英语的写作常用逻辑衔接词-起承转合

写作常用逻辑衔接词一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”，“承”、“转”、“合”。

1. 表示“起”的词/组：用于开篇引出扩展at present 现在，当今presently现在，此刻currently 目前，最近recently 最近lately 最近in general 一般来说generally speaking 一般来说on the whole 总起来说it is said that ┅据说it goes without saying ┅不用说as a proverb goes, ┅俗话说得好at first 最初firstly 第一at the very beginning起初first of all 首先in the first place 首先，第一to begin with 首先，第一to start with 首先，第一for one thing ┅ (for another) 首先┅(其次)on the one hand ┅(on the other hand ) 一方面┅(另一方面)2. 有关“承”的常用语：用来承接上文。

after/ after that/ afterwards 此后after a few days/ years 几天/几年以后after a while 过了一会later后来soon 不久then 然后from now on 从此at the same time 同时by this time 此时meanwhile 同时secondly 第二thirdly 第三for another 其次besides 此外furthermore 而且；此外moreover 而且，此外what’s more而且；此外in addition 此外in addition to ┅除┅之外in the same manner/ way 同样的similarly 同样地in other words换句话说consequently 因此；结果so 所以for this purpose 为了这个目的for example 例如for instance 例如such as 正如particularly 特别地in particular 特别(地)indeed 的确there is no doubt that…无疑地obviously 明显地of course当然3. 有关“转”常用的词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。

after all 毕竟all the same 虽然，但是conversely 相反地however然而；无论如何but 但是whereas┅然而┅yet 然而；但是in contrast 对比之下on the contrary 相反地even though即使though/ although尽管despite 尽管┅虽然┅in spite of 尽管┅虽然nonetheless 尽管如此nevertheless不过；虽然如此anyway 无论如何in fact 事实上as a matter of fact 事实上especially┅特别地in particular 特别地fortunately 幸运地┅in other words 换句话说in the same way 同样地unlike 不像┅；和┅不同luckily 幸运地unfortunately 不幸地on the other hand 另一方面otherwise否则perhaps 或许4. 有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。

