大连理工大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：34
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some people （）avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.问题1选项A.violentlyB.enthusiasticallyC.sincerelyD.deliberately【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。
violently “猛烈地”；enthusiastically “热心地”；sincerely “诚挚地”；deliberately “故意地”。
句意：有些人有意回避对错的问题，或对此保持中立。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题They’ll have you（） if you don't pay your taxes.问题1选项A.to be arrestedB.arrestC.arrestedD.being arrested 【答案】C【解析】考查have sb. done 句型。
have sb. done 表示“让某人被……”；have sb. do “让某人做……”；have sb. doing “让某人一直做……”。
句意：你如果不纳税，他们会让你被捕。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （） the names they had been given by the witness.问题1选项A.perplexedB.bewilderedC.confusedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
选项A、B、D的宾语都是人，所以均不符合题意。
confuse the names “把名字弄混”。
选项C符合题意。
4.单选题Out of （）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：43
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most（） areas in Japanese life.问题1选项A.sophisticatedpetitiveC.considerateD.superficial【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
sophisticated “久经世故的；复杂的”；competitive “有竞争力的”；considerate “体贴的”；superficial “肤浅的”。
句意：因为有一个好的大学文凭就能找到一个更好的工作，所以教育是日本生活中最具有竞争力的领域之一。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The word conservation has a thrifty （节俭）meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands, soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone’s daily life. To know about the water table （水位）in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds （上游源头森林地带集水区）need to the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured out only in square measure of surface but also in cubit volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1.The author’s attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is（） .2.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that（） .3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didn’t realize（） .4.To avoid correcting the mistake of our forefathers, the author suggests that （）.5.What’s the best title for the passage?问题1选项A.positiveB.neutralC.suspiciousD.critical问题2选项A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC.they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials问题3选项A.the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of the beauty of nature问题4选项A.we plant more treesB.natural science be taught to everybodyC.environmental education be directed toward everyoneD.we return to nature问题5选项A.Our Forefathers’ Big MistakeB.Improve the Living ConditionsC.Protection of Our ResourcesD.Lead a Simple Life【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第三句most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible” 提到很多人直到现在还愚蠢地以为那些资源是取之不尽用之不竭的，从 foolish这个单词可知作者对此持批判态度。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：69
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题These instruments, which break up structures only to examine them more fully, demonstrate how details can be（） and separated from the whole.问题1选项A.amplifiedB.magnifiedC.exemplifiedD.signified【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
amplify “扩大，放大”，多指将声音或者电流放大；magnify “放大”，多指通过放大镜等物品将影像扩大；exemplify “示例”；signify “表示，意指”。
句意：通过将设备打开而进行更详细的检查，这些工具展示了如何将细节扩大并把它们从整体中区分开来。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题If we（）our relations with that country, we’ll have to find anot her supplier of raw materials.问题1选项A.diffuseB.diminishC.terminateD.preclude【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
diffuse “扩散”；diminish “减少”；terminate “使终止，使结束”；preclude “排除，妨碍”。
句意：如果我们结束与那个国家的关系，我们必须寻找其他原材料提供国。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题She remains confident and（） untroubled by our present problems.问题1选项A.indefinitelyB.optimisticallyC.infinitelyD.seemingly【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The magician picked several persons（） from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.问题1选项A.by accidentB.on occasionC.on averageD.at random【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。
By accident “偶然地”；on occasion “有时”；on average “平均地”；at random “随意地，任意地”。
句意：魔术师从观众中随便挑了几个人协助他进行表演。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”一 physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print， but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people’s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One mo re important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1.Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because （）.2.It can be learned from this passage that （）.3.According to the author, music notation is important because（）4.It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music （）5.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?