农业部南京农业机械化研究所

2015年2月农业机械学报第46卷第2期农业部南京农业机械化研究所

农业部南京农业机械化研究所成立于1957年10月，建有耕整地机械、种植机械、土下果实收获机械、植保机械、机械化技术系统与评估、穗粒类收获机械、茎秆类收获机械、果蔬茶类收获机械、农产品分级与贮藏装备、农产品加工技术与装备、生物质转化利用装备等11个重点学科，是农业工程科研领域公益性国家级研究所。全所在职在编职工255人，其中研究员21人、副研究员59人。

研究所目前拥有2个区域，科研区位于南京市东郊风景区南麓柳营100号，占地12公顷，建筑面积8万多平方米。试验基地位于溧水白马镇，占地15公顷，用于开展大田作物装备、设施农业装备和精准农业装备等作业性能考核试验。

建所之初，研究所研制了世界上第一台水稻插秧机东风-2S型机动水稻插秧机，获国家发明三等奖，研制的南-1403型沤田绳牵引机解决了江苏里下河地区沤水田耕翻难题，获得国家发明奖，南-1.5A型旋耕机及刀片成为当时与中型拖拉机配套旋耕机的基本机型，南-2604型自动远射程喷雾机广泛应用于水稻病虫害防治，这些科研成果在当时国内甚至在国际上都处于领先地位。

1978年复所至90年代期间，研究所科研包括耕耙播收机械、农副产品加工机械、植保机械、农村能源、农业区划、农机化信息、农机修理、农业电子仪器设备检测等，获得国家科技进步奖或农业部、江苏省奖励的科研成果有：农家微型水力发电装置及配套设备、农业机械测试数据处理和仪器、旋耕机工作部件与拖拉机配套机具、小四轮拖拉机配套系列旋耕机、南方水稻田间盘育成套技术与设备研究、不同地区实行农业机械化方案制定方法等。

“十五”以来，研究所科研领域实现了从产中向产前、产后延伸，从主要粮食作物向粮棉油糖等经济作物的拓展，尤其是油菜全程机械化、棉花收获机械化、土下果实机械化、茶园管理机械化、航空施药技术、设施农业装备技术、轻便型农机具、生物质能源利用、秸秆综合利用等领域取得重要突破，共获得省、部、院等各类科技成果奖励23项，其中新型背负式喷粉喷雾机获得200l年全国农机领域唯一的国家科技进步二等奖，大中型种子加工成套技术装备获2009年江苏省科技进步二等奖，花生机械化收获技术装备获2010年中华农业科技进步一等奖。在由农业部组织的“十一五”全国农业科研机构科研综合能力评估调查中，农业部南京农业机械化研究所综合实力位列第47名（参评单位1077家），在农牧渔业设施装备与工程专业位列第1名，在农机行业位列第1名，在中国农业科学院位列第12名。

经过5至10年努力，将农业部南京农业机械化研究所建设成为从事农机化基础、应用基础及重大应用类研究的农机化领域的世界一流科研强所。一是满足国家战略需求。从事农业机械化基础研究、应用基础研究及重大应用研究，开展前瞻性、共性、关键性重大科技攻关，开展农业机械化科学理论与政策研究，参与制订国家农业机械化发展政策与战略规划。二是支撑行业技术发展。广泛开展行业技术发展战略、规划、产品开发决策的技术咨询；广泛开展国内、国际学术研讨，促进技术交流；承担国家和省部级农业机械质量监督检验，参与推广鉴定、产品认证等公共服务工作；开展农业机械化工程技术标准体系研究和各类标准制修订工作。三是服务“三农”需求。开展农业装备新技术、新产品的技术转化、试验示范与推广；开展农业工程技术与农艺技术融合集成试验示范；承担全国农业机械化中高级管理与技术人才的培训以及农业机械化工程研究生培养工作。四是促进中国农业科学院学科发展。开展院内农机农艺技术融合研究与集成示范；开展院内机械化农业技术体系模式的咨询论证；开展院内创新品种和农艺技术的机械化适应性评价。