above all 最重要accordingly 于是as a consequence 因此as a result 结果as has been stated 如前所述as above mentioned 如上所述as I have said 如我所述at last 最后at length 最后；终于by doing so 一般来说briefly 简单扼要地by doing so 如此consequently 因此eventually 最后finally 最后hence 因此in brief 简言之in conclusion 总之；最后in short 简言之in a word 总之in sum 总之，简言之in summary 简要地说on the whole 总起来说；整个看来therefore 因此thus 因此to speak frankly 坦白地说to sum up 总而言之to summarize 简言之surely 无疑to conclude总而言之truly 的确so 所以obviously 显然certainly 肯定；无疑all in all 总之二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下十四类1.表示因果关系as a result 结果eg. He never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination. as a result of 因为，由于eg. He is late for work as a result of traffic accident.accordingly 于是eg. He wanted to buy a radio for studying English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.because（of）因为，由于eg. We are delayed because of a traffic jam.due to 因为，由于eg. His success is due to his excellent work.eg. Owing to his absence, our meeting was not held.thanks to 多亏了eg. Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination.now that 既然eg. Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.so long as 只要…就…eg. You could accomplish your dream so long as you try it again and again.. since 既然eg. Since you are here now, you’d better give a hand.on account of 因为，由于eg. We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.in that 因为eg. The policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give up.so that 所以eg. The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him.consequently 因此eg. It rained so heavily, consequently, we cancelled the plan of climbing the mountain.hence 因此eg. It is 12 p.m. now, hence you must take a sleep.therefore 因此eg. There is a calculating mistake here; therefore, the answer is wrong.2.表示解释关系as a matter of fact 事实上eg. I will go there this afternoon, as a matter of fact, I intended to go this morning but I couldn’t find the time.as well 也eg. I will go there. My friend will go with me as well.frankly speaking 坦白来说eg. Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfied with your words.in this case 既然这样eg. In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.3.表示推理关系or else 否则eg. Hurry up, or else you’ll be late.otherwise 否则eg. You must carry this passport; otherwise you will be stopped by the guard. if so 如果那样的话eg. If so, it will make a great difference.so that implies 那表明eg. He is in panic now, so that implies he is lying.to put it more precisely 更精确地说eg. He is rather strong, to put it more precisely, he is a little sturdy. under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不，绝不eg. Under no circumstances will I go there.4.表示递进关系additionally 此外eg. I like playing cards; additionally, playing chess is also my favorite.in addition 此外eg. I need your help. In addition, I also need her support.besides 此外eg. First, we must work hard. Besides, we must work with a creative mind.and moreover 而且，此外eg. The hat is the right size for you, and moreover, it goes well with your skin. that is to say 就是说eg. The stock price is declining, that is to say, I am losing money. furthermore 而且，此外eg. She is kind, and furthermore, she’s beautiful.in other words 换句话说eg. I am not hungry, in other words, I really dislike the food in this canteen. equally important 同样重要的是eg. You should read more news from newspapers, and equally important, keep an eye on the news from the radio.what’s more 而且，此外eg. It is harmful to my health, and what’s more, it is no good to my work. last but not the least 最后eg. Last but not least, my thanks should go to every member of my class.5．表示比较关系equally 同样地eg. As a teacher, I should teach well, but equally, I should study well.in comparison with 和…相比eg. In comparison with the red one, I would like to choose the blue cap.in the same way 同样地eg. It is such a coincidence that we figure it out in the same way.in contrast to 和…相反eg. In contrast to your belief, I quite disagree with you.instead 代替，顶替eg. If you don’t go, I’ll go instead.on the contrary 相反eg. You think I like it. On the contrary, I dislike it.in contrast 对比之下eg. It is hot in the daytime, but in contrast it’s very cold at night.while 但是eg. We are happy in China, while most Africans live unhappily.6.表示选择关系alternatively 作为选择，二者选一地eg. You may take the exam. Alternatively you take another one next year. either…or 或者…或者…eg. Either you or I will go there.rather than 而不是eg. In this matter, the parents should be blamed rather than the children. instead of 而不是eg. You should be reading books instead of lying there in bed.not …but 不是…而是eg. She is not an English teacher, but a German student.whether…or not 是否eg. I wonder whether you will come or not this afternoon.neither…nor 既不…也不eg. Neither you nor I will go there. He will come this afternoon.7.表示转折关系although 尽管eg. Although he is old, he still works every day.despite尽管，不管eg. I will visit him despite the heavy snow.at the same time 同时，但是eg. The little kid brings troubles, but at the same time you can’t help liking him.even though 即使eg. Even though she is late, she walks slowly.however 可是eg. I planned to go there; however, the incident suddenly interrupts my normal work.in spite of 不管eg. In spite of the boy’s honesty, the teacher is still very angry.instead 改为eg. It is too hot to go shopping, let’s watch TV at home instead. nevertheless 尽管这样eg. Nevertheless, I would try to make a remedy.regardless 不管，不顾eg. Regardless of age, sex, race and economic level, all men are equal.notwithstanding 虽然，尽管eg. I have determined, notwithstanding your disapproval.on the contrary 正相反eg. I used to think that the result will be good. On the contrary, it turns out to be bad.still 尽管如此eg. It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Still, I will visit him.though 虽然，尽管eg. I will visit him, though it is raining there.otherwise 否则eg. We must hurry, otherwise we cannot catch the bus.while 虽然，但是eg. Sadness is beautiful while loneliness is tragic.yet 然而，但是eg. He is sentimental sometimes, yet I still like him.8.