问题1选项A.it helps produce new cultural tools and technologyB.it can reflect the development of the nationC.it helps understand the natio n’s past and presentD.it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization问题2选项A.the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese musicB.Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphonyorchestraC.the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western musicD.the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music问题3选项A.it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read itB.it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musiciansC.it is the printed version of standardized folk musicD.it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs问题4选项A.has brought about an information revolutionB.has speeded up the arrival of a new generation of computesC.has given rise to new forms of music cultureD.has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments问题5选项A.Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.B.Music cannot be passed on to future generation unless it is recorded.C.Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.D.The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect. 【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life提到研究文化相关的工具和技术是为了了解一个国家的历史和生活方式，所以选项C符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：25
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （） the names they had been given by the witness.问题1选项A.perplexedB.bewilderedC.confusedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
选项A、B、D的宾语都是人，所以均不符合题意。
confuse the names “把名字弄混”。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题We were pleased to note that the early delivery didn’t （） to the traffic jam of the busy city.问题1选项A.aidB.amountC.addD.attribute【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
aid “援助，帮助”；amount “总计，合计”；add “增加”；attribute “归属，把……归于”。
句意：我们很高兴发现早发货并没有给繁忙的城市增添交通拥堵。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题We （）Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.问题1选项A.subjectB.attributeC.oweD.refer【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
subject to “使服从”；attribute to “把……归因于”；owe to “归功于”；refer to “参考，涉及”。
句意：我们把爱迪生的成功归因于他的聪明和努力。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题When he got promoted from an average clerk to deputy manager of the company, he felt that he had to （）greater responsibilities.问题1选项A.bear onB.take onC.bring onD.draw on【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The wings of the bird still（）after it had been shot down.问题1选项A.slappedB.scratchedC.flappedD.fluctuated【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
slap “拍击”；scratch “抓，搔”；flap “拍动翅膀”；fluctuate “波动”。
句意：鸟儿在被打中之后仍然在拍动翅膀。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Many of the inventions that made people （）and have determined the inventions of American industry were related to agriculture and food production.问题1选项A.abundantB.affluentC.sufficientD.pleasant 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
Abundant “丰富的，充裕的”；affluent “富裕的，丰富的”；sufficient “足够的，充分的”；pleasant “令人愉快的，舒适的”。
句意：那些使人们富裕并且决定了美国工业创新的大多数发明都与农业和食物生产相关。
空格处所填的单词是作people的补足语，所以选项B符合题意。
3.单选题A window in the kitchen was（） ; there was rubbish everywhere and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.问题1选项A.scrapedB.smashedC.scratchedD.scattered【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
Scrape “刮，擦”；smash “猛击”；scratch “抓”；scatter “散落”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：81
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Very few scientists （）completely new answers to the world’s problems.问题1选项e up withe oute rounde up to【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
come up with “提出，想出”；come out “出版”；come round “苏醒；顺道拜访”；come up to “到达，等于”。
句意：很少有科学家对世界性的问题提出新的回答。
选项A 符合题意。
2.单选题I'm sure your suggestion will （）the problem.问题1选项A.contribute to solvingB.be contributed to solveC.contribute to solveD.be contributed to solving 【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。
contribute to 后面要接名词或者动名词，选项A符合题意。
3.单选题After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally（） .问题1选项A.deterioratedB.dissipatedC.dispersedD.drained【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
deteriorat e “恶化”；dissipate “浪费”；disperse “分散”；drain“排水；耗尽”。
句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他对工作的热情慢慢耗尽了。
选项D符合题意。
4.单选题There is no easy solution to Japan’s labor（） .问题1选项A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：37
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题It only takes a （） of a second for the computer to do the calculation which a humanwill spend days to do.问题1选项A.fictionB.reductionC.functionD.fraction【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
fiction “小说”；reduction “减少，下降”；function “功能”；fraction “小部分”。
句意：电脑只需要一会就完成了人类需要几天才能完成的运算。
选项D符合题意。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题It is through learning that the individual（）many habitual ways of reacting to situations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
