管理学原理第三章自测练习题

Chapter Three: Foundations of Planning

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is not included in the definition of planning?

a. Define the organization’s objectives or goals.

b. Establish an overall strategy for achieving these objectives or goals.

c. Allocate resources and develop a chain of communication.

d. Develop a hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.

2. Which of the following is an argument against formal planning?

a. Planning focuses on the future.

b. Planning may create rigidity.

c. Planning replaces creativity.

d. Planning ignores prior successes.

3. Which of following is not one of the reasons why managers should engage in

planning as that was stated in the text?

a. Planning reduces cost.

b. Planning minimizes waste and redundancy.

c. Planning provides direction.

d. Planning facilitates control.

4. Plans that determine specific details about organizational objectives that are

to be achieved are called

a. strategic plans.

b. tactical plans.

c. long-term plans.

d. detailed plans.

5. Successful plans may provide

a. a false sense of security.

b. only success.

c. increased awareness of the environment.

d. increased awareness of chang

e.

6. Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

a. Many studies confirm the positive relationship between planning and

performance.

b. All organizations that plan extensively outperform those that plan less

formally.

c. All organizations that plan outperform those that do not.

d. Many studies confirm that planning does not lead to greater performance

because labor unions are weak.

7. _____ plans are differentiated by their breadth.

a. Directional and specific

b. Single use and standing

c. Strategic and tactical

d. Long-term and short-term

8. Which of the following is not a popular way to describe plans?

a. breadth

b. time frame

c. specificity

d. length

9. Tactical and strategic plans differ in all of the following ways except

a. time frame.

b. scope.

c. known set of organizational objectives.

d. environmental effects.

10. The greater the uncertainty, the more plans should be of the _____ variety.

a. long-term

b. short-term

c. intermediate in length

d. rigid

11. When uncertainty is high and management must maintain flexibility, which of

the following types of plans are preferable?

a. long-term plans

b. no plans

c. directional plans

d. specific plans

12. Which type of plan is used to meet a particular or unique situation?

a. tactical plan

b. operational plan

c. single-use plan

d. standing plan

13. Which of the following is not a step in objective setting?

a. Specify deadlines.

b. Allow the employee to actively participate.

c. Link rewards to effort.

d. Prioritize goals.

14. Each MBO objective must have

a. a percentage change specified.

b. a concise time period.

c. a reference to quality.

d. a specified dollar amount.

15. MBO advocates participative goal setting. Research comparing participative

set and assigned goals on performance

a. shows consistently higher performance with participatively set goals.

b. shows consistently lower performance with participatively set goals.

c. has not shown any strong or consistent relationships.

d. has been biased by the researchers.

16. Which of the following is not an ingredient in MBO programs?

a. goal specificity

b. participative decision making

c. performance feedback

d. general time period

17. According to the philosophy of MBO,

a. Feedback occurs at the annual performance review

b. Goals follow a top-down approach

c. Goals typically are broad, general statements of intent

d. Constant feedback is provided

18. MBO assists in answering "What's in it for me as an employee" by

a. Linking rewards to goal attainment

b. Identifying employees' key job tasks

c. Allowing employees to participate actively