宾语从句总结与练习
宾语从句知识点总结初中
宾语从句知识点总结初中全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:宾语从句是英语语法中重要的一部分,也是初中阶段学习英语的重要知识点之一。
宾语从句指的是在一个句子中充当宾语的从句,它与主句之间存在着一种从属关系。
在初中英语学习中,学生需要掌握宾语从句的构成、用法以及引导宾语从句的连接词等知识点。
以下是关于【宾语从句知识点总结初中】的详细内容。
一、宾语从句的构成1.主句和宾语从句之间存在着动词与从句的对应关系,即主句中的动词通常是一个带有宾语从句的动词。
例如:I know (that) she is a teacher.(我知道她是一名老师。
)2.宾语从句通常由连接词引导,连接词的选择会影响句子的语法结构和意思。
常见的连接词包括that, if, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, why等。
二、宾语从句的用法1.宾语从句通常用来对主句中的动词进行补充和说明,使得句子的表达更加丰富和准确。
2.宾语从句在句子中的位置通常是在及物动词、介词后面,例如:I wonder if she will come.(我想知道她是否会来。
)3.宾语从句中的时态、语态、语气等方面需与所引导的主句的动词相一致,以保持语法的正确性。
三、引导宾语从句的连接词1.that引导宾语从句时,可用来引导宾语从句的动词包括think, believe, hope, know, find out等。
2.由whether或if引导的宾语从句通常用来表示“是否”的意思,由whether引导的宾语从句在意义上更严肃一些,如果能换成if,则用if。
例如:I wonder whether/if the meeting will be held tomorrow.(我不知道明天会不会开会。
)3.由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what以及连接副词when, where, why引导的宾语从句,可以与相应的主句动词搭配使用。
九年级宾语从句讲解及练习
九年级宾语从句讲解及练习宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的一种从句,用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。
它可以做介词或及物动词的宾语。
下面从三个方面总结归纳宾语从句。
一、引导词A.由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say。
think。
wish。
hope。
see。
believe。
agree。
expect。
hear。
XXX等动词后。
that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。
例如:I told him that he was wrong.在think。
believe。
suppose。
expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。
例如:I don’t think you are right。
(我认为你做的不对)在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。
例如:We think it wrong that he told a lie to XXX(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)B.由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。
XXX和if可以替换。
例如:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow。
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished XXX.注意:1.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。
例如:Everything depends on whether we have XXX.2.宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导。
例如:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.3.和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。
例如:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.C.由wh-引导的宾语从句。
中考宾语从句总结知识点
中考宾语从句总结知识点宾语从句是从句的一种,用来充当及物动词的宾语。
在英语语法中,宾语从句使用的频率非常高,因此掌握宾语从句的用法和构成方式对于学好英语语法非常重要。
一、宾语从句的构成宾语从句通常由连词that,whether,if,what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why等引导,其中that是最常用的引导词。
1.如果宾语从句是一般陈述句,则可以使用that引导。
例如:I know that he is a good student.2.如果宾语从句是疑问句,则要根据具体的情况选择合适的连接词来引导。
例如:I wonder whether/if he will come.3.如果宾语从句是选择疑问句,则可以使用whether...or, which, who, whom等引导。
例如:Tell me whether he will go to the cinema or stay at home.4.如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句,则可以使用what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等引导。
例如:I don’t know what time the party will start.二、宾语从句的位置宾语从句通常位于及物动词的宾语位置,即及物动词后面。
例如:I believe that he is telling the truth.但采用一些特殊的及物动词,宾语从句也可以放在动词前面。
例如:I wonder if he will come.三、宾语从句的时态和语态宾语从句的时态和语态通常依据主句的时态和语态来确定。
例如:He said that he had finished his homework.(宾语从句的时态是main clause中的过去完成时)They know what should be done. (宾语从句的时态是一般现在时,因为should引导表示助动词应该)四、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序通常为陈述句的语序。
宾语从句1
宾语从句宾语从句的总结:一、概念:由一个句子充当宾语的,叫做宾语从句.二、宾语从句应掌握的四方面. (近年来有关宾语从句的中考题,发现其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面)1、引导词分三类:①that ②if/whether ③特殊疑问词1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,其引导词用___________来引导宾语从句,在句子中无意义,因此可以省略。
1)He is a clever boy. I think.(合并句子)I think that he is a clever boy.2)He has never been to the Great Wall before. He told us .He told us ________ he had never been to the Great Wall before.3)I’m afraid. I can’t help youI’m afraid _________ I can’t help you2. 由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用___________或_______________引导,意为―____________‖。
