the poor children.(改为被动语态)肯定: Some nice presents ____ _______ to the poor children ______ my friend.否定: Some nice presents ____ _______ to the poor children ______ my friend.一般疑问句: ______ Some nice presents _______ to the poor children ______ my friend ?特殊疑间句: ________ _____ sent to the poor children ____ my friend?(2)The girls sing the song after class.肯定:否定：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句：(3)People grow rice in the south of China. (变为被动)三.练习（一）、单项选择1. In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors________ to get closer to pandasA. allowB. allowedC. are allowingD. are allowed2.Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes aloneNeither are we. After all, safety must e first.A.allowB. don't allowC. aren't allowed3.Chinese ______ _ by more and more people in the world.A. speak.B. speaksC. is speakingD. is spoken4.Mum, could l watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight?Of course, if your homework ___________.A.finishesB. finishedC. was finishedD. is finished5.Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother's Day every year 一How creative!A. is sendingB. are sendingC. is sentD. are sent6. Mmm...Delicious.What is it?It__________ zongzi, Tony. I t’s a traditional food in ChinaA.callsB. is calledC. calledD. was called7.If I ______to the costume party,I will dress up as a Spider ManA. inviteB. am invitedC. will be invited8.Your classroom looks so clean and tidy.Yes, it ____ every day.A.cleansB. cleanedC. is cleaned9.I won't make the same mistake if l______a second chance.A.will be givenB. am givenC. will giveD. was given10. More and more trees ________ in our neighborhood every year to make the environment greener.A. plantB. will plantC. are plantedD. will be planted（二). 用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Why are you so unhappy?Because l am always ________ (pare) with other children by my parents. They don't think I work as hard as others.2.Every year, many trees _____________(plant) in Gansu province on Tree Planting Day.3.It is _______ that laughter can reduce the effects of pain on the body. (say).4.We'll have a school play on the Open Day. All the parents are _______ (invite) to watch it.5.The letter is_________ in English. Can you translate it into Chinese? (write)6.Every year, many trees _________ (plant) in Shangdong province on Tree Planting Day.。
Unit5一般现在时的被动语态用法语法知识讲义人教版英语九年级全册
九年级英语UNIT 5语法知识一般现在时的被动语态一、定义被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者，或者主语是动作的对象。
结构：be(am/is/are)+done二、句式1.肯定句:主语+be(am/s/are)+done(+by...)2.否定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+done(+by...)3.一般疑问句: Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+done(+by...)?答语:Yes,主语+be(am/is/are).或No, 主语+be(am/is/are)+not4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+done(+by...)?三、主动语态变被动语态1.方法（1）确定主语和宾语并互换位置（2）谓语动词改为“be+done”结构（3）原主语改为by+宾格形式，有时可省略。
如： Farmers grow rice in spring,农民们在春天播种水稻。
→Rice is grown by farmers in spring.水稻在春天被农民们播种。
拓展:主动句中的谓语动词是have,own,belong to等表示归属的动词时，不能用于被动语态。
语法练习一、根据语境，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. What _____ this kind of food _____ (call)in Japanese?2. This song _____ often _____ (sing)by us.3. School uniforms _____ (look)good on us.4. Where _____ the watch _____(make)?5.The girl _____ often_____(hear) to sing in the evening.6. The best materials _____ _____ (use)by the shop to make dresses7.Both English and French _____ _____ (speak)in Canada.8.Our classroom _____ _____ (clean)by us every day.9. _____ your _____ (take)good care of?10.The pen _____ (write) very smoothly.11.离开教室之前一定要确保灯都关了。
李咏梅初中被动语态讲义
李咏梅初中被动语态讲义一、被动语态的概念和用法1.1 被动语态的定义被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者。
在被动语态中，谓语动词通常由be动词和过去分词构成。
1.2 被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中的使用非常广泛，它可以用来强调动作的承受者或者不知道动作的执行者是谁。
同时，被动语态还可以使句子更加客观，避免使用主动语态时的语义歧义。
二、被动语态的构成和变化2.1 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成需要使用be动词的不同形式加上过去分词。
be动词的形式根据时态和人称的不同而变化，而过去分词则是根据动词的不同形式来确定。
2.2 被动语态的变化被动语态的变化包括时态、人称和数的变化。
根据不同的语境，被动语态可以使用各种不同的时态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
同时，根据句子的主语是单数还是复数，被动语态的动词形式也会相应变化。
三、被动语态的使用技巧3.1 强调动作的承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者，使句子更加客观和中立。
通过使用被动语态，我们可以将注意力集中在动作的承受者身上，突出其重要性。
3.2 避免语义歧义有时候，使用主动语态可能会导致语义上的歧义，而使用被动语态可以避免这种情况的发生。
被动语态可以清晰地表达动作的执行者和承受者，避免造成误解。
3.3 提高表达的灵活性使用被动语态可以使句子的表达更加灵活多样。
在某些情况下，使用被动语态可以使句子更加委婉客观，避免使用主动语态时可能带来的冒犯或不适。
3.4 增加句子的变化性使用被动语态可以增加句子的变化性，使文章或对话更加生动有趣。
通过灵活运用被动语态，可以使句子的结构多样化，增加读者的阅读兴趣。
四、被动语态的注意事项4.1 动词的时态和语态一致在使用被动语态时，要注意动词的时态和语态的一致性。
主语是单数时，be动词和过去分词要使用单数形式；主语是复数时，be动词和过去分词要使用复数形式。
4.2 被动语态的主语省略当被动语态的主语是不重要或者不需要特别强调时，可以省略主语。
被动语态讲解课件(要点全,紧扣中考)
三、短语动词的被动语态(被动后，不能省略介词) • We should take care of the old people very well． • __________________________________ • We should speak to the old politely. • ____________________________________ • The old should be taken care by us. • 这句话对不对？为什么？（如果有错的话，请 更正） •
