跨文化交际

河南师范大学外国语学院

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年级类别：2011级

学科专业：学科教学（英语）

学号：1105280400

姓名：龙裴

课程名称：跨文化交际

授课教师：陈运香

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考试分数：

2011级教育硕士、翻译硕士“跨文化交际”测试题

I.Explain the following terms.（20 points）

1.Cross-cultural communication:

Answer: Cross-cultural communication refers to communication between the native speakers and non-native speakers of communication, also refers to the communication among any people in different language and the background. Cross-cultural communication is a field of study that looks at how people from differing cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves, and how they endeavor to communicate across cultures.

2.Enculturation:

Answer: Enculturation is the process by which a person learns the requirements of the culture by which he or she is surrounded, and acquires values and behaviors that are appropriate or necessary in that culture. As part of this process, the influences which limit, direct, or shape the individual (whether deliberately or not) include parents, other adults, and peers. If successful, enculturation results in competence in the language, values and rituals of the culture. The process of enculturation is related to socialization. In some academic fields, socialization refers to the deliberate shaping of the individual, in others; the word may be used to cover both deliberate and informal enculturation.

3.Perception:

Answer:Perception is the means by which we make sense of our physical and social world. Our perceptions give meaning to all those external forces. Perception is the process of attaining awareness or understanding of the environment by organizing and interpreting sensory information. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retinas of the eyes, smell is mediated by odor molecules and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but can be shaped by learning, memory and expectation. In contemporary psychology, perception is defined as the brain‟s interpretation of sensory information so as to give it meaning. Cognitive sciences make the understanding of perception more detailed: Perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information.

4.Behavioral residue:

Answer: Behavioral residue refers to those things that remain as a record of our action. It implies the way we perceive people around us by the behaviors that we observe; just like the saying “The deed proves the man”. Many behaviors leave some kind of discernible residue in their wake. Given that large quantities of behavior are performed in personal environments, it makes sense that these places might accumulate a fair