英语国家社会与文化入门 Unit 1

3. Racial, gender, class, regional and economic differences in the society
1) a multi-racial society: most are Christians and because of immigration, many are Muslims; 2) gender difference: male and female live different lives 3) class difference: the class structure of UK society is relatively obvious (A white-collar worker’s lives are very different from a blue-collar worker’s.) * Economic and regional difference within each of the 4 countries: 1) difference between highland and lowland Scots 2) difference between north and south England (South is on average more wealthy than the north)
--- National
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. Capital: Edinburgh. (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.
• Capital City: London
Windsor castle
Leeds castle
Tower of London
Population: by ethnic groups (1987-89) 54.666 million including 51.6 whites
Ethnic Group Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi Chinese African Arab All ethnic minority (others, mixed) Population (thousands) 779 433 112 132 127 72 groups 2,569
50,093,800
130,281
383
Northern Ireland
1,710,300
13,576
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
125
Scotland
5,078,400
77,925
65
Wales
2,952,500
20,732
142
United Kingdom
59,834.900
242,514
246
Population Change
5) financial center, one of the 3 major international financial centers in the world (another two are New York and Hong Kong ) 6) long-standing historical role in the UK
England
• Population: 51 Million • Language: English • People: Anglo-Saxons, Scots, Welsh, Irish, West Indians, Pakistanis, Indians, Chinese • Religion: Church of England, Methodist (循道公会), Baptist, Catholic, Muslim, Hindu, and Sikh
2. A loose (and voluntary) organization exists among the countries that used to be part of the British Empire. What is the organization called? Commonwealth of Nations 3. When did the U.K. become a member of the European Union? The UK has been a member of the EU since 1973 4. What is the organization G7? Is the U.K. its member? It is a member of the Group of Seven ( the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Italy and Canada)
Belfast, Scotland capital of Northern Ireland Northern Ireland Dublin, Republic capital of of Ireland Republic of Ireland
Edinburgh, capital of Scotland
2. The effects of its imperial past
1) The days of empire ended after World War II. But there are close relationships which exist with the 50 or more colonies of that empire, and which maintain links through Commonwealth of Nations (二战后，帝国主义时代过去了。但是大英帝国的50 多个殖民地之间仍然有着紧密的联系，这种联系主要通过英联 邦这个组织来维系). 2) It has great effects on the makeup of the British population: 对英国的人口构成有着很大的影响 Because of the immigration from India, Pakistan, or Caribbean countries in the 1950s and1960s, 1 in 20 are non-European ethnicity (由于在20世纪50、60年代，来自印度、巴基斯坦或位 于西印度群岛与中南美洲海域的加勒比国家大量涌入英国，现 在1/20的英国人是非欧洲血统的人).
10. Cultural division between highland and lowland
(苏格兰高地和低地之间的文化区分) 11. The Battle of Bannockburn (班诺克本战役)
12. Union with England in 1707
{1707年(苏格兰)与英格兰合并} 13. Strong Scottish identity (仍具有很浓的苏格兰特色) 14. Brief introduction of Wales (对威尔士的简要介绍) 15. Campaigns for independence of UK (威尔士的独立运动)
Great Britain
England, Wales Scotland
National Emblem
“Union Jack” --- National Flag
anthem ： “God save the queen‖（如在位 的是男性君主，国歌改为 “God save the king‖） --- National flower：Rose --- National bird：红胸鸽 (redbreast/robin)
Unit I and II: A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom
Part I Warm-up questions
1. What are the 4 constituent countries in the U.K.?
England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
Part II Focal Points
1. A complicated country with a complicated name (复杂的名称，复杂的国家) 2. The effects of its imperial past (帝国主义历史的影响) 3. A multiracial society (多种族的社会) 4. Remarkable class, regional and economic differences (显著的阶级、地域和经济差异) 5. The significant role of London (伦敦的重要地位) 6. Cultural and economic dominance of England (英格兰的在文化和经济上的统治地位) 7. The conquest of Britain（对不列颠的征服） 8. Parliament’s dominance over the throne (议会成为凌驾于王室权力之上的统治机构) 9. Physical features of Scotland (苏格兰的地理特征)
Part Ⅲ Language points
1. A complicated country with a complicated name
Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The definition of the UK., Great Britain & England. England, Scotland, Wales Northern Ireland.
England Cardiff, capital of Wales
London, capital of England
Population (2002 Census)
UK England Wales 59,289,194 51,138,831 2,903,085
Scotland
Northern Ireland
5,162,011
1,685,267
Unequally distributed population
Administrative Division
Population (mid 2004)
Area Size (sq km)
Population density (people per sq km)
England
The UK
Great Britain
The British Isles:
Great Britain Ireland hundreds of small ones.
British Isles
Two large islands several small ones two states
the UK
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
4. A significant role of London
1) capital city 2) in the south; largest city in the country; 1/7 of the nation’s population
3) culture center
4) business center