11. The World Cup _______ (hold) every 4 year. 12.I tried to turn on the computer, but nothing _________ (appear) on the screen. 13.The tickets ________(sell) well. They ________(sell) in the ticket office. 14.My car ________ (break) down this morning. 15.When _____ the glass ____(break) by Tom? 16.The book _______(write) well. It _________(write) by Guo Jingming. I hear it __________(come) out in two months. 17. Yesterday’s meeting _______(last) an hour. 18.The silk skirt ________(look) nice. It _______ (feel) soft and ______(wash) easily 19 Young trees_______ (water) well every day. st year a large number of trees_______ （cut）down．
七年级初中英语被动语态讲义全及解析
七年级初中英语被动语态讲义全及解析一、选择题1．—Excuse me, sir. When can we drive on the highway? —Not until it ________next week. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 2．As China is growing stronger and stronger, Chinese _____by more and more people around the world.A．speak B．is spoken C．was spoken D．has spoken3．It's reported that Nanjing metro line 5 __________ in July next year.A．complete B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed 4．The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 5．—Hello, Helen!—Oh, Jim! What a surprise! I ___________you were still on business in Shanghai.A．told B．tell C．will be told D．was told6．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised 7．—Have you finished your report, Jim?—Not yet. I will make it if I________ two more days.A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given 8．—It’s so cold! Why not close the window?—Sorry. It________. I’ll have it________.A．won’t be shut , repaired B．won’t shut , repairingC．haven’t shut , repairing D．isn’t shutting , repairing9．—Mr Yang, when shall we leave school this afternoon?—Not until the classroom _______.A．has cleaned B．will clean C．will be cleaned D．is cleaned 10．Good news! The film Titanic has returned to big screen in 3D fifteen years after it ________. A．has shown B．was shown C．shows D．will be shown 11．Many travel vouchers (旅游优惠券) ________ to attract more and more tourists next five months.A．will send B．will be sent C．are sent D．send12．— How is the case going on?—I’ve no idea. It at the meeting right away.A．discussed B．will discuss C．is discussed D．will be discussed 13．— Amy, do you know what will happen in Dongtai?— The high-speed railway from Yancheng to Nantong ________ soon.A．will be completed B．will complete C．was completed D．completed 14．—Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?—It’s my daughter. The picture________10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken 15．When the natural park _____ ，it will be a good place for people to play and relax. A．has completed B．will complete C．is completed D．will be completed 16．Take it easy! This big experiment _______ several parts for you.A．was divided to B．divided into C．is divided into D．is divided17．It is amazing to the whole world that Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital________ in 10 days.A．completed B．were completed C．will complete D．will be completed 18．— When can we play football in our football field? — Not until it________.A．will be repaired B．is repaired C．repairs D．has repaired 19．A display of music and fireworks ______at the 3rd Yangzhou International Lighting Festival on July 20, 2018.A．was held B．were held C．has held D．will be held 20．Chinese __________by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 21．Different kinds of robots________in the coming robot show in our city.A．display B．are displayed C．will display D．will be displayed 22．—I saw several boxes of books at the gate of our school just now.—They ________ to children in poor areas.A．were sent B．are sent C．will be sent D．were being sent 23．—My father works in Pukou . He spends much time driving home every day.—Don’t worry about that. It’ll be easier when the bridge ________.A．repairs B．will repair C．is repaired D．will be repaired 24．—How do you like the poem ? —It’s a bit too long, bu t anyway, it________well. A．reads B．is read C．is reading D．has read 25．—People should still keep a social distance these days.—Yes. A large number of masks ________ in the following months.A．needed B．are needed C．were needed D．will be needed 26．—Aunt Li, who is the lovely boy in red in the picture?—It’s my son. The picture ________ 10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken 27．—Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the May Day holiday?— No. I was ________ to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest on the highway. A．praised B．taught C．prevented D．advised28．No one knows when the bridge ________, because there is no record about it.A．has built B．built C．was built D．builds29．It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A．build B．built C．were built D．have built 30．With the development of 5G technology, more self-driving cars ________ in the near future.A．use B．are used C．will use D．will be used 31．— When shall we hand in our book review on The Kite Runner?— As soon as it ________.A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed 32．After the first lunar samples ________, Chang’e 5 finished its task on the moon. A．collect B．collected C．were collected D．will be collected 33．