复旦大学2008级本科新生大学英语分级考试大纲及样题
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛D类(附答案)
2008 Nationnal English Contest forCollege Students(Level D---Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes,30 marks) Section A:In this part,you will hear seven recordings.The seven recordings will be played only once.At the end of each recording,a question will be asked about what was said.After each question,there will be a pause.During the pause,look carefully at three pictures marked A,B and C,and decide which picture answers the question.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.)1.What time does the film stat?A.6:00B.6:30C.8:002. What season is the speaker describing in the poem?（个别题目的图画从略，下同）3. Which graph is the speaker talking about?4. How does Jack come into the office?5. Why does the speaker want some coins?6. Which subject does Mike think is the most difficut?7. What does Henry drink after breakfast now?Section B:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations.At the end of each conversation,aquestion will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and question will be read only once.After each conversation,there will be a pause.During the pause,read three choices marked A,B and C,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.(8 marks)8. A.The coffee table B. The couch C.The desk9.A.This Friday B.This weekday C.Monday throughFriday10.A.In Hong Kong B.In the mail C.With Susan11.By train B.By bus C.By plane12.A.He has poor eyesight B.The newspaper has been sold outC.There are no English magamines13.A.Get to the train station B.Get out of the heatC.Take a walk14.A.Baked goods B.A building C.A restaurant15.A.Lend Paul her computers B.Sell him an adapterC.Ask a friwnd for helpSectionC: In this section, you will hear one long conversation.The conversation will be played only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one—minute pause.During the pause,read the five questions,each with three choices marked A,B and C, and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the correspoonding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.(5marks)Questions 16 to 20 are bsed on the conversation you hace just heard.16.Where does this conversation probably take place?A.At jane’sB.At an office.C.At a bar17.How much does the most expensive wine cost?A.Almost $1,600B.Nearly $6,000C.Around $60,00018.What does Jane say about the most expensivewine?A.It is the oldest wineB.It is over 2oo years old.C.It was produced in Washington,D.C19.What does the man think about the wine?A.It’s very special.B.It’s too expensive.C.It;s better than buyinga house.20.What is said that Thomas Jefferson did with the wine?A.He introduced it to George Washington.B.He keat several bottles of it in Washington.C.He passed the wine down to his descendants.SectionD: In this section,there is a short passage. Listen to the passage carefully, and then fill in the blanks with the words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Good morning and welcome. I’m here today to talk about time management.My aim i8s to (21)____ some techniques which will help you to use your time more efficiently.Time is (22)____ money, people and equipment. It’s a limited(23)____. Time management is about making the best(24)_____use of it. So,what are the (25)____oftime management?Today we’re going to look at three fundamental steps.The first step is to (26)____ how you use your time now.This requires a methodical approach. Break your day into half hour periods. Record what you do in each period.The mext step id to prioritise.Take the tasks which genuinely(270____and put them in order of priority –whih are the most important,which are (28)____.(29)____, organize your time and your tasls. Ask yourself ―How much time will I need?‖Be realistic because work tends to expand to fill the time (30)____.Part ⅡVocabulary and Structures (10 minutes,15 marks) There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank, there are four choices marked A,,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.31.We had an exciting _____ on the Trans—Siberian railway last week.a.travel B.trip C.tour D.cruise32.I have an urgent problem and I need to call mu parents, buty I’m afraid I haven’t got _____ change –only a $10 note. Willl you di me a _____?A.any;favourB.a lot;helpC.some;handD.a few;support33.We still couldn’t hear Professor Wang clearly at the business lecture, so we asked him to speak_____.A, sloe B.more slow C.slower D.more slowly34.The pilot succeeded in _____the helicopter_____ the cliff.A.stopping;atB.mending;inC.flying;onnding;on35._____my husband and I _____ down the road yesterday evening, we herd a woman scream.A.Since; had walkedB.While; have walkedC.As ; were walkingD.When ; are walking36.He won’t be expecting a present ,so you _____buy him one.A.can’tB.have toC.don’t needD.need’t37.Pierre left without sauying a word to the boss because he cannot stand ____to wait.A.be madeB.to be madeC.being madeD.be making38.Fiona said that she felt quite embarrassed that day beaause she was mot accustomed to _____like that.A.be treatingB.have been treatedC.being treatedD.be treated39. I saw a comic film,_____ was very amusing, last Saturday. Infact, it was the best film ____ I’ve wver seen.A.which;whatB.that;whichC.which;thatD.that;what40.It seems that you’ve caught a bad cold.You’d better see a doctor,____you?A.hadn’tB.didn’tC.wouldn’tD.don ’t41.Mr.Smith managed to eat lunch____having bad an enormous breakfast.A.despiteB.sinceC.becauseD.although42.If it rains on Saturday,we shall have to____the match for a week.A.bring onB.put awayC.take offD.put off43.He is not satisfied with his exam results and wishes he ____harder for his exams.A.has studiedB.would studyC.studiesD.had studied44.-Do you want to eat out tonight or shall we cook something?-____I can’t afford to eat out again.A.I really need a coffeeB.Let’s cookC.let’s do that thenD.That’s would be nice45.-He locked himself out of his car yesterday.-Oh,he’s always doing things like that._______A.He’s a lovely personB.He’s very carelessC.He’s always happyD.He’s quite generousPart III Reading Comprehension(20 minutes,40 marks) SectionA:There is one passage in this section with 5 questions.For each of them,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice.Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre(5 marks)Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The main topic of last week ’s meeting was a suggestion boxes.All departments in the factory are to have labeled suggestion boxes.At the meeting,it was obvious that the employees’suggestions would not only save the company money,but would do much to lift spirit and streamline production.To further this process,the suggestion box idea was adopted.Forms for the suggestions are tobe kept inside the box .When employees fill out a form,they should clearly state which situation they are trying to improve,list all deta,and then offer a solution,stating how the company would benefit.Forms will then be collected each month by the department heads,who will then pass them on to the plant manager.Where necessary,the plant manager will consult with the respective departments to gather any relevant data.If applicable,the matter will then be passed on to the finance department for approval.A bonus will be paid to employees for any suggestions that are adopted.The amount of the bonus will be in proportion with the savings to the company.Questions:46.What is the topic of the report?A.A meetingB.spiritC.ProductionD.A new system47.Why has the company decided to use suggestion boxes?A.To take advantage of the employees’ideas.B.To minimize customer complaintsC.To take some of the burden off department headsD.To calm the finance department.48.How do the employees get the suggestion slips?A.By requesting then from department heads.B.By applying to the plant managerC.By looking in the suggestion box itselfD.By asking the director of finance49.What is the plant manager supposed to do?A.Review each suggestion with the employeeB.Issue bonus checksC.Pass the suggestions to the finance departmentD.Collect relevant data if necessary50.What should employees specifically include in their suggestions?A.The names of troublesome coworkersB.How long the problem has existedC.What they consider is an appropriate bonusD.A description of what they would like to changeSection B:In this section,there is one passage followed by 5 statements.Go over the passage quickly and mark the answers on the Answer Sheet.For Answer 51-55,markT(for TRUE) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;F(for FALSE)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage.(5 marks)Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Dear Advisor:Should She Propose?Dear AdvisorMy boyfriend and I just celebrated three years together.I want to ask him to marry me .My friends say I shouldn’t.They say that only desperate women propose marriage.Are they right?Nervous in New Jersey Dear Nervous，Your friends are not right.Today it is fine for a woman to propose to a man.In 2003,the Korbel Champagne Company conducted a survey. They asked,‖Should woman ask men to marry them?‖ Sixty-seven percent of American said they would. ―Would you propose a woman’proposal?‖Almost 80 percent said yes. Thirtyt-one percent of women know a woman who has proposed to a man.Experts generally agree. D.r Linda O’Connor has a radio talk show about love and marrage. O’Conn or says that women who propose are usually educated and self-confi-dent.. In addition, their boyfriend usually like stong women with a lot of self-confidence may need some help with their proposalsl. Here is her advice. First,the proposal should not be a surprise. The relationship should be serious. She also advises women to do two more things. They should write out the proposal and practice it before they ask for their boyfriends’hands in marriage.How would Susan Fine answer you? If you and your boyfriend are happy, do not pay attention to your friends. And don’t invite them to the weeding.The Advisor Statements:51. ―Nervous in New Jersey‖ wrote to Susan Fine.52―Nervous in New Jersey‖ wants to get married.53. ― In 2003 most women said that only m en should propose to women.54.Dr.Linda O’Connor is a lawyer.55. The advisor told ―Nervous in New Jersey ‖to propose to her boyfriend.Section C:Read the passage carefully and answer Questions 56 to 63. Answer each question in a maximum of 10 words.Remember to write the answer on the er Answer Sheet.( 16marks)Perserving the PastToday ,many old buildings are being torn down so new ones can be built. But some older buildings are both beautiful and intereting. They need to be save.The city of San Antonio, Texas, was settled by the Spanish in the early 1700s. Later, it was governed by Mexico. If you go to the San Antonio,you can see many missions or churches that were built by the Spanish.All were started beweet 1720 and 1731. You can also find other buildings from early period in the history of Texas. Some of these buildings are still standing because a group of women worked to save them.In 1924, the city of San Antonio was going to cement over the San Antonio River and turn it into an underground sewer. A group of women felt that the beauty of San Antonio should be preserved. They formed a club to keep the river from being destroyed.The women saved the river. Then they worked together to preserve several old buildings that were going to be torn down. In the 1930s,the women saved an old mill and granary. They raised money to buy these buildings by giving tea and selling cakes.More cently, the ladies in San Antonio have worked to save a Spanish convient.They could not afford to buy the whole buildings,so they paid for only half . Even so, the women are still looking for other old buildings to save. They want peoper to know about the city’s long and intereting history.Questions:56.What is passage mainly about ?57.What does the word ones in Sentence 1 refer to58. When was San Antonio in Texas settled ?59. What can you see if you go to San Antonio ?60. The word in Paragraph 3 that means saved is .61.How did the women raised money to buy old buildings ?62. Why did the women want to save the San Antonio River ?63. Why have the women worked to save the river and old buildings?Section D:In this section , there is one passage followed by a summary . For Answers 64 to 70 , please read the passage carefully and complete each space in the summary , using a maximum of three words from the passage . Remember to write the answer on the Answer Sheet .(14 marks)Answer 64 to 70 are based on the following passage.Around the world , music therapy is being used to different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain , such as childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding to overcome disabities.Classical music is most typically used for therapy due to ite complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or pop might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Playing a music instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.Have scientists been able to prove that music can hea diseaes? Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins. Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of new born babies and even babies still in the mother’s womb. Currently, music therapy is used in a variety of setting such as hospitals, rehabilitation centers ,nursing homes, day care centers, and schools.Summary:There appears to be some evidence that music is helpful (64) some medical conditions. Therefore, doctors dand patients are turning to (65) to treat various(66) and disabilities. Doctors believe that music with (67) and patterns is more effective. This kind of music seems to (68) more activity in the brain. Although it may be (69) to listen to rap or pop or dance music, doctors prefer to use (70) to treat patients.Part IV Cloze(15 minutes,15marks)Scetion A:Read the following passage carefully, and then fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given on the right. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(5marks)Section B: There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the missing word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and decide which word best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answer on the Answer Sheet.(10 marks)The Museum of ChilhoodThere are 4,000 toys in London’s Museum of Childhood,but it is not essential to be a child to enjoy it. Most of zhe older toys were (76) me to be played with by adults.All the toys live in a beautifull glsstopped (77)bu in the East End of London but it wasn’tbulit for them .It wasn’t until 1974 that the(79)wh building was officially devoted to the histoy of the childhood.Once upon a time ,every toy was homemade,although by the late 1700s a huge toy industry had (80)dev .Many home-made toys wer made of metal and wood and a few of these have lasted well enough for the museum to display them.It even has one of the oldest dools’ houses still in(81)exi,made in 1673.Ther e’s something for everyone, including the 18th century toy theatre and the miniature Chinese gardens, containing tiny (82)ani .Whichever is your favorite, each exhibit enables you to catch a (83)gil of the people and world it was made for.The 35 or so workers at the museum take great care to make sure that all of the exhibit are preserved in good working order.And sa(84) f he 500 new toys that move in every year from all over the world -nobody has ever heard a (85)sin one complaining.Part V Translation (15 minutes,15 marks)Section A:Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese.Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(8 marks)Rcently, I saw a heading for an Internet article that read,‖If only I’d bought that stock…..‖Well, sure, hingsight is wonderfull! We all habe it. But the line made me think:(86)How much time do we spend thinking of the many ―if only‖ in our lives? How many regrets flit thoughts? Everyone harbors a few-if only I hadn’t missed this; if only I’d found the time to do that ;(87)if only I’d been first with that idea, instead of just a little too late.―If onlys ‖are exercises in futility. I think it’s better to foll our reveries with all we are glad we did do. Such as, I’m so glad I met my husband. I’m so glad I was born in this time,in this place, to these parents. (88) I’m so glad I have the loving extended family who have been among my greatest blessings.I’m so glad I planted that spindly little magnolia tree 20 years ago. (89)Now it lifts up its arms to the sky and fills my view with pink-and-white beauty. I’m so glad my grandfather planted apple trees 100 years ago. They ,too, are a wonder to behold in any season-alive with honeybees among the blossoms in spring, studded with burgeoning fruit in summer, and weighed low with their delicious rosy bounty in September.Section B:Translate the following sentencesinto English,using the words given in the brackets.Remember to write the anwsers on the anwser sheet.(7 marks)90.谢谢您的邀请，但是恐怕我无法应邀出席。
复旦大学英语水平考试笔试样卷