表示总结关系all in all 总而言之eg. All in all, we must cope with it wellbriefly 简而言之eg. Briefly, I agree with you on the matter.in conclusion 最后，总之eg. In conclusion, the first opinion is much more reasonable than the latter idea. in summary 简要地说eg. In summary, we cannot fully believe what we heard from others.to sum up 总而言之eg. To sum up, teaching student is not an easy task to perform.on the whole 总体来说，整个来看eg. On the whole, the book is extremely valuable.in all 总而言之eg. In all, it’s great to be a father.in short 简而言之eg. In short, actions speak louder than words.in brief 简言之eg. In brief, to help others is to help yourself.in a word 总之eg. In a word, we will win while they will lose.in terms 明确地，毫不含糊地eg. In practical terms, I believe it will work.in sum 总之，简而言之eg. In sum, it is great to be a teacher.to summarize 简而言之eg. To summarize, spare the rod, spoil the children,to conclude 总而言之eg. To conclude, it is true that we should pay more attention to this problem.9.表示次序关系above all 最重要，首先eg. Above all, remember to call me when you arrive.afterwards 然后，后来eg. We played the whole day and afterwards walked home together in the evening. eventually 最后，终于eg. Eventually, he rose to the position of vice president.firstly/first of all 首先，第一eg. Firstly/ first of all, I’ll mention the history.secondly 第二eg. Secondly, I will mention the present.furthermore 此外，而且eg. Furthermore, it is not good enough in this respect.finally 最后eg. Finally, I agree with you on this matter.last but not least 最后eg. Last but not least, my personal effort also plays a small role in the accomplishment of the task.to conclude 总而言之eg. To conclude, life is not a battle if you want to be a normal man.lastly 最后eg. Lastly, I must say it will be remembered by people around the world.in the end 最后eg. In the end, they parted each other at the cross road.10.表示强调关系above all 最重要，首先eg. Above all, the good policy makes us dare to be rich.of course 当然eg. Of course you will fall behind if you don’t study harder.indeed 确实eg. I am indeed very glad to see you are well and sound.most important 最重要eg. Most important, it is a book for sale first.with great emphasis on 特别强调eg. He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the solar energy.11.表示过渡关系as regards 关于，至于eg. As regards your school report, I don’t quite agree.as to/as for 关于，至于eg. She’s very uncertain as to where he is now.by the way 顺便提一下eg. By the way, there is a letter for you in the president’s office.with reference to 关于eg. With reference to further information, please let me know.with regard to 关于eg. With regard to your score in last examination, I am afraid it is not a good news for you.regarding 关于eg. It is a book regarding the War at Hastings.concerning 关于eg. Nobody has the information concerning his whereabouts.talking of 谈到eg. Talking of philosophy, I know little about it.incidentally 顺便提到eg. Incidentally, your proposal has drawn most people’s attention.to resume 再继续eg. To resume our discussion, how do you think of Lincoln?to get back to the point 话说回来eg. To get back to the point, have you ever visited Mr Johnson?12表示举例关系as follows 如下eg. The reasons are as follows.a case in point 举个恰当的例子eg. A case in point, Qingdao is such a beautiful city.for example 例如eg. For example, Chairman Mao is such a great hero.for instance 例如eg. There are many advantages, for instance, it can make your book perfect. including 包括eg. There are many children there, including a two-year-old baby.to illustrate 为了阐明问题eg. To illustrate, I can give you many examples.13.表示同指关系that is 即，就是，换句话说eg. There are two persons there, that is, Tom and Jack.in other word 换句话说eg. In other words, we must finish it before he comes.that is to say 即，就是，换句话说eg. Let’s go back to the original plan, that is to say, you must go there.14.表示时间关系after a while 不久，过了一会儿eg. After a while, he came back with smile on his face.afterwards 然后，后来eg. Tom came in for a cup of tea, and then he went out soon afterwards.at last 终于eg. At last, we succeed.as long as 只要，在…的时候eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it.at length 最后eg. At length he told us the truth.at that time 在那时eg. At that time, all people were poor.eventually 最后，终于eg. We waited for her on and on, and eventually she came.finally 最后，终于eg. After a heated discussion, finally he gave up.in the past 在过去eg. In the past he was very naughty.meanwhile 与此同时eg. Tom was listening to the radio, and meanwhile Adam was reading. presently 现在，此刻eg. He is presently the president of the U.S.so far 迄今为止eg. So far he’s been to China more than 3 times.thereafter 其后，从那时以后eg. Thereafter, they lived a happy life.until 直到…才eg. I did not feel hungry until midnight.until now 到现在为止，迄今eg. He has not come until now.when 当…时eg. I used to listen to the radio when I was young.15.表示条件关系as long as 只要…就…eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it.if 如果eg. If it rains, the sports meeting will be put off.on condition that 如果eg. I can lend my bike to you on condition that you return it to me in time.。