retain “保持”；gain “获得”，指通过努力获得自己想要的东西；achieve “收获，获得”，指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标；acquire “获得”，指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。
通过分析，选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The New Testament was not only written in the Greek language, but ideas derived from Greek philosophy were （） in many parts of it.问题1选项A.criticizedB.incorporatedC.summonedD.translated【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
criticize “批评”；incorporate “包含；合并”；summon “召唤，召集”；translate “翻译，转化”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：18
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题There is no easy solution to Japan’s labour （）问题1选项A.declineB.rarityC.vacancyD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
decline “下降”；rarity “罕见”；vacancy “空缺，空白”； shortage “短缺”。
句意：日本劳动力短缺的问题不容易解决。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题She is a very （）student. She’s always talking about traveling to outer space.问题1选项A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagining 【答案】B【解析】考察形似形容词词义辨析。
imaginary “虚构的，假想的”；imaginative “富于想象的，有创造力的”；imaginable “可能的，可想象的”；imagining 是 image的动名词形式。
句意：她是一个富有想象力的学生。
她总是谈论关于在外太空漫游的事。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题The Prime Minister refused to （）on the rumor that he had planned to resign.问题1选项A.explainmentC.remarkD.talk【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
explain “说明，解释”；comment “评论”；remark “评论”；talk “谈话”。
句意：首相拒绝就关于他计划辞职的传言发表看法。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题The company （）a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.问题1选项A.is promisedB.has been promisedC.is promisingD.promised【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：68
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题First we should exclude all facts and observations that are not （） to the investigation in question.问题1选项A.equivalentB.relevantC.similarD.inferior【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
equivalent “相等的”；relevant “相关的”；similar “相似的”；inferior “下等的”。
句意：首先，我们应该排除所有与当下调查无关的事实和意见。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题There are some 65 species of New World monkeys. Many of these have a very useful anatomical adaptation lacking in their old world co unterparts that curious “fifth hand’’, the prehensile （适手抓住的）tail. And in a few species the gripping tail has developed to such as extent that is actually has “fingerprints” on the tip. While of course a tail is not-accepted with fingers, it can sometimes be even more useful than an arm or a leg. A spider monkey’s tail, for instance, is longer than its head and body combined, and is frequently used instead of a hand to grasp distant objects. Other monkeys less fortunate are forced to relegate at least one limb to support while they feed, whereas monkeys endowed with prehensility can hang by their tails while they feast with both hands and feet. A few New World monkeys have also evolved arms and shoulders that are suitable for swinging hand over hand through the trees like the Asiatic gibbons.1.The passage mainly discusses（） .2.The author probably believes that a monkey uses its prehensile tail especially for3.In the second sentence, the word “their” refers to（） .4.It can be inferred from the passage that the Asiatic gibbons and certain New World monkeys are similar in what respect?5.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the information in the passage?问题1选项A.certain evolutionary advantages of New World monkeysB.feeding habits of the spider monkeyC.the development of arms and shoulders in New World monkeysD.some anatomical adaptations of Asiatic gibbons问题2选项A.running over a grassy plainB.supporting itself while eatingC.swimming across a riverD.defending itself against enemies问题3选项A.New World monkeysB.Old World monkeysC.spider monkeystic gibbons问题4选项A.The length of their tailsB.Their mating habitsC.The ability to grip with their feetD.Their upper body structure问题5选项A.Some monkeys use their hands to grasp objects.B.A spider monkey has a very long tail.C.A prehensile tail has fingers.tic gibbons can swing through trees.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.文章主要介绍了新世界猴与其他种类猴相比所具有的进化优势。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：59
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I（） a rest.问题1选项A.deserveB.preserveC.conceiveD.receive【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
deserve “应得，应受”；preserve “保存”；conceive “设想‘怀孕”；receive “收到”。
句意：我花了四个周末写论文，现在觉得我应该休息一下了。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题Beijing is a（） city, and still more people are pouring in.问题1选项A.popularB.populateC.populaceD.populous 【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
popular “受欢迎的”；populate “居住于”，是动词；populace “大众，平民”；populous “人口多的”。
句意：北京是一座人口稠密的城市，仍然还有很多人涌入。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题These instruments, which break up structures only to examine them more fully, demonstrate how details can be（） and separated from the whole.问题1选项A.amplifiedB.magnifiedC.exemplifiedD.signified【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