如1)Will he come back tomorrow? I don’t know.I don’t know if he will come back tomorrow.2)Is there a book store near here ? Jim asked me.Jim asked me __________ there was a book store near here.3) He asked. Can you play the piano?He asked _____________ I could play the piano.▲注意:whether /if 通常可以互用,▲whether …or not 是固定搭配,不能用if, 介词后只用whether。
中考英语专题-宾语从句知识归纳+随堂练习 (6)
中考英语专题-宾语从句知识归纳+随堂练习中考英语专题讲解-《宾语从句》【概念】在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
We know that Mr Green teaches English.She asked if these answers were right.【三要素】引导词(连接词),语序,时态【由that引导的宾语从句】注意:that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不充当成分,在口语当中往往省略。
1. I hear (that)he will be back in an hour.2. He said (that) he missed us very much.3. The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun.【that不能省略的几种情况】在由that引导的宾语从句中,由于连词that只起引导功能,无具体意义,不担当任何成份,因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。
然而,大凡规则总有例外的情况,在下列that引导的宾语从句中,that则不能省略。
1. 从句的主语是that。
如:He says that that is a real king’s hat.他说那是一个真的王冠。
2. that从句中含有主从复合句。
如:I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时。
如:It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.卡片上写着,它是古代演戏用的。
4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句,且由并列连词连接时,只有第一个连词that可以省略。
如:She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son.她说她要来,还要带她的儿子来。
初中宾语从句专项讲解以及练习题(附答案及解析)
宾语从句知识全解1. 宾语从句的理解常见的宾语有两种情况,一是名词或代词,二是介词+名词或代词(介宾)如:I miss you/my friend (其中you/my friend 就是代词/名词)He is looking at me/my face (其中at me/my face 介词+名词或代词) 结论:一般情况下,宾语都是一个词/介词+一个词 在观察以下句子 I don ’t know you (原来是一个词当宾语)I don ’t know if you are right (现在是一个句子)结论:将宾语变为一句话的句子就是宾语从句2. 宾语从句的判断思考:英语句子有很多!怎么判断哪些是宾语从句呢?技巧:常见的宾语从句情况有两种结论:记住两种情况一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子,两种即为宾语从句3. 宾语从句的引导词的理解思考:宾语从句为什么需要引导词?不用引导词不是更加简单?语言的作用是用简洁清晰表达想表达的,为什么要加引导词增加复杂程度?我们对比以下两个句子,找一下答案:I don ’t know he is a student.(先不考虑可以省略的情况)(对于一个句子只有一个动词的原则,这里出现了两个动词,一个句子不可能出现两个动词,而又没有连接词,容易让读者产生误会,认为这句话有语法错误。
)I don ’t know that he is a student.(整个句子虽然有两个动词,但是因为第二个句子开头有一个引导词“that ”(其作用相当于连接词)连接,符合一个句子一个动词原则即,句子+连接词+句子)结论:引导词有代替连接词的作用,可以帮助读者理解句子的结构动词+句子I don ’t know if you are right. 介词+句子 We are talking about if it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句1.判断以下句子哪个是宾语从句()A.Teacher told that the sun is bigger than the moon to us.B.I have hated him since I was five.C. The children go to school by car every day.D.I met the man who is my friend’s uncle yesterday at school.解析:根据一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子的两种情况,只有A选项符合以上的情况。
宾语从句和练习
主从复合句(二)宾语从句:中考考点:对宾语从句的考查一样为其语序、引导词及其从句的时态知识结构:宾语从句的引导词that, if, whether, wh-疑问词宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句与简单句的转换(一)宾语从句的引导词1. that引导的宾语从句由that引导的宾语从句,表示陈述语气,that没有任何含义,在句子中不做任何成份,往往省略不写。
如:I know (that) you have met him. 我明白你曾经见过他。
I told him (that) he was wrong. 我告知了他他是错误的。
Tom said (that) he bought a new computer last week. 汤姆说他上周买了一台运算机。
I think (that) Mary is the best student in her class. 我以为玛丽是她的班里最好的学生。
注意:①当that引导几个并列关系的宾语从句时,最后一个that不能省略;在主从之间有插入语时,that也不能省略。
如:He thought (that) he was strong and that only he could help them.解析:第一个that能够省略,可是第二个that不能省略。
It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.解析:on this card是插入语,因此that不能省略。
②在宾语从句中,当主语的谓语动词是think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等表示思维活动的动词时,且主句的主语又是第一人称时,宾语从句的否定词通常要移到主句中,即否定主句的谓语动词,也确实是所谓的“否定前移”。
如:I don’t think you are right.I don’t believe he has finished his work.注意:当这些否定前移的主从复合句变反义疑问句时,反义疑问句的主、胃语要与从句的主、谓语一致。
宾语从句专项练习及答案-
宾语从句专项练习及答案-主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解1.概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分…eg, He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down .(动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语)2.连接词(1)陈述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that, that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, expl eg:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.在以下情况中that不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that 一般不可省。
