新闻词汇与句型

第1部分新闻词汇与句型Buffer zone: 缓冲地带UN peacekeepers moved in on Tuesday to create a buffer zone between rival factions of the Congolese army.联合国维和部队于周二进入该地区，在刚果军队敌对的两派系间隔离出一条缓冲地带。

Ration: 定量配给The agency has been steadily cutting rations to more than 2.8 million people in Southern Africa over the last six months, many of them living with HIV/AIDS and many of them children. Most have been surviving on half a normal ration, or less.在过去半年中，该机构一直节省开支，并援助了南非超过280万难民，其中包括很多携带艾滋病毒的孩子。

这些人中的大多数只能靠定量配给的一半甚至更少维生。

Casualty: 伤亡（人数）While a slight majority believe the Iraq war contributed to the long-term security of the United States, 70 percent of Americans think these gains have come at an "unacceptable" cost in military casualties, the poll shows.据民意调查显示，只有半数多一点的人认为伊拉克战争对美国的安全问题有影响，70%的美国人认为这归咎于“不能让人接受的”军事伤亡人数。

Head off: 阻止，拦截In setting up a Commission on Truth and Friendship, the two countries hope to head off a parallel initiative by U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan, who is weighing his own expert commission to review whether justice was done after the 1999 violence, their foreign ministers said after talks with Annan.经历了1999年的暴力事件，在联合国秘书长安南的呼吁下，两国的外交部长表示，将以互信友好为基础共同成立合作委员会。

Bravado: 虚张声势Protected by U.S. Black Hawk helicopters, Britain's Tony Blair flew into Iraq on Tuesday in a surprise show of political bravado designed to boost prospects for Iraqi elections and cheer UK troops before Christmas.在美国直升机的护送下，英国首相布莱尔周二突然现身伊拉克，为伊拉克选举造势，并在圣诞节前鼓舞驻伊的英国官兵。

Round up: 围捕，使集拢Police rounded up dozens of suspects on Monday after twin suicide car bombings killed 66 people in Iraq's Shiite holy cities, attacks that intensified fears of sectarian violence during elections on Jan. 30.一月大选期间发生了两起自杀式汽车爆炸袭击，造成66人死亡，此后警方于周一围捕了十余名犯罪嫌疑人，这起袭击事件使民众对各党派间的使用暴力感到恐惧。

Pharaoh: 法老，暴君Now, following a 20-year re-examination of historical records and uncoveringnew evidence, Vassil Dobrev, a French Egyptologist, claims to have proved that the largest single stone statue on Earth is the work of a forgotten pharaoh.经过20年对古籍的研究和新考古证据的发现，Vassil Dobrev，一名来自法国的埃及考古学家证实，世界上最大的单石雕像属于一位无名的法老。

Brief: 辩护状Clive Stafford Smith, a British human rights lawyer, has prepared a 50-page brief which contains advice to take the case to US courts to ensure he receives a fair trial, the Sunday Times reported after saying it had seen the document.据星期日泰晤士报报道，Clive Stafford Smith，一名英国人权律师为得到美国法院的公正裁决，而准备了一份长达50页的辩护状。

At will: 随意，任意The deadly strikes highlighted the apparent ability of the insurgents to launch attacks almost at will, despite confident assessments by U.S. military commanders that they had regained the initiative after last month's campaign against militants in Fallujah.尽管美国军事指挥认为自上个月他们Fallujah的军事行动中取得胜利，他们已经重新掌握了主动权，但这次致命的打击证明，事实上反叛者几乎可以任意制造袭击事件。

注：Fallujah费卢杰位于巴格达以西48公里，伊拉克曾经在此进行化学武器的研究。

Overturn: 否决Caitriona Ruane, who heads the "Bring Them Home" campaign that sought the Irishmen's release, said the court overturned an earlier decision clearing James Monaghan, Niall Connolly and Martin McCauley of terrorism-related charges.Caitriona Ruane“带他们回家”运动的领导人表明，法院已经否决了早先的决议，取消了对James Monaghan，Niall Connolly和Martin McCauley是恐怖分子的指控。

注："Support our troops, Bring them home!"为反伊拉克战争的游行示威活动。

Ebbed: 退潮，衰落Israeli troops killed nine Palestinians during a raid into Gaza, the bloodiest in two weeks, where fighting has not ebbed despite expectations that moderate Mahmoud Abbas will win a presidential poll to replace Yasser Arafat next month.两周前，自以色列军队在一次袭击加沙地带的行动中杀死9名巴基斯坦人后，两国间关系日趋紧张。

虽然民众期望阿巴斯在总统大选中击败阿拉法特将缓解两国关系，但似乎并没有什么效果。

Laser beam: 激光束Authorities are investigating a mysterious laser beam that was directed into the cockpit of a commercial jet traveling at more than 8,500 feet.官方正在研发一款神奇的激光束，该光束将被安装在飞行高度可达到8,500英尺的名航飞机中，由驾驶员操纵。

Warplane: 军用机US troops backed by Warplanes have killed 25 guerrillas in the northern Iraqi city of Mosul after facing a fierce coordinated assault by two suicide bombs and dozens of insurgents, the military say.军方表示，美军在同与两名自杀式炸弹袭击人员和十余名叛乱者的激烈作战中，杀死了25名游击队员，目前，美军已搭乘军用飞机安全返航。

Ward off: 防止，挡住Bodies were piled into mass graves in the belief that burial would ward off disease. Paramedics in southern India began vaccinating thousands of survivors against cholera, typhoid, hepatitis A and dysentery, and authorities sprayed bleaching powder on beaches where bodies have been recovered. In Sri Lanka, reports of waterborne disease such as diarrhea caused fears of an epidemic.印度南部的人们将尸体集中处理来抵御疾病，当地护理人员正在给成千上万的幸存者注射霍乱，伤寒，甲型肝炎和痢疾的疫苗，当地政府在堆满尸体的海滩抛洒漂白粉末来预防疾病。