amplify “扩大，放大”，多指将声音或者电流放大；magnify “放大”，多指通过放大镜等物品将影像扩大；exemplify “示例”；signify “表示，意指”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I didn’t sent out my application form last week, but I（）.问题1选项A.had toB.should haveC.would doD.might have to【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。
句意：我上周没有发申请表格，但是我本来应该发的。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题A most （）argument about who should go and fetch the bread from the kitchen was going on when I came in问题1选项A.trivialB.delicateC.minorD.miniature 【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
trivial “不重要的，琐碎的”；delicate “微妙的，精美的”；minor “次要的，较小的”；miniature “微型的，小规模的”。
句意：当我进来的时候，一场极琐碎的就谁应该去鸡的面前捡回面包的争吵正在进行。
选项A符合题意。
3.翻译题来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。
我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。
但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。
因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余 5位均是亚裔学生。
他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7 天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。
”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所待的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5 人。
1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷2
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题By（） computation, he estimated that the repairs on the house would cost him a thousand dollars.问题1选项A.coarseB.rudeC.averageD.general【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
coarse “粗糙的”；rude “粗鲁的”；average “平均的，普通的”；general “一般的，普通的”。
句意：通过粗略计算，他估计修理好这个房子需要花费一千美元。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题We were pleased to note that the early delivery didn’t （） to the traffic jam of the busy city.问题1选项A.aidB.amountC.addD.attribute【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
aid “援助，帮助”；amount “总计，合计”；add “增加”；attribute “归属，把……归于”。
句意：我们很高兴发现早发货并没有给繁忙的城市增添交通拥堵。
选项C 符合题意。
3.翻译题科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。
与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。
全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。
尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。
我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。
现在，在(新闻采访的)原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。
考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：30
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题It is through learning that the individual（）many habitual ways of reacting to situations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquired【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
retain “保持”；gain “获得”，指通过努力获得自己想要的东西；achieve “收获，获得”，指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标；acquire “获得”，指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。
通过分析，选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Speakers at graduation ceremonies are always among the most （）members of the community.问题1选项A.discouragedB.dissatisfiedC.distinguishedD.disappointed【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
discouraged “气馁的”；dissatisfied “不满的”；distinguished “尊敬的”；disappointed “失望的”。
句意：毕业典礼上的发言人都是团体中最受尊敬的成员。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can（）our needsindefinitely.问题1选项A.sustainB.retainC.maintainD.obtain【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
sustain “维持”；retain “保持”；maintain “维持，维修”；obtain “获得”。
句意：树木是可再生资源，如果管理得当，它们无限期地满足我们的需求。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：92
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some people think that a （）translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
literal “照原文的，逐字的”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。
句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题They announced to the （） guests that they were engaged to be married.问题1选项A.adoptedB.acquiredC.accumulatedD.assembled 【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
adopt “采取，采纳”；acquire “获得”；accumulate “积攒”；assemble “集合，聚集”。
句意：他们向聚集在一起的客人宣布他们订婚的消息。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The government’s（） is to make up chiefly of the money we pay in taxes.问题1选项A.tariffB.dutyC.revenueD.tax【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
tariff “关税”；duty “税收”；revenue “税收收入”；tax “税金”。
句意：政府的财政收入主要来源于我们的税收。
选项C符合题意。
4.单选题No one needs to feel awkward in （）his own customs.问题1选项A.pursuingB.followingC.chasingD.seeking【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：3
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some people think that a （）translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
literal “照原文的，逐字的”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。
句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题Out of （）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation. 问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
Perfect “完美的”；total “全部的”；sheer “绝对的；纯粹的”；integral “完整的”。