Fudan English Test(Paper A, June 27, 2011 )Part I Listening (20 minutes)Section A Spot DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage twice. The passage is printed on the first page of the Answer Sheets with eight blanks. It will be read at the normal speed with a 30-second pause afterwards. You are required to fill in the blanks numbered from L1 to L8 with the exact word or words that are missing.Section B Multiple Choice Questions Based on ConversationsDirections: In this section, you will hear several conversations only once. After each conversation, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the questions together with the choices marked A), B), C) and D), and choose the best answer for each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on the first page of the Answer Sheets.Conversation One1. According to Dr. Peterson, what can stress do to us in the short term?A) It deprives us of energy.B) It makes us feel under threat.C) It motivates us.D) It enables us to achieve more.2. According to Ann, how much does stress cost the American industry?A) 300 million dollars a year.B) More than 300 million dollars.C) 300 billion dollars a year.D) More than 300 billion dollars a year.Conversation Two3. Which of the following is true according to the man?A) Women are especially vulnerable to shopping addiction.B) Men are actually more prone to shopping addiction than women.C) Both men and women may have the compulsion to just shop.D) Women’s shopping psychology is different from men’s.4. How many Americans are addicted to shopping?15%.A)B)20%.C) One out of twenty.D) One out of ten.5. According to the man, what is one of the reasons for shopping compulsion?stress.reduceToA)off.showB)ToC) To follow fashion.D) To fix problems.6. What is the woman’s attitude toward shopping compulsion?Positive.A)Negative.B)C)Neutral.D) It cannot be known from this conversation.Conversation Three7. What are the two men mainly talking about?A) Comparing the nuclear crisis in Japan and that in Chernobyl.B) The current condition of the damaged reactors in Japan.C) How the nuclear crisis in Japan might develop next.D) What will happen to the oceans as a result of the nuclear crisis in Japan.8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the conversation?A) Skin cancer.B) Food safety.C) Economic development.D) Ocean contamination.Section C Multiple Choice Questions Based on Academic Lectures Directions: In this section, you will hear two lecture clips only once. After each clip, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the questions together with the choices marked A), B), C) and D), and choose the best answer for each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on the first page of the Answer Sheets.Lecture One9. What will the speaker concentrate on in the conclusion of his lecture?A) The dangerous activities that many people are engaged in.B) The overestimated areas of technology.C) The possible technological achievements that might come about in the future.D) The way technology has developed in the last few decades.10. What is the first area in which technology will continue to develop in the speaker’s opinion?A) The ability to solve larger and larger problems.B) The ability to identify objects and people.C) Medical technologies.D) The Internet.11. What can we do in the next 20 years according to the speaker?A) 100% accuracy in weather forecasting.B) The elimination of poverty.C) Zero accident rates on the roads and railways.D) Almost no mistakes in hospitals.12. What will happen in the future with the development of the radio frequency tags?A) There will be no need for keys or money as we know today.B) People don’t have to go to the supermarket for shopping.C) There will be more security checks in public places.D) People will take part in more public affairs.13. Which of the following is not predicted by the speaker in the area of medicine?A) The control and even the curing of AIDS.B) The use of nanotechnology in cancer treatment.C) The creation of artificial hip and knee joints that will last a lifetime.D) The remarkable increase in life expectancy.Lecture Two14. What is the main topic the speaker wants to talk about in his lecture?A) How to build good relationships with others.beliefs.B)MysticalC) How beliefs shape reality.D) Success and failure.15. What does the speaker think of notion of creating our reality through our thoughts?A) It is too idealistic.B) It is partially truthful.C) It is very dangerous.D) It is totally impossible.16. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this part of the speaker’s lecture?A) The science behind our belief.B) The danger behind our belief.C) The correlation between beliefs and our performance.D) The origin of all religions.17. Who said "we are what we think”?Benson.A)Bandura.B)Buddha.C)D) Branden.Part II Writing (50 minutes)Section A Essay WritingDirections: In this section, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic of Beliefs based on the content of the second lecture clip that you heard in Part I. You can either agree or disagree with the speaker, but have to support your own viewpoint effectively. You should provide a title for your essay and write at least 180 words on the second page of the Answer Sheets.Section B Practical WritingDirections: In this section, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a business letter based on the following information. You should write at lease 120 words on the third page of the Answer Sheets.Suppose you are a businessman and have just received an order(订单) of cotton shirts (see below). Unfortunately, the large size is out of stock. You don’t want to lose the order. Write a reply letter and offer one or two alternative solutions so that you may keep the order.February 15, 2011Dear Sir,The price quote of cotton shirt (item number: Z10020112-1) contained in yourcatalog gained favorable attention with us. We would like to order the followingitems:Large 2000 dozenMedium 4000 dozenSmall 2000 dozenAs the sales season is approaching, we would like to receive the total order quantityby April 30. Please confirm the order and E-mail a shipping schedule.Sincerely,Mr. ThompsonPurchasing Department, Wal-MartPart III Reading (40 minutes)Section A Multiple Choice Questions Based on Short Reading Passages Directions: There are three short reading passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the first page of the Answer Sheets.Passage 1You are where you live, scientists who study genetic variations among people from different geographic regions are finding. For example, people who live in locations that get lots of solar radiation are more likely to have a sweat gland gene variant that may help them cool off more efficiently, geneticist Anna Di Rienzo reported. Humans have settled across the globe, contending with vastly different landscapes, heat, UV radiation levels, food types and pathogens（病原体）. By sorting through loads of genetic data from around the globe, Di Rienzo and her colleagues found that one version of a gene that produces a protein found in sweat glands is more common among people living in hot, sunny locales.The team divided up the world’s regions, classifying them by factors such as polar, dry, tropical and humid. They also sorted out how inhabitants got their food, including data such as whether they were farmers or foragers(觅食者) and what they ate. A variant of a gene called keratin 77, which has a role in the sweat gland, was associated with locations that get high levels of solar radiation in the summer.The study also found many other gene variants that are tied to climatic gradients such as precipitation（降水量）. This approach is different from other ways that researchers look for gene-environment associations because it allows environmental categories to guide researchers’ predictions about what the gene variants do, rather than taking a more “agnostic” view that ignores the ways that different habitats can influence the prevalence of certain genes, Di Rienzo says.On the other hand, Peter Zimmerman of Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in Cleveland says that all sorts of things can influence the genome: “It’s environmental effects, and exposure to different food, different diseases, and different amount of sunlight.” Zimmerman says that while it’s true the environment can sculpt the human genome, its effects are likely to come at a glacial pace. “How rapidly the human genome responds to change, I would say it’s going to be slow. Our generation time is not fast.”18. The study of Di Rienzo and her colleagues shows that _________.A) people from different geographic regions are vastly differentB) people living in hot, sunny locales are more vulnerable to radiationC) genetic variation is more common among people living in hot, sunny localesD) the environment may play a role in changing the human genome19. Which statement is true about keratin 77(Paragraph 2)?A) It was discovered by geneticist Anna Di Rienzo.B) It produces a protein to protect people from some viruses.C) It may help people cool off more efficiently.D) It only exists in a small number of people.20. Other approaches do not yield the same useful results as Di Rienzo’s study because thoseresearchers do not ________.A) divide the world into different regionsB) consider the influence of habitat on genesC) predict what the gene variants doD) include climatic factors in their study21. According to Zimmerman, the environmental impact on genetic change ________.A) is trifle enough to be neglectedB) cannot be separated from other factorsC) cause many problems in our generation timeD) takes a long time to be seen22. The purpose of this piece of writing is to ________.A) advertiseB) informC) clarifyD) criticizePassage 2The most famous swimmer among the English poets, Lord Byron, wrote a jaunty poem on the activity that made him legendary throughout Europe in his lifetime. "Written After Swimming from Sestos to Abydos" reverses and updates the old myth of Leander, who braved the Hellespont every evening to visit Hero on the other side. Whereas the lissome (敏捷的) Greek swam for love, Byron allows that he, "degenerate modern wretch," aimed for fame and glory on the one-mile swim in strong currents he took on May 3, 1810. And where Leander perished in his pursuit, Byron comes out of his adventure with nothing nobler than "the ague," a cold. He took to the water for the same reason that he took so easily to horseback: he could do anything but walk normally. Swimming hid a congenital deformity, a clubfoot, and allowed him to forget it temporarily.With Byron, swimming really enters English literature. The 19th century is full of swimming writers, most notably Arthur Hugh Clough and Algernon Charles Swinburne, the latter of whom preferred dangerous coasts. But there aren't many of them before Byron, aside from Marlowe. Even after the 19th century, writers have tended to ignore the activity: not just poets but also fiction writers and journalists. For every sports writer with an interest in baseball, boxing, or football there has been almost no one to testify to the beauties and pleasures of this loneliest of physical activities, as either an observer or a participant.The reasons for the activity's relative literary neglect are not hard to find. By definition, swimming excludes husbands and wives, lovers, everyone else in the world, indeed everything else except for one's thoughts. Swimming, unique among physical activities, diminishes and almost eliminates the sense of sight, our primary means of engagement with the physical world.Swimming does not come naturally to anyone, except perhaps to those newborns whose mothers decide to return them to a new equivalent of amniotic fluid soon after they emerge from the womb. Otherwise, it's an activity fraught with fear--of sinking, drowning, losing sight, losing control--until one learns to give oneself in or up to water's buoyancy. In addition, before the Salk vaccine more or less eliminated the polio virus, public swimming pools, like drinking fountains, were places burdened with danger. Unlike walking, which we can do without being taught, or even running, which kids do automatically, swimming requires not only instruction but also a kind of courage. My first instructions probably took place at summer day camp under the supervision of a patient counselor, or perhaps even at the hands of my own unathletic parents at a local pool or at the beach in Atlantic City. I must have made it from one end of the pool to the other in high school gym class. I must have splashed in back-yard or country-club pools when I was a teenager. I know I did, but I also know that I was by no stretch of the imagination a swimmer.23. According to Byron himself, he swam the one-mile swim because he wanted to ________.A) seek inspiration to write a poemB) relive the old myth of LeanderC) pursue a romantic adventureD) let people look up to him24. Byron liked swimming mainly because swimming could ________.A) boost his sense of prideB) cover his natural disabilityC) build up his wretched constitutionD) let him forget everything25. There were many swimming writers ________.A) before the 19th centuryB) during the 19th centuryC) after the 19th centuryD) in ancient Greece26. Writers may not take to swimming probably because swimming ________.A) deprives them of visual inspirationB) requires them to stop thinking about anythingC) demands much physical strengthD) is too difficult for them to learn27. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the writer’s parents ___________.A) are very good swimmersB) taught the writer how to swim from the very beginningC) are not very good at swimmingD) don’t like swimming as much as other physical activitiesPassage 3The financial crisis came about because we got complacent, depending on all-knowing financial experts — mortgage lenders, Wall Street sharpers, the Federal Reserve — to run our system expertly. But then the experts did the same thing, imagining that they had laid off all their risks on other experts. Until finally the last expert down the line turned out to be just another greater fool, and the system crashed.We still need experts. But we can no longer abdicate judgment to them or to the system they've cobbled together. This country, after all, was created by passionately engaged amateurs. The American spirit really is the amateur spirit. The great mass of European settlers were amateur explorers, and their grandchildren and great-grandchildren who created the U.S. were amateur politicians. "I see democracy," the late historian Daniel Boorstin wrote, as "government by amateurs, as a way of confessing the limits of our knowledge." In the early 19th century, Alexis de Tocqueville approvingly noted the absence of "public careers" in America — that is, the scarcity of professional politicians.Amateurs do the things they want to do in the ways they want to do them. They don't worry too much about breaking rules and aren't paralyzed by a fear of imperfection or even failure. Active citizenship is all about tapping into one's amateur spirit. "But hold on," you say. "I will never understand credit-default swaps or know how to determine the correct leverage ratio for banks." Me neither, and I don't want to depend on an amateur physician telling me how to manage my health. But we can trust our reality-based hunches about fishy-looking procedures and unsustainable projects and demand that the supposed experts explain their supposed expertise in ways we do understand. The American character is two-sided to an extreme and paradoxical degree. On the one hand, we are sober and practical and commonsensical, but on the other hand, we are wild and crazy speculators. The full-blown amateur spirit derives from this same paradox.I like paradoxes, which is why, even though I'm not particularly religious, Zen Buddhism has always appealed to me. Take the paradoxical state that Buddhists seek to achieve, what they call sho-shin, or "beginner's mind." The 20th century Japanese Zen master Shunryu Suzuki, who spent the last dozen years of his life in America, famously wrote that "in the beginner's mind there are many possibilities, but in the expert's mind there are few." Which sounds to me very much like the core of Boorstin's amateur spirit. "The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance," Boorstin wrote, "but the illusion of knowledge."28. According to the writer, the financial crisis occurred mainly due to ________.A) our ignorance of risksB) the foolishness of expertsC) our blind trust in expertsD) the ill-running of the system29. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that, compared with all-knowing experts, the latehistorian Daniel Boorstin was ________.A) less arrogantB) less knowledgeableC) more practicalD) more energetic30. The writer encourages people to tap into their amateur spirit and ________.A) take care of their own affairsB) break old rules fearlesslyC) make their own judgment about things around themD) determine the correct leverage ratio for banks31. What the amateur spirit and the "beginner's mind" in Zen Buddhism have in common is________.A) the openness of the mindB) the illusion of knowledgeC) the paradox of beliefD) the ignorance of one’s own strength32. Which of the following descriptions does not apply to the amateur spirit?A) commonsensicalB) reality-basedC) open-mindedD) religiousSection B Short Answer Questions Based on Long Reading Passages Directions: There are two long reading passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. Read the passages and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Put your answer on the fourth page of the Answer Sheets.Passage 1In kids 3 to 7 years old, acupuncture plus glasses helped vision improve compared with just glasses alone, said study co-author Dr. Dennis Shun-Chiu Lam, who chairs the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.Amblyopia, or lazy eye, is when vision in one eye is worse than the other. About two to three in 100 people have lazy eye, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology. (It's not the same as "wandering eye," or strabismus — when the eyes point in two different directions — although people often use "lazy eye" to describe both.)At the beginning of the study, all of the kids' vision in the bad eye was about the same, around 20/63. The kids who got acupuncture as well as glasses had about 20/32 vision in their bad eye, on average. This is compared to about 20/40 vision in kids that only wore the glasses.The difference between 20/32 and 20/40 is about the equivalent of being able to read about one line further down on the eye chart, said Dr. Marc Lustig, an assistant professor in department of ophthalmology at the New York University Medical Center.But there's not much of a difference between these two vision scores in real-life terms, Lustig, who did not work on the study, told Reuters Health. And this study is not going to change how eyedoctors treat lazy eye in kids, he noted.Lazy eye is usually treated with glasses or patches to train the bad eye to work better, he said.If left untreated, kids may lose depth perception, or the vision loss may become permanent. After age 9 or so, it can no longer be corrected, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology.A previous study by the same group suggested that acupuncture may work as well as patches for treating lazy eye. (See Reuters Health story of December 16, 2010.)The researchers gave 83 kids with lazy eye in China corrective glasses, then measured how well they could see out of both eyes. Half of the kids were treated with acupuncture five times a week for 15 weeks, then the groups switched. Their eyes were tested at 15, 30, and 60 weeks.After 30 weeks, when both groups had received both the glasses and acupuncture, vision in the bad eye was around 20/30 in both groups.The study, published in the journal Ophthalmology, was what's called a crossover study. That meant that the groups' treatments alternated, so that both had some time with only glasses, and with and without acupuncture."With a crossover design, every child would be promised to have a chance to receive acupuncture, so that it is easier to recruit study subjects and lower the dropout rate," Lam told Reuters Health by email.This is a serious limitation, said Dr. Peter Lipson, an internist in southeastern Michigan, who did not work on the study."I don't think there's any malicious intent, but if you already know that these are people who like acupuncture, they're going to be extremely susceptible to a nice placebo effect," he told Reuters Health.Since both groups received the acupuncture, this anticipation of benefit would be similar in both groups, Lam said, and the placebo effect should have been minimized.Overall, past research has shown that acupuncture is something that makes use of the placebo effect, Lipson said, "which a warm handshake and a smile can do as well."Acupuncture costs vary widely depending on where you live, but ranges anywhere from $25 to $120 a treatment. At this rate, the treatments in the study would cost somewhere between $1,875 and $9,000. Disposable patches cost about $10 a month, Lustig said.It's an interesting study, he said, "but I don't think it's going to change clinical practice in Western medicine, because you're taking an un-invasive treatment and kind of making it invasive.""At least in the U.S., I don't see people sending their 5-year-olds for acupuncture," Lustig said.SAQ 1. From the information we have in the passage, we can know that ophthalmology is the study of _______________________________________ and diseases that affect them.SAQ 2. Amblyopia is different from strabismus as people with amblyopia can see with their eyes pointing _______________________________________.SAQ 3. At what age should lazy eye be treated?