近年来，研究所坚持“全面深入了解国际农机发展形势、积极开展各类学术交流、以科技项目促深度合作”的合作方针，广泛开展国际交流合作工作，已与美国、德国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本、韩国、阿根廷、泰国、越南、菲律宾、马来西亚、刚果、埃塞俄比亚等几十个国家建立了合作关系。

与欧美国家合作方面，研究所参与筹备成立了“国际农业与生物系统工程学会精准航空施药技术分会”并担任副会长单位，与美国农业部大面积病虫害管理中心共同组建了“中美施药技术联合实验室”；主办了以“现代农业航空国际学术交流会”为代表的系列国际学术交流活动；派员赴美国、德国、加拿大、秘鲁等相关机构开展了为期3个月以上的短期访问交流；承担了国家外专局、江苏省科技厅等一系列国际合作项目，并以项目为依托开展了广泛交流合作。

与亚非拉等国家合作方面，研究所承担了中国-东盟系列国际合作项目和农业部发展中国家技术培训班项目，主要面向东盟与非洲相关国家了开展了多种形式的农机技术培训；面向“发展中国家农业管理研修班”、“非洲国家农村经济改革与发展研修班”等十余个访问团组举办了专题讲座交流活动；派员参加了中国农业部组织的专家组赴津巴布韦执行援非任务。

交流互访方面，研究所与来访的世界银行、欧盟、联合国亚太农机中心、越南农业部、古巴农业部等高层访问团组开展了合作交流。

农业部南京农业机械化研究所始终贯彻国家农业机械化的方针政策，坚持理论联系实际与“求真、求是、创新、创业”的工作作风，始终坚守在农业生产第一线，脚踏实地、锲而不舍地开展农业机械化研究工作，培养了大批优秀人才，取得了丰硕的科研成果。我们将通过深入实施科技创新工程，加强学科建设、人才建设、成果转化、管理创新的力度，凝练目标、准确定位，追逐梦想，实现“农机梦”，为国家农业现代化与城镇化建设提供科研支撑，续写研究所美好的明天。

083农业机械学报2015年Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization

Ministry of Agriculture

Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization（NIAM）of Ministry of Agriculture was established in October1957．At present，NIAM has formed eleven advantage disciplines：tillage and soil preparation machinery，planting and sowing machinery，underground fruits harvester，crop protection equipment，agricultural mechanization system and assessment，crop grains harvester，crop stalks harvester，harvesters of fruits，vegetables and tea，agricultural products classification and storage equipment，processing technology and equipment，and biomass conversion and utilization equipment．NIAM has become a public institute of national level in the field of agriculture engineering．There are totally255working staff，of which there are21researchers and59associate researchers．During the period of time from1978to1990's，NIAM carried out a lot of research and development work and won many awards，including the National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology，and the prizes at ministerial and provincial levels．The awards included the mirco-hydraulic generator and devices used in rural households，the agricultural machinery test data processing and related devices，the working parts of rotary tillers and the matched implements of tractors，the series of rotary tillers matched to small four wheels tractors，the complete technology and equipment for rice field tray seedling in southern China，and the method study for making of agricultural mechanization plans for different areas，etc．

Since‘the Tenth Five-Year Plan’，NIAM has realized extension of research fields from the middle of production to the before and the after of production，and from the staple grain crops to the economic crops including food，cotton，oil and sugar．Especially the breakthrough of rape production mechanization，cotton harvest mechanization，underground fruits mechanization，tea plantation mechanization，aviation pesticide application，facilities equipment，portable machinery，biomass energy utilization and stalks comprehensive use has been significantly achieved．Twenty three rewards have been issued at the levels of ministry，province and academy，of which the new knapsack powder sprayers won the second prize of national science and technology progress2001uniquely in the field of agricultural machinery，and the peanut harvesting equipment won the first prize of Chinese agriculture progress2010．In the national survey of comprehensive research capacity of agricultural research institutions organized by the ministry of agriculture for‘the Eleventh Five-Year Plan’with1077participants，NIAM was listed respectively the47th position in comprehensive research capacity，the top first in facilities equipment and engineering field of agriculture，livestock and fishery，the top first in the field of agriculture machinery and the12th position among the institutes of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences．Through5to10years effort，NIAM will be built to be the world first-class advanced scientific research institute in the field of agricultural mechanization，devoting to the foundation study of agricultural mechanization，application study and other major utilization study．

