高中英语新高考-阅读理解：抽丝剥茧,深入剖析高考科普类阅读命题规律(江苏版)

高中英语新高考-阅读理解：抽丝剥茧，深入剖析高考科普类阅读命题规律BSymbolic communication in the form of language underlies our unique ability to reason —or the conventional wisdom holds so. A new study published in Science, though, suggests our capacity to reason logically may not actually depend on language, at least not fully. The findings show babies still too young to speak can reason and make reasonable deductions.这样读：段落语篇结构：旧观点(conventional)--》新观点（new study, though) -->结论（show)命题点：新观点的理解？关键句：Science, though, suggests our capacity to reason logically may not actually depend on language, at least not fully.翻译：但是，科学表明，我们逻辑推理能力其实可能并非依赖语言，至少不是完全依赖。

这就和：58 C: language is not a requirement for some basic reasoning (语言并非是一些基础推理的必要条件）一致的，考生如果选了干扰项，说明根本没看到这句话。

The authors—a team from several European institutions—studied infants (婴儿) aged 12 and 19 months, when language learning and speech production has just begun but before complex mastery has been achieved. The children had to inspect distinct objects repeatedly—such as a dinosaur and a flower. The items were initially hidden behind a black wall. In one set of experiments the animation (动漫) would show a cup scooping (舀出) up the dinosaur. Half of the time, the barrier would then be removed to reveal, as expected, the remaining flower. In the rest of the instances, though, the wall would disappear and a second dinosaur would be there.这样读：上一段谈到结论，下一段就是实验了，标准的科普文风格。

难道一句句读？聪明的读者应该是看看后面的题目：有没有考到实验细节还只是考实验结果？只有考细节我们才具体看下去。

59. The researchers draw the conclusion from the fact that_______.可见，这只是考结论。

看下段，找结果去！The children deduced in these latter occurrences that something was not quite right, even though they were unable to express in words what was wrong. Eye-tracking—a commonly used technique to judge mental abilities in preverbal (语前的) children and apes—showed infants stared significantly longer at scenes where the unexpected object appeared behind the barrier, suggesting they were confused by the reveal. “Our results indicate that the acquisition of logical vocabulary might not be the source of the most fundamental logical building blocks in the mind,”says lead study author NicolóCesana-Arlotti. A major component of human logic, he notes, relates to thinking about alternative possibilities and eliminating inconsistent ones: Does the dinosaur sit behind the barrier or does the flower? In a formal logic this is called a disjunctive syllogism (析取三段论): A or B; not if A, therefore B.这样读：抓住第一句的主题句的deduced that...,后半句是关键句。

意为：某些地方不是那么对，即使他们不能用语言表达具体错误。

这个59.A the infants were aware of illogical outcomes意思一致。

其它选项都是针对具体细节进行推测，over and over again, sensitive,show interest在文字中都找不到根据，如果选它们的话，那就是受到 infants stared significantly longer at scenes where the unexpected object appeared behind the barrier, suggesting they were confused by the reveal的干扰，这句只是说孩子们盯的时间长。

接下来猜测词义，这个要看冒号后面的解释了：...or...? not..., therefore ...这题不难。

（熟悉四级词汇的常读外刊的这个词直接看出意思了。

）Cesana-Arlotti acknowledges his findings do not deny the importance of language and symbolic communication to human brain development, and to our evolutionary backstory. Yet the new research suggests that perhaps it is not entirely necessary to shape the brain’s logical reasoning capacities. He plans further work studying how logic before the development of language might still differ from reasoning abilities that appear once language comes along, as language may open additional reasoning abilities unavailable to the speechless brain.“To our knowledge, nobody has ever directly documented logical reasoning in 12-month-old infants before,”he adds.这样读：抓住路标词yet，说明后面就是主题句了，即：not entirely necessary to shape the brain’s logical reasoning capacities.，紧接着是说未来研究方向。

请考生注意，这样的结尾一般关注：该研究对以往的研究是不是全部否定？该研究结果是不是会对首段的结论进行补充？该研究未来会如何？这就是三个命题点了，61题选的是第二个点。

那就要抓住关键句：studying how logic before the development of language might still differ from reasoning abilities that appear once language comes along，意思：研究在语言形成之前的逻辑如何可能与在语言形成之后产生的逻辑的不同。

C项需要至少明白两个单词的意思：distinction, preverbal。

虽然题目不难，但你要是词汇量小导致选项都看不懂那也是没用的。

下面我们总结一下：本篇结构：结论--》实验--》总结结论是批旧立新；实验是设立参照组；总结是照应结论和展望未来。

命题点是：结论是什么？实验说明了什么？未来是什么？干扰项特点：截取关键句或非关键句的部分词汇生造一个逻辑，可以说是无中生有。

考生要注意：即使选项每个词文中都有，也要留意这是命题人可能在用熟悉词来混淆视线。

58.We can learn from the new study published in Science that ______.A. the ability to reason logically is unique to humansB. babies are too young to make reasonable deductionsC. language is not a requirement for some basic reasoningD. the new findings correspond with the conventional ideas59. The researchers draw the conclusion from the fact that ______.A. the infants were aware of illogical outcomesB. the infants inspected distinct objects over and againC. the infants were very sensitive to the removal of the barrierD. the infants showed interest in the appearance of the dinosaur60. The underlined word “eliminating”in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.A. resistingB. removingC. expandingD. exploring61. According to the text, what will Cesana-Arlotti study further?A. The mental development of babies.B. The initial state of logic in the mind.C. Distinctions between verbal and preverbal logic.D. Additional reasoning abilities of the speechless brain.CPeople love spreading information and sharing opinions. You can see this online: every day, 4 million new blogs are written, 80 million new photos are uploaded and 616 million new tweets are released into cyberspace. We experience a burst of pleasure when we share our thoughts, and this drives us to communicate. It is a useful feature of our brain, because it ensures that knowledge, experience and ideas do not get buried with the person who first had them, and that as a society we benefit from the products of many minds.这样读：首句提出现象，然后列举事实（从you can see可以看出），接着解释原因。