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
2020年外研版英语八年级下册语法:宾语从句 (知识点复习总结+练习,无答案)
外研英语八年级下册语法:宾语从句【知识概况】一、宾语从句的定义1.宾语?2.宾语从句?I saw a old lady last night.I often talk with my teacher on the Internet.I think...I think that you are right.二、宾语从句的考点【知识详解】一、引导词1.宾语从句是陈述句—用that引导He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn't know (that) she is ill.I'm afraid (that) you can't catch the train.◆that不可省略的情况宾语从句的主语是that时He said that that is a useful book.他说那是一本有用的书。
(that不可以省略)He said (that) this is a useful book.他说这是一本有用的书。
(that可以省略)2.当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时I’m afraid that if you are lost it, you must pay for it.我恐怕你丢了它,你必须赔偿。
●当两个或两个以上的宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略,其他的that都不可以省略。
2.宾语从句是一般疑问句时—用if/whether(是否)引导She asks “Is Amy in Class Four?”—She asks ____________Amy is in Class Four.◆只用whether的情况whether..or notwhether to do●介词+whether❍whether位于句首I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.我不知道我们是去还是留。
(完整版)宾语从句总结及练习(附答案)
宾语从句I’ve heard that you play in your school orcherstra.I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries.I don’t know who will come.Can you tell me where you are from?Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived?Can you tell me if you miss the UK?I asked your secretary whether she could come or not.Which of the following sentences are the Object Clauses?1. I will buy a bike.2. He likes meat.3. She can speak English and French.4. I can see the boys are playing football. √5. Mr Smith knew his son made some mistakes. √6. I think Mr Zhang is a very good teacher. √7. The shop sells different kinds of food.8. We have planted hundreds of trees in the school.宾语从句在教材中的地位和作用(1)宾语从句是中学英语复合句学习的起点,掌握好宾语从句的概念和应用为以后学习状语从句和定语从句以至于高中的名词性从句打好基础。
一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即句子作宾语,宾语从句即句子作宾语,而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。
作宾语。
I like my teacher.(名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball. (动名词作宾语)I decide to study hard.(不定式作宾语)I know him .(代词作宾语)I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作宾语)She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语)二、宾语从句三要素一、连接词二、语序三、时态(一)连接词1.that引导2.whether/if引3.连接代词who whom whose what which4.连接副词when why where how1注:that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,在口语当中往往省略e.g 1. I hear (that) _______________________. (一小时后他会回来)2. He said (that) ______________________. (他非常想念我们)3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.(地球围着太阳转)注意:当从句是客观真理的时候,无论主句什么注意:当从句是客观真理的时候,时态,时态,从句一律用一般现在时2由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句由从属连词if/ whether “是否”,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。
宾语及定语从句(附练习及答案)
初三英语语法及专项训练(宾语从句、定语从句部分)[Grammar] Object Clause 总结基本概念:在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
它是众多从句中的一员,宾语从句可以作及物动词_________ 的宾语,作短语动词的宾语,介词的宾语。
I think (that) you will like the students.I am in terested in what she is doing.They often worry about whether they can get the jobs.基本特点:一、选择合适的连结词。
1. 词that (在口语、非正式文体中可以省略,本身没有意义)。
引导陈述句做宾语从句。
如:I tell him that I have read the story.2. 连词if或whether (是否);引导一般疑问句做宾语从句。
Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?3. 代词who (作主语)、whom(作宾语)、whose (定语)、which (主语、定语);连接副词when, why, how, where,(均作状语)。
引导特殊疑问句做宾语从句。
He did n't know when he would leave for Shan ghai.*否定的用法有些表示思想和感情的动词之后的宾语从句中的否定式可以注意到这些动词之前。
I don't think you're right. = I think you aren't right.二.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
所谓陈述句语序就是指宾语从句中主语一定要放在谓语动词之前。
(1) ................................................................................................. 主句(主语+谓语vt ) + ( that )从句(主语+谓语);⑵主句+ if/whether 从句(主语+谓语…);⑶主句+连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which+ 陈述句语序(主语+谓语…);(4 )主句+连接副词when/where/why/how+陈述句语序。
九年级英语语法总结和专项练习----宾语从句