_______________________________________.SAQ 4. The crossover study was designed because the researchers wanted to recruit children with amblyopia and _______________________________________.SAQ 5. People who are against the use of acupuncture believe that it's the_______________________________________ that makes the children see or feelbetter after the treatment.Passage 2There is no more pressing topic in education today than closing the achievement gap, and there is no one in America who knows more about the gap than Ronald Ferguson.Although he is a Harvard professor based in Cambridge, Mass., Dr. Ferguson, 60, spends lots of time flying around the country visiting racially mixed public high schools. Part of what he does is academic, measuring the causes of the gap by annually surveying the performance, behaviors and attitudes of up to 100,000 students. And part is serving as a de facto educational social worker, meeting with students, faculty members and parents to explain what steps their schools can take to narrow the gap.The gap is about race, of course, and it inevitably inflames passions. But there is something about Dr. Ferguson’s bearing — he is both big (6-foot-3) and soft-spoken — that gets people to listen.Morton Sherman, the Alexandria school superintendent, watched him defuse the anger at a meeting of 300 people. “He talks about these things in a professorial way, a kind way,” Dr. Sherman said. “It’s not about him. He doesn’t try to be a rock star, although he is a rock star in this field.”While he has a personal stake in closing the gap as an African-American parent who has raised three boys, Dr. Ferguson does not get emotional in tense situations — he gets factual.Geoffrey Canada, president of the Harlem Children’s Zone and star of the documentary “Waiting for Superman,” calls him a “national treasure.” Michael Casserly, director of the Council of the Great City Schools says, “He has done more to help us understand the dynamics behind the achievement gap than anyone else in the country.” Marian Wright Edelman, founder of the Children’s Defense Fund, calls him “thoughtful, careful, fearless.”And yet, as best he can remember — and he is a busy man with lots on his mind — he has never been the subject of a profile in the news media.One reason may be that his views on the gap are too research-based and nuanced to accommodate in a sound bite.He is not as famous as John Ogbu, the late African-born Berkeley professor who argued that the gap could be explained by the cultural behavior of African-Americans, like mocking hard-working classmates for “acting white.”Nor is he as famous as Charles Murray, co-author of “The Bell Curve,” who suggested that the achievement gap is explained by inherited low intelligence.Unlike Dr. Ogbu, an anthropology professor, and Dr. Murray, a political scientist, Dr. Ferguson has his doctorate in economics from M.I.T.; he has been trained to quantify everything. From his surveys of students in dozens of wealthy, racially mixed suburbs — including Evanston, Ill.; Maplewood, N.J.; and Shaker Heights, Ohio — he has calculated that the average grade ofblack students was C-plus, while white students averaged a B-plus. The gap.At the high school here, T. C. Williams — the setting of the movie “Remember the Titans” — he found that 55 percent of white girls reported having an A or A-minus average, compared with less than 20 percent of black girls and boys.His research indicates that half the gap can be predicted by economics: even in a typical wealthy suburb, blacks are not as well-to-do; 79 percent are in the bottom 50 percent financially, while 73 percent of whites are in the top 50 percent.The other half of the gap, he has calculated, is that black parents on average are not as academically oriented in raising their children as whites. In a wealthy suburb he surveyed, 40 percent of blacks owned 100 or more books, compared with 80 percent of whites. In first grade, the percentage of black and white parents reading to their children daily was about the same; by fifth grade, 60 percent to 70 percent of whites still read daily to their children, compared with 30 percent to 40 percent of blacks.He also works with teachers to identify biases, for instance: black children are less likely to complete homework because they are lazy. His research indicates that blacks and whites spend the same amount of time on homework, but blacks are less likely to finish. “It’s not laziness,” he says. “It’s a difference in skills.”How these messages get delivered is crucial. “I don’t want to be another one of those people lecturing black parents,” he says. “I tell them we in the black community — we — need to build stronger intellectual lives at home.”He recalls speaking to a primarily white group at Georgia State University. Afterward, a black parent came up to him. “He told me, ‘I’m not saying you’re wrong, but I’m not comfortable with you saying it in front of this audience,’ ” Dr. Ferguson said. “And I said, ‘It’s not ideal, but this was an opportunity to get these things to you.’ ”SAQ 6. Dr. Ronald Ferguson does his job both as an academic researcher and as an _______________________________________.SAQ 7. At various meetings, while the listeners may show their anger at the situation in the country, Dr. Ferguson does not _______________________________________.SAQ 8. What are the three adjectives Edelman uses to describe Dr. Ferguson?_______________________________________SAQ 9. How does Dr. Ferguson's research method differ from Ogbu's or Murray's?_______________________________________.SAQ 10. According to Dr. Ferguson's research, the achievement gap is caused by two factors. 1.Blacks are not _______________________________________. 2. Black parents are not as academically oriented as whites.。
2008普通高等学校招生全国统考大纲英语
2008普通高等学校招生全国统考大纲英语I.考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生的成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
因此，高考应有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
英语科考试是按照标准化测试要求设计的。
Ⅱ.考试内容和要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，参照教育部2000年颁布的(全日制高级中学英语教学大纲(试验修订版)》，并考虑中学教学实际，制订本学科考试内容。
一、语言知识要求考生能够适当运用基本的语法知识(见附录)，掌握2 000左右的词汇及相关词组(见《全日制高级中学英语教学大纲(试验修订版)》)。
二、语言运用1.听力要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：(1)理解主旨和要义；(2)获取事实性的具体信息；(3)对所听内容作出简单推断；(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。
考生应能：(1)理解主旨和要义；(2)理解文中具体信息；(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义；(4)作出简单判断和推理；(5)理解文章的基本结构；(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3.写作要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。
考生应能：(1)准确使用语法和词汇；(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。
Ⅲ.考试形式与试卷结构1.答卷方式：闭卷、笔试。
2.考试时间：120分钟。
试卷满分为150分。
3.题型：试卷一般可包括多项选择题、完形填空题、听力填空题短文改错、书面表达等题型。
4.试题难易比例：试卷包括容易题、中等题和难题，以中等题为主。
附录语法项目表1.词类1)名词 6)冠词2)形容词 7)数词3)副词 8)介问4)动词 9)连词5)代词 10)感叹词2.名词1)可数和不可数名词 3)专有名词2)名词的复数形式 4)所有格3.代词1)人称代词 4)指示代词2)物主代词 5)不定代词3)反身代词 6)疑问代词4.数词1)基数词 2)序数词5.介词6.连词1)形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法2)比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级8.副词1)时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的2)比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级9.冠词的一般用法10.动词1)动词的基本形式(1)现在式(2)过去式(3)过去分词(4)-ing形式2)行为动词的及物性和不及物性3)连系动词be，get，look，seem，turn，grow，become等4)助动词be，do，have，shall，will等5)情态动词Can_，may，must，ought，need，dare等6)动词的时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)现在完成时(7)过去完成时(8)过去将来时7)动词的被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态(2)一般过去时的被动语态(3)一般将来时的被动语态(4)现在进行时的被动语态(5)现在完成时的被动语态(6)带情态动词的被动语态8)动词的不定式(1)作主语(2)作宾语(3)作宾语补足语(4)作状语(5)作定语(7)用在how，when，Where，what，which，who，whether等后面9)动词的过去分词(1)作定语(2)作表语 .(3)作宾语补足语(4)作状语10)动词的.ing形式(1)作主语(3)作宾语补足语(4)作表语(5)作定语(6)作状语1.句子1)句子的种类(1)陈述句(肯定式和否定式)(2)疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)(3)祈使句(4)感叹句2)句子的成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)直接宾语和间接宾语(6)宾语补足语(7)定语(8)状语3)主谓的一致关系4)简单句的五种基本句型4)简单句的五种基本句型5)并列句6)复合句(1)名词性从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句7)倒装句8)省略句12.构词法1)合成法blackboard，man.made，overthrow，however，everyone2)转换法hand(n.)-hand(v.)，break(v.)一break(n.)，empty(adj.)一empty(v.)3)派生法(1)加前缀：dis-，in一，re.，un-，non.-tion,-fy，-ian，-ing，-is(z)e,-ly，-teen，-ty，-th，-y英语篇:学生交际能力是今年考查重点2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试安徽省英语科考试说明除了对个别文字进行了调整和改动外，整体结构和内容与2007年基本保持一致，也就是说，2008年安徽试卷在考试形式、试卷结构上与去年相比保持了相对稳定的态势，以考查语言运用能力为主，考查语言知识为辅，这有利于高考的安全、公正、科学、高效和平稳过渡。
复旦大学2008级本科新生大学英语分级考试大纲及样题
复旦大学2008级本科新生大学英语分级考试大纲及样题一、基本要求为了帮助学生在大学阶段更好地学习英语，所有进入复旦大学的新生都须参加大学英语分级考试。
考试时请带好铅笔、橡皮、直尺及带有调频调幅的收音机和耳机准时参加考试并记住自己的学号。
参加本次考试的学生须具备以下英语能力：学生应具有领会式词汇3000。
阅读速度达到90wpm,准确率为75%。
能听懂语速每分钟120 wpm的一般性会话和短文。
语法与中学英语教学大纲所规定的要求相同。
我们将根据分级考试的成绩，安排学生分别进入大学英语I、大学英语II、大学英语III 和高级英语课程学习。
大学英语I学习目标：经过一个学期的学习，掌握新词1200，使累计领会式词汇达到4200，其中复用式词汇2500单词。
具体标准：读：阅读速度达到100wpm，准确率为75%。
完成总阅读量5万。
听：能听懂语速每分钟130wmp的一般性会话、报道和讲座。
说：能就一主题或图片或所学课文内容进行连续3分钟左右的陈述。
写：能在30分钟就各种题材写出150词的短文，内容完整，语法正确，条理清晰，句子连贯。
译：翻译一定难度的英语文章段落，速度每小时300词，翻译题材熟悉的汉语文章段落，速度为每小时300词。
大学英语II学习目标：新增词汇1200，累计领会式词汇达到5400，其中复用式3200单词。
具体标准为：读：阅读速度达到120wpm，准确率为75%。
完成总阅读量6万。
听：能听懂语速每分钟150wmp的一般性会话、报道和讲座。
说：能就一主题或图片进行连续5分钟左右的陈述。
写：能在30分钟就各种题材写出180词的短文，内容完整，语法正确，条理清晰，句子连贯。
译：翻译一定难度的英语文章段落，速度每小时350词；翻译题材熟悉的汉语文章段落，速度为每小时350词。
大学英语III学习目标：新增词汇1200，累计领会式词汇达到6600，其中复用式4000单词。
具体标准为读：阅读速度达到130wpm，准确率为75%。
2008上海高考真题英语(word解析)
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.l. A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow. C. Next week. D. Next month.2. A. She doesn't play tennis well. B. She likes other sports as well.C. She is an enthusiastic tennis player.D. She is a professional athlete.3. A. At a paint store. B. At an oil marketC. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.4. A. Work in the yard. B. Buy some wood.C. Go to the bookstore.D. Take a walk.5. A. A. taxi driver. B. A passenger.C. A car cleaner.D. A mechanic.6. A. Call a repairman. B. Get out the paper stuckC. Turn to her colleague for help.D. Restart the machine7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00.C. Parking areas are closed after 10:00.D. All classes begin at 10:00.8. A. The presentation will begin at noon. B. She'll present her work to the man.C. She'd like to invite the man for lunch.D. She suggests working on the presentation at 12:00.9. A. The dormitory hours. B. The problem with the rules.C. The door number of the dormitory.D. The time to open the dormitory.10. A. The chairs didn't need to be painted. B. He doesn't like the color of the chairs.C. The park could have avoided the problem.D. The woman should have been more careful.Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions II through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Worried. B. Surprised.C. Satisfied.D. Uninterested.12. A. It spoiled Juana's reputation. B. It copied her ideas without permission.C. It bought Juana's dishwashers.D. It wanted to share the dishwasher market.13. A. A successful business case. B. Juana's waterless laundry.C. A case against a global company.D. The worldwide dishwasher market.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following instructions.14. A. footprints. B. Food. C. Living insects. D. Orange seeds.15. A. Don't touch animals under any circumstances.B. Don't take away any natural objects from the park.C. Don't leave litter in the park or throw any off the boat.D. Don't transport animals from one island to another.16. A. To protect the guide's interest. B. To improve the unique environment.C. To ensure a trouble-free visit.D. To get rid of illegal behaviours.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will bear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. The two sportsmen congratulated each other______ winning the match by shaking hands.A. withB. onC. inD. to26. — Do you want tea or coffee? —______. I really don't mind.A. NoneB. NeitherC. EitherD. All27. In my view, London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is______ in traffic.A. the most organizedB. more organizedC. so organized asD. as organized as28. — Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?—Terry? Never! She______ tents and fresh air!A. has hatedB. hatedC. will hateD. bates29. According to the air traffic rules, you______ switch off your mobile phone before bearding.A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should30. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle______ to balance it.A. having triedB. tryingC. to tryD. tried31. — Are you ready for Spain?— Yes. 1 want the girls to experience that______ they are young.A. whileB. untilC. ifD. before32. In recent years many football clubs______ as business to make a profit.A. have runB. have been runC. had been runD. will run33. If there's a lot of work______. I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.A. to doB. to be doingC. doneD. doing34. As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about______ he will do or think.A. whatB. whichC. whomD. that35. Something as simple as______ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.A. to drinkB. drinkingC. to be drinkingD. drunk36. It has been proved______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that37. Ideally______ for Broadway theatres and Firth Avenue, the AVw York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests.A. locatingB. being locatedC. having been locatedD. located38. We went through a period______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which39. So much of interest______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.A. offers BeijingB. Beijing offersC. does Beijing offerD. Beijing does offer40. ______well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. No matterD. AlthoughSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that thereFrederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United Stales. He became a41 voce in the yean before the Civil War.A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) 42 Douglass's birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a _43 site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass's personal possessions, had undergone a three-year 44 (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don't have to live in the nation's capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black _45 to bold a government office — as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.As a youth, he never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so be 46 taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system 47 up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the 48 , housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution (美国宪法修正案), which 49 African-Americans the right to vote.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have __50 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been __51 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __52 of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _53 of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children 54 aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__55 is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout 56 at other players or cheer when their child behaves 57 As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is 58 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured 59 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.As a society, we really need to 60_this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches 61 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better 62 They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to 63 , themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that __64 is not as important as winning.50. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive 51. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted 52. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation 53. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence 54. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect 55. A. winning B. practicing C. fun D. sport 56. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults 57. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely 58. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible 59. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all 60. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with 61. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance 62. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions 63. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy 64. A. bodyB. fameC. healthD. spiritSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)ASK LASKASYOU ’VE GOT QUESTIONS. SHE'S GOT ANSWERSMy children go to a primary school where they are not allowed to play football inthe playground for fear that a child might be hurt. Besides, now theschool says there must be nohomework because the local secondary school can't keep up with the amount of homeworkgiven in the primary school. Can the school do this? Puzzled DadIt can't if enough parents do something about it. It is not just schools. We live in a society which wishes to get ridof risk. However, schools should have a little common sense and courage. Children need risk if they arc to grow upself-sufficient and confident. They need homework, too, if they are to fulfill their academic potential. Complain,loudly.I have a beautiful teenage daughter who spends an hour making up her face in front of the mirror every day. I tellher to go easy. She just gets mad or bursts into tears. How can I make her understand she's beautiful the way she is.Plain MomYou can't. Your daughter is at the age when she's trying to look beautiful, trying on new masks. And if her friendsall dress up as she docs, you're in for an extra hard time. Support her and tell her she's beautiful — even if she looksridiculous for now. Then invite her to join you for a day at a spa (健康美容中心). Let her try various looks until she'scomfortable in her own skin.65. Why are the children not allowed to play football in the playground?A. The school is afraid that children might be injured.B. The school is not sensible and confident.C. The children don't have enough time to do homework.D. The children may fail to fulfill their academic potential.66. What disturbs Plain Mom is that her daughter______.A. becomes madB. cries a lotC. spends much rime before the mirrorD. is not beautiful enough67. The solution to Plain Mom's problem is to______.A. make her daughter look less ridiculousB. let her daughter dress up like her friendsC. make her daughter go to a spa every weekD. let her daughter feel herself what beauty is(B)Zoe Chambers was a successful PR (Public Relations) consultant and life was going well —she had a great job, a beautiful flat and a busy social life in London. Then one evening in June last year, she received a text message telling her she was out of work. The first two weeks were the most difficult to live through." she said. "After everything I'd done for the company, they dismissed me by text! I was so angry and I just didn't feel like looking for another job. I hated everything about the city and my life."Then, Zoe received an invitation from an old school friend, Kathy, to come and stay. Kathy and her husband, Huw, had just bought a farm in north-west Wales. Zoe jumped at the chance to spend a weekend away from London, and now, ten months later, she is still on the farm."The moment I arrived at Kathy's farm, I loved it and I knew I wanted to stay." said Zoe. "Everything about my past life suddenly seemed meaningless."Zoe has been working on the farm since October of last year and says she has no regrets. "It's a hard life, physically very tiring." she says. "In London 1 was stressed and often mentally exhausted. But this is a good, healthy tiredness. Here, all 1 need to put me in a good mood is a hot bath and one of Kathy's wonderful dinners."Zoe says she has never felt bored on the farm. Every day brings a new experience. Kathy has been leaching her how to ride a horse and she has learnt to drive a tractor. Since Christmas, she has been helping with the lambing — watching a lamb being born is unbelievable, she says, "It's one of the most moving experiences I've ever had. I could never go back to city life now."68. When working as a PR consultant in London, Zoe thought she lived a______ life.A. satisfyingB. toughC. meaninglessD. boring69. The most important reason why Zoe went to visit Kathy's farm is that______.A. Zoe lost her job as a PR consultantB. Kathy persuaded her to do soC. Zoe got tired of the city lifeD. Zoe loved Wales more than London70. How docs Zoe feel about the country life according to the passage?A. Tiresome and troublesome.B. Romantic and peacefulC. Mentally exhausting but healthyD. Physically tiring but rewarding.71. Which of the following is closest to the main idea of the passage?A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.B. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. A misfortune may turn out a blessing.D. Kill two birds with one stone.(C)A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, arc particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts man any before.University tuition fees (学费)are currently capped at £3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average £31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just £ 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than £ 10000. Average debts for graduates are £ 12，363.Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they arc to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively."Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather, aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.72. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?A. Students understand personal finances differently.B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.D. The students' payback ability has become a major issue.73. The phrase "to raise the ceiling" in paragraph 2 probably means "______".A. to raise the student loansB. to improve the school facilitiesC. to increase the upper limit of the tuitionD. to lift the school building roofs74. According to Stephen Moir, students_______.A. are too young 10 be exposed 10 financial issuesB. should learn 10 manage their finances wellC- should maintain a positive attitude when facing loansD. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance75. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters wellB. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.C. Financial planning is a required course at college.D. Young people should become responsible adults.(D)The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years. And oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2004. These food-price increases, combined with increasing energy costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even affect political stability. Practical solutions to these problems do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. The first is to promote the dramatic success of Malawi, a country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or S10 billion altogether.Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol (乙醇) changed from corn. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods — tree crops, grasses and wood products — but there's no case for the government to pay to put the world's dinner into the gas tank.Third, we urgently need to weather-proof die world's crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond —which collects rainwater to be used in dry weather —can make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation hind to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.76. An international fund based on the Malawi model would______.A. cost each of the developed countries $10 billion per yearB. aim to double the harvest in southern African countries In a yearC. decrease the food prices as well as the energy pricesD. give poor farmers access to fertilizer and highly productive seeds77. With the second step, the author expresses the idea that ______.A. it is not wise to change food crops into gasB. it is misleading to put tree crops into the gas tankC. we should get alternative forms of fuel in any wayD. biofuels should be developed on a large scale78. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. A rain-collecting pond is a simple safeguard against dry wealB. A Climate Adaptation Fund has been established to help poorC. The world has made a serious promise to build farm ponds.D. It makes a great difference whether we develop wood products or not.79. In the passage, the author calls on us to______.A. slow down but not to stop economic.B. develop tree crops, grasses and wood productsC. achieve economic growth and political stabilityD. act now so as to relieve the global food shortageSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra80.The causes of eating disorders are not clear. There may be genetic or biochemical factors in some cases. There may be psychological problems from early childhood or the present (such as school or family conflicts) that trigger the problem. Often, there is the double pressure to enjoy life through food and yet remain ultra-slim. Society all around us encourages eating and drinking as main ways to enjoy life- To be popular, you are supposed to eat, eat, eat.81. But in real life most people, if they keep consuming like that, just keep pulling on more and more weight They then find themselves in conflict with another dominant pressure in society — to stay slim and trim. Models in ads, even those shown earing fairy foods, are usually physically lit and quite thin. All of these pressures put teens in a terrible situation. The ".solution" that some teens choose is to deny themselves all the time so as to keep temptation away. Bui soon, hunger and food boredom lead to overeating. Over time they develop anorexia or ballerina.82. Once an earing disorder has become firmly established, there is no easy cure. Someone who's never suffered anorexia and never known an anorexic might be tempted to think. "It's simple — just tell them to eat more!" Unfortunately, it's not that simple. Even when anorexics have been brought into the hospital and arc receiving physical care, nutritional therapy, and psychiatric care, many don't improve much.83. Our society's obsession with thinness, together with a constant emphasis on the theme that rich food means pleasure, puts many teens in a difficult situation. Being drawn to overeating on the one hand and self-denial on the other can bring about anorexia or bulimia — or both. Anorexics seem to feel that no matter how much weight they lose, they are still too fat Therefore, it is important for each person in our society to try to maintain a healthy and realistic self-image. Don't compareyourself with the models and actors in the media. Set your sights more realistically by comparing yourself with family and friends, if anyone.84.Self-denial is the typical first step toward a caring disorder. Eventually, desires for what you've denied yourself become unbearable, and you react with either a binge or overly fierce self-control. The answer is not of course. 10 eat all the snacks and trace you fancy. But 10 avoid that first step that leads to overeating, strive for a good and healthy diet. Such a diet is based primarily on grain products, fruits, and vegetables, with moderate amounts of meat and dairy products and with small amounts of snacks and desserts. Research demonstrates that miss kind of diet leaves you more alert and energetic.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我们打篮球的时间到了。
2007—2008学年《大学体验英语(基础)》期末考试考试大纲
2007—2008学年《大学体验英语（基础）》期末考试考试大纲一．考试班级：08级公外各个班二．考试题型及分值Part I V ocabulary and Structure （30%）Section A Choose the best answer (20%)Section B Filling the blanks (10%)Part II Reading Comprehension （30%）Part III Choose the best answer to complete the passage (10%)Part IV Translation （30%）考试范围及注意事项本次考试范围为Unit 1—Unit 10，Passage A、B为主，语法为次。
Part I 在Passage A，Passage B后的练习题中或在课文及词汇表中，部分在教材的Self-assessment Test；Part II 一篇在教材的Self-assessment Test，两篇在课外；Part III 翻译在Passage A、B、语法的翻译练习中。
三．评分标准Part I 1—30题1分1个；Part II 31—45 题2分1个；Part III 46—55题1分1个；Part IV 56—65 题3分1个。
四、复习题1滨海是一座美丽的城市。
Binhai is a beautiful / nice city.2 飞机定于10 点抵达。
The plane is due at ten.3 欢迎到伦敦来。
Welcome to London.4 戴维和他的院长带着他们的中国朋友游览伦敦。
David and his president show their Chinese friends around London.5 图书馆外有许多花草树木。
There are a lot of trees and flowers outside the library.6 这座古城中有许多现代化的建筑。
2008年上海外国语大学英语综合以及答案
完型：1.gold 2.challenge 3.clear 4.living 5.trace nded 7.world 8.adaptable 9.distracting 10.hospital 11.ration 12.took 13.patient 14.face 15.track 16.recognized 17.bath 18.abrasive 19.foot 20.other 21.behalf 22.found 23.croweded 24.key 25.open 26.soul 27.same 28.Go 29. edge 30.worhty改错：1.up后加with 2.on改为by/via/through 3.删掉up 4.aimed后加at 5.who改为whose 6.escape后加from 7.删掉from 8.actual前加an 9.harmony改为harmonious 10.删掉place阅读: passage one: ABACDBpassage two: BBACApassage three: ADDCDCpassage four: DCBDBApassage five: BCCADBC2008年英语语言文学专业英语综合cloze和改错答案All three winners of this year's Nobel Prize for Medicine are eminent scientists, but Mario Capecchi is the one with the spiral-staircase story: the starving, homeless Italian street kid who found his way to America, to Harvard, to Utah, ever the refugee, before finally arriving at eternal glory and the Nobel Prize. It's in many ways a familiar tale, Oliver Twist meets Albert Einstein, the pilgrim who comes to the promised land expecting, as he says, "the roads to be paved in gold. What I found actually was just opportunity." But his story also has enough nice serrated edges to challenge our theories about genes and genius and what really makes us who we are.You could say the visionary geneticist had a clear genetic edge. Capecchi's grandmother was a painter, his uncle a renowned physicist, and his mother Lucy Ramberg an expat American poet living in a chalet in the Italian Alps when Mario was born in 1937. She had fallen in with a group of bohemian writers who believed, her son says with just a trace of bemusement, that "they could wipe out Fascism and Nazism with a pen." After the Gestapo came in 1941 to take her to Dachau, Mario landed on the streets. He was 4 years old.All children have their own normal; they have not yet seen any worlds other than their own. Capecchi's world was an uncontrolled experiment in resilience. "I never felt sorry for myself," he recalls. "Children are remarkably adaptable. Put them in a situation, and they simply will do whatever it is they need to do."For his band of urchins, that meant a cunning, methodical pursuit of food and shelter. They worked together like raptors, one child distracting the street vendor so another could steal the fruit. Capecchi finally landed in a hospital in Reggio Emilia, where he could starve more systematically. The daily ration was a piece of bread and some chicory coffee, and to keep the children from running off, "they took all of our clothes away." He lay on a bed with no sheets, no blankets, feverish with hunger. It was there he learned the art of patient plotting as he imagined all the ways he might escape and the obstacles he'd face to do so.In 1945, when American soldiers liberated Dachau, Lucy went hunting for her son. She scoured hospital records, searching for more than a year before she tracked him down. It was on his 9th birthday, Oct. 6, 1946, that the mother he scarcely recognized arrived, a new Tyrolean outfit in hand, including the hat with the feather. She took him to Rome, where he had his first bath in six years, and ultimately to the New World, where they settled in a Quaker commune outsidePhiladelphia.Creativity, Capecchi once said, comes from "the abrasive juxtaposition" of life experiences. His old life and new one certainly rubbed each other raw. Some teachers wrote off the feral boy who had never set foot in a school and spoke no English; but others gave him paints and told him to make murals to communicate. One day he was beating up the other third-graders, since that was what he knew how to do. And soon he was beating up older kids on behalf of his peers. "That gave me a position," he says, "some social standing."Capecchi ultimately found his way to Harvard, the center of the universe in the early days of molecular biology. But he felt crowded by colleagues whose rivalries consumed them as much as their research. So he set off for the University of Utah, where the sight lines suited him better and collegiality was the key to success. He lives in a house high over a canyon. "I love looking across long distances," he says. "I think it sort of opens up my mind."This vista is necessary for his work as well as his soul. Capecchi looks at science as a series of circles: the smallest circle is the one in which everyone is doing the same thing. As you move farther out, "fewer people are willing to go there, but you're charting new areas. Go too far, step out of bounds, and you're in science fiction. So you have to be careful. But you want to be as close to the edge as possible." When he first proposed manipulating mouse genes to help model disease, the nih gatekeepers thought he was over the line. "Not worthy of pursuit," they said of his grant proposals. Happily, Capecchi ignored them.2008年改错In his 1988 best seller A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking captivated readers with mind-bending conundrums bound to awaken childlike wonder even among the terminally unimaginative: for instance, if the universe is expanding, where is it expanding to?Now Hawking has teamed up with his daughter, Lucy Hawking, to write George's Secret Key to the Universe, the first in a trilogy of novels directed at the fertile minds of children themselves. In an interview via e-mail, Stephen Hawking, who holds Sir Isaac Newton's former chair in mathematics at Cambridge University, explains: "The aim of the book is to encourage children's sense of wonder at the universe. We want them to look outward. Only then will they be able to make the right decisions to safeguard the future of the human race."Those are high stakes indeed, and the Hawkings spin an apocalyptic yarn to explore them. George's Secret Key to the Universe, aimed at 9- to 11-year-olds, tells the story of a young boy, George, and a cheery astrophysicist, Eric, whose talking computer opens a portal to the known universe. The duo don spacesuits and use the portal to search for planets to which humanity can escape from the irreversible warming of the earth. Along the way, George and the reader learn the basics of astrophysics and astronomy through illustrations and captioned photographs. "You don't need an actual secret key to explore the universe," George ultimately discovers. "There's one that everyone can use. It's called physics."The Hawkings portray the universe as harmonious and largely benign. Super-novas are fireworks for George's entertainment; black holes are harmless. But our present knowledge of the universe suggests that it is, in fact, a desolate and often violent expanse in which humankind plays an inconsequential role. Deep study of the cosmos, while affirming the accidental beauty of life,would seem to reinforce its futility rather than its significance. So are the Hawkings concealing the true nature of the universe from their young readers?。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛(D)级参考答案
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛（D）级参考答案Part I Listening ComprehensionSection B: 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. ASection A: 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. ASection C: 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. BSection D: 21. accident 22. old age 23. by lightning 24. lay down 25. awoke 26. in front of 27. in nine years 28. sight 29. flash 30. as a resultPart II Vocabulary and Structure31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. CPart III Reading ComprehensionSection A: 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. BSection B: 51. T 52. T 53. F 54. F 55. FSection C:56. Computer crimes. / Computer criminals.57. Because they are untouched by human hands / are handled by computers.58. By claiming a computer error.59. Leave her job. / Quit her work.60. computer experts61. The computer criminals don't use guns.62. get revenge63. a small part of somethingSection D:64. reason 65. change the way 66. happy or nothing 67. unwanted 68. care 69. stop using 70. solvePart IV ClozeSection A: 71. inventor 72. effect 73. communication 74. explorers 75. circlingSection B:76. famous 77. book 78. few 79.wealthy 80. emperor 81. returned 82. capital 83. situated 84. summer 85. palacePart V TranslationSection A:86. 不管你要去的街道有多小、有多不起眼儿，他们都能准确无误地把你送到那里。
复旦大学2008年优秀高中生文化水平
复旦大学2008年优秀高中生文化水平选拔测试试卷(B卷)本试卷共30页，满分1000分；每题5分，共200题；考试时间为180分钟。
考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题卡上都用钢笔或圆珠笔填写姓名、中学名称、准考证号，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写试卷类型(A卷或B卷)和准考证号。
2．本卷为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂在答题卡上。
在答题卡上，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择并填涂。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
3．本卷每题答对得5分，不答得O分，答错扣2分！！1．[元]施惠《绿林寄迹》：“倚山为寨，号为拦路虎。
金银财宝，劫来如粪土。
”句中的“拦路虎”一语作（）。
A．补语B，状语c．动宾短语的宾语D．宾语2．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是（）。
A. 演绎必竞绊脚石目不暇接B．去逝耽搁爆发力举步维艰C．斡旋戏谑白内瘴运筹帷幄D．贸然简练纪录片舔犊情深3．鲁迅《月界旅行》七回：“那麦思敦更觉气色傲然，或饮或食，忽踊忽歌，大有…此间乐不恩蜀‟之意。
”与句中“乐不思蜀”构成反向意义的是( )。
A．留连忘返B．饮水思源C. 乐而忘返D．乐不可支4．【明】归庄《万古愁》；“有几个狼奔豕突的燕和赵，有几个狗屠驴贩奴和盗。
”与句中“狼奔豕突”近义的是（）。
A．鱼贯而行B．狼吞虎咽C．狼狈不堪D．抱头鼠串5．张洁《爱，是不能忘记的》：“有人就会说你的神经出了毛病，或是你有什么见不得人的隐私，或是你政治上出了什么问题，或是你刁钻古怪，看不起凡人，不尊重千百年来的社会习惯，你准是个离经叛道的邪人。
”句中“离经叛道”的结构属于（）。
A．主谓式B．并列式C．偏正式D．连动式6．下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的—句是（）。
A．“学好语文的关键是什么?”他顿了一顿，郑重地说，“就是要注意日常积累和在课堂上认真听讲。
复旦大学本科生新生大学英语分级考试试卷样题