句意：纯粹是出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人品，毁坏她的名誉。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题But if language habits do not represent classes, a social stratification into something as bygone as “aristocracy” and “commons”, they do still of course serve to identify social groups. This is something that seems fundamental in the use of language. As we see in relation to political and national movements, language is used as a badge or a barrier depending on which way we look at it. The new boy at school feels out of it at first because he does not know the right words for things, and awe-inspiring pundits of six or seven look down on him for not being aware that racksy means “dilapidated”，or hairy “out first ball”. The miner t akes a certain pride in being “one up” on the visitor or novice who calls the cage a “lift” or who thinks that men working in a warm seam are in their “underpants” when anyone ought to know that the garments are called hoggers. The “insider” is seldom disp leased that his language distinguishes him from the “outsider”.Quite apart from specialized terms of this kind in groups, trades and professions, there are all kinds of standards of correctness at which most of us feel more or less obliged to aim, because we know that certain kinds of English invite irritation or downright condemnation. On the other hand, we know that other kinds convey some kind of prestige and bear a welcome cachet.In relation to the social aspects of languages, it may well be suggested that English speakers fall into three categories, the assured, the anxious and the indifferent. At one end of this scale, we have the people who have “position” and “status”, and who therefore do not feel they need worry much about their use of English. Their education and occupation make them confident of speaking an unimpeachable form of English: no fear of being criticized or corrected is likely to cross their minds, and this gives their speech that characteristically unselfconscious and easy flow which is often envied.At the other end of the scale, we have an equally imperturbable band, speaking with a similar degree of careless ease, because even if they are aware that their English is condemned by others, they are supremely indifferent to the fact. The Mrs. Mops of this world have active and efficient tongues in their heads, and if we happened not to like their ways of saying things, well, we “can lump it”. That is their attitude. Curiously enough, writers are inclined to represent the speech of both these extreme parties with-in for ing. In the one hand, “we’re goin ‘huntin’’，my dear sir”；on the other, “we’re goin ‘racin’,mate”In between, according to this view, we have a far less fortunate group, the anxious. These actively try to suppress what they believe to be bad English and assiduously cultivate whatthey hope to be good English. They live their lives in some degree of nervousness over their grammar, their pronunciation, and their choice of words: sensitive, and fearful of betrayingthemselves. Keeping up with the Joneses is measured not only in houses, furniture, refrigerators, cars, and clothes, but also in speech.And the misfortune of the “anxious” does not end with their inner anxiety. Their lot is also the open or veiled contempt of the “assured” on the side of them and of the “indifferent” on the other.It is all too easy to raise an unworthy laugh at the anxious. The people thus uncomfortably stilted on linguistic high heels so often form part of what is, in many ways, the most admirable section of any society: the ambitious, tense, inner-driven people, who are bent on “going places and doing things”. The greater the pity, then, if a disproportionate amount of their energy goes into what Mr. Sharpless called “this shabby obsession” with v ariant forms of English—especially if the net result is (as so often) merely to sound affected and ridiculous.” Here, according to Bacon, “is the first distemper of learning, when men study words and not matter....It seems to me that Pygmalion’s frenzy is a good emblem ... of this vanity: for words are but the images of matter; and except they have life of reason and invention, to fall in love with them is to fall in love with a picture.”1.The attitude held by the assured towards language is .（） .2.The anxious are considered a less fortunate group because（） .3.The author thinks that the efforts made by the anxious to cultivate what they believe is good English are（） .问题1选项A.criticalB.anxiousC.self-consciousD.nonchalant问题2选项A.they feel they are socially looked down uponB.they suffer from internal anxiety and external attack.C.they are inherently nervous and anxious people.D.they are unable to meet standards of correctness 问题3选项A.worthwhileB.meaninglessC.praiseworthyD.irrational【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D【解析】1.文章第三段对the assured进行了描述，这类人对自己的英语很自信，不需要为自己说英语而担心（do not feel they need worry much about their use of English）。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：94