九年级英语语法总结和专项练习宾语从句一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how后跟陈述句语序构成宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.3.当宾语从句表达的是一般疑问句的意思时,用if或whether引导。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.注意:if和whether在引导宾语从句时一般可以换用,但以下三种情况只可以用whether,不可以用if。
①当从句中含有or连接的选择成分时如:We didn't know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否已做好准备。
②当从句作介词的宾语时。
小学六年级重要知识总结宾语从句的语序总结
小学六年级重要知识总结宾语从句的语序总结小学六年级重要知识总结:宾语从句的语序总结在小学六年级的英语学习中,宾语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。
宾语从句可以在复合句中作为主句中的宾语出现,并且通常由连接词引导。
宾语从句在句子中的语序虽然与普通陈述句不同,但通过掌握正确的语序规则,我们能够更好地理解和运用它。
本文将就宾语从句的语序进行总结。
一、宾语从句的基本结构宾语从句由连接词引导,在从句中扮演特定的语法角色。
常见的连接词有:that,if,whether等。
宾语从句的基本结构如下:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序与陈述句并不一样,需要根据具体的情况进行调整。
下面是一些常见情况的语序总结:1. 宾语从句作为动词的宾语当宾语从句作为动词的宾语时,它通常位于动词之后。
例如:She said (that) she would come to the party.她说她会来参加派对。
2. 宾语从句作为介词的宾语当宾语从句作为介词的宾语时,它通常位于介词之后。
例如:I'm not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的话。
3. 宾语从句作为形容词的宾语当宾语从句作为形容词的宾语时,它通常位于形容词之后。
例如:I'm glad (that) you could come to my birthday party.我很高兴你能来参加我的生日派对。
4. 宾语从句作为名词的补充当宾语从句作为名词的补充时,它通常位于名词之后。
例如:I have no idea what he is talking about.我不知道他在说什么。
5. 宾语从句与由带有情态动词的疑问句构成当宾语从句与由带有情态动词的疑问句构成时,它通常位于情态动词之后,而疑问词位于情态动词与主语之间。
例如:Can you tell me what I should do?你能告诉我我应该做什么吗?三、宾语从句语序注意事项在宾语从句的语序中,需要注意以下几个事项:1. 连接词“that”可以省略在许多情况下,宾语从句中的连接词“that”可以省略。
必备英语 宾语从句难点总结 练习含答案解析
必备英语宾语从句难点总结练习含答案解析一、初中英语宾语从句1.— Excuse me, could you tell me _______?—There’s an e-shop on the third floor. You can make it there.A.how to arrive the e-shop B.how can I go to the e-shopC.where I can have my MP4 repaired D.which was the way to the e-shop【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】本题考查宾语从句,本句是一个宾语从句。
宾语从句应该用陈述句语序,通过观察,BD都是疑问句语序,故排除;根据答语“在三楼有一个电子商店”,故上句不是去指定的商店,故排除A。
所以本题选C。
2.—Could you please tell me _____?—Find out which you can’t remember, memorize them and then practice them in reading. A.how many words and expressions I should rememberB.how I could remember so many words and expressionsC.how I can remember so many words and expressions【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句,句意:“-你能告诉我怎么能记住这么多单词和表达吗?-找出你记不起的东西,背下来,然后在阅读中练习。
”,观察句子,属于宾语从句,那么从句的语序应该是陈述语气,并且主句的时态为一般现在时,那么从句的时态应该根据具体情况而定,结合句意应该使用一般现在时,故选C。
3.—I wonder ______.—She always cares much about others.A.how does Jane get on so well with her classmatesB.why Jane is generally liked by all the other classmatesC.if Jane is popular with her classmates【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:——我想知道为什么其他同学都喜欢简。
九年级宾语从句知识点总结
九年级宾语从句知识点总结宾语从句是复合句的一种句型,作为主句的宾语。
在九年级英语中,学习掌握宾语从句的使用是非常重要的。
下面就是对九年级宾语从句的知识点进行总结:一、什么是宾语从句宾语从句是一个从句,它在复合句中充当主句的宾语。
宾语从句通常由连接词引导,如that、if、whether等。
宾语从句可以用来替代名词作主句的宾语,使句子更加简练。
二、宾语从句的引导词常见的宾语从句引导词有:1. 连接词that:常用于陈述句,一般不可省略。
例如:She said that she was tired.2. 连接词if/whether:常用于疑问句,表示选择或两种可能性。
例如:I'm not sure if/whether he will come or not.3. 连接词wh-:用来引导对某事物的特定提问。
例如:Do you know what time it is?三、宾语从句与引导词的关系宾语从句与其引导词之间有以下关系:1. 在陈述句中,宾语从句与引导词that之间没有实际意义上的关系。
例如:He said that he was busy.2. 在疑问句中,引导词if/whether与宾语从句的关系是相同或相似的。
例如:Can you tell me if/whether it will rain tomorrow?3. 在特殊疑问句中,引导词wh-与宾语从句的关系是相同的。
例如:Do you know what he is talking about?四、宾语从句的位置宾语从句可以出现在主句中的多个位置,包括:1. 宾语从句出现在及物动词的宾语位置上。
例如:I know that he is a good student.2. 宾语从句出现在介词后面,作为介词的宾语。
例如:I'm interested in what you said.3. 宾语从句出现在不及物动词后面,作为补语。
宾语从句(总结练习)[1]
宾语从句一,宾语从句的概念在主句中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句,而宾语从句本身应该是一个句子。
No one knows that the doctor has left..主谓连主谓注意:含有宾语从句的句子是复合句,也就是说有两个主谓结构。
因此宾语从句中不可以缺少主语或者谓语。
如:I think that all the students in the classroom. ( 宾语从句中缺少_____语)They don’t know whether play computer games is good or not. ( 宾语从句中缺少______语)My mother asked me ____________________________________. 我妈妈问我是否完成了作业。