复旦大学本科生新生大学英语分级考试试卷样题复旦大学本科生新生大学英语分级考试试卷（样题）College English Placement TestPart I ListeningSection ADirections:In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) In a classroom.B) In a restaurant.C) In a registration office.D) In a library.2. A) To take a message.B) To look up the phone number in the directory.C) To connect Mr. Jones with Miss Ruth.D) To return the call.......Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. There are laws on the books to combat fraud, _______________ whether it is conducted through the mail, over the phone, or on the Internet.A) regardless of B) on account of C) on behalf of D) by virtue of2. The United States declared war on Britain in 1812. The first cause of the war was British interference ____________ American shipping.A) at B) to C) with D) on......Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:There's no doubt that primitive mankind first trod the world without the benefit of clothing. Historians suggest that thousands, perhaps millions of years passed before animal skins became fashionable. Then, sometime in the dim past, man discovered that the hair of certain animals pressed together stayed together. The fabric known as felt replaced animal skins. No one knows the age of felt - only that it was in use long before Neolithic man learned how to weave cloth a mere twelve thousand years ago.The manufacture of felt is simple. Seen through a microscope, the hair of many animals appears as a barbed strand, the barbsall pointing toward the tip of the hair. When a number of hairs are pressed together, those which lie in opposite directions unite barbs and resist efforts to pull them apart.Legend has it that St. Clement (patron saint of felt makers) discovered felt when, at the beginning of a long journey, he put carded wool between his feet and the soles of his sandals. When he reached his destination, he found no carded wool in his sandals. The wool had been compressed into felt.1. This passage is about ________________________.A) how to weave clothB) the first man-made fabricC) St. Clement, inventor of the scandalD) the manufacture of artificial hides2. Before the invention of felt, man was forced _____________________________.A) to wear clothes of woven fabricB) to swing naked through the treesC) to wear sandals made of carded woolD) to wear the skins of animals3. The manufacture of felt uses ___________________________.A) a chemical reaction between wool and leatherB) pressure applied over a period of timeC) the strange physical characteristics of some animal hairsD) the wool carder and the microscope4. The author considered felt as _________________________.A) the gift of St. Clement to manB) the bridge between animal hides and woven clothC) a strong, lightweight, durable fabricD) a material used for padding sandals5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to______________________.A) give the age, manufacturing process and origin of feltB) reason why felt was not discovered earlierC) make a comparison of the merits of felt and woolD) show different viewpoints of the importance of felt......。
《大学英语》A1考试大纲(1)
《大学英语A（一）》课程考试大纲课程类别：公共必修课课程编号：994006英文名称：College English A Ⅰ适用对象：全院非英语、体育、艺术类各专业本科生一、考试大纲说明(一)课程性质、目的与任务大学英语是一门为非英语专业学生开设的公共必修课程，本课程以全面培养听、说、读、写、译的英语基本语言技能为目的。
学生通过本课程的学习，掌握必需的实用的英语语言知识和写作技能，具有初步阅读和翻译英文资料的能力，为进一步提高英语的理解能力和应用能力打下基础。
(二)考试目标和要求1.了解与教材相关的文化背景知识；2.理解教材中的各个语言知识点；3.掌握英语的基本语言技能；4.运用本课程的基本知识分析和解决英语学习中所遇到的具体问题。
(三)命题依据及命题原则1．命题依据：本课程的考试依据《大学英语教学要求》（教育部），《大学英语教学大纲A(一)》（湖南人文科技学院外语系制订），以及以下教材及教学参考书目而制定。
教材：郑树棠主编,新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）·学生用书1，北京:外语教学与研究出版社，2008年3月。
教学参考书目：(1)郑树棠主编，新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）·教师用书1，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2008年3月。
(2)郑树棠主编，新视野大学英语综合训练1，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2011年3月。
(3)罗德芬主编，新潮大学英语泛读教程1，上海：复旦大学出版社，2011年5月。
(4)潘晓燕主编，新视野大学英语课文辅导1，广东：世界图书出版公司，2008年9月。
2．命题原则：（1）本课程的考试命题在教学大纲规定的教学目的、教学要求和教学内容的范围之内；考学过的以及课外要求的内容。
（2）考试命题突出课程的重要内容和基本知识。
(四)考试形式及试卷结构：1.试卷总分：100分。
2.考试时限：120分钟。
3.试题类型：主观题和客观题兼有。
4.考试方法：笔试。
5.考试方式：闭卷。
2008年复旦大学附中英语高考仿真试卷
2008年复旦大学附中英语高考仿真试卷第一卷（共110分）I. Listening Comprehension(30分,每题1.5分)Pare A: Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. (A) He can't go this weekend. (B) He has a hole in his bathing suit.(C) They should stay at the beach longer. (D) They shouldn't spend much money.2. (A) Turn the alarm off. (B) Live on a farm. (C) Move his alarm clock. (D) Go to bed earlier.3. (A) He hasn't and time to find another apartment.(B) His mother dusted her apartment the day before last.(C) He hasn't cleaned the apartment since his mother visited.(D) His mother was the last person to come over to his apartment.4. (A) Making a pot of coffee. (B) Trying different brands of coffee.(C) Drinking less coffee. (D) Getting a different coffee pot.5. (A) Some music cassettes.(B) Some school supplies (C) Something to drink.(D) Something to eat.6. (A) He has finished his biology project. (B) He'll feel happier when the project is completed.(C) He's annoyed with everyone. (D) He took a nap in biology class.7. (A) She knows very little about bicycles. (B) She doesn't want the man to study.(C) The man likes to study outdoors. (D) The man isn't ready to study yet.8. (A) Try to find it in the house (B) Repair the roof. (C) Lend his friend a pen (D) Become extremely angry.9. (A) She agrees with the man. (B) She didn't hear what the man said.(C) She is surprised by his opinion. (D) She thinks he should look at it again.10.(A) The weather forecast has often been wrong. (B) No more rain is needed(C) It's going to rain today (D) They'll have more time tomorrow.Part B: Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part B, you will hear two longer conversations. After each conversation, you will be asked two question. The conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in you paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation:11. (A) To a rock and mineral show. (B) To an opera at the concert hall.(C) To a movie at the student center. (D) To a popular music concert.12. (A) She gets a student's discount. (B) Bob doesn't have very much money.(C) She lost a bet and owes Bob money. (D) Bob left his wallet at home.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation:13. (A) In a classroom. (B) In a snack bar (C) In the dormitory. (D) Ina camera shop.14. (A) He worked for a radio station. (B) He lived in a dormitory.(C) He took a long trip. (D) He visited the man's family.Part C: PassagesDirections: In Part C, you will hear two short passage, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage:15. (A) To explain the importance of learning rhythm and harmony in jazz.(B) To show that jazz is not really music at all.(C) To point out similarities between jazz and classical music(D) To describe what makes a good jazz performing it.16. (A) They memorize their music before performing it.(B) They are more famous than performers of other kinds of music.(C) They perform their music as a means of individual.(D) They possess detailed knowledge of the rules of jazz composition.17. (A) Practice various jazz rhythms.(B) Interview a jazz musician(C) Watch a film about jazz performers(D) Listen to some recordings of jazz music.Questions 18 and 20 are based on the following conversation:18. (A) A radio broadcast. (B) A political discussion (C) A sales promotion (D)A health documentary19. (A) Where fruit is grown (B) How fruit becomes ripe (C) Why fruit falls from trees. (D) Which fruits are edible20. (A) The fruit itself (B) The air surrounding the fruit(C) The spray applied by farmers. (D) The tree or vines to which the fruit is attached.II. Grammar(20分，每题１分)21._____ we had expected, Liu Tian was admitted into Fudan University.(A) Like (B) What (C) As (D) What if22. Clara often took her pigeon to some places far away ________ let it fly home.(A) so that (B) hence (C) otherwise (D) and then23. Do you think ______ doing some listening in the morning is a nice way of developing listening?(A) why (B) how (C) that (D) whether24. I'd appreciate _______ if you could lend me a hand with my homework.(A) so (B) it (C)that (D) you25. _____ vocabulary you have, ______ you'll find it to read the newspaper of English-speaking countries.A) The larger…the easier B) The larger…the more easily C) The more…the easier D) The more …the more easily26. From then on , the town _____rapidly. (A) has grown (B) is grown (C) grew (D) is growing27. Are you still here? You _______ at home hours ago.(A) oughtn't to have stayed (B) shouldn't stay(C) couldn't have stayed(D) needn't stay28. _______ up in a blanket, Harold was helped into the ambulance.(A) Having wrapped (B) Wrapped (C) Being wrapped(D) Wrapping29. When I passed by Tom's house , I noticed him ___ by his father. A) beat B) beaten C) being beaten D) beating30. Was Tom the only one ________ knew well at yesterday's party? (A) that (B) who (C) whom (D) you31. Have you finished your work _____? What a hardworking boy!(A) already (B) yet (C) still (D) almost32. He hasn't left his hometown ______ his return from Shanghai.(A) for (B) on (C) since (D) by33. _______ will you take to prepare for you papers?(A) How soon (B) How long (C) How often (D) How far34. Mary is a top student in the class. You cannot speak ___highly of her.(A) very (B) well (C) much (D) too35. ____ it rains tomorrow? I think we'd better take umbrellas.(A) In case (B) If only (C) How come (D) What if36. ______ you work more efficiently are you able to catch up with others in the class.(A) Only when (B) Long before (C) Unless (D) Until37. I think there are only a few sports that are both ____ and ______.(A) entertaining…relaxed (B) entertaining…relaxing(C) entertained…relaxed (D) entertained…relaxing38. The careless driver is ______ for the traffic accident ______ yesterday.(A) to blame. .happened (B) to blame…happening(C) to be blamed…happened (D) to be blamed…happening39. He said that he had nothing _______.(A) to feed his birds (B) to feed his birds with (C) to feed his birds on (D) feeding on his birds40. In the Olympic Games, swimming is ______ second ______ importance only to track and field events.(A) the…to (B) /…to (C) the…in (D)/…inIII. Vocabulary (10分，每题１分)41. Many neighbours _______ that they couldn't stand the noise of the machines on the construction sits.(A) complained (B) informed (C) described (D) expressed42. The explorer got a disease in blood for the _____ of fresh vegetables and fruit.(A) sake (B) lack (C) ignorance (D) knack43. The ship ＂Titanic＂was _____ when it hit into an iceberg.(A) wounded (B) sunk (C) wrecked (D) failed44.I wonder if such a little boat can _____ so many passenger to the other side of the river at a time.(A) occupy (B) hold (C) fetch (D) carry45. They seemed not to be ______ of what was happening around him.(A) known(B) clear (C) anxious (D) aware46. I'm afraid these new trousers are so tight as not to ________.(A) large (B) have on (C) put on(D) go on47. The librarian told me only the ______ numbers can be taken out and kept for some(A) large (B) current (C) back (D) former48. Some will run the risk of killing themselves and their families ________ admit they don't know how to mend the lamp that has gone wrong. (A) instead of (B) rather than (C) in place of (D) other than49. Pills and bottles of medicine should be kept ________ of children.(A) under lock and key (B) away (C) beyond reach (D) within reach50. My watch goes wrong again , so I have to have it ______right.(A) set (B) mended (C) repaired (D) fixedIV. Cloze (２０分，每题１分)(A)There were two men in my office --- Mr. Black and Mr. White. Everyone enjoyed __51___with Mr. Black, but no ___52_____liked Mr. White.Mr. Black was always polite. When he wanted something done, he would ask,＂Would you mind __53___ the door, please?＂Mr. White was just the opposite. He usually shouted across the room.＂Close the door and hurry up!＂But one morning. Mr. White __54____ us. At first we thought he __55___ sick. He was kind and polite. ＂Miss Jane,＂he asked, ＂could you tell me ___56___ it isn't much trouble for you to copy the telephone number for me ?＂Miss Jane was astonished. ___57___ after that, Mr. White said, ＂Miss Mary, could you please open the window?＂It ＇s quite warm in here.＂We couldn't imagine __58___ he was so ___59___. Should we offer him aspirins? Or had Mr. White become good?Soon the thing was cleared up. ＂Ladies, ＂Mr. Black said, ＂I was told that the president of the company will be here soon. He will __60___ our work here, and he is going toad money to those work will.＂51. (A) to work (B) working (C) work (D) works52. (A) body (B) people (C) man (D) one53. (A) to close (B) close (C) closing (D) closed54. (A) was surprised (B) was surprising (C) surprised (D) was surprised by55. (A) must be (B) can be (C) would be (D) may be56. (A) if (B) why (C) that (D) how57. (A) Then (B) So (C) Right (D) As58. (A) how (B) why (C) if (D) that59. (A) strange (B) strangely (C) kind (D) bad60. (A) visit (B) accept (C) inspect (D) be pleased with(B)Red is used in many American _______. It can be used to speak of happiness, as in ＂a red-letter day＂. This is a day when something special happens. The expression probably is ______ on church customs. Almost for six hundred years, church calendars have been ______ with red to indicate special holidays. Today's calendars(日历) still are marked that way with the ______ of holidays, and special days ______ in red. The expression Red-letter Day is often heard in everyday conversation. A red-letter day is especially happy. It may be a day _____ you've long waited for, a wedding day, for example, ______ it may be a day with a happy time. You might tell your friend that yesterday was red-letter day, because you _____ some money in the state lottery(彩券).Red also is used in some expressions that are _____ happy. Red-Handed is one. To be Caught Red-Handed is to be caught actually performing a wrong _____. You're guilty.61. (A) languages (B) words (C) stories (D) expressions62. (A) seen (B) from (C) based (D) followed63. (A) done (B) marked (C) written (D) painted64. (A) names (B) dates (C) days (D) meanings65. (A) printed (B) copied (C) typed (D) written66. (A) when (B) as (C) of which (D) that67. (A) and (B) but (C) for (D) or68. (A) paid (B) were paid (C) won (D) lost69. (A) less (B) not (C) few (D) little70. (A) matter (B) thing (C) act (D) jobV. Reading Comprehension (３０分，每题２分)(A)Also everyone knows the meaning of Mr., Mrs., and Miss. Mr. is used before the names of men. Mrs. is for married women and Miss is for single women. But what is Ms?For some time business in the United States have used Ms before a woman's name when they do not know whether the woman is married or not. Today, however, many women prefer to use Ms rather than Mrs. or Miss. The word Mr. does not tell us whether or not a man is married. Many women think this is an advantage for men. They want to be equal to men in this way. These women feel that it is not important for people to know whether they are married or not.There are some problems with Ms, however. Not all women like it. Some like the older ways of doing thing. Some find it difficult to pronounce. (Ms sounds like ＂Miz＂,) Generally, young women like it better than older women do . It is difficult to know whether or not Ms will be used by more American women in the future.71. Which of the following sentences is true?(A) Businessmen in the United Sates always use Ms before women's names.(B) All women like the new word Ms. (C) All women do not like the new word Ms.(D) The women who like Ms feel it important for people to know whether or not they are married.72. In the author's opinion, it is ______ if more American women will use Ms in the future.(A) difficult to make a decision (B) difficult to know (C) necessary to make a decision (D) necessary to know73. The author of this passage mainly wants to tell ______.(A) the word Ms is an advantage for all women (B) how the word Ms has come into use.(C) Ms is different from Mr., Mrs. and Miss (D) business use Ms when they do not know if a woman is married(B)At the west end of the clearing, the men stood in a circle around the snake. Roger tried time and again. He could get the head in the fork, but when he tried to bring it to the ground it would slip out. And the snake was becoming more and more angry.＂It is going to spit,＂warned Joro.＂Let it spit. It can't shoot this far.＂roger was at least three meters from the snake.In the next instant Roger learned a lesson he would never forget . Two white streams shot out from the snake's poison fangs(毒牙)．He would never have believed it possible. How could the snake be so accurate? How did it know that the weakest part of an enemy was the eye?He brushed the poison away with the back of his band. It did no good. Enough had gone in to give him great pain. Worst of all, he found himself half blind.74. Roger didn't listen to the warning because ______.(A) the snake wasn't able to shoot that far (B) he knew it was going to spit(C) e had made preparations for it to spit (D) he had never thought it could shoot as far as three meters75. According to the passage, which of the following is true?(A) The moment Roger stopped saying, the snake attacked him.(B) Before Roger realized it would spit, it attacked him.(C) While Roger was having a lesson, it attacked him(D) When Roger saw two white streams coming, he stepped aside.76. In the sentence ＂He would never have believed it possible＂the word ＂it ＂refers to _____.(A) the snake (B) the snake's poison (C) Roger's eye (D) the snake's shooting Roger's eye77. What lesson shall we draw from their accident?(A) A snake is very clever. (B) Run away at the sight of a snake.(C) Don't be too sure of ourselves. (D) It is a pity to be half-blind.(C)After Washington's army took up Boston, the Second Continental Congress passed certain measures to bring the colonies(殖民地)into a closer union. Yet in all these discussions, the actual word INDEPENDENCE W AS NEVER OFFICIALL Y USED. Many members of the Congress were not ye ready to separate from England. Other members were afraid that if the fighting went against them, they might all be put to death as traitors(叛徒).There was , however, a small group of patriots who fought continuously for independence. They argued that the war was already going on. Furthermore, if the colonies expected to get help from other countries- for example, form France- then a complete break with England was necessary. OnJune 7, 1776, one of their members, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia, presented a resolution that these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free ad independent states. The resolution was bitterly argued but later accepted by the Congress. A committee of five members was named to draw up such a declaration.78. Why was the word independence not officially used?(A) Because all the members were strongly against it .(B) Because some members were not ready to separate form England.(C) Because some members were afraid to be killed by England.(D) Because all the members didn't agree to leave England.79. What is true according to the passage?(A) All the members strongly favour the resolution. (B) The members met in Washington D. C.(C) Te British government treated treason(变节) very seriously.(D) The members argued bitterly about the resolution at last.80. How did the patriots argue about the independence?(A) It was necessary if they wanted help.(B) It was right for tem to be free and independent.(C) It was necessary, for the war was going on. (D) All the above.81. The declaration came into being because _______.(A) they took measures to unite the colonies (B) they fought well(C) a group of people fought continuously for the independence (D) Henry Lee presented his resolution(D)Science has told us so much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be like to get there. It is certainly not a friendly place. Since there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. There is not much variety of scenery cither. For mile after mile there are only flat plains of dust with mountains around them. Above, the sun and stars shine in the black sky. If you step out of the mountain shadow, it means moving from the severe cold into intense(强烈的)heat. These extreme temperatures continually break rocks away from the surface of the mountains. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But beyond the broken horizon, you see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the stars. From this distance, it looks like an immense(巨大的)blue, green and brown ball.82. Without ______, the moon is a silent world. (A) man (B) air (C) sound(D) water83. According to the passage we know that _______.(A) the earth looks like a coloured ball(B) we can enjoy the scenery on the moon(C) every inch of the moon is very hot(D) the extreme temperature breaks rocks away form the surface of mountains84. We can conclude that ＂continually＂means ____. (A) sometimes (B) always (C) without break (D) frequently85. The best title for passage is ＂________＂.(A) An Unfriendly and Friendly Place (B) The Geography of the Moon (C) Moon, a Silent World (D) The Moon第二卷（共４０分）VI. Translation（１５分，每题３分）1.演出结束后，那位著名男演员和几位影迷合影并愉快地交谈了一会儿。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题及答案