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Movie directors use music to（） the action on the screen.问题1选项A.contaminateplimentC.contemplateplement【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
contaminate “污染”；compliment “恭维”；contemplate “沉思，注视”；complement “补充”。
句意：电影导演用音乐来补充荧幕上的动作。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Despite Denmark's manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say ’’Denmark is a great country." You’re supposed to figure this out of yourself.It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life’s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools,day care, retraining programs, job seminars — Danes love seminars: three days at a study center hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs ― there is no Danish Academy to defend against it — old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes, "Few have too much and fewer have too little," and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madam have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It’s a nation of recycles - about 55% of Danish garbage gets made i nto something new ― and no nuclear power plants. It’s a nation of tireless planners. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general.Such a nation of overachievers ~ a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, "Denmark is one of the wor ld’s cleanest and most organized countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society in the Northern Hemisphere." So, of course, one's heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings ("Foreigners Out of Denmark!")，broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line: town here, country there. It is not a nation of jaywalkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if it’s 2 a.m. and there’s not a car in sight. However, Danes don't think of themselves as a waiting-at-a-a.m.-for-the-green-light people —that’s how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources，limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.The orderliness of the society does n’t mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mines, and no Dane would tell you so. You can hear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society cannot exempt its members from the hazards of life. But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn’t feel bad for taking what you're entitl ed to, you're as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to whether high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.1.The author thinks that Danes adopt a attitude towards their country（）.2.Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?3.The author's reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is（）4.According to the passage, Danish orderliness（） .5.At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that（）问题1选项A.boastfulB.modestC.deprecatingD.mysterious问题2选项A.Fondness of foreign.B.Equality in society.C.Linguistic tolerance.D.Persistent planning.问题3选项A.disapprovingB.approvingC.noncommittalD.doubtful问题4选项A.sets the people apart from German and SwedesB.spares Danes social troubles besetting other peopleC.is considered economically essential to the countryD.prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles 问题5选项A.Danes are clearly informed of their social benefitsB.Danes take for granted what is given to themC.the open system helps to tide the country overD.orderliness has alleviated unemployment【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Despite Denmark's manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes， they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes.提到尽管在外人看来丹麦有着非常多的有点，但是丹麦人自己并没有引以为傲，反而他们经常会谈论自己国家面积小、语言难懂等缺点，可以看出他们是非常谦虚的，选项B 符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：28
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题She is a very （）student. She’s always talking about traveling to outer space.问题1选项A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagining【答案】B【解析】考察形似形容词词义辨析。
imaginary “虚构的，假想的”；imaginative “富于想象的，有创造力的”；imaginable “可能的，可想象的”；imagining 是 image的动名词形式。
句意：她是一个富有想象力的学生。
她总是谈论关于在外太空漫游的事。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题Mary once（） with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
merge “混合”；collaborate “合作”；coincide “一致”；constitute “组成，构成”。
句意：玛丽曾经与另外一位音乐家合作写了一首流行曲。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the（）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
panic “恐慌的”；patriotic “爱国的”；pathetic “可怜的”；periodic “周期的”。
句意：发生了一场严重的交通事故；当人们从电视上看到这个可怜的场面的时候都非常伤心。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：21
2022年考研考博-考博英语-大连理工大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The direction were so（） that it was impossible to complete the assignment.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
ingenious “有独创性的”；ambitious “有野心的”；notorious “臭名昭著的”；ambiguous “模糊不清的”。