二,宾语从句的分类宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1.动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句,常用的有:believe, think, hope, say, tell, hear, expect, know,see, wish等。
⑴I hope ____________________________. 我希望他很快会好起来。
⑵He knew _________________________. 他知道他是错的。
2. 介词的宾语从句We are talking about ________________________________ or not. 我们正在讨论是否去购物。
The new book is about _______________________________. 这本新书是关于我们如何让自己开心的。
Don’t worry about___________________________________. 不用担心他接下来会做什么。
His father is worried about _______________________________.他爸爸担心他接下来会怎么做。
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”.He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)1.引导词(1) that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。
Eg: She said,“I want to go there ” She said (that) she wanted to go there.(2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。
Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said.She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用,但有些情况例外a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用ifeg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时,只用whether.c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether.Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.(3). 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。
高中英语宾语从句知识点总结
高中英语宾语从句知识点总结高中英语宾语从句知识点总结一、定义:宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。
二、结构:主语+谓语+连接词+从句。
三、连接词:1. 从属连词:that (无任何意思,在句中不做成分,口语中常可以省略)2. 连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语,指物)。
3. 连接副词:where, when, how, why (做从句中的状语)。
四、注意事项:1. 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。
2. 引导词有:that (在陈述句中无任何意思,在句中不做成分,口语中常可以省略),if/whether (是否),特殊疑问词 (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语,指物),特殊疑问副词 (做从句中的状语)。
3. 有时态上的变化。
语序:无论前面主句动词是什么形式,从句的语序都要变成陈述语序。
五、例子:1. He asks (that) I should go there. (前面的从句为陈述语序,如果前面从句的主语为I时,I只用于全句,如 that 的作用是为了表明语气是否婉转)2. He is considering whether he can find out whose tools they are。
(做“是否”解时引导宾语从句,例如: Can the answer be true? )3. I know where he lives. (where引导的宾语从句在复合句中作地点状语)4. He prefers music that is soft and light. (that在宾语从句中引导限定性定语从句。
去掉the images 后) (那样的,修饰后面的名词music)5. You don’t look well. I am afraid that you caught a bad cold. (that 在宾语从句中引导结果状语从句。
宾语从句
语法宾语从句学案说出两个句子的宾语:He knew you.He said that he knew you.第一个句子的宾语是一个单词构成的,第二个句子的宾语是一个句子,我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
它一般是由连词(从属连词,连接代词或连接副词)来引导。
一、宾语从句中的主句和从句练习1:说出下面4个句子中的主句和从句。
A. He said that he knew you. 他说他认识你。
B. He asked me why I had come here. 他问我为什么来这里。
C. I asked him what he wanted. 我问他要什么。
D. Could you tell me if/whether they are all League members?你是否能告诉我他们都是团员吗?**总结:宾语从句的结构:主句+连词+从句宾语从句三要素1, 连接词(引导词)That if/whether 特殊疑问词2, 陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他3, 时态呼应一,宾语从句中的引导词。
1.从属连词that:由that引导的宾语从句,在口语和新正式文体中常省略that。
例如:1.(that )+ 陈述句He thinks, “ Lucy likes school.”He thinks (that)Lucy likes schoolHe said(that) he would be back. 他说他将回来。
We knew (that) he had made a mistake.我们知道他犯了一个错误。
在某些be+形容词的结构后面也可以跟that引导的宾语从句。
例如:I am sure that I have posted the letter.(be sure that+宾语从句)我的确把那封信寄了。
I am afraid that you are right. (be afraid that+宾语从句)2.由从属连词whether 或if引导的宾语从句。
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宾语从句总结与练习内容:宾语从句考点归纳目标:1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
重点:语序和时态呼应难点:语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析一、宾语从句的连接词1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg. He knew (that)he should work hard.2.连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。
eg. Tom don't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.②在介词前:It depends on(依靠)whether it is going to rain.③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. 3.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1.由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。