—If you ________ another chance next time, can you do it better, Jack?—That’s for sure. Trust me!A．give B．will give C．are given D．will be given 34．— Excuse me, where is the nearest post office? —It’s ________ to the bank, but it________ for a few days.A．close; has closed B．close; has been closedC．closed; has been closed D．closed; has been close35．When the new city square ________ next year, it will be a good place for people to relax. A．will be finished B．is finishing C．was finished D．is finished 36．When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife. A．are well taken care of B．took good care ofC．were taken good care D．were taken good care of37．—My father works in Chengdu. It takes him much time to go home every month.—Don’t worry. It’ll be easier and quicker after Taizhou High-Speed Rail Station _______. A．builds B．is built C．will build D．will be built 38．—A meeting ________ in our community to show people how to sort their garbage this weekend.—That’s great. Let’s go to the meeting together.A．will hold B．will be held C．hold D．is held39．Last year Huai'an Flyover(高架) _________. Now it brings much convenience to people. A．finished B．finishes C．is finishing D．was finished 40．—A great deal of money ________ at the charity show!—Yes, but the cost of living ________ a lot, so we still need to do a lot for the children in poor areas.A．raised; rose B．raised; has risen C．was raised; rose D．was raised; has risen41．Now waste from daily life in the city of Suzhou ________ to be separated into four different groups.A．is requiring B．is required C．was required D．required42．A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A．builds B．built C．is built D．will be built 43．On Jack's birthday, many gifts and love ________ to him.A．was given B．is given C．are given D．were given 44．—Do you have any problems if you _________ this job?—Well, I'm thinking about the working day.A．offer B．are offered C．will offer D．will be offered 45．When you visit a museum, s ome instructions should ________ and we’d better not________ them.A．pay attention to; be against B．be paid attention; againstC．be paid attention to; against D．be paid attention to; be against46．The superheroes, such as Spider Man and Iron Man, ________ by Stan Lee when he was alive.A．are created B．have been created C．will be created D．were created 47．Many people think that badly-behaved travelers ________ so that they won't behave that way again.A．should punish B．should be punishedC．mustn't be punished D．must punish48．— Who got the first prize?— Millie did. The result ______ just now.A．is announced B．announce C．was announced D．announced 49．--Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show?--If he ___, he will try his best to make it.A．will be invited B．is invitedC．invites D．invited50．The 2nd Games of Qinhuai District ________ on March 28, 2021 to make more people realize the importance of health.A．held B．has held C．is held D．was held【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【详解】句意：——对不起，先生，我们什么时候能在高速公路上开车? ——要到下周完工（才可以）。
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初中被动语态详细讲解语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
（没有必要或说出出版者）(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
(3) 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如：All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。
例如：we can repair this watch in two days. --This watch can be repaired in two days. We must finish this work soon. --This work must be done soon.六、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1）时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.（2）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him. --He is often looked after byhis best friend.（3）主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
动词make/buy//get用for;动词give//send/lend/take用to)Vivian gave me a book. (双宾语，人间物直， me为间接宾语，a book 为直接宾语)-- I was given a book by Vivian.--A book was given to me by Vivian.（直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前加介词）（4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主＋及物动词＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。
They call him Louis. --He is called Louis.（5）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. （6）主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. --He was made to wash the dishes.（7）有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.（8）非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.（9）It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。
有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It ishoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）七、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1、（1）.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）（2）表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？（3）系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
（1）在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
（2）形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）（3）动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。
) 试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)（4）在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。