句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成这项任务。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题Out of （）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation. 问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
Perfect “完美的”；total “全部的”；sheer “绝对的；纯粹的”；integral “完整的”。
句意：纯粹是出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人品，毁坏她的名誉。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The television（） between the two candidates will be held on Sunday.问题1选项A.argumentB.debateC.discussionD.dispute【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
argument “论证，论据”；debate “辩论，争论”；discussion “讨论”；dispute “争吵”。
句意：两位候选人的电视辩论将在周日举行。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题Trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can（）our needsindefinitely.问题1选项A.sustainB.retainC.maintainD.obtain【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
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大连理工大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Much of the language used to describe monetary policy,such assteering the economy to a soft landing or a touch on the brakes,makesitself sound like a precise science.Nothing could be further fromthe truth.The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain.And there are long,variable lags before policy changes have anyeffect on the economy.Hence there is an analogy that likens theconduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xiquan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi windscreen,a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages,central bankers seem to have hadmuch to boast about of late.Average inflation in the big sevenindustrial economies fell to a mere2.3%last year,close to its lowestlevel in30years,before rising slightly to2.5%this July.This isa long way below the double-digit rates which many countriesexperienced in the1970s and early1980s.It is also less than most forecasters had predicted.In late1994the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said thatAmerica’s inflation rate would average3.5%in1995.In fact,it fellto2.6%in August,and is expected to average only about3%for theyear as a whole.In Britain and Japan inflation is running half apercentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year.This is no flash in the pan;over the past couple of years,inflationhas been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America’s,have little productive slack.America’s capacity utilisation,for example,hit historically high levels earlier this year,and its jobless rate(5.6%in August)has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment-the rate below which inflation has taken off on the past.Why has inflation proved so mild?The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective.Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.67.From the passage we learn that________.（A）there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates（B）economy will always follow certain models（C）the economic situation is better than expected（D）economists had foreseen the present economic situation68.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?（A）Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car.（B）An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.（C）A high unemployment rate will result from inflation.（D）Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy.69.The sentence This is no flash in the pan(line5,paragraph 3)means that________.（A）the low inflation rate will last for some time（B）the inflation rate will soon rise（C）the inflation will disappear quickly（D）there is no inflation at present70.The passage shows that the author is________the present situation.（A）critical of（B）puzzled by（C）disappointed at（D）amazed at答案及试题解析67.（C）意为：经济形势比预想的好。
第三段指出，它（指：平均通货膨胀率）也比多数预测者预测的低。
《经济学家》杂志每月调查的经济学家小组称：1995年美国平均通货膨胀率会达3.5％左右，但是，8月份它实际降至2.6％，全年也不过3％左右；在英国和日本，平均通货膨胀率比上年底预测的低0.5个百分点（或：半个百分点）。
而且，在过去几年里一直是如此（this is no flash in the pan）：在英美两国，平均通货膨胀率一直比预测的要低。
A意为：通货膨胀与利率有直接关系。
第一段第二句明确指出：利率与通货膨胀间的关系是不确定的。
B意为：经济（的运行）总是遵循某些模式（或：规律）。
第一段指出，使经济软着陆使经济刹车，人们经常使用这样的词来形容货币政策的作用，听起来它似乎是一门严谨的学问。
事实远非如此（Nothing could be furtherfrom the truth.它根本就不是一门严谨精确的学问）。
下文从持续低的通货膨胀率的意外的形势来说明了经济运行难以预测。
D意为：经济学家们预测到了目前的经济形势。
相反，正如第四段第一句所指出的，经济学家对目前有利的通货膨胀率始料未及。
另请参阅上文分析。
68.（B）意为：极低的失业率会导向通货膨胀。
第四段指出，从传统的（衡量）标准来看，英美两国（特别是美国）的经济生产并没有滑坡（productive slack），例如：美国的设备（能力）利用率（capacity utilisation）今年初达到历史最高水平，其失业率已低于多数正常失业率所允许的数字-过去认为：失业率低于正常失业率时通货膨胀率就开始上升（take off）。
A意为：制定货币政策如同开车。
根据第一段第四、五句，在政策的变化对经济起实际作用之前，会有很长而难以确定的（variable）时间差（lag 意为：滞后性）。
所以，许多人把货币政策实施过程比作驾驶一辆遮住挡风玻璃、后视镜已断裂、方向盘有毛病的汽车。
换言之，他们认为，货币政策的制定和实施有很大程度的不可预测性或盲目性。
可见，A表达的意思不确切。
C意为：通货膨胀导致高失业率。
注意，在这里，inflation一词前没有修饰词，际上，过低的失业率会导致通货膨胀率的上升。
参阅上文分析。
D意为：利率对经济有直接而迅速的影响。
参阅上文分析。
69.（A）a flash in the pan意为：昙花一现，偶然出现的情况。
参阅第67题题解。
（B）、（C）、（D）均不对。
70.（D）意为：对……感到惊奇，认为……不可思议。
本文主要评述了目前良好的经济形势，它是由持续低的通货膨胀率造成的，是始料未及的。
作者强调了目前形势的始料不及的一面（尤其是第二、三、四段的描述）。
A意为：批评。