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A (7 marks)1-7 BBAABACSection B (8 marks)8-15 BBCCAABCSection C (5 marks)16-20 CCBBASection D (10 marks)21. share 22. like 23. resource 24. possible 25. basic concepts 26. analyse 27. require your attention 28. urgent needs 29. Lastly 30. availablePart II Vocabulary and Structures (10 minutes, 15 marks)31-35 BADDC 36-40 DCCCA 41-45 ADDBBPart III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (5 marks)46-50 DACDDSection B (5 marks)51-55 FTFFTSection C (16 marks)56. Saving interesting old buildings. / Conservation of old towns / cities / San Antonio.57. Buildings.58. In the early 1700s.59. Many missions or churches built by the Spanish.2008 National English Contest for College Students(Level D - Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准- 13 -60. Preserved.61. By giving tea parties and selling cakes.62. They wanted to preserve the beauty of San Antonio.63. They want people to know about San Antonio蒺s history.Section D (14 marks)64. for treating 65. music therapy / music 66. illnesses 67. complex sounds 68. stimulate 69. fun 70. classical musicPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (5 marks)71. belief 72. Apparently 73. unwilling 74. making 75. thirdSection B (10 marks)76. meant 77. building 78. collections 79. whole 80. developed 81. existence 82. animals 83. glimpse 84. for 85. singlePart V Translation (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (8 marks)86. 我们花了多少时间来思考我们生活中的许多“要是……该多好啊”？87. 要是我没有稍微晚了一步而是第一个想到那个主意该有多好。
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷) 英语 word版
2008年普通高校招生统一考试浙江卷英语试题第I卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节：单项填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1、Are you all right? ______A. That’s OKB. I think soC. Take it easyD. It’s very kind of you2. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.A. An; theB. The; theC. An; 不填D. The; 不填3. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______.A. as muchB. as manyC. so muchD. so many4. ______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who5. I don’t believe you’ve already finished reading the book — I ______it to you this morning!A. would lendB. was lendingC. had lentD. lent6. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. one7. –What’s that noise?–Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.A. was testedB. will be testedC. is being testedD. has been tested8. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.A. whomB. whereC. thatD. which9. –I’d like some more cheese.–Sorry, there’s ______ left.A. someB. noneC. a littleD. few10. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized11. You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!A. wouldn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t12. There are plenty of jobs ______ in the western part of the country.A. presentB. availableC. preciousD. convenient13. It is one of the funniest things ______ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found14. American Indian ______ about five percent of the U.S. population.A. fill upB. bring upC. make upD. set up15. Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. senseB. viewC. meansD. idea16. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.A. whetherB. afterC. howD. unless17. Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather.A. in place ofB. as well asC. except forD. in case of18. Running a company is not ______ a matter of hiring people — they also need to be trained.A. simplyB. partlyC. seriouslyD. equally19. Why are you so anxious? It isn’t your problem ______.A. on purposeB. in allC. on timeD. after all20. —Shall we go out for dinner tonight?—______.A. You are rightB. It must be funnyC. That sounds greatD. Have a nice time第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
复旦大学插班生英语真题
复旦大学插班生英语真题1、40．Star wars is ______ adventure film and it is very interesting. [单选题] * A．aB．an (正确答案)C．theD．/2、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding3、Li Jing often helps me ______ my geography.（）[单选题] *A. atB. inC. ofD. with(正确答案)4、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.（）[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her5、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up6、The car is _______. It needs washing. [单选题] *A. cleanB. dirty(正确答案)C. oldD. new7、—Why is Mary asking Bob about the school trip? —Because she wants to know ______.（）[单选题] *A. how does he think of the tripB. what does he think of the tripC. what he likes the tripD. how he likes the trip(正确答案)8、There _____ wrong with my radio. [单选题] *A. are somethingB. are anythingC. is anythingD. is something(正确答案)9、He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. [单选题] *A. anyB. someC. few(正确答案)D. many10、28．The question is very difficult. ______ can answer it. [单选题] * A．EveryoneB．No one(正确答案)C．SomeoneD．Anyone11、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A．HowB．WhatC．What a (正确答案)D．What an12、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)13、50．—The sweater is not the right ________ for me.—Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one? [单选题] *A．priceB．colorC．size(正确答案)D．material(材料)14、The green shorts are _______ sale for ＄[单选题] *A. forB. on(正确答案)C. atD. with15、We _______ swim every day in summer when we were young. [单选题] *A. use toB. are used toC. were used toD. used to(正确答案)16、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will17、You should stick to your（）and tell him you won' t do the thing. [单选题] *A. principle(正确答案)B. qualityC. contactD. influence18、______this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. [单选题] *A. ReadingB. ReadC. To readD.Being read(正确答案)19、A healthy life is generally thought to be（）with fresh air, clean water, and homegrown food. [单选题] *A. joinedB. boundC. lackingD. associated(正确答案)20、There is a popular belief _____schools don’t pay any attention to spelling. [单选题] *A.that(正确答案)B.whichC.whatD.whose21、We should have breakfast every day to keep ______. [单选题] *A. healthB. healthy(正确答案)C. healthilyD. the healthy22、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A．getting onB．getting offC．getting with (正确答案)D．getting23、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that24、He always ______ the teacher carefully in class. [单选题] *A. listensB. listens to(正确答案)C. hearsD. hears of25、Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and _______ is noisy. [单选题] *A. anotherB. the other(正确答案)C. othersD. other26、24．I often ask my English teacher some questions ________ e-mail. [单选题] *A．by(正确答案)B．inC．forD．with27、Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not _______ her to do so. [单选题] *A. forbidB. allowC. follow(正确答案)D. ask28、39．__________ he was very tired, he didn’t stop working. [单选题] * A．Although (正确答案)B．WhenC．AfterD．Because29、—What can I do for you? —I ______ a pair of new shoes.（）[单选题] *A. likeB. would lookC. would like(正确答案)D. take30、You can ask（）is on duty there tonight. [单选题] *A. WhatB. whomC. whoever(正确答案)D. whomever。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛样题及答案(A,b,c,d级)
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛样题及答案（A级）Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. At a bank. B. At a department store. C. At a lawyer's office.2. A. Jealous. B. Indifferent. C. Negative.3. A. A party invitation.B. A tour of the house.C. A dinner party.4. A. Policeman and driver.B. Teacher and pupil.C. Driver and actress.5. A. To attend a party.B. To the beauty salon.C. To the school.6. A. 1,090. B. 530. C. 1,060.7. A. Dec. 13th, 1906. B. Dec. 30th, 1906. C. Nov. 13th, 1916.8. A. Nothing. B. Dinner. C. A snack.9. A. In less than three days. B. In more than three days. C. In three days.10. A. To a friend's house. B. To the kindergarten. C. Do some shopping.Section B (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be read only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the five questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. What does Susan have to do on Saturday morning?A. Walk the dog.B. Clean the house.C. Go to the doctor's.12. What will Susan do at noon?A. Go shopping.B. Watch TV.C. Go to the dentist's.13. What time is Susan meeting with Julie? A. 12:30 am. B. 2:00 pm. C. 4:30 pm.14. How does Susan feel about her schedule on Saturday? A. Exciting. B. Disappointing. C. Exhausting.15. Why can't they watch a video at Susan's house?A. The machine doesn't work.B. They can't decide on a video.C. Susan's mother is going to use it.Section C (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.16. Who got to move to the next step? A. Andre Agassi. B. Rogen Fidow. C. Roger Federer.17. What did the gunman force the charity to do?A. Delay the operation in this area.B. Operate on their own staff.C. Attack the Sans Frontieres.18. Why were the Iraqi detainees made to pick up garbage?A. Because the serviceman abused the detainees.B. Because the commander gave the order to the serviceman.C. Because the detainees were accused.19. Where did the clash happen? A. In the West Bank. B. Near Israeli. C. Near Ariel.20. Why do the Israeli forces threaten to carry out a massive offensive against the Palestinians?A. Because Israeli troops were besieged by the Palestinians.B. Because the military operation began since last November.C. Because Palestinians killed Israelis in a suicide attack.Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.There are two types of people in the world. Although they have (21) ________ degrees of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, and the other becomes (22) ________. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the (23) ________ of things, the pleasant part of convention, the fine weather. They enjoy all the (24) ________ things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the (25) ________ things. Therefore, they are continually (26) ________. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend many people, and make themselves (27) ________ everywhere. If this turn of mind were found in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and to be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally (28) ________. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but itmay be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects (29) ________. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly (30) ________, it has serious consequences in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ________ reality.A. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to beD. that is being conceived of32. New York City collects garbage ________ $209 per family per year.A. at the cost ofB. at sacrifice ofC. in demand ofD. in support of33. I would just as soon ________ rudely to her.A. you not speakB. you won't speakC. you not speakingD. you didn't speak34. ________ so many people been out of work as today.A. More than ever beforeB. Never before haveC. In the past, there never haveD. Formerly, there never were35. We got home late last night, ________, early this morning.A. namelyB. in other wordsC. or ratherD. in any case36. The miners escaped the danger by ________.A. a hair breadthB. hair breadthC. hair's breadthD. a hair's breadth37. Praise is like warm sunshine. It not only brings joy to ________ who are praised but also adds pleasure to ________ who praise.A. these; theseB. we; usC. them; themD. those; those38. When our imports ________ our exports, we say we have a favorable trade balance; however, when our imports and exports are the other way round we say we have an unfavorable trade balance.A. fall shortB. fall short ofC. run out ofD. are lack of39. ________ that distinguish human beings from other primates are related to the ability of people to stand upright and walk on two legs.A. Many of the physical characteristicsB. Of the many physical characteristicsC. The physical characteristicsD. There are many physical characteristics40. Classical logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of argument ________ that thought, language, and reality are interrelated.A. based on the beliefB. on the belief basedC. belief based on theD. the based belief on41. ________ fashioned from a wick floating in a bowl of oil functioned according to the principle of capillary action.A. All lamps earlyB. Lamps all earlyC. All early lampsD. Early all lamps42. In 1964 ________ of Henry Osaka Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.A. was a major collectionB. that a major collectionC. a collection was majorD. a major collection43. Traditionally, ________ on Thanksgiving Day in New England.A. when served is sweet ciderB. when sweet cider is servedC. is served sweet ciderD. sweet cider is served44. Richard: This class is so boring. When will it end?Drew: I don't know. I don't think I can take it much longer.Teacher: ________Richard: Oh, nothing. We were discussing the text.A. Hey you two! What are you talking about?B. Do one of you know what the answer to this problem is?C. Am I boring you two?D. The two of you go to the principal's office right now!45. Delivery man: I have a package here for Beverly Beaver.Beverly: That is me. ________Delivery man: Yes, please sign here on the line.Beverly: Thank you. These must be the new drapes I ordered.A. Where is the receipt?B. Do you have the sender's address?C. Do you take a credit card?D. Do I have to sign for it?Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.No matter what our work is, we all have to face that choice - in my field no less than in others. There may not be a more important field for the dissemination of values in our country than the entire communicationsindustry - most strikingly, television. Networks are very sensitive to that fact, and they employ dozens of censors to prevent all of us from using language on television that an eight year old might have to explain to his parents. But the point that censors miss, I think, is that it is not so much what we say that teaches as what we don't say. Even programs that attempt to make a moral point don't always make the point that they intended to. Because when we sense we are being sole something, we automatically defend ourselves against it. I think it may be the unspoken assumptions that mold an audience.Look at the way, for instance, that violence is treated on television. It is not only the quantity that offends. There probably is no more violence on television than there is in a Shakespearean tragedy. But on television you find unfelt violence and in Shakespeare you tend to find felt violence. In Shakespeare the characters react with a human response: They fear, they hurt, they mourn. Most of the time on television, violence is dealt with by sweeping it under the rug as fast as possible and by having people go on about their business as if nothing had happened. (If I can't have less violence, I want at least a better grade of violence.) One of the unspoken assumptions is that violence can be tolerated as long as you ignore it and have no reaction to it. But that seems to me to be dangerously close to psychopathic behavior. I wonder if there is any connection between the long acceptance by our people of the Vietnam War and the thousands and thousands of deaths that we have seen on television over the years that were never mourned, never even paused for except to sell shampoo for sixty seconds.Maybe our greatest problem is that we have two separate sets of value systems that we use - the one we talk about and the one we live by. We seem to place a very high value on fairness and on human concerns. And yet we still have widespread discrimination based on race, sex and religion. You still don't find Jews, blacks or other minorities in any significant numbers in decision-making positions in the banking industry, for instance. You think that's an accident? I think somebody puts a value on that. And you don't find women in any significant numbers in decision-making capacities in any industry. Why? Because we place a higher value on appeasing the fragile male ego than we do on fairness and decency. Maybe what we need is a declaration of interdependence.Questions:46. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ________.A. we won't buy things that are recommendedB. we become defensive whenever we are taught to do somethingC. television is the most important part of the communication industryD. TV programs can never successfully convey a moral point47. What is the author's attitude toward violence on television?A. He thinks that violence on television should be totally banned.B. Violence on television is more tolerable than the one in Shakespeare's plays.C. Violence can be tolerated if you pretend that it doesn't exist.D. Violence, if unavoidable, should be presented on television in a more appropriate way.48. The word “appeasing” (line 6 in paragraph 3) most probably means ________.A. attackingB. accusingC. soothingD. satisfying49. By citing the examples of the Jews, blacks, and other minorities in the last paragraph, the author aims to show that________.A. it's an accident that they are out-numbered in the decision-making positions in the banking industryB. they stand for one set of value systemC. what we talk about and what we actually do might be totally differentD. fairness is well respected in our life50. The author's tone in writing the text is ________.A. neutralB. matter-of-factC. criticalD. questioningSection B (15 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 51 - 55, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 56 - 60, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.You hear the same complaint all the time as people get older: “My memory is terrible.” Is it all in the mind, or do r eal changes take place in the brain with age to justify such grumbling (抱怨)? The depressing answer is that the brain's cells, the neurons, die and decline in efficiency with age.Professor Arthur Shimamura, of the University of California at Berkeley, says there are three main ways in which mental function changes. The first is mental speed, for example how quickly you can react to fast-moving incidents on the road. Drivers in their late teens react quickly but tend to drive too fast, while the over sixties are more cautious but react more slowly. The near-inevitable slowing with age also partly explains why soccer players are seen as old in their thirties, while golf professionals are still in their prime at that age. This type of mental slowing results from a reduction in the efficiency with which the brain's neurons work.The fact that adults find it harder to learn musical instruments than children points to a second type of mental loss with age - a reduction in learning capacity. The parts of the brain known as the temporal lobes control new learning, and are particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. This means that, as we get older, we take longer to learn a new language, and slower to master new routines and technologies at work, and we have to rely more on diaries and other mental aids.“Working memory” is the third brain system which is vulnerable to the effects of aging. Working memory is the brain's “blackboard”, where we juggle from moment to moment the things we have to keep in mind when solving problems, planning tasks and generally organizing our day-to-day life. Absent-mindedness occurs at all ages because of imperfections in the working memory system - so, for instance, you may continually lose your glasses, or find yourself walking into a room of your house only to find that you cannot remember what you came for.Such absent-mindedness tends to creep up on us as we age and occurs because our plans and intentions, which are chalked up on the mental blackboard, are easily wiped out by stray thoughts and other distractions. Stress and preoccupation can also cause such absent-mindedness, in addition to age-related changes in the brain. The frontal lobes of the brain - located behind the forehead and above the eyes - are where the working memory system is located. Like the temporal lobes, which handle new learning, the frontal lobes are more vulnerable to the aging process than other parts of the brain.The news, however, is not all bleak. Although neurons reduce in number with age, the remaining neurons send out new and longer connection fibers (dendrites) to maintain connections and allow us to function reasonably well with only relatively small drops in ability.This and other evidence suggests that the principle “use it or lost it” might apply to the aging brain. Profes sor Shimamura studied a group of university professors who were still intellectually active, and compared their performance on neuropsychological tests with that of others of their age group, as well as with younger people. He found that on several tests of memory, the mentally active professors in their sixties and early seventies were superior to their contemporaries, and as good as the younger people.Research on animals provide even stronger evidence of the effects of stimulation on the brain structure. Professor Bryan Kolb, of the University of Lethbridge in Canada, has shown that animals kept in stimulating environments show sprouting (生长) and lengthening of the connecting nerve fibers in comparison with animals kept in unstimulating environments.The beneficial effects of continued mental activity are shown by the fact that older contestants in quiz shows are just as fast and accurate in responding to general knowledge questions as younger competitors, suggesting that at least part of their intellectual apparatus is spared the effects of aging because of practice and skill.Such findings lead to the intriguing possibility of “mental fitness training” to accompany jogging and workouts for the health conscious. Research in Stockholm by Professor Lars Backman and his colleague has shown that older people can be trained to use their memory better, with the effects of this training lasting several years.Just as people go bald or grey at different rates, so the same is true for their mental faculties. Why this should be the case for memory and other mental functions is not yet clear. If Professor Shimamura is right, then the degree to which people use and stretch their mental faculties may also have a role to play.Questions:51. The passage gives a description of several methods of testing mental ability.52. Professor Shimamura identified a number of areas in which mental function may change.53. As the temporal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, it becomes harder to pick up new skills.54. Research indicates that physical training can help to improve memory.55. Taking part in quizzes is the best way to stimulate the brain.56. Absent-mindedness is not necessarily ________.57. Scientists do not understand why people's ________ decline at different rates.58. If a person is under stress, ________ may become more frequent.59. When the frontal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, there is a gradual deterioration in ________.60. If an animal's brain is kept active and stimulated, ______________.Section C (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 61 - 65 are based on the following passage.Alarmed by a 20-year decline in student achievement, American schools are considering major upheavals in the career structure of teachers, school boards around the country are planning to abandon traditional salary schedules and single out outstanding teachers for massive pay rise.The idea is regarded with deep suspicion by the United States' biggest teachers' unions, the National Education Association and the American Federation of Teachers. They say the creation of a cadre of elite teachers will sour professional relationships and encourage teachers to compete instead of cooperate; they also question whether a fair way can be devised to tell which teachers really do perform better than their colleagues.But heightened public anxiety about secondary education appears to have given the master teacher concept unstoppable political momentum. Florida and Tennessee are racing to introduce ambitious statewide master teacher schemes before the end of the year. Less grandiose proposals to pay teachers on the basis of merit instead of seniority have already been implemented in countless school districts. And the Secretary of Education, Mr. Terrel Bell, recently promised substantial incentive grants to states which intend to follow their example.Low pay is believed to be the single most important reason for the flight from teaching. The average salary of a teacher in the United States is just under $19,000, much less than that of an engineer ($34,700) and not much more than that of a secretary($16,500). To make ends meet it is common for teachers to take second jobs in the evening and in their summer holidays, and women, who used to make up the bulk of teacher candidates are turning to better paid professions.The unions insist that the answer to this problem is to increase the basic pay of all teachers, but most states would find that too expensive, they would be better able to afford schemes that confine pay increases to a small number of exceptional teachers. Champions of the idea say it would at least hold out the promise of high pay and status to bright graduates who are confident of their ability to do well in the classroom, but are deterred by the present meager opportunities for promotion.One of the first large-scale tests of this approach will come in Tennessee, where a year of painstaking negotiations has just overcome bitter union opposition to a wide-ranging master teacher scheme. Tennessee promised that they will allocate $300 million as education budget. In return for a chance to earn bigger salaries and faster promotion, teachers will subject themselves to closer scrutiny.The Tennessee plan will make it harder for poor teachers to join the profession. Beginners will have to serve a probationary year before qualifying, and another three apprentice years before receiving tenure. Apprentice teachers who fail to reach a required standard will not be allowed to stay on. Survivors will be designated “career teachers” and given a chance to clim b through three career rugs and earn bonuses of up to $7,000. Advancement will not be automatic. The performance of each teacher will be closely assessed by committees of teachers drawn from other districts.Questions:61. What support is the federal government offering to states that set up a master teacher scheme?62. What's the purpose of the master teacher scheme?63. In the state of Tennessee, how will teachers be assessed?64. What is the main idea of the text?65. What can be inferred from the text about the master teacher scheme?Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 66 - 70 are based on the following passage.The United KingdomBritain (or Great Britain) is an island that lies off the north-west coast of Europe. The nearest country is France, which is 20 miles away and from which Britain is separated by the English Channel. The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the North Sea to the east. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland, that is, three countries. Scotland is in the north, while Wales is in the west. Ireland, which is also an island, lies off the west coast of Britain. It consists of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. Britain together with Northern Ireland constitute the United Kingdom (UK). Thus, the United Kingdom is composed of four countries, the largest of which is England. The capital city is London, which is situated in south-east England.The UK has a total area of about 244,100 square kilometres (94,248 square miles). About 70% of the land area is devoted to agriculture, about 7% is wasteland, moorland and mountains, about 13% is devoted to urban development, and 10% is forest and woodland. The northern and western regions of Britain, that is Scotland and Vales, are mainly mountainous and hilly. Parts of the north-west and centre of England also consist of mountains and hills.Britain has a generally mild and temperate climate. It is, however, subject to frequent changes. It has an average annual rainfall of about 120 centimetres (47 inches).In 1998 the population of the United Kingdom was nearly 59 million. The density of population was approximately 240 people per square kilometre. However, in England, where 83% of the population live, the density was much higher, about 363 per square kilometre.In the UK, English is the first language of the vast majority of people. However, in western Wales, Welsh is the first language for many of the people. In Scotland only a small number of people speak Gaelic.In Britain about 66% of the population say that they are Christian, while fewer than 5% say that they belong to other religions.Summary:Britain is an island that (66) ________ the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland. Ireland (67) ________ the west coast of Britain. It (68) ________ Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. The United Kingdom consists of Britain together with Northern Ireland. The capital city is London which (69) ________ south-east England.In 1998 the population of the UK was nearly 59 million. The density of population was 240 people per square kilometre. In the UK English is the first language of most people. In western Wales, Welsh (70) ________ many of the people, but few people in Scotland speak Gaelic.Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There are 5 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Language is learned primarily through communication with other people. Research shows that the more communication children (71) exp________ at home, the better developed their language skills will be. Children need to talk well in order to learn well. This is especially important for the development of native language skills since the language is often reinforced by the child's environment outside school.However, the (72) qu________ of communication is just as or more important than quantity alone. The language adults use helps children become aware of the many different aspects of objects and events around them. For example, during a shopping trip to the market or store, adults can develop children's concepts by bringing their attention to the shapes, colors, sounds, textures, and sizes of objects and events around them. Parents can do this naturally through conversation without (73)di________ teaching. In other words, conversation with children in everyday situations expands their minds and develops their thinking skills.In addition to conversing with children, adults can help prepare their children to succeed in school by (74) en________ them to take an active interest in books and in the print that surrounds them in the environment. The child's first major task in school is learning to read. Children who come to school with knowledge that the print aroundthem carries important meaning and with an interest in books and stories will usually (75) su________ in learning to read rapidly.Section B (10 marks)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the word given in each blanket to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Forensic science (法庭科学) means (76) ________ (use) science to solve crime. But what exactly does a forensic scientist do?At the scene of crime, the crime scene (77) ________ (investigator) will thoroughly examine the area. They will look for fingerprints and palm prints; marks of tools and weapons; marks from shoes; fibers from (78) ______ (cloth); body fluids.Increasingly, CSIs (= crime scene investigators) are using specialized techniques, on site, to determine which areas to concentrate their investigation on.A forensic pathologist (法医) specializes in examining dead bodies to determine how and when death occurred. As well as (79) ________ (examine) the body, either on site or through photos (80) ________ (take) at the scene, theforensic pathologist may also use X-ray imaging(X光成像技术) and will usually conduct an autopsy (尸体解剖). The pathologist will also take samples of body tissues, like blood, liver or hair, for further (81) ________ (analyse).A new form of identification (82) ________ (rely) on DNA, which carries the genetic (基因的) information of each person. Everyone's DNA is different (except for identical twins). DNA fingerprinting allows police to identify an individual in the same way as fingerprints do.。
2008年中山大学入学考试英语分级考试真题
2008 年中山大学英语分级考试试卷Part ⅠListening comprehension (25%)暂缺，有听力mp3Part ⅡReading comprehension (1%,20%)Directions：There are 4 passages in this part. Each passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage：A third of Britons are overweight, states a report published in January by the Royal Collegeof Physicians, the result of an 18-month-long study. About five per cent of the children weigh too much, and are likely to stay that way for life; in the mid-twenties age group the proportion of fat people rises to a third, and of the middle-age population half are overweight.Fat people risk severe health problem, says the report, including high blood pressure, breathlessness, and various forms of heart disease. Smoking is particularly risky for overweight people.The safest way to lose weight is to eat cereals, bread, fruit and vegetables, and cut downon fatty meats, butter and sweet foods. Fat diets do far more harm than good; slimming machines that vibrate muscles have not been proved useful; saunas merely remove a little body water, and health farms, says the report, serve as expensive holidays.Exercise is most important to health, the report emphasizes; though it doesn't necessarily reduce weight, it maintains the correct proportion of body fat to body muscle. And it isn't only for the young. From middle age a minimum of 20 minutes of gentle physical jerks should be practiced three times a week.The report advocates several public health measures to combat the high prevalence of overweight in this country. They include an increase of tax on alcohol to reduce its increasing, and dangerously fattening, consumption; and the provision of more sports facilities by local authorities. Britain's doctors, the report concludes, must learn to be more sympathetic and specific in their advice to the overweight, encouraging a change in eating habits on a long-term basis, and taking into account the many -often complex - reasons why fat people are fat31. The passage mainly talks about_______.A. Britons' overweight problemB. how to avoid getting overweightC. the cause of Britons overweightD. the relations between overweight and health problems32. According to the report, a person is most likely to stay fat for the whole of his life ifhe________.A. gets fat in his twentiesB. gets fat in his middle ageC. was born fatD. gets fat when he is a child33. The report suggests that exerciseA. is a way to reduce weightB. is a sure way to keep one healthyC. sometimes increases weightD. can convert fat to muscle34. The report points out that drinking too much alcoholA. will also cause a person to get overweightB. will cause a person to do less sportC. will make a person forget the fact that he is fatD. will lead a person to bad eating habits35. Britain’s doctors, when treating the overweight, shouldA. encourage a long-term diet for everyoneB. be more considerate and give detailed adviceC. first consider why so many people are overweightD. do all of the abovePassage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage：Knowing ahead of time how to get out during a fire can save needed time. The best way outin a fire is the route you use to go in and out everyday. Yet in a fire this route may be blocked. Be sure to plan other escape routes.Practice your escape plan an night when it is dark. Be sure that your plan is good and will work. For instance, make sure that a child can actually open the window he is supposed to use for his escape. Teach children to close their bedroom doors. Tell them to will by an open window until someone can reach them from outside. If an adult cannot be wakened, children should understand that they must leave by themselves.Choose a meeting place outside. This way you can tell if everyone is safely out of the building. Know where nearby telephones or fire alarm boxes are found. If you live in an apartment, try to get everyone out. Learn where the fire alarm is in the building. Your family should know what the fire alarm bell or horn sounds like. They should know what to do when they hear it. Try to get the other families in your building together to have fire drills. Write down the telephone number of the fire department. Tape the number to each phone. Don’t forget to let the babysitter in on yourplans. Tell your babysitter what to do in case of fire.Early warning is the key to a safe escape. It has been shown time and time again that a family can escape if warned early enough.36. Which of the following statements is true?A. You must take the route you use to go in and out in a fire.B. The route is always blocked in a fire.C. You should not rely on one route during a fire.D. During a fire, planning escape route can save you needed time.37. Which is the best advice for children during a fire?A. Children should awaken an adult before they leave.B. Children should close the bedroom doors and windows.C. Children should jump out of window even though they are in a high place.D. Children should open a window and wait there for help.38. People who live in apartment should______.A. practice the plan togetherB. make sure they know the fire chief.C. not have to pay for insuranceD. do fire drills separately39. If you are trapped in a bedroom during a fire, you should______.A. hide under the bed.B. stand in a cornerC. lie still.D. close the bedroom doors.40. When the best time to practice escape plan?A. At duskB. In the afternoonC. In the morningD. At nightPassage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage：Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kindsof people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual.For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies(一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.41. The passage is mainly discussing _______.A. two different societiesB. the necessity of social changeC. certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occurD. certain factors that promote social change42. ______ is one of the factors that tend to promote social change.A. Joint interestB. Advanced technologyC. Different points of viewD. Less emotional people43. The expression greater tolerance（paragraph 1）refers to _____.A. greater willingness to accept social changeB. quicker adaptation to changing circumstancesC. more respect for different beliefs and behaviorD. greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas44. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true？A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.D. Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.45. Why has change not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to white people?A. Black people used to be slavesB. White people are of more different originsC. Black people are poorD. White people like to make shape changePassage fourQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage：Most employers say that they wish to employ the right person for the right job. A recent report by Britain's Independent Institute of Manpower Studies，however，disagrees with this. The report states that most employers wish to avoid employing the wrong person. Rather than looking for the right person，they are looking for applicants to turn down. The report also suggests that in Britain and in many other parts of the world，the selection methods used to pick out the right person for the job certainly do not match up to those used to judge a piece of new equipment. Employers used three main selection methods: interviewing，checking resume or application forms and examining references. Most of the employers asked in this survey stated that these selection methods were used more for “weeding out” unsuitable applicants rather tha n for finding suitable ones. Interviews were considered to be more reliable than either resume checks or references from past employers. Research，however，proves otherwise. Interviewers’decisions are often strongly influenced by their earlier judgment of the written application. Also，different employers view facts differently. One may consider applicants who have frequently changed jobs as people with broad and useful experience. Another will see such applicants as unreliable and unlikely to stay for long in the new job. Some employers place great importance on academic qualifications whereas the link between this and success in management is not necessarily strong. Some employers use handwriting as a standard. The report states that there islittle evidence to support the value of the latter for judging working ability. References，also，are sometime unreliable as they are not very important，while checks on credit and security records and applicants' political opinions are often the opposite. The report is more favorable towards trainability tests and those which test personality and personal and mental skills. The report concludes by suggesting that interviewing could become more reliable if the questions were arranged in a careful，organized system and focused on the needs of the employing organization.46. According o the passage, when most employers want to hire workers, _______.A. they will try to find suitable peopleB. they will look for the right applicantC. the wrong applicants are to be turned downD. to turn down the wrong people is what they say they aim to do47. It is implied that ______.A. to evaluate a right person is more difficult than to evaluate equipmentB. employers are more successful in selecting the right equipment than the right personsC. criteria will be set up according to the real situation of the applicantsD. curriculum vitae means application forms48. Most of the recruiters ______.A. consult the applicantsB. can find suitable peoplesC. prefer curriculum vitae or referencesD. use different ways to sort out the unsuitable applicants49. Which of the following is True?A. Employers get different conclusions from the facts.B. Changing jobs frequently will reduce the change to be recruited.C. Academic qualifications will guarantee the applicant managing ability.D. Handwriting is a valid way to evaluate an applicant.50. It can be inferred from the passage that successful employees will be those who _____.A. have outstanding referencesB. are strong in emotional quotientC. take interviewing seriouslyD. have strong political leaningsPart ⅢVocabulary and Structure (35% )Section A (1%, 30%)Directions: there are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 51. They had a fierce _____ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.A. crashB. debateC. contestD. disagreement52. The early pioneers had to _____ many hardships to settle on the new land.A. go in forB. go back onC. go throughD. go on53. The local health organization is reported _____ twenty-five years ago when Dr.Audon becameits first president.A. to be set upB. to have been set upC. being set upD. having been set up54. He invented a plough _____ any other in existence.A. far superior toB. more superior thanC. more superior toD. much superior than55. He is watching TV? He is _____ to be cleaning his room.A. knownB. consideredC. regardedD. supposed56. As scheduled, the communication satellite went into _____ round the earth.A. circleB. pathC. orbitD. course57. If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be _____.A. abandonedB. cut offC. turned downD. lost touch58. When no one answered the door, she _____ through the window to see if anyone was there.A. spottedB. inquiredC. scannedD. peered59. I don’t want to lend any money to him; he is already in debt _____ me.A. forB. toC. ofD. with60. Nowadays advertising cost money to him; he is already in debt _____ me.A. connectionB. reactionC. relationD. proportion61. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is _____ conditions or events.A. in contract toB. in favor toC. in response toD. in case of62. She said she liked dancing but was not in the _____ for it just then.A. mannerB. intentionC. desireD. mood63. The car _____ halfway for no reason and we could not move.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out64. In Britain today women _____ 44% of the workforce and nearly half the mothers with childrenare in paid work.A. build upB. stand forC. make upD. conform to65. The plan seem quite simple to me, but I just can’t _____ to my classmates.A. get it acrossB. get at itC. get it downD. get through it66. A man who is cruel to his children should be held in _____.A. contextB. contemptC. controversyD. convict67. The villagers were very _____ towards anyone who passed through.A. hospitalB. hospitalizedC. hospiceD. hospitable68. I meant _____ you about it, but I forgot to do so.A. to have toldB. to have been toldC. to tellD. telling69. The American society is _____ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.A. originated fromB. established onC. come fromD. turned out70. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _____ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned downD. turned out71. Joe differs from his brother _____ he is very diligent while his brother is included to idleness.A. in whereB. in whichC. in whatD. in that72. –Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?–I’m afraid _____ day is possible.A. eitherB. neitherC. someD. both73. _____, he cannot succeed.A. Try as he mayB. As he may tryC. Try may he asD. How may he try74. Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can’t remember _____.A. whereB. whichC. thereD. that75. Only yesterday _____ that they had wronged their son.A. did the parent realizeB. the parent realizedC. the parent were realizedD. were the parent realized76. After I heard that I took a deferred pass in botany (植物学) , I was in a _____ emotional state.A. doubtfullyB. highlyC. greatlyD. nervously77. The staff proposed that wages _____.A. have been raisedB. be raisedC. have to be raisedD. were to be raised78. _____ the advance of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A. As forB. BesidesC. ExceptD. Despite79. It sounds ridiculous but true that millions of people _____ to see the sun rise if they _____pay for it.A. would have got up…had had toB. may get up…have toC. would get up…had toD. could get up…have to80. By using space technology China can predict natural disasters _____, Luan said.A. far more precisely than generally thoughtB. far precisely as generally thoughtC. more precisely than generally thinkingD. more precisely that of general thoughtSection B (0.5%, 10%)Directions: From the four choices given below the statements, choose the ONE that is closest in meaning to the underlined part in the sentence.81. Many cinema-goers were stunned by the film’s violent and tragic end.A. shockedB. disappointedC. indifferentD. angry82. The villages raked the district for a trace of the missing boy.A. exploredB. trampedC. exploitedD. combed83. Few countries today enjoy prosperous economy.A. staticB. assumedC. poorD. flourishing84. Collins was so seriously injured that he was unable to continue his career.A. resumedB. assumedC. consumedD. ensure85. Miss Baker’s respond to your request seemed gratifying.A. pleasingB. shrewdC. overwhelmingD. threatening86. You have to pay a premium for express delivery.A. extra tipB. extra changeC. extra bonusD. extra price87. The runaway had been in flight for a couple of days and was caught at the entrance to the library this morning.A. by planeB. in the long runC. on the runD. by air88. After many failures, his eventual success surprised all of us.A. finalB. outstandingC. exceptionalD. full89. Please express my good wish to your parents. I haven’t met them for years.A. informB. amuseC. denyD. convey90. There are so few bald eagles left in America that many people fear they are in danger of extinct.A. dyingB. dying outC. dying downD. dying awayPart ⅣClose (1%, 20%)Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America.It’s the one __91__ the teacher standing in the sch oolroom door __92__ goodbye to students for the summer and calling __93__ them, “By the way, we won World War II.”The problem with the joke, of course, is that it’s __94__ funny. The recent surveys on __95__ illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even __96__ which countries the United States __97__ against in that war. One third haveno __98__ when the Declaration of Independence was __99__. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly __100__ the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. __101__ when they get the answers right, some are __102__ guessing.Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be __103__ connected to loss of international __104__. But it does affect our future __105__ a democratic nation and as individuals. The __106__ news is that there is growing agreement __107__ what is wrong with the __108__ of history and what needs to be __109__ to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性)__110__ yet to be felt in most classrooms.91. A. about B. in C. for D. by92. A. shaking B. waving C. nodding D. speaking93. A. in B. after C. for D. up94. A. rarely B. so C. too D. not95. A. historical B. educational C. cultural D. political96. A. distinguish B. acknowledge C. identify D. convey97. A. defeated B. attacked C. fought D. struck98. A. sense B. doubt C. reason D. idea99. A. printed B. signed C. marked D. edited100. A. place B. judge C. get D. lock101. A. Even B. Though C. Thus D. So102. A. hardly B. just C. still D. ever103. A. exclusively B. practically C. shortly D. directly104. A. competitiveness B. comprehensionC. communityD. commitment105. A. of B. for C. with D. as106. A. fine B. nice C. surprising D. good107. A. to B. with C. on D. of108. A. consulting B. coaching C. teaching D. instructing109. A. done B. dealt C. met D. reached110. A. therefore B. or C. and D. asPart Ⅴ. Oral CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In the section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that appropriately suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet a single line through the center.111. [A]: The chocolate cake is very good today.[B]: _____.A. Yes, I’ve to consider it carefullyB. No, I can’t afford itC. Yes, I’ll have it tomorrow, not todayD. No, thanks. I’ll have an apple pie with ice cream on the top112. [A]: _____[B]: I have only a bottle of Brandy and a painting.A. Do you have anything to declare?B. What have you bought abroad?C. What do you have to pay the tax?D. Anything you what me to know?113. *A+: Operator, I’d li ke to place a call to Beijing, please.[B]: _____A. OK. What are you?B. Just a moment, please.C. All right. How are youD. Sorry, you have to pay.114. [A]: Excuse me. When will the Flight 666 arrive?[B]: _____A. Sorry. I can’t tell you.B. Good. You have missed it.C. Well. It had been delayed.D. OK. Here you are.115. [A]: Have you got the book recommended by our teacher?[B]: _____A. No, I have got itB. No, it have been sold outC. Yes, they don’t sell it.D. Yes, I have one already.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In the section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer to the question from the four choices given. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.116. [Man]: This is Mr. Jones. My heater is not getting any power and the temperature is going to get down below freezing.*W oman+: This is our busiest time of the year, but I’ll speak to one of our men about getting over there sometime today.[Question]: What did the woman mean?A. She would come to fix the man’s heater soon.B. She would send someone to fix the man’s heate r.C. She could not come and fix it.D. She was not happy about the heater.117. *Woman+: I feel like it’s only been a few weeks since school started.*Man+: Yes. How time flies! It’s almost time for our final exams.[Question]: What do the speakers imply?A. They didn’t like to study in their school.B. The school year seemed to go by very quickly.C. They’ve been in school for a few days only.D. Though final are over, they have to continue their study.118. [Man]: Are you sure this is the right way to get to the airport? My flight will depart in forty minutes.*Woman+: Sure. This is a shortcut. We’ll be there soon.[Question]: What does the woman mean?A. They have taken a wrong road.B. This way should take less time.C. They will be late because of the bad traffic.D. The road is rough.119. *Woman+: Help yourself to some fish. I hope you’ll like it. [Man]: My doctor told me to keep far from fish.[Question]: What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t like eating fish.B. The woman is not good at cooking fish.C. He thinks the fish is too far from him to get.D. He shouldn’t eat any fish as his doctor told him.120. [Man]: Will you come out this evening and go to cinema with me? [Woman]: That depends on what film the cinema is going to put on. *Question+: What does the woman’s response mean?A. She doesn’t like to go with the man.B. She is more interested in the film than the man.C. She knows there is a good film on.D. She wants the man to tell her where the cinema is.参考答案：31~35 ADBAB 36~40 DDADD 41~45 CCABA46~50 DCDAD 51~55 BCAAD 56~60 CBDBD61~65 CDBCA 66~70 BDCBD 71~75 ABABA76~80 BBDCA 81~85 ADDDA 86~90 BCADB91~95 ABBDA 96~100 CCDBB 101~105 ABDCD106~110 DCCAB 111~115 DCBCB 116~120 BBBDB。
2008年复旦大学水平测试题答案及详解
复旦大学2008年优秀高中生文化水平选拔测试试卷答案及详解本试卷共30页，满分1000分；每题5分，共200题；考试时间为180分钟。
考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题卡上都用钢笔或圆珠笔填写姓名、中学名称、准考证号，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写试卷类型(A卷或B卷)和准考证号。
2．本卷为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂在答题卡上。
在答题卡上，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择并填涂。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
3．本卷每题答对得5分，不答得O分，答错扣2分！！1．[元]施惠《绿林寄迹》：“倚山为寨，号为拦路虎。
金银财宝，劫来如粪土。
”句中的“拦路虎”一语作____D____。
A．补语 B．状语 C．动宾短语的宾语 D．宾语【解答】D 号：自称为。
为谓语。
所以，拦路虎应该是宾语2．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是_C_____。
A．演绎必竞绊脚石目不暇接B．去逝耽搁爆发力举步维艰C．斡旋戏谑白内瘴运筹帷幄D．贸然简练纪录片舔犊情深【解答】CA毕竞 B 去世 D 舐犊情深3．鲁迅《月界旅行》七回：“那麦思敦更觉气色傲然，或饮或食，忽厢忽歌，大有，此间乐不思蜀’之意。
”与句中“乐不思蜀”构成反向意义的是____B___。
A．留连忘返 B．饮水思源 C．乐而忘返 D．乐不可支【解答】B乐不思蜀，是形容人因为处在悠闲自在的环境中而忘本，所以反义应该是饮水思源4．[明]归庄《万古愁》：“有几个狼奔豕突的燕和赵，有几个狗屠驴贩奴和盗。
”与句中“狼奔豕突”近义的是____D_____。
A．鱼贯丽行 B．狼吞虎咽 C．狼狈不堪 D．抱头鼠串【解答】D象狼那样奔跑,象猪那样冲撞.形容成群的坏人乱冲乱撞,到处骚扰.比喻敌人奔逃时,惊慌状态.也比喻敌人乱冲乱窜，所以D符合5．张洁《爱，是不能忘记的》：“有人就会说你的神经出了毛病，或是你有什么见不得人的隐私，或是你政治上出了什么问题，或是你刁钻古怪，看不起凡人，不尊重千百年来的社会习惯，你准是个离经叛道的邪人。
大学英语写作基础大纲
《英语写作》教学大纲第一部分大纲说明一、课程基本情况课程编码：08020012课程名称：英语写作课程类别：专业课程学时/学分：36/2先修课程：综合英语，英语听力等适用专业：三年制英语教育专业开课系（部）或教研室：外语系英语专业教研室二、课程的性质、内容和任务（一）课程性质本课程为三年制大专英语专业的专业必修课，是为英语专业学生开设的英语专业技能提高课程，是英语专业专科阶段一门重要的实践课程，它与英语专业的听、说、读等课程相辅相成、密不可分。
本课程旨在扩大英语专业学生的知识领域,巩固和提高学生的语言技能,重点培养学生驾驭英语语言文学知识和对文学作品的独立欣赏的能力,从而使其能得体而流畅地使用语言, 写出语言通顺、思路清晰、内容充实、具有一定广度与深度的英语文章，培养学生利用图书馆和计算机网络查阅资料和独立分析问题的能力，把用英语表达思想的能力提高到一个新的高度。
（二）课程内容课程的主要内容从单词、句型到段落，有步骤、有层次地训练，最终使学生能够写出内容切题、条理清楚、语言正确的英语短文，并让学生书写应用文，即书信、便条等，熟悉应用文的格式和行文，并能正确书写相应的应用作文。
（三）课程任务通过该课程大量的范例研究和写作实践，培养学生用英语的基本写作能力，特别是篇章结构和句子层面的基本功，为制作对外宣传的实用文提供模仿的范例，帮助学生掌握各种写作技巧，解决在实际阅读各种实用文时遇到的各种困难，掌握地道的英语，，从而提高书面交际能力。
课堂教学以讲解教材为主，包括当场写作练习和作文讲评，课外教学通过布置作业以加强理解和训练。
该课程可加强学生对英语阅读、综合英语等其他英语课程中文章结构、句型结构、篇章类型的把握和认识，促进各科目的融会贯通。
三、教学的目的和要求《英语写作》在知识习得上注重培养学生对英文写作的热情和创造性，在原有的语言知识基础上，不断提高思想表达的准确性与鲜明性，逐渐让他们感受到英语的极强表达力；在能力素质上，重视锻炼学生的书面语言运用能力，促进学生英语运用综合素质的发展，从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和篇章衔接贯通运用能力。