1．Meeting the demand of national strategy．NIAM will work on the study of agricultural mechanization foundation，applied sciences and major application and carry out the prospective，common and major science and technology research and the theory and policy research of agricultural mechanization to be involved in the national development policy and strategy plan making of agricultural mechanization．

2．Supporting the technology development of the mechanization industry．NIAM will carry out consulting services extensively in mechanization strategy，plan and products development decision and the academic discussions both domestically and abroad to promotion of technology exchange．Meanwhile，NIAM will undertake the public jobs covering the national and provincial supervision and inspection of agricultural machinery，the extension evaluation and the product accreditation．The study of engineering technical standard system of agricultural mechanization and other various standards formulating is included．

3．Providing the services for‘three rurals’．NIAM will go on the technical conversion，testing demonstration and extension of new equipment，new technology and new products，including the test and demonstration of the integration of engineering and agronomy．Also，NIAM will carry on the training jobs for middle and high management personnel of agricultural mechanization throughout the country and the education of post graduates of agricultural mechanization engineering．

4．Promoting the disciplinary development of CAAS．NIAM will undertake the study of agricultural machinery and agronomy combination and the integration demonstration and meanwhile conduct the mechanization adaption evaluation for the innovation breeds and agronomy technology developed in CAAS．

In latest years，NIAM insists on the guide-line，‘comprehensive understanding the international development of agricultural machinery，actively carrying out all kinds of academic exchange and promoting cooperation in depth through science projects’，to carry on wide international exchange and cooperation by establishing the cooperation relationship with US，Germany，Canada，Australia，Japan，South Korea，Argentina，Thailand，Vietnam，Philippines，Malaysia，Congo and Ethiopia，etc．

In cooperation with the European and American countries，NIAM took part in the establishment of‘Precision Pesticide Air Application Branch of International Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineering’，hosted series of international academic activities in name of‘International Academic Exchange Conference of Modern Agricultural Aviation’，and sent staff to visit the related institutions in US，Germany，Canada and Peru for academic exchange commonly in terms of three months．Moreover，NIAM accepted a number of international cooperation projects assigned by the National Foreign Expert Bureau and Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Department and conducted extensive exchange activities based on the projects．

In cooperation with the countries in Asia，Africa and Latin-America，NIAM took on Sino-ASEAN cooperation project and the developing countries technology training project assigned by Ministry of Agriculture in the purpose of providing agricultural technology training to the people from south-east Asian countries and African countries．More than ten of special interchange activities oriented to ‘Developing Countries Agriculture Management Seminar’，‘African CountriesＲural EconomyＲeform and Development Seminar’and others have been held in NIAM．NIAM sent a senior engineer to take part in Chinese Agricultural Expert Team to Zimbabwe for implementing government cooperation agreement．In view of mutual visits and interchanges，NIAM received high delegations from the World Bank，the European Union，the United Nations Asia-Pacific Centre for Agricultural Machinery，and the Ministries of Agriculture from Vietnam and Cuba．

NIAM always carries out national guideline and policy on agricultural mechanization，sticks to the style of work as to combination of theory and practice，and the‘truth seeking，facing reality，innovation and entrepreneurship’，stands on the front line of agricultural production，down-to-earth and persistence to conduct the study of agricultural mechanization，a lot of talents trained and plenty of scientific fruits achieved．We will continue to draw the splendid tomorrow of the institute by deeply implementing scientific innovation engineering，enhancing the academic disciplines building，talent training，scientific research fruits transformation and managing the innovation strength，refining objectives，accurately positioning，pursuing our dream and realizing‘the dream of agricultural machinery’to provide scientific support to the agricultural modernization and the rural urbanization building．