eg. I don't know how I should do with the presents. ==> I don't k now how to do with the presents.2.要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。
Can you tell me who(m)do we have to see?(╳)Can you tell me who(m)we have to see?(√)The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”→She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
Eg. “Where are the tickets?”I asked him. →I asked him where t he tickets are.三、宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。
如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
eg. I thought (that)you are free today. (╳)I thought (that)you would be free today. (√)【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
eg. The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun. 四.其他需要说明的问题1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。
eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2.要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。
▲五.宾语从句和状语从句的区分eg. 1)I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.2)I don't know if the train has arrived.句1)中if引导的是状语从句。
这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。
整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。
句2)中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don't know的宾语。
整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。
判断方法:1.可以从整个句式看。
状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2.从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。
3.从时态看。
if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。
课后练习:一、用合适的连接词填空1. Wang Hai told me _____ he didn't go cycling yesterday afternoon.(how, why)2. Can you tell me ______ else is going to be on duty today?(who, whom)3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.(that, if)4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.(how, who)5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.(how long, how soon)6. They don't know _______ we are going hiking.7. She wanted to know _______ her coat would be ready the next day.8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw.9. I don't know ______ so many people crowding round him10. Do you know ______ shirt it is?二、句型转换1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.(改为宾语从句)→Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.2. What does he do? Do you know? (改为宾语从句)→Do you know _______ he _______?3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. (改为宾语从句)→He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. (改为宾语从句)→I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.5. “Do you want to try something new?”Tom's mother asked him. (同义句)→Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ _______ to try something n ew.6. I think this is a good idea.(改为否定句)→I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.7. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.(改为复合句)→Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.8. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.(改为简单句)→I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.三、选择题1. I don't know _____ he will be back home.A. whoB. whatC. whenD. where2. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in3. Do you still remember _______?A. that he saidB. what he saidC. did he say thatD. w hat did he say4. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left5. She told me the sun ______ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen6. They tried to find out ______ the new train ________.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has goneC. how far/ wentD. how far had/ run7. The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter8. Can you tell me ___________?A. where are you doingB. where do you studyC. where you were doingD. where yu study9. I can't understand _______ the boy alone.A. why she letB. why did she leaveC. why had she lef tD. why she had left10. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking13. _______ he'll come or not isn't important.A. WhyB. IfC. Whether&。